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1
Zverev, Yuri. "The Kaliningrad defence industry: Problems of conversion." Defence and Peace Economics 9, no. 4 (August 1998): 395–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10430719808404912.
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ZAIATS, T. A., and V. L. ZHAKHOVSKA. "Conversion of Social Capital in Ukraine: Contradictions, Principles and Prospects." Demography and social economy, no. 1 (March 15, 2021): 63–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/dse2021.01.063.
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The article is devoted to theoretical problems of social capital conversion in modern conditions based on modern ideas and taking into account the specifi cs of social capital formation in Ukraine in recent years as well as the latest achievements of social practices in European countries. The article is relevant due to the need to accelerate the processes of social capitalization and its conversion into open productive forms for social consensus, social development and economic growth. The novelty of the study lies in the formation of a system of views on the nature of social conversion, its contradictions, identifi ed on the basis of systematization of existing relationships and interdependencies in this area, as well as substantiation of models to minimize possible negative consequences for society. The positions of social capital in the structure of total capital, its connection with natural, physical, fi nancial and human capital are conceptually defi ned, and the leading role of open social capital in the formation of a democratic society is proved. The specifi cs of the conversion of social capital in comparison with other forms of capital are revealed. It is established that currently the contradiction between national and corporate social capital is gaining signs of stability. The basic principles and methods of conversion of social capital, adequate to the conditions of formation of a democratic society, are substantiated. Based on the assessment of real trends in socio-economic development and common social practices, three possible models of minimizing the contradictions that arise during the conversion of domestic social capital are proposed, each of which is subject to specifi c tasks and achieving certain development goals. The model of mobilization adaptation is based on the formation of new values in society, norms by public authorities using mostly ideological resources of infl uence on the basis of authority and trust in it by citizens. The model of modernization is focused on updating the statutory norms and rules through their approximation to real economic needs and social practices in accordance with the notion that any law is a normalized ingrained tradition. The model of compromise solutions involves achieving a balance between formal and informal norms in order to achieve a synergistic eff ect from the conversion of social capital.
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Pratama, A. Hadian, Budi Gunawan, and Budi Cahya. "SOCIAL IMPACT OF MANGROVE LAND CONVERSION IN DIMENSIONS AS RURAL SUSTAINABILITY." Jurnal Ilmiah Peuradeun 4, no. 3 (September 28, 2016): 357. http://dx.doi.org/10.26811/peuradeun.v4i3.109.
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Mangrove ecosystem is an important part of the coastal environment. One of the problems in almost all coastal areas in Indonesia is the degradation of mangrove area. In the coastal areas of Langkat Regency, precisely in the Tapak Kuda Village is also facing the same thing. In the last 15 years, mangrove area has reduced quite high. One of them is caused by the conversion of mangrove land into ponds. The existence of mangrove ecosystems is related to socio-economic life of society that causes the decline of mangrove area and the changing environmental conditions of social life. The results showed that the conversion of mangrove land brought the social impact on residents’ lives. Changes in the types of jobs are fishermen decreased 24%, the percentage of farmers rose 19% and fish farmers also rose 10%. Income-related conditions, 24% of people feel steady and have sufficient income to meet the families’ needs, 43% of people feel sometimes high income is not enough to meet families’ needs and 33% of people feel low income that make the families’ needs are not fulfilled. The condition of public education level has increased, the percentage of people completing primary school rose 7%, junior high was up 21%, and high school 16%. Regarding the use of natural resources, there were only 35% of the natural resources that could be managed by the community. Community land use patterns are 10% of ponds, 30% of fields, 20% of fishing areas and 40% of conservation areas.
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Martínez-López, Francisco J., Yangchun Li, Changyuan Feng, and David López-López. "Buying Through Social Platforms." Journal of Organizational and End User Computing 33, no. 4 (July 2021): 70–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/joeuc.20210701.oa4.
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Social platforms are currently encountering a set of burning issues: low ad conversion rates, cross-channel free-riding phenomena, lack of monetary incentives to retain premium content creators, etc. Direct purchase behaviors between social platform users (e.g., making a direct purchase through a seller's promotional post) can largely resolve these problems. Therefore, it is imperative to study the factors that influence users' direct purchase behavior. This paper focuses on risk- and trust-related factors, proposing a theoretical model that was tested on two samples of Chinese users of WeChat. The authors concluded that users tend to evaluate the shopping risk associated with the social platform first, then go through a process of building trust in the platform before making purchases. Further, this trust can generate a halo effect on seller risk. Finally, trust and seller risk directly impact on users' purchase intention to buy from the seller on the platform.
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Bowman, Matthew. "Sin, Spirituality, and Primitivism: The Theologies of the American Social Gospel, 1885–1917." Religion and American Culture: A Journal of Interpretation 17, no. 1 (2007): 95–126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/rac.2007.17.1.95.
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AbstractThis article seeks to draw attention to an often overlooked aspect of the social gospel. Rather than explaining social gospelers as theological liberals who took an interest in social problems, as many historians have done, this essay argues that they were possessed of a unique theology, one which welded evangelical ideas of conversion and experiential Christianity with liberal postmillennial hopes. Their devotion to combating social ills should be understood, therefore, not solely as a secular commitment to social justice or a nebulous allegiance to Christian charity but also as a theological obligation tied to evangelical conversion and a repudiation of social sin, a crime as offensive to God as murder or theft. The social gospelers modeled the ideal Christian society upon that of the biblical patriarchs, one in which no distinction between the secular and sacred existed and sanctification guided the Christian's actions in the economy as well as in personal morality. That society, that postmillennial Zion, would come again when all humanity experienced a spiritual conversion and were truly born again as Christians—a transformation not limited to individual salvation but which brought with it a new understanding of the nature of Christian life.
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Warner, Keith Douglass. "The Greening of American Catholicism: Identity, Conversion, and Continuity." Religion and American Culture: A Journal of Interpretation 18, no. 1 (2008): 113–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/rac.2008.18.1.113.
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AbstractEnvironmental concern is emerging in all major American religious denominations, a process known as the “greening of religion.” The dynamics of a greening process illustrate how individuals incorporate emergent social concerns into their existing moral worldviews and show the ways in which religious identities shape that process. Analyzing the dynamics of this phenomenon reveals much about how a community understands the meaning of religious conversion, demonstrates the stability of religious identities, and illustrates how leaders use new problems to reframe religious identities. The greening of American Catholicism builds upon prior efforts to extend a practical theology of social justice (conversion) but articulates new moral responsibilities for future generations while reinforcing identity (continuity). Pope John Paul II opened a new domain for Catholic social teaching by his numerous teachings about environmental stewardship. U.S. Catholic greening efforts built organically upon the Catholic social teaching initiatives of the 1980s, addressing peace and economic justice, and the emergence of what some refer to as a “distinctly Catholic” contribution to environmental ethics should be interpreted in light of these efforts. This term is not precisely defined, but it suggests a concern for cultivating environmental values within the framework of a Catholic identity and for not subverting Catholic religious identity to conventional “secular” environmental values. The rhetorical framing of environment concerns by an ethic of justice was drawn from the biblical vision of justice, but it was influenced by the American environmental justice movement that emerged during this period. The most innovative expression of the greening of American Catholicism has been a set of regional initiatives, bringing Catholic social vision to bear on local issues through lay civic engagement. The lessons from this study speak to the broad evolution of religious environmental ethics in American culture and can inform future studies of this transreligious phenomenon.
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Simonsohn, Uriel. "“Halting Between Two Opinions”: Conversion and Apostasy in Early Islam." Medieval Encounters 19, no. 3 (2013): 342–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700674-12342141.
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Abstract The phenomenon of individuals converting to Islam and later returning to their former religions is well attested in both narrative and documentary records from the early Islamic period. Such shifts in religious commitments posed social and legal problems for the communities to which their former members sought reentry. Specifically, legal authorities were faced with the challenge of assessing the trustworthiness of returning apostates, whether their return was wholehearted and sincere or, rather, opportunistic and deceitful. The present discussion offers the historical context and a comparative analysis of some of the legal mechanisms by which the Jewish geʾonim of Babylonia and Eastern Christian church leaders attempted to overcome this challenge.
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Korchagina, Anastasia V. "Conversion to Islam: Its Motives and Consequences Through the Looking Glass of Social and Psychological Research." Minbar. Islamic Studies 11, no. 2 (September 21, 2018): 375–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.31162/2618-9569-2018-11-2-375-385.
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The article comprises results of a social and psychological study. This study had its aim to research the motives, which people use to embrace Islam as a new religion and the problems, which arise when an individual acquires a new religious identity. For this study the author has developed a special questionnaire and has conducted more than 2000 hours of interviews with the converts. Its result offers a list of motives often brought forward to explain the conversion. Among them there are spiritual search, the search for the meaningful life, an individual and his/her purpose, need for clear doctrine with understandable values. The author argues that there is still a necessity to psychologically help the new converts to adapt themselves to the newly acquired religious and existential identity.
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Jalan, Rekha K., Jyoti Adhikari, and Mohan Belbase. "Socio-demographic Characteristics and Psychosocial Stressors in the Children and Adolescents with Somatoform Disorders." Journal of Nepalgunj Medical College 17, no. 1 (August 22, 2019): 43–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jngmc.v17i1.25315.
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Introduction: Somatoform disorders are characterized by physical symptoms that suggest a medical condition, and which are not fully explainable by general medical condition, or by the direct effects of a substance, or by another mental disorder.
Objectives: to study the socio-demographic characteristics and psychosocial stressors in children and adolescents with somatoform disorders.
Methods: From 1st January, 2018 to 30th June 2018, Children and adolescents from 3 to 18 years of age with unexplained physical st thsymptoms were evaluated using DSM – IV criteria. Detailed evaluation followed for those meeting inclusion criteria.
Results: Among 65 patients (18, 27.69% boys and 47, 72.31% girls) meeting inclusion criteria, conversion disorder was the most common (37, 56.92%), followed by undifferentiated somatoform disorder (15, 23.08%). Girls were significantly more represented among conversion disorder patients compared to other groups of somatoform disorders (68.08% vs. 27.78%, X2 =8.63, p<0.01) Stressors 2 were identified in 95% and acute precipitating stressors were present in 75% patients. Both the boys and girls had significantly higher rates of academic problems. Boys found to have social and environmental problems while girls had problems in primary support group.
Conclusion: Somatoform disorder, particularly conversion disorder is more common and it is found more in girls. Academic problems, poor interpersonal relations and conflict in the family are the important psychosocial stressors.
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Sremac, Srdjan. "Trauma, Substance Dependence and Religious Coping: A Narrative Spiritual Appraisal in Faith-Based Recovery Programs." Journal of Empirical Theology 31, no. 1 (April 20, 2018): 112–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15709256-12341369.
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Abstract The purpose of this article is to understand how people with substance dependence problems employ testimonies of spiritual transformation to develop, cope and sustain a sense of personal identity and create meaning from conflicting (traumatic) life experiences. The quest to undo the struggling with substance dependence is seen as a spiritual attempt to reconfigure the person’s ‘spoiled identity’. Drawing on 31 autobiographies of people who recovered from substance dependence problems I analyzed their conversion testimonies in two European contexts (Serbia and the Netherlands, including a sample of immigrants). It draws on the observation that substance dependence often (though certainly not always) develops in response to life crises or trauma and identity confusion, while spiritual transformation, including religious conversion, can foster recovery. The study focuses specifically of the role of testimony in reconstructing a viable narrative of the self, accounting for trauma, substance dependence experience, and conversion and embedding in different social, cultural, and spiritual contexts. Finally, suggestions for the helping professions and care providers of substance dependence service will be offered.
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Verdó, György. "Experiences of organizing the social institutions into non-profit companies in Hajdú-Bihar county." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 46 (May 16, 2012): 99–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/46/2417.
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The study attempts to find solutions for relieving the major serious economic and social problems which are resulted partly by the economic crisis, mainly by demographic processes ( decrease of population, declining economic activity, ageing) and which occur all over Europe. In 2007, in Hungary, the Local Government of Hajdú-Bihar county started to reform the social institutions sytems in a unique way in the interest of operating these systems economically. The experiences, gained after the conversion, show that the companies as social institutions maintainers are able to work properly more efficiently, with less government support while they meet the professional requirements, and the management who does the control is competentand innovative.
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Sówka, Izabela, Sławomir Pietrowicz, and Piotr Kolasiński. "Energy Processes, Systems and Equipment." Energies 14, no. 6 (March 18, 2021): 1701. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14061701.
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The scientific and technical issues related to energy harvesting and conversion are inseparably bound to the issues of environmental protection. Energy conversion systems and devices that are applied for converting the chemical energy contained in different fuels into heat, electricity, and cold in industry and housing are sources of different gases and solid particle emissions. Thus, the development of different technologies for energy conversion and environmental protection that can be jointly applied to cover growing energy needs has become a crucial challenge for scientists and engineers around the world. Progress in the precise description, modeling, and optimization of physical and chemical phenomena related to these energy conversion systems is a key research and development field for the economy. Legal and social issues that are affecting key aspects and problems related to the energy conversion and power sector are also significant and worth investigating. The aim of Energy Processes, Systems and Equipment Special Issue is to publish selected high-quality papers from the XV Scientific Conference POL-EMIS 2020: Current Trends in Air and Climate Protection—Control Monitoring, Forecasting, and Reduction of Emissions (29–31 March 2021, Wrocław) and other papers related to the field of energy conversion.
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Gutman, Evgeniya V., and Rasilya R. Nurmieva. "Pedagogical Model of Preservice Teachers Social Adaptation to the Future Professional Activity." International Journal of Higher Education 8, no. 7 (October 28, 2019): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/ijhe.v8n7p17.
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The article is dedicated to the students' social adjustment to acknowledged informative exercises problems. The study uses a modeling method to build preservice teachers social adaptation pedagogical model. The model comprises a list of operations contributory to successful students social evolution to instructional activities. Students' successful conversion to professional activity is permissible under the status of the university, specially organized work, which is focused on the lecturer teaching student composition of natures. The article details the university organizational and pedagogical conditions, which will help the cerebral and social restructuring of students' experience and will form an adequate position in the teaching staff. The following means are proposed which increase the social evolution level: the development of curricula which contribute to the professional social adaptation; the educational practice programs improvement; development of a system of integrated psychological and pedagogical support in the learning process; the organization of the psychological and pedagogical training.
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Upadhyay, Prakash. "Restructuring Spiritualism in New Life: Conversion to Christianity in Pokhara, Nepal." Janapriya Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 9, no. 1 (December 31, 2020): 135–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jjis.v9i1.35283.
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Christianity entered Nepal more than three and half centuries ago but religious conversion is still a contentious issue. This paper explores the trend of conversion to Christianity in Pokhara, Nepal. The study method was qualitative and quantitative. Observation, interview schedule and case study guidelines were used to obtain data from 70 converts of AG Church, Fulbari, Pokhara. The study findings reveal that females and oppressed of all caste/ethnicities with low occupational status were more interested in conversion. With no single cause of conversion, process and consequence, there is a nexus between conversion and modernity, consequences and the elements of continuity. With healing and church charity as the key motivations behind conversion, people convert with different intentions to overcome health problems, discontent with present religion, for money, friends and family influences. Christian church activates charities/supports for conversion. Conversion as a choice is a product of modern individualism, and the converts perceived contentment and changes in post-convert life. The accusation that conversion to Christianity is for financial gains may be valid for those who come with expectations, but the majority converts economic status is not satisfactory. In the absence of a state sponsored health and social security system, prevailing socioeconomic inequalities and pseudo-scientific non-medics superstition of church, conversion may be a way to break predominant sociocultural hierarchy/barriers. Hence, it should not be very surprising that many more will adopt Christianity in future. Educational systems should be reformed to reflect each religion’s genuine teaching and ideology and hence generate awareness on proselytizing.
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Kaneda, Toshiyuki, Mingji Cui, Sofia Sahab, and Ahmad Ramin Sadiq. "Gaming Exercise for Rights-Conversion-Type Urban Redevelopment Project in International Cooperation Context." Simulation & Gaming 51, no. 2 (January 29, 2020): 212–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1046878119899417.
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Background. The rights conversion is an emerging approach on international cooperation that aims to solve the urban renewal problems in the 21st century. Previous research centred on the development of a rights-conversion-type urban redevelopment project game (URPG) for rights holders considering a project in Japan. Here, we focus on the application of URPG into Kabul City in Afghanistan, being presented with an opportunity for transfer by interuniversity collaboration. We introduce a gaming exercise herein as part of an action research to solve Kabul’s current urban renewal problems. Aim. Our paper is especially focused on the international transfer of the URPG. The content includes the background, process and formalisation of the rights conversion and reports on the outline of the two versions of URPG and a play content analysis of the Kabul version. It also mentions the implications of international differences in social systems highlighted from the episodes of the debriefing. Method. Our action research is evolved from the soft system approach by adding the gaming exercise, which is regarded as its main component. Results. The implications of the action research are summarised as follows: (1) URPG is a game that deals with the core mechanism of the rights conversion. Herein, we confirmed the basic performance of the Kabul version for undergraduate education in specialised courses. (2) Through a debriefing discussion, we revealed the cultural differences for rights notions on lands, which were subsequently taken into the legislative preparation of the rights conversion by the Afghanistan government. (3) Moreover, we revealed that URPG can deal with a project implementation problem in a given case, although the institutional design of the legislative project framework is a significant problem. Thus, a new gaming exercise based on these two-layered formulations is required.
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Roy, Susmita, Gopi Kanta Roy, Momtaz Begum, Md Enayet Karim, Mst Shammy Akhter, and Olita Begum. "Psycho-social stressors and life events of the patients with conversion disorder: a study in a tertiary care hospital in north east zone of Bangladesh." Bangladesh Journal of Psychiatry 28, no. 2 (June 7, 2017): 41–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpsy.v28i2.32734.
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The symptoms of conversion disorder arise in response to stressful situations. The objective of the study was to evaluate the frequency of various psychosocial stressors and socio-demographic characteristics in patients with Conversion disorder. This was a descriptive Cross sectional study conducted in the Department of Psychiatry of Jalalabad Ragib Rabeya Medical College Hospital, Sylhet, Bangladesh during the period from March 2011 to February 2013 among 240 admitted patients with conversion disorder satisfying inclusion and exclusion criteria who were consecutively selected as study group. This study revealed that the most of the patients (62.5%) were below the age of 25 years with female predominance (90.4%). Among the patients, 67.5% came from joint family, 62.1% from rural area and 71.7% from the families with income within 10,000-20,000 BDT per month. Also 62.5% patients experienced seizure whereas 22.9% experienced mixed symptoms. Psychosocial stressors were clearly identified in 87.5% of the patients. The stressors in our population in order of frequency were disturbed relation with in-laws (20.8%), failure in examination or study problem (20%), disturbed relation with spouse (15.4%), husband staying abroad (13.3%), love problems (11.2%), job stress or more work-load (11.2%), relationship problem with family members or parents (9.6%), pampered child (3.3%), demand of marriage (3.3%), marriage against will (2.9%), death of a close family member (2.1%), physical illness (2.1%), demand of going abroad (1.7%), issue less (1.7%) and financial crisis (1.2%). In this study, a large number of stressors were identified in patients with conversion disorder. The pattern of the stressors in our subjects was unique to our population and most of these stressors were easily treatable.Bang J Psychiatry Dec 2014; 28(2): 41-44
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Wilson, C. L., and J. L. Blue. "Neural Network Methods Applied to Character Recognition." Social Science Computer Review 10, no. 2 (July 1992): 173–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089443939201000204.
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Neural network methods show great promise for providing highly accurate, noise resistant, parallel algorithms and data organization for a wide range of problems where “humanlike” recognition ability is needed. One specific area of recognition, the conversion of images of handwritten to computer representation, is used in this paper to explore the two major types of machine learning—supervised learning and self-organization—and to demonstrate the capabilities of neural network algorithms.
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Irawan, Bambang. "Konversi Lahan Sawah: Potensi Dampak, Pola Pemanfaatannya, dan Faktor Determinan." Forum penelitian Agro Ekonomi 23, no. 1 (August 18, 2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/fae.v23n1.2005.1-18.
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<strong>English</strong><br />Conversion of wetland area into non-agricultural uses raises economic, social, and environmental problems. This phenomenon is a serious problem for food security because it is unavoidable and its impact on food production decrease is permanent, accumulative, and progressive. To control wetland conversion the government launched many regulations but this formal approach seems ineffective due to various factors. Accordingly, policies revitalization including economic and social approaches should be developed. Principally, future policy of wetland conversion should be intended: (1) to reduce economic and social factors that stimulate conversion of wetland area, (2) to control the acreage, location, and type of wetland area conversed in order to minimize the negative impacts, and (3) to neutralize negative impacts through investments funded by the private companies involved in the conversion.<br /><br /><br /><strong>Indonesian</strong><br />Konversi lahan sawah ke penggunaan nonpertanian seperti kompleks perumahan, kawasan industri, kawasan perdagangan, dan sarana publik dapat menimbulkan dampak negatif secara ekonomi, sosial, dan lingkungan. Bagi ketahanan pangan nasional, konversi lahan sawah merupakan ancaman yang serius, mengingat konversi lahan tersebut sulit dihindari sementara dampak yang ditimbulkan terhadap masalah pangan bersifat permanen, kumulatif, dan progresif. Banyak peraturan yang diterbitkan pemerintah untuk mengendalikan konversi lahan sawah tetapi pendekatan yuridis tersebut terkesan tumpul akibat berbagai faktor. Sehubungan dengan itu maka diperlukan revitalisasi kebijakan dalam mengendalikan konversi lahan melalui pengembangan pendekatan ekonomi dan pendekatan sosial. Pada intinya kebijakan pengendalian konversi lahan di masa yang akan datang perlu diarahkan untuk mencapai tiga sasaran yaitu : (1) menekan intensitas faktor sosial dan ekonomi yang dapat merangsang konversi lahan sawah, (2) mengendalikan luas, Iokasi, den jenis lahan sawah yang dikonversi dalam rangka memperkecil potensi dampak negatif yang ditimbulkan, dan (3) menetralisir dampak negatif konversi lahan sawah melalui kegiatan investasi yang melibatkan dana perusahaan swasta pelaku konversi lahan.
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Khlyshcheva, E. V., and V. S. Dryagalov. "From appeal to transgression: problems of modern discourse of religious Transitions." Concept: philosophy, religion, culture 4, no. 2 (July 31, 2020): 43–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2541-8831-2020-2-14-43-52.
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Globalization processes, which are aimed at forming a single language of different cultures, raise problems of modern identity and its transformation. The process of self-identification is complex and depends on the existing worldview, so the transformation of identity entails a change in the worldview, and vice versa. In other words, such transformation can be seen as transgressive processes, which is clearly demonstrated in the example of religious practice.The religious worldview is rather stable, but significant changes are observed today. Influenced by syncretism fashion, new religious practices start blurring the boundaries of the world confessions that have been formed over the centuries, replacing the sacrament of conversion with an act of uncontrolled religious transgression, which is especially characteristic of believers who do not feel a special craving for integral system of dogmas.The authors used the term transgression to fix the phenomenon of crossing the impassable border between the possible and the impossible, leading in some cases to a breakthrough beyond the boundaries of everyday commonness and generally accepted norms. This process is both constructive and destructive, but it is destructive to social norms. Therefore, special attention is paid to the act of religious transgression related to the transition to another faith, which makes it necessary to study in the framework of the article bans and recommendations designed to create a limit of impassability on the borders of world confessions. Based on the comparative analysis of various rules and regulations adopted in Judaism, Islam and Christianity in order to regulate believers’ behavior, the social effect on the formation of the individual religious worldview is analyzed.
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Xu, Zonggang. "Social Governance Structure Construction and Resource Allocation Methods under the Management Mode of the Internet of Things." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2021 (July 20, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/7963311.
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Aiming at the problems in the social governance structure level under the management mode of the Internet of Things, this paper designs a network agent based on the idea of service grid construction that has the functions of service resource configuration discovery, load balancing, and protocol conversion. Using it as a service governance infrastructure reduces the coupling between business services and service governance, and the network agent will intercept the service call traffic within the platform to achieve cross-protocol and cross-frame service communication. Through the proposed global query decomposition strategy and algorithm, a global query mapping is realized, which solves the problem of global query decomposition based on the global data model. We designed the unified management mechanism of two commonly used IoT databases based on XML. This process involves the realization of heterogeneous Internet of Things database resource configuration, data mode conversion, and global query mapping. Among them, in the process of data schema conversion, the conflict of the data in the schema mapping is resolved, the XML Schema is generated, the schema mapping metadata is established, and the XML document of the data is generated. We build a framework for optimal allocation of cloud computing resources based on load forecasting and propose an adaptive elastic control system for resource allocation based on resource status monitoring and demand forecasting. In view of the low resource utilization problem caused by the resource management mode of single virtual machine serving single user adopted by Internet of Things service providers, this paper constructs a new public cloud architecture with a five-layer structure. On the basis of this architecture, an adaptive configuration mode of virtualized resources based on a single virtual machine serving multiple users is proposed. This mode can automatically search for optimal virtualization resources for application resource requests made by different users and run different applications on the same virtual machine without affecting the quality of service, so that IoT providers can guarantee services. At the same time, it improves the utilization efficiency of IoT resources and reduces energy consumption.
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MOROZ, Ivanna. "EXTERNAL GOVERNMENT DEBT MANAGEMENT OF UKRAINE IN CONDITIONS OF SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC AND PANDEMIC SHOCKS." WORLD OF FINANCE, no. 1(66) (2021): 48–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/sf2021.01.048.
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Introduction. The consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on macroeconomic dynamics and the state of external public debt are analised. The main reasons for the growth of the State Budget deficit of Ukraine are identified and the need to increase the efficiency of the external public debt management policy in the context of minimizing the budget deficit is proved. Emphasis is placed on the situational and imbalance of Ukraine’s external public debt management policy, which is due to the lack of the Economic Development Strategy of Ukraine and the Government’s program of activities for 2020. It is substantiated that the lack of clear strategic goals of economic development of the state and adherence to such a strategy has led to an increase in the cost of servicing external pu blic debt, increasing the cost of attracting it and reducing the maturity. It is also proved that the lack of strategy together with the low level of fiscal, debt and monetary policy coherence are the main reasons for inefficient conversion of external public debt, as the main amounts of external government borrowing are not used to finance economic development, but to finance state budget expenditures and to repay old debts. The purpose of to the article is to study the theoretical and practical aspects of debt policy in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic in order to justify a new paradigm of Ukraine’s external public debt management policy. Results. Based on the analysis of major macroeconomic trends in Ukraine and identifying external debt problems, the latest paradigm of external public debt management policy is proposed, the essence of which is to subordinate debt policy to tactical and strategic goals of the national economy budget, debt and monetary policy, as well as in achieving effective conversion of external government borrowing to stimulate economic development. It is proposed to use a program-targeted method of external public debt management policy, which involves raising funds from international organizations exclusively to finance specific government programs. Perspectives. It is necessary to increase the efficiency of conversion of external government loans to finance capital investments from the State budget, which will use the foreign debt potential to stimulate Ukraine’s economic development.
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Benton, H. C., and E. C. L. Bleach. "Responses to multiple chain enrichment in post weaned pigs." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 2009 (April 2009): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s175275620002963x.
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The social stressors associated with the abrupt weaning process on commercial farms can result in significant welfare issues for pigs; including behavioural problems and aggression, decreased immunological responses, reduced live weight gain and efficiency of feed conversion (van de Weerd and Day, 2008). Slats and slurry systems in commercial housing systems for grower pigs provide a barren environment which may exacerbate these problems. Enriched environments have been shown to reduce aggression in pigs, particularly where devices that have manipulative and destructive properties are used (Scott et al, 2007). However, studies often include a single device that does not permit all animals to interact with the enrichment at any one time. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of multiple metal chain enrichment on levels of aggression in growing pigs.
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Streit-Forest, Ursula, and Et Marc Goulet. "Article." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 32, no. 1 (February 1987): 43–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674378703200110.
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In this study a group of 27 victims seen approximately 6 months after the assault was compared to a matched control group. The results show significantly higher scores on two subscales of IPAT (“ego weakness” and “disposition to guilt”) and on 4 scales of the MMPI (“denial”, “hypochondriasis”, “depression” and “conversion hysteria”); also, the victims' social adjustment seems inferior and the frequency of sexual relations has been reduced considerably for them. The following factors have been evaluated in order to test their relation to the adjustment to the assault: rape by a stranger versus someone known, degree of violence, feelings of self-blame, problems during the crisis, predominant thoughts, professional help, social support, stable relationship, allusion to victim's responsibility for rape and conviction or not of the aggressor. Even though most of these variables show a significant simple correlation with adjustment to rape only four among them remain significantly associated when socio-demographic variables, pre-rape psycho-social problems and life stressors are controled; the very subjective variable “predominant thoughts”seems to best explain differences in adjustment. The importance of pre-assault variables and of the subjective reaction to rape is discussed.
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Young, Jeremy C. "TRANSFORMATION IN THE TABERNACLE: BILLY SUNDAY'S CONVERTS AND EMOTIONAL EXPERIENCE IN THE PROGRESSIVE ERA." Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era 14, no. 3 (July 2015): 367–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1537781415000080.
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AbstractMillions of Americans watched the evangelist Billy Sunday preach during the years 1905–1935, and many were profoundly affected by the experience. Using letters, published and unpublished reminiscences, and other primary source documents, this article reconstructs the emotional experience of Sunday's converts and offers insights into the meaning of conversion and followership in Sunday's and other similar social movements. Through their emotional responses to the evangelist, followers recast socioeconomic problems and community pressures as personal, internal crises that could be resolved through adherence to Sunday's principles. The process of conversion was considered and volitional; it was also a long-lasting act of self-fashioning. Americans who converted in Sunday's tabernacles thoroughly reinvented themselves as followers of Sunday and then set out to remake society according to the evangelist's goals. Generalizing from these insights, the article argues that followership of inspirational leaders was a site of significant agency for Progressive Era Americans. It also identifies emotional experience as a way for historical figures to translate cultural trends into concrete social action. The article concludes by calling for additional research into how emotions shape and condition historical change.
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Marchetti, Livia, Valentina Cattivelli, Claudia Cocozza, Fabio Salbitano, and Marco Marchetti. "Beyond Sustainability in Food Systems: Perspectives from Agroecology and Social Innovation." Sustainability 12, no. 18 (September 11, 2020): 7524. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12187524.
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Food security faces many multifaceted challenges, with effects ranging far beyond the sectors of agriculture and food science and involving all the multiscale components of sustainability. This paper puts forward our point of view about more sustainable and responsible approaches to food production research underlying the importance of knowledge and social innovation in agroecological practices. Increased demand for food worldwide and the diversification of food choices would suggest the adoption of highly productive, but low-resilient and unsustainable food production models. However, new perspectives are possible. These include the revitalization and valorization of family-based traditional agriculture and the promotion of diversified farming systems as a social and economic basis to foster social-ecological conversion. Additionally, they encompass the forecasting of the Participatory Guarantee Systems (PGS) and the drafting of a new agenda for food sovereignty. Thanks to a desk analysis, the study describes and discusses these perspectives, their trajectories and action research implications. The results suggest the need to adopt a more inclusive and systemic approach to the described problems, as the solutions require the promotion of responsibility within decision makers, professionals and consumers. This appears essential for reading, analyzing and understanding the complex ecological-functional, social and economic relations that characterize farming systems, as well as mobilizing local communities.
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Shirali, I. Y. "Overview of biofuel as an alternate energy source: current status and future prospects." SOCAR Proceedings, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 165–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5510/ogp20200300458.
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The correlation between the development of the world’s population is examined and, in connection with this, the expansion and development of the list of problems necessary for solving the problems of life support for a growing population is considered. It is indicated that the solution of these problems will contribute to the consumption of energy resources, which requires the identification and implementation of alternative sources. It was noted and justified that for this purpose the most promising in this direction around the world are biomass, which are involved in the production of renewable fuel bioenergy based on them. The classification and possibilities of biofuel compositions and the technology of thermochemical production of them and on their basis thermal energy, electricity and the development of bio-based chemicals and materials from biomass are given. The modularity of production was confirmed, including the collection, conversion, energy supply, classification and processing of the remains - products of these stages of production. A list of factors that negatively affect the social, economic and environmental conditions is formulated.
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Li, Shu Lin. "Study on the Sustainable Development Evaluation of Logistics Enterprise for Industry Manufacturing Based on Data Envelopment Analysis." Applied Mechanics and Materials 345 (August 2013): 380–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.345.380.
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Logistics is an important part in social reproduction; it not only has the physical recycling and energy conversion, but also involves value transfer and value realization. Besides, the logistics involved the economic system and ecological environment system. With resource constraints and environmental problems have become more serious; the sustainable development of logistics enterprise for industry manufacturing has become the focus of the academic community. Based on the concept of sustainable development and data envelopment analysis model, this paper constructs the evaluation index system of sustainable development for logistics enterprise for industry manufacturing, and clears the application process of the model according to the characteristics of its logistics enterprise for industry manufacturing.
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Rocco, Philip, and Chloe Thurston. "From metaphors to measures: observable indicators of gradual institutional change." Journal of Public Policy 34, no. 1 (December 16, 2013): 35–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0143814x13000305.
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AbstractScholarship on social policy has recently emphasised the importance of gradual processes of institutional change. However, conceptual work on the identification of processes such as drift, conversion and layering has not produced clear empirical indicators that distinguish these processes from one another, posing major problems for empirical research. We argue that, in order to improve the validity of its empirical findings, scholarship on gradual change should – and can – pay more attention to issues of measurement and detection. We then contribute to this goal by clearly articulating observable indicators for several mechanisms of gradual institutional change and validating them against extant empirical work on political economy.
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Mashur, Dadang, and Zaili Rusli. "UPAYA DAN IMPLIKASI PENYEDIAAN RUANG TERBUKA HIJAU (RTH)." Jurnal Kebijakan Publik 9, no. 1 (August 28, 2018): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.31258/jkp.9.1.p.45-52.
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Efforts and Implications of Green Open Space (RTH). The current urban problem hasbecome a complicated problem to overcome. Urban development leads to negative con- sequenceson several aspects, including environmental aspects. In the early stages of urban development, most of the land is green open space. However, there is a need for space to accommodate the population and its activities, the green space is likely to undergo conversion of land use to a wakearea. Most of its surface, especially in the city center, is covered by roads, buildings and others with very complex characters and different from the green open space characters. These are exacerbated by weak law enforcement and public awareness of urban spatial planning, causing frequent floodingin urban areas, high air pollution and increased social vulnerability (crime and social crisis), decreased public productivity due to stress due to limited public space which are available for social interaction,and cause congestion problems due to high side barriers in certain road segments.
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Home, Robert, Annina Indermuehle, Anna Tschanz, Elke Ries, and Matthias Stolze. "Factors in the decision by Swiss farmers to convert to organic farming." Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems 34, no. 6 (February 21, 2018): 571–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742170518000121.
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AbstractDemonstrated economic benefits of conversion to organic agriculture, combined with solutions to technical and production-related problems, suggest that farmers in Switzerland should have converted in large numbers to organic production. However, the number of organic farms in Switzerland has remained virtually constant in the last 10 yr, so it appears there are other factors that influence the decision of whether or not to convert. Several studies have sought to identify the factors that influence the decisions by farmers whether or not to convert to organic, but have found a range of factors that appear to be context dependent, while others can be seen as context transcendent, which makes it difficult to draw generalizable conclusions. The aim of this study was to identify how Swiss farmers’ decisions reflect the interaction of perceptions, relationships, policies and economic factors, which either enable or provide barriers to conversion. Semi-structured interviews were conducted in 2015 with 39 farmers of mixed and arable farms in the German- (n = 24) and French-speaking (n = 15) parts of Switzerland. The interviews were recorded, transcribed and analyzed according to their content. The results show that the decision of whether or not to convert relies on belief that technical problems have been sufficiently solved, as well as a range of social factors. Farmers perceive social pressure for them to be productive, but non-organic farmers often incorrectly perceive organic farming as not being oriented toward production. Furthermore, ‘official’ advice, which could correct this misperception, is sought about how, rather than whether, to convert and typically comes after farmers have made their decision. Major barriers in an area with a low density of organic farms are the lack of supply and delivery points within an acceptable travel distance, and lack of peer networks to provide informal support. On the basis of these findings, we propose that strategies to encourage conversion should be based around two main pillars: investment to create a network of supply and delivery points in areas with low density of organic farms; and actions, such as information events, to encourage dialogue between conventional and organic farmers to counteract feelings of ‘us vs them’.
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Chung, Truong Van. "The Conversion to Protestantism: A Challenge in Ethnic and Religious Life of Brahmanism Cham People in Ninh Thuan Province, Vietnam." Tattva - Journal of Philosophy 5, no. 2 (July 30, 2015): 87–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.12726/tjp.10.6.
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The Cham Balamon people in Vietnam are an ethnic group with long religious and cultural traditions, who give a great importance to preserving their own cultural identity through generations. However, in recent years there are many economic, cultural and social changes in the life of the Cham Balamon community. One of the significant changes in the spiritual life of this community is the conversion of belief from Hinduism to Christianity. We think that this is an outstanding problem that needs to be addressed by formal and comprehensive scientific research projects. We have dispatched several research groups to conduct field trips, deep interviews and sociological surveys on the spiritual life of the Cham Balamon community. This paper is the first step of those researches pointing out the problems and challenges to the Cham Balamon community in Ninh Thuan Province, Vietnam. These are cultural and belief conflicts among people in the community or even among family members. However, we would predict that the biggest challenge is the risk of losing cultural identities that the Cham Balamon community is facing today due to religious conversion
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Geng, Jin Liang. "Structure Design and Control for Multifunctional Paint-Device." Advanced Materials Research 1044-1045 (October 2014): 868–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1044-1045.868.
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In view of the traditional way of painting by using brush, wearing protective clothing and breathing harmful gas, etc. problems, The bottleneck of traditional manual approach to health, safety and social progress should be solved. By analyzing the relationship between innovative structure, strength analysis, recycling of resources and environmental protection,A comprehensive solution is put forward which includes the structure design of quadruple adjustment and twofold recycling, integration of roll-spray, automatic control and frequency conversion for speed regulation. The results of the enterprise’s practical application indicate that this device is effective on ensuring human health, environmental protection, resource utilization, improving productivity and creating economic benefit, Its market application prospect is very broad.
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Somers, Margaret R., and Fred Block. "From Poverty to Perversity: Ideas, Markets, and Institutions over 200 Years of Welfare Debate." American Sociological Review 70, no. 2 (April 2005): 260–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000312240507000204.
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To understand the rise of market fundamentalism from the margins of influence to mainstream hegemony, we compare the U.S. 1996 Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunities Reconciliation Act and the English 1834 New Poor Law—two episodes in which existing welfare regimes were overturned by market-driven ones. Despite dramatic differences across the cases, both outcomes were mobilized by “the perversity thesis”—a public discourse that reassigned blame for the poor's condition from “poverty to perversity.” We use the term “ideational embeddedness” to characterize the power of such ideas to shape, structure, and change market regimes. The success of the perversity thesis is based on the foundations of social naturalism, theoretical realism, and the conversion narrative. In the poverty to perversity conversion narrative, structural blame for poverty is discredited as empiricist appearance while the real problem is attributed to the corrosive effects of welfare's perverse incentives on poor people themselves—they become sexually promiscuous, thrust aside personal responsibility, and develop longterm dependency. This claim enables market fundamentalism to delegitimate existing ideational regimes, to survive disconfirming data, and to change the terms of debate from social problems to the timeless forces of nature and biology. Coupling economic sociology with a sociology of ideas, we argue that ideas count; but not all ideas are created equal. Only some have the capacity to fuel radical transformations in the ideational embeddedness of markets.
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Li, Jiajia, and Phayung Meesad. "Combining Sentiment Analysis with Socialization Bias in Social Networks for Stock Market Trend Prediction." International Journal of Computational Intelligence and Applications 15, no. 01 (March 2016): 1650003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1469026816500036.
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According to the indirect relationship between information and stock trend, information such as comments and tweets can be used for stock trend prediction. When conducting classification on text data, feature sparse issues occur during conversion between tweets and word vectors. Another problem is that the unreliability of average sentiment scores to indicate one day’s sentiment. This is especially caused by the unbalanced number between positive and negative within one day, thus a large bias between sentiment and stock trend arises. In addion, information has social attributes when created and diffused in social networks, bias containing people’s belief in social networks also have become socialization bias. In order to solve those problems, this work proposes a sentiment analysis based prediction model and an inverse bias algorithm. Instead of applying sentiment analysis to add sentiment related features, this work uses SentiWordNet to give an additional weight to the selected features, and applies two kinds of sentiment analysis to inverse the socialization bias. Aiming at labeling the tweets to sentiment related groups to help find socialization bias, this work also proposes an extended wordlist based on a semi-supervised Naïve Bayes classification algorithm. After finishing the inverse socialization bias, stock trends were used to label example sets. Different classification algorithms were compared in this work. The proposed model with SVM linear algorithm proves to yield accuracy of 90.33% at its best performance.
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Babkin, R. A. "Integral Assessment of the Level of Marginalization of Regional Societies in Russia." Federalism, no. 1 (March 29, 2021): 132–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.21686/2073-1051-2021-1-132-164.
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The marginalization of society is one of the most acute problems of modern Russia leading to a slowdown of the development of social and human capital. World practice shows that the social atmosphere serves as a necessary environment for the self-realization of the individual and the disclosure of the natural potential inherent in it. The social background sets certain standards for a person’s self-expression, promotes the conversion of his talents in the economic and cultural spheres and it is an integral part of the process of forming a civil society. If modern education, high-quality medicine or high culture stimulate the development of human capital, then crime, poverty or social diseases, on the contrary, suppress its growth. The article shows the versatility of marginalization, explains its main causes and regional specifics. A system of indicators and a methodology for evaluating this phenomenon are proposed. The author presents an attempt to link a number of statistical indicators of social exclusion with the most striking characteristics of social marginalization. On this basis, a methodology for assessing the marginalization of regional societies is developed, the heterogeneity and regional specifics of this phenomenon are shown and the main factors of geographical, economic, cultural and institutional origin that cause reduced or increased values of marginalization are identified.
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Zhang, Fu Ming, Xiang Long Meng, Chao Zhen Cao, and Lin Li. "Construction of Circulating Economy Development Model for New Generation Iron and Steel Plant." Advanced Materials Research 875-877 (February 2014): 1133–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.875-877.1133.
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The problems existing in the development of modern iron and steel industry is analyzed in this paper, and a basic development model of circulating economy in modern iron and steel industry is put forward. There are three basic functions for new generation of circulating iron and steel enterprises include steel product manufacture, energy conversion, and the social waste disposal, circulating economy will become the only approach of survival and development for the contemporary steel enterprises in the future. In this article the design philosophy of the high-efficiency circulating new generation steel plant combine with the design of Shougang Jingtang iron and steel plant is discussed and evaluated. The application of principle of the reduction, reusing, recycling for the new generation steel plant design is introduced and expatiated.
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Boydell, Katherine M., and John N. Trainor. "Improving the Income Support of the Chronically Mentally Ill: A Model Program to Address the Needs of the Ex-Psychiatric Patient." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 33, no. 1 (February 1988): 3–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674378803300102.
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Interest in developing support services for the long-term mentally ill has increased in recent years. One of the most important aspects of support essential to the basic community survival of the chronic patient is income maintenance. Unfortunately, support in this area has been declining for this population. The purpose of this paper is to briefly outline the decline in the overall well-being of patients who rely on social assistance, describe a model income maintenance program established in a provincial psychiatric hospital, and, to evaluate the program's success in alleviating the financial problems of the long-term mentally ill. The income maintenance program described has proven to be a successful method of improving the economic situation of the long-term mentally ill. In its first 30 months of operation, the income status of over 3,000 patients has been systematically reviewed and 77% of those eligible have been converted to higher social assistance rates. The conversion has resulted in a 30 to 40% increase in income for the patients involved. The program has also contributed to improved relations with hospital staff and social assistance offices.
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Peterson, Brian. "Quantifying Conversion: A Note on the Colonial Census and Religious Change in Postwar Southern Mali." History in Africa 29 (2002): 381–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3172170.
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The use of colonial census data on religious conversion in historical analysis is often fraught with methodological problems. What, at first glance, might appear to have been profound structural transformations of society may in part be illusions created by changes in the census apparatus, or data collection process, itself. In this paper I will discuss how a colonial census was conducted and how local rural peoples were active agents in enumerating their own (official) religious identities. Thus, how did changes in this central tool of bureaucratic knowledge and power distort history? As an overarching critique, I suggest that the problem of the census as an exercise of colonial bureaucratic power in Africa has hardly elicited comment. Thus I suggest that the census may be a potentially fruitful avenue of historical inquiry in examining in closer detail the primary “enumerative modality” of colonial forms of knowledge.I will present examples from the history of French colonial southern Mali during the postwar period in arguing that the colonial census was a complex social and political process that must be ‘deconstructed’ if we are to make critical use of such state-generated numbers. Southern Mali occupied what was believed, in the French imagination, to be an active frontier of Islamization, separating the “Muslim” Sahel (and Sahara) from the “fetishist” forest regions to the south. This religious frontier status elicited mixed views. As Jean-Loup Amselle has argued, colonial officials in southern Mali adopted a highly ambiguous stance toward Islam, “going from one extreme to another, sometimes seeing Islam everywhere, sometimes nowhere.”
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Pawson, Ray, Geoff Wong, and Lesley Owen. "Known Knowns, Known Unknowns, Unknown Unknowns." American Journal of Evaluation 32, no. 4 (April 6, 2011): 518–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1098214011403831.
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The authors present a case study examining the potential for policies to be “evidence-based.” To what extent is it possible to say that a decision to implement a complex social intervention is warranted on the basis of available empirical data? The case chosen is whether there is sufficient evidence to justify banning smoking in cars carrying children. The numerous assumptions underpinning such legislation are elicited, the weight and validity of evidence for each is appraised, and a mixed picture emerges. Certain propositions seem well supported; others are not yet proven and possibly unknowable. The authors argue that this is the standard predicament of evidence-based policy. Evidence does not come in finite chunks offering certainty and security to policy decisions. Rather, evidence-based policy is an accumulative process in which the data pursue but never quite capture unfolding policy problems. The whole point is the steady conversion of “unknowns” to “knowns.”
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Khoir, Anan Bahrul. "LGBT, Muslim, and Heterosexism: The Experiences of Muslim Gay in Indonesia." Wawasan: Jurnal Ilmiah Agama dan Sosial Budaya 5, no. 1 (June 30, 2020): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.15575/jw.v5i1.8067.
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Muslim gay and bisexual men have been facing various challenges when living in a homophobic and heterosexist society in Indonesia. However, the study of strategies they utilised to manage those homophobic attitudes, such as discrimination, prejudice, and stigma, of their sexual minority status is limited. Therefore, drawing on minority stress theory, this study explores the life experiences of Muslim gay or bisexual men in Indonesia, by focusing on the problems they faced and the strategies they used to address those issues. All participants aged between 20 and 27 years old, have self-identified as gay or bisexual men, Muslims or ex-Muslims, and have been living in Indonesia. The primary data collection was a semi-structured qualitative interview. The data were recorded and transcribed verbatim according to the research questions from a snowball sample of seven participants. The data were then analysed using thematic analysis. The study revealed that all the participants experienced sexual and religious related problems because of living in a homophobic society. These obstacles came in many forms, such as rejection, feelings of isolation and loneliness, and concerns. However, they employed strategies to solve problems, such as self-acceptance, self-control, positive reinterpretation, seeking social support, concealing, conversion, and migration. This study recommends those who support sexual minorities to help and support them in various ways, such as providing psychological services and counsellings.
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Shi, Yan, and Si Qin Chang. "Research on Design and Testing of a Novel Power Source for Hybrid Vehicles." Applied Mechanics and Materials 29-32 (August 2010): 2285–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.29-32.2285.
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In auto industry extensive use of traditional IC engines and fossil fuel as power source has lead to serious environmental problems and social issues. Development of hybrid vehicles is a hopeful technology to solve above problems. As a vital part of IC engine-electric hybrid vehicles, power source should generate electricity efficiently. Supported by National High-tech R&D Program (863 Program) a novel Internal Combustion Linear-Generator Integrated Power System (ICLG) is researched in this paper. ICLG mainly consists of four-stroke free-piston engine, linear motor, reversible electrical energy storage device, and control unit and has the potential to convert the chemical energy of fuel to electrical energy efficiently. Achievements for improving efficiency, such as minimizing the energy transmission and conversion link, movement control of piston by adjusting electromagnetic force, optimization of thermodynamic cycle, and sub-cylinder or sub-cylinders mode, are analyzed and validated by testing. Testing results show that the generating efficiency is about 32%, which can be improved by further study. ICLG is hopeful to be the new generation power source of hybrid vehicles which has the character of power saving and environmental protecting.
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Tsareva, Natalia A., and Tatyana A. Kolpakova. "Modern methods of implementing recruitment." Laplage em Revista 6, Extra-B (December 24, 2020): 261–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.24115/s2446-622020206extra-b669p.261-266.
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Active recruiting is built as a recruitment strategy using computer technology in HR management. The electronic recruiting system improves the quality of interaction between candidates and company managers. Web sites, social networks, and messengers allow building communication with a potential employee on-line. The choice of recruiting methods should be as relevant as possible and formed according to the results of the analysis of the selection funnel. Based on the conversion of the selection stages in the funnel, one can calculate how many candidates are needed to close the vacancy and identify the selection problems. Optimization of the recruitment and selection process using modern methods and tools will allow the company to attract the most qualified and efficient employees. A well-developed staff recruitment system will increase the personnel potential and achieve the strategic goals of the company.
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Mirzaei, Karamreza. "Evaluation of Physical, Spatial and Demographic Expansions in Ilam City from 1956 to 2016." Journal of Geoinformatics & Environmental Research 2, no. 2 (September 22, 2021): 78–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.38094/jgier2231.
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The physical and spatial expansion of cities, which often taken place without planning, caused numerous environmental, health, economic and social problems. This study investigates the physical, spatial, and demographic development and expansion of Ilam city in Iran for over 60 years. To achieve these goals, library studies, data analysis, and field studies were applied. The process of development in Ilam and its demographic changes from 1956 to 2016 has been presented, and then, the spatial-physical expansion of the city is evaluated. The results showed that several factors had impacted the physical development and expansion of Ilam. The highest growth was observed between 1976 and 1986. Also, the development of the city has been more horizontal. The study results show the correlation, intensity, extension, and mechanism of conversion and land-use change in Ilam city and embody its spatial-physical expansion.
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Marhamah, Iyam, Yaya Yaya, and Asep Sodiqin. "Sistem Dakwah Pondok Pesantren At-Tawazun dalam Mengatasi Problematika Santri." Tadbir: Jurnal Manajemen Dakwah 2, no. 4 (December 31, 2017): 329–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.15575/tadbir.v2i4.571.
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Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan sistem dakwah Pondok Pesantren At-Tawazun ditinjau melalui sistem terbuka mulai dari tahap input, conversion, output, feedback, hingga environment dalam upaya mengatasi problematika santri yang dipengaruhi oleh perkembangan zaman. Penelitian yang dilakukan ini menggunakan metode studi kasus dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan spesifikasi penelitian field research (penelitian lapangan). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa keberadaan pondok pesantren At-Tawazun dirasakan cukup besar manfaatnya oleh orang tua maupun masyarakat. Lembaga dakwah dan pendidikan ini telah ikut berkontribusi dalam menanggulangi masalah sosial dan kenakalan remaja yang semakin rumit, sehingga mampu memberikan lulusan santri yang brakhlak, berbudi luhur dan mampu mengamalkan ilmunya di masyarakat. Lebih dari itu, kehadiran pondok pesantren At-Tawazun diharapkan dapat mengatasi akulturasi budaya yang menyimpang di era sekarang ini. Sehingga semangat generasi muda kita dapat disalurkan terhadak hal-hal positif, untuk kemajuan Agama dan Negara.
This paper aims to describe the da’wah system of At-Tawazun Islamic Boarding School through an open system starting from the input, conversion, output, feedback, and environment stages in an effort to overcome the problems of santri that are influenced by the times. This research uses case study method with qualitative approach and field research specification (field research). The results of this study indicate that the existence of the At-Tawazun Islamic Boarding Scool was felt to be of considerable benefit by parent and community. This da’wah and education institution has contributed to tackling social problems and juvenile delinquency that are increasingly complicated, so as to be able to provide graduates who are morally, virtous and able to practice their knowledge in the community, moreover, the presence of the At-Tawazun Islamic Boarding School is expected to overcome the deviant cultural acculturation in the present era. So that the spirit of our young generation can be channeled suddenly to positive things, for the advancement of Religion and the state.
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Maryamah, Iyam. "Sistem Dakwah Pondok Pesantren At-Tawazun dalam Mengatasi Problematika Santri." Anida (Aktualisasi Nuansa Ilmu Dakwah) 17, no. 2 (June 26, 2019): 147–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.15575/anida.v17i2.5059.
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This paper aims to describe the da’wah system of At-Tawazun Islamic Boarding School through an open system starting from the input, conversion, output, feedback, and environment stages in an effort to overcome the problems of santri that are influenced by the times. This research uses case study method with qualitative approach and field research specification (field research). The results of this study indicate that the existence of the At-Tawazun Islamic Boarding Scool was felt to be of considerable benefit by parent and community. This da’wah and education institution has contributed to tackling social problems and juvenile delinquency that are increasingly complicated, so as to be able to provide graduates who are morally, virtous and able to practice their knowledge in the community, moreover, the presence of the At-Tawazun Islamic Boarding School is expected to overcome the deviant cultural acculturation in the present era. So that the spirit of our young generation can be channeled suddenly to positive things, for the advancement of Religion and the state.Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan sistem dakwah Pondok Pesantren At-Tawazun ditinjau melalui sistem terbuka mulai dari tahap input, conversion, output, feedback, hingga environmentdalam upaya mengatasi problematika santri yang dipengaruhi oleh perkembangan zaman. Penelitian yang dilakukan ini menggunakan metode studi kasus dengan pendekatan kualitatifdan spesifikasi penelitian field research (penelitian lapangan). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa keberadaan pondok pesantren At-Tawazun dirasakan cukup besar manfaatnya oleh orang tua maupun masyarakat. Lembaga dakwah dan pendidikan ini telah ikut berkontribusi dalam menanggulangi masalah sosial dan kenakalan remaja yang semakin rumit, sehingga mampu memberikan lulusan santri yang brakhlak, berbudi luhur dan mampu mengamalkan ilmunya di masyarakat. Lebih dari itu, kehadiran pondok pesantren At-Tawazun diharapkan dapat mengatasi akulturasi budaya yang menyimpang di era sekarang ini. Sehingga semangat generasi muda kita dapat disalurkan terhadak hal-hal positif, untuk kemajuan Agama dan Negara.
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Adanu, Kwami. "Institutional change and economic development: a conceptual analysis of the African case." International Journal of Social Economics 44, no. 4 (April 10, 2017): 547–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-02-2014-0022.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explain the African socio-economic development and policy design problems using the new institutional economics methodology. The paper emphasizes the importance of carefully considering the policy environment setting before changing the rules of the society (institutional change) and making policy choices. Design/methodology/approach A conceptual approach is used to explain why major economic development policies fail in Africa and the developing world as a whole. To illustrate policy-environment-dependent institutional and policy change decision making, examples of potential institutional and policy changes are examined for Ghana’s financial, retail, and land resource sectors. Findings It is argued that the concept of institutional efficiency must be looked at quite differently from the Pareto-optimal concept in the neoclassical economic theory. This is because institutional analysis leans more toward normative rather than positive economics. The paper explains the counterintuitive findings that although the African business environment is low on trust due to high ethnic diversity, African business depends more on trust than contracts –weak enforcement of institutions accounts for such twists. Potential institutional changes that can help address specific socio-economic developmental challenges are suggested based on the characteristics of the African business environment. Research limitations/implications The paper lays bare several research hypotheses that can now be tested using the available data. These include hypotheses that strong economic growth precedes growth in the stock market activity (not the other way round); an asymmetric Tobin tax that taxes conversion into foreign currencies more than conversion into local currency reverses local currency depreciation; and for import-dependent countries, strengthening the local currency provides a positive shock to local production and budget balance. Originality/value The paper illustrates the pitfalls associated with blanket application of theoretical frameworks without proper contextualization. A promising way out for weak African economies is to adapt the theoretical economic predictions to local environments and help refine general economic theory through their experiences.
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Chimphango, Annie F. A., and Johann F. Görgens. "Postharvest technology for advancing sustainable bioenergy production for food processing." British Food Journal 117, no. 12 (December 7, 2015): 2850–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bfj-07-2014-0259.
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Purpose – Agricultural food residues (agro-residues) receive low economic returns and experience disposal problems. The food production and processing is often not configured to supply agro-residues for production of bioenergy needed in food processing. The feasibility of utilising agro-residues through advances in postharvest technology for sustainable bioenergy conversion is reviewed. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach – Agro-residues from maize, sugarcane and potatoes in five African countries were assessed from secondary data to identify suitable conversion technologies, energy products and configurations of bioenergy plants for applications in postharvest food processing. Findings – Strategic alignment of postharvest technology to bioenergy production systems is vital to advancing both food production and bioenergy that benefit rural communities in Africa. High economic returns are possible when the bioenergy plants are either annexure to existing agro-processing operations or operate as a biorefinery. Research limitations/implications – Assessment of energy self-sufficiency of food production and processing systems is required. Practical implications – Agro-residues for bioenergy production require investments in infrastructure for storage, transportation and processing of the residues, and development of new risk management techniques. Social implications – The rural communities will be energy secure resulting in food security through reduced postharvest losses and increased agricultural productivity. Originality/value – The study stimulates innovative thinking in establishing sustainable bioenergy systems for food processes.
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König, Stefan, and Steffen Greve. "On the Problems of Honorary Work in German Sports Clubs–A Qualitative-Dominated Crossover Mixed Methods Study." International Journal of Multiple Research Approaches 12, no. 3 (December 31, 2020): 335–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.29034/ijmra.v12n3a4.
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In crossover mixed analyses, one form of data is analyzed applying techniques that usually are associated with the alternative paradigm in order to yield a higher level of data integration. This basic principle is implemented in equal-status studies and in quantitative- as well as in qualitative-dominated approaches. Focusing on the latter, data conversion has been a vital issue of mixed methods research for many years, likely because it entails quantitizing narrative data to provide a basis for descriptive and inferential statistical analyses. Referring hereon, this article presents a qualitative-dominated crossover mixed methods study dealing with the problem of honorary work in German sports clubs, an issue that has been intensively discussed in sports and in other areas of society due to some alarming developments in social life. In this process, the issue of honorary work is utilized as an example of demonstrating a methodology. The design presented in this article involved use of a crossover analysis that converts narrative data into numerical data and involves analysis of the new data set using multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) with the aim of discovering patterns among the multidimensional data. In turn, these patterns are interpreted against the background of the first qualitative strand to enhance our understanding. Thus, this study is to be referred to as qualitative-dominated because the sets of qualitative analyses are more comprehensive and important and the researchers have taken a stance that is constructivist, while concurrently believing that quantitative data adds value to this approach.
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Josipović, Tatjana. "Kroatische Verbraucher vs. Kredite in CHF – ein Drama in fünf Akten ohne Schlussakt." osteuropa recht 66, no. 1 (2020): 4–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/0030-6444-2020-1-4.
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The difficult financial and social position of Croatian consumers with CHF loans was a trigger for various reactions and measures by the Croatian legislator and Government, as well as consumers themselves. An array of legislative and administrative measures was passed to alleviate the financial and social position of consumers with CHF loans. Various legislative measures were also passed that were intended to alleviate the position of consumers in foreclosures on residential real property. Finally, consumers have started to initiate, without waiting for the legislator to pass legislation, proceedings in order to protect individual and collective interests of consumers with CHF loans. This article depicts the development of case law with respect to the protection of collective interests of consumers with CHF loans. It analyses the mutual influences between case law and ad hoc consumer protection legislation (e.g. a conversion of CHF loans into EUR loans). It comments on the opinions of courts related to the criteria for evaluating the unfairness of foreign currency clauses and the provisions on variable interest rates in the context of protecting collective consumer interests. It points to problems, within the context of collective consumer protection, stemming from legislative loopholes in the relationship between collective and individual consumer protection, and legislative loopholes in particular ad hoc measures for protecting consumers via converting CHF loans into EUR loans. The paper should warn of problems arising in subsequent coordination of various measures taken in order to protect the interest of consumers with the development of case law in that area.
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Clément, Fabrice. "The Pleasure of Believing: Toward a naturalistic explanation of religious conversions." Journal of Cognition and Culture 3, no. 1 (2003): 69–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853703321598581.
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AbstractFrom a cognitive point of view, the adhesion to religious beliefs, especially those involving adult subjects, are quite mysterious. Religious representations entail paradoxical claims that should imply skepticism or cautious doubts in any rational mind. Nevertheless, it is not rare that they prompt an act of total commitment from the converts. The aim of this paper is to propose a naturalist explanation of the conversion phenomenon. The argument relies on the postulated existence of an emotional signal selected by evolution to motivate the child to look for the underlying structure of the world by providing a strong positive feeling when a solution is found. By the use of different examples of historical conversions, the author shows how this emotional mechanism can be triggered in the presence of religious representations, causing in the subjects the feeling that they have discovered a good solution to problems they were confronted with.