Journal articles: 'Resonance searches'

1

Sanchez Martinez, Victoria. "ATLAS tt‾ Resonance Searches." Nuclear and Particle Physics Proceedings 273-275 (April 2016): 2814–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2015.10.073.

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Kim, DongHee. "Non-Resonance Searches with Lepton." EPJ Web of Conferences 49 (2013): 05002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/20134905002.

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Kermiche, S. "Heavy resonance searches at tevatron." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 110, no. 7 (May 1, 2008): 072021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/110/7/072021.

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4

Fowlie, A. "Bayesian and frequentist approaches to resonance searches." Journal of Instrumentation 14, no. 10 (October 22, 2019): P10031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/14/10/p10031.

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Aarrestad, Thea. "Searching for diboson resonances in the boosted all-hadronic final state at s = 13 TeV with CMS." Modern Physics Letters A 35, no. 32 (July 17, 2020): 2030014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732320300141.

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This article summarizes three searches for diboson resonances in the all-hadronic final state using data collected at a center-of-mass energy of [Formula: see text] = 13 TeV with the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC. The boson decay products are contained in one large-radius jet, resulting in dijet final states which are resolved using jet substructure techniques. The analyses presented use 2.3 fb[Formula: see text], 35.9 fb[Formula: see text] and 77.3 fb[Formula: see text] of data collected between 2015 and 2017. These include the first search for diboson resonances in data collected at a 13 TeV collision energy, the introduction of a new algorithm to tag vector bosons in the context of analyzing the data collected in 2016, and the development of a novel multidimensional fit improving on the sensitivity of the previous search method with up to 30%. The results presented here are the most sensitive to date of all diboson resonance searches in the dijet final state. An emphasis on improvements in technique for vector boson tagging is made.

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NAKANO, TAKASHI, and KENNETH HICKS. "DISCOVERY OF THE STRANGENESS S=+1 PENTAQUARK." Modern Physics Letters A 19, no. 09 (March 21, 2004): 645–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732304013477.

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The theoretical motivation to look for S=+1 resonances is introduced and searches for such states in the literature are reviewed. The motivation for the recent pentaquark searches is discussed and the experimental details are described for several positive results of the S=+1 resonance with a mass of approximately 1.54 GeV, now called the Θ+. Finally, some new theoretical proposals to explain the recent experimental results are briefly mentioned, followed by a short discussion of future experimental prospects to learn more about pentaquark states.

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Bian, Ligong, Da Liu, Jing Shu, and Yongchao Zhang. "Interference effect on resonance studies in searches of heavy particles." International Journal of Modern Physics A 31, no. 14n15 (May 26, 2016): 1650083. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x16500834.

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The interference between resonance signal and continuum background can be either constructive or destructive, depending on the relative sign of couplings between the signal and background amplitudes. Different interference schemes lead to asymmetric distortions of the resonance line shape, which could be distinguished in experiments, when the internal resonance width is larger than the detector resolution. Interpreting the ATLAS diboson excesses by means of a toy [Formula: see text] model as an illustrative example (though it is disfavored by the 13 TeV data), we find that the signs of resonance couplings can only be revealed in the line shape measurements up to a high confidence level at a high luminosity, which could bring us further information on the underlying theory beyond resonance searches at future lepton and hadron colliders.

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Silagadze, Z. K. "Schumann resonance transients and the search for gravitational waves." Modern Physics Letters A 33, no. 05 (February 20, 2018): 1850023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732318500232.

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Schumann resonance transients which propagate around the globe can potentially generate a correlated background in widely separated gravitational-wave detectors. We show that due to the distribution of lightning hotspots around the globe, these transients have characteristic time lags, and this feature can be useful to further suppress such a background, especially in searches of the stochastic gravitational-wave background. A brief review of the corresponding literature on Schumann resonances and lightnings is also given.

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Bukhari, Masroor H. S., and Zahoor H. Shah. "An Experiment and Detection Scheme for Cavity-Based Light Cold Dark Matter Particle Searches." Advances in High Energy Physics 2017 (2017): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/6432354.

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A resonance detection scheme and some useful ideas for cavity-based searches of light cold dark matter particles (such as axions) are presented, as an effort to aid in the on-going endeavors in this direction as well as for future experiments, especially in possibly developing a table-top experiment. The scheme is based on our idea of a resonant detector, incorporating an integrated tunnel diode (TD) and GaAs HEMT/HFET (High-Electron Mobility Transistor/Heterogeneous FET) transistor amplifier, weakly coupled to a cavity in a strong transverse magnetic field. The TD-amplifier combination is suggested as a sensitive and simple technique to facilitate resonance detection within the cavity while maintaining excellent noise performance, whereas our proposed Halbach magnet array could serve as a low-noise and permanent solution replacing the conventional electromagnets scheme. We present some preliminary test results which demonstrate resonance detection from simulated test signals in a small optimal axion mass range with superior signal-to-noise ratios (SNR). Our suggested design also contains an overview of a simpler on-resonance dc signal read-out scheme replacing the complicated heterodyne read-out. We believe that all these factors and our propositions could possibly improve or at least simplify the resonance detection and read-out in cavity-based DM particle detection searches (and other spectroscopy applications) and reduce the complications (and associated costs), in addition to reducing the electromagnetic interference and background.

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HAYS, CHRISTOPHER, ASHUTOSH KOTWAL, and OLIVER STELZER-CHILTON. "NEW TECHNIQUES IN THE SEARCH FOR Z′ BOSONS AND OTHER NEUTRAL RESONANCES." Modern Physics Letters A 24, no. 30 (September 28, 2009): 2387–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021773230903179x.

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The search for neutral resonances at the energy frontier has a long and illustrious history, resulting in multiple discoveries. The canonical search scans the reconstructed invariant mass distribution of identified fermion pairs. Two recent analyses from the CDF experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron have applied novel methods to resonance searches. One analysis uses simulated templates to fit the inverse mass distribution of muon pairs, a quantity with approximately constant resolution for momenta measured with a tracking detector. The other analysis measures the angular distribution of electron pairs as a function of dielectron mass, gaining sensitivity over a probe of the mass spectrum alone. After reviewing several models that predict new neutral resonances, we discuss these CDF analyses and potential future applications.

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Aslanyan, P. Zh, V. N. Emelyanenko, and G. G. Rikhvitzkaya. "Exotic, narrow, resonance searches in ΛK S 0 systems." Physics of Particles and Nuclei Letters 3, no. 5 (October 2006): 331–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1547477106050098.

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12

Jones, J. A. "QUANTUM COMPUTING: Fast Searches with Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Computers." Science 280, no. 5361 (April 10, 1998): 229. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.280.5361.229.

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13

Fujimoto, Hiroki, Yuka Oshima, Masaki Ando, Tomohiro Fujita, Yuta Michimura, Koji Nagano, and Ippei Obata. "Dark matter Axion search with riNg Cavity Experiment DANCE: Design and development of auxiliary cavity for simultaneous resonance of linear polarizations." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2156, no. 1 (December 1, 2021): 012182. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2156/1/012182.

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Abstract Axion-like particles (ALPs) are undiscovered pseudo-scalar particles that are candidates for ultralight dark matter. ALPs interact with photons slightly and cause the rotational oscillation of linearly polarized light. Dark matter Axion search with riNg Cavity Experiment (DANCE) searches for ALP dark matter by amplifying the rotational oscillation with a bow-tie ring cavity. Simultaneous resonance of linear polarizations is necessary to amplify both the carrier field and the ALP signal, and to achieve the design sensitivity. The sensitivity of the current prototype experiment DANCE Act-1 is less than expectation by around three orders of magnitude due to the resonant frequency difference between s- and p-polarization in the bow-tie ring cavity. In order to tune the resonant frequency difference, the method of introducing an auxiliary cavity was proposed. We designed an auxiliary cavity that can cancel out the resonant frequency difference and realize simultaneous resonance, considering optical loss. We also confirmed that the sensitivity of DANCE Act-1 with the auxiliary cavity can reach the original sensitivity.

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14

HARRIS, ROBERT M., and KONSTANTINOS KOUSOURIS. "SEARCHES FOR DIJET RESONANCES AT HADRON COLLIDERS." International Journal of Modern Physics A 26, no. 30n31 (December 20, 2011): 5005–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x11054905.

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We review the experimental searches for new particles in the dijet mass spectrum conducted at the CERN [Formula: see text], the Fermilab Tevatron Collider, and the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The theory of the QCD background and new particle signals is reviewed, with emphasis on the choices made by the experiments to model the background and signal. The experimental techniques, data, and results of dijet resonance searches at hadron colliders over the last quarter century are described and compared. Model independent and model specific limits on new particles decaying to dijets are reviewed, and a detailed comparison is made of the recently published limits from the ATLAS and CMS experiments.

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Carragher, Ethan, Daniel Murnane, Peter Stangl, Wei Su, Martin White, and Anthony G. Williams. "Minimal 4D Composite Higgs Models Under Current LHC Constraints." EPJ Web of Conferences 245 (2020): 06006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202024506006.

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We present preliminary results of the first convergent global fits of several minimal composite Higgs models. Our fits are performed using the differential evolution optimisation package Diver. A variety of physical constraints are taken into account, including a wide range of exclusion bounds on heavy resonance production from Run 2 of the LHC. As a by-product of the fits, we analyse the collider phenomenology of the lightest new up-type and downtype resonances in the viable regions of our models, finding some low-mass resonances that can be probed in future collider searches.

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Alikhanov, I. "Probing the Glashow resonance at electron–positron colliders." Modern Physics Letters A 35, no. 13 (February 28, 2020): 2050101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732320501011.

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The Glashow resonance is a rapid enhancement of the cross-section for scattering of electron antineutrinos on electrons at the [Formula: see text] boson production threshold due to the [Formula: see text]-channel contribution. This resonance is being searched for at large volume neutrino detectors in which the reaction [Formula: see text] to be initiated by cosmic ray antineutrinos of energies about 6.3 PeV. The relatively small neutrino flux reaching the Earth together with the necessity of analyzing ultra-high-energy final states make such searches challenging. We argue here that the Glashow resonance may contribute to the process [Formula: see text]. By extending the method of the effective (equivalent) particles to the neutral leptons, we relate the distribution of the effective neutrinos in the electron to the total cross-section for [Formula: see text]. Our approach gives a good fit to the existing experimental data measured at the collider LEP at CERN and allows one to interpret these measurements as an observation of the Glashow resonance. We also discuss an advantage of future electron–positron colliders for probing the resonance.

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17

Ozturk, Sertac. "Identification of Parton Pairs in a Dijet Event and Investigation of Its Effects on Dijet Resonance Search." Advances in High Energy Physics 2014 (2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/719216.

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Being able to distinguish parton pair type in a dijet event could significantly improve the search for new particles that are predicted by the theories beyond the Standard Model at the Large Hadron Collider. To explore whether parton pair types manifesting themselves as a dijet event could be distinguished on an event-by-event basis, I performed a simulation based study considering observable jet variables. I found that using a multivariate approach can filter out about 80% of the other parton pairs while keeping more than half of the quark-quark or gluon-gluon parton pairs in an inclusive QCD dijet distribution. The effects of event-by-event parton pair tagging for dijet resonance searches were also investigated and I found that improvement on signal significance after applying parton pair tagging can reach up to 4 times for gluon-gluon resonances.

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ALDERWEIRELD, THOMAS. "SEARCH FOR CHARGINOS AND NEUTRALINOS WITH THE DELPHI DETECTOR AT LEP." International Journal of Modern Physics A 16, supp01b (September 2001): 775–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x01008060.

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Search for charginos and neutralinos are presented, based on the data samples recorded in 1999 and 2000 by the DELPHI detector at centre-of-mass energies from 192 to 209 GeV. No evidence for a signal was found. The lower chargino mass limits are 5-6 GeV /c2 higher than those obtained at a centre-of-mass energy of 189 GeV. The (μ, M 2) MSSM domain excluded by combining the chargino searches with neutralino searches at the Z resonance implies a limit on the mass of the lightest neutralino which, for a heavy sneutrino, is constrained to be above 37.6 GeV /c2 for tan β≥1. Upper limit at 95% CL on the neutralino production cross-section times branching fraction are derived.

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Knospe, Anders G. "Resonance Production in Heavy-Ion Collisions." EPJ Web of Conferences 171 (2018): 09001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201817109001.

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Hadronic resonances are unique probes that allow the properties of heavyion collisions to be studied. Topics that can be studied include modification of spectral shapes, in-medium energy loss of parsons, vector-meson spin alignment, hydrodynamic flow, recombination, strangeness production, and the properties of the hadronic phase. Measurements of resonances in p+p, p+A, and d+A collisions serve as baselines for heavy-ion studies and also permit searches for possible collective effects in these smaller systems. These proceedings present a selection of results related to these topics from experiments at RHIC, LHC, and other facilities, as well as comparisons to theoretical models.

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Folgado, Miguel G., and Veronica Sanz. "On the Interpretation of Nonresonant Phenomena at Colliders." Advances in High Energy Physics 2021 (March 16, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/2573471.

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With null results in resonance searches at the LHC, the physics potential focus is now shifting towards the interpretation of nonresonant phenomena. An example of such shift is the increased popularity of the EFT programme. We can embark on such programme owing to the good integrated luminosity and an excellent understanding of the detectors, which will allow these searches to become more intense as the LHC continues. In this paper, we provide a framework to perform this interpretation in terms of a diverse set of scenarios, including (1) generic heavy new physics described at low energies in terms of a derivative expansion, such as in the EFT approach; (2) very light particles with derivative couplings, such as axions or other light pseudo-Goldstone bosons; and (3) the effect of a quasicontinuum of resonances, which can come from a number of strongly coupled theories, extradimensional models, clockwork set-ups, and their deconstructed cousins. These scenarios are not equivalent despite all nonresonance, although the matching among some of them is possible, and we provide it in this paper.

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Yeletskikh, I. V., and V. A. Bednyakov. "Results of searches for Dubna resonance Z* in dimuon channel in ATLAS data." Physics of Particles and Nuclei Letters 12, no. 1 (January 2015): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1547477115010057.

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Eugenio, Paul. "MESONS IN PHOTOPRODUCTION." International Journal of Modern Physics A 18, no. 03 (January 30, 2003): 487–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x0301440x.

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In this contribution I touch upon the motivations for gluonic hybrid meson searches via photoproduction. Details are given on the benefits of linear polarization and its advantages in identifying resonance parameters, and how these advantages can be exploited to provide insight on the production mechanism.

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Levchenko, B. B. "Kinematic Selection Criteria in the Search for Resonances." Advances in High Energy Physics 2012 (2012): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/502179.

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In this paper, we discuss some general features of two-body decay kinematics and derive a new set of equations describing boundaries of the physical region in decays. These features via a graphical representation and implementation of selection criteria provide an efficient tool for the background suppression in experimental searches for conventional and exotic (pentaquark, etc.) resonance states.

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Minagawa, Yuichi, Mari Ohashi, Yoshinori Kagawa, Arata Urimoto, and Hiroshi Ishida. "Compact Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor for Underwater Chemical Sensing Robot." Journal of Sensors 2017 (2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/9846780.

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This paper reports on the development of compact surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensors for mobile robot olfaction. Underwater robots benefit from olfactory sensing capabilities in various tasks including the search for unexploded ordnance and undersea wreckage. Although the SPR-based chemical sensor is a promising sensing platform, the cumbersome optical setup has been limiting its use on mobile robots. The proposed sensor employs a periodic metal structure formed on a self-assembled layer of polystyrene particles of 200 nm in diameter. With the grating of this size, SPR can be excited even with a simple LED light source. The change in the absorbance is simply measured using a photodiode. Demonstration of the proposed SPR sensor is provided by mounting the sensors on an underwater crayfish robot that autonomously searches for a chemical source. The fabricated sensor shows linear response to ascorbic acid for a concentration range from 20 to 80 mM. Responses of the bare and thiol-coated gold nanostructure to different chemical substances are presented to show the change in the selectivity of the sensor by the coating. Discussions are made on the importance of sample collection for the sensor to attain sensitive chemical detection on a mobile robot.

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Dowdell, James, Robert Brochin, Jun Kim, Samuel Overley, Jonathan Oren, Brett Freedman, and Samuel Cho. "Postoperative Spine Infection: Diagnosis and Management." Global Spine Journal 8, no. 4_suppl (December 2018): 37S—43S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2192568217745512.

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Study Design: Review article. Objectives: A review of the literature on postoperative spinal infections, their diagnosis, and management. Methods: A systematic computerized Medline literature search was performed using PubMed, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and EMBASE. The electronic databases were searched for publication dates from the last 10 years. The searches were performed from Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) used by the National Library of Medicine. Specifically, MeSH terms “spine,” “infections,” “management,” and “diagnosis” were used. Results: Currently, the gold standard for diagnosis of postoperative spine infection is positive deep wound culture. Many of the current radiologic and laboratory tests can assist with the initial diagnosis and monitoring treatment response. Currently erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, computed tomography scan, and magnetic resonance imaging with and without contrast are used in combination to establish diagnosis. Management of postoperative spine infection involves thorough surgical debridement and targeted antibiotic therapy. Conclusions: Postoperative spine infection is a not uncommon complication following surgery that may have devastating consequences for a patient’s short- and long-term health. A high index of suspicion is needed to make an early diagnosis.

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Bian, Ligong, Ning Chen, and Yun Jiang. "Higgs pair production in the CP-violating two-Higgs-doublet model." International Journal of Modern Physics A 32, no. 34 (December 10, 2017): 1746002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x17460022.

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The SM-like Higgs pair production is discussed in the framework of the general CP-violating two-Higgs-doublet model, where we find that the CP-violating mixing angles can be related to the Higgs self-couplings. Therefore, the future experimental searches for Higgs boson pairs can be constrained by the improved precision of the electric dipole moment measurements. Based on a series of constraints of the SM-like Higgs boson signal fits, the perturbative unitarity and stability bounds to the Higgs potential, and the most recent LHC searches for heavy Higgs bosons, we suggest a set of benchmark models for the future high-energy collider searches for Higgs pair production. The [Formula: see text] colliders operating at [Formula: see text] are capable of measuring the Higgs cubic self-couplings of the benchmark models directly. We also estimate the cross sections of the resonance contributions to the Higgs pair productions for the benchmark models at the future LHC and SppC/FCC-hh runs.

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Zhang, Cheng Liang, Guang Yang, and Zhi Qiang Tong. "The Two-Level Method and its Application in Dynamic Optimization of a Truss." Advanced Materials Research 816-817 (September 2013): 800–805. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.816-817.800.

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A two-level method is presented to improve dynamic characteristic of a truss and let it out of the resonance region. The does is as follow: selected the desired design variable by sensitivity analysis, used the optimum solution of the subproblem approximation method as initial solution of the simplex method, and improved the simplex method by introducing golden section method. While ensuring requirement of strength, stiffness and stability, the two-level method makes the truss less weight and avoids the resonance region. The improved simplex method searches the better point further by introducing golden section method on the path of the extending principle and the shrinking principle and reduces searching times.

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Ghilencea, D. M., and Hyun Min Lee. "Bounds on supersymmetric effective operators from heavy diphoton searches." Modern Physics Letters A 32, no. 13 (April 25, 2017): 1750082. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732317500821.

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We identify the bounds on supersymmetric effective operators beyond minimal supersymmetric models (MSSM, etc.), from heavy diphoton resonance (X) negative searches at the LHC, where X is identified with the neutral CP-even (odd), H(A) or both (mass degenerate). While MSSM-like models comply with the data, a leading effective operator of d = 6 can contribute significantly to diphoton production [Formula: see text] 1 fb, well above its MSSM value and in conflict with recent data. Both the [Formula: see text] and gg production mechanisms of H and A can contribute comparably to this. We examine the dependence of the diphoton cross-section [Formula: see text] on the values of [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and tan [Formula: see text], under the experimental constraints from the SM-like Higgs couplings hgg and h[Formula: see text] (due to mixing) and from the [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] searches. These give [Formula: see text] larger than [Formula: see text] 5 TeV for [Formula: see text] in the range 0.5–1 TeV. We show how to generate the d = 6 effective operator from microscopic (renormalizable) models. This demands the presence of vector-like states beyond the MSSM spectrum (and eventually, but not necessarily a gauge singlet), of mass near [Formula: see text] and thus outside the LHC reach.

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del Aguila, F., J. A. Aguilar-Saavedra, M. Moretti, F. Piccinini, R. Pittau, and M. Treccani. "Combined analysis of Z′→tt¯ and Z′→tt¯j production for vector resonance searches at LHC." Physics Letters B 685, no. 4-5 (March 2010): 302–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2010.01.068.

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Jisa, Kyle A., Dillon D. Clarey, and Eric S. Peeples. "Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings of Term and Preterm Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy: A Review of Relevant Animal Models and Correlation to Human Imaging." Open Neuroimaging Journal 12, no. 1 (October 17, 2018): 55–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874440001812010055.

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Background:Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy is brain injury caused by decreased perfusion and oxygen delivery that most commonly occurs in the context of delivery complications such as umbilical cord compression or placental abruption. Imaging is a key component for guiding treatment and prediction of prognosis, and the most sensitive clinical imaging modality for the brain injury patterns seen in hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy is magnetic resonance imaging.Objective:The goal of this review is to compare magnetic resonance imaging findings demonstrated in the available animal models of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy to those found in preterm (≤ 36 weeks) and term (>36 weeks) human neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, with special attention to the strengths and weaknesses of each model.Methods:A structured literature search was performed independently by two authors and the results of the searches were compiled. Animal model, human brain age equivalency, mechanism of injury, and area of brain injury were recorded for comparison to imaging findings in preterm and term human neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.Conclusion:Numerous animal models have been developed to better elicit the expected findings that occur after HIE by allowing investigators to control many of the clinical variables that result in injury. Although modeling the same disease process, magnetic resonance imaging findings in the animal models vary with the species and methods used to induce hypoxia and ischemia. The further development of animal models of HIE should include a focus on comparing imaging findings, and not just pathologic findings, to human studies.

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Taboada, Ignacio. "IceCube: An overview of physics results." EPJ Web of Conferences 207 (2019): 01002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201920701002.

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Cosmic rays and neutrinos are intimately related. And though TeVPeV astrophysical neutrinos have been observed, their sources and their relation to potential sources of cosmic rays remain unknown. Recently, the blazar TXS 0506+056 has been identified as a candidate neutrino source. In parallel, IceCube has conducted numerous searches for other potential neutrino neutrino sources. These proceedings are limited in scope, given the large breath of science results by IceCube: A description of the astrophysical neutrino flux; a review of the real-time program that enables multi-messenger follow-up of neutrinos; a summary of the observations of TXS 0506+056; a recap of the search for neutrino point sources with 7 years of IceCube data; an account of the tantalizing capabilities of IceCube and ANTARES to detect Milky Way neutrinos and a description of a method to identify Glashow resonance events.

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Markousis-Mavrogenis, George, Michel Noutsias, Angelos G. Rigopoulos, Aikaterini Giannakopoulou, Stergios Gatzonis, Roser Maria Pons, Antigoni Papavasiliou, et al. "The Emerging Role of Combined Brain/Heart Magnetic Resonance Imaging for the Evaluation of Brain/Heart Interaction in Heart Failure." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 14 (July 11, 2022): 4009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11144009.

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Heart failure (HF) patients frequently develop brain deficits that lead to cognitive dysfunction (CD), which may ultimately also affect survival. There is an important interaction between brain and heart that becomes crucial for survival in patients with HF. Our aim was to review the brain/heart interactions in HF and discuss the emerging role of combined brain/heart magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluation. A scoping review of published literature was conducted in the PubMed EMBASE (OVID), Web of Science, Scopus and PsycInfo databases. Keywords for searches included heart failure, brain lesion, brain, cognitive, cognitive dysfunction, magnetic resonance imaging cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging electroencephalogram, positron emission tomography and echocardiography. CD testing, the most commonly used diagnostic approach, can identify neither subclinical cases nor the pathophysiologic background of CD. A combined brain/heart MRI has the capability of diagnosing brain/heart lesions at an early stage and potentially facilitates treatment. Additionally, valuable information about edema, fibrosis and cardiac remodeling, provided with the use of cardiovascular magnetic resonance, can improve HF risk stratification and treatment modification. However, availability, familiarity with this modality and cost should be taken under consideration before final conclusions can be drawn. Abnormal CD testing in HF patients is a strong motivating factor for applying a combined brain/heart MRI to identify early brain/heart lesions and modify risk stratification accordingly.

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Caminal Armadans, Roger. "Searches for supersymmetry in resonance production and R-parity violating prompt signatures with the ATLAS and CMS detectors." Nuclear and Particle Physics Proceedings 273-275 (April 2016): 618–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2015.09.093.

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Fodor, Zoltan, Kieran Holland, Julius Kuti, Santanu Mondal, Daniel Nogradi, and Chik Him Wong. "Status of a minimal composite Higgs theory." International Journal of Modern Physics A 32, no. 35 (December 20, 2017): 1747001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x17470017.

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We analyze three sets of gauge ensembles in our extended physics program of a particularly important BSM gauge theory with a fermion doublet in the two-index symmetric (sextet) representation of the SU(3) BSM color gauge group. Our investigations include chiral symmetry breaking [Formula: see text] in the p-regime and [Formula: see text]-regime, the mass of the composite [Formula: see text] scalar, resonance spectroscopy, new physics from gauge anomaly constraints, and the role of stable sextet BSM baryons with Electroweak interactions in dark matter searches. Important new goals include studies of the [Formula: see text] scalar entangled with Goldstone dynamics in the p-regime and the [Formula: see text]-regime, the resonance spectrum with particular attention to emerging LHC signals, like recent hints for diphoton excess at 750 GeV or diboson anomalies in the 2 TeV range. All results reported here are preliminary before journal publication including some post-conference material for the discussion.

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Heller, René, Kai Rodenbeck, and Michael Hippke. "Transit least-squares survey." Astronomy & Astrophysics 625 (May 2019): A31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201935276.

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We apply for the first time the transit least-squares (TLS) algorithm to search for new transiting exoplanets. TLS has been developed as a successor to the box least-squares (BLS) algorithm, which has served as a standard tool for the detection of periodic transits. In this proof-of-concept paper, we demonstrate that TLS finds small planets that have previously been missed. We show the capabilities of TLS using the K2 EVEREST-detrended light curve of the star K2-32 (EPIC 205071984), which has been known to have three transiting planets. TLS detects these known Neptune-sized planets K2-32 b, d, and c in an iterative search and finds an additional transit signal with a high signal detection efficiency (SDETLS) of 26.1 at a period of 4.34882−0.00075+0.00069 d. We show that this additional signal remains detectable (SDETLS = 13.2) with TLS in the K2SFF light curve of K2-32, which includes a less optimal detrending of the systematic trends. The signal is below common detection thresholds if searched with BLS in the K2SFF light curve (SDEBLS = 8.9), however, as in previous searches. Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling with the emcee software shows that the radius of this candidate is 1.01−0.09+0.10 R⊕. We analyzed its phase-folded transit light curve using the vespa software and calculated a false-positive probability FPP = 3.1 × 10−3. Taking into account the multiplicity boost of the system, we estimate an FPP < 3.1 × 10−4, which formally validates K2-32 e as a planet. K2-32 now hosts at least four planets that are very close to a 1:2:5:7 mean motion resonance chain. The offset of the orbital periods of K2-32 e and b from a 1:2 mean motion resonance agrees very well with the sample of transiting multiplanet systems from Kepler, lending further credence to the planetary nature of K2-32 e. We expect that TLS can find many more transits of Earth-sized and even smaller planets in the Kepler and K2 data that have so far remained undetected with algorithms that search for box-like signals.

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ALEKSEEV, I. G., I. G. BORDYUZHIN, D. V. KALINKIN, L. I. KOROLEVA, B. V. MOROZOV, V. M. NESTEROV, V. V. RYLTSOV, et al. "HIGH PRECISION MEASUREMENTS OF THE PION PROTON DIFFERENTIAL ELASTIC CROSS SECTION IN THE SECOND RESONANCE REGION." International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series 26 (January 2014): 1460076. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010194514600763.

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One of the main sources of the information about nuclear resonances are partial wave analyses (PWA) of pion-proton elastic scattering. Nearly all of the data available for PWA were obtained more than 20 years ago with old measurement techniques. The talk presents new high precision data obtained recently by the EPECUR collaboration. The experiment features high statistics and better than 1 MeV resolution in the invariant mass thus allowing searches for narrow resonances with the coupling to the πp channel as low as 5%. The experimental setup consists of a 25 cm long liquid hydrogen target in a non-magnetic spectrometer of wire drift chambers with hexagonal structure. The measurements started in 2009. 3 billions of triggers are already collected with positive and negative pion beams in the beam momentum range 820-1330 MeV/c.

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Simpson, SJ, A. Ratnappuli, ME Porte, H. McGann, and CJ Lacey. "Hypothermia – an unusual initial presentation of human immunodeficiency virus infection." International Journal of STD & AIDS 31, no. 12 (August 5, 2020): 1219–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956462420939409.

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We report an unusual case of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection initially presenting with hypothermia and bradycardia associated with an HIV encephalitis. Searches reveal only five reported cases of spontaneous episodic hypothermia in the context of HIV infection. In our case, magnetic resonance imaging revealed the presence of a persistent cavum septum pellucidum (CSP), an anatomical and functional neuro-developmental abnormality, as well as changes compatible with an HIV encephalitis. Episodic hypothermia can occur in association with agenesis of the corpus callosum, known as Shapiro’s syndrome, and the presence of a persistent CSP in our case suggests it may have contributed to the clinical presentation.

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CASEY, BRENDAN C. K. "RARE B MESON DECAYS WITHOUT CHARM FROM BELLE." International Journal of Modern Physics A 16, supp01a (October 2001): 452–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x01007194.

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We report preliminary results on searches for radiative and charmless hadronic B meson decay modes using 5.27 million [Formula: see text] pairs recorded on the ϒ(4S) resonance by the Belle experiment at KEKB. Both inclusive b → sγ and exclusive B → K*γ modes are observed and limits are set on the ratio B → ργ/ B→ K*γ. We see evidence for the [Formula: see text] mode B+ → ϕ K+, and several pseudo-scalar + pseudo-scalar modes. Significant signals are observed in the K+ π-, K+ π0, and K0π0 modes. We see evidence for the K0π+, π+π-, and π+ π0 modes however, the significance is small. No signal is observed in either the K+K- or K0K+ modes.

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Barker, Natasha, Benjamin Fidock, Christopher S. Johns, Harjinder Kaur, Gareth Archer, Smitha Rajaram, Catherine Hill, et al. "A Systematic Review of Right Ventricular Diastolic Assessment by 4D Flow CMR." BioMed Research International 2019 (March 14, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/6074984.

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Background. Four-dimensional flow cardiovascular magnetic resonance (4D flow CMR) is a noninvasive novel imaging technology that can be used to visualise and assess right ventricular function. The aim of this systematic review is to summarise the literature available on 4D flow CMR methods used to determine right ventricular diastolic function. Methods. A systematic review of current literature was carried out to ascertain what is known about right ventricular assessment by quantification of 4D flow CMR. Structured searches were carried out on Medline and EMBASE in December 2018. PG and NB screened the titles and abstracts for relevance. Results. Of the 20 articles screened, 5 studies met eligibility for systematic review. After a further search on pubmed 1 more relevant article was found and added to the review. Conclusions. These proposed methods using 4D flow CMR can quantify right ventricular diastolic assessment. The evidence gathered is mainly observational, featuring single-centred studies. Larger, multicentre studies are required to validate the proposed techniques, evaluate reproducibility, and investigate the clinical applicability that 4D flow CMR offers compared to standard practices. PROSPERO registration number is CRD42019121492.

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Gauzzi, Paolo, and Elena Perez del Rio. "The KLOE-2 experiment at DAΦNE." EPJ Web of Conferences 212 (2019): 01002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201921201002.

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The KLOE-2 Collaboration succesfully ended its data-taking collecting a total integrated luminosity of 5.5 fb−1 at the peak of the φ(1020) resonance at the DAΦNE collider of the Frascati LNF. New detectors have been added to the KLOE apparatus to improve the detector acceptance, the tracking capability, and also to be able to tag the scattered electrons in γγ processes. By summing the new data sample to the old one of the previous KLOE data-taking ended in 2006, a total of about 8 fb−1 has been collected, corresponding to 24 billions of φ produced. The measurement program of KLOE-2 includes precision studies on kaon and other light mesons, hadronic cross-section, and dark force searches.

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Wazir, Umar, Neill Patani, Nahed Balalaa, and Kefah Mokbel. "Pathologic Response of Associated Ductal Carcinoma In Situ to Neoadjuvant Systemic Therapy: A Systematic Review." Cancers 15, no. 1 (December 20, 2022): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers15010013.

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Contrary to traditional assumptions, recent evidence suggests that neoadjuvant systemic therapy (NST) given for invasive breast cancer may eradicate co-existent ductal carcinoma in-situ (DCIS), which may facilitate de-escalation of breast resections. The aim of this systematic review was to assess the eradication rate of DCIS by NST given for invasive breast cancer. Searches were performed in MEDLINE using appropriate search terms. Six studies (N = 659) in which pathological data were available regarding the presence of DCIS prior to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) were identified. Only one study investigating the impact of neoadjuvant endocrine therapy (NET) met the search criteria. After pooled analysis, post-NACT pathology showed no residual DCIS in 40.5% of patients (267/659; 95% CI: 36.8–44.3). There was no significant difference in DCIS eradication rate between triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) and HER2-positive disease (45% vs. 46% respectively). NET achieved eradication of DCIS in 15% of patients (9/59). Importantly, residual widespread micro-calcifications after NST did not necessarily indicate residual disease. In view of the results of the pooled analysis, the presence of extensive DCIS prior to NST should not mandate mastectomy and de-escalation to breast conserving surgery (BCS) should be considered in patients identified by contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (CE-MRI).

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Tajima, Carla Chizuru, Luiza Lourenço Campos de Sousa, Gustavo Lagreca Venys, Camila Souza Guatelli, Almir Galvão Vieira Bitencourt, and Elvira Ferreira Marques. "Magnetic resonance imaging of the breast: role in the evaluation of ductal carcinoma in situ." Radiologia Brasileira 52, no. 1 (February 2019): 43–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0100-3984.2018.0058.

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Abstract Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is a precursor mammary lesion whose malignant cells do not extend beyond the basement membrane and presents a risk of progression to malignant disease. Its early detection increased with screening mammography. The objective of this study was to review the literature on the main presentations of DCIS on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), through searches of the Medline/PubMed, Latin-American and Caribbean Center on Health Sciences Information (Lilacs), and Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) databases. DCIS can occur in its pure form or in conjunction with invasive disease, in the same lesion, in different foci, or in the contralateral breast. MRI has a high sensitivity for the detection of pure DCIS, being able to identify the non-calcified component, and its accuracy increases with the nuclear grade of the lesion. The most common pattern of presentation is non-nodular enhancement; heterogeneous internal structures; a kinetic curve showing washout or plateau enhancement; segmental distribution; and restricted diffusion. MRI plays an important role in the detection of DCIS, especially in the evaluation of its extent, contributing to more reliable surgical excision and reducing local recurrence.

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Santos, Francisco de Souza, Nupur Verma, Guilherme Watte, Edson Marchiori, Tan-Lucien H. Mohammed, Tássia Machado Medeiros, and Bruno Hochhegger. "Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging for differentiating between benign and malignant thoracic lymph nodes: a meta-analysis." Radiologia Brasileira 54, no. 4 (August 2021): 225–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0100-3984.2020.0084.

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Abstract Objective: To establish the diagnostic performance of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) in discriminating malignant from non-malignant thoracic lymph nodes. Materials and Methods: This was a meta-analysis involving systematic searches of the MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases up through April 2020. Studies reporting thoracic DWI and lymph node evaluation were included. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic odds ratio, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) were calculated. Results: We evaluated six studies, involving a collective total of 356 mediastinal lymph nodes in 214 patients. Thoracic DWI had a pooled sensitivity and specificity of 92% (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 71-98%) and 93% (95% CI: 79-98%), respectively. The positive and negative likelihood ratios were 13.2 (95% CI: 4.0-43.8) and 0.09 (95% CI: 0.02-0.36), respectively. The diagnostic odds ratio was 149 (95% CI: 18-1,243), and the AUC was 0.97 (95% CI: 0.95-0.98). Conclusion: DWI is a reproducible technique and has demonstrated high accuracy for differentiating between malignant and benign states in thoracic lymph nodes.

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Menyhardt, Karoly, Ramona Nagy, and Remus Stefan Maruta. "Design of Modular Vibration Testing Equipment." Applied Mechanics and Materials 801 (October 2015): 333–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.801.333.

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Vibration testing is used by introduction of a force function into system, usually with the use of a shaker or vibration testing machine. These induced vibrations, aid in the laboratory or production floor for a variety of things, proof of concept, standard assessment, fatigue testing, and evaluating performance. Electrodynamic shakers are well suited for most vibration tests and offer several advantages over alternative approaches. Resonance searches involve sine sweep to obtain a transfer function for evaluation of resonance characteristics, usually by a crank mechanism. Fatigue testing is an expensive and long term test, not being the most accurate one, due to the fact that the functioning of any machine is not repetitive nor reproducible regarding vibrations.Random vibration testing better represent real world data by providing statistical confidence with random time data that has an average targeted frequency content and amplitude over the duration of the test. By controlling amplitude and frequency, test data can be correlated to real world data sets.Throughout this paper we present the outlines for the design of a modular fatigue testing machine with pseudorandom vibrations. Due to the nature of the modular approach for our equipment, the rig can be appropriately configured to perform multiple laboratory tests.

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Rajasekaran, S., Dilip Chand Raja Soundararajan, Ajoy Prasad Shetty, and Rishi Mugesh Kanna. "Spinal Tuberculosis: Current Concepts." Global Spine Journal 8, no. 4_suppl (December 2018): 96S—108S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2192568218769053.

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Study Design: Review article. Objectives: A review of literature on the epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of spinal tuberculosis (TB). Methods: A systematic computerized literature search was performed using Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, EMBASE, and PubMed. Studies published over the past 10 years were analyzed. The searches were performed using Medical Subject Headings terms, and the subheadings used were “spinal tuberculosis,” “diagnosis,” “epidemiology,” “etiology,” “management,” “surgery,” and “therapy.” Results: Tissue diagnosis remains the only foolproof investigation to confirm diagnosis. Magnetic resonance imaging and Gene Xpert help in early detection and treatment of spinal TB. Uncomplicated spinal TB has good response to appropriately dosed multimodal ambulant chemotherapy. Surgery is warranted only in cases of neurological complications, incapacitating deformity, and instability. Conclusions: The incidence of atypical clinicoradiological presentations of spinal TB is on the rise. Improper dosing, inadequate duration of treatment, and inappropriate selection of candidates for chemotherapy has not only resulted in the resurgence of TB but also led to the most dreadful consequence of multidrug resistant strains. In addition, global migration phenomenon has resulted in worldwide spread of spinal TB. The current consensus is to diagnose and treat spinal TB early, prevent complications, promote early mobilization, and restore the patient to his or her earlier functional status.

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Dryla, Agnieszka, Bernd Hoffmann, Dieter Gelbmann, Carmen Giefing, Markus Hanner, Andreas Meinke, Annaliesa S. Anderson, et al. "High-Affinity Binding of the Staphylococcal HarA Protein to Haptoglobin and Hemoglobin Involves a Domain with an Antiparallel Eight-Stranded β-Barrel Fold." Journal of Bacteriology 189, no. 1 (October 13, 2006): 254–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.01366-06.

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ABSTRACT Iron scavenging from the host is essential for the growth of pathogenic bacteria. In this study, we further characterized two staphylococcal cell wall proteins previously shown to bind hemoproteins. HarA and IsdB harbor homologous ligand binding domains, the so called NEAT domain (for “near transporter”) present in several surface proteins of gram-positive pathogens. Surface plasmon resonance measurements using glutathione S-transferase (GST)-tagged HarAD1, one of the ligand binding domains of HarA, and GST-tagged full-length IsdB proteins confirmed high-affinity binding to hemoglobin and haptoglobin-hemoglobin complexes with equilibrium dissociation constants (KD ) of 5 to 50 nM. Haptoglobin binding could be detected only with HarA and was in the low micromolar range. In order to determine the fold of this evolutionarily conserved ligand binding domain, the untagged HarAD1 protein was subjected to nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, which revealed an eight-stranded, purely antiparallel β-barrel with the strand order (-β1↓-β2↑-β3↓-β6↑-β5↓-β4↑-β7↓-β8↑), forming two Greek key motifs. Based on structural-homology searches, the topology of the HarAD1 domain resembles that of the immunoglobulin (Ig) fold family, whose members are involved in protein-protein interactions, but with distinct structural features. Therefore, we consider that the HarAD1/NEAT domain fold is a novel variant of the Ig fold that has not yet been observed in other proteins.

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Alústiza, Irene, María Sol Garcés, Javier Goena, Anton Albajes-Eizagirre, and Felipe Ortuño. "M64. ADDRESSING THE ROLE OF TIMING ON COGNITION IN SCHIZOPHRENIA." Schizophrenia Bulletin 46, Supplement_1 (April 2020): S159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbaa030.376.

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Abstract Background Schizophrenia (SZ) patients show activity deficits in brain regions that are conventionally associated with time perception. The dysfunction observed during timing tasks partially coincides with that evidenced during change-detection ones (both of attentional processing during odball paradigm and of preattentional processing in the mismatch negativity response). The implication is that timing dysfunction might underlie aberrant Salience Network (SN) and therefore cognitive impairment observed in SZ. In order to support this idea, we would like to examine it in HC. We hypothesize that neuroanatomical bases of time and salience processing are highly shared and interrelated not only in SZ but also in HC. The principal objective of this study was to elucidate whether there are any brain regions that show overlapped response during timing and oddball tasks in HC. Methods We conducted three independent comprehensive literature searches of whole-brain functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies in HC using timing and oddball tasks. The searches were applied to the PubMed search engine up to October 2019. Keywords used in the first search were: ((“Temporal processing” OR “temporal discrimination” OR “time perception” OR “temporal estimation” OR “time estimation” OR “internal clock” OR “interval timing” OR “timing”) AND (“functional magnetic resonance imaging” OR “fMRI”) AND (“healthy volunteers” OR “healthy comparison” OR “healthy adult participants” OR “healthy comparison subjects” OR “healthy control subjects” OR “healthy subjects” OR “healthy individuals” OR “healthy participants” OR “healthy controls” OR “healthy” OR “controls” OR “control subjects”)). Keywords used in the second search were: ((“oddball”) AND (“event-related”)) together with the terms mentioned above referring to HC and fMRI. Last search used the same keywords but combined with (“mismatch negativity” OR “MMN”). We excluded studies that 1) used a region-of-interest approach; 2) did not report peak coordinates; 3) used different statistical thresholds in different regions of the brain; 4) used techniques other than fMRI; 5) were case reports, qualitative studies, reviews or meta-analyses. We ran three signed differential mapping (SDM) meta-analyses of fMRI studies assessing the brain response to timing and oddball paradigm in HC. Then, we carried out a multimodal meta-analysis to combine the findings from the three previous SDM meta-analyses. Results Our initial search returned several papers, but application of inclusion criteria reduced this number to 17. Among them, 8 studied timing (which included a total of 129 HC), 8 examined attentional oddball paradigm (which included a total of 125 HC) and 3 MMN (which included a total of 52 HC). Meta -analysis results of timing studies HC showed significantly activation in left supplementary motor area (BA 8), left middle frontal gyrus (BA 10), right inferior frontal gyrus (BA 45), right supramarginal gyrus (BA 40), corpus callosum, left inferior network, left striatum, right superior longitudinal fasciculus and left cerebellum. Meta-analysis results of attentional oddball paradigm studies HC showed significantly activation in right supplementary motor area (BA 32), left postcentral gyrus (BA2), right rolandic operculum (BA 48), right supramarginal gyrus (BA 40) and left insula (BA 48). Meta-analysis results of preattentional oddball paradigm studies HC showed significantly activation in corpus callosum. Discussion The current study supports the hypothesis that there exists an overlap between neural structures engaged by both timing and oddball tasks in HC. Since timing might be a primary cognitive function, its better understanding could help to improve the approach of treatment in SZ.

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Thompson, Jack. "A Review of the Popular and Scholarly Accounts of Donald Trump’s White Working-Class Support in the 2016 US Presidential Election." Societies 9, no. 2 (May 13, 2019): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/soc9020036.

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Popular and scholarly accounts of Trump’s ascendency to the presidency of the United States on the part of the American white working-class use different variables to define the sociodemographic group because there is no “working-class White” variable available in benchmark datasets for researchers to code. To address this need, the Author ran a multinomial regression to assess whether income, education and racial identity predict working-class membership among white Americans, finding that income and education are statistically significant predictors of working-class whiteness, while racial identity is not. Arriving at a robust definition of “white working-class” in light of these findings, the paper next turns to a review of the extant literature. By retrieving studies from searches of computerised databases, hand searches and authoritative texts, the review critically surmises the explanatory accounts of Trump’s victory. Discussion of the findings from the review is presented in three principal sections. The first section explains how working-class White communities, crippled by a dearth of social and geographic mobility, have been “left behind” by the political elites. The second section examines how white Americans, whose dominant group position is threatened by demographic change, voted for Trump because of resonance between his populist rhetoric and their latent “racist” attitudes. The third and final section explores the implications of a changing America for native-born whites, and how America’s increasing ethnoracial diversity is eroding relations between its dominant and nondominant groups. The Author surmises by arguing that these explanatory accounts must be understood in the context of this new empirical approximation of “working-class White”.

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Exner, Otto, and Stanislav Böhm. "Bond angles and bond lengths in monosubstituted benzene and ethene derivatives: a comparison of computational and crystallographic results." Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Science 58, no. 5 (September 24, 2002): 877–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108768102010510.

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Bond angles and bond lengths in 29 monosubstituted benzene derivatives and in the same number of ethene derivatives were calculated at the B3LYP/6-311+G(d,p) level. Angle deformations in benzene derivatives agree reasonably with those derived statistically from the crystallographic data; in the case of small deformations, the calculated parameters are even more reliable. There is little correlation between geometry and reactivity parameters (σ-constants) in spite of some previous claims. Nevertheless, three components of the substitution effect can be distinguished: (a) strong deformation of the adjoining angles and bonds can be ascribed to changes of hybridization; (b) a weaker effect in the meta and para positions is only partially related to resonance; (c) in the case of unsymmetrical substituents, the symmetry of the benzene ring is also broken – the angular group-induced bond alternation (AGIBA) effect. The latter effect was also confirmed by searches in the Cambridge Structural Database for alkoxy, alkylthio, acyl and azo derivatives.

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Godina, Sara, Indira Turney, Laura Zahodne, Danielle Beatty Moody, Kacie Deters, Jennifer Manly, and Andrea Rosso. "Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Structural Measures of Brain Aging: A Systematic Review." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 781. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.2826.

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Abstract Examining the neural correlates underlying racial differences in cognitive functioning is necessary to help clarify mechanisms and to improve the generalizability of findings related to brain-behavior relationships. This systematic review aimed to determine whether there are racial differences in structural markers of brain aging among community-dwelling, neurologically healthy adults aged 18 and older. We identified studies (n=5,399) from searches in Ovid Medline, Ovid PsychINFO, and Elsevier EMBASE published until February 13, 2020. We included original articles that examined structural markers of brain aging and neuropathology across individuals from more than one race or ethnicity. These measures included magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography amyloid and tau, cerebrospinal fluid amyloid, tau, and neurofilament light chain and computed tomography. Two reviewers independently screened full-text articles. We will present ongoing results and discuss the current state of knowledge, quality of existing studies, and gaps in the literature and highlight potentially key next steps.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Resonance searches'

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