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Journal articles on the topic 'Resource Dependency Theory'
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KLEIN, LEANDER LUIZ, and BRENO AUGUSTO DINIZ PEREIRA. "THE SURVIVAL OF INTERORGANIZATIONAL NETWORKS: A PROPOSAL BASED ON RESOURCE DEPENDENCE THEORY." RAM. Revista de Administração Mackenzie 17, no. 4 (August 2016): 153–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-69712016/administracao.v17n4p153-175.
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ABSTRACT Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to depict a theoretical proposal for analyzing the influence of three facets of an organization's dependence on the survival of interorganizational networks: on the environment, on the other members and on the network. Originality/gap/relevance/implications: This paper assists business leaders in showing the dependence tensions of enterprises on the market and networks. The understanding of relational changes and benefits provided by the network during its evolution also has an impact on enterprises' dependency. This paper is therefore original as it makes the contribution essential to a nascent stream of research. Key methodological aspects: The conceptualization of this study is based on the Resource Dependence Theory to direct network survival. The methodology of the paper is based on a theoretical essay for the formation of an analytical background of the subject. It presents an insight in a manner that sheds light on the subject and sets the stage for future research. Summary of key results: Does not apply. In this article, we did not make an empirical investigation. Key considerations/conclusions: The conceptualization of this study has been based solely on the Resource Dependency Theory to direct network survival. Furthermore, additional research is needed to empirically validate the framework.
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Lim, Tai Wei. "Multilateralism and Dependency Theory." African and Asian Studies 13, no. 1-2 (May 9, 2014): 80–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15692108-12341286.
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Abstract This paper situates center-periphery issues at two levels. At the broadest level (world system), it looks at the spectrum of selected dependency theories and the position of George Klay Kieh Jr’s ideas in this spectrum. In this discussion, I will pay especial attention to small states, powers and economies and explain the justifications in the section below. At the intermediate level (compradorial category) of the world system, I examined some area-specific writings on this subject, in particular those related to Asia and Africa but also classical studies of compradorial economies in South America. In reviewing these theories, I identified three major issues for study. First, are dependency theories and the idea of an intermediate compradorial economy in the world system still relevant or important to the study of developing economies? Second, are regional economic bodies in the intermediate space of the world system challenging the dichotomous binary of only center and periphery? Third, if resource supply and primary processing are the comparative advantages of smaller or peripheral states, can regional cooperation help to upgrade the value-added-ness of their economic activities?
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Grosvold, Johanne, Kathleen Rehbein, and Paul Baker. "Predicting Board Decisions: Are Agency Theory and Resource Dependency Theory Still Relevant?" Academy of Management Proceedings 2015, no. 1 (January 2015): 12155. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2015.12155abstract.
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Breton, Gaétan, and Saidatou Dicko. "Directors’ networks and access to collective resources." Society and Business Review 10, no. 3 (October 12, 2015): 223–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sbr-06-2015-0020.
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Purpose – This paper aims to illustrate the resource dependency theory by making ties between the different resources needed by a firm and the members of the board through their allegiances to different organizations. Many researchers have explained the formation of the board through a controlling function. Alternative explanation is proposed by the resource dependency theory. Design/methodology/approach – To investigate the case of the largest company in Canada, the authors took their data in the Boardex database. Then drawing an affiliation matrix, they used the Pajek software to analyze these connections. They obtained a non-directional social network prone to illustrate the resource dependency theory. Findings – The authors found different categories of resources being placed at firm’s disposal: political, social and economic, under different forms. Because a case study approach was used, the findings will be used to complete the theory rather than confirm or contradict it. The case firm is well-connected at every level, although having a quite conservative board: only one woman, no representative of the social or environmental worlds. Through a program for designing networks, the authors show that board member’s networks are encompassing a spectrum of resources. Comparing with a previous study, it was found that the proportions of these resources remain the same in 2013 than in 2007. Research limitations/implications – This case is a very large group. Therefore, it can be expected that it will need every kind of resources. It might be interesting to replicate the study on smaller firms. The results imply that boards may not be the best structure to control the firm’s inside activities. Originality/value – Although many theoretical papers exist on this question, the board is mainly studied through the insiders/outsiders dichotomy, but there are few practical studies taking the resource dependency theory perspective.
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Casciaro, Tiziana, and Mikolaj Jan Piskorski. "Power Imbalance, Mutual Dependence, and Constraint Absorption: A Closer Look at Resource Dependence Theory." Administrative Science Quarterly 50, no. 2 (June 2005): 167–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2189/asqu.2005.50.2.167.
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Despite ubiquitous references to Pfeffer and Salancik's classic volume, The External Control of Organizations, resource dependence theory is more of an appealing metaphor than a foundation for testable empirical research. We argue that several ambiguities in the resource dependence model account in part for this and propose a reformulation of resource dependence theory that addresses these ambiguities, yields novel predictions and findings, and reconciles them with seemingly contradictory empirical evidence from past studies. We identify two distinct theoretical dimensions of resource dependence, power imbalance and mutual dependence, which in the original theory were combined in the construct of interdependence and yet have opposite effects on an organization's ability to reduce dependencies by absorbing sources of external constraint. Results from a study of interindustry mergers and acquisitions among U.S. public companies in the period 1985–2000 indicate that, while mutual dependence is a key driver of mergers and acquisitions, power imbalance acts as an obstacle to their formation. We conclude that our reformulation of the resource dependence model contributes to realizing the potential of resource dependency as a powerful explanation of interorganizational action.
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Jones, Gareth J., Katie Misener, Per G. Svensson, Elizabeth Taylor, and Moonsup Hyun. "Analyzing Collaborations Involving Nonprofit Youth Sport Organizations: A Resource-Dependency Perspective." Journal of Sport Management 34, no. 3 (May 1, 2020): 270–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsm.2019-0054.
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Interorganizational relationships are a well-established practice among nonprofit youth sport organizations seeking to acquire key resources and improve service efficiencies. However, less is known about how broader trends in the nonprofit sector influence their utilization. Guided by Austin’s collaborative continuum and resource dependency theory, this study analyzed how interorganizational relationships are utilized by different nonprofit youth sport organizations in one American context. The results indicate that high-resource organizations primarily utilize philanthropic and transactional forms of collaboration, whereas integrative collaboration is more likely among low-resource organizations. The discussion draws on resource dependency theory to provide theoretical insight into this association, as well as the implications for collaborative value generated through interorganizational relationships.
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Radhakrishnan, Abirami, Dessa J. David, Sri V. Sridharan, and John Stephen Davis. "Re-examining supply chain integration: a resource dependency theory perspective." International Journal of Logistics Systems and Management 30, no. 1 (2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijlsm.2018.091444.
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Radhakrishnan, Abirami, John Stephen Davis, Dessa J. David, and Sri V. Sridharan. "Re-examining supply chain integration: a resource dependency theory perspective." International Journal of Logistics Systems and Management 30, no. 1 (2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijlsm.2018.10012465.
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Htay, Sheila. "Transaction Cost Theory, Political Theory and Resource Dependency Theory in The Light of Unconventional Aspect." IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science 12, no. 5 (2013): 89–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/0837-1258996.
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Zambrano Márquez, Diego Miguel. "Decentering International Relations: The Continued Wisdom of Latin American Dependency." International Studies Perspectives 21, no. 4 (July 16, 2020): 403–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/isp/ekaa007.
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Abstract Although many international relations (IR) theory and international political economy textbooks consistently reference dependency theory, it is commonly considered a passé, outdated, or defunct theoretical approach. This paper challenges conventional wisdom, stressing the continued relevance of dependency as an analytical approach. Overall, it argues that Dependency theory represents a successful effort at decentering IR. To do so, it first discusses decentering as an effort to challenge and engage core concepts in IR to transform the “universal” understandings of global politics. In this sense, Dependency theory decentered IR by introducing an understanding of the world in which Western and non-Western spaces are mutually constitutive, highlighting the role of non-core contexts in creating and maintaining the status quo of the universal. Second, the paper analyzes the influence of Dependency theory in modern discourses of political economy like the resource curse, globalization, Post-Colonialism, and Post-Developmentalism. These parallelisms show Dependency's effectiveness at decentering IR and transforming the way the discipline studies non-core spaces.
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Hackett, Ciara. "The rebirth of dependence – offering an alternative understanding of financial crisis." International Journal of Law and Management 56, no. 2 (March 4, 2014): 121–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijlma-12-2012-0041.
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Purpose – This article aims to contribute to the re-evaluation of the global market system using a Marxist inspired theory of development, dependency. Design/methodology/approach – This article draws on dependency theory as an alternative means of understanding global relationships. Building on existing literature, it modifies dependency to encapsulate technological developments and trends in the global market. Findings – Re-evaluating the global market and the relationships that underpin it, through an alternative theory, highlights the fragility of markets and associated relationships. Increasingly, nation states are becoming irrelevant. This presents a problem as the main actors in the global market today are “above” inter-state relations, yet the organs that regulate their behaviour still are grounded in inter-state rhetoric. The relationship between development and underdevelopment remains. Research limitations/implications – The financial crisis has propagated a wealth of interest in the relationships between states, between multi-national corporations (MNCs) and between MNCs and state. Using this broad theory of modified dependency, it can be applied to a range of different relationships. In the wake of financial crisis, there is the opportunity to raise awareness of these ingrained issues and initiate discussions at national, regional and international levels to alleviate some of the conditions of dependence. Practical implications – Regardless of the work of national governments and NGOs to instigate development in lesser-developed regions through policy and regulations, unless there is a conscientious commitment from MNCs operating in that region to contribute to development, the result will be the development of underdevelopment and the underdevelopment of development. CSR can help alleviate the conditions of the dependence on capital generated by MNCs, but this is not a solution to an ingrained problem, capitalism. Originality/value – This article introduces a modified theory of dependency for the first time. It applies the theory to the financial crisis and to the continent of Africa. It considers the role that CSR can play in alleviating the conditions of dependence.
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Lien-Chih, Chiou, and Kuan Yu-yuan. "NPO Fundraising Strategies in Transformation: A Case Study of the United Way of Taiwan." China Nonprofit Review 2, no. 2 (2010): 307–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187651410x525014.
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AbstractThis article examines the transformation of the fundraising strategies of the United Way of Taiwan (UWT) from organizational change theory and resource dependency theory. At the same time, it considers the state and significance of nonprofit intermediary organizations in Taiwan that are engaged in charity fundraising and redistribution. The study focuses on the following questions: in order to reasonably distribute social donations among the poor and disadvantaged, how should the UWT effectively raise social resources? What adjustments to its developmental and fundraising strategies should the organization make in response to changes in the external environment? In a Taiwanese charitable donation market that has grown to roughly 50 billion yuan per year, how can the UWT compete or cooperate with other NPOs to increase its fundraising space? The study found that due to considerations of its institutional environment, the UWT focused on attaining legality and legitimacy during its formation. It also found that the change and growth segments of the organizational life cycle were visible in the UWT’s shifts in governance, in personnel, and in its overall development. At the same time, changes made to the UWT’s fundraising strategy demonstrated the organization’s control over resource dependency. Lastly, the study finds that in terms of fundraising strategy, the UWT faces the several challenges of expanding its resource network from the Taiwan’s North to its Middle and South, limiting its dependence on corporate resources, expanding its access to volunteer resources, social services groups and governments, and maintaining its collaborative partnerships.
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Ulbrich, Frank, and Mark Borman. "Extended dependency network diagrams: adding a strategic dimension." Journal of Global Operations and Strategic Sourcing 10, no. 1 (February 20, 2017): 42–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jgoss-05-2016-0019.
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Purpose Organizations increasingly form or join collaborations to gain access to resources paramount for achieving a sustained competitive advantage. This paper aims to propose an extension to the established dependency network diagram (DND) technique to better facilitate analysis, design and, ultimately, strategic management of such collaborations. Design/methodology/approach Based on the resource dependence theory, the constructs of power and secondary dependency are operationalized and integrated into the original DND technique. New rules and an updated algorithm for how to construct extended DNDs are provided. Findings The value of the proposed extension of the DND technique is illustrated by analysis of an application hosting collaboration case study from the Australian financial service industry. Research limitations/implications This study provides preliminary evidence for strategically managing resource collaborations. Future research could further test empirically the usefulness of the proposed extension of the DND technique and how much it contributes to better understanding resource collaborations. Practical implications The proposed extension of the DND technique enables managers to perform a broader analysis of dependencies among participants in a collaboration, helping them to more accurately comprehend the relationships between the entities in their collaborative environment and, thus, being in a better position of strategically managing resource dependencies. Originality/value The proposed extension of the DND technique makes a central contribution to the extant literature by adding a strategic dimension to a visualization technique used to represent collaborative environments.
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Nam, Yoonsung, Tae-Joong Kim, and Wonyong Choi. "The moderating effect of international trade on outside director system in Korean firms." Journal of Korea Trade 23, no. 1 (March 4, 2019): 19–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jkt-05-2018-0038.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the moderating effect of international trade on outside director system in Korean firms. The authors expected that Korean firms highly depending on international trade would mitigate the resource provision function of outside director system in order to reduce information asymmetry among global business partners. In addition, the authors tried to find out the functions of outside director system: the control function based on agency theory and resource provision function based on resource dependence theory. Design/methodology/approach The authors tested the hypotheses by Poisson regression with 2011 and 2002 Korean-listed manufacturing firms. The dependent variable is the number of excessively appointed outside directors and independent variable is CEO type: family CEO or professional CEO. The moderating variable is the dependency on international trade measured by export proportion out of total sales. Findings The authors found that not control but resource provision function was a main role of outside director system in Korean firms. The authors also found negative moderating effect of dependency on international trade, which means that firms highly depending on global market tended to consider outside director system as control function, namely “global standard.” Originality/value This paper is the leading study that tries to analyze empirically the relationship between international trade and the function of governance mechanism; outside director system in Korean firms. It also confirms that Korean firms adopted outside director system on the basis of the resource dependence theory.
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Uygun, Meltem. "Purchasing decisions at private hospitals in the framework of resource dependency theory." Independent Journal of Management & Production 8, no. 4 (December 1, 2017): 1400. http://dx.doi.org/10.14807/ijmp.v8i4.634.
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The environment influencing hospitals in the health industry is quite complicated, and despite the high volume of inputs, the functions that occur at purchasing level are very intricate. The reason that the feedback mechanism of health services is not organized completely, and thus another reason that the health system is quite complicated, is diversification of inputs and the consequent rising volume of inputs from the environment, and high dependency on the environment. Governing the demands and pressures of the environmental actors and reorganizing them for its own benefit are only possible for the business, depending on how much power it has in the interdependent relationship. Therefore, it is necessary to clarify the role of power as a concept when analyzing these environmental relationships in order to elucidate the behaviors of organizations. This study addresses power relations in the framework of resource dependency theory. The "power and dependency relationship" of the actors that are influential in purchasing decisions regarding clinics at a private hospital where physicians, who are experts in their field work, is the proposal of this research. The matter of which actors (hospital upper management, purchasing department, relevant expert physicians) have an influence on purchasing decisions and mutual relations are discussed in the context of power.
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Wontner, Karen Lorraine, Helen Walker, Irina Harris, and Jane Lynch. "Maximising “Community Benefits” in public procurement: tensions and trade-offs." International Journal of Operations & Production Management 40, no. 12 (October 3, 2020): 1909–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijopm-05-2019-0395.
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PurposeThis study aims to illuminate the challenges involved in implementing community benefits (CBs), a sustainable public procurement policy that ensures that there are positive social and economic outcomes for the local community when public money is spent on goods, works and services.Design/methodology/approachInterviews and focus groups were conducted with public sector buyers and suppliers in Wales with experience in implementing CBs. Resource dependence theory was used to examine the extent to which dependence on resources effects CBs implementation.FindingsWhilst the study confirms that implementation of CBs improves economic and social outcomes, there can also be challenges for public sector organisations and their constituent supply chains. These include tensions between CBs and other policies, differing views between buyers and suppliers, and the unintended consequences of promoting one form of CBs over another.Research limitations/implicationsThe research found that Welsh Government influences the buyer-supplier dyad through regulatory and financial power. We elaborate on resource dependency theory by adding four constructs (powerful stakeholders, intra and inter organisational issues, challenges and enablers) to better understand the flows of power and resources in this research context.Practical implicationsBuyer and supplier practitioners and policymakers may find the factors leading to successful CBs implementation useful, such as ensuring closer communication and liaison at early contract stages.Social implicationsCommunity benefits are aimed at improving socioeconomic issues through public procurement.Originality/valueThis study addresses the need for research into how public sector organisations and suppliers seek to implement socio-economic sustainability measures, and the lack of research on CBs implementation to date. It is also novel in adopting a dyadic approach and a resource dependency perspective.
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Lockett, Andy, and Steve Thompson. "The resource-based view and economics." Journal of Management 27, no. 6 (December 2001): 723–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014920630102700608.
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This paper analyzes the link between economics and the resource-based view (RBV) of the firm. Although, historically there has been a strong link between the disciplines of strategy and economics, explicit citations of key RBV works has been disappointingly low in mainstream economics journals. However, there are substantial bodies of works that build implicitly on the ideas of the RBV, in particular the consequences of path dependency on firm behavior, to explain a number of different economic issues. The issues we review in the paper are all influenced by path dependency and include: (1) diversification and market entry, (2) corporate refocusing, and market exit, (3) explaining innovative activity among firms, (4) diversification and performance and (5) industry evolution with rapidly changing products. Furthermore, we identify a number of reasons that may have limited the explicit use of the RBV in economics, which include the problems of causal ambiguity, tautology and firm heterogeneity. Finally, potential areas for future research are identified, which include the interaction of the RBV and Agency Theory, the RBV as a dynamic theory, using the RBV to explain radical change and the application of the RBV to issues of antitrust.
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Hessels, Jolanda, and Siri Terjesen. "Resource dependency and institutional theory perspectives on direct and indirect export choices." Small Business Economics 34, no. 2 (December 9, 2008): 203–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11187-008-9156-4.
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Başar, Selim, Ayse Kucuk Yilmaz, Mustafa Karaca, Hilal Tuğçe Lapçın, and Sibel İsmailçebi Başar. "Fleet modelling in strategic multi-criteria decision-making of approved training organization from capacity building and resource dependency theory perspective: risk taxonomy methodology." Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology 92, no. 6 (May 11, 2020): 917–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aeat-03-2020-0051.
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Purpose In this study, research problem has been designed as a fleet-based optimization problem. This paper aims to present fleet modelling with risk taxonomy. Fleet modelling has been assumed as strategic multi-criteria decision-making problem to capacity building. Capacity building risk management is an essential element within the scope of its strategy to ensure sustainable corporate performance. Optimization is a fundamental target in aviation business’ strategy and management since the manager make decisions in their multi-interrelated criteria environment. Also, aviation is a highly regulated sector, and its operational and business procedures have certain limits by both national and international authorities. For this reason, companies implement risk management for strategic optimization while performing operations in compliance with the legislation. Risk management with capacity building and resource dependency perspective applied for strategic optimization aims to capture opportunities and result in threats with minimum accidents and incidents. Design/methodology/approach The taxonomy and analytical hierarchy process (AHP) have been identified as methodologies in this research. The type of training in the high organizational performance of an approved training organization, strategy, resources and allocations with the corporate objectives, the amount and qualifications of the flight crew, their professionalism, maintenance team and licenses, hangar conditions and capacity, authority requirements and limits, region conditions, altitude and meteorology, student profile, together with a multi-criteria decision are to be considered. For each criterion, there are resources and thus resource dependence. In this study, the analytical network process method was used. In the construction of new taxonomy, specific criteria have been considered, and the analysis has been accomplished as multi-criteria decision-making problem because of the relationship and interaction between them. A number of professionals with high knowledge of the pilots and manager from Air Traffic Organization participated in the study. Findings The fleet modelling is both strategic and operational decision issue for training organizations. In this issue, there is a vital problem as which aircrafts should include fleet? Main criteria and sub-criteria are analyzed by AHP method and sorted according to their priorities and the fleet qualifications consisting of the most suitable aircraft/aircraft are presented. The finding and suggestions will contribute to establish sustainable organization in based on capacity building and resource dependency for managers. While analyzing main criteria, the important criteria which were found were strategic and then operational. After ordering main criteria, sub-criteria were analyzed and were multiplicated with their items. According to study findings, aircraft suitability for training model is the most important item. It follows respectively aircraft maintenance sustainability, cost of aircraft supply and faculty budget adequacy. However, operation characteristics of the square that is less important item was found. It was seen that the strategies used to manage dependencies used the bridge strategy. The results we obtained with the interviews with pilot managers are very significant in terms of resource dependence on the subject of fleet optimization. While first criterion is operational, it continues with strategic and financial criteria. After interviews with pilot managers, it was figured out that maintenance is also very important criteria. For managing this dependency, university has acquisitions, which is one of the strategy to manage dependency, rather than outsourcing. For this reason, maintenance criterion has lower importance than others. When thinking of other criteria, strategic and financial criteria have played an important role. University has tried to decrease dependency and increase sustainability. Research limitations/implications Aircraft selection is a strategic decision of fleet modelling in both aviation business and also training organizations via influencing their corporate performance, operational performance, capacity building and their sustainability. There are some factors that limit the criteria, as research problem has been developed for approved training organizations not airlines. For this reason, our research is limited with fleet of training organizations. Our findings and suggestions may be useful for flight schools to managing their resource dependency and also to their capacity building. In this research, new taxonomy has been developed depending on training organizations’ qualifications. Airlines may improve this taxonomy to use in their decision-making process. Practical implications The fleets, which were established considering the taxonomy in this study, will be able to manage the risk of resource dependency more successfully. Pilot candidates will be able to provide a more ergonomic and higher quality education. This research and its findings will contribute to the development of organizations’ accurate and timely decision-making skills. Resource dependency may threat organizational sustainability in our research, New taxonomy and our holistic approach will support organizational efforts to achieve sustainable strategies. Social implications New taxonomy to modelling fleet that has been developed in this research may provide contribution to approved training organizations for both managing resource dependency-based risks and to capacity building-related decision-making process. This research may serve organizations as strategic decision-making tool. And also this kind of study may contribute to improve sustainability of organizations and serve more good fleet for their pilot candidates. For these reasons, this research may create social implications, as both resource using and capacity building will make contribution for society and add value. Originality/value This research presents new risk taxonomy and criteria. Also new taxonomy and its criteria are analysed with AHP. It is thought that this research shows risk management-based approach for fleet modelling creates benefits for approved training organizations to using their limited sources effectively and efficiently. The article includes risk management and capacity building-related approach to decision-making. also, this research presents modeling which will contribute to the management field besides literature. In developing taxonomy process, the analysis has been conducted, based on expert opinions and referred to for these pairwise comparisons. Airlines managers and risk managers may examine their fleet modelling according to our taxonomy which is based on risk management.
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Mwai, Naomi Wangari, Joseph Kiplang’at, and David Gichoya. "Application of resource dependency theory and transaction cost theory in analysing outsourcing information communication services decisions." Electronic Library 32, no. 6 (November 3, 2014): 786–805. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/el-09-2012-0112.
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Purpose – The aim of this paper is to establish how resource dependency theory (RDT) and transaction cost theory (TCT) can inform decisions to outsource ICT services by public university libraries in Kenya. Design/methodology/approach – The study adopted a multiple case study strategy in four selected public universities libraries in Kenya. Purposive sampling was used to identify respondents and data collection was done using a semi-structured interview schedule. Findings – The study highlights how RDT and TCT theoretical perspectives illuminate some of the reasons, and problems associated with Information and Communications Technology outsourcing in Libraries. The paper concludes with recommendations and the way forward. Research limitations/implications – The study was limited to the outsourcing of information technology services in four public university libraries in Kenya, namely, Kenyatta University (KU) in Kahawa, Nairobi; Moi University (MU) in Eldoret; University of Nairobi (UON) in Nairobi; and Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT) in Juja, Thika. This being a qualitative study (and taking into consideration the subjective views where bias could occur), the researchers ensured that the research was reliable by recording and taking notes during the interviews and by using peer-debriefing and professionals in the field to ascertain their views. Practical implications – The paper provides practical insights into outsourcing of Information Technology (IT) services in Public University libraries and information centres in Kenya. This study is useful for university libraries, information professionals, information communication technology professionals and university management. Social implications – The implications of the study are that outsourcing needs to be guided by clear policies that are documented and communicated to all the stakeholders. Originality/value – This research assesses IT outsourcing services in selected public academic libraries in Kenya.
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Fayezi, Sajad, Rebecca Stekelorum, Jamal El Baz, and Issam Laguir. "Paradoxes in supplier’s uptake of GSCM practices: institutional drivers and buyer dependency." Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management 31, no. 3 (November 25, 2019): 479–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmtm-05-2019-0171.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of institutional drivers and buyer dependency on green supply chain management (GSCM) practices and performance of suppliers. Design/methodology/approach The authors draw on institutional theory and resource dependence theory to construct a conceptual model than links institutional drivers, GSCM practices, buyer dependency and performance outcomes. The authors test the hypotheses using partial least squares structural equation modeling applied to a sample of suppliers in the Australian manufacturing sector. Findings The results confirm that suppliers develop GSCM practices of green sourcing and eco-design to enhance their performance in response to both coercive forces and voluntary behaviors of their institutional environment. However, buyer dependence of suppliers explains important paradoxes in their uptake of GSCM practices. For example, while the institutional drivers encourage greater adoption of green sourcing by suppliers, increase in buyer dependence in turn reduces the positive performance outcome of green sourcing. Practical implications The authors establish that understanding and assessment of the role of buyer dependency is critical for managers in charge of GSCM practices of their company. This enables practitioners to proactively manage paradoxes resulting from institutional drivers and buyer dependency through an informed decision on the type of GSCM practice to be adopted for effectuating performance improvement. Originality/value The authors provide empirical evidence on paradoxes that curtail performance associated with the uptake of GSCM practices by suppliers moving beyond institutional environment by considering the role of buyer dependency.
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Yeager, Valerie A., Nir Menachemi, Grant T. Savage, Peter M. Ginter, Bisakha P. Sen, and Leslie M. Beitsch. "Using resource dependency theory to measure the environment in health care organizational studies." Health Care Management Review 39, no. 1 (2014): 50–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/hmr.0b013e3182826624.
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Bhatt, R. Rathish, and Sujoy Bhattacharya. "Do Board Characteristics Impact Firm Performance? An Agency and Resource Dependency Theory Perspective." Asia-Pacific Journal of Management Research and Innovation 11, no. 4 (December 2015): 274–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2319510x15602973.
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McCaskill, John R., and James R. Harrington. "Revenue Sources and Social Media Engagement Among Environmentally Focused Nonprofits." Journal of Public and Nonprofit Affairs 3, no. 3 (December 1, 2017): 309. http://dx.doi.org/10.20899/jpna.3.3.309-319.
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This study examines social media efforts among environmentally focused nonprofits. A survey of environmentally focused nonprofits revealed that more than half of these organizations receive government funding. Prior research demonstrates social media is an efficient medium in which to simultaneously communicate with multiple stakeholders. However, stakeholder engagement is likely tied with the need to raise funds. From that basis, we discuss social media use among nonprofits and develop hypotheses about differences in social media use among organizations receiving government funds and those not receiving government funds. Our hypotheses are rooted in resource dependency theory (RDT) and dialogic communication theory (DCT). We test our hypotheses on data from environmentally focused nonprofits by comparing the levels of social media engagement with varying levels of their total funding provided by government grants to determine if there is a correlation with the level of public engagement via social media. We find the level of engagement on the social media site Facebook is lower for government-funded environmental nonprofits than privately funded ones. The findings of reduced social media engagement and the dependence upon government funding versus private funding supports the precepts of resource dependency theory.
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Grodsky, Brian. "Looking for Solidarność in Central Asia: The Role of Human Rights Organizations in Political Change." Slavic Review 66, no. 3 (2007): 442–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20060296.
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According to scholars of resource dependency, foreign funding can weaken rather than strengthen civil society abroad, ultimately impeding its effectiveness. Yet the spate of recent “democratic revolutions” in semiauthoritarian, postcommunist states suggests that pumping foreign money into the nongovernmental sphere can be an effective strategy. In this paper Brian Grodsky argues that a critical factor in assessing the likelihood that a given organizational movement will succumb to the ills of resource dependency is the type of politicization within that movement. Those organizations composed of members primarily motivated by ideology are logically less likely to succumb to resource dependency than those organizations dominated by political aspirants intent on converting democratization into their own political power. Two case studies, communist-era Poland and contemporary Uzbekistan, provide support for this theory.
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Delfin, Francisco G., and Shui-Yan Tang. "Elitism, Pluralism, or Resource Dependency: Patterns of Environmental Philanthropy among Private Foundations in California." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 39, no. 9 (September 2007): 2167–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a38275.
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We map the distribution of environmental grants provided by selected California foundations in 2000 and the degree of dependency of the grantees on foundation support to test theoretical claims about foundations' role in contemporary environmentalism. Contrary to assertions by critics of elitism, there is no consistent favoritism of the so-called ‘mainstream’, ‘flagship’, national environmental organizations as recipients of foundations' grants. Instead, donors support a variety of causes with varying levels of funding based on recipients' perceived expertise and needs—a finding consistent with pluralist and resource-dependency arguments. On the receiving end, we find that the non-governmental organizations (NGOs) that have greater reliance on foundation money are those which are younger, have fewer paying members, and are not involved in local-level or toxics issues. Overall, we find that no single theory can adequately explain the trends in giving and in dependency. Future research building on these findings can proceed along two directions: a theoretical path in search of a more universal theory of foundation giving; or an empirical path focusing on clarifying different types of NGO grantees, the longitudinal patterns of environmental giving, and the impact of foundation funding on NGO grantees.
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Aprilia, Audrey Winona, Renita Febriany, Luciana Haryono, and Nany Chandra Marsetio. "Pengaruh Karakteristik Direksi Terhadap Kinerja Perusahaan yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia." Jurnal Akuntansi 12, no. 2 (October 27, 2020): 233–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.28932/jam.v12i2.2800.
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Directors are human resources who play an important role in maintaining the long-term sustainability of the company's business. Thus, this study aims to determine board size, CEO tenure, and foreign director on company performance in the non-financial industry on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2013-2018 with multiple linear regression analysis using 1,764 sample data from 294 companies. Contributions in this study using resource dependency theory, stewardship theory and foreign directors variables as indicators of independence. The results of the study board size have a significant positive effect on company performance, with an optimal number of 4-9 people because it can provide diverse perspectives and ideas in decision making. CEO tenure does not affect ROA and ROE because the president director tends to reject and avoid risks and company's performance is influenced by all directors, not just the president director. Foreign directors have a significant positive effect on ROA with an optimal percentage of 26-50% because they provide different perspectives on decision making, but does not affect ROE with 51-75% of the optimal amount because does not have large influence to influence decisions in improving company performance.
Keywords: Director’s Characteristics, Firm Performance, Resource Dependency Theory, Stewardship Theory.
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Katz, Harry C., Rosemary Batt, and Jeffrey H. Keefe. "The Revitalization of the CWA: Integrating Collective Bargaining, Political Action, and Organizing." ILR Review 56, no. 4 (July 2003): 573–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001979390305600402.
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This case study of the Communications Workers of America (CWA) demonstrates the value of resource dependence and contingency organizational theories—two branches of organization theory, which has most commonly been used to interpret firm behavior—for analyzing union revitalization. Consistent with predictions of those theories, the CWA responded to a changed environment by abandoning strategies that no longer achieved organizational objectives, but retaining and bolstering strategies that continued to be effective. Furthermore, like the organizations analyzed in Jeffrey Pfeffer and Gerald Salancik's classic exposition of resource dependency theory, in the face of heightened environmental complexity and uncertainty the CWA used political action, growth strategies, and inter-organizational linkages to gain advantage. The CWA conformed to another prediction of contingency theory by using an integration strategy—specifically, by making simultaneous and interactive use of activities in collective bargaining, politics, and organizing—to spur innovation and respond to environmental complexity and uncertainty.
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O’Hagan, Sean B. "An exploration of gender, interlocking directorates, and corporate performance." International Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship 9, no. 3 (September 11, 2017): 269–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijge-09-2016-0032.
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Purpose The purpose of this study is to explore the impact that women who sit on boards of directors, as well as women that are part of an interlocking directorate, have on corporate performance. The investigation is placed within the literature on human capital theory and resource dependency as an argument for gender diversity and boards of directors. Design/methodology/approach A director data set for over 32,000 firms based in the USA, composed of 6,218 women and 54,932 men, is utilized. From this, regression and network analysis were utilized. Findings It is found that female directors’ participation in interlocking directorates translates into greater corporate performance when compared to simply examining female representation on boards of directors. Additionally, women involved in interlocks translated into greater corporate performance when compared to men. These results support the resource dependency approach. Practical/implications Results of this study suggest that when considering female directors, corporate performance is enhanced when female directors already sit on the boards of other firms. Originality/value This study highlights external network connections to differentiate between human capital theory and resource dependency as an argument for gender diversity and boards of directors.
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Singh, Ramanjeet, and Hima Bindu Kota. "A resource dependency framework for innovation and internationalization of family businesses." Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies 9, no. 2 (June 5, 2017): 207–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jeee-04-2016-0013.
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Purpose To compete and to survive in this era of globalization, organizations, including family businesses, need to have competitive advantage, and innovation and internationalization are some of the ways to achieve this. This paper aims to analyze whether family businesses innovate and internationalize more than non-family businesses and further analyses the type of family businesses “age-wise” and “size-wise” that innovate and internationalize more. Design/methodology/approach The study is empirical in nature. The period of study is 11 years, from 2005 to 2015 (both years inclusive). The sample is chosen from Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) 500 index, a broad-based index in India, covering about 20 industries of the economy. The present study uses multiple regression models to find the innovativeness and internationalization of family businesses. The dependent variables are R&D (proxy for innovativeness) and FXINC (proxy for internationalization). The independent variables are FB (variable that defines whether a business is family business or non-family business); FBAGE (variable that defines the age of the family business); and FBSIZE (variable that defines the size of the family business). The other control variables used in in the study are TA (total assets), REV (revenue), CR (current ratio), QR (quick ratio), DER (debt-equity ratio) and RONW (return on net worth). Fixed effects model was used to understand the innovativeness and internationalization of family businesses. Both industry and year fixed effects were used. SPSS 20.0 version is used for the analysis. All results are heteroscedastic consistent using Breusch–Pagan test. Findings It is found that family businesses are more innovative and internationalized when compared to non-family businesses. The results are consistent with the resource-based theory where it is found that family businesses are entrepreneurial in nature (Salvato, 2004; Zahra et al., 2004; Kellermanns and Eddleston, 2006) which makes them more innovative. It was also found that within the family businesses, younger firms were more innovative and internationalized than older firms. This can be explained by the theory of “learning advantages of newness”, according to which younger firms are more flexible, eager to learn, have less internal resistance and are able to adapt to the changing environment much faster. Originality/value During the studies, the authors have found that there is no conclusive evidence on the innovativeness and internationalization of family businesses. Further, there are apparently negligible studies that analyze what type of family businesses, age wise (younger or older firms) and size wise (smaller or larger firms) use the strategy of innovation and internationalization to grow. The present study analyses the innovativeness and internationalization of family businesses when compared to non-family businesses and also studies the type of family businesses (age wise and size wise) that are more innovative and internationalized.
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Dewi, Ni Putu Krisna, and Ni Made Dwi Ratnadi. "Modal Intelektual dan Pengungkapan Tanggung Jawab Sosial." E-Jurnal Akuntansi 31, no. 8 (August 26, 2021): 1960. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/eja.2021.v31.i08.p07.
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Empirical testing of the correlation of intellectual capital and disclosure of social responsibility with, structural capital, customer capital, human capital is the purpose of this study. Companies that are included in the LQ45 list of the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2015-2017 period are used as samples in this study, and the purpose sampling method is used to collect samples. Multiple regression analysis technique is used through SPSS to analyze a data. Based on the previous study, it is concluded that human capital positively affects the disclosure of social responsibility, at the same time, neither structure_capital nor customer capital has any impact on the disclosure of social responsibility. The results of this study are in line with resource-based theory, legitimacy theory, and resource dependency theory. These theories believe that every company has different and unique resources, which can add a sustainable competitive advantage to the survival of the company, but companies as organizations rely on Strengths to provide resources and use them in their operations.
Keywords: Intellectual Capital; Disclosure of Social Responsibility.
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Hofer, Christian, Henry Jin, R. David Swanson, Matthew A. Waller, and Brent D. Williams. "The Impact of Key Retail Accounts on Supplier Performance: A Collaborative Perspective of Resource Dependency Theory." Journal of Retailing 88, no. 3 (September 2012): 412–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jretai.2011.12.003.
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Cohen, Sandra, and Sotirios Karatzimas. "The role of the Troika on the Greek central government accounting reforms." International Journal of Public Sector Management 31, no. 3 (April 9, 2018): 316–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijpsm-06-2016-0101.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the role of the Troika’s advent played in the progress of the budgeting and the financial reporting systems reform at the Greek central government level. Design/methodology/approach The approach of an extreme country case study is adopted. The data used in the paper have been identified through document analysis performed on the relevant documents produced by the Troika, the Greek Ministry of Finance, and other relevant sources. The reform process is seen through the lens of the neo-institutional theory and the resource dependency theory. Findings Although both reforms targeted the introduction of best international practices – particularly useful in periods of financial distress and scarce resources – the advent of the Troika affected their progress and changed the priorities. As a result, the reform was redirected toward strengthening the cash budgeting system. Research limitations/implications The study is subject to the limitations of an extreme case study research. Practical implications This is a case where resource dependency changes political priorities and directions and affects the evolvement of state budget and accounting reforms under way. Originality/value The role of external fund providers in public sector financial management reform priority-setting, in the case of a developed Eurozone country, is analyzed. The study contributes to the research agenda on accounting practices in times of austerity.
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Blomsma, Fenna, Daniela C. Pigosso, and Tim C. McAloone. "A Theoretical Foundation for Developing a Prescriptive Method for the Co-Design of Circular Economy Value Chains." Proceedings of the Design Society: International Conference on Engineering Design 1, no. 1 (July 2019): 3141–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dsi.2019.321.
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AbstractIn order to operate in line with the circular economy (CE) concept, companies and other stakeholders need to work together to enable the circulation and cascading of resources. Although the need for proactive stakeholder management is a common theme in recent work on CE, little work has been dedicated to creating prescriptive methods for the co-design of CE value chains (CEVCs) focusing on selecting strategic partners, when to engage them and in what capacity. Following calls to connect the emerging CE literature with literature from existing bodies of knowledge, this paper explores the theoretical foundations of a CEVCs co-design method. Specifically, this paper explores resource-base view (RBV); resource dependency theory (RDT); and actor-network theory (ANT), and synthesises an outline for the co-design process of CEVCs. Reflections on the process link it to the extant co-design literature and explain how the process can be used for method and tool development.
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Santen, Bernard, and Aloy Soppe. "NED characteristics, board structure and management turnover in the Netherlands in times of financial distress: a theoretical and empirical survey." Corporate Ownership and Control 7, no. 1 (2009): 285–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv7i1c2p4.
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This paper examines the relationship between corporate governance characteristics and corporate financial distress. There are two main theoretical factors of interest: the structure of the monitoring process, and the personal characteristics of non-executive directors (NEDs). The first approach is basically agency-theory oriented, and emphasises relationships that complicate proper control, such as dependents on the board (Jensen, 1993). The second approach refers to the resource dependency theory, which focuses on the quality of the director(s) involved (Hillman and Dalziel (2003). The relevant relationships are tested on a newly built database consisting of 52 listed companies in the Netherlands that became financially distressed in the period from 1993 to 2003 and a control sample of 167 listed companies. We collected data on NEDs such as age, education, dependency, other board positions (and chairmanships), workload, and the number of executive and non-executive board members. A positive relationship with financial distress was found to exist if the average workload of NEDs on the board was high, or if there was a foreigner on the board. If one of the NEDs has inside knowledge, this is negatively related to financial distress. As a final conclusion, the hypothesis originating in resource dependency theory, which is that the human characteristics of NEDs are important in avoiding financial distress, cannot be rejected with regard to the Netherlands as examined in the period from 1993 to 2003.
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Owusu, Dominic, Ishmael K. Mensah, Edem K. Amenumey, and Rebecca Dei Mensah. "Effect of Strategic Orientation on Performance of Star-Rated Hotels in Ghana." Journal of Business and Enterprise Development VOLUME 8, no. 2019 (October 30, 2019): 143–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.47963/jobed.2019.05.
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The study used the resource dependency theory to determine the strategic orientation that star-rated hotels in Ghana should adopt to realize both financial and non- financial performance. Out of a population of 680 star-rated hotel managers, a sample of 248 were chosen, using the stratified random sampling technique. Self- administered questionnaires were used to solicit the views of managers of the selected star-rated hotels. In all, a total of 178 responses were retrieved and analysed, using descriptive and partial least squares in structural equation modeling. Findings of the study indicate that none of the strategic orientation types influenced financial performance. However, aggressiveness, analytic, defensiveness, futuristic and riskiness were found to rather influence non-financial performance of star-rated hotels. The study, therefore, confirms the resource dependency theory and concludes that when star-rated hotels tend to be aggressive, analytic, futuristic and risky, it influences non-financial performance. The study, therefore, recommends that managers of star-rated hotels use analytic, defensiveness, futuristic and riskiness strategic orientation to enhance non-financial performance.
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Bansal, Shashank, and M. Thenmozhi. "Does Board Composition Matter to Institutional Investors?" Journal of Emerging Market Finance 18, no. 2_suppl (June 18, 2019): S238—S266. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0972652719846354.
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This study examines the resource dependency and signalling role of independent directors from the perspective of institutional investor’s and also investigates if the presence of large blockholder moderates the signalling effect. This study uses the quasi-natural experiment to examine this relationship. The difference-in-difference (DiD) analysis of 5,298 firm observations covering 618 National Stock Exchange (NSE) listed Indian firms for the period 2001–2011 provides empirical evidence that board composition does matter to institutional investors. We find that non-compliant firms who adopted the board independence requirement experience a significant increase in institutional ownership relative to previously compliant firms. We also find that institutional investors have invested more in family-owned firms during post-mandate period compared to government-, private- and foreign-owned firms. Overall, this study contributes to the existing literature on resource dependency theory and signalling theory and shows that the board independence acts as a signal to institutional investors and decreases the agency cost and cost of monitoring. JEL Codes: G3, G11, G34, G38, G23
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Lee, Jinyoung, Kyungyon Moon, and Seokwoo Kim. "Resource Dependency Theory and the ASEAN Development Gap: An Analysis of ASEAN and External Partner Country Policies." Journal of international area studies 24, no. 3 (July 31, 2020): 27–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.18327/jias.2020.7.24.3.27.
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Ahiakpor, James C. W. "The success and failure of dependency theory: the experience of Ghana." International Organization 39, no. 3 (1985): 535–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020818300019172.
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Dependency theory is a set of ideas with a strong potential for influencing policy actions in the Third World. Originally developed during the late 1960s to explain the problems of development in Latin America by scholars working in that region, the theory has attracted a great deal of attention both in the literature and in Third World countries. Though the logical consistency and empirical validity of the theory have been questioned, evidence about the influence of dependency theory on the economic policies of specific countries has been scant. In this article I provide some such evidence. I also evaluate the potential for devising viable economic policies within the theory.
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Lehtimäki, Hanna, Ville-Veikko Piispanen, and Kaisa Henttonen. "Strategic Decisions Related to Circular Business Model in a Forerunner Company: Challenges Due to Path Dependency and Lock-In." South Asian Journal of Business and Management Cases 9, no. 3 (October 13, 2020): 402–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2277977920957957.
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Circular economy (CE) entails a radical change in companies because new ways of thinking and doing business are required for value-creation opportunities. There is a lack of empirical studies on how companies themselves see and develop the CE business. Furthermore, the dynamics between the changes required when pursuing a circular business model (CBM) have not been sufficiently studied. This intensive case study examines the strategic business decisions of a forerunner company in CE over 20 years. Questions: What were the strategic decisions related to CE business model in the case company over 20 years? What internal and external factors impacted the strategic decisions and how? Theory: The theoretical framework of this study is built based on CBM strategies and capabilities in the CE business. Basis of the Case: Phenomenon. Type of the Case: An intensive case study of a forerunner company in CE. Protagonist: Not needed. Findings: First, the results of the analysis show that the company engaged in both slowing and closing resource loop business model strategies in the CE market. Second, the results of the analysis imply that the path dependency in the market was too strong, and the company was not able to break the path dependency of the closing loop strategy. Third, the results show that the case company was, however, able to challenge the path dependency and lock-in in the closing resource loop strategy with internal factors that included strategic management capabilities, such as making decisions within the current market conditions, organizational capabilities, such as developing new positions and knowledge, technological capabilities, such as investments on improving and upgrading recycling and waste management, and business model innovation capabilities. Discussions: This study contributes to a call for further research on how companies themselves see and develop CE business. This study sheds light on the ways by which path dependency and lock-in contribute to CBM innovation and can explain a CE strategy failure. Furthermore, this study provides evidence that by drawing on company-internal and company-external factors, a company can challenge path dependency and lock-in and go forward in developing the CE business despite difficulties. For the case company, it was easier to maintain the closing resource loop strategy and stay with the original core business idea of providing recycling and waste management services to construction businesses and selling waste material for energy and heat production than engaging in slowing resource loop strategy. Finally, the results of this study suggest that path dependency theory is useful in projecting future risks in CBM innovation.
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Alhassan, Abdul Latif, Kalwani Zyambo, and Mary-Ann Afua Boakye. "‘Welcome on board’: resource dependency and agency theoretic evidence from the South African life insurance market." Corporate Governance: The International Journal of Business in Society 21, no. 4 (January 13, 2021): 626–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cg-12-2019-0375.
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Purpose This paper examines the role of corporate governance on the financial performance of life insurers in South Africa. Specifically, the paper tests two competing hypotheses on the role of boards as effective monitors of opportunistic behaviour of executives, as prescribed by the agency theory or as an effective resource, as advocated by the resource dependency view. Design/methodology/approach The paper estimates both static and dynamic panel data of 68 insurers from 2007 to 2014 using random effects, panel corrected standard error ordinary least squares and generalized method of moment’s estimation techniques. Board size, audit committee size, board independence and audit committee independence are used as the governance indicators while profitability is measured as returns on assets and equity. Findings The findings support both the resource dependency and agency theoretic views of boards. Specifically, the results indicate that large board and audit committees improve financial performance which supports the view of boards as effective resources for insurers. In addition, the role of non-executive directors in addressing agency conflict is reflected in the positive effect of board independence on financial performance. However, the long-run causal positive effect is only reported for audit committee size on return on assets. In addition, the paper also finds evidence of profitability persistence in the life insurance market. Finally, reinsurance usage, insurer size and market concentration were found to have a negative effect on financial performance. Practical implications The findings re-enforce the important role of boards in their oversight responsibilities and as effective resources in the operations of highly specialized insurance businesses. Originality/value As far as the authors are concerned, this empirical analysis documents the first evidence of the linkages between governance mechanisms and financial performance of an insurance market in Africa.
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Hajič, Jan, Eva Hajičová, Jiří Mírovský, and Jarmila Panevová. "Linguistically Annotated Corpus as an Invaluable Resource for Advancements in Linguistic Research: A Case Study." Prague Bulletin of Mathematical Linguistics 106, no. 1 (October 1, 2016): 69–124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pralin-2016-0012.
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Abstract A case study based on experience in linguistic investigations using annotated monolingual and multilingual text corpora; the “cases” include a description of language phenomena belonging to different layers of the language system: morphology, surface and underlying syntax, and discourse. The analysis is based on a complex annotation of syntax, semantic functions, information structure and discourse relations of the Prague Dependency Treebank, a collection of annotated Czech texts. We want to demonstrate that annotation of corpus is not a self-contained goal: in order to be consistent, it should be based on some linguistic theory, and, at the same time, it should serve as a test bed for the given linguistic theory in particular and for linguistic research in general.
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Mosbah, Aissa, Jaithen Alharbi, Abdulla Fetais, and Ibrahim Alkandi. "The Role of the Manager in the Middle East: An Empirical Study of Multinational Companies." Global Business Review 20, no. 4 (May 23, 2019): 887–900. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0972150919844892.
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This article is an empirical investigation into the role of the CEO manager in the affiliates of multinational corporations operating in the Middle East. Grounded in a literature review of the reasons for employing either parent country nationals (PCNs) or host country nationals (HCNs) in top management position in foreign subsidiaries, a number of factors influencing the choice between these alternatives are identified. Using a data collected from 147 multinational companies (MNCs) operating in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), the influence of each of these factors on this selection is empirically tested with the help of primary data. The study proposed that the relationship between the home and host country managers could be linked to agency theory (with the ‘classical’ principal–agent relationship) and to resource dependency theory (implying relations between the branch and other partners based on interdependence). Our results show that the agency and resource dependency mechanisms are indeed used side by side and complementary to each other to exercise control. Home country managers can strategize to implement control by the informal and social means by positioning a sizeable number of managers from the home country within the subsidiary. Indeed, our results revealed this as true.
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Shmat, V. "The “Resource Curse”: Lessons of the Third World." World Economy and International Relations, no. 1 (2015): 28–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2015-1-28-39.
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According to the hypothesis known as the “resource curse”, natural resources abundance is a brake on economic growth of many Third World countries. But is it really so? The author believes there are deeper reasons why the Third World in general – regardless of the amount of raw material resources available in each country – cannot achieve the same level of welfare as the First World. The “resource curse” theory looks for the origins of the resourceful countries’ economic problems in the institutional sphere. But this seems misleading because of excessively narrow “here and now” approach. The economic and socio-political institutions of individual countries are regarded in short periods of time when “curse” declared itself. Its typical manifestations, such as rent-seeking, stagnation or degradation of the institutions, authoritarian power, snowballing public debt and symptoms of Dutch disease, were seen in many Third World countries long before the development of the major sources of raw materials and regardless of the availability or absence of them. Therefore, it seems appropriate to speak of a kind of “three-fold institutional curse” as an explanation of continuing underdevelopment of many countries and territories. Poor national institutions in the Third World countries are not actually caused by the presence or absence of concentrated natural resources. This is the result of prior historical development with series of discrete transitions from one condition to another: from colonial status – to independent statehood; from poverty – to unexpected wealth mostly based on the exploitation of the natural resources. Qualitative transformation of national institutions usually lags far behind. As a consequence, institutional development enters into a state of stagnation (inhibiting or destabilizing economic growth) that can stretch for very long periods of time. The author concludes that the presence or absence of resources, in fact, has no fundamental impact on the nature of socio-economic development of Third World countries. The major reason hindering institutional progress has external nature, that is heavy economic dependence on the First World (coupled with informal political subordination). This circumstance begets the “resource nationalism” by the developing countries – exporters of raw materials and fuel. History of “resource nationalism” provides a useful lesson for Russia whose economy is features by growing dependency on resources. Acknowledgement. The article has been supported by a grant of the Russian Science Foundation. Project № 14-18-02345.
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Hu, Xiaochen, and Nicholas P. Lovrich. "Social media and the police." Policing: An International Journal 42, no. 4 (August 12, 2019): 654–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pijpsm-09-2018-0139.
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Purpose Most police agencies in the USA make the claim that they use social media, and such use is drawing a great academic attention. Most studies on police use of social media focus on the content of police social media websites. Little research, however, has been conducted regarding what types of police agencies are in fact making use of social media. The purpose of this paper is to fill this gap in the knowledge. Design/methodology/approach The study reported here analyzes the 2013 Law Enforcement Management and Administrative Statistics (LEMAS) data set to identify the principal organizational characteristics of police agencies associated with the use of social media. Binary logistic regression is used to identify significant independent predictors of police use of social media, viewed here as a form of innovation. Findings The findings indicate that the workforce size (commissioned and civilian personnel) of a police agency, the level of participation in multi-jurisdictional task forces and the early use of an official agency website to communicate with the public are the predictors of police use of social media. Research limitations/implications Three theories pertaining to organizational behavior (i.e. contingency theory, institutional theory, and resource dependency theory), as well as Maguire’s (2003) study, are used to establish the theoretical framework for the research reported here. Originality/value Viewed as a pioneering study testing organizational theories related to police use of social media, the current study sets forth findings that help deepen the collective understanding of contingency theory, institutional theory and resource dependency theory as frameworks for explaining organizational behavior in policing.
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Ujunwa, Augustine, Ifeoma Nwakoby, and Charles Ogechukwu Ugbam. "Corporate board diversity and firm performance: Evidence from Nigeria." Corporate Ownership and Control 9, no. 2 (2012): 216–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv9i2c1art6.
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This paper investigates the impact of corporate board diversity on the financial performance of Nigerian quoted firms using a panel data of 122 quoted Nigerian firms. The aspects of board diversity studied comprise board nationality, board gender and board ethnicity. The Fixed Effect Generalised Least Square Regression is used to examine the impact of board diversity on firm performance for the period: 1991-2008. The results show that gender diversity was negatively linked with firm performance, while board nationality and board ethnicity were positive in predicting firm performance. The study provides insights for practitioners and policy makers on the need to view the board as a strategic resource in line with the resource dependency theory instead of viewing the board solely from agency theory perspective.
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Ansmann, Lena, Vera Vennedey, Hendrik Ansgar Hillen, Stephanie Stock, Ludwig Kuntz, Holger Pfaff, Russell Mannion, and Kira Isabel Hower. "Resource dependency and strategy in healthcare organizations during a time of scarce resources: evidence from the metropolitan area of cologne." Journal of Health Organization and Management 35, no. 9 (July 7, 2021): 211–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhom-12-2020-0478.
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PurposeHealthcare systems are under pressure to improve their performance, while at the same time facing severe resource constraints, particularly workforce shortages. By applying resource-dependency-theory (RDT), we explore how healthcare organizations in different settings perceive pressure arising from uncertain access to resources and examine organizational strategies they deploy to secure resources.Design/methodology/approachA cross-sectional survey of key decision-makers in different healthcare settings in the metropolitan area of Cologne, Germany, on perceptions of pressure arising from the environment and respective strategies was conducted. For comparisons between settings radar charts, Kruskal–Wallis test and Fisher–Yates test were applied. Additionally, correlation analyses were conducted.FindingsA sample of n = 237(13%) key informants participated and reported high pressure caused by bureaucracy, time constraints and recruiting qualified staff. Hospitals, inpatient and outpatient nursing care organizations felt most pressurized. As suggested by RDT, organizations in highly pressurized settings deployed the most vociferous strategies to secure resources, particularly in relation to personnel development.Originality/valueThis study is one of the few studies that focuses on the environment's impact on healthcare organizations across a variety of settings. RDT is a helpful theoretical foundation for understanding the environment's impact on organizational strategies. The substantial variations found between healthcare settings indicate that those settings potentially require specific strategies when seeking to address scarce resources and high demands. The results draw attention to the high level of pressure on healthcare organizations which presumably is passed down to managers, healthcare professionals, patients and relatives.
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JENSSEN, JAN INGE, and GEIR JØRGENSEN. "HOW DO CORPORATE CHAMPIONS PROMOTE INNOVATIONS?" International Journal of Innovation Management 08, no. 01 (March 2004): 63–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1363919604000964.
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The aim of this paper is to discuss which factors influence the impact of innovation champions on organisations. This is done by means of a systematic review of existing research. Many of the studies do not have a solid theoretical base. However, we find that resource dependency theory provides a theoretical framework in which innovation champions can be understood. We also show explicitly how other theories such as network theory, agency theory, and personal trait theory are needed in order to explain certain elements of the champions' behaviour. We propose an overall model, discuss theoretical and managerial implications of previous research, and suggest areas for future research.
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Helin, Ari Juhani, and Tomi Dahlberg. "Volume, benefits and factors that influence inter-municipal ICT cooperation in relation to ICT-related social services and healthcare services." Finnish Journal of eHealth and eWelfare 9, no. 4 (November 29, 2017): 299–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.23996/fjhw.61065.
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Information and communication technology (ICT) has become an integral part of the daily municipal administration, production and development of municipal services. Social services and health care account for ≥ 50% of municipal ICT expenditure. Municipalities operate and develop their ICT activities with limited ICT resources. This is an incentive for inter-municipal ICT cooperation. Four sets of secondary data are analysed in this article to evaluate how ICT cooperation is carried out in 20 Finnish municipal regions. Transaction cost economics (TCE), resource-based view (RBV), resource dependency theory (RDT) and the concepts of Granovetter’s social network theory are reviewed. The data are used to describe the expected and perceived economic and social benefits of inter-municipal ICT cooperation, and to understand the social connections that influence the execution of inter-municipal ICT cooperation. The data analysis revealed distinctive differences in the amount and forms of ICT cooperation, and regarding its governance. The results suggest that public organisations were able to benefit substantially from well-organised ICT cooperation. The characteristics of social networks were also found to relate to variations in the degree to which ICT cooperation was performed.
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Sa, Melissa Liow Li, and Yeow Kim Chai. "Managerial orientations and business performance in small and medium tourism accommodation businesses (SMTABs): A resource advantage-knowledge creation approach." International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation 21, no. 1 (November 21, 2018): 17–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1465750318809517.
Full textAbstract:
The use of the resource-advantage theory by businesses has come to be a standard tool for forging business advantage over the past 30 years. However, the benefits of managerial orientation and the knowledge creation process may be context-specific as opposed to being common worldwide. In contrast to large organizations, small- and medium-sized businesses have a higher dependency on their internal resources. This article discusses the situation of converting owner-managers’ entrepreneurial orientation and brand orientation into superior business performance (BP) using the resource advantage-knowledge creation approach. It is found that owner-managers of Malaysian small and medium tourism accommodation businesses (SMTABs) are entrepreneurial but less brand-orientated. Yet a better result would arise when entrepreneurship and brand orientation are integrated to encourage a knowledge creation process that directly influences BP. This article suggests that SMTAB owner-managers should make more effort in honing their managerial orientation. The findings of this study can only be generalized to developing nations.