Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Résidus de bois'
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Mellouk, Hamid. "Extraction des volatils à partir du bois par détente instantanée contrôlée : valorisation industrielle des extraits et des résidus solides." Phd thesis, Université de La Rochelle, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00397799.
Ékome, Mengue Ngoua Noël. "Valorisation des résidus de coupe issus de la récolte sélective des bois dans la région du Haut-Ogooué au Gabon." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/mq25304.pdf.
Ciochina, Ovidiu Grigorel. "Incorporation dans les bitumes pétroliers des résidus de la distillation des huiles provenant de la pyrolyse sous vide de pneus usés, de bois et des rebuts de broyage d'automobiles." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq25533.pdf.
Zine, Oussama. "Caractérisation thermique et acoustique des plaques isolantes à base de fibres végétales." Electronic Thesis or Diss., CY Cergy Paris Université, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024CYUN1279.
The valorization of plant waste, so abundant in Morocco, offers great potential for the development of a new sector of composite materials. Nevertheless, this potential remains under-exploited. In this context, this study was carried out to investigate the thermal and acoustical characteristics of local composite panels based on plant fibers. The aim is twofold: on the one hand, to offer an alternative solution to waste management in Morocco, and on the other hand, to improve the thermal and acoustic performance of walls.Several samples of composite materials based on plant fibers (wood chips, sawdust, crushed hemp shiv, and fibred hemp shiv) were developed to assess their thermal and acoustical characteristics.From a thermal point of view, the experimental results have shown that the majority of composites studied exhibit low values of the thermal conductivity and diffusivity. In addition, the variation in bulk density has a considerable effect on the thermal properties of the composites. In addition, the thermal inertia parameters of the exterior wall are influenced by the thermophysical properties, thickness, and position of the insulation in the wall, as well as the internal global heat exchange coefficient.From an acoustic point of view, the samples have a significant acoustic absorption capacity, particularly at high frequencies. They can absorb more than 50% of incident sound energy over a wide range of frequencies. Composite bulk density and particle size also influence acoustic absorption.In conclusion, the results obtained provide a reliable and promising assessment of the thermal and acoustic performance of plant-based insulation materials. The development of this sector will contribute to Morocco's energy efficiency development program and enrich the database of insulation materials available in the country
Darabi, Peyvand. "Propriétés de composites de polyéthylene haute densité et résidus de canne à sucre : effet de la délignification des fibres et d'un traitement de surface sur la résistance à la photo- et la bio-dégradation." Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00819083.
Sarvaramini, Amin. "New routes to enhance the efficiency of biomass torrefaction and gasification processes (Potentials for valorization of lignocellulosic biomass and mining residues)." Thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2014/30571/30571.pdf.
The aim of the proposed research was to provide a better understanding of the mechanisms of biomass torrefaction and to propose practical methods to improve the efficiency of this process. As for the mechanism, torrefaction of two woody biomass samples from Quebec forests (aspen and birch) and their main constituents, i.e., lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose is studied in details using different experimental techniques and a kinetic model is developed for their torrefaction. Our studies on the mechanism and kinetics of biomass torrefaction also revealed the slow rate of biomass torrefaction which motivated us to propose and develop a new ionic-liquid assisted torrefaction process with the aim of increasing the rate of biomass torrefaction. Although torrefaction improves the physicochemical properties of biomass fuel, release of oxygenated hydrocarbons (in the form of volatiles) from biomass reduces its overall energy. To recover volatiles energy, a new combination of biomass torrefaction and chemical looping volatiles combustion was studied. In this regard, the already comminuted, abundant and cheap iron and magnesium bearing silicate minerals found widely in the form of mining residues in the province of Quebec were tested as solid oxygen carrier and up to 96% of volatiles conversion at 700°C was achieved in CLC reactor. As a supplementary work, we were also interested to explore the potential of mining residues containing sizeable quantities of iron for catalytic cracking of tar released during the gasification of biomass. For this purpose, iron-bearing mining residues and minerals obtained from the mining activities in Quebec were evaluated comparatively to olivine (known as an active mineral for tar cracking) for benzene cracking in simulated syngas. It was found that chrysotile showed up to four-fold increase in benzene and methane conversion than olivine.
Mansouri, Komsari Hamid Reza. "Amélioration des résines Urée-Formaldéhyde et Phénol-Formaldéhyde pour le collage des panneaux à base de bois." Thesis, Nancy 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007NAN10081/document.
The work in this thesis has tried to improve the characteristics of aminoplastic and phenolic resins used to make wood particleboard and plywood. To achieve this a number of different additives, active extenders and fillers have been added to the resins. These were polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate (pMDI), micronized waste polyurethane (PUR) powders, a protein namely albumin, a number of fluorinated polyethers (PolyFox) and urea-formaldehyde (UF) polycondensates in which part of the formaldehyde was substituted with propionaldehyde to form urea (formaldehyde-propionaldehyde (UFP) resins. The totality of the formulations and methodologies used for the preparation of the resins is presented in this thesis. Four types of laboratory resins have been synthetised: UF (Urea-Formaldehyde), PF (Phenol-Formaldehyde), UFP (Urea-Formaldehyde-Propionaldehyde) and UP (Urea-Propionaldehyde). Two commercial UF resins have also been used. All the resins were analysed by 13C NMR, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), thermomechanical analysis (TMA) and infrared spectrometry (FT-IR). The plywood and wood particleboard were prepared with the different glue-mixes, and tested according to the specifications of the relevant European Norms. Some of the panels were also analysed by X-ray microdensitometry and MEB
Podgorski, Laurence. "Caractérisation d'un système bois-finition : étude du support bois, de la résine et du vieillissement du système complet." Nancy 1, 1993. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_1993_0219_PODGORSKI.pdf.
Motillon, Coralie. "Formulation et caractérisation de résines thermodurcissables bio-sourcées pour l’industrie du bois." Thesis, Pau, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PAUU3036/document.
This work aims to substitute resins based on formaldehyde as UF by “green” thermosetting adhesives based on natural and renewable local products, in the wood composite industry. The resins studied in this thesis are made from local resources (dextrins from corn starch and tannins from maritime pine barks) and must respect certain industrial requirements. To meet these industrial constraints, the research work of this manuscript deals with studies ranging from the structural understanding of basic product mixtures, up to the characterization of the properties of panels manufactured in the lab, including the formulation and reticulation of resins. These studies show that it is necessary to work in an alkaline medium to solubilize the tannins. In this situation, the tannins / dextrin mixtures give colloidal suspensions. The mass fractions in tannins and dextrins allowing to obtain parameters respecting the specifications vary from 0 to 40%. The epichlorohydrin has been used as hardener to cross-link these resins. Thermosetting materials with good dimensional stability have been obtained. However the resin swelling depends on the composition of the formulation. Adhesive, mechanical and thermal properties of these materials were characterized. Thus, adhesive formulations with the best thermomechanical performances have been selected. Finally, composites have been made from these adhesives and wood particles, respecting an industrial procedure. It has been shown that these panels and those obtained with UF adhesives have equivalent mechanical performances
Galinier, Pascale. "Caractérisation des espèces moléculaires dans les résines urée-formol pour l'industrie du bois." Toulouse, INPT, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986INPT019G.
Lei, Hong. "Résines à base de matériaux naturels et synthétiques destinées aux adhésifs pour le bois." Thesis, Nancy 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NAN10046/document.
Environment-friendly tannin/lignin and soy protein-based wood adhesive were studied. The feasibility and mechanism to use glyoxal to substitute formaldehyde in relevant formulations was analyzed. The suitable addition percentage was determined. The lab-prepared particleboard procedure was optimized too. The results shown in this work confirmed few aspects: Lignin-based adhesives and glyoxalated soy-based wood adhesives mixed with pMDI and mimosa tannin satisfying the requirements of relevant international standards for the manufacture of wood particleboard were obtained. These lignin-based or soy-based wood adhesives did not use any formaldehyde in their formulation. The performance of these formulations is determined to a great degree by the amount or proportion of the pMDI used. The results proved that the reaction between lignin and glyoxal, soy protein and glyoxal. But for the latter, the hydroxy groups that resulted couldn’t condense to a cross-linked structure. Some work has been done on the study of the influence of nano-montmorillonite (MMT) on urea-formaldehyde resin and phenolic resin adhesives. The level of exfoliation of the MMT being mixed with these resins was determined. Some conclusions can be drawn: Na-MMT is completely exfoliated when mixed with UF resins, while it only has some degree of intercalation when added to PF and PUF resins. The addition of small percentages of Na-MMT does not appear to improve much the resins dry performance, while it seems to increase the water resistance of the UF-bonded and phenolic-bond panels
Sylla, Moustapha. "Rôle des molécules phénoliques dans la photopolymérisation : application à des résines de finition pour le bois." Nancy 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001NAN10172.
The use of environnement kind finishes such as photocurable resins onto wood is difficult because of the material reactivity. We studied the influence of phenols chosen as model wood extractives onto the photopolymerization of acrylates. Kinetics of radical curing were investigated by differential scanning (photo)calorimetry to compare phenols reactivity following the nature of initiation (thermal or photochemical) and the action of photoinitiators used. Our results are in good agreement with the interaction mechanisms between phenols/transient species arising from investigations by transient absorption and electron spin resonance spectroscopies. Mechanical properties of acrylate films were characterized by thermomechanical analysis and some structural defects of the cured networks were highlighted depending upon the photoinitiator used. Further developments of this study concern the characterization of coloured phenolic compounds and the use of initiators efficient in visible light
Yin, Suzhou. "Caractérisation par analyses thermiques de la polycondensation d'adhésifs aminoplastes et du durcissement de composites modèles bois-adhésif." Nancy 1, 1994. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_1994_0068_YIN.pdf.
Heinrich, Hervé. "Développement de résine résorcine-phénol-formaldéhyde pour le collage de charpentes en bois lamellé-collé." Nancy 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/1987NAN10187.
We have studied the development of a phenol-resorcinol-formaldehyde based resin for the production of laminated glulam. We have in particular attempted to determine the pH and temperature ranges the most favorable for the polycondensation reactions. The process instructions of the product developed in the laboratory have been adapted to be able to be produced first in a pilot plant, then in industrial reactors. In this work, several industrial trials have been done. The product developed has been tested in different kind of conditions, for the production of laminated glulams. In particular, the process using a high-frequency press has also been tested. We have finally studied by thermo-mechanical analysis the influence of a lignocellulosic substrate, such as wood, on the resin hardening
Denis, Maxinne. "Synthèse d'additifs retardateurs de flamme biosourcés phosphorés pour l'élaboration de nouveaux polymères pour peinture bois à faible impact environnemental." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Montpellier, Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022ENCM0021.
Synthesis of new difunctional reactive phosphorus flame retardants monomers and study of their introduction into the polymer matrix by copolymerization. Tests of post-functionalization on conventional polymeric resins and evaluation of the flame retardant properties of the coating. Synthesis of new reactive phosphorus flame retardants from renewable resources to integrate in a partially biosourced polymer formulation
Trosa, Alessandro. "Résines à base de polyphénols naturels à très faible émission de formaldéhyde dans le collage de panneaux de bois." Nancy 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999NAN10152.
Fernandes, Jean-Carlos. "Modifications structurales apportées à la lignine lors de la cuisson kraft et des stades de blanchiment des pâtes papetières." Grenoble INPG, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994INPG0051.
Neya, Béli. "Valorisation de la biomasse du Burkina faso : faisabilité de panneaux de particules à base de déchets agricoles et recherche de nouveaux biocides pour la préservation du bois à partir d'essences naturellement durables." Nancy 1, 2002. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_2002_0253_NEYA.pdf.
The first part of work concerns the manufacture of particle boards with sugarcane bagasse or rice husk using various resins among which Melamine-Urea-formaldehyde resins (MUF), Phenol-Formaldehyde resins (PF), polyisocyanates resins (PMDI) and finally of mixtures of PMDI/PF resins. The results obtained show that utilization of PMDI resins gives the best results (good mechanical properties and good water resistance), while PF resins lead to slightly lower results. Mixtures PMDI/PF don't give the awaited results, particle boards obtained having properties similars to those obtained with PF resins. MUF resins lead to the less satisfactory results. The second part of the work, concerns the study of reasons of the natural durability of Burkea africana, Prosopis africana and Pterocarpus erinaceus woods in order to identify new biocides for wood preservation. The separation of the extracts matters contained in the different woods and the study of their fungicidal properties indicates the biocidal properties of some of the compounds contained in the extracts. The study of wood durability undergone with or without preliminary extractions shows that the presence of biocidal compounds in the extracts does not allow to explain the resistance of studied wood to fungi and termites attack. The hydrophobic character of wood as its strong dimensional stability would be also a significant factor of its resistance. The analysis of the products in the etheral extracts indicates the presence of greases, waxes and squalene which can be at the base of the preceding results
Properzi, Milena. "Sviluppo e applicazioni di nuove resine melammina-urea-formaldeide (MUF) per del legno." Nancy 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NAN10014.
This report concerns the research focused on the study of structural wood adhesives properties. The research was conducted on four levels namely; Formulation, synthesis and characterization of new MUF wood adhesives. Development of a new honeymoon MUF adhesive system for exterior grade glulam and finger-joints. Experimentation of new chemical additives able to improve the bonding properties of commercial adhesives. Bonding of high moisture content wood. Comparative performances of fast-setting single and separate application wood adhesives for structural glulam
Na, Jae Sik. "Étude de la dégradation hydrolytique de joints adhésifs bois-urée-formol : mise en évidence et caractérisations physico-chimiques." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994INPL069N.
Tondi, Gianluca. "Développement de résines de polycondensation à base de tanins pour produits industriels écologiques et innovateurs : Mousses rigides et produits de préservation bois." Thesis, Nancy 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NAN10047/document.
Condensed tannins are natural products which can be used to replace phenol because they have similar features and similar chemical reactivity. Several project have been started to develop this class of tannins. The most important results have been obtained with tannin based rigid foams. These foams are produced by a condensation reaction between Mimosa tannin and furfuryl alcohol. Successively tannin foams have also undergone carbonisation. Chemical and physical properties of organic and carbonised foam have been studied. Good results have also been obtained for a tannin-bore wood preservative formulation. Tannin based rigid foams are low-density and high porosity materials. The cheap raw material and 95% of natural products combine with an extremely low thermal conductivity and make this foam suitable for several applications such as insulation material, floral foam, trap for metal and shock absorber. Once the foam has undergone carbonisation the properties are strongly modified. This material is constituted mainly of reorganised aromatic structures and furanic derivatives, some of which survive after the treatment. These foams can be useful for applications such as catalyst support, activated carbons, porous electrodes and thermal shield
Heisel, Eric. "Approche des mécanismes de réticulation de colles urée-formol en présence du matériau bois." Nancy 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NAN10341.
Cyr, Pierre-Louis. "Pénétration des résines à base d'urée et de formaldéhyde (UF et UMF) dans les fibres de bois des panneaux de moyenne densité (MDF)." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/25957/25957.pdf.
Chaumeil, Hélène. "Mono N-fonctionnalisation de tétraazamacrocyles : application à la synthèse de nouvelles résines échangeuses d'ions chélatantes." Brest, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989BRES2003.
Zhou, Xiaojian. "Évolution des colles à panneaux bois extérieurs synthétiques (MUF), aux colles naturelles et soudage sans colles." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LORR0035/document.
In this studied, wood based composites were assembled with the natural adhesive (tannin adhesive), the synthesis adhesive (MUF) and the welding wood without adhesive. These wood composites include particleboard, plywood and glulam. We focus on these works as follows: 1) Three different types of tannins (chestnut hydrolysable tannins, pine condensation tannins and mimosa condensation tannins) as thermosetting or cold-setting adhesive were studied to assemble particleboard, plywood and glulam for application to semi-exterior or exterior. 2) The characteristics of MUF resins for particleboard applications have been improved through a number of additives (nanoclay, hyperbranched polymer and glutaraldehyde), the powder adhesive of MUF was obtained by spray-drying technologies, and it could be prolonger the shelf-life of MUF adhesive. It also can be application to exterior after enhancing. 3) The blockboard for application exterior was assembling by welded dowels, two differents materials (sun flower oil and acetylated lignin) were used to improve the water resistance. These physical, chemical and mechanical properties of these assemblages was investigated by implementing some techniques such as thermomechanical analysis (TMA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), nuclear magnetic resonance (13C NMR), matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectroscometry (MALDI-TOF), and by manufacturing wood composites. Finally, the performances of these wood composites were apparent improved whether with the tannin adhesive, the MUF adhesive or the welding wood without adhesive, especially improved the water resistance of wood composites for exterior applications
Xi, Xuedong. "Développement d'adhésifs industriels à base de biomatériaux et de mélamine sans formaldéhyde." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0171.
In this research, there are two main parts works, first is based on melamine glyoxal resin without formaldehyde used, and the modification of it use for wood industry adhesives. The other part is the preparation of environmentally friendly adhesives and non-isocyanate polyurethane(NIPU) from biomass-based (sugar, protein, tannin, etc.). Wood composites such as plywood and particleboard were used for easuring the performance of adhesives, and more possibilities applications of them such as coating and foams were tried also. 13C-NMR, Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR), Matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF), thermomechanical analysis(TMA), Differential scanning calorimetry(DSC) and other instruments help to analyze structures and thermodynamic properties of adhesives. The descriptions of specific works are as follows: 1) Synthetic melamine-glyoxal resin without use toxic formaldehyde and a suitable hardener was found for it. By the modification of glutaraldehyde, a melamine-glyoxal-glutaraldehyde(MGG') resin with good performance was prepared and used for plywood production, which can replace the industrial Urea-formaldehyde resin wood adhesive. In addition, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural as a chemical reagent derived from biomass material was also used to modify MG resin to improve its bonding performance and water resistance. 2) The biomass material furfuryl alcohol was used to react with aldehydes (formaldehyde, glyoxal, glutaraldehyde) to prepare plywood adhesives. Among them, furfuryl alcohol-glyoxal(FAG) resin, which was reacted with a non-toxic glyoxal, and with a good bonding propertiesis. It’s as an environmentally friendly adhesive for wood bongding. The effect of different acidity of curing agents on bonding performance has also been explored, a self-neutralizing hardener is synthesized and used. 3) Proteins, tannins were used to prepare bio-based environmentally friendly wood adhesives, and improved the bonding properties and water resistance by the addition of crosslinking agents (furfuryl alcohol-glyoxal resins, epoxy resins, polyethyleneimine, etc.). 4) Biomass materials such as monosaccharide and disaccharide were used to synthesize non-isocyanate polyurethane(NIPU), and used for plywood or particleboard to obtain bio-based NIPU adhesives with excellent performance. The effect of several crosslinkers on the curing temperature and bonding properties of NIPU was also studied. Research on more application about NIPU have also been conducted, for example, coating and rigid foams
Pons, Michel. "Etude de l'interaction plasma/polymère : influence des propriétés physico-chimiques des polymères et application au développement anisotrope des résines en lithographie submicronique." Grenoble 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993GRE10122.
Despres, Aurélien. "Mise au point de nouvelles résines aminoplastes écologiques à base de diméthoxyéthanal et sans formaldéhyde pour application en tant que colles pour panneaux de particules." Nancy 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NAN10101.
This@ work aimes at formulating new adhesives intended for the manufacture of particleboard without formaldehyde. This molecule being carcinogenic, another aldehyde: the non-toxic dimethoxyethanal (DME), is being used to formulate these new environnement-friendly adhesives. To achieve a goal of this study, two main research approaches were taken. First, resin synthesis was studied with the aim of obtaining the most reactive, stable long-life products. The second part of the worl consists in using post-addition additives, such as isocyanates and latexes, to increase significantly the performance of the resins. Throughout the study, particleboards are made and tested, according to the relevant standards and with the goal of getting to industrial manufacturing conditions. Thus, the finalised formulations and the application parameters have been optimised
Belzile, Karine. "Développement d'une approche intégrée pour la gestion des rebuts de bois au Québec." Mémoire, 2007. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/796/1/M10041.pdf.
Poupart-Montpetit, Jérémie. "Croissance et qualité des tiges et structure et bois mort de peuplements résiduels 20-30 ans après coupes partielles au Témiscamingue." Mémoire, 2012. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/5123/1/M12569.pdf.