Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Residential construction design'
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Dentz, Jordan Lewis. "The design of a panelized roof system for residential construction." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/65673.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1991.Includes bibliographical references (p. 158-163).
The cost of housing in the U.S. continues to rise faster than household income. Innovative building materials and construction technologies have the potential to reduce housing construction costs. One strategy to do this is componentization. There is a longstanding trend towards the increased use of components in U.S. residential construction. One such type of component is the composite building panel, used for walls, roofs and floors. Presently the types of composite panels used in residential construction include pre-framed walls of standard construction and, more innovatively, structural foam core panels with wood or wood composite faces. This thesis focuses on the design of a panelized roofing system for residential construction. The roof was chosen for various reasons. It includes some of the most complicated geometrical and structural challenges. It is often the most difficult area of the house to frame conventionally. Its construction is a crucial step in getting the house weather tight. For these reasons and others builders have identified it as a prime target for innovation. The design of the panelized roof system is illustrated as a tree of decisions. The path traveled down this tree led to a ribbed panel spanning from eave to ridge. A design selection method developed by Stuart Pugh was used to design the connection details of the system. The interdisciplinary design process used to design the roof system is examined and evaluated in light of the results it yielded. Mock-ups, models and a full scale proof-of-concept structure were built. These constructions were used as learning tools during design and to demonstrate and evaluate the performance of the roof system design.
by Jordan Lewis Dentz.
M.S.
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Aguero, Patrick I. R. "Concrete tilt-up in residential construction: innovative energy efficient design." Thesis, Aguero, Patrick I.R. (1995) Concrete tilt-up in residential construction: innovative energy efficient design. Masters by Research thesis, Murdoch University, 1995. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/38169/.
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Tilt-up construction features the use of factory or site cast (not precast) reinforced concrete panels that are tilted about one edge and/or lifted into position to form the walls of a building. This method of construction benefits the builder by offering time and cost savings. It is also attractive to architects because of the variety of surface finishes and panel shapes that can be achieved. Due to this versatility, Tilt-up construction has evolved from its beginnings in factory buildings to sophisticated commercial and multi-unit residential construction.
With the continuing growth in Tilt-up construction, there is a need to assess the potential benefits to the home owner of an energy efficient design using the thermal mass properties of concrete Tilt-up panels. Tilt-up will reach its full potential as an energy efficient form of construction when the short term cost savings to the builder are combined with the long term energy savings to the home owner.
The objective of this work is to undertake an innovative energy efficient design of a residential Tiltup building in the form of a fully detached single storey house. The project will assess the benefits and the problems of combining residential Tilt-up construction with energy efficient design principles by comparing the results to a conventional design approach.
Specific objectives include:
• Identification of design elements of energy efficient design and tilt-up construction,
• Development of performance indicators to optimise the design and assess the relative benefits and costs of combining energy efficient design and tilt-up construction,
• Selection of a proven energy efficient house based on a conventional design approach,
• Design of an appropriate Tilt-up construction method for the selected energy efficient house, and
• Optimisation of the design by the application of performance indicators to the design elements.
In the first instance, it is necessary to determine an appropriate design strategy that will meet the above objectives. The work involves the design of a fully detached single storey house in Perth, Western Australia. Therefore, the design strategy must be relevant to Perth's climatic, social, political and economic conditions. In this light, an Australian rather than an overseas based approach, provides the most appropriate starting point for the research and design task. Developments overseas are assessed with respect to specific design tools and options that may enhance the flexibility, results and applicability of the adopted design approach.
Section 2 develops the design strategy for an energy efficient design of a fully detached single storey house incorporating Tilt-up construction. Design strategies in use in Australia that achieve the separate objectives of energy efficient design and Tilt-up construction are identified and specific design. tools and options are assessed. In particular, strengths, weaknesses, limitations and assumptions of available strategies are discussed with respect to the above objectives. A design strategy combining the objectives of energy efficient design and Tilt-up construction is developed together with a consolidated list of common and exclusive design elements. In addition, a multi-objective assessment criteria in the form of performance indicators is introduced to optimise and assess the design.
Once the design strategy is developed, it is then necessary to determine how each design element is judged by the assessment criteria. Section 3 develops the assessment framework by assigning, where appropriate, quantitative or qualitative measures to the performance indicators. This establishes the mechanism by which each design element is addressed in terms of the performance indicators. Factors that conflict with, or complement other performance indicators are identified and where possible, quantified. Where required, trade-offs are assessed and adopted. In this way the design task is optimised and assessed in an iterative process to meet the assessment criteria.
Section 4 details the design of the Tilt-up house, including optimisation of design elements to meet
performance indicators. The selection criteria for a proven energy efficient design to form the base case design is outlined. In addition, the results of the conversion from conventional to Tilt-up construction are discussed and guiding strategies that provide opportunities for further optimisation are identified. Finally, the results of applying appropriate guiding strategies to further optimise the base case design are detailed. It is important to note that due to professional liability limitations on the author, only a preliminary structural design is attempted in this work. If the house is to be constructed, then this will require a detailed structural design that will be the responsibility of an independent professionally certified structural engineer.
Section 5 summarises the results of optimising the design and discusses the extent to which each performance indicator has been met. Specifically, the benefits and costs of combining energy efficient design with Tilt-up construction are assessed.
Section 6 draws a number of conclusions and makes recommendations for the application of the results and for further work based on the results discussed in Section 5.
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Langley, Tyler. "Transportation Energy Analysis for Single-Family Residential Construction in California." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2010. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/409.
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Transportation Energy Analysis for Single-Family Residential Construction in California
Tyler Langley
Since the oil crisis of 1973, energy use in the United States of America has been a growing area of concern. Studies have shown that the construction industry is responsible for almost half of all annual energy consumption. With this awareness, the analysis of energy use within the related construction fields has become an emergent subject. One facet of construction energy use that has been less studied than others is that of the energy consumed in transporting building materials from manufacturing plants to construction sites. This thesis proposes a methodology for determining the energy consumed during the transportation of building materials to a construction site and applies this methodology to estimate the transportation component of the total energy consumed in the lifecycle of a residential building in California. Comparisons are then drawn among the embodied energy of the materials used in the construction of the building, the energy used to transport the materials and the products used in the on-site assembly of the building, and the energy consumed during the occupancy of the building.
The first chapter covers the intent of the thesis, as well as a categorization and explanation of the main areas of energy usage in the construction industry. This is followed by a delineation of the methodology used to research transportation energy. Chapter 2 details the development of the framework that is discussed in Chapter 1. This includes the unique problem areas of calculating transportation energy, the resulting parameters that focus the area of study, and the general assumptions derived from those parameters. Chapter 3 is a case study of a single-family two-story house in northern California. First, the considerations and reasons for the choice are defined, establishing this as a representative residence for the area. The material choices and structural system choices are also discussed. Then, the framework introduced in Chapter 2 is applied in the case study. This introduces more case-specific problems in the types of calculations used for estimating transportation energy. Chapter 4 contains a summary of the findings as well as a reflection on the process followed by suggestions for future research and application for the subject of transportation energy usage. In this summary, it is shown that the energy used in transportation of materials to the site of the case study house amounts to 10.5 million Btu, which is roughly 2.5% of the embodied energy, and 21% of the occupational energy usage per year.
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Williamson, John Allen. "Tectonic detailing in residential housing." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/24120.
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Redstone, Victoria. "Design analysis of the American residential garage, 1900-1940." Virtual Press, 2003. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1260632.
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Research on the American residential garage from 1900 to 1940 has demonstrated that the following factors impacted garage design: the practical demands of the automobile, architectural styles, placement on a lot, and the socio-economic status of the garage builder. The shape and function of garages were dictated by the maintenance requirements of automobiles and the fire hazards associated with early cars. Architectural styles affected garage design by influencing the materials, roof shapes, and door designs of a given garage. These effects were more evident in garages designed to match an individual house. Catalog garages were shaped by current architectural styles, but these garages were simpler in order to be compatible with a wide range of house styles. Garage placement affected several aspects of garage design including amenities such as electricity and plumbing. Placement was also determined by external factors such as lot size and local zoning regulations. The socio-economic status of a homeowner molded a garage's appearance significantly. Economic considerations impacted garage design by resulting in anything from a simple wooden box with a roof to a two-story brick garage with an apartment.Department of Architecture
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Underwood, Catherine Richardson. "Permanent Bracing Design for MPC Wood Roof Truss Webs and Chords." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31581.
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The objectives of this research were to determine the required net lateral restraining force to brace j-webs or j-chords braced by one or more continuous lateral braces (CLB's), and to develop a methodology for permanent bracing design using a combination of lateral and diagonal braces.
SAP2000 (CSI, 1995), a finite element analysis program, was used to analyze structural analogs for three sets of truss chords braced by n-CLB's and one or two diagonals, one web braced by one and two CLB's, and j-truss chords braced by n-CLB's.
System analogs used to model five eight-foot truss chords braced by three CLB's and one diagonal, six twenty-foot truss chords braced by nine CLB's and two diagonals, and eleven twenty-foot truss chords braced by nine CLB's and two diagonals were analyzed. For each of the three cases analyzed, the chord lumber was assumed to be 2x4 No. 2 Southern Pine (S. Pine) braced by 2x4 STUD Spruce-Pine-Fir (SPF). Chord load levels of 10% to 50% of the allowable compression load parallel-to-grain assuming le/d of 16 were studied. All wood-to-wood brace connections were assumed to be made with 2-16d Common nails. A nonlinear load-displacement function was used to model the behavior of the nail connections.
Single member analogs were analyzed that represented web members varying in length from four-feet to twelve-feet braced by one and two CLB's. The web and CLB's were assumed to be 2x4 STUD SPF. The web members were also analyzed assuming 2x6 STUD SPF.
Single member analogs were analyzed that represented chord members varying in length from four-feet to forty-feet braced by n-CLB's spaced twenty-four inches on-center. The truss chord was assumed to be No. 2 Southern Pine and the CLB's were assumed to be STUD SPF. The chord size was varied from 2x4 to 2x12 and connections were assumed to consist of 2-16d Common nails. The system analog analysis results were compared to the single member chord analysis results based on the number of truss chords and the diagonal brace configuration.
For the three cases studied involving multiple 2x4 chords braced as a unit (and believed to be representative of typical truss construction), the bracing force from the single member analog analysis was a conservative estimate for bracing design purposes. It was concluded that the single member analysis analog yields approximate bracing forces for chords larger than 2x4 and for typical constructions beyond the three cases studied in this research.
For analysis and design purposes, a ratio R was defined as the net lateral restraining force per web or chord divided by the axial compressive load in the web or chord. For both 2x4 and 2x6 webs braced with one CLB, the R-value was 2.3% for all web lengths studied. For both 2x4 and 2x6 webs braced with two CLB's, the R-value was 2.8% for all web lengths studied. The web and CLB lumber species did not affect the R-values for the braced webs.
Calculated R-values for truss chords, 2x4 up to 2x12, braced by n-CLB's assumed to be spaced two feet on-center for chords four to twelve feet in length ranged from 2.2% to 3.0%, respectively. For chords from sixteen to forty feet in length, R ranged from 3.1% to 2.6%, respectively. The lumber species and grade assumed for the chord and CLB did not affect the R-values for the truss chords.
Step-by-step design procedure was developed for determining the net lateral restraining force required for bracing j-chords based on the results of the single member analogs studied. The required total lateral restraining force for j-compression members in a row can be calculated based on the R-value for or the number of CLB's installed at 2 feet on-center, the design axial compression load in the chord, and number of trusses to be braced.Master of Science
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Sang, Xiaoxia, and 桑曉夏. "Informing energy-efficient envelope design decisions for residential buildings in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/206451.
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Space conditioning and lighting together account for about a third of end-use energy consumption in residential buildings in Hong Kong. Previous research shows that such energy consumption can be significantly reduced by employing energy-efficient building envelope design. However, despite that fact, the envelopes of many residential buildings in Hong Kong are designed in ways that impair building energy performance. For example, most residential buildings in Hong Kong have single-glazed windows and solar-absorbing roofs, many leak airs, and some have no external wall insulation or exterior shading.
There are many energy-efficient envelope (EEE) design measures that improve overall building energy efficiency, but their selection has been widely recognized as a difficult task for design decision-makers, as it requires good engineering judgment and substantial building performance data. Apart from the energy considerations in EEE design, the reasons why professionals do or do not incorporate EEE design measures voluntarily into building design have not been thoroughly investigated. The majority of previous studies have focused on evaluating design alternatives after the design decision is made, but largely overlook the issue of informing the design before the decision-making process.
The aim of this research is to inform design decision-making for selecting appropriate EEE measures for residential buildings in Hong Kong. The research included three major interrelated steps. Firstly, a comprehensive literature review was conducted of the energy-related parameters and non-energy-related factors critical to the selection of EEE design measures in the Hong Kong context. Secondly, the influential design parameters identified from the literature review were used for detailed parametric simulation and analysis. Their effects on building energy performance were evaluated, and their relationships with selected outputs were analysed. Thirdly, a survey was set up to investigate the perceptions of building professionals about EEE design decision-making criteria and factors affecting the adoption of EEE designs. Taken together, these three study components contribute to the development of a decision support framework that buttresses the effective selection of appropriate EEE design measures for low-energy residential buildings in Hong Kong. The framework shortlists the critical parameters in EEE design, highlights their effects on building energy performance, points out the drivers and barriers to adoption, and suggests strategies to expedite the adoption of those measures.
The findings should support the effective comparison and selection of EEE design measures for delivering low-energy residential buildings in Hong Kong. They should also help to achieve the targets of relevant industry and government programmes in Hong Kong for expediting the adoption of EEE design measures.published_or_final_version
Civil Engineering
Master
Master of Philosophy
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Liu, Peng. "Reestablishing identity of individual homes in high-rise residential towers." Virtual Press, 2001. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1217401.
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High-rise residential tower is an inevitable and prevalent building type in high-density areas such as China. Because of the large population such buildings accommodate, improving the quality of people's lives in these towers has significant meaning. One of the important problems in such environments is the loss of identity of individual homes. This occurs because living spaces cannot fit individual families' unique and changing physical and spiritual needs. People can identify their lives and express their individual values in their homes in only the most meager ways. Consequently, people and their communities suffer deeply for the loss of identity of individual homes.The first focus of this thesis is to bring the question of individual control into light with the issue of identity of individual homes. Identity of any built environment results from the interplay of both shared values and individual values. In an identifiable and accommodating environment, both value sets should be in balance, over time. In high-rise residential towers, individual values are hardly presented because of the lack of individual control. So the radical way to establish identity of individual homes is to enable individual control in the building process.The second focus of this thesis is a study in architectural design of the distribution of control in such high-rise environments. Two kinds of individual controls are assumed and distributed: the control of the dwelling layouts and the control of dwelling unit facades. To enable these tow configurations of parts to be subject to individual control, propositions for setting up a new balance between centrally controlled parts and individually controlled parts in high-rise residential towers are put forward.To demonstrate these propositions, a specific high-rise residential tower in Beijing is redesigned to the solution of technical problems, regulatory issues and conventions when control is distributed. Individual control of both the dwelling layouts and the facades are simulated in a methodical way.Finally, notes about supportive products and management techniques, broader developments in other types of high-rise buildings, and the cultivation of shared values out of individual values are offered.Department of Architecture
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潘亮 and Liang Pan. "Urban street as public space: alternative design of large residential areas to encompass new urban streets casestudies related to Shenzhen, PRC." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31980478.
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Spencer, John Darnell. "Lessons learned in the use of Design/Information Technology in the non-residential construction industry." Thesis, Springfield, Va. : Available from National Technical Information Service, 1999. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA372208.
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Li, Jing Qiang. "Designing constraints for capacity analysis of residential floor areas." Virtual Press, 2004. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1292545.
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This thesis focuses on the development of design constraints for use in analyzing the capacity of the residential units' floor areas in Open Building projects. Two cases are used to demonstrate the use of these constraints: a vacant office building (Kales Building) being converted to residential occupancy; a new multi-story building the lower floors of which are hotel rooms and the upper floors are residential condominium units.The thesis suggests that these constraints and the capacity analysis of residential floor areas associated with them can assist design teams, at the beginning of similar projects; provide important "added value" to clients, and contribute to the long term "sustainability" or adaptability of buildings.The first part of the thesis addresses the question of how to design a residential base building which can accommodate an optimal number and variety of fit-out unit layouts. The answer to the question links to the need for design constraints and points to their use in capacity analysis.The second part of the thesis focuses on the deduction of "constraint-designing" for Open Building residential layout. Plumbing systems, which are one of the most significant barriers to the application of Open Building, are specifically and more deeply studied in this part. A series of constraints are developed, which can generally assist in designing and analyzing floor plate capacity. . It is akin to learning to know the rules before starting a game.The third part of the thesis focuses on the demonstration of the uses of constraints in the design process of the conversion of an abandoned office building to residential uses.The last part of the thesis demonstrates the use of constraints and capacity analysis in a new multi-story condo project.In short, the paper is initially concerned with both the design concept and its application into detail levels in one of the many issues. It is a study of methods and technical rules of designing floor plan layouts when capacity analysis is the aim.Department of Architecture
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Akkan, Aytac. "Investigation Of Constructional Design Efficiency Of Residential Buildings Made With Autoclaved Aerated Concrete." Master's thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12605160/index.pdf.
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The aim of this study was to investigate the quantifiable planimetric design
efficiency of residential buildings designed to be built with “
Autoclaved Æ
rated Concrete&
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(AAC) panels. Focus was on the effects of plan shape, plan size and layout organization and the modularity of vertical AAC wall panels on the planimetric design efficiency of residential buildings. To this end, relevant analyses were conducted on 30 residential building projects obtained from the design office of an AAC panel manufacturing firm in Tü
rkiye, AKG Gazbeton. The lengths, widths and areas of building elements (quantitative data) were then calculated from the production drawings of these building. A total of fifteen ratios, which were considered relevant to the study as indicators of design efficiency, were computed by using this quantitative data. This was followed by the construction of frequency distribution tables and histograms showing the variations of the computed ratios. At the final phase, Analyses of Variance (ANOVA) were conducted to determine the source of variation and Chi-Square tests conducted to determine whether or not the distributions could be considered &
#145
normal&
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. According to the results of the study, it was found that plan shape and plan size of building projects together with their layout organizations, were the main influential factors on the efficiency of their wall and floor areas. It was also found that the modularity of vertical wall panels used in these buildings was another important factor to be considered in planimetric design efficiency.
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Huang, Huasheng, and 黃華生. "The effects of building regulations control on the design of private residential buildings." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31244944.
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Dettbarn, Dorothee. "Linking the design of facilities, recycling, and curriculum : applying a design method inspired by experiences in Latin America and South Asia to a BSU residential hall renovation." Virtual Press, 2003. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1266028.
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In this thesis, an environmentally sound and human scale set of design principles, which values ideas like environmental friendliness, human comfort and locality, is formulated, examined and justified. These principles are inspired by experiences in Latin America and South Asia and their universal significance is illustrated through case studies from several countries around the world.In the design project, these principles are applied in a local setting, in this case a residential hall on the Ball State University campus in Muncie, Indiana. The design embraces a ‘green’ approach to campus facility renovation as part of the holistic movement to make the campus more sustainable.The design focus will be on the reuse and revitalization of materials thrown away on campus. Projects in which economic limitations enhance this specific creativity serve as role models. Through the reuse of material, the renovation process of campus facilities can be linked to the recycling program and the curriculum of the university.Department of Architecture
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Bothma, Johan. "Landscape and architectural devices for energy-efficient South African suburban residential design." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/22852.
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The study relates international knowledge of climatically responsive and energy-efficient design to work done in South Africa. It also explores the relevance of design devices from international regions to the climates of this country. The research approach explores existing analyses of the main climate regions and the effects of climate factors on human comfort in each, in order to derive appropriate design solutions for the climate of South Africa. In South Africa obstacles exist in the face of energy efficiency. The cheapness of electricity to the consumer and the virtual non-existence of appropriate legislation appear to be two of the most significant obstacles. Design and subsequent construction of suburban residences is carried out with little regard for climatic context. Water is shown to be a particularly scarce and unevenly distributed commodity, which the affluent have greater access to and consume in greater quantities. However, it is demonstrated that the South African climate is virtually ideal for several climate-responsive energy-efficiency techniques. Especially due to the high solar radiation levels there is potential for various active and passive solar design techniques and technologies. The impact of atmospheric temperature and humidity, wind, radiation and precipitation on human comfort is investigated. Humidity and wind are demonstrated to be very influential on human comfort, whereas radiation and wind are the most easily manipulated through design. Furthermore, the specific topography and location of a site can influence the microclimate and solar access of an area to a significant degree. The South African climate is predominantly either hot semi-arid or temperate. Most of the western interior is hot arid whereas the eastern interior and highveld is predominantly temperate, with temperatures increasing to the north and decreasing to the south. The only cool region of the country is found in the highlands of the Drakensberg, with a significant portion of the eastern coast being hot humid. Methodologies and guidelines for both layout, or macro design, and detailed design of residential suburbs are explored. The manipulation of solar radiation, sunlight and wind, as well as the management of rainwater and used household water is explored. It is shown that designing suburbs to create access to solar radiation forms the basis of solar design, with solar access control, material and surface treatment largely determining the success of individual designs. Wind manipulation is achieved mainly through planting design, influencing mostly heat loss and gain ratios into buildings. Effective household water management can substantially reduce its consumption. Further research is needed in all aspects of climate-responsive design, especially classification of the South African climate and development of design techniques adapted to this context.Dissertation (M (Landscape Architecture))--University of Pretoria, 2006.
Architecture
unrestricted
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Tong, Yee-hang Arthur, and 唐以恆. "Planning for better quality of life for high rise residential development in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31261152.
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McGlohn, Emily, and Emily McGlohn. "A Comparative Study of Climate Based Design of Building Enclosures." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/12348.
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This thesis attempts to determine if misconception about vapor retarders and air barrier systems affects building enclosure design and construction. Literature on this subject is continually evolving and often contradictory, supporting confusion. A survey of designers and builders representing four climate zones within the United States was done. Respondents disclosed where they learned about building enclosures and shared how clear or confusing they think the resources are on this subject and also weighed in on a few basic principles about enclosure design. Results show that most building professionals learn about enclosures through experience or a colleague. The internet is the first written resource they use when questions arise. The most significant misconceptions identified are that in some cases vapor retarder placement does not follow accepted building science or code requirements and that a portion of respondents only consider the air barrier system the vertical surfaces of an enclosure.
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Schirén, Whokko, and Trixie Swahn. "Vibrations in residential timber floors : A comparison between the current and the revised Eurocode 5." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för byggteknik (BY), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-89293.
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The European standard Eurocode 5, a design method for timber structures,is currently under revision. In this study the draft for a reviseddesign method for vibrations in timber floors was compared to the currentmethod. The hypothesis of the thesis was that the revised designmethod might force some changes to the present construction practiceand that these changes may carry with them increased costs for the industry.Six common floor structures used in Sweden today were identifiedand for these floors design calculations were made according to the currentand the revised design method. It was checked whether the floorspassed the criteria in the two design methods and a comparison was madefor the only criterion which could be compared between the methods, thepoint load deflection. Floor structures could pass or fail the current designmethod based on two criteria, the point load deflection and the unitimpulse velocity response. All floors passed the current design methodexcept one which had a fundamental frequency below 8 Hz, because ofthe low frequency the current design method was not applicable to thefloor structure. In the revised design method the final result is a responsefactor and based on the response factor floors are given floor performancelevels. The seven step scale for the floor performance level go from I toVII where I is excellent and VII is unacceptable. All floor structures excepttwo achieved an acceptable floor performance level according to therevised design method. The two floors which failed were floors commonlyused in single family houses, they failed for a span length commonly usedtoday. A limited parametric study was performed where it was found thatthe modal mass used had a larger impact on the floor performance levelthan the mass per square meter included. For floors with a fundamentalfrequency above 8 Hz, including a higher mass per square meter resultedin a lower, i.e. better, response factor in all cases except one. For floorswith a fundamental frequency between 4.5 and 8 Hz, a higher mass resultedin a higher, i.e. worse, response factor. The study found that notall floor structures used in Sweden today are acceptable according to therevised design method therefore changes may have to be implemented andthese changes could result in an increased cost.
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Peagler, Arriyan L. "Design guidelines for incorporating landforms and sculptural elements into residential treatment centers for at-risk youth." Virtual Press, 2008. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1397794.
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A wide range of individuals, from counselors to psychiatrists, have recognized the value of residential treatment centers for at-risk youth. Many residential treatment centers foster therapeutic interventions indoors. Typically, however, there have been few initiatives taken to enhance the outdoor landscapes of these facilities. In particular, potential supplements to therapeutic practices such as landforms and sculpture have been overlooked. This creative project explores how outdoor settings can be enhanced with landforms to provide at-risk youth with alternative venues to address aggressive and antisocial behaviors. Additionally, group activities are considered that could take place in these spaces, using landforms as educational tools.The purpose of this creative project was to determine ways to utilize sculptural landforms in support of treatment plans at a residential treatment facility. The research process included interviews with employees of the Youth Opportunity Center (YOC) in Muncie, Indiana, site visits to various outdoor public spaces, and reviews of the writings of Clare Cooper Marcus and Marni Barnes. The research phase contributed to the development of a design program, and led to the development of design concepts for the YOC. These concepts are documented in master plan, elevation, and sketch form. The research and design concepts are found in the following document.Department of Landscape Architecture
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Shi, Xin, and 施歆. "A fuzzy reasoning cost estimation model of sustainable building refurbishment solutions for residential buildings in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/208599.
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The global climate has been affected adversely due to the emissions of large amount of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and there is an urgent need for emissions reduction. Carbon dioxide is a major greenhouse gas and the reduction of its emissions is indispensable to the achievement of sustainable development. The building sector is a major source of carbon dioxide emissions and one way to reduce the emissions is uplifting the energy efficiency of existing buildings by conducting sustainable building refurbishment. As cost would affect the decisions on sustainable building refurbishment strategies, it is necessary to examine the cost of various sustainable refurbishment solutions for existing buildings. Unfortunately, most of the previous studies focused on the technical side with little effort being directed to cost side. Therefore, cost analysis of sustainable building refurbishment solutions should be conducted to fill the research gap.
The aim of the research is to develop a cost estimation model to facilitate decision makers to evaluate the cost of sustainable building refurbishment solutions for residential buildings in Hong Kong by considering various factors affecting the cost. The major research methods include literature review, interview and questionnaire survey. Through literature review, the current practice of sustainable building refurbishment is investigated. A variety of refurbishment solutions including improvement on building envelope, renovation of building services system and the use of renewable energy are reviewed. Cost evaluation techniques commonly used in the construction industry including qualitative techniques, quantitative techniques and intelligent methods are also identified and discussed. Due to the limitations of cost data and previous experience, it is suggested that fuzzy logic theory be adopted to develop the cost estimation model.
To facilitate the development of the model, the factors affecting the cost of sustainable building refurbishment solutions are examined through literature review and interview. It is found that market price, complexity, efficiency, economy of scale and disturbance are the dominant factors affecting the fluctuation of cost. Finally, a fuzzy reasoning cost estimation model of sustainable building refurbishment solutions is developed. The model is built based on fuzzy reasoning system. Users can input the information of the project and the model is able to evaluate the cost fluctuation based on the information provided by the users. The model is then validated.
The cost estimation model developed in this research provides a new way for the construction industry practitioners to estimate the cost of sustainable building refurbishment projects effectively and efficiently.published_or_final_version
Civil Engineering
Master
Master of Philosophy
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Hashemi, Fesharaki M. "Energy optimisation in residential apartments through the passive design strategies by evaluating the local construction materials and designs in semi-arid climate condition of Tehran." Thesis, University of Salford, 2018. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/47079/.
Full textAbstract:
Low energy building design methods, and the corresponding environmental constraints, are widely explored in many developed countries. Tehran characterized by its semi-arid climates and geographical location in a global region is renowned for its high energy consumption and carbon emission rates. This research aims to evaluate the energy performances of low energy housing in multi residential buildings in Tehran and provide design guidance in improving their energy and thermal performances using passive design measures. The research considers the building envelope as the back bone of its energy optimisation. It takes into account the local climatic conditions context and local construction practices as well as the most often used construction materials. In order to fulfil the above stated aim, this research uses annual KWh/m2 as a design selection metric to evaluate various design considerations in Tehran. A comprehensive, three phase studies have been carried out for the research in order to achieve following objectives: (a) identify building construction factors resulting in high energy consumption in domestic buildings in Tehran; (b) assess the local efficient design and materials contributing to reduction of energy consumption in Tehran (c) evaluate passive domestic design with regards to free running buildings where is applicable (d) propose guidance on better energy performance residential buildings in Tehran through passive design principles. The finding of this research proves that a systematically selection of various designs and materials within the local practices and market, coupled with considerations of local standard thermal comfort requirements, up to 70% of energy savings can be achieved in Tehran without imposing much change against the cost and design to the existing practices.
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Yang, Xi. "Measuring the Effects of Environmental Certification on Residential Property Values - Evidence from Green Condominiums in Portland, U.S." PDXScholar, 2013. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1113.
Full textAbstract:
Green building, as an environmentally responsible and resource-efficient product, has emerged in recent decades. Along with the growing interest in green building design and operating practices, a number of green building certification standards and rating systems have been developed by different organizations worldwide. Those rating systems allow government regulators, building professionals, and consumers to embrace green building with confidence. Many recent studies find that LEED and Energy Star certified commercial buildings gain significant rental and sales price premiums and have higher occupancy rates. However, little research has been conducted to measure the market value of certified multi-family residential buildings, for instance, green condominiums. This study investigates the price effects of LEED certification on condominium real estate assets in a local housing market, in this case Portland, Oregon. The overall dataset is developed by combining information from Metro's Regional Land Information System (RLIS) and LEED certifications by the U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC). A hedonic pricing model is employed to measure the effects of certification levels on sales prices. The model results indicate that, compared to non-certified condominiums in Portland, green certified properties have a 5.8 percent sales price premium on average. The result of this study confirms that LEED condominiums exhibit higher sales prices controlling for location- and property-specific factors.
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Okamoto, Patricia Seiko. "Os impactos da norma brasileira de desempenho sobre o processo de projeto de edificações residenciais." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3146/tde-19072016-083350/.
Full textAbstract:
Este trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de identificar influências da NBR 15.575 sobre o processo de projeto de edificações residenciais e, visando ao melhor atendimento dos requisitos introduzidos pela Norma Brasileira de Desempenho, propor ações de melhoria em uma empresa incorporadora e construtora nas áreas e processos relacionados à aplicação dessa mesma Norma. Com esta finalidade foi utilizado primeiramente o método de Estudos de Caso com o objetivo de identificar como as exigências da Norma Brasileira de Desempenho têm encorajado alterações no processo de projeto de seis empresas incorporadoras e construtoras, tidas como contratantes, levantando boas práticas e possíveis dificuldades encontradas neste contexto. Procedeu-se a aplicação de questionários e a realização de entrevistas com representantes de escritórios de projeto, empresas fabricantes e um auditor/consultor de Gestão do Sistema de Qualidade, com o intuito de identificar o posicionamento destes outros intervenientes perante a nova realidade. A análise das informações obtidas nos estudos de caso forneceu bases para que, num segundo momento, pudesse ser aplicado o método Pesquisa-ação em uma sétima empresa incorporadora e construtora (R). Analisando os resultados obtidos, constatou-se que a maior parte das empresas entrevistadas na primeira etapa metodológica ainda não conhece o desempenho das edificações que até então projetou ou produziu. Visando atender às exigências apresentadas na NBR 15.575, algumas ações puderam ser identificadas, entretanto, muitas dificuldades vêm sendo encontradas. Por outro lado, na segunda etapa metodológica verificou-se que a aplicação da Pesquisa-ação na empresa R possibilitou aos seus colaboradores uma melhor compreensão do texto e das exigências da norma, favorecendo discussões e a geração de ideias, permitindo consequentemente o planejamento e a implementação de ações de melhoria para o processo de projeto. Concluiu-se que os impactos diretos e as principais influências da NBR 15.575 sobre o processo de projeto constituem-se: (1) na maior evidência que sua exigibilidade proporciona à necessidade de considerar as normas técnicas na elaboração de projetos, no desenvolvimento e na construção de edificações residenciais; (2) no incentivo ao acréscimo de qualidade nas edificações ao relevar as exigências de usuários; e (3) na criação de oportunidades para que ganhos corporativos significativos sejam atingidos, estimulando a comunicação, o trabalho colaborativo e a visão sistêmica dos envolvidos.This study was carried out in order to identify possible influences of the standard NBR 15.575 on the design process of residential buildings and to propose improvements for processes and departments of a real estate developer and construction company aiming to better meet the requirements introduced by the \"Brazilian Standard for Performance\". First, case studies were conducted in order to identify how the requirements presented in the text of the standard have encouraged changes in the design process of six real estate and construction companies, taken as contractors of design projects. In this context, the best practices and possible obstacles met by these companies were identified. Questionnaires and interviews were also applied to three designers, two manufacturers and one auditor/consultant of Quality Management System to assess their positioning towards the new regulatory environment. The analysis of the information obtained from the case studies has given basis to the application of the method called Action research on a seventh real estate and construction company (R) in a second moment. After analyzing the results, it was found that most of the companies interviewed in the first methodological step do not know about the performance of the buildings that they previously constructed. To meet the demands presented in the text of NBR 15.575, some actions could be identified; however, many difficulties have been encountered. On the other hand, in the second methodological step it was found that the implementation of the Action research in R company has allowed its employees to better understand the text and the requirements presented by the NBR 15.575, promoting discussions and generating ideas. As a result, it has allowed planning and implementation of improvements on the design process. It was concluded that the direct impacts and the main influences of ISO 15.575 on the design process are: (1) the reinforcement to the need of considering technical standards on building design, on development and on construction of residential buildings; (2) the encouragement to increase quality in buildings once considering the users´ demands; and (3) the creation of opportunities to significant gains at the corporate level by stimulating communication, collaborative work and the systemic view to those involved.
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Krejčí, Vlastimil. "Bytový dům Terasy Havlíčkova - vybrané části STP." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-225617.
Full textAbstract:
Architectural and technological project of building the housing Terraces Havlickova contains technical report on construction technology project,coordination situation, building relationships with the wider transport routes, time and financial plan of the building object, study the implementation of major technological stages of a residential building,Project construction site, design of the main building machines,schedule of the main building construction object SO-01,plan for securing material resources for the construction of residential house,technological regulation for the implementation of excavations and roofs,inspection and test plan for the implementation of the excavations and roofs. The other award was prepared itemized budget apartment house SO-01, calculation of construction according to THU, health and safety plan and Listing of security risks and security measures on site
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LI, HUNG-MAO, and 李虹茂. "A Local Panel System House Design Transform from Traditional Residential Construction." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/hks36y.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣科技大學
建築系
95
Cottage homes and apartments built by RC construction are main building types in Taiwan. These buildings are constructed simply and quickly with low prices. Their design, however, are totally different to local traditional residences and are not in harmony with specific climate environments. In addition, adopted materials may cause great environmental impacts and high emission of CO2. The result apparently departs from the trend of “cultural connection” and “sustainable building”. Owing to this, we attempt to develop a building system based on traditional residence concepts, local materiasl and technology, as well as regional characteristics to satisfy modern requirements. There are three goals proposed in this study: the connection of residential characteristics, the satisfaction of residential functions, and the development of residenial benefits. In order to strengthen the sustainability of this building system, we use the concept of “open building” and “systematic house” as an experimental study. The system is divided into main system, subsystem, and semisystem to discuss respectively. We collect some modern construction methods, and select appropriate solution models to constitute an integrated construction system. This study finally proposes a local panel system house, from traditional grid casement construction, based on the concept of typical building constructure processes of traditional residences. The characteristics of a panel system are described as follows: �� The system’s concept results from the building mode of traditional residences, whichs means to standardize the frame unit, the built space and its structure according to the rules of linear arrangement. �� The interface of subsystematic connection can be moveable. This system has high flexibility of different construction levels and high construction movability in a residential period. �� In an ideal situation, a set of a panel system can be built to differnet residential types in Taiwan. �� This system is highly standardized. It can be produced massively and pre-casted to show traditional residential features. �� This system has higher additional benefits in flexibility, comfort, and customization. �� The result can be expanded and accumulative widely. It can be also applied to develop various design programs effectly and fastly. The result of this study shows that the local panel system house can consider traditional residence characteristics, and has high industrialization and rationalization to be in harmony with specific climate conditions in Taiwan. It can even take some environmental features such as variableness, energy saving and sustainability into account. We believe that the research result is beneficial for the industrial application in the near future.
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Weier, Anna. "An experiment with design and construction : determining barriers to sustainable, urban, residential renovation." 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/21024.
Full text
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SU, FU-HSUAN, and 蘇芙萱. "Design and Construction Interface of Tile –A case study of residential bathroom and kitchen." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/nq8x9r.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中原大學
室內設計研究所
105
ABSTRACT There are two places are very important which are kitchen and bathroom. They have to be used by everyone in the daily. Because of the users whose different habits、life pattern and the equipment is updated quickly , these two places whose resistance、convenience and visual beauty need to be explored in different design interface . New design interface affect the construction, so we can discussion these two places to know how to choice the good ways from construction and design. Through the discussion of the bathroom bath and kitchen tile design interface, analyze the tile in the design and construction of the relevance of the integration of the design interface of the important projects and the production of "tile project checklist" to achieve the design interface integration construction interface And at the same time meet the requirements of the design stage owners to design interface to integrate the construction interface to design interface checklist to solve the construction interface may occur in the omission, in the construction interface phase, in the material to confirm and arrange the duration, the implementation of check Schedules and re-confirmed with the design interface, so that the construction workers have the basis for construction, in the design interface to integrate the map to mention the nuclear point of time, and the implementation of the implementation of the interface is to achieve the same consensus.
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Melnichuk, Svetlana Valeryevna. "Hygrothermal design methodology for exterior wood-frame walls in Canadian low-rise residential construction." 2007. http://link.library.utoronto.ca/eir/EIRdetail.cfm?Resources__ID=788856&T=F.
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Sherriff-Shuping, Roselle Danette. "Buying into residential eco-estates: perception and reality of "green living" in eco-estates in Gauteng, South Africa." Diss., 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/22131.
Full textAbstract:
With few studies focusing on the construction of green buildings in South Africa, there is a need to understand the reasoning behind the development of residential estates that have classified themselves as “eco”. The aim of this study was to establish whether or not residential estates that market themselves as “eco” are in fact sustainable. This study looks at the environmental sustainability of residential eco-estates (n=7) and compares them to non-eco-estates (n=7) in the Gauteng Province of South Africa. The study used content analysis to evaluate the marketing material of the 14 estates sampled for the study.
The data gathered through content analysis was then used to determine the environmental sustainability for each estate using an adapted version of the Sustainable Building Assessment Tool. The findings indicate that although the residential eco-estates had higher environmental sustainability scores when compared with non-eco-estates, the overall score for many of the eco-estates was too low for them to be classified as sustainable. The results of the study also highlight that a number of the eco-estates use greenwashing methods to attract potential homeowners. By selling nature, these estates are able to attract homeowners who may be interested in protecting the environment.
When looking at these findings, it is possible to assume that the development of residential eco-estates has less to do with the sustainability of nature and has more to do with a desire to increase profits. In order to achieve environmental sustainability, it is therefore important to provide guidelines for developers to use if they are genuinely interested in creating estates that focus on the protection of the environment and natural resources. These guidelines can be developed through frameworks that exist to evaluate the sustainability of developments. Although much of the focus of this research is placed on the developers of each estate, it is important to acknowledge that the individuals who live within these estates are just as responsible for achieving sustainability.Geography
M.A. (Geography)
30
Parnell, Russell. "Vibration Serviceability and Dynamic Modeling of Cold-Formed Steel Floor Systems." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/3963.
Full textAbstract:
The use of cold-formed steel as a framework for floor systems in multi-story buildings and single occupancy residences is becoming an increasingly popular alternative to traditional materials and techniques. Builders and designers have recognized that the high strength-to-weight ratio provided by the cross-section of cold-formed steel members permits lighter structures and longer spans. The longer spans and lighter structures associated with cold-formed steel floor systems can result in vibration serviceability issues if proper design considerations are not made. Providing sufficient damping within the structure is the most effective way to ensure that occupants are comfortable under typical residential and office service loads. The modern, open-concept interior has open floor plans with few partitions and long spans, which result in inherently low structural damping. Cold-formed steel floor systems also have less mass than traditional floor systems, which will increase the amplitude of acceleration response.
The vibration problems that may be present in cold-formed steel floor systems, like any other floor system, can be addressed if proper consideration is given by designers. Traditional design approaches for vibration serviceability have proven inadequate, and there are no current methods available to designers for calculating the response of cold-formed steel floor systems. In order to design a floor system to properly address occupant comfort, consideration must be given for the type of dynamic loading, resonance, dynamic response, and stiffness of the floor system. The objective of this thesis is to improve the understanding of the dynamic characteristics of cold-formed steel floor systems, and recommend an adequate model for predicting the dynamic response and modal properties of floor systems, in order to aid the design process.
This thesis presents the results of an extensive laboratory and field study on the vibration of cold-formed steel floor systems. Floor systems built with cold-formed steel TreadyReady® joists and subfloor assemblies containing OSB, FORTACRETE®, sound reduction board, cold-formed steel deck, and LEVELROCK® topping were examined. Previous research has presented the observed influence of construction details on the modal properties of the laboratory floor systems tested. This thesis discusses the influence of different details on the transverse stiffness of the floor systems. It was found that effectively restrained strongbacks, and cold-formed steel deck subfloor assemblies provided significant increases in transverse stiffness. Based on the analysis of the field testing data, recommended design damping ratios are provided for floor systems constructed with the materials investigated in this study.
Floor response that can be compared to serviceability criteria is presented. The peak RMS acceleration from walking excitation was found to be within the acceptable range for the ISO criterion based on residential occupancy, and the static deflection from a 1 kN point load was found to be within the acceptable range of Onysko’s criterion. An adequate design criterion for vibration requires a limiting value, and a means of estimating floor response for comparison. The AISC, ATC, and Smith, Chui, and Hu Orthotropic Plate design methods were evaluated by comparing predicted frequency against measured frequency for the test floors. The ATC and Smith, Chui, and Hu Orthotropic Plate methods were evaluated by comparing predicted deflection against measured deflection for the test floors. The ATC method is recommended as the best method for calculating floor response based on current publications.
A design procedure is recommended for cold-formed steel floor systems, using the ATC design guide. The ATC acceleration criterion for walking excitation must be met for floors with fundamental frequencies of less than 15 Hz, and the ATC static deflection criterion must be met for all floors. Proposed modifications to the ATC method to improve the design of cold-formed steel floors include: adopting the recommended design damping ratios from this thesis; adopting the frequency-weighted ISO limiting acceleration and, obtaining several coefficients and empirical expressions that are relevant to cold-formed steel floors from further testing. Recommendations for improving the floor testing procedures at the University of Waterloo are given.
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"Large-scale private residential developments: a comparative study of the design patterns in Mei Foo Sun Chuen, Tai Koo Shing and Whampoa Gardens." 1997. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5889177.
Full textAbstract:
by Elmer Anthony H. Olaer.Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1997.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 105-108).
Table of Contents --- p.i
List of Figures --- p.iii
List of Tables --- p.v
List of Appendices --- p.vi
Glossary --- p.vii
Abstract --- p.viii
Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1
Chapter Chapter 2 --- Background --- p.6
Urban location --- p.6
Estate planning --- p.9
Non-Residential Facilities --- p.13
Streets and parking --- p.15
Pedestrian Walkways --- p.16
Open Spaces --- p.17
Chapter Chapter 3 --- Daily Life --- p.19
Mornings --- p.20
Noontime --- p.22
Evenings --- p.23
Chapter Chapter 4 --- Mei Foo Sun Chuen --- p.24
Background --- p.24
Estate Masterplan --- p.26
Residential Towers --- p.27
Non-residential facilities --- p.28
Street System --- p.30
Pedestrian Paths --- p.32
Open Spaces --- p.33
Summary --- p.36
Chapter Chapter 5 --- Tai Koo Shing --- p.37
Background --- p.37
Subdivisions within the estate --- p.39
Ancillary community facilities --- p.41
Internal Street System --- p.44
Internal and External Pedestrian Walkways --- p.45
Open spaces --- p.47
Summary --- p.51
Chapter Chapter 6 --- Whampoa Garden --- p.52
Background --- p.52
15residential and commercial sites --- p.54
Residential Towers --- p.55
Ancillary community facilities --- p.55
Streets --- p.57
Pathways --- p.60
Open Spaces --- p.62
Summary --- p.66
Chapter Chapter 7 --- Summary and Discussion --- p.67
Urban location --- p.67
Planning of estates --- p.65
The residential towers and the cruciform --- p.72
Ancillary community facilities --- p.74
Streets and parking --- p.78
Pedestrian walkways --- p.81
Open spaces and recreational spaces --- p.83
Chapter Chapter 8 --- Conclusion and Recommendations --- p.91
Appendix 1 --- p.98
Appendix 2 --- p.99
Appendix 3 --- p.100
Appendix 4 --- p.101
Appendix 5 --- p.102
Appendix 6 --- p.103
Appendix 6 --- p.104
Bibliography --- p.105
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Pfretzschner, Kathryn S. "Practical modeling for load paths in a realistic, light-frame wood house." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/34042.
Full textAbstract:
The objective of this study was to develop and validate practical modeling
methods for investigating load paths and system behavior in a realistic, light-frame wood
structure. The modeling methods were validated against full-scale tests on subassemblies
and an L-shaped house. The model of the L-shaped house was then modified
and used to investigate the effects of re-entrant corners, wall openings and gable-end
retrofits on system behavior and load paths. Results from this study showed that the
effects of adding re-entrant corners and wall openings on uplift load distributions were
dependent on the orientation of the trusses with respect to the walls. Openings added to
walls parallel to the trusses had the least effect on loads carried by the remaining walls in
the building. Varying re-entrant corner dimensions of the L-shaped house under ASCE
7-05 (ASCE 2005) design wind loads caused increasing degrees of torsion throughout the
house, depending on the relative location and stiffness of the in-plane walls (parallel to
the applied wind loads) as well as the assumed direction of the wind loads. Balancing the
stiffness of the walls on either side of the house with the largest re-entrant corner helped
to decrease torsion in the structure somewhat. Finally, although previous full-scale tests
on gable-end sections verified the effectiveness of the gable-end retrofit that was recently
adopted into the 2010 Florida building code, questions remained about the effects of the
retrofit on torsion in a full building. The current study found that adding the gable-end
retrofits to the L-shaped house did not cause additional torsion.Graduation date: 2013
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HSIEH, YU-CHIEH, and 謝雨潔. "Constructing of Design Items for Residential Interior Design." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/77235903121595451316.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中原大學
室內設計研究所
105
The 21th century has seen the excessive growth of the interior design industry in Taiwan, and the uneven supply of the employment market. This translates into instability in the development of the industry itself and its production output. In order to improve on this instability, the research seeks to construct design items for residential interior design. It is hoped that this will benefit both the interior design industry and its academic field. Hence the main objectives of this research are to: (1) Study the relevant literature for the design process criteria of residential internal design both locally and abroad. (2) Construct design items and their framework for residential interior design. (3) Analyze the differences in opinion of experts in the industry and academia on the design items, as influenced by their different individual characteristics. The research extrapolates a framework through content analysis, within which questionnaire surveys are carried out on experts, and the Fuzzy Delphi method is employed to analyze the data, thereby selecting the most suitable design items for residential interior design. Thereafter a second questionnaire survey is conducted, the data of which are then analyzed using the SPSS statistics software, through processes such as reliability analysis, descriptive statistical analysis, and differential tests. This is to study the differences in opinion on design items for residential interior design as influenced by different individual characteristics. It seeks to understand the proportion of emphasis given by each expert to the implementation of each design criterion, which can then serve as a reference to industrial practitioners and in future studies. Lastly, the research concludes that the ‘design items for residential interior design’ comprise 7 categories and 64 sub-categories, with a total of 189 design items. The statistical results reveal that, in the categories for residential interior design, the interior design industrial and academic experts place more emphasis on ‘lines of movement and use of spatial functionalities’, and less on ‘laws and regulations’. Furthermore, the differential tests demonstrate that the experts show the most significant differences in opinion on the design items when influenced by the 4 individual characteristic variables of ‘work experience’, ‘highest educational qualification’, ‘professional certification’, and ‘engagement in teaching activities’. These constitute areas that warrant further research.
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Teixeira, Herberto Gil Moniz. "High performance green buildings." Master's thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.13/578.
Full textAbstract:
This work aims to study and analyze strategies and measures to improve energy
performance in residential and service buildings, in order to minimize energy losses
and energy consumption.
Due to the high energy dependence of European Union (EU), including Portugal and
Slovenia, and high percentage of energy consumption in the building sector, there was
a need to adopt strategies at European level with ambitious goals. This came to force
EU - Member States to take measures to achieve the proposed targets for energy
consumption reduction.
To this end, EU - Member States have adapted the laws to their needs and formed
specialized agencies and qualified experts on energy certification, which somehow
evaluate buildings according to their performance.
In this study, the external characteristics of the building in order to meet its thermal
needs and from there to survey the existing and possible constructive solutions to be
used at the envelope will be examined, in order to increase comfort and reduce the
need of use technical means of air conditioning.
The possibility of passive heating and ventilation systems also will be discussed. These techniques are developed in parallel with the deployment and design of the building.
In this manner, to reduce the energy consumption, various techniques and
technologies exploit natural resources.
Thus, appear the more sustainable and efficient buildings, so-called Green Buildings have been appeared.
The study ends with the identification of measures used in several buildings, proving
the economic return in the medium to long term, as well as the satisfaction of their
users.Universidade da Madeira
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Tseng, Yu-Ling, and 曾于玲. "Research of Virtual Reality in Interior Design Constructions─ Residential Space as Case Study." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/b59qn8.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中原大學
室內設計研究所
107
Virtual Reality is the most popular technology in the 21st century that merges science with creativity. With its wide variety of uses and well-known advancements in communication, entertainment and problem solving, it’s no surprise that it is the industry leading tool in interior design. This study uses the HTC VIVE case analysis to promote virtual reality in interior design and related industries. This study will look at two parts of virtual reality environments: “scene simulation” and “interaction”, as well as critical factors and construction process of indoor virtual reality dimensions. There are many critical factors that one must look at in creating a successful interactive virtual reality environment. In designing a virtual reality “Scene”, accurate scale and perspective as well as realistic projections of space lay the foundation. Interactive elements such as: (1) 3D movement, (2) scene change, (3) door openings and closings, (4) object communications, (5) lighting variations, (6) day and night distinctions, (7) change design plan, are critical to virtual realistic interactions. Another important interactive component in virtual reality is “user interface”. Key factors of a successful user interface include: recognizability and display positioning. Finally, successful virtual reality interactive operations require to follow past successful methods. In turn, it will reduce learning cost and improve virtual motion comfortability. These aspects of virtual reality make the user experience immersive and in turn worthwhile for both sides of the industry.