Relevant bibliographies by topics / Resource allocation, modern networks

Academic literature on the topic 'Resource allocation, modern networks'

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Published: 10 March 2023
Last updated: 11 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Resource allocation, modern networks"

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Mathonsi, Topside E., Tshimangadzo Mavin Tshilongamulenzhe, and Bongisizwe Erasmus Buthelezi. "Enhanced Resource Allocation Algorithm for Heterogeneous Wireless Networks." Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 24, no. 6 (November 20, 2020): 763–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.2020.p0763.

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In heterogeneous wireless networks, service providers typically employ multiple radio access technologies to satisfy the requirements of quality of service (QoS) and improve the system performance. However, many challenges remain when using modern cellular mobile communications radio access technologies (e.g., wireless local area network, long-term evolution, and fifth generation), such as inefficient allocation and management of wireless network resources in heterogeneous wireless networks (HWNs). This problem is caused by the sharing of available resources by several users, random distribution of wireless channels, scarcity of wireless spectral resources, and dynamic behavior of generated traffic. Previously, resource allocation schemes have been proposed for HWNs. However, these schemes focus on resource allocation and management, whereas traffic class is not considered. Hence, these existing schemes significantly increase the end-to-end delay and packet loss, resulting in poor user QoS and network throughput in HWNs. Therefore, this study attempts to solve the identified problem by designing an enhanced resource allocation (ERA) algorithm to address the inefficient allocation of available resources vs. QoS challenges. Computer simulation was performed to evaluate the performance of the proposed ERA algorithm by comparing it with a joint power bandwidth allocation algorithm and a dynamic bandwidth allocation algorithm. On average, the proposed ERA algorithm demonstrates a 98.2% bandwidth allocation, 0.75 s end-to-end delay, 1.1% packet loss, and 98.9% improved throughput performance at a time interval of 100 s.
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Liu, Huiying, Bo Xi, Ying Wang, Yuling Guo, and Botao Hou. "Dynamic Channel Allocation Algorithm for Heterogeneous Cellular Networks in Power Communication." Journal of Nanoelectronics and Optoelectronics 17, no. 6 (June 1, 2022): 983–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jno.2022.3264.

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In order to solve the problems of low efficiency and high noise in the application of modern channel resource allocation methods, an anti-interference dynamic channel allocation algorithm for heterogeneous cellular networks in power communication is proposed. First, the heterogeneous cellular network model of power communication and the architecture of power multi-channel transmission platform are constructed. Then, according to the receiving and noise characteristics of communication resources, the anti-interference algorithm of power communication resources under multi-channel transmission is designed to obtain the communication index of power communication heterogeneous cellular network, and the anti-interference dynamic allocation algorithm of power communication heterogeneous cellular network resources is realized, Finally, the comparison method is used to prove the practicability of the method in this paper. The experimental results show that the average value of communication resources after interference suppression is 950 Mb, the average signal to noise ratio is 10.5 dB, and the resource allocation time is less than 3 min after 5000 iterations, which is superior to the comparison method. The method has good channel anti-interference ability and channel resource allocation efficiency, and has certain application value.
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Du, R. F., Y. J. Zhang, Y. G. Liu, S. H. Liu, F. Wang, X. Zhang, and J. C. Xie. "Application of water resource multi-objective allocation service based on digital water network." Water Supply 22, no. 3 (December 23, 2021): 2683–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2021.448.

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Abstract The rational allocation of water resources plays an important role in alleviating disparities between supply and demand in areas with water shortages. With the continuous development of modern information technology, the pace of digitization is accelerating. Digital water networks provide a means of technical support, and their application is becoming more extensive. Based on the traditional study of water resource allocation combined with the development of modern information technology, this paper proposes a new operational application model of multi-objective water resource allocation based on a digital water network and applies this model to allocate water resources in the Heihe River basin in Xi'an, Shaanxi Province. First, a topological digital water network is constructed based on the connectivity criterion of water systems, and a cooperative configuration model with social, economic and ecological objectives is established. Second, the model and its solution method are componentized, and the water resource allocation business system is constructed based on the comprehensive integration platform to integrate the digital water network and the water resource multi-objective allocation business. Finally, to verify the scientificity and feasibility of the new model, the new model was applied to allocate water resources in the Heihe River basin of Xi'an city, Shaanxi Province.
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Sun, Xiao. "Resource Allocation and Scheduling in Modern Cloud Computing." ACM SIGMETRICS Performance Evaluation Review 50, no. 3 (December 30, 2022): 32–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3579342.3579351.

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With various types of resources, infrastructures and users participating in the current big data ecosystem at an astonishing speed, resource allocation and scheduling has been identified as one of the key areas needing substantial research for the advancement of system performance.
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Gayathri, S., and R. Sabitha. "Resource Allocation in Downlink of LTE using Bandwidth Prediction Through Statistical Information." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 10, no. 2 (May 1, 2018): 680. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v10.i2.pp680-686.

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<span lang="EN-US">Long Term Evolution (LTE) is the technology used in modern third and fourth generation mobile wireless cellular networks. Due to the presence of large number of users, mobility and varying channel conditions, proper resource allocation is essential to provide a good user experience and improve the system throughput. In this paper, a resource allocation algorithm is implemented that will use the probabilistic models to predict the channel condition and allocate resources accordingly. Also, the algorithm will support QoS requirements. During the resource allocation, the channel quality information is collected and analyzed to predict the future channel conditions and resource allocation vectors are configured accordingly. The performance of the algorithm is analyzed based upon the data collected. The algorithm is able to provide a reasonable success rate for channel prediction. By using the resource allocation vectors and channel prediction, the algorithm performance also is improved considerably due to the lesser space and time complexity required.</span>
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Gao, Ying, Cong Liu, Qingtian Zeng, and Hua Duan. "Two Effective Strategies to Support Cross-Organization Emergency Resource Allocation Optimization." Mobile Information Systems 2021 (January 4, 2021): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/7965935.

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Cross-organization emergency resource allocation optimization problem is essential to guarantee a successful emergency disposal, and it has become a research focus of modern emergency management. Generally speaking, there are two possible types of resource allocation scenarios: (1) if the emergency resources are overallocated, on the one hand, parallel execution of independent emergency activities can be supported and the emergency disposal time is reduced; on the other hand, too many idle resources may cause low resource utilization rate, high scheduling overhead, and high cost; and (2) if emergency resources are underallocated, this may lead to resource conflicts and the need for some emergency activities to wait for others to complete, and finally the emergency disposal time may increase. Therefore, reasonable emergency resource allocation strategies are highly desired. To the best of our knowledge, there is no formal approach to support the cross-organization emergency resource allocation issue. To handle this problem, we propose a two-layered framework to facilitate the allocation of limited emergency resources to meet its time constraints with high efficiency. More specifically, a kind of Petri net extended with time, resource, and message information, denoted as CE-net, is presented to model cross-organization emergency response processes. Based on the obtained CE-net, the minimum resource requirements are obtained with corresponding algorithms. Then, Minimum Execution Time (MET) strategy and Minimum Resource Consumption (MRC) strategy with their corresponding estimated execution intervals are introduced to facilitate the stakeholder to determine which strategy is suitable according to the timing requirements. A cross-organization fire emergency case is applied to validate the proposed approaches throughout the whole paper.
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Olafsson, Sverrir. "Resource Allocation as an Evolving Strategy." Evolutionary Computation 4, no. 1 (March 1996): 33–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/evco.1996.4.1.33.

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The efficient utilization of resources is an issue of essential importance in modern network management. The emergence of increasingly complicated and continuously changing network services requires softer and fuzzier methods in network management. In this paper we demonstrate how evolutionary game theory can be used for an efficient allocation of service requirements onto an ensemble of heterogeneous network components. By incorporating differentiated pricing structures into a system utility function, network agents are encouraged to increase their usage of those components that are presently badly utilized. It is demonstrated how this approach can enhance network utilization significantly. Some new results regarding evolutionarily stable strategies in nonlinear evolutionary games are also reported.
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El-ghorab, Mahmoud Ahmed, Mohamed Rihan El-meligy, Mohamed Mostafa Ibrahim, and Fatma Newagy. "Energy-Efficient User Pairing for Downlink NOMA in Massive MIMO Networks." Applied Sciences 12, no. 11 (May 27, 2022): 5421. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12115421.

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The motivations for deploying energy and spectral-efficient network architectures are the high energy consumption and the need for more spectral resources in modern cellular networks. The key method to solve the energy efficiency EE maximization problem of the downlink non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA)-based massive MIMO system is to decouple it into user pairing and efficient power allocation problems. This work studies the performance of three main pairing methods in NOMA-based networks: Hungarian, Gale–Shapley, and correlation-based approaches. Firstly, we provide a mathematical analysis for EE of downlink NOMA in a massive MIMO system for the non-line of sight (NLoS) channel model with perfect successive interference cancellation (SIC). Finally, the sequential convex programming (SCP) approach is used to tackle the power allocation problem. Simulation results show that the Hungarian algorithm for pairing plus SCP for power allocation (Hungarian algorithm-SCP) achieves the highest energy efficiency among all the three pairing algorithms with an identical performance to joint user and resource block association with power allocation (joint user-RB PA) algorithm but with much lower computational complexity and outperforms the NOMA SCP greedy algorithm (NOMA-SCP-GA).
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Dechouniotis, Dimitrios, Nikolaos Athanasopoulos, Aris Leivadeas, Nathalie Mitton, Raphael Jungers, and Symeon Papavassiliou. "Edge Computing Resource Allocation for Dynamic Networks: The DRUID-NET Vision and Perspective." Sensors 20, no. 8 (April 13, 2020): 2191. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20082191.

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The potential offered by the abundance of sensors, actuators, and communications in the Internet of Things (IoT) era is hindered by the limited computational capacity of local nodes. Several key challenges should be addressed to optimally and jointly exploit the network, computing, and storage resources, guaranteeing at the same time feasibility for time-critical and mission-critical tasks. We propose the DRUID-NET framework to take upon these challenges by dynamically distributing resources when the demand is rapidly varying. It includes analytic dynamical modeling of the resources, offered workload, and networking environment, incorporating phenomena typically met in wireless communications and mobile edge computing, together with new estimators of time-varying profiles. Building on this framework, we aim to develop novel resource allocation mechanisms that explicitly include service differentiation and context-awareness, being capable of guaranteeing well-defined Quality of Service (QoS) metrics. DRUID-NET goes beyond the state of the art in the design of control algorithms by incorporating resource allocation mechanisms to the decision strategy itself. To achieve these breakthroughs, we combine tools from Automata and Graph theory, Machine Learning, Modern Control Theory, and Network Theory. DRUID-NET constitutes the first truly holistic, multidisciplinary approach that extends recent, albeit fragmented results from all aforementioned fields, thus bridging the gap between efforts of different communities.
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Skondras, Emmanouil, Emmanouel T. Michailidis, Angelos Michalas, Dimitrios J. Vergados, Nikolaos I. Miridakis, and Dimitrios D. Vergados. "A Network Slicing Framework for UAV-Aided Vehicular Networks." Drones 5, no. 3 (July 30, 2021): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/drones5030070.

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In a fifth generation (5G) vehicular network architecture, several point of access (PoA) types, including both road side units (RSUs) and aerial relay nodes (ARNs), can be leveraged to undertake the service of an increasing number of vehicular users. In such an architecture, the application of efficient resource allocation schemes is indispensable. In this direction, this paper describes a network slicing scheme for 5G vehicular networks that aims to optimize the performance of modern network services. The proposed architecture consists of ground RSUs and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) acting as ARNs enabling the communication between ground vehicular nodes and providing additional communication resources. Both RSUs and ARNs implement the LTE vehicle-to-everything (LTE-V2X) technology, while the position of each ARN is optimized by applying a fuzzy multi-attribute decision-making (fuzzy MADM) technique. With regard to the proposed network architecture, each RSU maintains a local virtual resource pool (LVRP) which contains local RBs (LRBs) and shared RBs (SRBs), while an SDN controller maintains a virtual resource pool (VRP), where the SRBs of the RSUs are stored. In addition, each ARN maintains its own resource blocks (RBs). For users connected to the RSUs, if the remaining RBs of the current RSU can satisfy the predefined threshold value, the LRBs of the RSU are allocated to user services. On the contrary, if the remaining RBs of the current RSU cannot satisfy the threshold, extra RBs from the VRP are allocated to user services. Similarly, for users connected to ARNs, the satisfaction grade of each user service is monitored considering both the QoS and the signal-to-noise plus interference (SINR) factors. If the satisfaction grade is higher than the predefined threshold value, the service requirements can be satisfied by the remaining RBs of the ARN. On the contrary, if the estimated satisfaction grade is lower than the predefined threshold value, the ARN borrows extra RBs from the LVRP of the corresponding RSU to achieve the required satisfaction grade. Performance evaluation shows that the suggested method optimizes the resource allocation and improves the performance of the offered services in terms of throughput, packet transfer delay, jitter and packet loss ratio, since the use of ARNs that obtain optimal positions improves the channel conditions observed from each vehicular user.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Resource allocation, modern networks"

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Nsoh, Stephen Atambire. "Resource allocation in WiMAX mesh networks." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Dept. of Mathematics and Computer Science, c2012, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/3371.

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The IEEE 802.16 standard popularly known as WiMAX is at the forefront of the technological drive. Achieving high system throughput in these networks is challenging due to interference which limits concurrent transmissions. In this thesis, we study routing and link scheduling inWiMAX mesh networks. We present simple joint routing and link scheduling algorithms that have outperformed most of the existing proposals in our experiments. Our session based routing and links scheduling produced results approximately 90% of a trivial lower bound. We also study the problem of quality of service (QoS) provisioning in WiMAX mesh networks. QoS has become an attractive area of study driven by the increasing demand for multimedia content delivered wirelessly. To accommodate the different applications, the IEEE 802.16 standard defines four classes of service. In this dissertation, we propose a comprehensive scheme consisting of routing, link scheduling, call admission control (CAC) and channel assignment that considers all classes of service. Much of the work in the literature considers each of these problems in isolation. Our routing schemes use a metric that combines interference and traffic load to compute routes for requests while our link scheduling ensures that the QoS requirements of admitted requests are strictly met. Results from our simulation indicate that our routing and link scheduling schemes significantly improve network performance when the network is congested.
ix, 77 leaves : ill. ; 29 cm
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Nagarajan, Krishnamurthy. "New resource allocation strategies based on statistical network traffic models." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/33437.

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Akkarajitsakul, Khajonpong. "Game theoretic models for multiple access and resource allocation in wireless networks." IEEE, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/8900.

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We first present a non-cooperative auction game to solve the bandwidth allocation problem for non-cooperative channel access in a wireless network. The Nash equilibrium is obtained as a solution of the game. To address this problem of bandwidth sharing under unknown information, we further develop a Bayesian auction game model and then Bayesian Nash equilibrium is then obtained. Next, we present a framework based on coalitional game for cooperative channel access for carry-and-forward-based data delivery. Each mobile node helps others to carry and then forward their data. A coalitional game is proposed to find a stable coalition structure for this cooperative data delivery. We next present static and dynamic coalitional games for carry-and-forward-based data delivery when the behavior of each mobile node is unknown by others. In the dynamic game, each mobile node can update its beliefs about other mobile nodes’ types when the static coalitional game is played repeatedly.
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El, Houmaidi Mounire. "RESOURCE ALLOCATION SCHEMES AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATION MODELS FOR WAVELENGTH DIVISION MULTIPLEXED OPTICAL NETWORKS." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2005. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4331.

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Wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) optical networks are rapidly becoming the technology of choice in network infrastructure and next-generation Internet architectures. WDM networks have the potential to provide unprecedented bandwidth, reduce processing cost, achieve protocol transparency, and enable efficient failure handling. This dissertation addresses the important issues of improving the performance and enhancing the reliability of WDM networks as well as modeling and evaluating the performance of these networks. Optical wavelength conversion is one of the emerging WDM enabling technologies that can significantly improve bandwidth utilization in optical networks. A new approach for the sparse placement of full wavelength converters based on the concept of the k-Dominating Set (k-DS) of a graph is presented. The k-DS approach is also extended to the case of limited conversion capability using three scalable and cost-effective switch designs: flexible node-sharing, strict node-sharing and static mapping. Compared to full search algorithms previously proposed in the literature, the K-DS approach has better blocking performance, has better time complexity and avoids the local minimum problem. The performance benefit of the K-DS approach is demonstrated by extensive simulation. Fiber delay line (FDL) is another emerging WDM technology that can be used to obtain limited optical buffering capability. A placement algorithm, k-WDS, for the sparse placement of FDLs at a set of selected nodes in Optical Burst Switching (OBS) networks is proposed. The algorithm can handle both uniform and non-uniform traffic patterns. Extensive performance tests have shown that k-WDS provides more efficient placement of optical fiber delay lines than the well-known approach of placing the resources at nodes with the highest experienced burst loss. Performance results that compare the benefit of using FDLs versus using optical wavelength converters (OWCs) are presented. A new algorithm, A-WDS, for the placement of an arbitrary numbers of FDLs and OWCs is introduced and is evaluated under different non-uniform traffic loads. This dissertation also introduces a new cost-effective optical switch design using FDL and a QoS-enhanced JET (just enough time) protocol suitable for optical burst switched WDM networks. The enhanced JET protocol allows classes of traffic to benefit from FDLs and OWCs while minimizing the end-to-end delay for high priority bursts. Performance evaluation models of WDM networks represent an important research area that has received increased attention. A new analytical model that captures link dependencies in all-optical WDM networks under uniform traffic is presented. The model enables the estimation of connection blocking probabilities more accurately than previously possible. The basic formula of the dependency between two links in this model reflects their degree of adjacency, the degree of connectivity of the nodes composing them and their carried traffic. The usefulness of the model is illustrated by applying it to the sparse wavelength converters placement problem in WDM networks. A lightpath containing converters is divided into smaller sub-paths such that each sub-path is a wavelength continuous path and the nodes shared between these sub-paths are full wavelength conversion capable. The blocking probability of the entire path is obtained by computing the blocking probabilities of the individual sub-paths. The analytical-based sparse placement algorithm is validated by comparing it with its simulation-based counterpart using a number of network topologies. Rapid recovery from failure and high levels of reliability are extremely important in WDM networks. A new Fault Tolerant Path Protection scheme, FTPP, for WDM mesh networks based on the alarming state of network nodes and links is introduced. The results of extensive simulation tests show that FTPP outperforms known path protection schemes in terms of loss of service ratio and network throughput. The simulation tests used a wide range of values for the load intensity, the failure arrival rate and the failure holding time. The FTPP scheme is next extended to the differentiated services model and its connection blocking performance is evaluated. Finally, a QoS-enhanced FTPP (QEFTPP) routing and path protection scheme in WDM networks is presented. QEFTPP uses preemption to minimize the connection blocking percentage for high priority traffic. Extensive simulation results have shown that QEFTPP achieves a clear QoS differentiation among the traffic classes and provides a good overall network performance.
Ph.D.
School of Computer Science
Engineering and Computer Science
Computer Science
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Rashid, Mohammad Mamunur. "Radio resource allocation in emerging broadband wireless access networks : some analytical models and their applications." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/23475.

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New generation wireless networks are designed not only to carry voice but also to support data-intensive and multimedia applications. Broadband wireless networks offer high bandwidth necessary to support these applications. However, without proper resource allocation schemes, increased bandwidth is not sufficient to meet diverse application quality of service (QoS) requirements. In designing or deploying a resource allocation scheme, it is crucial to understand the inter-relationship of the resource allocation scheme and important system parameters with resulting QoS performance. Analytical models provide an opportunity to derive these relationships in an accurate and readily verifiable way. In this thesis, we develop novel analytical models for radio resource allocation schemes in emerging broadband wireless access networks. These models are then adopted for in-depth analysis of QoS performance of the modeled schemes and in devising new solutions based on the models to either improve upon or complement those schemes. Our work primarily deals with Medium Access Control layer; however, in most of our contributions, we also consider cross-layer issues. First, we develop a queueing model for a downlink packet scheduling policy in IEEE 802.16e mobile broadband systems and propose a resource allocation framework based on this model. Compared to existing schemes, proposed framework offers a simple yet more effective way to provide QoS to a heterogeneous mix of applications. Second, we develop a cross-layer model for a prominent multiuser scheduling scheme in multi-antenna-based broadband cellular systems. It captures cross-layer effects of important parameters of the multi-antenna physical layer. The model output is shown to have important applications in QoS provisioning. Next, we perform queueing analysis of controlled channel access mechanism in IEEE 802.11e-based Wireless Local Area Networks. Using the insight gained, we propose a novel channel access scheduling mechanism that achieves very robust performance in meeting QoS guarantees. Finally, we focus on a promising new technology called Cognitive Radio (CR), which can greatly improve spectrum utilization in next generation broadband systems. We develop a queueing model to analyze the performance of an opportunistic spectrum access mechanism in CR networks. The model has important applications including cross-layer analysis and admission control in CR-based broadband networks.
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Nordai, Frederick Leon. "Balanced, capacitated, location-allocation problems on networks with a continuum of demand." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/54313.

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Location-allocation problems can be described generically as follows: Given the location or distribution (perhaps, probabilistic) of a set of customers and their associated demands for a given product or service, determine the optimum location of a number of service facilities and the allocation of products or services from facilities to customers, so as to minimize total (expected) location and transportation costs. This study is concerned with a particular subclass of location-allocation problems involving capacitated facilities and a continuum of demand. Specifically, two minisum, network-based location-allocation problems are analyzed in which facilities having known finite capacities are to be located so as to optimally supply/serve a known continuum of demand. The first problem considered herein, is an absolute p-median problem in which p > l capacitated facilities are to be located on a chain graph having both nodal and link demands, the latter of which are defined by nonnegative, integrable demand functions. In addition, the problem is balanced, in that it is assumed the total demand equals the total supply. An exact solution procedure is developed, wherein the optimality of a certain location-allocation scheme (for any given ordering of the facilities) is used to effect a branch and bound approach by which one can identify an optimal solution to the problem. Results from the chain graph analysis are then used to develop an algorithm with which one can solve a dynamic, sequential location-allocation problem in which a single facility per period is required to be located on the chain. Finally, an exact solution procedure is developed for locating a capacitated, absolute 2-median on a tree graph having both nodal and link demands and for which the total demand is again equal to the total supply. This procedure utilizes an algorithm to construct two subtrees, each of whose ends constitute a set of candidate optimal locations for one of the two elements of an absolute 2-median. Additional localization results are used to further reduce the number of candidate pairs (of ends) that need to be considered, and then a post-localization analysis provides efficient methods of comparing the relative costs of the remaining pairs.
Ph. D.
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Zabanoot, Zaid Ahmed Said. "Modelling and Analysis of Resource Management Schemes in Wireless Networks. Analytical Models and Performance Evaluation of Handoff Schemes and Resource Re-Allocation in Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Wireless Cellular Networks." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/5383.

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Over recent years, wireless communication systems have been experiencing a dramatic and continuous growth in the number of subscribers, thus placing extra demands on system capacity. At the same time, keeping Quality of Service (QoS) at an acceptable level is a critical concern and a challenge to the wireless network designer. In this sense, performance analysis must be the first step in designing or improving a network. Thus, powerful mathematical tools for analysing most of the performance metrics in the network are required. A good modelling and analysis of the wireless cellular networks will lead to a high level of QoS. In this thesis, different analytical models of various handoff schemes and resource re-allocation in homogeneous and heterogeneous wireless cellular networks are developed and investigated. The sustained increase in users and the request for advanced services are some of the key motivations for considering the designing of Hierarchical Cellular Networks (HCN). In this type of system, calls can be blocked in a microcell flow over to an overlay macrocell. Microcells in the HCN can be replaced by WLANs as this can provide high bandwidth and its users have limited mobility features. Efficient sharing of resources between wireless cellular networks and WLANs will improve the capacity as well as QoS metrics. This thesis first presents an analytical model for priority handoff mechanisms, where new calls and handoff calls are captured by two different traffic arrival processes, respectively. Using this analytical model, the optimised number of channels assigned to II handover calls, with the aim of minimising the drop probability under given network scenarios, has been investigated. Also, an analytical model of a network containing two cells has been developed to measure the different performance parameters for each of the cells in the network, as well as altogether as one network system. Secondly, a new solution is proposed to manage the bandwidth and re-allocate it in a proper way to maintain the QoS for all types of calls. Thirdly, performance models for microcells and macrocells in hierarchical cellular networks have been developed by using a combination of different handoff schemes. Finally, the microcell in HCN is replaced by WLANs and a prioritised vertical handoff scheme in an integrated UMTS/WLAN network has been developed. Simulation experiments have been conducted to validate the accuracy of these analytical models. The models have then been used to investigate the performance of the networks under different scenarios.
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HE, FUJUN. "Reliable Resource Allocation Models in Network Virtualization." Doctoral thesis, Kyoto University, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/259077.

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京都大学
0048
新制・課程博士
博士(情報学)
甲第22809号
情博第739号
新制||情||126(附属図書館)
京都大学大学院情報学研究科通信情報システム専攻
(主査)教授 大木 英司, 教授 守倉 正博, 教授 原田 博司
学位規則第4条第1項該当
Doctor of Informatics
Kyoto University
DFAM
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Shrinivas, V. Prasanna. "Pricing Multicast Network Services." Thesis, Indian Institute of Science, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2005/270.

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Multicast has long been considered an attractive service for the Internet for the provision of multiparty applications. For over a decade now multicast has been a proposed IETF standard. Though there is a strong industry push towards deploying multicast, there has been little multicast deployment by commercial Internet Service Providers (ISPs) and more importantly most end-users still lack multicast capabilities. Depending on the underlying network infrastructure, the ISP has several options of implementing his multicast capabilities. With significantly faster and more sophisticated protocols being designed and prototyped, it is expected that a whole new gamut of applications that are delay sensitive will come into being. However, the incentives to resolve the conflicting interests of the ISPs and the end-users have to be provided for successful implementation of these protocols. Thus we arrive at the following economic questions: What is the strategy that will enable the ISP recover his costs ? How can the end-user be made aware of the cost of his actions ? Naturally, the strategies of the ISP and the end-user depend on each other and form an economic game. The research problems addressed in this thesis are: A pricing model that is independent of the underlying transmission protocols is prefered. We have proposed such a pricing scheme for multicast independent of the underlying protocols, by introducing the concept of pricing points* These pricing points provide a range of prices that the users can expect during a particular time period and tune their usage accordingly. Our pricing scheme makes both the sender and receiver accountable. Our scheme also provides for catering to heterogeneous users and gives incentive for differential pricing. We explore a number of formulations of resource allocation problems arising in communication networks as optimization models. Optimization-based methods were only employed for unicast congestion control. We have extended this method for single rate multicast. We have also devised an optimization-based approach for multicast congestion control that finds an allocation rate to maximize the social welfare. Finally we also show that the session-splitting problem can also be cast as an optimization problem. The commonly used "max-min" fairness criteria suffers from serious limitations like discriminating sessions that traverse large number of links and poor network utilization. We provide an allocation scheme that reduces discrimination towards multicast sessions that traverse many links and also improves network utilization.
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Benincasa, Stefano. "Evolutionary Behavioral Economics: Essays on Adaptive Rationality in Complex Environments." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11572/268752.

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Against the theoretical background of evolutionary behavioral economics, this project analyzes bounded rationality and adaptive behaviour in organizational settings characterized by complexity and persistent uncertainty. In particular, drawing upon the standard NK model, two laboratory experiments investigate individual and collective decision-making in combinatorial problems of resource allocation featuring multiple dimensions and various levels of complexity. In the first study, investment horizons of different length are employed to induce a near or distant future temporal orientation, in order to assess the effects of complexity and time horizon on performance and search behaviour, examine the presence of a temporal midpoint heuristic, and inspect the moderating effects of deadline proximity on the performance-risk relationship. This is relevant for organizational science because the passage of time is essential to articulate many strategic practices, such as assessing progress, scheduling and coordinating task-related activities, discerning the processual dynamics of how these activities emerge, develop, and terminate, or interpreting retrospected, current, and anticipated events. A greater or lesser amount of time reflects then a greater or lesser provision of resources, thereby representing a constraint that can greatly affect the ability to maintain a competitive advantage or ensure organizational survival. In the second study, the accuracy of the imitative process is varied to induce a flawless or flawed information diffusion system and, congruently, an efficient or inefficient communication network, in order to assess the effects of complexity and parallel problem-solving on autonomous search behaviour, clarify the core drivers of imitative behaviour, control for the degree of strategic diversity under different communication networks, and evaluate individual as well as collective performance conditional to the interaction between the levels of complexity and the modalities of parallel problem-solving. This is relevant for organizational science because imitating the practices of high-performing actors is one of the key strategies employed by organizations to solve complex problems and improve their performance, thereby representing a major part of the competitive process. The project is intended to contribute grounding individual and collective behaviour in a more psychologically and socially informed decision-making, with a view to further the research agenda of behavioral strategy and sustain the paradigm shift towards an evolutionary-complexity approach to real economic structures.
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Books on the topic "Resource allocation, modern networks"

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Stańczak, Sławomir, Marcin Wiczanowski, and Holger Boche. Resource Allocation in Wireless Networks. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11818762.

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Gasior, Dariusz. Resource Allocation for Software Defined Networks. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-59098-7.

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Gao, Xiaozheng, Kai Yang, Dusit Niyato, and Shimin Gong. Resource Allocation in Backscatter-Assisted Communication Networks. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5127-4.

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Stanczak, Slawomir, Marcin Wiczanowski, and Holger Boche. Fundamentals of Resource Allocation in Wireless Networks. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-79386-1.

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Parsaeefard, Saeedeh, Ahmad Reza Sharafat, and Nader Mokari. Robust Resource Allocation in Future Wireless Networks. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50389-9.

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Wei, Li, and Pan Yi 1960-, eds. Resource allocation in next generation wireless networks. New York: Nova Science Publishers, 2005.

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Djukic, Petar. Optimum resource allocation in multipath ad hoc networks. Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 2003.

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Shajaiah, Haya, Ahmed Abdelhadi, and Charles Clancy. Resource Allocation with Carrier Aggregation in Cellular Networks. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60540-1.

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Marasevic, Jelena Rajko. Resource Allocation in Wireless Networks: Theory and Applications. [New York, N.Y.?]: [publisher not identified], 2016.

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Han, Zhu. Resource allocation for wireless networks: Basics, techniques, and applications. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2008.

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Book chapters on the topic "Resource allocation, modern networks"

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Wang, Shaowei. "Dynamic Resource Allocation." In Cognitive Radio Networks, 9–25. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08936-2_2.

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Kuang, Linling, Chunxiao Jiang, Yi Qian, and Jianhua Lu. "Multiple Access Resource Allocation." In Wireless Networks, 127–48. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61768-8_6.

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Chen, Chen, and Xiang Cheng. "Remarks on Resource Allocation." In Wireless Networks, 23–42. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-19392-8_3.

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Zhang, Yan. "Mobile Edge Computing for UAVs." In Simula SpringerBriefs on Computing, 65–80. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-83944-4_6.

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AbstractThis chapter studies mobile edge computing (MEC) networks assisted by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). According to the application scenarios, we consider three roles for UAVs in MEC networks: exploiting MEC computing capabilities, serving as a computing server, and serving as a relay for computation offloading. Furthermore, the details for resource allocation and optimization are presented in the three scenarios of UAV-assisted MEC networks. In addition, we focus on the situation in which a UAV not only functions as an MEC server to inspect turbines on a wind farm, but also performs task computation. To facilitate wide applications of UAV-assisted MEC in practice, this chapter highlights the main implementation issues of UAV-assisted MEC, including optimal UAV deployment, wind models, and joint trajectory–computation performance optimization.
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Chen, Chen, and Xiang Cheng. "Resource Allocation for OFDMA Systems." In Wireless Networks, 43–81. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-19392-8_4.

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Du, Jun, and Chunxiao Jiang. "Energy-Aware Computational Resource Allocation." In Wireless Networks, 307–45. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-7648-3_13.

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Du, Jun, and Chunxiao Jiang. "QoS-Aware Caching Resource Allocation." In Wireless Networks, 237–70. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-7648-3_11.

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Du, Jun, and Chunxiao Jiang. "QoS-Aware Computational Resource Allocation." In Wireless Networks, 199–235. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-7648-3_10.

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Du, Jun, and Chunxiao Jiang. "Priority-Aware Computational Resource Allocation." In Wireless Networks, 271–305. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-7648-3_12.

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Wang, Jingjing, and Chunxiao Jiang. "Cooperative Resource Allocation in FANET." In Wireless Networks, 121–95. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-8850-8_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Resource allocation, modern networks"

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Bouzinis, Pavlos S., Christos K. Vranas, Vasilis K. Papanikolaou, Panagiotis D. Diamantoulakis, Sotirios K. Goudos, and George K. Karagiannidis. "Pareto-Optimal Resource Allocation in Wireless Powered Networks." In 2020 9th International Conference on Modern Circuits and Systems Technologies (MOCAST). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mocast49295.2020.9200276.

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Suminoski, Tomislav, and Toni Janevski. "QoS analysis of resource allocation in wireless mesh networks." In TELSIKS 2009 - 2009 9th International Conference on Telecommunications in Modern Satellite, Cable, and Broadcasting Services. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/telsks.2009.5339393.

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Shokair, Ahmad, Youssef Nasser, Oussama Bazzi, Jean-Francois Helard, and Matthieu Crussiere. "Near optimal linear-service oriented resource allocation strategy for LTE networks." In 2017 9th International Congress on Ultra Modern Telecommunications and Control Systems and Workshops (ICUMT). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icumt.2017.8255162.

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Aspasia, Koukouvela, Bouras Christos, Kokkinos Vasileios, Gkamas Apostolos, and Pouyioutas Philippos. "A Game Theoretic Approach for Efficient Resource Allocation in 5G Networks." In 2022 14th International Congress on Ultra Modern Telecommunications and Control Systems and Workshops (ICUMT). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icumt57764.2022.9943431.

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Todinca, Doru, Dan Pescaru, and Mihaela Vitalariu. "OMNeT++ Models for Resource Allocation in Wireless Networks." In 1st International ICST Conference on Simulation Tools and Techniques for Communications, Networks and Systems. ICST, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/icst.simutools2008.3073.

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Asheralieva, Alia, Jamil Y. Khan, and Kaushik Mahata. "Dynamic resource allocation in a LTE/WLAN heterogeneous network." In 2012 IV International Congress on Ultra Modern Telecommunications and Control Systems and Workshops (ICUMT 2012). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icumt.2012.6459788.

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Sarigiannidis, Panagiotis, Georgios Papadimitriou, Petros Nicopolitidis, Emmanouel Varvarigos, Malamati Louta, and Vasiliki Kakali. "IFAISTOS: A fair and flexible resource allocation policy for next-generation passive optical networks." In 2014 6th International Congress on Ultra Modern Telecommunications and Control Systems and Workshops (ICUMT). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icumt.2014.7002071.

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Yevsieieva, Oksana, and Yevgen Ilyashenko. "Hierarchical approach to resource allocation in multitenant transport optical network." In 2016 13th International Conference on Modern Problems of Radio Engineering. Telecommunications and Computer Science (TCSET). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcset.2016.7452223.

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Luzgachev, Mikhail V., and Konstantin E. Samouylov. "The resource allocation problem in the design of virtual private networks with unicast and multicast connections." In 2010 International Congress on Ultra Modern Telecommunications and Control Systems and Workshops (ICUMT 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icumt.2010.5676516.

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Baromand, S., M. A. Nekouie, and K. Navaie. "A decentralized control strategy for joint resource allocation and routing in node-based wireless data networks." In 2012 IV International Congress on Ultra Modern Telecommunications and Control Systems and Workshops (ICUMT 2012). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icumt.2012.6459759.

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Reports on the topic "Resource allocation, modern networks"

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Kondi, Lisimachos P. Cross-Layer Resource Allocation for Wireless Visual Sensor Networks and Mobile Ad Hoc Networks. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada619869.

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Luo, Zhi-Quan. Complexity Analysis and Algorithms for Optimal Resource Allocation in Wireless Networks. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada579191.

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Gidas, Basilis, and Sumit Ghosh. Algorithms for Image Compression, Distributed Communication Networks and Distributed Resource Allocation. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada357863.

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Wolf, Shmuel, and William J. Lucas. Involvement of the TMV-MP in the Control of Carbon Metabolism and Partitioning in Transgenic Plants. United States Department of Agriculture, October 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1999.7570560.bard.

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The function of the 30-kilodalton movement protein (MP) of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) is to facilitate cell-to-cell movement of viral progeny in infected plants. Our earlier findings have indicated that this protein has a direct effect on plasmodesmal function. In addition, these studies demonstrated that constitutive expression of the TMV MP gene (under the control of the CaMV 35S promoter) in transgenic tobacco plants significantly affects carbon metabolism in source leaves and alters the biomass distribution between the various plant organs. The long-term goal of the proposed research was to better understand the factors controlling carbon translocation in plants. The specific objectives were: A) To introduce into tobacco and potato plants a virally-encoded (TMV-MP) gene that affects plasmodesmal functioning and photosynthate partitioning under tissue-specific promoters. B) To introduce into tobacco and potato plants the TMV-MP gene under the control of promoters which are tightly repressed by the Tn10-encoded Tet repressor, to enable the expression of the protein by external application of tetracycline. C) To explore the mechanism by which the TMV-MP interacts with the endogenous control o~ carbon allocation. Data obtained in our previous project together with the results of this current study established that the TMV-MP has pleiotropic effects when expressed in transgenic tobacco plants. In addition to its ability to increase the plasmodesmal size exclusion limit, it alters carbohydrate metabolism in source leaves and dry matter partitioning between the various plant organs, Expression of the TMV-MP in various tissues of transgenic potato plants indicated that sugars and starch levels in source leaves are reduced below those of control plants when the TMV-MP is expressed in green tissue only. However, when the TMV-MP was expressed predominantly in PP and CC, sugar and starch levels were raised above those of control plants. Perhaps the most significant result obtained from experiments performed on transgenic potato plants was the discovery that the influence of the TMV-MP on carbohydrate allocation within source leaves was under developmental control and was exerted only during tuber development. The complexity of the mode by which the TMV-MP exerts its effect on the process of carbohydrate allocation was further demonstrated when transgenic tobacco plants were subjected to environmental stresses such as drought stress and nutrients deficiencies, Collectively, these studies indicated that the influence of the TMV-MP on carbon allocation L the result of protein-protein interaction within the source tissue. Based on these results, together with the findings that plasmodesmata potentiate the cell-to-cell trafficking of viral and endogenous proteins and nucleoproteins complexes, we developed the theme that at the whole plant level, the phloem serves as an information superhighway. Such a long-distance communication system may utilize a new class of signaling molecules (proteins and/or RNA) to co-ordinate photosynthesis and carbon/nitrogen metabolism in source leaves with the complex growth requirements of the plant under the prevailing environmental conditions. The discovery that expression of viral MP in plants can induce precise changes in carbon metabolism and photoassimilate allocation, now provide a conceptual foundation for future studies aimed at elucidating the communication network responsible for integrating photosynthetic productivity with resource allocation at the whole-plant level. Such information will surely provide an understanding of how plants coordinate the essential physiological functions performed by distantly-separated organs. Identification of the proteins involved in mediating and controlling cell-to-cell transport, especially at the companion cell-sieve element boundary, will provide an important first step towards achieving this goal.
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Pulugurtha, Srinivas S., Sarvani Duvvuri, and Sonu Mathew. Risk Factors Associated with Crash Injury Severity Involving Trucks. Mineta Transportation Institute, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2022.2117.

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Nearly 499,000 motor vehicle crashes involving trucks were reported across the United States in 2018, out of which 22% resulted in fatalities and injuries. Given the growing economy and demand for trucking in the future, it is crucial to identify the risk factors to understand where, when, and why the likelihood of getting involved in a severe or moderate injury crash with a truck is higher. This research, therefore, focuses on capturing and exploring risk factors associated with surrounding land use and demographic characteristics in addition to crash, driver, and on-network characteristics by modeling injury severity of crashes involving trucks. Crash data for Mecklenburg County in North Carolina from 2013 to 2017 was used to develop partial proportionality odds model and identify risk factors influencing injury severity of crashes involving trucks. The findings from this research indicate that dark lighting condition, inclement weather condition, the presence of double yellow or no-passing zone, road sections with speed limit >40 mph and curves, and driver fatigue, impairment, and inattention have a significant influence on injury severity of crashes involving trucks. These outcomes indicate the need for effective geometric design and improved visibility to reduce the injury severity of crashes involving trucks. The likelihood of getting involved in a crash with a truck is also high in areas with high employment, government, light commercial, and light industrial land uses. The findings can be used to proactively plan and prioritize the allocation of resources to improve safety of transportation system users in these areas.
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Desai, Jairaj, Jijo K. Mathew, Woosung Kim, Mingmin Liu, Howell Li, Jeffrey D. Brooks, and Darcy M. Bullock. Dashboards for Real-time Monitoring of Winter Operations Activities and After-action Assessment. Purdue University, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317252.

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The Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT) operates a fleet of nearly 1100 snowplows and spends up to $60M annually on snow removal and de-icing as part of their winter operation maintenance activities. Systematically allocating resources and optimizing material application rates can potentially save revenue that can be reallocated for other roadway maintenance operations. Modern snowplows are beginning to be equipped with a variety of Mobile Road Weather Information Sensors (MARWIS) which can provide a host of analytical data characterizing on-the-ground conditions during periods of wintry precipitation. Traffic speeds fused with road conditions and precipitation data from weather stations provide a uniquely detailed look at the progression of a winter event and the performance of the fleet. This research uses a combination of traffic speeds, MARWIS and North American Land Data Assimilation System (NLDAS) data to develop real-time dashboards characterizing the impact of precipitation and pavement surface temperature on mobility. Twenty heavy snow events were identified for the state of Indiana from November 2018 through April 2019. Two particular instances, that impacted 182 miles and 231 miles of interstate at their peaks occurred in January and March, respectively, and were used as a case study for this paper. The dashboards proposed in this paper may prove to be particularly useful for agencies in tracking fleet activity through a winter storm, helping in resource allocation and scheduling and forecasting resource needs.
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Lazonick, William. Investing in Innovation: A Policy Framework for Attaining Sustainable Prosperity in the United States. Institute for New Economic Thinking Working Paper Series, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36687/inetwp182.

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“Sustainable prosperity” denotes an economy that generates stable and equitable growth for a large and growing middle class. From the 1940s into the 1970s, the United States appeared to be on a trajectory of sustainable prosperity, especially for white-male members of the U.S. labor force. Since the 1980s, however, an increasing proportion of the U.S labor force has experienced unstable employment and inequitable income, while growing numbers of the business firms upon which they rely for employment have generated anemic productivity growth. Stable and equitable growth requires innovative enterprise. The essence of innovative enterprise is investment in productive capabilities that can generate higher-quality, lower-cost goods and services than those previously available. The innovative enterprise tends to be a business firm—a unit of strategic control that, by selling products, must make profits over time to survive. In a modern society, however, business firms are not alone in making investments in the productive capabilities required to generate innovative goods and services. Household units and government agencies also make investments in productive capabilities upon which business firms rely for their own investment activities. When they work in a harmonious fashion, these three types of organizations—household units, government agencies, and business firms—constitute “the investment triad.” The Biden administration’s Build Back Better agenda to restore sustainable prosperity in the United States focuses on investment in productive capabilities by two of the three types of organizations in the triad: government agencies, implementing the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, and household units, implementing the yet-to-be-passed American Families Act. Absent, however, is a policy agenda to encourage and enable investment in innovation by business firms. This gaping lacuna is particularly problematic because many of the largest industrial corporations in the United States place a far higher priority on distributing the contents of the corporate treasury to shareholders in the form of cash dividends and stock buybacks for the sake of higher stock yields than on investing in the productive capabilities of their workforces for the sake of innovation. Based on analyzes of the “financialization” of major U.S. business corporations, I argue that, unless Build Back Better includes an effective policy agenda to encourage and enable corporate investment in innovation, the Biden administration’s program for attaining stable and equitable growth will fail. Drawing on the experience of the U.S. economy over the past seven decades, I summarize how the United States moved toward stable and equitable growth from the late 1940s through the 1970s under a “retain-and-reinvest” resource-allocation regime at major U.S. business firms. Companies retained a substantial portion of their profits to reinvest in productive capabilities, including those of career employees. In contrast, since the early 1980s, under a “downsize-and-distribute” corporate resource-allocation regime, unstable employment, inequitable income, and sagging productivity have characterized the U.S. economy. In transition from retain-and-reinvest to downsize-and-distribute, many of the largest, most powerful corporations have adopted a “dominate-and-distribute” resource-allocation regime: Based on the innovative capabilities that they have previously developed, these companies dominate market segments of their industries but prioritize shareholders in corporate resource allocation. The practice of open-market share repurchases—aka stock buybacks—at major U.S. business corporations has been central to the dominate-and-distribute and downsize-and-distribute regimes. Since the mid-1980s, stock buybacks have become the prime mode for the legalized looting of the business corporation. I call this looting process “predatory value extraction” and contend that it is the fundamental cause of the increasing concentration of income among the richest household units and the erosion of middle-class employment opportunities for most other Americans. I conclude the paper by outlining a policy framework that could stop the looting of the business corporation and put in place social institutions that support sustainable prosperity. The agenda includes a ban on stock buybacks done as open-market repurchases, radical changes in incentives for senior corporate executives, representation of workers and taxpayers as directors on corporate boards, reform of the tax system to reward innovation and penalize financialization, and, guided by the investment-triad framework, government programs to support “collective and cumulative careers” of members of the U.S. labor force. Sustained investment in human capabilities by the investment triad, including business firms, would make it possible for an ever-increasing portion of the U.S. labor force to engage in the productive careers that underpin upward socioeconomic mobility, which would be manifested by a growing, robust, and hopeful American middle class.
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Bénin: Target men to increase use of health services. Population Council, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh2001.1001.

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After initiating health sector reforms in 1994, the Bénin government established the Integrated Family Health Project, known as PROSAF. Funded by the U.S. Agency for International Development, PROSAF operates in the Borgou region, which is mostly rural and has the country’s most severe health problems. PROSAF managers wanted to understand why local people were not using health services, despite their poor health. As noted in this brief, managers requested that the African Population and Health Research Centre (APHRC) study the way households and communities make decisions on health care. In a study conducted in 2000 with support from the Population Council, APHRC identified sociocultural factors that might impede access to health care in the region and recommended approaches to overcome these obstacles. Study findings included that adult men make unilateral decisions in household resource allocation and health care; people prefer alternative health care, mainly traditional healers or self-medication, because of their low cost; use of modern medicine tends to occur as a last resort, and only when symptoms are advanced; communication about FP is limited, both between husbands and wives and between parents and children.
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Financial Stability Report - Second Semester of 2021. Banco de la República, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/rept-estab-fin.sem2.eng-2021.

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Banco de la República’s main objective is to preserve the purchasing power of the currency in coordination with the general economic policy that is intended to stabilize output and employment at long-term sustainable levels. Properly meeting the goal assigned to the Bank by the 1991 Constitution critically depends on preserving financial stability. This is understood to be a general condition in which the financial system assesses and manages the financial risks in a way that facilitates the economy’s performance and efficient allocation of resources while, at the same time, it is able to, on its own, absorb, dissipate, and mitigate the shocks that may arise as a result of adverse events. This Financial Stability Report meets the goal of giving Banco de la República’s diagnosis of the financial system’s and its debtors’ recent performance as well as of the main risks and vulnerabilities that could affect the stability of the Colombian economy. In this way, participants in financial markets and the public are being informed, and public debate on trends and risks affecting the system is being encouraged. The results presented here also serve the monetary authority as a basis for making decisions that will enhance financial stability in the general context of its objectives. In recent months, several positive aspects of the financial system have preserved a remarkable degree of continuity and stability: the liquidity and capital adequacy of financial institutions have remained well above the regulatory minimums at both the individual and consolidated levels, the coverage of past-due loans by loan-loss provisions remains high, and the financial markets for public and private debt and stocks have continued to function normally. At the same time, a surge in all the types of loan portfolios, a sharp downturn in the non-performing loan portfolio, and a rise in the profitability of credit institutions can be seen for the first time since the beginning of the pandemic. In line with the general recovery of the economy, the main vulnerability to the stability of the Colombian financial system identified in the previous edition—uncertainty about changes in the non-performing loans portfolio—has receded and remains on a downward trend. In this edition, the main source of vulnerability identified for financial stability in the short term is the system’s exposure to sudden changes in international financial conditions; the results presented in this Report indicate that the system is sufficiently resilient to such scenarios. In compliance with its constitutional objectives and in coordination with the financial system’s security network, Banco de la República will continue to closely monitor the outlook for financial stability at this juncture and will make the decisions necessary to ensure the proper functioning of the economy, facilitate the flow of sufficient credit and liquidity resources, and further the smooth functioning of the payment system. Leonardo Villar Gomez Governor Box 1 -Decomposition of the Net Interest Margin in Colombia and Chile Wilmar Cabrera Daniela Rodríguez-Novoa Box 2 - Spatial Analysis of New Home Prices in Bogota, Medellín, and Cali Using a Geostatistical Approach María Fernanda Meneses Camilo Eduardo Sánchez Box 3 - Interest Rate Model for the SYSMO Stress Test Exercise Wilmar Cabrera Diego Cuesta Santiago Gamba Camilo Gómez Box 4 - The Transition from LIBOR and other International Benchmark Rates Daniela X. Gualtero Briceño Javier E. Pirateque Niño
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