Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Résonance de modes guidés'
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Ces, Maximin. "Etudes théorique et expérimentale des résonances mécaniques locales de modes guidés par des structures complexes." Paris 7, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA077271.
Full textThis PhD thesis is about Zero Group Velocity Lamb modes. For these peculiar modes, the group velocity (c 1 cohlk) vanishes and the phase velocity (coi k) remains finite, giving rise to narrow local resonances whose properties are very interesting. Attractive prospects in non destructive evaluation can be found because the frequency of those modes depends on the thickness and the mechanical properties of the plate. The behavior of the modes has primarily been explained. The experimental study have been lead using a non-contact optical set up including a pulsed laser source and an interferometric probe for the generation and the detection of those modes. The resonances have been used to determine the thickness and elastic constants of plates and of an anisotropic pipe. Then, the lateral resolution of the thickness measurement has been studied. The influence of the plate edge has been explored: an abrupt transition between the first ZGV resonance and the edge resonance has been observed at the distance of one thickness to the edge. The effect of the deposit of a thin layer on the ZGV resonances has then been numerically studied, which permitted to measure the thickness of a few hundreds nanometers thin gold layers deposited on a millimetric substrate. Finally, the function of the losses has been examined for two different cases, the intrinsic attenuation and the radiation of a fluid in contact with one face
Cès, Maximin. "Etude théorique et expérimentale des résonances mécaniques locales de modes guidés par des structures complexes." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00986632.
Full textSakat, Émilie. "Structures métal-diélectriques à résonance de mode guidé et applications au filtrage et à l'imagerie infrarouge." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00840623.
Full textNanotechnologies have reached a maturity level that allows designing, with high confidence level, functionalized components for complex optical systems. In this context, this work addresses the issue of spectral filtering. I proposed a new design of filter based on the combination of a dielectric waveguide and on a subwavelength metallic grating. In a first time, I fabricated and characterized structures based on this design (with one dimensional 1D or two dimensional 2D geometries). I analyzed in detail the resonance mechanism and I studied the properties of these structures in terms of spectral tunability, polarization behavior, rejection efficiency and angular tolerance. Then, I proposed derivatives of these components with improved rejection efficiency and angular tolerance. Secondarly, I used various derivatives of these components to address angular filtering or multispectral imaging applications. For the latter, a 24-filter matrix has been optimized and integrated inside an infrared multispectral camera for CO2 sensing. Difficulties related to its real use conditions are highlighted and solutions are proposed to improve our results, already promising
Boutheiller, Nicolas. "Analyse et synthèse par optimisation basée sur l'algorithme génétique de filtres en guide d'ondes rectangulaire : Application à la conception de filtres multi-modes utilisant le résonance des modes à leur fréquence de coupure." Bordeaux 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BOR12542.
Full textAchlan, Moustafa. "Surface Plasmon Polariton and Wave Guide Modes in a Six Layer Thin Film Stack." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS109.
Full textIn this thesis, we investigate the optical properties of a six-layer stack (air-Au-SiO₂-Au-Ti-glass). The interfaces are flat and the modeling is performed using elementary Fresnel expressions at the interface and plane wave propagation in the layers. Two models are used where the sample is: i) excited by a source at infinity (excitation by source at infinity (ESI)); ii) excited by a local source. In the experiments we are modeling this source consists of the inelastic tunneling electrons from a scanning tunneling microscope (STM). In our modeling this source is replaced by a vertical oscillating dipole. Using these two models one calculates the reflected (reflectance) and the transmitted (transmittance) flux from a source at infinity and the transmitted flux of a local source. Surface plasmon polariton (SPP) and wave guide (WG) modes may be identified in the reflectance, transmittance and transmitted flux. In a particular wavelength domain the SPP and WG repel each other giving rise to an avoided crossing. The choice of the gold (Au) and silica (SiO₂) thicknesses of the six-layer stack is guided by two requirements: high amplitude of the observable and wide wavelength dependence of the in-plane wave vector. We also study the influence of the gold and silica thicknesses on the observables. We find that the observables are significant for dAu[10, 90 nm] for the three and dAu[10, 50 nm] for six layer stacks and this predictive study guided the choice of the experimental sample thicknesses. The wave guide mode appears for dSiO₂ >190 nm. The electric field as a function of the penetration coordinate z is calculated in order to characterize the location of the field in the stack and to assign the nature of the modes. We observe that for the SPP the electric field is confined at the Au-air interface whereas, the electric fields corresponding to the WG mode are confined inside SiO₂ layer. Our calculations presented in this work are in good agreement with the experimental measurements performed in our group
Sarrazin, Michael. "Etude de propriétés optiques liées à la transmission de cristaux photoniques bidimensionnels." Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00002972.
Full textChu, Audrey. "Couplage lumière-matière au sein de détecteurs infrarouges à base de nanocristaux colloïdaux." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021SORUS082.
Full textColloidal nanocrystals are nanoparticles grown in solution. When their dimension is reduced below the Bohr radius, quantum confinement appears: optical properties depend on the size of the crystal. These nanocrystals are currently used for their visible emission properties but can also be applied for infrared photodetection. Mercury and lead chalcogenide (and in particular HgTe and PbS) absorb in the infrared. The hopping transport associated with nanocrystal array induced the use of thin film. The absorption of such film remains low and so does their performance. My work consists in induce light-matter coupling within a nanocrystal array in order to boost the absorption and the responsivity. Using nanostructured electrodes, it is possible to induce guided mode resonances within nanocrystal thin films. The responsivity of such devices presents an increase of a factor 102 – 103 compared to a film on conventional electrodes due to an enlargement of the absorption and the photoconductive gain both. This method is versatile and can be used for different materials, at different wavelengths and for different device geometries. In a last part, I will show a device that improve transport properties in a nanocrystal film. This device has a detectivity of 1012 Jones at 2.5 µm, 1 V and 200 K, which is comparable with commercial detectors
Perségol, Dominique. "Réalisation d'un modulateur électro-optique utilisant l'excitation résonnante des modes guidés." Grenoble INPG, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988INPG0022.
Full textSauvage-Vincent, Jean. "Les modes de plasmon sur film métallique ondulé, appliqués aux documents de sécurité." Phd thesis, Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Etienne, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01068070.
Full textGacemi, Djamal Eddine. "Étude expérimentale et simulation des modes électromagnétiques se propageant sur des guides d’ondes métalliques de petites dimensions aux fréquences THz." Thesis, Paris 11, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA112413.
Full textFocusing optical energy into a small spot diameter much smaller than the diffraction limit has long been a very interesting topic in photonics. In Terahertz (with a wavelength of about 300 microns) this challenge is particularly important to meet the growing interest in high-resolution imaging and spectroscopy of materials whose size is smaller than the wavelength in free space. In my thesis, I studied the confinement of surface waves at THz frequencies on metal structures with sub-wavelength dimensions . I experimentally measured the confinement of the electric field and calculated the dispersion relation of the surface mode on a metal structure deposited on a low permittivity dielectric substrate. These measurements are obtained using a guided-wave time domain spectroscopy set-up, developed during my PhD. The measurement is made by a near-field freely positionable electro-optical probe. These experimental results are supplemented by numerical simulations obtained by finite element analysis software Comsol Multiphysics. The experimental results show a confinement of λ/20 of the EM surface mode on a sub-wavelength dimension rectangular metal wire
Chorfi, Lahcène. "Etude mathématique et numérique des modes guidés dans un milieu élastique à symétrie de révolution." Aix-Marseille 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992AIX11034.
Full textArlot, Pierrick. "Etude de la faisabilité d'un dispositif bistable optique utilisant l'excitation résonnante de modes guidés non linéaires." Grenoble INPG, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987INPG0078.
Full textZaker, Ashkan. "Impact de la présence du gradient thermique sur la propagation d'onde dans les milieux guidés." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU30197.
Full textThe engine's intake line resonances can be used to improve its volumetric efficiency and reduce the emissions of pollutants. In supercharged engines, the use of compact liquid-to-air coolers (WCAC) generates a strong thermal gradient in the intake line. To take the first step in the analysis of the impact of this thermal gradient on the intake line resonances, the input impedance of a narrow pipe of diameter 1.6 mm with a strong non-uniform thermal profile is considered. First, the input impedance is calculated theoretically and compared with numerical results using ACTRAN software. This analysis was also done in the presence of a low-Mach number laminar flow of 0.02 M. The numerical simulations provide a preliminary understanding of the significance of the resonances caused by non-uniform thermal profiles and the important parameters. Then, the input impedance of multiple non-uniform thermal profiles is measured using TMTC method. To do so, a brief analysis of the importance of calibration load selection is done on the narrow pipe. Using non-resonant loads, the test bench is calibrated and impedance measurements are done with different thermal profiles. Besides, the measurements are done with a mean flow of up to 0.03 M and its impact is discussed in the presence of a non-uniform thermal profile
Bierret, Antoine. "Composants nanostructurés pour le filtrage spectral à l’échelle du pixel dans le domaine infrarouge." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLX085/document.
Full textSpectral analysis of an infrared scene allows for a better identification of its components. Nanotechnologies offer new opportunities to achieve spectral filtering thanks to optical resonances. In this thesis, I use sub-wavelength gratings to achieve spectral filtering on areas as small as a pixel. I focused on the study of guided-mode resonance filters, made of a coupling grating and a thin dielectric layer acting as a waveguide. This structure typically needs large surfaces to filter infrared light. However, I proposed two possible modifications of this structure: either using a resonant cavity or using metallic gratings.Numerical analysis of the optical response of structures with a metallic grating showed that the spatial extension of the electromagnetic field is limited at the resonant wavelength. Thanks to this short extension, I is possible to achieve filtering with only 30 µm-long guided-mode resonance filters. I also fabricated and characterized those pixel-sized filters.Finally, I studied mosaics of small guided-mode resonance filters. I showed that the dimensions, the resonant transmissions and the angular acceptance of those mosaics are compatible with using them inside multi-spectral cameras. I also showed a sample architecture for an infrared multispectral-camera using a mosaics of guided-mode resonance filters
Dossou, Michel. "Les modes de résonance acoustique dans les fibres optiques microstructurées - Applications aux capteurs répartis." Phd thesis, Université des Sciences et Technologie de Lille - Lille I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00614250.
Full textGarnaud, Xavier. "Modes, transient dynamics and forced response of circular jets." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2012. https://theses.hal.science/tel-00740133/document.
Full textThe linear stability of axisymmetric jets is studied in a global frame- work, such that the geometry and the non-parallelism of the base flow are fully accounted for. In order to characterize the "preferred mode" of the jet, which is consistently observed in experiments and numerical simulations, different types of analyses are carried out. As a well-known conjecture ascribes the existence of this "preferred mode" to a resonance between external noise and the least-stable eigenmode, a modal study is first performed. This analysis prompted the development of a new numerical method allowing an efficient treatment of compressible flows; however, the results indicate that a modal representation is not well-suited for a description of the dynamics of convection-dominated stable flows. Studies of simplified model problems are presented that underpin this conclusion. Instead, the instability dynamics of such flows are characterized in a consistent manner in terms of optimal initial perturbations and optimal harmonic forcing. The latter approach robustly reproduces experimental observations with regard to the frequency and the spatial structure of the jet "preferred mode". Furthermore, the results allow an interpretation of this global wavepacket structure as a cooperation of different families of local instability modes. The present analysis demonstrates that the "preferred mode" does not arise from resonance with an eigenmode, but rather is to be interpreted as a pseudo-resonance
Lourenco, de Oliveira Philippe. "Conception de solutions technologiques et d’outils pour le traitement d’organes par ultrasons focalisés guidés par IRM." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR13963/document.
Full textTreatment with Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) combined with Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) control is a promising method for xxx thermotherapy on patient free breathing. A technological solution for improving the transfer of electrical power to the ultrasonic transducer around a adjustable impedance matching system has been achieved. A chapter was devoted to the characterization of transducers acoustic field by measure and simulation. The last two chapters concern the development of software tools around the MRI. A method to determinate the thermal parameters of tissues heated, useful to compute an optimal temperature control was developed. Finally, a feasibility study has been conducted on the combination of fast ultrasound motion estimation with robust MRI motion estimation, this to improve the quality of the motion tracking
Rakoto, Virgile. "Inversion des signaux ionosphériques des Tsunamis par la méthode des modes propres." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCC176/document.
Full textLarge earthquake (MW > 7) and tsunamis are known to induce perturbations which can be detected in the atmosphere and ionosphere using total electron content (TEC) measurements. In this thesis, I first investigated on the possibility of using these ionospheric signals in order to complete the tsunami monitoring and warning system. Thus, I study the coupling between the solid Earth, the ocean, the atmosphere. I demonstrate that only the resonance at 1.5 mHz between the tsunami modes and the atmospheric gravity modes can be detected through ionosphere and highlight the fact that the efficiency of the coupling ocean/atmosphere is sensitive to ocean depth and local time. These developments enables the complete modelling of the ionospheric signature of 3 tsunami with an amplitude of 2, 3 and 60cm in deep ocean: the 2012 Haida Gwaii and the 2006 Kuril tsunami in far field and the 2011 Tohoku tsunami in closer field respectively. Finally, we demonstrated that the peak-to- peak amplitude of the height of the inverted tsunami reconstructs with less than 20% error the amplitude measured by a DART buoy in these three cases
Schiavoni, Michèle. "Dynamique des atomes dans un réseau optique dissipatif : modes de propagation, résonance stochastique, diffusion dirigée." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2003. https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00003129.
Full textPoujet, Yannick. "Transmission exaltée à travers des tamis à photons à ouvertures annulaires nanométriques : simulations et caractérisation." Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00373714.
Full textPoujet, Y. "Transmission exaltée à travers des tamis à photons à ouvertures annulaires nanométriques : simulation et caractérisation." Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00293093.
Full textL'étude théorique utilise une méthode numérique basée sur les différences finies dans le domaine temporel pour résoudre les équations de Maxwell. L'influence des paramètres géométriques et de la nature du métal est étudiée de façon à obtenir une forte transmission dans le domaine du visible. Une cartographie du champ à l'intérieur des cavités et à la surface est calculée pour caractériser l'exaltation du champ et déterminer la nature du mode guidé.
Ce travail théorique s'appuie sur des caractérisations expérimentales effectuées en champ proche et en champ lointain. L'étude en champ proche a permis de cartographier le champ électrique au voisinage immédiat des ouvertures annulaires : la structure expérimentale met en évidence le rôle fondamental du mode TE11 dans l'exaltation de la transmission. Des spectres expérimentaux obtenus en champ lointain confirment, pour un film d'argent, une transmission d'environ 90 % en parfait accord avec les prévisions théoriques. Ce résultat constitue, à notre connaissance, une première mondiale.
Pousset, Thierry. "Possibilités d'alimentation des décharges haute pression par des alimentations à résonance. Comparaison avec d'autres modes d'alimentation." Toulouse 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOU30070.
Full textPaquet, Alex. "Biodétection au moyen des modes de galerie de microsphères fluorescentes." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28672/28672.pdf.
Full textDe, Martino Antonello. "Étude théorique et expérimentale des niveaux vibrationnels excités du méthane." Paris 11, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA112231.
Full textThe first part of this thesis is devoted to a theoretical description of CH-stretching vibrations of methane as highly anharmonic local modes. Their approach provided an interpretation of the low-resolution absorption spectrum of methane in a very broad frequency range (from 3µm to the visible). Also, we calculated the energies of the numerous IR-inactive states, most of which are completely unknown experimentally. Then, the accuracies of predictions concerning 2v3 and 3v3 levels were checked experimentally by using the infrared double resonance technique. V3 and (2v3, F2) were the intermediate states. In order to assign the observed lines, we calculated vibration-rotation intensities for all possible types of bands for a tetra-hedral molecule and when anhamonicity overcomes Coriolis interactions, as it is the case for CH4. Four previously unknown components of 2v3 and 3v3 were localized. One of them, the (3v3, F2) level at 8907 cm-1, gives rise to highly perturbed IR band, of which we assigned for the first time a series of lines. The experimental energies of these four levels agree with the predicted values to within a few cm-1, as it was already the case for previously known stretching excited states
Patural, Laëtitia. "Modes d’action des éthers de cellulose sur la retention d’eau des mortiers à l’état frais." Thesis, Saint-Etienne, EMSE, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EMSE0605/document.
Full textCellulose ethers (CE) are commonly used as additives to improve the quality of cement-based materials. As admixtures, they improve the properties of mortars such as workability, open time and water retention. This study is devoted to improve the knowledge on the influence of cellulose ethers on the freshly-mixed mortars water retention. The aims of this thesis are to identify they key structural parameters of the CE which influence the water retention and to clarify the water retention mechanisms of CE in freshly mixed mortars.In this frame, the influence of cellulose ethers molecular parameters was explored. The results demonstrated that molecular weight is the key parameter concerning the water retention capacity of mortars. On the contrary, the substitution degrees seem to have a lower impact on this property. To understand water retention mechanisms, two ways were investigated. The first hypothesis is that there is a relationship between the rheological behavior of mortars and their ability to retain water upon contact with a substrate. The rheological study showed that CE are viscosity modifiers. Moreover, for CE with the same substitution parameters, mortar’s viscosity and its water retention seem to go hand in hand. However, this relationship is not so simple. Indeed, the water retention properties were measured for different mortars with close consistencies. This comparison demonstrated that the ability of mortars to retain water cannot be determined from its rheological behavior. In addition, other molecules such as starch derivatives, showed an opposite trend: the higher the consistency, the lower the water retention. Thus, mortar’s consistency is not the only parameter which can explain water retention capacities of CE-admixed mortars.The second hypothesis proposed to explain water retention properties is that cellulose derivatives form a diffusion barrier to water into the fresh mortar, because CE used to form film. The ability of polymers to reduce water mobility was investigated using two techniques of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR): NMR field gradient and relaxometry NMR. Using these two techniques, it was shown that the EC have no effect on the diffusion coefficient of water in the volume and surface of solids. A study conducted by relaxometry NMR highlighted the importance of the amount of water trapped temporarily at the surface of solids
Garnaud, Xavier. "Modes, dynamique transitoire et réponse forcée dans les jets circulaires." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00740133.
Full textLefier, Yannick. "Etudes du couplage spin-orbite en nano-photonique. applications à l'excitation unidirectionnelle de modes plasmoniques guidés et à la génération d'opto-aimants nanométriques contrôlables par l'état de polarisation de la lumière." Thesis, Besançon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BESA2065/document.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the manipulation of the angular momentum of light at the nanoscale.The total angular momentum of light is composed of a spin component, connected to the polarization degree of freedom of light, and an orbital component, related to the spatial degrees of freedom of the light which are its propagation direction (local and global) and its intensity distribution. The spin-orbit coupling between these two contributions allows the control of the spatial degrees of freedom of light by a simple manipulation of its circular polarization state. In this thesis, we have studied and applied this coupling at the nanoscale anbd we have highlighted two new phenomenas. The first one takes part of this coupling to allows unidirectional excitation of plasmonic guided modes. A complete study (numerical, experimental and analytical) of this new phenomenon, based on a coupling between the spin of the incident photon and the extrinsic orbital momentum of the plasmonic guided modes within the curvature of a waveguide, is presented. The second study propose a way to benefit from the transfer of the angular momentum of light to the free electrons gas in a metal to generate and control the direction and the geometry of nanoscale current loops in metallic structures. this control would at optical frequencies. This work was supported by the LABEX Action
Jouvaud, Camille. "Etude et application en micro-onde de l'hybridation de modes dans des systèmes localement résonants." Paris 7, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA077228.
Full textDevelopment of photonic media, and more recently of metamateriais has drawn a new interest in acoustic and electronnagnetic wave control. In this thesis, we propose an original approach of periodic lattice built with sub-wavelength resonators. Using electrodynamics analysis, we highlight collective phenomena of hybridization due to electromagnetic interactions. A model based on an approximation of resonators as electric and magnetic dipoles allows an analytical study. This approach must, on the one hand, be complementary to exciting models used to describe band gap apparition in locally periodic medium; and on the other hand, allow quantifying radiation properties of finite size media. This work has been applied to the design of a miniature antenna whose radiation pattern is controllable both in frequency and directivity. A sub-wavelength imaging device was also developed. It is based on the control of Iocalized eigen-modes. Finally, hybridization properties of modes between half wavelength resonators are exploited to design an antenna dedicated to Magnetic Resonance Imaging. This antenna is used to generate and control the distribution of the radio-frequency magnetic field in the imaging volume which is a major challenge with the field sise of MR1
Bsawmaii, Laure. "Exaltation des différents effets magnéto-optiques à l’aide de réseaux résonants diélectriques basés sur un nano-composite magnétique obtenu par voie sol-gel." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSES028.
Full textMagneto-optical (MO) photonic devices are currently highly desirable because of their ability to improve the sensitivity of biosensors or their sensitivity to the magnetic field. However, MO effects being rather small through classical magnetic films, it is relevant to find ways to enhance such effects which can manifest as light polarization rotation or intensity modification under magnetic field. The proposed device in this work to enhance MO effects is an all-dielectric planar structure formed by a 1D photoresist (PR) grating deposited on top of a MO film itself deposited on a glass substrate. Under coupling conditions through the grating, guided-modes (TE and TM) with narrow resonances are excited in the MO film by the incident light, increasing hence the light-matter interaction. Such coupling results as a dip (peak) in the transmittance (reflectance) spectrum. The MO film is a composite formed by magnetic nanoparticles (CoFe2 04) embedded in a silica matrix and obtained through sol-gel process. This nano-structurable composite can be easily deposited on common substrates with low annealing temperature (90°C), which is not the case of the most MO materials used within integrated optics platforms. Large enhancements of the different non-reciprocal polarization rotation effects (such as Faraday and longitudinal MO Kerr) were achieved experimentally and numerically through the all-dielectric resonant structure. The main results of this work concern the transverse MO Kerr effect (TMOKE). This effect induces a non-reciprocal spectral shift of the transmittance (reflectance) resonance upon magnetization reversal, resulting in an intensity modulation effect. TMOKE values up to 9.5% and 18.5% were measured respectively in transmission with T = 80% and in reflection with R = 5%. These large TMOKE values are mainly due to the high quality factor of TM transmittance (reflectance) resonances. The TMOKE signal for a single MO film is around 0.01%, hence an enhancement with three orders of magnitude was achieved through the fabricated structure. The reached measured TMOKE values are highly competitive with the literature where, to our knowledge, maximum values of 1.5% and 15% were experimentally demonstrated respectively through all-dielectric and magneto-plasmonic structures. Moreover, unexpected reciprocal magnetic effects were experimentally evidenced. Finally, the proposed all-dielectric structure is a low-cost device, which can be fabricated on large scale substrate, and able to enhance all the MO effects. Hence, it is a promising structure for non-destructive testing, magnetic field sensing and even biosensing
Fiachetti, Cécile. "Modèles du champ électromagnétique aléatoire pour le calcul du couplage sur un équipement électronique en chambre réverbérante à brassage de modes et validation expérimentale." Phd thesis, Université de Limoges, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00391379.
Full textSakat, Emilie. "Structures m étal-di électriques à r ésonance de mode guid é et applications au filtrage et à l'imagerie infrarouge." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00840623.
Full textGoudket, Hélène. "Etude de matériaux polymères, organiques et organo-minéraux, dopés par des colorants organiques : Application à la réalisation de sources laser intégrées." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00006577.
Full textPatural, Laëtitia, and Laëtitia Patural. "Modes d'action des éthers de cellulose sur la retention d'eau des mortiers à l'état frais." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00651804.
Full textBrissinger, Damien. "Étude et manipulation de modes résonants en champ proche optique." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00678449.
Full textKrowka, Joanna. "Etude des modes de résonance d'une torche à plasma d'arc associée à une injection synchrone pour la réalisation de dépôts par voie liquide." Thesis, Limoges, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIMO0014/document.
Full textSuspension plasma spraying permits to elaborate finely structured coatings with graded properties which address the needs, for example, in the photocatalytic applications, the solid oxide fuels or the thermal barrier coatings. However, the plasma torches, even powered by dc regulated sources, generate highly fluctuating plasma jets. These instabilities result in large variations in dynamic and heat transfers to particles, what decreases the reproducibility and reliability of the method. Consequently, the special efforts have to be devoted to ameliorate the suspension plasma spraying method and, thus, the properties of the coatings. In recent years, the research has been focused on the improvement of heat and momentum transfers between material and plasma by means of the development of new non-conventional torches and the reduction of arc instabilities. The following dissertation presents a new approach to the suspension plasma spraying. The profound studies of the plasma instabilities are performed, what leads to the production of the pulsed laminar plasma jet characterized by high modulation of the specific enthalpy. These regular plasma oscillations are combined with phased injection of suspension, what is achieved by using the ink-jet printer triggered by the arc voltage signal. The results are evaluated by time-resolved imaging system and the time-resolved emission optical spectroscopy. This new method presents the possibility to control heat and momentum transfers between the particles and the plasma
Baccouche, Yousra. "Caractérisation non linéaire de l'endommagement des matériaux composites par ondes guidées." Phd thesis, Université du Maine, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00840424.
Full textBrissinger, Damien. "Etude et manipulation de modes résonnants en champ proche optique." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00688008.
Full textBen, Brahim Nadia. "Approche multiéchelle pour le comportement vibratoire des structures avec un défaut de rigidité." Phd thesis, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01066795.
Full textDeneuville, François. "Contribution au contrôle non-destructif de billes en céramique par spectroscopie ultrasonore de résonances de modes sphéroïdaux." Valenciennes, 2007. http://ged.univ-valenciennes.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/172203b4-1f20-4838-b695-fc2517616c45.
Full textThe use of ceramic balls, in particular silicon nitride balls, allows a substantial improvement of bearing performances. For critical aerospace and space applications, there is a need for developing new nondestructive techniques for the inspection of these balls. As part of our contribution, we propose in this work to study the possibilities offered by a specific technique of resonant ultrasound spectroscopy of spheroidal modes. As shown by the theoretical study on elastic sphere vibrations, these modes allow to characterize the whole volume of balls or only the close-to-surface layers, according to the considered frequency range. To acquire the resonance spectra of these modes, a specific measurement system composed of a piezoelectric ultrasonic probe and an optical interferometer was developed. A self-implemented numerical processing of measured spectra allows to detect the resonance frequencies and to deduce from them the propagation velocity of the spheroidal waves in each inspected subsurface layers. Then, we propose a method based on these results that permit to estimate the elastic coefficients of the balls according to various inspection depths. The analysis of test series show that these tools can be used to check the quality of the balls’ material. Finally, a specific measurement processing is proposed in order to detect surface defects of weak dimensions. In conclusion, the studied spectroscopic method provides a complete inspection of bearing balls
Loret, François. "Décomposition sur les mouvements périodiques ou sur les modes résonants pour la simulation de la réponse transitoire d'un problème de tenue à la mer." Phd thesis, Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2004. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00002503.
Full textGuenneau, Flavien. "Relaxation magnétique nucléaire de systèmes couplés et exploitation des données unidimensionnelles au moyen d'un logiciel convivial (RMNYW)." Nancy 1, 1999. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_1999_0093_GUENNEAU.pdf.
Full textMagnin, Rémi. "Développements précliniques de nouveaux outils utilisant les ultrasons transcraniens guidés par IRM haut champ pour la délivrance de médicaments dans le cerveau et la stimulation non invasive de circuits neuronaux." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS037/document.
Full textBy preventing most of the molecules from penetrating the brain in sufficient quantitiy, the Blood Brain Barrier represents a major obstacle for the development of new therapeutic drugs for brain diseases. A new technique introduced in the early 2000’s combining focused ultrasound and circulating microbubbles has however shown promising results, allowing to induce a local and transient permeabilization of the BBB in a non-invasive manner, thus significantly improving the amount of drugs delivered to the Central Nervous System (CNS). However, this protocol may present some risks (oedema, small hemorrages) which can be avoided by a good control of the acoustic beam properties. To do so, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) represents a very useful tool since it allows planning, monitoring and following the permeabilization effects by using MRI contrast agents and quantitative imaging sequences (T1/T2 relaxometry). During this PhD, we worked on developing new tools for the study of ultrasound induced BBB permeabilization in rodents. The first part of this work consisted in developing a MR compatible motorized device, allowing the displacment of the ultrasound transducer within a 7T preclinic MRI scanner, with a realtime feedback on the acoustic beam position thanks to MR Acoustic Radiation Force Imaging (MR-ARFI). We have shown that this system allowed performing a full BBB permeabilization protocol under MR-guidance, with an accurate and reproducible choice of the targeted anatomical structure. This system was also used to deliver drugs along arbitrary trajectories over extended regions of the brain. Another part of the work was dedicated to study and improve the safety of the procedure. The influence of different acoustic parameters (acoustic pressure, duty cycle) on the permeabilization efficacy was studied, as well as histologic investigations of short and mid-term effects of BBB permeabilization for different acoustic pressures on healthy rats. Finally, we investigated the diffusion process of contrast agents within the brain tissues following BBB permeabilization. We have shown that this technique allowed accurate measurements of brain tissues tortuosity in a non-invasive way, and found that the tortuosity was not modified by the ultrasound application
Buy-Arnould, Clotilde. "Etude par résonance paramagnétique électronique en modes continu et pulsé des sites métalliques des ATPAses CF1 de chloroplastes d'épinard, Spinacia Oleracea, et TF1 de la bactérie thermophile Bacillus PS3." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ECAP0497.
Full textRaffaelli, Bernard. "Analyse semi-classique des phénomènes de résonance et d'absorption par des trous noirs." Phd thesis, Université Pascal Paoli, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00653074.
Full textShu, Da. "Réseaux résonnants accordables pour filtrage optique à bande étroite." Phd thesis, Ecole centrale de Marseille, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00781178.
Full textChhun, Labo. "Modes d'Alimentation et de Commande des lampes sodium haute pression en vue d’éviter les résonances acoustiques." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010INPT0009/document.
Full textFor high pressure sodium (HPS) lamps, the progress of semi-conductor technology has provided considerable advantages in the design of high frequency operated electronic ballasts, compared to conventional electromagnetic ballasts. The advantages deal with lamp lifetime improvement, ballast volume and mass reduction, and particularly with a better control of lamp operation for optimized power consumption. Among discharge lamps, high pressure sodium (HPS) lamp has excellent efficacy and long lifetime. However, when it is operated at high frequency, discharge perturbation namely “acoustic resonances (AR)” can provoke some lamp arc instabilities, extinction or, even worst, lamp destruction. The present thesis, entitled “Supply and control methods for acoustic resonances avoidance in high intensity discharge lamps” deals with several matters. High intensity discharge (HID) characteristics, AR phenomenon, its excitation conditions (including the original features of AR hysteresis) and lamp electrical parameters variation due to AR presence, will be studied. The obtained results were provided by simulations and experimentations carried out in LAPLACE laboratory. Thanks to the acquired results of previous studies, several novel lamp supply strategies via adjacent frequency signals injection were proposed. The main concepts here consist in the avoidance of AR presented in a lamp supplied by designed electronic ballast with reduced structure, compared to classical solutions. Otherwise, the presented methods are based on pertinent choices of injected signals applied to the lamp and their frequency distributions (two, three or five signals and symmetric, partial asymmetric or total asymmetric signals). The studies actually showed better spreading of signal spectrum and power harmonic amplitudes reduction adapted to AR excitation conditions, while taking into account crest factor limitation. Finally, different control laws (PI, Hysteresis, Self-oscillation, Resonant controllers) were also proposed in order to guarantee lamp discharge stabilization and power controls. The theoretical and experimental studies including simulations were conducted to reach concluding results of our works
Bourguignon-Mirebeau, Jennifer. "Préconditionnement de méthodes de décomposition de domaine pour les problèmes de diffraction d'ondes électromagnétiques impliquant une cavité profonde." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00651957.
Full textSchiavoni, Michele. "DYNAMIQUE DES ATOMES DANS UN RESEAU OPTIQUE DISSIPATIF : MODES DE PROPAGATION, RESONANCE STOCHASTIQUE, DIFFUSION DIRIGEE." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00003129.
Full textNous reportons l'observation directe des modes de propagation Brillouin par imagerie et nous étudions le lien avec la résonance optique que l'on observe dans les spectres pompe-sonde. Nous montrons l'existence de modes noirs, pour lesquels un mode de propagation est excité sans qu'il soit détectable par spectroscopie.
Nous utilisons les réseaux optiques comme système modèle pour la physique statistique. Nous montrons l'existence d'une résonance stochastique pour l'excitation du mode de propagation Brillouin.
Enfin, nous reportons l'observation d'une diffusion dirigée d'atomes dans un potentiel périodique symétrique, obtenue grâce à la brisure de la symétrie temporelle du système.
Monrozeau, Charlotte. "Nouvelle méthode expérimentale dédiée à l'étude des modes collectifs dans les noyaux exotiques.Influence de la superfluidité sur le temps de refroidissement d'une étoile à neutrons." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00221226.
Full textUn modèle Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov à température finie a été mis au point pour décrire les dix cellules de Wigner-Seitz composant l'écorce interne des étoiles à neutrons et calculer microscopiquement leur chaleur spécifique. Les calculs ont été réalisés en utilisant deux forces d'appariement de contact : une force reproduisant les propriétés d'appariement obtenues dans l'approximation BCS et une force simulant les effets d'écrantage du milieu. En faisant l'hypothèse d'un scénario de refroidissement rapide du cœur et une température initiale de 100 keV dans l'écorce, le temps de refroidissement de l'étoile a été estimé à 9 et 34 ans respectivement.
Lefevre, Fabien. "Caractérisation de structures du type plaque par ondes guidées générées et détectées par laser." Valenciennes, 2010. http://ged.univ-valenciennes.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/24980ba6-f06c-4c75-988a-16e1228d2e42.
Full textThe deposition of thin layers on substrates is more and more required in many applications. For example, to reach high technical performance, bumpers or other parts are nickeled to improve their impermeability and resistance. Another example in microelectronics is the realization of transistors found in LCDs where they are associated with each pixel. The use of these layer/substrate structures is growing, so the importance of having non-destructive techniques to monitor and characterize them is well understood. The point in using ultrasonic waves for non-destructive testing and evaluation of various materials and structures is well known. In this work, the aim was to use guided waves to monitor and to characterize plaque-like structures. The main advantage of using these modes lies in their ability to test very large areas and inaccessible structures. For the generation and detection of guided waves, the laser ultrasonics technique was preferred. It is a broadband and non contact method which doesn't imply the use of coupling medium and which can be adapted to complex geometries. To take full advantage of this technique, it has been combined with neural networks in order to solve the inverse problem posed by the propagation of guided waves. As a result, an original, e cient and polyvalent characterization method has been obtained, which allowed us to determine the geometric properties and / or the elastic parameters of di erent plate-like structures. Structures made of silicon have been studied with this method. Finite element simulations and studies concerning the in uence of defects, including adhesion, on the waves propagation are also presented