Journal articles on the topic 'Residential building costs'
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1
Sun, Chen-Yi, Yin-Guang Chen, Rong-Jing Wang, Shih-Chi Lo, Jyh-Tyng Yau, and Ya-Wen Wu. "Construction Cost of Green Building Certified Residence: A Case Study in Taiwan." Sustainability 11, no. 8 (April 12, 2019): 2195. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11082195.
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The green building certification system of Taiwan, EEWH (Ecology, Energy Saving, Waste Reduction and Health), has been in operation for more than 20 years (since 1999). In order to understand the relationship between green building certification and the construction costs of residential buildings, this study obtained 37 green building-certified residential cases and 36 general residential cases available from public information and conducted a comparative analysis. The results of this study showed that the average construction cost of a green building certification residential building was only 1.58% higher than a general residential building, indicating that green building certification does not require a large increase in costs. However, for residential buildings, achieving a high-grade (gold-grade or diamond-grade) green building certification means an increase of 6.7% to 9.3% in construction costs. This shows that the pursuit of higher levels of green building certification does require higher construction costs. In addition, the results of this study can not only provide important references for the government in making green building policies, but also offer a practical strategy for developers for decision-making.
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Zhao, Linlin, Zhansheng Liu, and Jasper Mbachu. "Energy Management through Cost Forecasting for Residential Buildings in New Zealand." Energies 12, no. 15 (July 26, 2019): 2888. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12152888.
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Over the last two decades, the residential building sector has been one of the largest energy consumption sectors in New Zealand. The relationship between that sector and household energy consumption should be carefully studied in order to optimize the energy consumption structure and satisfy energy demands. Researchers have made efforts in this field; however, few have concentrated on the association between household energy use and the cost of residential buildings. This study examined the correlation between household energy use and residential building cost. Analysis of the data indicates that they are significantly correlated. Hence, this study proposes time series methods, including the exponential smoothing method and the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model for forecasting residential building costs of five categories of residential buildings (one-storey house, two-storey house, townhouse, residential apartment and retirement village building) in New Zealand. Moreover, the artificial neutral networks (ANNs) model was used to forecast the future usage of three types of household energy (electricity, gas and petrol) using the residential building costs. The t-test was used to validate the effectiveness of the obtained ANN models. The results indicate that the ANN models can generate acceptable forecasts. The primary contributions of this paper are twofold: (1) Identify the close correlation between household energy use and residential building costs; (2) provide a new clue for optimizing energy management.
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Bucoń, Robert, and Michał Tomczak. "SUPPORTING BUILDING ADMINISTRATOR’S DECISIONS IN DETERMINING MAINTENANCE COSTS OF RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS." Engineering Structures and Technologies 8, no. 1 (April 17, 2016): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/2029882x.2016.1170641.
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Maintenance of multi-family buildings is a difficult and complex task, which requires a proper (multi-criteria) assessment of a building’s condition as well as determining and planning maintenance costs. It requires from a building administrator to be well experienced and have skills in making decisions, which include a proper investment of limited funds allocated for maintenance. This task is usually preceded by the analysis of cost-effectiveness and validity to perform certain repairs. Taking into account the above the authors proposed a model supporting an administrator in making decisions while determining a scope of building renovation. The system algorithm proposed comprises a few stages including: building condition and its proposed repair evaluation and the choice of renovation variant. It is based on tools such as multicriteria methods to support decisions and linear programming. Calculations conducted using the suggested model allow an administrator to obtain key information for appropriate maintenance of a building, i.e. to determine a renovation variant and its cost as well as a monthly renovation contribution (at assumed number of years) to achieve assumed condition of a building.
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Doseva, Nadezhda Ognjanova, and Daniela Chakyrova. "Life cycle costs optimization of residential buildings." ANNUAL JOURNAL OF TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF VARNA, BULGARIA 2, no. 2 (December 20, 2018): 62–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.29114/ajtuv.vol2.iss2.94.
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This paper considers the questions of techno-economic optimization in order to determine the thermal transmittance coefficient of the external walls of an existing residential building.The optimization procedure is conducted for the climatic and economic conditions in Bulgaria and taking into account the existing legal framework. The minimum of the building life cycle costs is determined by using genetic algorithm
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Franzitta, V., Alessia Viola, and Marco Trapanese. "Energy and Economic Analysis of Different Buildings Constructed with Environmentally Sustainable and Traditional Materials." Applied Mechanics and Materials 432 (September 2013): 109–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.432.109.
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The use of bioclimatic principles can reduce energy demands and CO2emissions in the building sector. Costs are one of the most important barriers to a widespread adoption of the green architecture e.[ The aim of this study is to compare the energy and economic performances of two buildings: a real residential bioclimatic building located in Cinisi (a small town near Palermo, Sicily) and an imaginary residential building supposed having the same geographical location, cubature, shape and orientation as the bioclimatic building but built by conventional building materials. The tools used for this study were TRNSYS and HOMER[
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Franzitta, V., D. Milone, M. Trapanese, A. Viola, V. Di Dio, and S. Pitruzzella. "Energy and Economic Comparison of Different Conditioning System among Traditional and Eco-Sustainable Building." Applied Mechanics and Materials 394 (September 2013): 289–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.394.289.
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The use of bioclimatic principles can reduce energy demands and CO2 emissions in the building sector [1-. Costs are one of the most important barriers to a widespread adoption of the green architecture technologies [4-. The aim of this study is to compare the energy and economic performances of two buildings: a real residential bioclimatic building located in Cinisi (a small town near Palermo, Sicily) and an imaginary residential building supposed having the same geographical location, cubature, shape and orientation as the bioclimatic building but built by conventional building materials. The tools used for this study were TRNSYS and HOMER
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Sojkova, Katerina, Martin Volf, Antonin Lupisek, Roman Bolliger, and Tomas Vachal. "Selection of Favourable Concept of Energy Retrofitting Solution for Social Housing in the Czech Republic Based on Economic Parameters, Greenhouse Gases, and Primary Energy Consumption." Sustainability 11, no. 22 (November 18, 2019): 6482. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11226482.
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Energy retrofitting of existing building stock has significant potential for the reduction of energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. Roughly half of the CO2 emissions from Czech building stock are estimated to be allocated to residential buildings. Approximately one-third of the Czech residential building stock have already been retrofitted, but retrofitting mostly takes place in large cities due to greater income. A favourable concept for the mass retrofitting of residential building stock, affordable even in low-income regions, was of interest. For a reference building, multi-criteria assessment of numerous retrofitting measures was performed. The calculation involved different building elements, materials, solutions, and energy-efficiency levels in combination with various heating systems. The assessment comprised environmental impact, represented by operational and embodied primary energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions, and investment and operational costs using the annuity method. Analysis resulted in the identification of favourable retrofitting measures and showed that complex building retrofitting is advantageous from both a cost and an environmental point of view. The environmental burden could be decreased by approximately 10–30% even without photovoltaic installation, and costs per year could be decreased by around 40%.
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Bartošová Kmeťková, Jana, and Dušan Petráš. "Energy and economical evaluation of residential buildings in Slovakia." E3S Web of Conferences 111 (2019): 03011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911103011.
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The main objective of the research is to make evaluation of energy and economic by the retrofitting of the residential buildings. If this methodology can be an appropriate tool to guide decisions related with the building energy performances and to identify the most cost-effective variants of the renovation, that could be applied to the building stock in Slovakia by the analysis of the life-cycle costs of the representative apartment buildings. The specific objectives of this study were the following: • Theoretical analysis of the residential buildings stock in Slovakia • Analysis of the studied residential buildings and their energy parameters before and after renovation • Simulation of the energy performance of the apartment buildings • Mathematical modeling of the technical and economic parameters
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İlerisoy, Zeynep Yeşim, and Mehmet Emin Tuna. "Effects of Height and Plan Geometry on the Costs of Tunnel Form Residential Buildings." Periodica Polytechnica Architecture 49, no. 1 (June 15, 2018): 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3311/ppar.12384.
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Tunnel form systems, which are industrialised construction systems developed in the last century, are widely used in reinforced concrete projects. Accurate determination of the costs of the building properties in the design phases of construction with the tunnel form system can lead to lower construction costs. The purpose of this study is to examine the cost variations resulting from changes in geometrical characteristics of buildings in the architectural design phase. The research was carried out on residential projects, which have the biggest share in the construction sector. Six housing projects with different plan geometries were designed, and these projects were examined for nine different numbers of floors. The study aims to reveal the extent to which both the plan shape and the number of floors influence the building costs. During the design phase, recommendations are given for reducing the building costs and finding the optimal form. It has been shown that tunnel form projects are not cost-effective in low-rise buildings and after a certain height. Furthermore, when different geometries are examined, the most economical cost is obtained in square form, and the cost increases as the two dimensions in plan plane move away from each other. As a result, the data obtained from this study will provide a better assessment of the relationship between building properties and unit cost in buildings constructed with tunnel form systems.
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Nowogońska, Beata, and Jacek Korentz. "Value of Technical Wear and Costs of Restoring Performance Characteristics to Residential Buildings." Buildings 10, no. 1 (January 8, 2020): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings10010009.
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Each building, over the course of subsequent years of use, undergoes wear, with a deterioration of its technical condition. As a result of this, the performance characteristics of a building decrease with the passing of time, with their complete or partial restoration requiring repair and renovation works to be carried out. It is the task of real estate managers or owners to maintain the building in a non-deteriorating technical and functional condition. In order to preserve the technical and functional condition of a building at an adequate level, methodological support of decision-making processes pertaining to the conducting of rational maintenance management is necessary. The present article presents a proposal of a model allowing for the accurate assessment of the costs of renovation and repair works on a building at a given stage of its use, and their relationship with the value of the technical wear of the building in the same time period. Residential buildings constructed using traditional technology were subjected to analysis. In the carried out analysis, temporal methods applied for calculating the level of technical wear were applied, with the PRRD (prediction of reliability according to Rayleigh distribution) model of changes in the performance characteristics applied to determine the costs of renovation works necessary for restoring performance characteristics to the building.
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Zhao, Linlin, Jasper Mbachu, and Zhansheng Liu. "Modelling Residential Building Costs in New Zealand: A Time-Series Transfer Function Approach." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2020 (January 27, 2020): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/7028049.
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Cost estimating based on a building cost index plays an important role in project planning and cost management by providing accurate cost information. However, an effective method to predict the building cost index of New Zealand is lacking. This study proposes a transfer function method to improve the forecasting accuracy of the building cost index. In this study, the New Zealand house price index is included in the transfer function models as an explanatory variable to produce cost forecasts. The proposed method is used to estimate the building cost index of residential buildings including one-story houses, two-story houses, and town houses in New Zealand. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, this study compares the cost forecasts generated from the transfer function models and the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models. The results indicate that the proposed transfer function method can achieve better outcomes than ARIMA models by considering the time-lag causality between building costs and New Zealand house prices. The proposed method can be used by industry professionals as a practical tool to predict project costs and help the professionals to better capture the inherent relationships between cost and house prices.
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De Risi, Maria Teresa, Carlo Del Gaudio, and Gerardo Mario Verderame. "A component-level methodology to evaluate the seismic repair costs of infills and services for Italian RC buildings." Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering 18, no. 14 (September 10, 2020): 6533–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10518-020-00944-7.
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Abstract The reliable estimation of seismic losses due to damage to buildings is paramount for the post-emergency management and the planning of recovery activities. For residential reinforced concrete (RC) infilled buildings, a significant role in the computation of seismic loss is played by non-structural components, above all infills, partitions and services, as shown in past earthquakes. In this work, a component-based methodology is proposed to assess seismic losses for residential RC buildings in Mediterranean region. The attention is focused on the repairing activities for masonry infills (typical enclosure or partitions elements in Italian and Mediterranean RC buildings), and for services (plumbing systems, electric equipment, floor/wall tiles…), commonly enclosed within the infill panels for the considered building typology. The described methodology can be used starting from the expected damage level to infills and partitions. It adopts given repair unit costs at different damage states of infills. The loss estimation methodology has been, first, validated by comparing predicted and actual repair costs for specific case-study buildings damaged by L’Aquila (Italy) 2009 earthquake. Then, the methodology has been applied to a wide dataset of RC buildings (about 2500 residential buildings) damaged by L’Aquila earthquake available from the literature, to show its possible application at a large-scale level. A good agreement between observed and predicted costs is obtained both for specific case-study buildings and for the wider building stock, especially when damage to structural components is very limited.
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Rodrigues, Carla, and Fausto Freire. "Environmental impacts and costs of residential building retrofits – What matters?" Sustainable Cities and Society 67 (April 2021): 102733. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2021.102733.
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Takács, Ján, Zuzana Straková, and Lukáš Rácz. "Costs Analysis of Circulation Pumps for Heating of Residential Building." Periodica Polytechnica Mechanical Engineering 62, no. 1 (December 21, 2017): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3311/ppme.10606.
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Circulation pumps are mechanical devices, which are used to create the overpressure required for the transportation of a heat-transfer medium in heating technology as well as in other related technologies. In a circulation pump the mechanical energy generated by the drive machine – an electric motor - is transformed to hydraulic energy, which consists of kinetic and static energy. In the pipeline of a heating system circulation pumps represent a source of hydraulic energy (positive differential pressure), which is consumed to transport the heat-transfer medium. During the flow, the heat-transfer medium puts up resistance to the so-called passive resistors, which consist of pressure losses from friction in the pipes and pressure losses due to local resistance.In this article the authors describe the research, which is based on a case study. They analyze the effect of a circulation pumps on the investments and operating costs in a residential building. Different types of circulation pumps, ranging from the most unfavorable to the optimal, were selected.
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Mills, Anthony, Peter E. Love, and Peter Williams. "Defect Costs in Residential Construction." Journal of Construction Engineering and Management 135, no. 1 (January 2009): 12–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9364(2009)135:1(12).
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Korentz, Jacek, and Beata Nowogońska. "Assessment of the life cycle of masonry walls in residential buildings." MATEC Web of Conferences 174 (2018): 01025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201817401025.
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Environmental assessment over the course of the full life cycle of a building (LCA - Life Cycle Assessment) covers the environmental burden connected with energy consumption and the accompanying emission of contaminants into the atmosphere from the moment of obtaining a raw material and all stages of its processing and treatment, through the service life of a building, up to the moment that the use value of the building expires and the storage of waste. Literature on the subject is already very rich in this scope. There are numerous works pertaining to the guidelines for calculating all costs of the life cycle of buildings, i.e. environmental, economic and social costs. In these works, however, not much is said about the means of determining the life cycle of building structures. This is very important, especially in the case of the analysing the cycle of the further existence of buildings no longer in use, as well as newly designed ones. The article presents a method of predicting the performance characteristics of a building over the course of its use. The application of this method has been illustrated by the prediction of the performance characteristics of masonry walls, verified by studies carried out on existing buildings. The method - the purpose of research, can be applied to determine the life cycle (LC) of buildings for which LCCA (Life Cycle Cost Analysis) is carried out. A significant problem pertaining to every object in use is ensuring adequate reliability. The process of modeling reliability should have a mathematical basis enabling the problem to be described in detail. The ultimate aim is applying this description when solving problems connected with planning renovation work.
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Tzovaras, Damousis, Papanikolaou, Pitsiladis, and Barbagelata. "DRIMPAC—Unified Demand Response Interoperability Framework Enabling Market Participation of Active Energy Consumers." Proceedings 20, no. 1 (July 24, 2019): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2019020015.
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Residential and tertiary buildings are responsible for 44% of final energy consumption in Europe. However, they are currently not engaged in Demand Response (DR) activities due to technology-related and consumer-related roadblocks. One of the main technological roadblocks is the extreme fragmentation of protocols, data models and standards for Building Energy Management (BEM) systems and Building to Grid (B2G) communications. DRIMPAC is an EU-funded Innovation Action that aims to address the interoperability gaps and standards fragmentation in the residential and commercial buildings Demand Response domain aiming to reduce costs for all involved actors and make DR more attractive for the end prosumer.
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Hromada, Eduard, Stanislav Vitasek, Jakub Holcman, Renata Schneiderova Heralova, and Tomas Krulicky. "Residential Construction with a Focus on Evaluation of the Life Cycle of Buildings." Buildings 11, no. 11 (November 7, 2021): 524. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings11110524.
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The article focuses on highlighting the role of life cycle costing (LCC) in the preparatory and implementation phase of residential projects. It involves the evaluation of several investment scenarios in the pre-investment phase, the choice between variants of the design of the entire building or its parts, and the choice of variants of structures and equipment with acceptable parameters. An innovative method of evaluating the life cycle of buildings is described in the article. This method was tested in selected residential projects realized by Skanska in the Czech Republic. Experience from construction practice shows that the choice of variants, constructions, or equipment of buildings only on the basis of the lowest acquisition costs (lowest bid prices) is wrong. The LCC calculation tool has been designed to model life cycle costs of individual variants of construction designs with different input parameters. It is possible to analyze the components or equipment that have the greatest impact on total life cycle costs. The article presents a tool that evaluates the long-term economic efficiency of the proposed residential buildings in terms of analysis of life cycle costs. The article will also expand the knowledge of the professional and general public about the importance of examining investment and operating costs already in the phase of construction preparation.
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Yu, Chuan-Rui, Han-Sen Guo, Qian-Cheng Wang, and Rui-Dong Chang. "Revealing the Impacts of Passive Cooling Techniques on Building Energy Performance: A Residential Case in Hong Kong." Applied Sciences 10, no. 12 (June 18, 2020): 4188. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10124188.
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Environmental concerns and growing energy costs raise the importance of sustainable development and energy conservation. The building sector accounts for a significant portion of total energy consumption. Passive cooling techniques provide a promising and cost-efficient solution to reducing the energy demand of buildings. Based on a typical residential case in Hong Kong, this study aims to analyze the integration of various passive cooling techniques on annual and hourly building energy demand with whole building simulation. The results indicate that infiltration and insulation improvement are effective in regard to energy conservation in buildings, while the effectiveness of variations in building orientation, increasing natural ventilation rate, and phase change materials (PCM) are less significant. The findings will be helpful in the passive house standard development in Hong Kong and contribute to the further optimization work to realize both energy efficiency and favorably built environments in residential buildings.
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BUCOŃ, Robert, and Michał TOMCZAK. "DECISION-MAKING MODEL SUPPORTING THE PROCESS OF PLANNING EXPENDITURES FOR RESIDENTIAL BUILDING RENOVATION." Technological and Economic Development of Economy 24, no. 3 (May 28, 2018): 1200–1214. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/20294913.2016.1213208.
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The problem of multi-family building maintenance is complex and comprises numerous issues, one of which is the process of planning expenditures for residential building renovation. This task is important from the manager’s point of view as their responsibility is to maintain a building in a non-deteriorated condition. To fulfil this task, the authors of this paper suggest utilising a decision-making model aimed at defining renovation activities making it possible to retain the maintenance standard (as regards newly commissioned residential buildings) or improve it (as regards existing buildings). The suggested model is based on a multi-criteria building assessment including seven requirements. The calculations conducted using the suggested model enable us to define the costs and scope of renovation taken to ensure the assumed building condition or, by assuming various rates paid to the renovation reserve, to define the period in which the above-mentioned goals may be achieved.
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Wang, Yuanfeng, Bo Pang, Xiangjie Zhang, Jingjing Wang, Yinshan Liu, Chengcheng Shi, and Shuowen Zhou. "Life Cycle Environmental Costs of Buildings." Energies 13, no. 6 (March 14, 2020): 1353. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13061353.
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Energy consumption and pollutant emissions from buildings have caused serious impacts on the environment. Currently, research on building environmental costs is quite insufficient. Based on life cycle inventory of building materials, fossil fuel and electricity power, a calculating model for environmental costs during different stages is presented. A single-objective optimization model is generated by converting environmental impact into environmental cost, with the same unit with direct cost. Two residential buildings, one located in Beijing and another in Xiamen, China, are taken as the case studies and analyzed to test the proposed model. Moreover, data uncertainty and sensitivity analysis of key parameters, including the discount rate and the unit virtual abatement costs of pollutants, are also conducted. The analysis results show that the environmental cost accounts for about 16% of direct cost. The environmental degradation cost accounts for about 70% of the total environmental cost. According to the probabilistic uncertainty analysis results, the coefficient of variation of material production stage is the largest. The sensitivity analysis results indicate that the unit virtual abatement cost of CO2 has the largest influence on the final environmental cost.
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Bostancioğlu, E. "Effect of building shape on a residential building's construction, energy and life cycle costs." Architectural Science Review 53, no. 4 (November 2010): 441–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3763/asre.2009.0040.
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Mao, Yi Hua, and Guo Hua Yang. "Sustainable Development Drivers for Green Buildings: Incremental Costs-Benefits Analysis of Green Buildings." Advanced Materials Research 374-377 (October 2011): 76–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.374-377.76.
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With the rise of low-carbon economy, more and more investors understand and accept the concept of sustainable development, some investors have gradually shifted business focus to green buildings, but most are still on the sidelines. For investors, the most important consideration in their decision-making is the project's future benefits. The main aim of this paper is to identify incremental return on incremental costs of green buildings from the real estate investor’s perspective by analyzing a green residential building project. Based on the detailed analysis of incremental costs and benefits of the green building, the paper obtains the incremental investment rate of return using incremental analysis method. It certifies that there is a large benefit space for the developers to invest in green buildings.
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A.S, Ali, Chua Chua, S. J. L. S.J.L, M. Riley, and Gan S.W. "The Impact of Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCC) Towards Maintenance Performance for High-Rise Residential Lift System." Journal of Design and Built Environment 22, no. 1 (April 29, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.22452/jdbe.vol22no1.1.
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Building maintenance has become an invaluable process in the field of the built environment with the purpose of retaining building value and quality. Life Cycle Cost (LCC) is important in the maintenance field as it can reduce maintenance costs without affecting the performance of services. However, the application of LCC in this country is limited due to a lack of awareness and knowledge about LCC. This research intends to identify the components of LCC and its impact on the maintenance performance of lift systems in high-rise residential buildings. Lift systems are important for high-rise buildings to transport occupants from the ground floor to upper floors but most lift systems have not been effectively managed and maintained in Malaysia, which has resulted in severe injuries to users and even death. Yet, there is a lack of data regarding high-end high-rise residential buildings. Hence, this research will focus on lift systems in high-end high-rise residential buildings. A mixed-method approach has been adopted whereby questionnaires were distributed to building managers of high rise residential buildings in Klang Valley and interviews were conducted with building managers from the selected case studies. With the application of LCC, the maintenance team can consider all the LCC components of the lift system during the decision-making process and improve the maintenance performance of the lift system by having lower breakdown rates, fewer complaints received and quicker response times.
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Koshevaya, Victoria, Oleksandr Koshevyi, and Oleksandr Trobiuk. "SYSTEMATIC GRAPHICALLY-INTERPRETED MODELS OF CREATION OF ENERGY EFFICIENT BUILDINGS." APPLIED GEOMETRY AND ENGINEERING GRAPHICS, no. 100 (May 24, 2021): 172–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/0131-579x.2021.100.172-181.
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The article considers the creation of systematic graphically-interpreted models for matrix analysis of energy saving measures in the design of residential energy efficient and passive buildings, reconstruction of residential and historical buildings and the creation of energy-active architectural objects using alternative energy sources. Energy-efficient design of new buildings and modernization of old ones remains an urgent task. Ukraine's construction organizations are increasingly interested in reducing energy consumption and introducing energy-saving technologies. Scientists are trying to make housing more energy efficient, namely, consuming less energy compared to ordinary buildings and not polluting the environment. Increasing the level of energy supply and reducing the individual costs of servicing the house will allow solving the problem of creating graphically interpreted models of energy efficiency of the building and energy costs. The analysis is based on a combination of active and passive energy conservation measures and takes into account possible limitations based on a system approach in the construction of an integrated model of an energy active building.
The analysis is based on a combination of active and passive energy saving measures and takes into account possible limitations based on a systematic approach by creation a comprehensive model of an energy-active building.
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Zhao, Linlin, Jasper Mbachu, and Huirong Zhang. "Forecasting residential building costs in New Zealand using a univariate approach." International Journal of Engineering Business Management 11 (January 1, 2019): 184797901988006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1847979019880061.
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Construction cost index has been widely used to prepare cost estimates, budgets, and bids for construction projects. It can also be regarded as an indicator of cost level, which makes it valuable to public authorities for understanding the conditions in the construction industry. Accurate forecasting of future construction cost index is essential for construction industry at both micro- and macro-level. To improve the accuracy of the cost forecasting, time series modeling techniques are adopted in this study. The performance of the exponential smoothing models and seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models for forecasting the building cost of five categories of residential building (one-story house, two-story house, town house, apartment, and retirement village building) in New Zealand is compared. Exponential smoothing models can produce more accurate forecasts for cost series of the one-story house and two-story house in New Zealand, while seasonal ARIMA models outperform exponential smoothing models across the cost series for town house, apartment, and retirement village building. This study contributes toward the development of the current state of knowledge in the area of cost index forecasting for New Zealand and provides insights that should be valuable from the practitioner perspectives.
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Gauer, Tillman, and Björn-Martin Kurzrock. "Economic and ecological sustainability of the thermal building envelope: a cross-European perspective." MATEC Web of Conferences 282 (2019): 02003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201928202003.
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The building sector is crucial to reach the goals of common climate agreements. This paper contrasts three approaches to reduce emissions from typical residential buildings in Central Europe: the instalment of electric heat pumps (eHP), a thicker insulation of the thermal envelope and the encumbrance of a carbon tax. The use of less carbon intense fuels allows major savings of GHG emissions. An insulation thickness of 30 cm leads to GHG emission savings of 8% against a thickness of just 12 cm, while total cost savings (LCC) remain negligible. The introduction of a carbon tax of up to 250 €/t-CO2-eq. does not necessarily result in a reduction of GHG emissions due to increased costs of construction. It was further found that the focus of legal building regulations on heating demand is sufficient for now but needs to be revised as carbon intensities continue to decrease. The heating then reduces its share of the GHG emissions from 85 to 55% for typical residential buildings. The paper closes with a general expression of the lifecycle costs of a building which is dependent on the factors above.
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BASIŃSKA, Małgorzata, and Halina KOCZYK. "ANALYSIS OF THE POSSIBILITIES TO ACHIEVE THE LOW ENERGY RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS STANDARDS." Technological and Economic Development of Economy 22, no. 6 (November 23, 2016): 830–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/20294913.2016.1211563.
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The article applies the global costs calculation method to the energy assessment of selected solutions for the technical equipping of buildings, dependant on their purpose and function. Representative archetypes, the life span of which were assumed to be 30-years, were used to estimate the performance of the minimum requirements according to the building regulations valid in 2013, current general standards, as well as low energy building and passive house standards. The subjects of the analysis were three residential buildings, for which the variability of the cladding and ventilation needs was assumed. In all analysed cases the application of four systems of energy supply to the building was also assumed. The optimal level of primary energy index value, dependant on the source of heat, was established by means of the global cost method. This level was then compared with the requirements presently valid in Poland. The analysis also allowed for the determination of the growth in investment costs, that must be considered in order to achieve the energy needed for heating and ventilation at the level of 40 kWh/m2/a or 15 kWh/m2/a. The analysis presents a comparison of the subsidized loans for energy-efficient houses offered by the Polish Government.
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Huang, Qiyun, Junwu Wang, Mengwei Ye, Shiman Zhao, and Xiang Si. "A Study on the Incentive Policy of China’s Prefabricated Residential Buildings Based on Evolutionary Game Theory." Sustainability 14, no. 3 (February 8, 2022): 1926. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14031926.
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With prefabricated construction method deemed as an effective way to improve the environmental performance and sustainable development of the building industry, it is inevitably adopted in the scaled residence in the process of residential industrialization. However, the development of prefabricated residential buildings is still immature under the current market economy system, because the stakeholders involved in the process are not yet able to form a good cooperation mechanism and they are more inclined to keep their own interests. As a result, the market share of prefabricated residential buildings is relatively low. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct research on the stakeholders involved. By analyzing their costs and benefits, the reasons that really impede the population of prefabricated residential buildings can be found. In this paper, incremental cost allocation coefficient is introduced, the incremental cost difference under different assembly rates is considered, and the allocation ratio of the incremental cost input of the prefabricated building is analyzed based on game theory. The evolutionary game theory for government and real estate companies is established under the condition of bounded rationality with consumer participation. Then the effectiveness of the game theory is verified using empirical analysis, so as to provide reference for the authorities to promote the large-scale development of prefabricated residential buildings.
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Suasira, I. Wayan, I. Wayan Intara, I. Ketut Sutapa, I. Made Anom Santiana, I. Gede Sastra Wibawa, and I. Made Tapa Yasa. "Structure analysis of building functions transition on the earthquake area five reviewed from costs and time schedule." International research journal of engineering, IT & scientific research 8, no. 1 (January 13, 2022): 7–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.21744/irjeis.v8n1.2039.
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The purpose of this study is to determine the dimensions and reinforcement of structure, cost, and schedule due to the transition structure of the building function. The structural transition of building functions is carried out in the earthquake area five with the classification of soft and hard soils. The building used as a research model is a 3-story residence on Nuansa Utama Selatan Street number 3, Jimbaran, Bali. The planning of this building will be converted into office buildings and shophouse on the 2nd and 3rd floors functioning as a warehouse in the earthquake area five in Bali with the classification of soft and hard soil that will be analyzed using SAP 2000 program so that the structural dimensions are used as a reference in the creation of costs, and schedule obtained using Microsoft Project program. The analysis of structure shows that the structure of a residential house on hard soil has the dimensions and reinforcement of the smallest structure. The ratio of structural reinforcement in the transition of structure functions from residential house to office on hard soil by 1.32% with the lowest structure cost ratio by 1.80% and schedule of the structure by 3.80%.
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X. L.Zhu and H. Zhang. "Control Management of Construction Cost of Prefabricated Residential Buildings." Electronic Journal of Structural Engineering 18, no. 2 (June 1, 2018): 109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.56748/ejse.182702.
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The acceleration of construction of cities and towns motivates the development of the construction industry. Prefabricated residential building is extensively concerned by the public for its small damages to the surrounding environment and high quality. In this study, different construction stages of the prefabricated residential building were analyzed, and factors influencing the construction cost in different stages were discussed. The construction technique, speed, civil work cost and environmental benefits were compared between the traditional concrete building and the prefabricated residential building. Moreover the differences of costs in different stages were compared in a real case. Several effective measures for controlling construction cost were put forward. The results demonstrated that the cost of the prefabricated residential building was much lower than that of the traditional concrete building. The suggestions for reducing construction cost can provide a reference for similar projects.
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Zarian, Hesamoddin, and محمد تحصیلدوست. "The Relation between Building Height and Construction Costs in 1 to 50- Storey Residential Buildings." Sofeh Journal 29, no. 1 (March 21, 2019): 35–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.29252/soffeh.29.1.35.
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Rodrigues, Fernanda, Raquel Matot, Aníbal Costa, Alíce Tavares, Jorge Fonseca, and Ana Alves. "Conservation Level Assessment Application to a heritage building." MATEC Web of Conferences 279 (2019): 01002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201927901002.
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An evaluation methodology to estimate the envelope’s degradation level (DL) was developed being after object of adjustment and improvement. The methodology is based on visual survey and in the application of the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) method allied to evaluation scales, aiming to achieve building condition assessment and prioritizing refurbishment interventions. In Portugal, the high buildings number needing refurbishment justified the evolution and improvement of the original methodology of state of conservation assessment of residential buildings at controlled costs. This methodology firstly developed and applied for residential buildings was based on an evaluation scale of eight levels, which was after adjusted to five levels. This simplification aims an easier application of this methodology and provides users with a clear understanding of his features. A summarised evolution of this methodology will be depicted in this paper and will be applied to a heritage building located in the city of Oporto, in Portugal. Beyond the evolution of this buildings conservation assessment methodology, this paper aims to show its usefulness for heritage buildings condition assessment, through the application to a case study.
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Shi, Zhi Gang, and Zhuo Li. "Thermoeconomic Optimization of a Seawater Source Heat Pump System for Residential Buildings." Advanced Materials Research 354-355 (October 2011): 794–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.354-355.794.
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A seawater source heat pump (SWHP) system offer an attractive option for heating and cooling residential and commercial buildings owing to their higher energy efficiency compared with conventional systems. A thermoeconomic model was developed for analysis and optimization of SWHP with residential building. The thermodynamic and thermoeconomic optimum result for SWHP in the Qingdao, china, weather conditions were obtained using MATLAB optimization toolbox. The thermoeconomic optimization results show exergy loss and EER increasing by 22.7% and 13.9% respectively, but annual production costs reduce by 29.1%.
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Ruan, Lian Fa, and Chang Quan Gu. "Analysis of Factors Affecting Green Residential Building Costs Based on Fuzzy Factor Analysis Model." Applied Mechanics and Materials 178-181 (May 2012): 12–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.178-181.12.
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Forty-seven influential factors of green residential costs were identified in this study, and then four categories of respondents estimated their influential degrees through a questionnaire survey. In order to analyze these factors more accurately, a fuzzy factor analysis model (FFAM) was proposed while the classical one has often been affected by interference information. After calculating fuzzy eigenvalues, fuzzy correlation cofficients and factor loadings matrix in the model, eight different common factors were extracted. Finally, the author put forward several effective measures for controlling green residential costs based on these common factors.
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Kundziņa, A., I. Geipele, S. Lapuke, and M. Auders. "Energy Performance Aspects of Non-Residential Buildings in Latvia." Latvian Journal of Physics and Technical Sciences 59, no. 6 (December 1, 2022): 30–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/lpts-2022-0045.
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Abstract Increase of energy efficiency is Latvia’s national priority and policy instrument that allows reducing consumption of energy and costs, increasing the safety level of energy supply and reducing dependence on import. One of the trends for reducing energy consumption is to increase energy performance of buildings. In compliance with the EU and Latvian political statements, it is required to promote renovation of residential and non-residential buildings. Studies regarding energy performance aspects in the sector of non-residential buildings in Latvia are comparatively rare; however, non-residential buildings form a considerable part of the building stock, and the increase of their energy performance can bring a significant contribution in achieving the national targets. The research analyses the sector of non-residential buildings, their characteristic statistical data, energy consumption and requirements of energy performance standards. To characterise this sector more comprehensively, information on energy performance certificates of buildings issued during the period from 2016 to 2021 has been evaluated, allowing to make general conclusions on the energy performance level of different non-residential buildings and provide proposals for trends to increase their energy efficiency.
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Clevenger, Caroline M., Moatassem Abdallah, and Jayapradha Madhavan. "ANALYZING TAX CREDITS FOR RESIDENTIAL ENERGY EFFICIENCY USING ENERGY MODELING." Journal of Green Building 13, no. 1 (January 2018): 83–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/1943-4618.13.1.83.
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From roughly 2013 to 2016, ten building product categories related to residential energy efficiency were eligible for United States ENERGY STAR Federal Tax Credits. In general, the objective of residential energy-efficiency tax credits is to encourage individuals to increase residential energy-efficiency investments and invest in properties that generate renewable energy. This research analyses eight of the available tax credit categories for four climatic zones and recommends packages based on low Life Cycle Cost and low First Cost for the eligible ENERGY STAR products. An experiment was conducted using energy modeling software for different tax credits and costs combinations, to explore potential variability in economic impact of the federal program. Analysis used Building America B10 Benchmark as a reference, and the energy computations were completed using Building Energy Optimization (BEopt) software. Results suggest that ENERGY STAR product packages that include PV systems generally have the lowest (best) Life Cycle Costs and packages that include Geothermal Heat Pumps generally have the highest (worst) Life Cycle Costs. However, there are tradeoffs between cost savings and energy source savings, and the particular economics of tax incentives for ENERGY STAR products depend on project specifics as well as owner priorities.
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Basińska, Małgorzata, Halina Koczyk, and Aleksandra Błotnicka-Smyk. "Assessment of thermo-modernization in a multifamily building." E3S Web of Conferences 49 (2018): 00004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184900004.
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This paper presents an evaluation of thermo-modernisation improvements applied over the years in the multi-family residential building. Those improvements have included the civil and mechanical activities. The civil activities were as follows: the application of the thermal insulation on the external walls and replacement of the windows. The mechanical activities were mainly focused on an adjustment of the heating system to the new reduced heating demands of the building. The heating system in the building was modified - the radiators were replaced with the new ones, the heating central unit was modernised. Moreover the local gas water heaters were eliminated. Then the building’s energy performance characteristics, prepared according to the valid Polish methodology, were compared with the real consumption. It was found that after the application of thermo-modifications the heating demand was reduced, twice. The economy efficiency of the thermo-modernisation was evaluated by means of a method of the annual costs. The annual costs include the heating system exploitation costs, DHW preparation system and the auxiliary devices electricity costs.
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Hall, Monika, and Achim Geissler. "Comparison of flexibility factors for a residential building." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2042, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2042/1/012036.
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Abstract Buildings that are able to shift their loads without comfort restraints are important for the ongoing transformation of the power supply. This flexibility potential can be expressed in flexibility factors. The usefulness of four factors is investigated based on load control for the heat pump of a small apartment building according to electricity prices (high/low tariffs, spot market prices), CO2eq emissions share in the grid and a restricted operation period during daytime. The calculation methodology of the presented flexibility factors GSC, RIP, FF and FI is very different. RIP and FF are preferable because they have defined valid ranges which makes them easier to understand. Current electricity prices force the heat pump operation mainly into the night. The optimization of CO2eq emissions encourages operation mainly during the day. The optimization goals costs or CO2eq emissions thus lead to opposing heat pump operation times and can currently therefore not both be met simultaneously.
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Kania, Gabriela, Klaudia Kwiecień, Mateusz Malinowski, and Maciej Gliniak. "Analyses of the Life Cycles and Social Costs of CO2 Emissions of Single-Family Residential Buildings: A Case Study in Poland." Sustainability 13, no. 11 (May 30, 2021): 6164. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13116164.
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Comprehensive environmental impact assessments of buildings and construction as a whole consider the preparation of construction and finishing materials, their transportation, the process of erecting buildings, long-term operations—including the consumption of electricity, water, and fuels—and the management of the waste generated during the demolition of facilities. In terms of the above-mentioned elements, the most negative environmental impact on a building’s life cycle is in its exploitation stage. In order to reduce this impact, modern sustainable construction uses renewable energy sources. In the area of the Polish building market, analyses of CO2 emissions, the application of LCAs for building materials, and assessments of the social impacts of modern buildings are still very limited. The aim of this study is to evaluate the environmental life cycles and social costs of the CO2 emissions of single-family residential buildings, in which four different systems providing energy (heat and electricity) from renewable and nonrenewable sources are used. In this research, it was found that the annual CO2 emissions per square meter of building surface area in the analyzed objects were in the range of 30 to 176 kg CO2. The greatest contributor to the environmental effects was energy consumption (58% to 90%). The CO2 analysis conducted showed that facilities that use a heat pump are characterized by an environmental effect that is six times lower than that of facilities that are powered by coal combustion and electricity from the network. Similarly, the social costs associated with CO2 emissions were significantly lower in the case of the use of renewable energy sources.
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He, Qiong, Md Uzzal Hossain, S. Thomas Ng, and Godfried L. Augenbroe. "Retrofitting High-Rise Residential Building in Cold and Severe Cold Zones of China—A Deterministic Decision-Making Mechanism." Sustainability 12, no. 14 (July 20, 2020): 5831. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12145831.
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This study aimed to develop a deterministic decision-making mechanism for finding the optimum set of retrofit solutions of existing high-rise residential buildings in two different climatic zones of China. The retrofit solutions were critically examined with different energy saving targets based on the local climatic conditions, building features, and retrofit costs in cold and severe cold zones comparatively. By making the extensive review and analyzing considerable statistics data and cost information, net present value (NPV) method was employed in the prototype building apartments to develop this deterministic model. The results demonstrated that the heating system is the most important factor in saving energy and obtaining the optimum revenue in these two regions. The highest optimal NPV can be obtained by achieving 60% energy saving in the cold zone, as energy saving is around 319 kWh/m2/year with the total retrofit costs of USD $3560, while it is 281 kWh/m2/year with the total retrofit costs of USD $3480 to achieve the 50% energy-saving target in the severe cold zone. Based on the analysis of energy savings and retrofit costs, the results can be effectively implemented for the purpose of creating sustainable retrofits in existing buildings, and the model can be adapted for selecting appropriate retrofit choices in other climatic zones.
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Liu, Qinjun, Gui Ye, Yingbin Feng, Chaoyun Wang, and Yi Peng. "Case-based insights into rework costs of residential building projects in China." International Journal of Construction Management 20, no. 4 (September 24, 2018): 347–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15623599.2018.1484856.
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Khaleel, Mahmood. "Thermal Loads and Cost Reduction for a Residential House by Change Its Orientation and Add Roof Shading." Tikrit Journal of Engineering Sciences 27, no. 4 (October 2, 2020): 13–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjes.27.4.03.
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The Iraqi climate is characterized by high temperatures in summer that require a large capacity of air conditioning systems to meet the suitable climate conditions which they are appropriate for the comfortable conditions for human especially housing units. The demerits of these systems are the high-maintenance-cost as well as high electrical power consumption, whereas the last considers currently one of the major obstacles in Iraq. This research studies the influence of two significant factors to reduce the thermal loads of the building which leads to decrease the consumption of the energy. The Study of the effect for the building's direction to the falling angle of the sunlight during the daylight in addition to the probability of reducing the thermal load of the building, and studying the effect of shading the buildings' roofs with red tile to prevent the falling sunlight on the roofs using the design method cooling load temperature difference (Cooling Load Temperature Difference –CLTD-) to calculate the thermal loads of a building designed according to the modern Iraqi design Located in Baghdad. The results explained a decrease in the thermal load through external walls by (12.32%) when directing the building to the direction West (W) compared to the South-West (SW) trend, while the thermal load through the glass decreased by 24.9% when directing the building to the North (N )direction with a trend of South-West (SW) as well as a decrease of 8.5% for the total thermal load of the building when directing the building to the direction North (N) compared to other trends and when shading the roof with a material preventing the sun reduces the rate of thermal load of the roof by 55% compared to the exposed roof. The study also shows in terms of the costs per building provides about (108787 ID / Day) of the supported governmental costs whereas the non-governmental cost is about (55987 ID / Day).
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Mancò, Giulia, Elisa Guelpa, and Vittorio Verda. "Optimal Integration of Renewable Sources and Latent Heat Storages for Residential Application." Energies 14, no. 17 (September 4, 2021): 5528. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14175528.
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Given the large amount of energy required in the building sector, an interesting opportunity to reach future sustainable energy systems is the path towards low energy buildings. This work proposes an approach for optimally integrating building-scale energy technologies (both traditional and renewable) to enhance the transformation of the existing buildings (often energetically inefficient) in low-carbon systems. The approach promotes a transition sustainable from both the economic and environmental perspectives. Both operation and design optimization are considered with the aim of suggesting the best set of capacity of the technologies to be installed taking into account the expected operations. The building-scale technologies are integrated with proper storage units: Li-ion batteries and thermal storage (latent heat, that requires low installation space). As a dispatchable renewable technology, a biogas small-scale combined heat and power unit is included in the system. Once the key role played by this component in meeting the loads is proved, an analysis of the impact of the cost of the primary energy carrier of this technology on the system design is carried out. Two optimization approaches have been adopted (both based on non-linear programming). Results show that operation costs can be reduced by up to 29%. The adoption of a combined approach that takes into account both operation and design optimization lead to a reduction in installation and operating costs by up to 27%. In the analyzed cases, the use of the combined optimization confirms that latent heat storage is more suitable to be installed than electric storage (about −4.5% cost).
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Oleinik, Pavel, Tatyana Kuzmina, Stefan Shvedov, Yuri Shesterikov, and Igor Pavlov. "Optimization of parameters for the construction of prefabricated residential buildings." E3S Web of Conferences 110 (2019): 01060. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911001060.
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The development of prefabricated residential buildings construction is regarded. Organizational and technological features of building construction are disclosed. An approach to determine the period of the construction of buildings, taking into account serviceability is given. This serviceability is expressed in terms of the consolidation of prefabricated elements, using the example of the standard series of residential buildings (KOPE, I-155). The calculation formulas for determining the period of construction of substructure and superstructure are specified. The period depends on the average daily number of erected prefabricated parts. The resultant dependence between the period of the erection of prefabricated elements and the number of erected storeys is substantiated. The proposed optimization methods will reduce energy costs and make the construction process less energy intensive.
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López-Ochoa, Luis M., Jesús Las-Heras-Casas, Luis M. López-González, and César García-Lozano. "Energy Renovation of Residential Buildings in Cold Mediterranean Zones Using Optimized Thermal Envelope Insulation Thicknesses: The Case of Spain." Sustainability 12, no. 6 (March 14, 2020): 2287. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12062287.
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The residential sector of the European Union consumes 27% of the final energy of the European Union, and approximately two-thirds of the existing dwellings in the European Union were built before 1980. For this reason, the European Union aims to transform the existing residential building stock into nearly zero-energy buildings by 2050 through energy renovation. The most effective method to achieve this goal is to increase the thermal insulation of opaque elements of the thermal envelope. This study aims to assess the energy, environmental and economic impacts of the energy renovation of the thermal envelopes that are typical of the existing multi-family buildings of the 26 provincial capitals in the cold climate zones of Spain. To achieve this goal, the insulation thickness to be added to the walls, roof and first floor framework is optimized by a life cycle cost analysis, and the existing building openings are replaced, thus minimizing both the total heating costs and the total heating and cooling costs. The study uses four thermal insulation materials for four different heating and cooling systems in 10 different models. The results obtained will be used to propose energy renovation solutions to achieve nearly zero-energy buildings both in Spain and in similar Mediterranean climate zones.
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Kanteraki, Alkistis E., Grigorios L. Kyriakopoulos, Miltiadis Zamparas, Vasilis C. Kapsalis, Sofoklis S. Makridis, and Giouli Mihalakakou. "Investigating Thermal Performance of Residential Buildings in Marmari Region, South Evia, Greece." Challenges 11, no. 1 (February 26, 2020): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/challe11010005.
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In recent decades, the steady increase of energy consumption from building construction and operations cause atmospheric pollution and significant financial burden, mainly due to the high costs imposed from energy production. This study examines ways under which modern designs of a building can be applied on construction and domestication while following conventional methods of construction, compared to a building that has been constructed and domesticated under bioclimatic architecture. Particularly, two buildings were investigated in terms of the energy consumption incurred, being built on the same seaside area and period of construction and at adjacent plots of the same distance from sea for ease of comparison. The first building (A1) was constructed under the principles of bioclimatic architecture, being also facilitated with green and smart technologies. The second building (A2) was constructed under conventional construction techniques. The energy efficiency of both buildings was calculated by the “TEE KENAK” software, while specific parameters were recorded. Energy classifications of both buildings were valued and a proposed scenario and interventions unveiled the energy classification upgrading from A2 to A1. Our analysis revealed, as also found in the literature, that during thermal energy oscillating conditions, corresponding relative humidity stresses were observed, indicating that the vapor pressure handling should be taken into account towards comfort. The preliminary incremental cost evaluation and comparison of A1 and A2 energy upgrading under the criterion of simple payback period were critically discussed.
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Meira, Alexsandra Rocha, Maisa Beatriz Fausto Silva, and Marina Sarmento Braga Ramalho De Figueiredo. "Estudo histórico dos custos correntes gerados em um condomínio residencial da cidade de João Pessoa." Revista Principia - Divulgação Científica e Tecnológica do IFPB 1, no. 37 (December 21, 2017): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.18265/1517-03062015v1n37p92-101.
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<p>Building Life cycle is composed of several stages, however, the longest one is the use. At this stage there are activities related to maintenance and operation of the building and their respective costs, also known as running costs. This article was carried out on this subject, having a vertical residential building as a case study. It shows the historical survey of current costs incurred in the common areas of a building. After choosing the case study, visits and observations were made in loco, with the purpose of characterizing the place. . Subsequently, the data necessary for the study were collected. These data, covering the period of six years, formed the study database. All analyses were conducted using statistical software. The results show that the largest amounts spent in the building are related to general costs, including utility costs, administrative and personnel expenses. Constructive maintenance costs are not representative in total local expenditures.</p>
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Khakurel, Shreedhar, Trevor Z. Yeow, Frankie Chen, Zam Wang, Sandip K. Saha, and Rajesh P. Dhakal. "Development of cladding contribution functions for seismic loss estimation." Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering 52, no. 1 (March 31, 2019): 23–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.52.1.23-43.
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One method to rapidly estimate seismic losses during the structural design phase is to use contribution functions. These are relationships between expected losses (e.g. damage repair costs, downtime, and injury) for a wide range of building components (e.g. cladding, partitions, and ceilings) and the building’s response. This study aims to develop contribution functions for common types of cladding used in different types of buildings considering damage repair costs. In the first part of this study, a building survey was performed to identify types and quantity of cladding used in residential, commercial and industrial buildings in Christchurch, New Zealand; where it was found that the most common cladding types are glazing, masonry veneer, monolithic cladding and precast panels. The data collected during the survey was also used to develop cladding distribution (i.e. density) functions. The second step involved identifying fragility functions from relevant literature which are applicable to the cladding detailing used in New Zealand. The third step involved surveying consultants, suppliers and builders on typical repair/replacement cost. Finally, Monte Carlo simulations were performed to combine the cladding density function with the fragility functions and the repair cost for each type of cladding to derive contribution functions for various types of cladding and building usage. An example (case study) is provided to demonstrate its usage.
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Villasmil, Willy, Marcel Troxler, Reto Hendry, Philipp Schuetz, and Jörg Worlitschek. "Parametric Cost Optimization of Solar Systems with Seasonal Thermal Energy Storage for Buildings." E3S Web of Conferences 246 (2021): 03003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202124603003.
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In combination with seasonal thermal energy storage (STES), solar energy offers a vast potential for decarbonizing the residential heat supply. In this work, a parametric optimization is conducted to assess the potential of reducing the costs of water-based STES through the use of alternative thermal insulation materials and the integration of an underground storage outside the building. The investigated configurations include: a hot-water tank, a solar collector installation, and a multifamily building with a solar fraction of 100%. The storage is either integrated inside the building or buried underground in its direct vicinity. A simulation-based analysis shows that if the tank is integrated inside an existing building (as part of a retrofitting action) – where costs are primarily driven by the loss of living space – vacuum-insulation panels can lead to significant savings in living space and a cost advantage compared to the use of conventional glass wool. Nevertheless, storage integration inside an existing building is a more expensive option compared to an external integration due to the high costs associated to the internal building modification and loss of living space. Despite the high excavation costs and increased heat losses, the concept of burying the storage underground is a promising option to allow the integration of large-volume seasonal storage systems in new and existing buildings.