Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Résidus industriels'
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Dumestre, Alain. "Biodégradation des cyanures contenus dans des résidus de la fabrication de l'aluminium." Nancy 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995NAN10352.
Full textRenaut, Maxime. "Calcination des déchets industriels : synthèse de ciment et stabilisation/solidification des résidus de combustion." Thesis, Artois, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ARTO0203/document.
Full textSince 20th century’s end, our society started to take conscience of environmental protection and sustainable development are required to our future blooming. Directives have obliged public authorities, communities, such as industry to be reacted particularly while being implied in research. The cement-manufacturers are also concerned. The process cement-manufacturer requires large quantities of raw materials. The main objective of the thesis is to value industrial by-products by cementitious materials. Context and problem of wastes were discussed, as well as the possibility of valorization such as the cements. The methodology set up for the thesis and its originality are explained. First, the protocol of characterization of mineral wastes was developed. The results in laboratory are promising for the replacement of limestone and clay in the cement’s raw meal and different formulations. The cookings in laboratory allowed obtaining a cement containing 4 phases of Portland. The synthesis in bigger quantity of a formulation in laboratory highlighted good mechanical performances on mortars at the young age. In a second stage, the best formulations were tested on an industrial scale in the ARF’s kiln. The raw meal, mixed by hoppers agitators, was a success. Finally, immobilization of pollutants in a cement matrix of the residues after combustion, resulting from secondary fuels of ARF, was studied to be able to downgrade the waste stabilized/solidified by grading reduction of the material before stabilization/solidification
Renaut, Maxime. "Calcination des déchets industriels : synthèse de ciment et stabilisation/solidification des résidus de combustion." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Artois, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ARTO0203.
Full textSince 20th century’s end, our society started to take conscience of environmental protection and sustainable development are required to our future blooming. Directives have obliged public authorities, communities, such as industry to be reacted particularly while being implied in research. The cement-manufacturers are also concerned. The process cement-manufacturer requires large quantities of raw materials. The main objective of the thesis is to value industrial by-products by cementitious materials. Context and problem of wastes were discussed, as well as the possibility of valorization such as the cements. The methodology set up for the thesis and its originality are explained. First, the protocol of characterization of mineral wastes was developed. The results in laboratory are promising for the replacement of limestone and clay in the cement’s raw meal and different formulations. The cookings in laboratory allowed obtaining a cement containing 4 phases of Portland. The synthesis in bigger quantity of a formulation in laboratory highlighted good mechanical performances on mortars at the young age. In a second stage, the best formulations were tested on an industrial scale in the ARF’s kiln. The raw meal, mixed by hoppers agitators, was a success. Finally, immobilization of pollutants in a cement matrix of the residues after combustion, resulting from secondary fuels of ARF, was studied to be able to downgrade the waste stabilized/solidified by grading reduction of the material before stabilization/solidification
Galera, Martinez Marta. "Valorisation des résidus carbonatés industriels pour le traitement de sulfure d'hydrogène dans les effluents gazeux." Thesis, Ecole nationale des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EMAC0014/document.
Full textThe purpose of this study to valorize solid wastes from the Solvay process for the production of sodium carbonate as reagents for the treatment of H2S in air at concentrations typically found in wastewater treatment plants (tens to hundreds of ppmv of H2S). Firstly, the reactivity of two residues was evaluated in a gas-liquid-solid reactor at laboratory scale (250 ml). This reactor operates semi-continuously (continuous passage of gas through a fixed volume of slurry). The influence of operating parameters including the solid content of the suspension, the concentration of H2S, the stirring speed and the volume of suspension was discussed. The kinetics, physicochemical processes as well as mechanism involved have been identified despite the complex reaction medium. Secondly, the H2S treatment was investigated at pilot scale using a bubble column with trays (170 L) which also operates in semi-continuous mode. The results of the parametric study obtained at laboratory scale were checked at pilot scale. Finally, the column was evaluated with a real gaseous effluent from a wastewater plant in Graulhet (Tarn, France) which contains up to 200 ppmv of H2S. In the presence of other gases as methane (0.4% vol.) and carbon dioxide (2.5% vol.), the system has proven to be effective for the selective elimination of H2S. A near total abatement (100%) was maintained for at least two weeks with only one batch of suspension. Stable and non-volatile sulfur compounds (sulfates, sulfites, thiosulfates) were formed as products of the process. This study demonstrates the competitiveness of the process in terms of cost-effectiveness for the treatment of H2S in ambient conditions. The results obtained also demonstrate the possibility of scaling-up the method to an industrial scale
Doye, Isabelle. "Évaluation de la capacité de matériaux industriels alcalins à neutraliser des résidus et stériles miniers acides." Thesis, Université Laval, 2005. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2005/22681/22681.pdf.
Full textAcid mine drainage (AMD) is the most serious environmental problem facing the mining industry. AMD is formed when sulfide minerals in waste rock or tailings are oxidized in the presence of water and oxygen to form highly acidic, sulfate and metals-rich drainage. Some methods exist to reduce the formation of AMD in a waste rock pile: layered co-mingling, cover, liner and co-disposal of waste rock with fine materials to limit oxygen fluxes. These methods are based on the use of mine tailings. The aims are to limit the transfer of oxygen and water in a waste rock pile during its construction and reduce thermal gas convection. However, mine tailings can themselves generate AMD and need to be neutralized by the addition of alkaline material. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the capacity of alkaline industrial wastes to neutralize tailings. Alkaline industrial wastes which were selected are cement kiln dust (CKD) and red mud bauxite (RMB). These alkaline materials are used to keep neutral conditions even if water saturation is disrupted. A series of batch leaching tests and column leaching tests were conducted in order to investigate the long-term neutralization potential of alkaline materials and the quality of the drainage water. The batch leaching tests have indicated the minimum percentage (10%) of alkaline material required to keep neutral pH conditions, and to discern whether mineral solubility controls exist for particular elements. Column leaching tests have shown the hydrogeochemical behaviour of different dispositions of materials. When the fine-grained layer overlays reactive waste rock, a delay was observed before obtaining near neutral pH. In the cases where the fine-grained layer is below or mixed with the waste rock, the near neutral pH values are directly reached. The co-disposition offers short-term neutralisation only. Finally, a sequential extraction method was used to determine the degree of fixation of metals.
Proffit, Dorothée. "Speciation et évolution des composés cyanures contenus dans des résidus industriels issus de la pyrolyse de la houille." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002INPL070N.
Full textGilbert, Véronique. "Caractérisation des résidus provenant de l'industrie de la seconde transformation des panneaux de particules et de fibres." Thesis, Université Laval, 2005. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2005/23125/23125.pdf.
Full textAccording to Québec’s Règlement sur les matières dangereuses, wood residues containing resin are likely to be toxic residual dangerous matters because of their formaldehyde content. The management of these residues is problematic for the secondary board manufacturers because the majority might not operate a combustion boiler with high enough power to burn board residues in conformity with regulatory requirements. The recovery of these residues could be possible, but no decision can be taken without knowing the nature of the residues. The objective of this study is to characterize the residues coming from the secondary board manufacturers in the province of Québec in order to find opportunities for recuperating, recycling or disposing of these residues. A survey of secondary board processing plants has been conducted to draw a picture of the disposal of residues. A mail questionnaire was sent to a sample of plants within each industrial sector. The five points of contact method was applied, yielding a response rate of 32%. A quantification of the residues was made and the data was used to extrapolate the results to the whole of Québec industry. A segmentation of the results according to the size of the plant or to the industrial sector was made and significant differences were found between classes regarding the management, the use and the contamination of the residues. The majority of secondary board manufacturers send their board residues to landfill sites. This is the case of most small size mills. The survey indicates that 30 percent of the mills have experienced serious problem in managing these residues and they have already tried to find a better solution to dispose of them.
Paris, David. "Étude microbiologique des boues activées d'un site papetier et biodégradabilité des résidus organiques des eaux épurées." Lille 1, 1999. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1999/50376-1999-37.pdf.
Full textAissaoui, Mustapha, and Mustapha Aissaoui. "Valorisation d'un résidu industriel pour la production d'hydrogène par un procédé intensifié de vaporeformage du glycérol." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37365.
Full textLa capture du CO2 est, de nos jours, une opération très convoitée car elle permet de réduire les émissions des gaz à effets de serre. Elle peut également être appliquée dans l’intensification des procédés de vaporeformage par l’utilisation des adsorbants chimiques «haute-température» (vaporeformage couplé avec la capture in-situ du CO2 (sorption-enhanced steam reforming, SESR)), afin d’augmenter significativement la pureté de l’hydrogène en une seule étape. Parmi les adsorbants solides utilisés dans ce procédé, ceux qui sont à base de CaO ont montré une certaine efficacité. Toutefois, l’agglomération des particules de CaO au cours de l’opération cyclique carbonatation/régénération rend leur utilisation à échelle industrielle difficile. L’ajout de composants inertes à l’adsorbant est l’une des stratégies utilisées afin d’augmenter sa stabilité. L’objectif principal de ce travail est la valorisation d’un résidu métallurgique (oxyde d’UGS, UGSO) afin de développer un matériau hybride adsorbant-catalyseur pour application dans la production d’hydrogène de haute pureté par SESR du glycérol. Plusieurs échantillons contenant des proportions différentes UGSO/CaO ont été préparés et testés pour évaluer l'efficacité de l’UGSO dans la stabilisation de l’adsorbant. Les expériences ont été réalisées en utilisant un analyseur gravimétrique intelligent (IGA, Hiden Isochema). Pour tous les échantillons étudiés, une meilleure stabilité a été enregistrée lors de l’ajout de l’UGSO. Les résultats ont montré que l’échantillon contenant 10% en masse UGSO a présenté la meilleure stabilité avec une conversion de CaO de 76% au 18ème cycle carbonatation/régénération, contre une conversion de 55% pour l’échantillon CaO pur testé dans les mêmes conditions. Ce meilleur rapport UGSO/CaO a été ensuite utilisé pour préparer un matériau hybride adsorbant-catalyseur et ses performances ont été testées dans le procédé SESR du glycérol. Les résultats ont montré une production d’hydrogène de pureté élevée avec un rendementde 96%. Les résultats obtenus dans ce mémoire peuvent contribuer à l’optimisation du procédé de vaporeformage du glycérol couplé à l’adsorption in-situ duCO2.
Résumé en espagnol
Résumé en espagnol
CO2 capture is, nowadays, a widely discussed subject as it helps reducing the greenhouse gas emissions. It can also intensify steam reforming processes through the use of high-temperature sorbents, in order to produce high purity hydrogen in a single step (sorption-enhanced steam reforming, SESR). Among the solid sorbents used in this process, those based on CaO have shown good results. However, the agglomeration of sorbent particles (sintering) during the cyclic operation carbonation/regeneration makes their use difficult at an industrial scale. The addition of inert compounds to the sorbent is one of the strategies used to increase its stability. The main objective of this work is the valorization of a metallurgical waste called UGS oxide (UGSO), in order to develop a hybrid sorbent-catalyst material for application in the production of hydrogen with high purity by SESR of glycerol. Several samples with different UGSO/CaO ratios were synthesized and tested to evaluate the efficiency of UGSO in thesorbent stabilization. The experiments were performed using an intelligent gravimetric analyzer (IGA, Hiden Isochema). For all samples, a better stability was obtained in the presence of UGSO. The results showed that the sorbent containing 10 wt.% UGSO achieved the best stability with a CaO conversion of 76% at the 18th carbonation/regeneration cycle compared to 55% for pure CaO (limestone) tested under the same conditions. This optimal UGSO/CaO ratio was then used to prepare a hybrid sorbent-catalyst material and its performance was tested in the SESR of glycerol. The results showed the production of hydrogen with high purity (97%) and yield (96%). The results obtained in this master thesis can contribute to the optimization of the sorption enhanced steam glycerol reforming process.
CO2 capture is, nowadays, a widely discussed subject as it helps reducing the greenhouse gas emissions. It can also intensify steam reforming processes through the use of high-temperature sorbents, in order to produce high purity hydrogen in a single step (sorption-enhanced steam reforming, SESR). Among the solid sorbents used in this process, those based on CaO have shown good results. However, the agglomeration of sorbent particles (sintering) during the cyclic operation carbonation/regeneration makes their use difficult at an industrial scale. The addition of inert compounds to the sorbent is one of the strategies used to increase its stability. The main objective of this work is the valorization of a metallurgical waste called UGS oxide (UGSO), in order to develop a hybrid sorbent-catalyst material for application in the production of hydrogen with high purity by SESR of glycerol. Several samples with different UGSO/CaO ratios were synthesized and tested to evaluate the efficiency of UGSO in thesorbent stabilization. The experiments were performed using an intelligent gravimetric analyzer (IGA, Hiden Isochema). For all samples, a better stability was obtained in the presence of UGSO. The results showed that the sorbent containing 10 wt.% UGSO achieved the best stability with a CaO conversion of 76% at the 18th carbonation/regeneration cycle compared to 55% for pure CaO (limestone) tested under the same conditions. This optimal UGSO/CaO ratio was then used to prepare a hybrid sorbent-catalyst material and its performance was tested in the SESR of glycerol. The results showed the production of hydrogen with high purity (97%) and yield (96%). The results obtained in this master thesis can contribute to the optimization of the sorption enhanced steam glycerol reforming process.
Bequiri, Shkelzen. "Évaluation du potentiel de la séquestration minérale du CO[indice 2] par des résidus et sous-produits industriels à pouvoir alcalin." Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2010. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/628/1/BEQIRI_Shkelzen.pdf.
Full textPorto, de Souza Vandenberghe Luciana. "Développement d'un procédé pour la production d'acide citrique par fermentation en milieu solide à partir de résidus de l'agro-industrie du manioc." Compiègne, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000COMP1254.
Full textBouanda, Jamila. "Interaction de résidus issus de matières végétales avec les métaux lourds : Application à la dépollution des effluents industriels : Thèse de doctorat en sciences spécialité chimie." Reims, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002REIMS007.
Full textMedjaher, Kamal. "Contribution de l'outil bond graph pour la conception de systèmes de supervision des processus industriels." Lille 1, 2005. https://ori-nuxeo.univ-lille1.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/6bea2649-a051-44ad-be6b-6366d3a61c2d.
Full textLange, Marie-Dominique. "Etude physico-chimique, minéralogique et géotechnique de matériaux de remplissage pour les aires de stockage de déchets de faible radioactivité : résidus industriels bruts et mêlés à des argiles." Aix-Marseille 3, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986AIX30065.
Full textAit, Hak Sara. "Procédés verts et durables pour la valorisation des sous-produits du phosphate : récupération des terres rares et au-delà." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024COAZ5027.
Full textThis thesis explores innovative methods for recovering rare earth elements (REEs) from byproducts of the phosphate industry, specifically phosphate sludge (PS), phosphogypsum (PG), and evaporation sludge (ES), aiming to enhance REEs supply chains and promote environmental sustainability. A thorough literature review lays the groundwork for the application of advanced experimental techniques, including saline concentration, pH-dependent leaching, flotation, and fractional precipitation and crystallization. The study further incorporates contemporary simulation tools such as CHEMCHAUD and Response Surface Methodology with Box-Behnken Design, optimizing data for effective REEs recovery and by-product recycling. A significant breakthrough in this research is the development of a process that enhances REEs concentration in PS from an initial 0.0418 % REEs to 2.8 % rare earth oxides (REOs), alongside the efficient recovery of high-purity calcium carbonate and silicate. Similarly, for PG and ES, which exhibit comparable properties, a unified process has been developed. This process increases REEs concentrations to 40 % and 80 % REOs from initial concentrations of 0.036 % and 0.1 % REEs, for PG and ES respectively. This process ensures the complete recycling of byproducts through the recovery of high-purity calcium sulfate and sodium fluosilicate. Techno-economic assessments performed using Aspen Plus, particularly focusing on the PG valorization process, confirm the economic viability of the developed process. The research advocates for the scaling of these techniques to pilot implementations, demonstrating their practical benefits and sustainability. By integrating scientific research with solutions to environmental and industrial challenges, this thesis advances academic knowledge and spearheads sustainable practices that address contemporary global issues
Rousseau, Pascal. "Protocole d'analyse en ligne de molécules chimisorbées sur cendres par procédé plasma hors équilibre en lit fluidisé : applications aux cendres volantes issues d'incinérateurs industriels." Paris 6, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA066582.
Full textIrannajad, Bisafar Mehdi. "Valorisation de rejets miniers talqueux par voie physico-chimique (flottation) : influence des traitements sur la blancheur des concentrés." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INPL097N.
Full textArmond, Muzzi Lydia. "Valorisation de résidus d'exploitation d'argiles dans des applications industrielles et environnementales." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007INPL018N/document.
Full textWorking Kaolinic refractory clays from Água Limpa (Minas Gerais) and paper coating kaolins from Rio Capim (Pará) - Brazil throw over very large amounts of mining residues. With the outlook of a more complete beneficiation, aiming at a sustainable development of mineral industry, the use of these residual clays has been considered for manufacturing zeolites. For a synthesis time of only 24h, a zeolite 4A very close to its theoretical definition is obtained.The nano-porous volume of the zeolite 4A is inaccessible to nitrogen molecules, but accessible to water molecules. Synthesised zeolites have been tested as cationic adsorbents of Cu, Pb, Cd, Zn, Mg, K and Hg. The retention is better for materials derived from Rio Capim Kaolins. The retention is close to 60% of the theoretical completion of the exchange capacity in all cases, except for copper for which the retention exceeds the capacity, and mercury for which the retention is very low
Glénat, Philippe. "Démétallisation biologique de résidus pétroliers lourds." Lyon 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LYO10052.
Full textCoste, Marielle. "Traitement d'effluents industriels contenant des traces de cyanure résiduel." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ECAP0445.
Full textDumoulin, François. "Évaluation environnementale d'un projet de symbiose industrielle territoriale : application à un projet de gestion territorialisée de résidus organiques valorisés en agriculture dans l'ouest de la Réunion." Thesis, La Réunion, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LARE0029/document.
Full textEfficient use of by-products is essential as natural ressources are increasingly scarce. Industrial strategies to adress this issue are more efficient when they are developed on a system-based level, such as with regional industrial symbioses,rather then with individual or isolated approaches.Regional industrial symbiosis projects involve different industrial activities based on a territory and that are to be engaged collectively in order to make structural changes within the regional metabolism. This kind of project might be promoted by individuals or organisations legitimated by the whole of industrial symbiosis'actors. A facilitator group initiates the project, catalysing changes, based on a plausible promise of benefits. Those considered changes are gradually adapted and refined by the involved actors. In such a way, plausible benefits must match to their model of choice that comprises environmental, among others, dimensions.While methods and tools dedicated to environmental assessment of product were developped under strong research effort, the issue of environmental assessment fo regional industrial symbioses so far as has been weakly studied. For that purpose Life-cycle assessment (LCA) is presented as an ultimate environmental assessment method. However, LCA was not elaborated in oder to account for individual environmental perspective, nor to address structural system changes induced consequently to the implementation of a regional industrial sysbiosis nore its temporal effects on the environment, but instead LCA addresses global environmental issues related to a product. Starting from this analysis, and dealing with outcomes from social sciences, we propose to adopt an anthropocentric conception of the environment, as a system of complex subject-object relationships, for which we identify key elements of the perception of environemental consequences. Those key elements enable to build a logical basis composed of three environments that enable to cover, and thus to consider, actors' perception of environmental consequences related to the project. We present a participatory method that embeds this logical basis and suggests successively to 1) identify the environmental phenomena of interest related to the project, 2) design corresponding indicators considering concomitantly available data about the biophysical characteristics and scientific knowledge about the impact chains, 3) assess the environmental consequences. We illustrate the method and its epistemological foundations with a case study: a project that aims to recycle organic residues in agriculture in Réunion Island
Lemaire, Jean-Louis. "Synthèse de polymères industriels pour décors à coller." Lille 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LIL10088.
Full textTurgeon, Patrick. "Neutralisation du drainage minier acide par l'utilisation d'un résidu industriel à base de magnésite." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0034/MQ67335.pdf.
Full textTurgeon, Patrick. "Neutralisation du drainage minier acide par l'utilisation d'un résidu industriel à base de magnésite." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2000. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/1125.
Full textMigneault, Sébastien. "RECYCLAGE DES RÉSIDUS PAPETIERS POUR LA PRODUCTION DE PANNEAUX DE FIBRES." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28402/28402.pdf.
Full textCordova, Lopez Jesus Antonio. "Isolement, identification et physiologie des champignons thermophiles en vue de la production de lipases par fermentation en milieu solide." Montpellier 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON20037.
Full textMellouk, Hamid. "Extraction des volatils à partir du bois par détente instantanée contrôlée : valorisation industrielle des extraits et des résidus solides." Phd thesis, Université de La Rochelle, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00397799.
Full textClaquesin, Julien. "Propriétés des actinides en sels fondus à base CaF2 : application au traitement de résidus." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOU30129.
Full textThis thesis aims to develop a pyrochemical process to treat contaminated by-products composed of a CaF2 matrix with a significant CaO amount and Pu inclusions (oxides, fluorides, oxi-fluorides, ...). The process feature consists in extracting Pu by metallothermic reduction with Ca addition in a molten medium made from the by-product. Plutonium, reduced in a metallic liquid form, settles and coalesces before being separated from the matrix after cooling and solidification. As a result, the clean salt, meeting the radiological requirements of the France's National Radioactive Waste Management Agency (ANDRA), could be discarded to the dedicated way. As the melting point of the matrix is higher than 1400°C, the selected approach is to lower the temperature at around 1000°C by CaCl2 addition. To minimize CaCl2 amount, melting point of the mixture has to be investigated as a function of its composition. In order to build CaCl2-CaF2-CaO ternary phase diagram, preliminary binary diagrams are required (CaCl2-CaF2, CaCl2-CaO, and CaF2-CaO). The two first were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), and results are in agreement with the calculated models from FactSage® databases. CaF2-CaO diagram was calculated using available databases as melting temperatures are very high. CaCl2-CaF2-CaO phase diagram was then calculated and compared to experimental values: a low discrepancy was observed, suggesting that data from CaF2-CaO phase diagram can be optimized. From these results, it was showed that addition of 50 wt. % CaCl2 leads to the matrix fusion at T < 1000°C. After CaCl2 addition, the by-product can be melted in a magnesia crucible, commonly used in pyrochemical processes. The container was qualified through MgO solubility, investigated in CaCl2-CaF2-CaO by inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy (ICP); values measured at 1000°C are negligible (< 0,1 wt. %) and do not show any crucible/molten medium chemical interaction. After melting, Pu extraction has to be performed in a chloro-fluoride medium, but only few investigations are available in the literature. Since the only published data concern chloride solvents, a detailed electrochemical study was performed in molten fluorides. The main results are: * Pu(III) is reduced into Pu in one step, * Pu(III)/Pu standard potential (0.69 V vs. solvent) and Pu(III) activity coefficient were determined at 840°C, as well as diffusion coefficient between 820 and 880°C. Pure CaCl2-CaF2 (50-50 mol. %) solvent was characterized and presents an electroinactivity domain around 3,45 V corresponding to the CaCl2 decomposition into Ca and Cl2(g). Unfortunately, Pu behavior could not be experimentally investigated in this medium but a thermodynamic approach, using a comparison system Zr(IV)/Zr, was used to assess the Pu(III) reduction potential. The expected Pu(III) reduction potential is in between 0.43 and 0.61 V vs. solvent, meaning that the extraction efficiency is higher than 99.9997 %. The proposed process fulfills then all the requirements: a melting temperature lower than 1000°C and a complete Pu recovery. These results have to be experimentally verified as a prospect of this work
Lakhtar, Hicham. "Culture du Lentinula edodes (Berk. ) Peglersur résidus oléicoles en fermentation en milieu solide : transformation des polyphénols des margines." Aix-Marseille 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX30048.
Full textThe main objective of this research was to study the recovery of olive by-products in Morocco by culturing, in solid state fermentation (SSF), of edible mushroom having double purpose : (i) production of fungal mycelial biomass for food and (ii) detoxification of olive mill wastewater (OMW) by degradation of phenolic compounds. From sixteen strains ot L. Edodes, one efficient strain for OMW detoxification was selected to perform further experimental work in SSF. The production of L. Edodes spawn was optimized. Mixture of solid olive substrate (SOS), including olive twigs, leaves, olive cake and OMW, was developed and the growth conditions of L. Edodes on this mixture was then optimized. The change in organic matter of SOS during L. Edodes growth under optimal conditions was analyzed using solid state 13C NMR technique combined to biochemical analysis. A solar drying in greenhouse was developed in order to reduce the volume of OMW and to store the OC mixed to OMW. In this work, we conclude the possibility to valorize all co-products of olive industry by growing L. Edodes, firstly, for production of high mycelial biomass, on the other hand, degradation of phenolic compounds existing in OMW. These results open up the possibility to produce L. Edodes on SOS
CISSE, IBRAHIMA. "Caractérisation des bétons de sable à ajouts de sables fillérisés résidus de concassage et de déchets industriel (cendres) : Application à des matériaux en provenance du Sénégal." Rennes, INSA, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ISAR0009.
Full textBougherara, Chaabane. "Synthèse d'oligomères téléchéliques par modification chimique : application aux résines époxydes et à leurs durcisseurs." Montpellier 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MON20194.
Full textLetellier, Bertrand. "Conception et développement d'un procédé générique de fabrication de dispersions aqueuses de résines en cuves mécaniquement agitées." Toulouse, INPT, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001INPT039G.
Full textThe manufacturing of aqueous dispersions can be carried out in certain cases by an indirect method. This technique consists in firstly creating a dispersion of oil in water which, using the phase inversion phenomenon, is inverted and leads to the formation of the desired aqueous dispersion. This kind of emulsification is frequently called indirect emulsification. Its advantage is a low energy requirement ; small and controlled particles size can be achieved depending of the demands emulsion stability and end-use properties. The purpose of this study consists in the definition and in conception of such a process applied to highly viscous resins like alkyd or unsaturated polyesters. The success of the process is evaluated regarding the medium particle size, the dispersion stability and the end-use properties. The particular case of indirect emulsification involves a physicochemical phenomenon such as the phase inversion. Therefore, parameters of formulation engineering become critical. Nonetheless the hydrodynamics conditions induced by the stirring conditions cannot be neglected towards the success of phase inversion emulsification. A study of the main parameters relevant to formulation or chemical engineering has been conducted at the micropilot or laboratory scales. The emulsions obtained have been characterized by droplet size measurements with a laser granulometer (Malvern) as well as by end-use property tests. The scale-up has been investigated using Computational Fluid Dynamics (Fluent) which has led to the optimization of the stirring conditions whatever the scale. Several scale-up criteria have been examined with respect to their consequences on the hydrodynamics. Finally, scale-up trials have been run at the pilot and industrial scales and scale-up criterion has been identified discussed and validated
Oulahal, Nadia. "Procédé intégré de quantification de biofilms résiduels des industries agro-alimentaires : décrochage mixte : ultrasonique - enzymatique et couplage à l'ATP-métrie." Lyon 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LYO10024.
Full textCastellon, Jérôme. "Application des mesures de charges d'espace à la caractérisation de composants et matériaux composites industriels isolants." Montpellier 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON20174.
Full textTondi, Gianluca. "Développement de résines de polycondensation à base de tanins pour produits industriels écologiques et innovateurs : Mousses rigides et produits de préservation bois." Thesis, Nancy 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NAN10047/document.
Full textCondensed tannins are natural products which can be used to replace phenol because they have similar features and similar chemical reactivity. Several project have been started to develop this class of tannins. The most important results have been obtained with tannin based rigid foams. These foams are produced by a condensation reaction between Mimosa tannin and furfuryl alcohol. Successively tannin foams have also undergone carbonisation. Chemical and physical properties of organic and carbonised foam have been studied. Good results have also been obtained for a tannin-bore wood preservative formulation. Tannin based rigid foams are low-density and high porosity materials. The cheap raw material and 95% of natural products combine with an extremely low thermal conductivity and make this foam suitable for several applications such as insulation material, floral foam, trap for metal and shock absorber. Once the foam has undergone carbonisation the properties are strongly modified. This material is constituted mainly of reorganised aromatic structures and furanic derivatives, some of which survive after the treatment. These foams can be useful for applications such as catalyst support, activated carbons, porous electrodes and thermal shield
Gonin, Anne. "Mise au point d'un procédé de recyclage d'effluents par couplage électrodialyse-échange d'ions : application aux éluats issus de la régénération de résines de déminéralisation de jus sucrés." Montpellier 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MON20189.
Full textDemarthon, Romain. "Modélisation et simulation d’un étage haute température pour la purification d’un gaz chargé en goudrons et en particules carbonées par assistance plasma." Thesis, Pau, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PAUU3001/document.
Full textIn order to contest to the high world demand for primary energy, the Europlasma group developed a new process, called CHO-Power, to enhance the thermochemical potential of a mixture of urban waste and biomass residues. One of the characteristics of this process is the use of a high temperature reactor assisted by a plasma torch for tar and soots thermal cracking. The aim of this study to improve the knowledge of the global reaction mechanism involved during the thermal treatment of gas. In this context, a pilot plant reactor was designed and built on the Europlasma Research and Development Center. During this work, the reaction pathway used to represent tars cracking at high temperature has been enhanced. Coupled to a computational fluid Dynamics Software, allow simulating the complex processes occurring within the reactor (aeraulics, reaction, and heat transfer). Two major changes were made to the simplified kinetic model previously used: the modeling of a discrete and reactive phase to take into account the possible particle gasification of carbonaceous residues and the addition of new reaction pathways to enhance the modeling of the formation of soot and its precursors. The comparison between the experimental and numerical values will validate or not the global reaction scheme and will give important information about the next evolution of the tar degradation scheme
Sonnati, Matthieu. "Résines alkydes biosourcées uréthanisées sans isocyanate par réticulation non-oxydative." Thesis, Nice, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013NICE4064.
Full textAlkyd resins are the major binders used in surface coatings today. They are obtained by polycondensation of polybasic acids, polyols, fatty acids and monobasic acids. The raising sustainability awareness is pressuring for the transition from petrobased to biobased products with equivalent costs and performances. While conventional alkyd resins have high content in renewable raw materials such as fatty acids and polyols, replacement of petrobased raw materials such as phthalate and benzoic derivatives remained a challenge. After reviewing the current state-of-the-art regarding conventional alkyd resins, we focused on understanding the specific issues related to the synthesis of biobased alkyd resins. Several biobased alkyd resins were synthesized and characterized using techniques such as SEC, DSC and rheometer. Conventional alkyd paints chemically dry through an oxidative mechanism, which requires cobalt salts to occur in less than 6 h. These salts are under the scope of REACH because of their toxicity. As a possible alternative, we proposed a non-oxidative crosslinking mechanism based on the reaction of 2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane (ODO) groups and primary amines. This crosslinking mechanism was first studied with the model reaction between glycerol carbonate and ethylenediamine. The functionalization of ODO groups on vegetable oils was then studied as model molecule of alkyd resins, enabling the determination of optimal reaction conditions and that oligomerization occurs as a side reaction. Alkyd resins bearing ODO groups were then synthesized and characterized, then converted into non-isocyanate urethanized alkyd resins by reaction with diamines
Nuel, Maximilien. "Devenir des résidus médicamenteux et de leur métabolites au sein des Zones de Rejet Végétalisées (ZRV)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAD022.
Full textWastewater Treatment Plants (WWTP) are considered as one of the most important pharmaceutical compound discharges into the environment. Since 2009, French Water Agencies, promote Surface Flow Treatment Wetlands (SFTWs) at the outlet of WWTPs, between the WWTP and the receiving aquatic environment but their removal efficiencies are not well investigated. To overcome these lacks of knowledge, pollutant removal efficiencies of 2 WWTP and their SFTW were monitoring during 2 years. ln regard to pharmaceutical compounds (86), SFTW removal efficiency rates ranged from 30 to 70% with maximum values in summer and minimum values in winter. The SFTW removal efficiency contributions to WWTP were inferior to 30%. ln addition, SFTW inflow reductions were correlated with an increase of drug compound concentrations in the outflow. Furthermore, there was a specific absorption of these micro pollutants by plants whereas there were dynamic interactions between sampled mud and drugs residues with an adsorption during summer and a release during winter
Tonnelat, Stéphane. "Interstices urbains Paris - New York : entre contrôles et mobilités, quatre espaces résiduels de l'aménagement." Paris 12, 2003. https://athena.u-pec.fr/primo-explore/search?query=any,exact,990002133370204611&vid=upec.
Full textTascone, Oriane. "Le suivi des xénobiotiques dans les extraits naturels destinés aux industries de la cosmétique, des parfums et des arômes alimentaires." Thesis, Nice, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015NICE4010.
Full textNatural extracts in form of essential oils, concretes, resinoids, as well as absolutes used in perfume, aroma, and cosmetic industries are produced from natural raw materials. The cultivation of natural raw materials is often based on monoculture and involves the use of pesticides. Legal regulations for raw materials intended for these industries become increasingly stricter in terms of the allowed residual levels of chemicals used for treatment because of their impact on public health and on the environment. In this manuscript, a review showing pesticide analysis problems in natural extracts and works dedicated to this study, is presented. Next, a method for multi-residue pesticides analysis was developed in roses and extracts (concrete and absolute) from roses. The sample preparation is based on the QuEChERS approach using extraction and purification by SPE-dispersive. The samples were then analyzed by GC-MS / MS. Thus the developed methods were used to study pesticides behavior during the extraction process of the roses. In a first time, the work was done on roses from organic field and spiked with 57 pesticides. Each transformation intermediate, except waxes, was analyzed showing the distribution of pesticides. It showed that pesticides which were present in rose flowers were coextracted during extraction process and concentrated by factor between 100 and 300 in absolute. This study was then performed on roses and extracts from fields with pesticide "classic" phytosanitary treatments. The trend observed for these samples was the same as for the model: pesticides were concentrated in the absolute reaching concentrations of several milligrams per kilogram
Nuel, Maximilien. "Devenir des résidus médicamenteux et de leur métabolites au sein des Zones de Rejet Végétalisées (ZRV)." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAD022/document.
Full textWastewater Treatment Plants (WWTP) are considered as one of the most important pharmaceutical compound discharges into the environment. Since 2009, French Water Agencies, promote Surface Flow Treatment Wetlands (SFTWs) at the outlet of WWTPs, between the WWTP and the receiving aquatic environment but their removal efficiencies are not well investigated. To overcome these lacks of knowledge, pollutant removal efficiencies of 2 WWTP and their SFTW were monitoring during 2 years. ln regard to pharmaceutical compounds (86), SFTW removal efficiency rates ranged from 30 to 70% with maximum values in summer and minimum values in winter. The SFTW removal efficiency contributions to WWTP were inferior to 30%. ln addition, SFTW inflow reductions were correlated with an increase of drug compound concentrations in the outflow. Furthermore, there was a specific absorption of these micro pollutants by plants whereas there were dynamic interactions between sampled mud and drugs residues with an adsorption during summer and a release during winter
Alzina, Camille. "Nouvelles formulations industrielles à base de résine époxyde pour la fabrication de composites et de nanocomposites." Nice, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NICE4074.
Full textPolymeric materials are mostly of composite materials ie they are composed in majority with a phase called matrix which was amended by adding a filler which is most often mineral. The reduction in size of the fillers can lead to new physical and chemical properties and to many potential applications. During this work in collaboration with the company SICOMIN Composites, thermosetting epoxy-amine system was studied with various nanofillers (clays, nanosilica, carbon nanotubes and block copolymers) in order to improve the mechanical properties of this system and to research new properties. In addition, a study on the reactivity of an epoxy-amine model system (DGEBA/mPDA) was conducted to study the secondary reactions involved in the crosslinking with an original kinetic method, the advanced isoconversional method. A study of this system at different ratios DGEBA/mPDA showed that stoichiometric proportions are not the most appropriate. In order to understand the complex physical-chemical phenomena and to optimize the properties of nanocomposite materials containing organophilic montmorillonites or silica nanoparticles, several studies were conducted and they highlighted some new fundamental aspects of the reactivity of these systems and they underlined the importance of the interaction nanofiller/matrix and of the dispersion of nanofillers
Tejeda-Ricardez, Jesús Alberto. "Etude de la liquéfaction de déchets de l'industrie de l'huile d'olive en vue d'une application dans le domaine des résines phénoliques et des mousses de polyuréthane." Toulouse, INPT, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004INPT001G.
Full textServera, Marc. "Etude d'un système de masquage pour microlithographie sensible en UV profond et développable par plasma d'oxygène." Montpellier 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON20092.
Full textAsdih, Mostafa. "Désacidification des huiles végétales à teneurs variables en acides gras libres par estérification catalysée par des résines cationiques." Toulouse, INPT, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993INPT007G.
Full textXi, Xuedong. "Développement d'adhésifs industriels à base de biomatériaux et de mélamine sans formaldéhyde." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0171.
Full textIn this research, there are two main parts works, first is based on melamine glyoxal resin without formaldehyde used, and the modification of it use for wood industry adhesives. The other part is the preparation of environmentally friendly adhesives and non-isocyanate polyurethane(NIPU) from biomass-based (sugar, protein, tannin, etc.). Wood composites such as plywood and particleboard were used for easuring the performance of adhesives, and more possibilities applications of them such as coating and foams were tried also. 13C-NMR, Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR), Matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF), thermomechanical analysis(TMA), Differential scanning calorimetry(DSC) and other instruments help to analyze structures and thermodynamic properties of adhesives. The descriptions of specific works are as follows: 1) Synthetic melamine-glyoxal resin without use toxic formaldehyde and a suitable hardener was found for it. By the modification of glutaraldehyde, a melamine-glyoxal-glutaraldehyde(MGG') resin with good performance was prepared and used for plywood production, which can replace the industrial Urea-formaldehyde resin wood adhesive. In addition, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural as a chemical reagent derived from biomass material was also used to modify MG resin to improve its bonding performance and water resistance. 2) The biomass material furfuryl alcohol was used to react with aldehydes (formaldehyde, glyoxal, glutaraldehyde) to prepare plywood adhesives. Among them, furfuryl alcohol-glyoxal(FAG) resin, which was reacted with a non-toxic glyoxal, and with a good bonding propertiesis. It’s as an environmentally friendly adhesive for wood bongding. The effect of different acidity of curing agents on bonding performance has also been explored, a self-neutralizing hardener is synthesized and used. 3) Proteins, tannins were used to prepare bio-based environmentally friendly wood adhesives, and improved the bonding properties and water resistance by the addition of crosslinking agents (furfuryl alcohol-glyoxal resins, epoxy resins, polyethyleneimine, etc.). 4) Biomass materials such as monosaccharide and disaccharide were used to synthesize non-isocyanate polyurethane(NIPU), and used for plywood or particleboard to obtain bio-based NIPU adhesives with excellent performance. The effect of several crosslinkers on the curing temperature and bonding properties of NIPU was also studied. Research on more application about NIPU have also been conducted, for example, coating and rigid foams
Ratiarisoa, Rijaniaina. "Valorisation de résidus agroindustriels comme matériaux pour l'habitat et la construction : utilisation de la bagasse dans les liants composés minéraux et les composites." Thesis, Antilles, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ANTI0265/document.
Full textThe present study aims to add value to agroindustrial residues as housing and building materials. In this context, the research works revolve around two main lines: the development of an alternative binder using agroindustrial residues and the production of composite materials from this alternative binder and plant resources. Two composed binder using bagasse ash, named bagasse ash lime and cement-bagasse ash, were optimised and produced. Using these composed binder, two kinds of composite materials including plant resources were produced: one composite developed with vegetable aggregates and another one reinforced with eucalyptus pulps. The physical, chemical, mechanical and hydric properties of these materials were investigated. The results show that the bagasse ash recalcination at 600 °C and the selection of the particles under a diameter limit (between 45 and 63 µm) improve its reactivity. Blended with slaked lime, the composed binder obtained with these parameters is likely to develop a compressive strength higher than 39 MPa at 28 days; this value is higher than the compressive strength of pouzzolanic material and lime based binder studied in the literature. In addition, due to the lower alkalinity of the interstitial solution of this composed binder, related to the lime consumption by the pouzzolanic material, it better protects vegetable materials from mineralization than the binders based on Portland cement. The incorporation of the cellulosic pulps in the composed binder lime-bagasse ash produces composite materials with a similar flexural behaviour as a composite made with cement and cellulosic pulp
Laurencius, Sandra. "Les solvants résiduels dans les matières premières pharmaceutiques : combinaisons, impacts et dosage par chromatographie gazeuse espace de tête." Paris 5, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA05P160.
Full textHumbert, Séverine Marie Noe͏̈lle. "Sur la gomme-Labdanum (cistus Ladaniferus L. ) et son traitement thermique." Bordeaux 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR2P106.
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