Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Résines époxydes – Synthèse (chimie)'
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Richard, Tiphaine. "Lignin etherification : a clean and efficient pathway to biobased epoxy resins." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ULILR051.
Full textThis manuscript presents new ways of synthesising lignin-based epoxy resins by homogeneous catalysis without bisphenol A or epichlorohydrin. Thus, this thesis relates several etherification processes of technical lignins with the purpose to graft unsaturation(s) prior to oxidation. Ruthenium-catalysed allylation of phenols was first studied and led to the efficient modification of lignin's aliphatic hydroxyl groups. Then, the use of a “linker”, which can be modified to bear the unsaturations and then grafted onto lignin, was studied. Nickel-catalysed butadiene-hydroalkoxylation and telomerisation on glycerol carbonate linkers were performed in high yields. The scale-up of the obtained modified lignin was studied using palladium-catalysed telomerisation and led to the development of cyclic carbonate decarboxylation to simplify the following lignin purification steps. Finally, the unsaturations of the modified lignin were epoxidised, leading to the preparation of a lignin-based epoxy-resin. A large range of analytical methods were used throughout the thesis to characterise lignins, such as NMR and FT-IR spectroscopy as well as thermal properties with DSC and TGA
Guyot, Bernard. "Synthèses d'acrylates fluorés alpha-modifiés, polymérisations et applications." Montpellier 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995MON20091.
Full textTitier, Christelle. "Synthèse par extrusion réactive et caracterisation de prepolymères epoxy-amine multiméthacryliques." Lyon, INSA, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ISAL0031.
Full textThe aim of this study is the synthesis of epoxy-amine multimethacrylic prepolymer by reactive extrusion. By epoxy-amine polycondensation, the GMA/DGEBA/diamine ( 6/1/2) reactive system leads to the one-step formation of prepolymers which terminal double bonds can further react to form a three-dimensional network. The first part presents the study of the system in batch and the choice of efficient amines and catalysts with a view to synthesis in the extruder. From the numerous epoxy-amine kinetic studies and mechanisms proposed in the literature, the reaction of prepolymer formation can be simulated with model systems. In the second part, after a bibliographic study concerning reactive extrusion and parameters which are important for processing, prepolymers have been synthesized using a corotating twin-screw extruder at several temperatures and with different screw configurations. Residence time distributions, measured using biphenyl as tracer, allowed to see the influence of temperature and screw configuration on the mean residence time and on the prepolymer conversion at the exit. Experiments have also be done with modified systems, with other amines and elastomers for example. Networks obtained from extruded prepolymers were characterized by dynamic mechanical analysis and compared in the third part
Bonzon, Valérie. "Valorisation chimique des hémicelluloses : synthése de polyols furaniques, séparation du L-arabinose, obtention de résines époxydes." Toulouse, INPT, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993INPT015G.
Full textBougherara, Chaabane. "Synthèse d'oligomères téléchéliques par modification chimique : application aux résines époxydes et à leurs durcisseurs." Montpellier 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MON20194.
Full textBreton, Yannick. "Synthèse et fonctionnalisation de nanotubes de carbone multiparois : propriétés mécaniques de composites nanotubes-résine époxyde." Orléans, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ORLE2033.
Full textSilinski, Brigitte. "Polymérisation sous micro-ondes de résines époxydes et polyuréthannes : application à la synthèse de réseaux interpénétrés." Toulouse, INPT, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990INPT046G.
Full textDirand, Xavier. "Etude des interfaces et interphases verre/résine vinylester." Mulhouse, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994MULH0444.
Full textGelin, Marie-Pierre. "Synthèse et étude des propriétés thermiques de nouveaux bismaleimides cristaux liquides." Toulon, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOUL0020.
Full textThe subject relates to the achievement of original bismaleimides including a mesogenic group and a flexible spacer and to the study of their properties. These new monomers have a symmetrical molecular structure which comprises a mesogenic group of type phenylbenzoate or aromatic amide and a flexible structure of type polymethylenic, polyoxyethylenic or organofluorine. The flexible groups are connected to the mesogenic groups by an ether or ester junction. A study of the thermal properties and the cross-linking of these compounds in the liquid crystalline state were carried out. These new materials present, according to their structure, of the interesting glass temperatures. With aromatic amides, these temperatures are higher than 300°C. The correlations between structure and thermal properties were specified. These correlations give interesting development prospects in the field of the thermosetting resins
Oumzil, Khalid. "Synthèse totale d’hétéro et de dihétéro stéroïdes." Aix-Marseille 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AIX30011.
Full textCondensation of 1,8-bis(trimethylsilyl)octa-2,6-diene with chloroacetic anhydride followed by basic treatment, led to the spirodivinylcyclopentanic epoxide, which is a good precursor of molecules bearing an heteroatome. The formation of the thioacetate gives access to a set of 11-thia steroids diversely substituted on the A ring. The very good selectivity of Diels-Alder reactions led to the isomers with the natural trans-anti-trans stereochemistry. We also achieved the first efficient synthesis of an azabenzocyclobutene, precursor of 3-aza steroids bearing an aromatic A ring through a five steps sequence from BISTRO and more than 42 % overall yield. Moreover, using our azabenzocyclobutene and the same strategy developed previously, we have achieved the first total synthesis of 3-aza-11-thia and 3-aza-11-oxa steroids through a five steps sequence from BISTRO with respectively 18 and 19 % overall yield
Baziard, Yves. "Synthèse sous micro-ondes et caractérisation physico-chimique de matériaux composites à matrice polymère thermodurcissable et à renfort métallique finement divisé." Toulouse, INPT, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986INPT002G.
Full textLabbé, Amélie. "Polymérisation anionique des époxydes et des éthers glycidiques par activation du monomère : régulation de la réactivité et application à la synthèse de polymères fonctionnels." Bordeaux 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BOR13481.
Full textPeillex-Tran, Anh Van. "Contribution à l'étude des interactions micro-ondes-matière condensée : application à quelques exemples de la chimie organique." Lyon 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LYO10235.
Full textDagot, Laurent. "Etude d'un système polyphasique en vue de l'enrobage de déchets nucléaires pulvérulents." Toulouse, INPT, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994INPT022G.
Full textCapelot, Mathieu. "Chimie de Polycondensation, Polymères Supramoléculaires et Vitrimères." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00803168.
Full textHanouneh, Ahmad. "Synthèse asymétrique d'amines en phase solide." Montpellier 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993MON20211.
Full textRoume, Chantal. "Synthèse de monomères multiépoxydes et de leurs dérivés acryliques à propriétés thermiques améliorées." Montpellier 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON20039.
Full textRejsek, Virginie. "Application de la polymérisation anionique des époxydes par activation du monomère à la synthèse de copolymères." Bordeaux 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BOR13503.
Full textDan, Wei. "Études micromécaniques de l'endommagement des mousses syntactiques." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987ECAP0037.
Full textCastries, Augustin de. "Synthèse de dérivés du cyclam et applications de leurs complexes métalliques dans des procédés catalytiques de chimie verte." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007VERS0013.
Full textThis work has been devoted to the synthesis of various macrocycles derived from cyclam bearing sulfinyl and sulfonyl pendant arms and to the study of their potential applications in catalysis. The first part describes the synthesis of perfluorinated macrocycles by Michael addition on various perfluorinated acceptors. The catalytic activity of the corresponding complexes has been studied in autoxidation under fluorous biphasic conditions. The second part describes the synthesis of macrocycles from arylvinylsulfoxides and sulfones. The auxiliary role of the sulfinyl and sulfonyl moieties in the complexation of metallic cations Cu2+ and Eu3+ has been studied. The catalytic activity of the Cu (II) complexes and their ligands has been evaluated in catalytic reactions of Michael additions and ring opening of epoxides in aqueous and organic medium. The third part is devoted to the development of solid phase synthesis for the preparation of trifunctionnalized cyclams
Naharisoa, Hanitra. "Synthèse peptidique en phase solide sur support polyacrylique : utilisation du milieu aqueux lors des déprotections et neutralisations." Montpellier 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON20072.
Full textGravil, Sébastien. "Utilisation d'enzymes en synthèse organique : accès à des alcools allyliques et époxydes d'esters d'énols chiraux, acétates de pyranose de configuration anomérique fixée." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004CLF21521.
Full textBadey, Jean-Philippe. "Modifications superficielles de films et fibres de poly(tétrafluoroéthylène) par plasma micro-ondes pour améliorer leur aptitude au mouillage et à l'adhésion avec une résine époxy." Lyon 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LYO10259.
Full textSerhani, Driss. "Synthèse de nouveaux précurseurs de type tétrathiafulvalène utilisables dans les domaines de la microlithographie et des matériaux organiques conducteurs." Montpellier 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON20302.
Full textAbiuso, Maria. "Pentaalkylguanidines : étude par RMN de la basicité ; synthèse et activité catalytique de résiines polystyrène modifiées." Lyon 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LYO10310.
Full textRobert, Carine. "Synthèse Tandem de Polyesters alternés à partir de Ressources Renouvelables." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2012. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00830370.
Full textBurger, Benjamin Jean-Baptiste François. "Tensio-actifs macrocycliques chiraux dérivés de sucres : synthèse, propriétés de complexation, auto-agrégation et application pour la mise en oeuvre de réactions sélectives en milieu micellaire aqueux." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005VERS0015.
Full textCe travail est consacré à l'étude de la régio- et stéréosélectivité de réactions en milieu micellaire aqueux. L'étude de l'ouverture de l'époxystyrène en solution micellaire aqueuse d'un tensioactif cationique (bromure de dodécyltriméthyl ammonium) montre que la chimiosélectivité (hydrolyse/bromolyse) et la régio-sélectivité sont contrôlées par la partition et son orientation dans les agrégats. Un tensio-actif chiral (DAC12) constitué de deux blocs amphiphiles dérivés du glucose liés à un macrocycle a été préparé, ses propriétés de complexation et d'agrégation étudiées. Des réactions d'ouverture d'époxyde et d'additions de Michael ont été réalisées en solutions aqueuses micellaires de DAC12. Une légère énantiosélectivité est observée lors de la bromolyse du 2,3-époxypropylbenzène par contre l'addition de -cétoesters sur des cétones conjuguées, bien que favorisée en présence de DAC12, n'est pas stéréosélective. Ces additions-1,4, catalysées par des acides de Lewis Cu(II) ou Eu(III), peuvent être réalisées sans solvant ni tensio-actif avec d'excellents rendements
Grelet, Danielle. "Ouverture d'époxydes par la triphénylphosphine en milieu phénolique." Montpellier 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON20244.
Full textIshak, Dridi Islem. "Synthèse stéréosélective et réactivité des 4-hydroxy-1-boryl-1-allénylsilanes. Synthèse et étude théorique de nouveaux dérivés de dimères benzimidazolo-1,3,5,2-triazaphosphorine-2-oxydes." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=http://theses-intra.upmc.fr/modules/resources/download/theses/2019SORUS573.pdf.
Full textThis thesis has focused on two different topics. Firstly, the synthesis of 1-silylalleneborane was studied, for the first time, from acetylenic epoxide and a silylborane. This method allows the stereoselective and stereospecific preparation of allenylboranes through an anti SNi mechanism. Subsequently, propargylation of the aldehydes using allenes afforded stereoselective access to the corresponding 2-alkynyldiols-1,3. A six-member closed transition state has been proposed for this last transformation which proceeds via a SE2' type mechanism. The scope and limitations of these two reactions have been explored.Finally, the electrophilic and nucleophilic reactivity of imidates resulting from the condensation of 2-aminobenzimidazole on a variety of orthoesters was studied as a route for the preparation of N-benzimidazole dimers. We also studied the synthesis of [1,2a] benzimidazolo-1,3,5,2-triazaphosphorin-2-oxide dimers through the action of hexamethylphosphoramide on N-benzimidazole dimers, the evaluation of the antioxidant activity of these new compounds formed (amidic and phospho-nitrogen dimers) is in progress
Tocquet, Fabienne. "Application de la méthode du spin-trapping à l'étude de la polymérisation spontanée de monomèresa cryliques." Aix-Marseille 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994AIX30105.
Full textHamoui, Bachar. "Synthèse de nouveaux monomères phosphonés : télomérisation et applications." Montpellier 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON20183.
Full textVidil, Thomas. "Contrôle du procédé d'élaboration et des propriétés d'un matériau époxy via la chimie supramoléculaire." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066142.
Full textControlling the pot life and the gelation of epoxy resins is a crucial issue in thermosets processing. In this study, we report about the control of the gel time (tgel) and the gel conversion (xgel) for the cationic polymerization of commercial epoxy resins. To this end, hydroxyl additives are used as chain transfer agent to control xgel. Concurrently, oligo(ethylene oxide) additives are used to vary tgel as a result of the supramolecular complexation of the anilinium cations responsible for the polymerization’s initiation. We show that the combination of these two control levers enables the exploration of a wide range of tgel and xgel values. When a cyclic oligo(ethylene oxide) (18-crown-6) is used, anilinium cations are stabilized on very long period as a result of strong host-guest interactions. In absence of transfer agent, a slight increase of temperature is enough to observe the dissociation of the anilinium•18-crown-6 complex and the fast initiation of polymerization. The anilinium•18-crown-6 complex can be isolated and used as a thermoresponsive initiator presenting a high apparent activation energy. When used in combination with hydroxyl additives, a temperature increase results in a long delay of polymerization followed by the rapid completion of the material’s reticulation. By varying the composition of the initial mixture it is possible to tailor the duration of the polymerization’s delay. Thus, the resulting system is programmable and exhibits a clock like behavior. This chemistry is then extended to the copolymerization of diepoxy and monoepoxy resins to control the crosslink’s density of the material and thus, the properties of the final networks
Jimenez, Maude. "Étude des mécanismes de protection et de réaction au feu dans les revêtements intumescents : application aux résines époxydiques." Lille 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LIL10161.
Full textThis study concerns an epoxy based intumescent coating, applied on offshore platforms. It has to ensure protection of steel in case of “jet fires”. Two main fire retardants provide this intumescent effect: boric acid and a coated ammonium polyphosphate. In the first part of the thesis the mechanisms of thermal degradation, the visco-elastic behaviour of the formulation and its fire protective effect have been investigated. The results show that interactions exist between boric acid and the coated ammonium polyphosphate: their degradation products react together to yield borophosphate. Which provide good hardness of the carbonaceous residue and its adhesion to the steel plate. Mineral silicates provide the structural cohesion of the char, allowing the creation of a hard upper layer, which is crucial in jet fires, as the char has to resist into strong conditions. The second part is dedicated to the development of a panel of lab scale analyses which allow predicting the behaviour of a coating in a fire. The viscoelastic properties of the intumescent char are proven to be well correlated with those obtained at large scale, simulating hydrocarbon fire conditions. However, these tests do not predict the heat barrier effect of the coating. Moreover, a small scale test has been developed in order to simulate the time/temperature profiles of the investigated formulations. The results obtained are directly correlated with the large scale tests results. The combination of the different tests then allows preliminary testing of a numerous formulations in order to optimise the reference coating
Nguyen, Thi Bich Viet. "Synthèse et Caractérisation de POSS (Polyhedral Oligomeric SilSesquioxane) greffé POE. Application aux Systèmes Epoxy-Amine à base Aqueuse." Phd thesis, Université du Sud Toulon Var, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00617530.
Full textArseniyadis, Stellios. "Utilisation de dérivés de diamines bis-sulfonylées de symétrie C2 comme agents d'acétylation énantiosélective pour la résolution cinétique d'amines : Mise au point de nouvelles résines fonctionnalisées pour la synthèse sur phase solide." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002STR13186.
Full textLlevot, Audrey. "Dimères d’acides résiniques et de dérivés de la lignine : nouveaux précurseurs pour la synthèse de polymères bio-sourcés." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0323/document.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to investigate new biobased rigid synthons for the synthesis of polymers with high thermomechanical properties. A polycyclic biobased molecule, i.e resinic acids, and phenolic compounds potentially derived from lignin, such as vanillin were selected. Both classes of substrates were dimerized in order to get difunctional symmetric synthons. On the one hand, abietic acid dimers synthesized via a cationic mechanism presented an ill-defined structure. To avoid reactivity issues, dimers with reactive terminal double bonds were successfully synthesized by esterification of abietic acid dimers with undecenol and polymerized by ADMET methodology. On the other hand, we developed a “green” process to dimerize phenolic compounds derived from lignin in large quantity and high yield via enzymatic catalysis using a laccase. The main advantage of this method is that the phenolic monomer is soluble in the reaction medium while the dimer precipitates. After chemical modifications of the dimers, we built a functional bio-platform of biphenyl derivatives. The latter were then used for the synthesis of polyesters, polyamides and epoxy resins which exhibited remarkable thermal and thermomechanical properties
Chardin, Charline. "Design et synthèse de nouveaux sels organiques pour le développement de polyélectrolytes." Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMC278/document.
Full textSince the beginning of the 21th century, Ionic liquids (ILs) have been an important source of innovation in chemical academic and industrial research because they can be synthesized, modulated and used then in many applications. Because of their advantages, ILs are of great interest in the field of polymer materials. Thus, this work describes the synthesis of original organic salts to develop innovative polyelectrolytes. For this, we have developed new routes to access to imidazolium salts functionalized by reactive epoxide functions thanks to the development of an effective and flexible oxidative methodology, feasible on a large scale. The thermal analysis of this salts revealed a very good thermal stability up to 400°C and a low glass transition temperature between -60 °C and -26 °C generally. Following these results, the study was extended to anions to provide epoxides associated with novel sulfonimides. During this second phase, the insertion of epoxide functions on the sulfonimide anion was successfully carried out allowing access to different prepolymers such as a triepoxide cation/anion. In a second part, we carried out a mechanistic study using a monoepoxide salt in the presence of different amines to identify the main active sites during the polymerization. According to this information, we have confirmed the stability of the imidazolium and the very good reactivity of the epoxide with various amines leading to a better understanding of the overall architecture of the network. From this work, a novel epoxy network was prepared in collaboration with the polymer materials engineering laboratory (IMP) of INSA of Lyon. For this, a diepoxide salt was selected and copolymerized in the presence of a diamine hardener (Jeffamine D230) in order to design flexible epoxy/amine networks having very interesting properties in comparison with conventional epoxy networks
Barozzino, Consiglio Gabriella. "Organometallics in regio- and enantio-selective synthesis : structures and reactivity." Rouen, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ROUES022.
Full textQuesto lavoro di tesi è stato focalizzato su due tematiche alla chimica degli organometalli (ed in particolare degli organolitio derivati). Nella prima parte sono state studiate le reazioni di isomerizzazione in presenza di superbasi bimetalliche ed è stata esaminata la reattività di aziridine funzionlizzate. Due meccanismi sono possibili : la β-eliminazione e la ciclizzazione 4-exo intramolecolare. Dato che la reazione è accompagnata dalla formazione di uno o più centri stereogenici, è stata anche studiata una versione asimmetrica. La seconda parte descrive uno studio di fosfine-borani litiati. Questo lavoro è parte di un programma consistente nella sintesi di alchifosfine P-stereogeniche enantioarricchite. Il nostro contributo consiste nella determinazione della struttura di una litio fosfide-borano (Ph2P(BH3)Li) grazie alla tecnica di analisi NMR multinucleare (1H, 6Li, 13C, 11B, 31P). È stata anche analizzata l'affinità della lithio fosfide per il BuLi e poi per l'LDA
This work focuses on two studies related to organometallic chemistry (organolithiums). In the first chapter, isomerisation reactions are conducted in the presence of bimetallic superbases and the evolution of functionalized aziridines is examinated. Two issues are possible for this transformation : the β-elimination or the 4-exo intracyclic cyclisation. Because the reaction leads to the formation of stereogenic center(s), an asymmetric version is also studied with 3-APLi's. The second chapter describes a structural study of lithiated phosphine-boranes. This work is part of a program consisting in the enantioselective synthesis of P-stereogenic alkylphosphines. Our contribution consists in the determination of the structure of a model lithiated phosphine-borane (Ph2P(BH3)Li) thanks to the multinuclear (1H, 6Li, 13C, 11B, 31P) NMR technique. The affinity for the phosphide to BuLi then LDA has also been examinated
Serrano, Léonard. "Systèmes époxyde : cuisson hors autoclave et basse température." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU30007/document.
Full textThe main issues concerning composite part manufacturing (cost, manufacturing time, mechanical performances, etc.) are closely linked to the means of curing, mainly autoclaves; which do not only generate very high installation and maintenance costs, but also limit production rates because of the length of the cycles. In order to reduce this dependence, non-autoclave manufacturing processes have been envisaged (Quickstep, Roctool, VARTM, VBO ...) therefore leading to modifications in the design of the materials intended for these processes (including kinetics, rheology, fiber impregnation methods). In order to limit the changes in terms of manufacturing process, raw materials, environment products and implementation conditions, this study is based on the Vacuum Bag Only process. Several semi-product developments in recent years have made it possible to increase the robustness of this manufacturing process, thereby overcoming the lack of external pressure during an oven cure. However, the viability of these products in relation to their implementation still needs to be demonstrated, as well as the understanding of the air removal mechanisms and the estimation of the achievable mechanical properties compared to their autoclave counterpart
Glaris, Patrice. "Ingénierie de surface de matériaux composites pour l’aéronautique : chimie et topographie de surface, une aide au démoulage ?" Thesis, Le Mans, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LEMA1027/document.
Full textCurrently , the molds used for making aircraft composite piecess are made of metal alloys ( FeNi Invar ) popular for their low coefficient of expansion. However, these alloys have several drawbacks ( weight, price , delivery time ) which encourage manufacturers to rotate to other materials. In this context, the epoxy composites / carbon fibers are an interesting altemative given their mechanical properties similar to Invar while combining lightness and ease of implementation . However , with such molds, phenomena of adhesion may occur between the infused epoxy resin constituting the future piece , and the mold itself made of an epoxy resin. Their close nature promotes diffusion phenomena or molecular interactions involved in the adhesion of polymers.The works presented in this thesis is therefore to minimize all phenomena promoting the adhesion between two epoxy resins (one being cured in contact with the second). To do this, the work is focused on sustainable change in the physicochemistry and the surface topography of the epoxy resin component mold. These two parameters are indeed identified as essential for obtaining surfaces prerequisited low wetting character , for good adhesion with a third body. At first , the physicochemistry of the resin surface of the mold was permanently changed using a fluorinated additive grafted beforehand on the epoxy resin. The mechanism of fluorination of the surface has been studied and a critical step in migration of the fluorinated additive towards the air / resin interface during curing has been identified. In a second step , a controlled micrometer scale roughness is applied to the surface of the resin as amended . The surface properties arising are studied and show an accentuation of low wetting character of fluorinated resins . Finally, the properties of interfaces between the modified epoxy resins constituting the mold and blank epoxy resin representing a molded part are studied via a mechanical test. The results obtained ( strength and type of failure ) are put in contact with the surface of the modified epoxy resin properties
Caisso, Marie. "Etude structurale de la synthèse de microsphères d’U1-xAmxO2±δ dédiées à la fabrication de couvertures chargées en américium." Thesis, Montpellier, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MONTT204/document.
Full textOne of the studied routes to reduce nuclear waste amount, is, after plutonium recycling, americium (Am) heterogeneous transmutation in fast neutron reactors, through the generation of short-lives and inert elements. Am irradiation requires the fabrication of U1-xAmxO2±δ pellets and the CRMP (Calcined Resin Microsphere Pelletization) process is currently considered as one the most promising candidate among other fabrication routes. It is based, before pellet sintering, on the compaction of U1-XAmXO2±δ oxide microspheres, synthetized through the thermal conversion of ion exchange resin microspheres, loaded with UO22+ and Am3+ cations. Compared to standard methods using powder metallurgy, CRMP process favours pressing step (easy microsphere flow) while limiting generation of highly radioactive Am-based fine particles. In this context, this PhD work was focused on the exhaustive characterization of CRMP process different steps, from a mechanistic and structural point of view. The cation molecular complex used in the resin was thus determined, highlighting carboxylic bidendate ligand binding around U and Am elements. Thermal conversion was also in-situ followed, and the structures of the different synthetized compounds evidenced and accurately characterized, i.e. (U1-XAmX)3O8 et U1-XAmXO2±δ. Am substitution in each of them was explained, revealing related distortions around U and Am cations. Finally, sintering of U1-XAmXO2-δ microspheres shaped into pellets was studied, showing a two-step densification. This unusual behavior corresponds to multi-scale reorganization into the material during sintering thermal treatment, associated to the presence of nanoparticles in the green pellet that sinter at low temperature
Hansupo, Nittaya. "Fundamental aspects of intumescent systems for fire protection of steel structures." Thesis, Lille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL1R005.
Full textThe goal of this PhD work is to get an insight into the mechanisms of action of epoxy based intumescent coating to be able to provide the outlooks for the development of novel systems of higher protection against fire. The intumescent formulation is highly complex system. This work focuses particularly on the key components of which the understanding of the mechanisms of action is still lacking. Firstly, the mechanisms of action of borates were investigated in both chemical and thermo-physical modifications; the combination of the results obtained from different aspects allows drawing its mode of action. On the one hand, borates in particular boric acid have been mentioned to be Carcinogenic, Mutagenic, Reprotoxic (CMR); the substitution of these important intumescent components are necessary. The results point out the important role and high reactivity of zinc (i.e. from zinc borate), this suggests the development of novel systems by incorporating zinc based compound instead of zinc borate. Secondly, the effect of CaCO3 on fire protective properties and its mechanism of action in intumescent coating were examined. The addition of CaCO3 improves the fire protective properties and adhesion/cohesion of the coating and its mechanism of action was fully justified. Additionally, various carbonates (i.e. MgCO3, ZnCO3, Na2CO3, K2CO3) as intumescent ingredient were also examined. The use of MgCO3 as intumescent ingredient is beneficial for the fire protective properties of the coating as well as the use of CaCO3. In this work, the mechanisms of action of borates and carbonates were fully examined. The results suggest the development of novel systems with using the alternative ingredients such as zinc-based compound or MgCO3
Remy, Elodie. "Etude de la synthèse de sphères d'oxydes d'actinides et/ou de lanthanides et de leur aptitude à la céramisation." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON20194.
Full textIn the framework of research on the back-end of the nuclear fuel cycle, and notably projects on transmutation of americium (Am), an innovative manufacturing process of Minor Actinides Bearing Blanket (MABB) has been developed.This process, called CRMP (Calcined Resin Microsphere Pelletization), consists in the production of mixed uranium-americium oxide pellets by a non-conventional route involving microspheres. Pellets are produced by pressing and sintering oxide precursors in the form of millimetric beads obtained by mineralization of ion exchange resin loaded with uranium and americium cations. The advantage of such a process compared to conventional powder metallurgy is to overcome the problem of the handling of very fine powders.The method was first validated and optimized for the production of ceria pellets. Then uranium dioxide pellets with tailored microstructure (dense or porous) were produced in order to reach the required specifications for MABB. In a third phase, the process has been applied to the synthesis of single-phase mixed oxide microspheres composed of U1-xCexO2±δ (0.1 ≤ x ≤ 0.3) and U0;9Am0.1O2±δ. The technical feasibility of CRMP process has been validated for the production of dense mixed oxide pellets by pressing and sintering these microspheres. A U0, 9Am0,1O2±δ pellet with homogeneous microstructure with a density equals to 95 % of theoretical density was successfully produced using CRMP process
Gérard, Caroline. "Contribution of nanoparticles to the flame retardancy of epoxy resins." Thesis, Lille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LIL10034/document.
Full textThis thesis aims at flame-retarding an epoxy resin through the use of nanoparticles. Incorporation of Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane (POSS) or carbon nanotubes alone in the matrix provides little enhancement of the reaction to fire. The covalent functionalization of carbon nanotubes by grafting fire-retardant moieties has been carried out and characterized, but it does not enhance the reaction to fire of the epoxy matrix filled with carbon nanotubes. The combination between a phosphorus-based flame-retardant (APP) and carbon nanotubes reveals an antagonistic effect between these two fillers. On the contrary, using POSS in combination with APP provides a synergy. The study of the thermal degradation of these systems shows that the interactions between these fillers modify the viscosity of the degraded matrix. The trapping of degradation gases is enhanced in the case of APP/POSS, which results in the creation of a protective layer earlier than with the reference system containing APP alone. Furthermore, the presence of POSS permits the creation of silicophosphates which reinforce the residue. On the contrary, the residue of the formulation containing carbon nanotubes is excessively stiff and it cracks during combustion, hindering the proper formation of the protective layer
Coussot, Cahuzac Aline. "Etude de nouveaux monomères et oligomères fluorés photoréticulables : application aux revêtements étanches à l'eau pour fibres optiques télécommunication." Montpellier 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994MON20098.
Full textCiret, Jérémy. "Investigation of intumescent coatings for fire protection : application to jet-fire." Thesis, Lille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIL10187/document.
Full textThe aim of this study is to understand and to explain behaviours exhibited by four epoxy based intumescent formulations used on offshore platforms facing to jet-fire. A jet-fire is a turbulent diffusion flame resulting from the combustion of a fuel continuously released with some significant momentum. It represents a significant element of the risk on offshore installations. Regarding the formulation studied, we have developed three approaches. Firstly, the visco-elastic behaviour and mechanical resistance of the formulations have been investigated. The results show that pentaerythritol causes a viscosity decrease at lower temperature that appears as prejudicial to maintain efficient char on steel substrate. In a second part, chemical evolutions of the intumescent formulation have been determined thanks to solid-state NMR and X-Ray diffraction. Interactions between ammonium polyphosphate and respective carbon sources present in formulations have been assumed, yielding to the formation of char and production of phosphorus residues. Then these phosphorus residues react at high temperature with TiO2 to form a crystalline structure TiP2O7 suspected to enhance mechanical properties and flame retardant performance. In a last part, furnace fire tests confirm this enhancement. Furthermore a new small-scale experimental setup is developed mimicking large scale jet-fire resistance test in order to obtain rapidly and at low cost reliable behaviours of a large number of formulations facing to high load mixing radiative heat and flame impact. First results have been correlated with the large-scale ones and different geometries have been considered
El, Haj Brahim Ichrak. "Préparation stéréosélective de 2-alcynyldiols-1,3 ou 2-alcynylaminoalcools-1,3 : synthèse des hétérocycles condensés issus du 2- aminobenzonitrile." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2023SORUS495.pdf.
Full textThis thesis revolved around two distinct research avenues. Firstly, we delved into the synthesis of 4-hydroxy-1-boryl-1-allenylsilanes, adopting an innovative approach using acetylenic epoxide and silylborane. This method enabled a stereoselective and stereospecific preparation of allenylboranes, following an SNi anti mechanism. Moreover, we employed these allenes for the propargylation of aldehydes, which led to the stereoselective formation of the corresponding 2-alkynyl-1,3-diols. A transition state involving a closed six-membered ring structure was proposed for this transformation, suggesting an SE2' mechanism. The scope and limitations of these processes were meticulously assessed. Subsequently, the second focus of the thesis pertained to the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds starting from 2-aminobenzonitrile, with a particular emphasis on the 1,2,4-triazole. Following this, we synthesized dimers and investigated their reactivity towards electrophiles, such as hexamethylphosphoramide, aiming to generate diazaphorine derivatives. As of now, an evaluation is underway to gauge the antioxidant properties of the newly synthesized molecules, especially the iminic and phosphoazo dimers
El, Gazzani Samira. "De la définition à la mise en forme de feutres imprégnés expansés à base de formules résineuses répondant aux exigences de REACH." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016INPT0099/document.
Full textThis work was performed within the framework of an industrial project of Roxel company. The project aim was the substitution of phenolic resin in an expanded composite material: the Roxalte®. This material is made of basalt mat impregnated by phenolic resin which expands under heating by the action of expandable microspheres (Expancel®). The second objective of this work is to provide a methodology for foaming optimization. REACH compliant epoxy resins were selected as substitute. Our choice was guided by the physical-chemical characterization of phenolic resin and the study of structure-property relationship. A high glass transition temperature system has been selected: the Tris(4-hydroxyphenyl)methane triglycidyl ether (TETM) with amine hardener diaminodiphenylsulfone (DDS). The immediate alternative solution consisted of epoxy system [TETM/DDS] and appropriate Expancel® microspheres. The microspheres have been chosen according to the curing temperature interval of the resin. The curing process optimization has been achieved and a Tg equal to 330 °C has been reached. Then the temperature that leads to equilibrium between the microsphere’s foaming kinetic and the resin gelation kinetic has been determined. The second part of this work deals with the study of foaming process using sodium bicarbonate (SB) as foaming agent. The exothermic-endothermic duality of the process (exothermicity of polymerization and endothermicity of SB decomposition) has been studied. Reaction kinetics of epoxy resins (TETM/DDS and TETM/IPDA), SB and mixes (TETM/DDS+BS and TETM/IPDA+BS) have been followed in isothermal and non-isothermal modes. Morphologies differences between TETM/DDS+BS and TETM/IPDA+BS systems and coalescence and diffusion phenomena have been observed when basalt fibers was added. Improved fibers distribution in TETM/IPDA system have been revealed
Longlade, Jérémy. "Synthèse de nouveaux additifs pour peinture : applications aux peintures polyurethane et epoxy et impact sur les propriétés des films." Thesis, Mulhouse, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MULH8634.
Full textPolyurethane and epoxy paints are used in rail applications for protective purposes. The aim of this Ph.D thesis was to develop new additives to improve mechanical and adhesive properties of polyurethane and epoxy paints on steel, keeping good dispersion of pigments and fillers present in paint formulation. Additives were designed as dispersing agents. A polymer which is miscible with the resin paint is synthesized by ring-opening polymerization with different polymerization degrees. Post-modifications were realized to introduce reactive functions ensuring the dispersion of fillers and pigments, and to optimize mechanical properties of paint films (anchoring fillers and pigment to the resin). Thermogravimetry analysis and dynamic light scattering were used to select the best additives and to underline their efficiency on the deagglomeration of pigments and fillers, especially compared to commercial dispersing agents currently used. Mechanical tests highlight that new additives enhanced mechanical and adhesives properties of paint films on steel, both for polyurethane and epoxy paints. Additives, designed as coupling agents, are used at as dispersing agents and adhesion promoters
Contreras, Moreno Viviana. "Captage et valorisation du CO2 par voie chimique : application à la synthèse de carbonates cycliques à partir d’époxydes." Thesis, Rouen, INSA, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ISAM0021/document.
Full textToday, the utilisation of CO2 as raw material for the synthesis of high-value added products like cyclic carbonates, is one of the alternatives used for reducing greenhouse gases. This thesis aims to understand and design a CO2 valorisation process by modelling the thermodynamic and the mass transfer/reaction kinetics generated during the cyclic carbonates synthesis from CO2, epoxides and a heterocyclic compound as catalyst. By using this new catalytic system, cyclic carbonates, which are used in the polymeric, pharmaceutic or cosmetic industry, can be produced with good yields at low temperatures and pressures and without any solvent. Thermodynamic properties as solubility and Henry's law constant have been estimated for CO2/epoxide binary systems. Mass transfer occurring without and with reaction has been studied in order to determine respectively the liquid volumetric mass transfer coefficient and the reaction regime. A kinetic study has been performed to propose a model able to represent the reaction and to estimate the kinetic parameters. This information has been used in the design and the simulation of the production process of epichlorohydrin carbonate on Aspen Hysys