Relevant bibliographies by topics / Resin flow monitoring

Academic literature on the topic 'Resin flow monitoring'

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Published: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Resin flow monitoring"

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Antonucci, V., M. Giordano, L. Nicolais, A. Calabrò, A. Cusano, A. Cutolo, and S. Inserra. "Resin flow monitoring in resin film infusion process." Journal of Materials Processing Technology 143-144 (December 2003): 687–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-0136(03)00338-8.

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Zhou, Z. J., M. Li, Y. Z. Gu, X. Q. Ma, Y. X. Li, L. J. Jia, and Z. G. Zhang. "Resin flow monitoring inside composite laminate during resin film infusion process." Polymer Composites 35, no. 4 (October 17, 2013): 681–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pc.22711.

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Caponetto, R., Gianluca Cicala, G. Dongola, F. Filippino, and G. Recca. "Embedding Intelligence for RTM Process Monitoring and Control." Advances in Science and Technology 56 (September 2008): 530–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.56.530.

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A technique to control the resin flow front in closed and open mould is described. The technique consists in embedding linear capacitive sensors to provide the position of the moving flow front. The embedded capacitor is made with two parallel wires while the resin, between the wires, acts as a moving dielectric which changes the capacitance values. Therefore the position of the resin is obtained from the measured capacitance variation. In order to validate the proposed methodology the sensor has been characterized and the obtained characteristic curve showed a quasi-linear trend. The shape of the resin front could be modified, if necessary, acting locally with controlled injectors.
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Kikuchi, Akihisa, Evelitsa Higuerey, and John Coulter. "An Experimental Investigation of Resin Flow Sensing During Molding Processes." Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 117, no. 1 (January 1, 1995): 86–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2804376.

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The present investigation focused on the need for sensing subsystems for the monitoring of resin flow dynamics during molding processes. Such subsystems, when combined with process parameter control, will produce intelligent manufacturing systems that could significantly improve manufacturing capabilities. A concise review of potential resin flow monitoring methodologies is included, and a detailed analysis of one particular sensing concept originally investigated at the U. S. Army Materials Technology Laboratory is presented. The concept is based on embedded electronic sensors, and during the present study a resin front monitoring system based on a modified version of this concept was developed. Electrically conductive wires were embedded orthogonally in a nonintersecting manner within mold cavities. Subsequent resin flow was sensed by monitoring the electrical characteristics of circuits which resulted during processing. A novel modification of circuitry was included to allow for the monitoring at multiple locations with a single electronic circuit. The net result of this modification was an improved response time of the overall sensing subsystem. The concept was verified experimentally through the performance of both one-dimensional (TD) and two-dimensional (2-D) experiments. The resin system utilized consisted of a mixture of epoxy resin (EPON 826) and a curing agent (MHHPA). The sensed flow front progression information was validated through controlled injection rate experimentation and flow visualization results obtained with transparent molds. It was concluded that the resin flow sensing subsystem could be applied to relatively slow molding processes. Positive and negative aspects related to the applicability of the sensing method to actual manufacturing processes are discussed.
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Jiang, Jin Hua, Ze Xing Wang, and Nan Liang Chen. "Measurement of Transverse Permeability of Fabric Preforms Using Ultrasound Monitoring Technique in LCM Processes." Advanced Materials Research 311-313 (August 2011): 214–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.311-313.214.

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Processes of the Liquid Composite Molding (LCM) are widely used in composites produced by impregnation of a dry preform with liquid resin. The resin flow through the preform is usually described by Darcy’s law and the permeability tensor must be obtained for filling process analysis and characterizing the ability of a porous material to be impregnated by a resin fluid. In generally, resin flow in the thickness direction can be neglected for thin parts, but the resin flow in the transverse direction is important for thicker parts. In this study, the transverse permeability measurement device using ultrasound method was developed, the transverse flowfront could be calculated, and global effective permeability and transverse were studied.
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Pouchias, Athanasios, Paul R. Cunningham, Jasmin Stein, and Mihalis Kazilas. "Development of a Flexible Dielectric Sensor for Flow Monitoring of the Liquid Resin Infusion Process." Sensors 19, no. 23 (December 1, 2019): 5292. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19235292.

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The analysis and design of a novel flexible dielectric sensor, which can be integrated into a composite materials manufacturing process to measure the resin frontal flow, is presented in this paper. The proposed sensor consists of two parallel line electrodes and a ground plane covered by a dielectric material. The analytical description and the electrostatic modelling were considered for the design of the sensor and to enhance the understanding of the response of the sensor to the resin impregnation of a carbon fabric during the infusion phase. The optimization of the sensor’s response and the increase of its sensitivity with regards to the geometric characteristics and the materials used were the main objectives of this study. An experimental set-up for the vacuum infusion process which includes the proposed sensor was used to measure the capacitance and validate the derived resin flow against visual measurements. The results indicate that the sensor can provide information on the resin frontal flow within 2% accuracy against visual measurements, which make this technology promising for monitoring the liquid resin infusion processes.
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He, Yongxi, Yingguang Li, Xiaozhong Hao, Jing zhou, and Shuting Liu. "Micro-flow sensor for continuous resin fluidity monitoring between fibers." Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical 282 (March 2019): 177–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2018.11.022.

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Govignon, Q., S. Bickerton, J. Morris, and P. A. Kelly. "Full field monitoring of the resin flow and laminate properties during the resin infusion process." Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing 39, no. 9 (September 2008): 1412–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2008.05.005.

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Danisman, Murat, Goker Tuncol, Alper Kaynar, and E. Murat Sozer. "Monitoring of resin flow in the resin transfer molding (RTM) process using point-voltage sensors." Composites Science and Technology 67, no. 3-4 (March 2007): 367–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2006.09.011.

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Dragašius, Egidijus, and Inga Skiedraite. "Cure Monitoring of Thermosets Using Disc Bimorph Transducers." Solid State Phenomena 220-221 (January 2015): 380–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.220-221.380.

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The article discusses the results of experiments on the further development of the method for monitoring the state of the small samples of resin and polymers during curing. The applied method is based on a change in the structure of oscillating transducers leading to variations in the form and/or mode of oscillation. The thin layer of epoxy resin was placed between two piezoelectric transducers in the form of piezoceramic plates. Curing epoxy resin forms a bimorph and its characteristics change along with variations in viscosity or, after the gel point, stiffness. It is possible to establish the level of epoxy resin curing by monitoring changes in the resonance parameters of bimorph elements. The main purpose of cure monitoring of small samples is to develop a new method for evaluating the parameters of resin both before and after the gel point thus taking into consideration that the use of rheological data measured with reference to small samples will be applied for designing or interpreting bulk-flow processes where epoxy may be considered a continuum.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Resin flow monitoring"

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Rubino, Felice. "Analysis and enhancement of resin flow in liquid composite molding process." Doctoral thesis, Universita degli studi di Salerno, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10556/3035.

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2016 - 2017
The research activity was devoted to the study of the composite materials manufacturing processes. In particular, the liquid composite molding (LCM) processes were the object of the performed study. In recent years LCM processes have gained a widespread diffusion in different industrial fields, from civil to automotive and aerospace due to their several advantages compared to the conventional autoclave processes. However, some disadvantages related to a not uniform preform impregnation due to a local variation of the preform permeability, fibers bundles misalignment, that would results in dry zones or matrix richer areas, affect the LCMs limiting their usage in industrial full scale. Other limits are due to a limited pressure driving force as well as a reduced pressure compaction influencing the final volume fraction achievable with detrimental effects on the mechanical properties of the composite material product. A more deep knowledge of the phenomena involved in the manufacturing of the composite materials are required to implement proper control action on the parameters (e.g. pressure, resin flow rate, thermal cycle as well as inlet/vent locations) to optimize the process. In order to improve the impregnation of the preform and reduce the time required to fully fill the mold cavity an in-line microwave preheating system was developed. The aims was to couple a microwave generator upstream the LCM mold to heat up the resin prior the entry into the mold. Indeed, the temperature increasing reduces the liquid viscosity allowing the resin to flow more freely through the dry preform. To perform a thorough study on the effectiveness of the proposed approach a laboratory scale apparatus for liquid composite molding processes was designed. The system was instrumented with ad-hoc designed sensors to monitor the resin flow during the process. Cheaper dielectric sensors are designed, produced and installed on the mold. A numerical model was also developed to simulate the resin flow through the fibers preform. The numerical model proved to able to deal with the dual-scale nature of the textile preform commonly used in the LCMs, that are characterized by two different regions (inter- and intra-tow) with different values of permeability. The numerical outcomes were also used to validate the data obtained from the dielectric sensors. They demonstrated to be able to monitor the both the impregnation and the saturation of the fiber preform. The developed microwave heating system proved to be effective to both reduce the total infusion time as well as improve the wetting of the fibers, achieving a more uniform impregnation with a limited amount of residual voids.[edited by Author]
XVI n.s. (XXX ciclo)
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Liu, Kuan-Chih, and 劉冠志. "The Application of Fiber Optic Sensors for Monitoring Resin Flow Frout in Vacuum Assisted Resin Transfer Molding (VARTM) Process." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/99502062622467237128.

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碩士
臺灣大學
工程科學及海洋工程學研究所
98
The optic fiber is the commonly used in communication, after special processing it can be made a sensing part. At present, fiber optic sensors are applied generally in civil engineering and aeronautics, astronautics engineering for monitoring. The fiber grating sensor unified many merits, for example, the volume is small, the diameter thin and mass is light, not electromagnetic wave disturbance, High transmission, Anti-corrosive, thermostable, easy to embedded in the structure and establish quasi-distributional multiplex monitor network, It’s suitable in the structure strain and the temperature monitoring. Nowadays, composite FRP usually has used to the yacht, aerospace vehicle, windmill rotor structures etc., but tendency of along with the structure of large scale, regarding structure security and quality request, Therefore forewarn monitor of regarding the structure and diagnoses the technology to be important day after day, Because the fiber optical sensor has easy to embedded in structure. So it’s can embed fiber optic sensor in composite structure manufacture in the structure, After the structure formation , advantageously monitor the structure interior condition. This research mainly lies is used fiber grating sensor that applied to Vacuum Assisted Resin Transfer Molding (VARTM) process, fiber grating sensor was embedded between the fabric layers to monitoring the resin flow in composite process, and discusses relations of the fiber grating wavelength change and the resin flow. Practical application resin flow of experiment in thick laminate. Monitoring internal resin flow front in thick laminate. Discussion on experiment result and simulation software analysis result. Serviceability of the confirmation fiber grating sensor monitor resin flow front.
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魏百鍵. "Process Monitoring and Flow Control in Resin Transfer Molding Based on Online Estimation of Local Permeability." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/08254021500958457894.

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Book chapters on the topic "Resin flow monitoring"

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Guemes, A. J. "Fiber Optic Sensors for Resin Flow and Composite Cure Monitoring." In Smart Structures, 352–58. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-2686-8_26.

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Baru, Michael B., Vadim T. Ivanov, and Igor L. Rodionov. "A new feedback control principle in continuous flow solid phase synthesis: Direct monitoring of peptide-resin swelling behaviour." In Peptides 1990, 198–99. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3034-9_81.

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Giraldo, Carlos Miguel, and José Sánchez del Río Sáez. "Online Inspection System Based on Resin Flow Monitoring by Distributed Optical Fiber Sensors Immersed Inside Aeronautical RTM Process." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 593–602. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64908-1_55.

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Giraldo, Carlos Miguel, and José Sánchez del Río Sáez. "Online Inspection System Based on Resin Flow Monitoring by Distributed Optical Fiber Sensors Immersed Inside Aeronautical RTM Process." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 593–602. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64908-1_55.

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Conference papers on the topic "Resin flow monitoring"

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Eum, Soohyun, Kazuro Kageyama, Hideaki Murayama, Isamu Ohsawa, Kiyoshi Uzawa, Makoto Kanai, and Hirotaka Igawa. "Resin flow monitoring in vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding using optical fiber distributed sensor." In The 14th International Symposium on: Smart Structures and Materials & Nondestructive Evaluation and Health Monitoring, edited by Marcelo J. Dapino. SPIE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.715339.

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"Life-Cycle Monitoring of CFRP using Piezoelectric Sensors Network." In Structural Health Monitoring. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644901311-15.

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Abstract. Vacuum Assisted Resin Infusion (VARI) process is suitable for manufacturing complex large-scale composite structures and has the potential for low cost and mass production. However, the inappropriate process parameters such as incomplete resin flow and the uneven cure occurred will lead to some defects such as dry spots and delamination. In the present work, the concept of Networked Elements for Resin Visualization and Evaluation (NERVE) with the piezoelectric lead-zirconate-titanate (PZT) sensors as the base unit was used to monitor the internal state of composite struture during its life-time. The capability of PZT sensors in the NERVE to monitor two important parameters during the manufacturing process including the flow front of resin and progress of reaction (POR), was investigated. The Lamb waves generated by PZT, propagating in the mold/composite, was used to measure the parameters. The resin flow front was analyzed using optical detection at the same time. The flow front position over time and the influence of the length of sensing path covered by resin were delivered. The effects of different resin cure state on Lamb signal attenuation and energy leakage were also obtained. The change of amplitude was integrated to get the POR curves, so the resin cure state could be also monitored. After the composite was demoulded, the network was used contiously to identify the artifical damages with the fused probability-based diagnostic imaging (PDI). Experimental results indicate that the NERVE has the ability to realize the full life-cycle health monitoring of composite structures.
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Rubino, F., V. Paradiso, and P. Carlone. "Flow monitoring of microwave pre-heated resin in LCM processes." In PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF GLOBAL NETWORK FOR INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY AND AWAM INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE IN CIVIL ENGINEERING (IGNITE-AICCE’17): Sustainable Technology And Practice For Infrastructure and Community Resilience. Author(s), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5008004.

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Wong, Rebecca Y. N., Edmond Chehura, Stephen W. James, and Ralph P. Tatam. "A chirped long period grating sensor for monitoring flow direction and cure of a resin." In SPIE Smart Structures and Materials + Nondestructive Evaluation and Health Monitoring, edited by Kara J. Peters, Wolfgang Ecke, and Theodoros E. Matikas. SPIE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2009369.

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Chehura, Edmon, Renata Jarzebinska, Elisabete F. R. Da Costa, Alexandros A. Skordos, Stephen W. James, Ivana K. Partridge, and Ralph P. Tatam. "Multiplexed fibre optic sensors for monitoring resin infusion, flow, and cure in composite material processing." In SPIE Smart Structures and Materials + Nondestructive Evaluation and Health Monitoring, edited by Kara J. Peters, Wolfgang Ecke, and Theodoros E. Matikas. SPIE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2012214.

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Jadhav, Nitesh C., Uday K. Vaidya, Mahesh V. Hosur, John W. Gillespie, and Bruce K. Fink. "Assessment of Flow and Cure Monitoring Using Direct Current and Alternating Current Sensing in Vacuum Assisted Resin Transfer Molding." In ASME 1999 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1999-0734.

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Abstract Vacuum Assisted Resin Transfer Molding (VARTM) is an emerging manufacturing technique that holds promise as an affordable alternative to traditional autoclave molding and automated fiber placement for producing large scale structural parts. In VARTM, the fibrous preform is laid on a single sided tool, which is then bagged along with the infusion and vacuum lines. The resin is then infused through the preform, which causes simultaneous wetting in its in-plane and transverse directions. An effective sensing technique is essential so that comprehensive information pertaining to the wetting of the preform, arrival of resin at various locations, cure gradients associated with thickness and presence of dry spots may be monitored. In the current work, direct current and alternating current sensing/monitoring techniques were adopted for developing a systematic understanding of resin position and cure on plain weave S2-Glass preforms with Dow Derakane vinyl ester VE 411-350, Shell EPON RSL 2704/2705 and Si-AN epoxy as the matrix systems. The SMARTweave DC sensing system was utilized to conduct parametric studies a) to compare the flow and cure of resin through the stitched and non-stitched preforms, b) influence of sensor positioning, i.e., top, middle and bottom layers, c) influence of positioning of the process accessories, i.e., resin infusion point and vacuum point on the composite panel. The SMARTweave system was found to be sensitive to all the parametric variations introduced in the study. Furthermore, the results obtained from the SMARTweave system were compared to the cure monitored from embedded IDEX dielectric sensors. The results indicate that SMARTweave sensing was a viable alternative to obtaining resin position and cure, and more superior in terms of obtaining global information in contrast to the localized dielectric sensing approach.
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Liang, Zhiyong, Chuck Zhang, Ben Wang, and Chiang Shih. "In-Situ Measurement and Monitoring of Fiber Preform Permeability for Liquid Composite Molding." In ASME 2000 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2000-1796.

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Abstract In a liquid composite molding (LCM) process such as resin transfer molding (RTM), quality control depends on an in-situ permeability profile of the fibrous preform taken just before resin injection. However, the conventional permeability measurement method, which uses liquid (oil or resin) as its working fluid, only measures the average preform permeability in an off-line mode. It cannot be used to create an in-situ permeability profile because of fiber pollution, and cannot be used to reveal local permeability variations of preform. This study develops a new permeability characterization method that uses gas flow and pressure profiles to measure preform permeability variation in a closed mold assembly. This method is based upon two research findings: (1) that the air permeability of a preform can be obtained through measuring the pressure profile of gas flow, and (2) that resin permeability is highly correlated with air permeability for the same fiber preform. In this paper, the validity of this method is discussed. Experimental results of gas permeability measurement with defective and defect-free preforms are presented, and quantitative models for correlation of gas permeability versus pressure profile and of gas permeability versus resin permeability are also provided. Finally, the efficacy of the proposed method is illustrated through experimental results.
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Luthy, Thierry, and Paolo Ermanni. "Flow Monitoring in Liquid Composite Moulding Based on Linear Direct Current Sensing Technique." In ASME 2001 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2001/htd-24356.

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Abstract On-line monitoring of the Liquid Composite Moulding (LCM) process is a key element to improve part quality and to reduce manufacturing cost. In this context, direct current (DC) resistance measurement is a promising sensing technique allowing to track both flow front position and degree of curing of the resin during injection. An original measurement technique called Linear Direct Current (LDC) based on the same physical principle as DC was developed to record the flow front position continuously and not only at discrete nodes location. Preliminary measurements in a 1D-flow channel have shown the large influence of the hardware configuration on the accuracy of the LDC system. Further flow experiments were conducted with the support of an embedded print plate in the flow channel as LDC sensor. These 2D measurements have demonstrated the relative good accuracy and stability of the LDC system. Evaluation criteria include qualitative comparison between visual- and LDC-monitoring system with regard to position and shape of the flow front. A software was developed in-house to display the 2D flow front position based on the information delivered by the LDC-system. This study has shown the potential of this original technique to monitor LCM-injection processes. Next steps will include the application of the LDC-technology in a real industrial environment to support the fabrication of complex shaped 3D-structures.
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Keulen, Casey, Bruno Rocha, Afzal Suleman, and Mehmet Yildiz. "Design of an Embedded Sensor Network for Manufacturing Process Monitoring, Quality Control Management and Structural Health Assessment of Advanced Composite Structures." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-38719.

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This paper proposes the use of an embedded network of fiber optic sensors for process and Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) of Resin Transfer Molded (RTM) composite structures. A single sensor network is used at each stage of life of a RTM composite panel: flow monitoring, cure monitoring and health monitoring. A laboratory scale RTM apparatus was designed and built with the capability of visually monitoring the resin filling process. A technique for embedding fiber optic sensors into the mold has also been developed. Both Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBG) and Etched Fiber Sensors (EFS) have been embedded in composite panels using the apparatus. Etched Fiber Sensors have the capability of detecting the presence of resin. The sensors have proven to be capable of detecting the presence of resin at various locations as it is injected into the mold and have the capability of being multiplexed with FBGs thus reducing the number of ingress/egress locations required per sensor. Two FBGs and three EFSs were embedded on a single optical fiber. Tensile test specimens that contain embedded FBG sensors have also been produced with this apparatus. These specimen and embedded sensors have been characterized using a strain gage and a material testing machine. FBG sensors have been embedded into composite panels also in a manner that is conducive to detecting Lamb waves generated with a centrally located PZT. To detect Lamb waves a high speed, high precision sensing technique is required for embedded FBGs, since these guided waves travel through the material at very high velocities, presenting relatively small strain amplitudes. A technique based in a filter consisting of a second FBG was developed. Since this filter is not dependant on moving parts, it does not limit the velocity or frequency at which the tests can be performed. Preliminary tests performed using this filter showed that it is possible to detect Lamb waves with amplitudes smaller than 1 microstrain. A damage detection algorithm has been developed and is applied to this system in an attempt to detect and localize damages (cracks and delaminations) in the composite structure.
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Whalley, David C., Helge Kristiansen, and Johan Liu. "Characterisation of Anisotropic Conductive Adhesive Compression During the Assembly Process." In ASME 2003 International Electronic Packaging Technical Conference and Exhibition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2003-35238.

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Models of the anisotropic conductive adhesive assembly process have previously been developed. Such models may be used to predict the time for adhesive resin flow out and whether this can be successfully achieved before resin cure. Modelling has also been used to provide significant insights into the effects of component and substrate bond pad geometry on the resin flow distribution and hence on the resulting conductive particle distribution. These models have however only been experimentally validated to a very limited extent. This paper will describe a new experimental technique, which has been developed to allow continuous monitoring of the adhesive thickness throughout the compression process. This technique applies a controlled assembly force through a linear “voice coil” type actuator and the resulting changes in capacitance of the adhesive material can be used to monitor its thickness. The data from tests using this technique show, for example, the effect of the conductor particle stiffness on the rate of adhesive compression during the later stages of the compression process. Such data will be used to further improve more sophisticated models of the ACA assembly process, which will both lead to a better understanding of the process and also facilitate establishment of design rules for different applications.
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