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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Residential building airtightness

Academic literature on the topic 'Residential building airtightness'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Residential building airtightness"

1

Klabis, Rokas, Violeta Motuzienė, and Rūta Mikučionienė. "ANALYSIS OF THE AIRTIGHTNESS MEASUREMENT IN SINGLE OR DOUBLE APARTMENT HOUSE." Mokslas - Lietuvos ateitis 13 (October 14, 2021): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mla.2021.15289.

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The mandatory energy performance certification of new buildings or buildings for sale has been introduced in all Member States in order to achieve European Union’s energy efficiency goals. The certification of buildings sets mandatory requirements for higher energy efficiency buildings’ level of airtightness. However, a bigger problem lies in existing older residential buildings, which are energy inefficient and do not require certification. The unused potential for energy savings observed here is related to the airtightness of single and double apartment residential buildings and energy efficiency related to airtightness of them. Therefore, this work analyses the airtightness of energy class D and lower buildings based on actual airtightness measurements and evaluates the possible energy saving potential associated with the application of airtightness measures based on the example of one inefficient single apartment building. The results show that increase of the airtightness in such buildings to 3 h–1 enables to reduce the energy costs related to the airtightness in Lithuania over a period of 10 years by 0.17 TWh per year.

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2

Klabis, Rokas, Violeta Motuzienė, and Rūta Mikučionienė. "ANALYSIS OF THE AIRTIGHTNESS MEASUREMENT IN SINGLE OR DOUBLE APARTMENT HOUSE." Mokslas - Lietuvos ateitis 13 (October 14, 2021): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mla.2021.15289.

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The mandatory energy performance certification of new buildings or buildings for sale has been introduced in all Member States in order to achieve European Union’s energy efficiency goals. The certification of buildings sets mandatory requirements for higher energy efficiency buildings’ level of airtightness. However, a bigger problem lies in existing older residential buildings, which are energy inefficient and do not require certification. The unused potential for energy savings observed here is related to the airtightness of single and double apartment residential buildings and energy efficiency related to airtightness of them. Therefore, this work analyses the airtightness of energy class D and lower buildings based on actual airtightness measurements and evaluates the possible energy saving potential associated with the application of airtightness measures based on the example of one inefficient single apartment building. The results show that increase of the airtightness in such buildings to 3 h–1 enables to reduce the energy costs related to the airtightness in Lithuania over a period of 10 years by 0.17 TWh per year.

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3

Taleb, Hanan M. "Experimental Assessment of Different Sealing Methods for Windows to Improve Building Airtightness in UAE Residential Buildings." Sustainability 14, no. 22 (November 9, 2022): 14760. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142214760.

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If infiltration is uncontrolled and admits unconditioned air, the results will be undesirable. Controlling this problem will increase thermal comfort and decrease energy consumption. The aim of this paper is to assess the performance of different materials used to improve airtightness, which will increase energy efficiency. This research primarily adopted an experimental approach. A typical residential building in UAE was chosen as a case study. Current airtightness status was measured using a blower door test and infrared technique. Six commonly used materials used for airtightness in UAE were identified and applied in different zones of the building envelope, including exterior walls, door and windows. The test was run before implementing airtightness strategies, following which they were applied for one year. Overall performance and energy reduction were monitored to identify how consumption fell by which method was the most efficient. The results indicate that energy was 3% when applying the 6 different airtightness strategies. The base case energy consumption was 64,287 kWh per year. The energy consumption then decreased after applying the sealants to 62,341 kWh per year. Future recommendations are made to enhance airtightness in residential buildings in a hot and arid climate.

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4

Man, Xiaoxin, Yanyu Lu, Guolei Li, Yanling Wang, and Jing Liu. "A study on the stack effect of a super high-rise residential building in a severe cold region in China." Indoor and Built Environment 29, no. 2 (June 19, 2019): 255–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1420326x19856045.

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A recent trend in China has seen super high-rise residential buildings spreading to severe cold regions. These buildings face tough challenges concerning building energy consumption and the thermal environment due to their stack effect. The stack effect is greatly influenced by air infiltration, but current guidance on component airtightness is often neither specific nor consistent for different buildings. This paper presents field measurements and numerical simulations of airtightness performance and stack pressure distribution for a a 106.7-m high-rise residential building in Harbin, Northeast China. An airtightness field test was performed using the fan pressurisation method, and measured values were utilised as the input data for predictions. The numerical analysis was implemented by applying CONTAMW, and the simulation results were compared to measurement data. The results demonstrated that the measured components were all leakier than the current standards allow. The greatest stack pressure difference on the ground floor reached 51.5 Pa, considered a severe stack effect. Furthermore, the influences of the location and airtightness of different staircase doorways on the stack effect were studied and analysed. This research assists in clarifying the significance of building airtightness in cold climates and in reducing the stack effect of high-rise buildings.

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5

Salehi, Atefeh, Isabel Torres, and Ana Ramos. "Experimental analysis of building airtightness in traditional residential Portuguese buildings." Energy and Buildings 151 (September 2017): 198–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2017.06.037.

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6

Miszczuk, Artur, and Dariusz Heim. "Parametric Study of Air Infiltration in Residential Buildings—The Effect of Local Conditions on Energy Demand." Energies 14, no. 1 (December 29, 2020): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14010127.

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Airtightness is nowadays one of the physical parameters which determine overall building energy performance. In a wide range of states, the upper limit for air change rate at a Pa (na), air permeability rate at a Pa (qa), or specific leakage rate at a Pa (wa) is determined by the formal regulations. It should be highlighted that airtightness requirements are mainly the same around the world, disregarding any site and climatic conditions. The main goal of the presented work was to reveal the effect of individual location and surrounding infiltration rate and heat demand. The analyses were done using numerical techniques and computational models of the three buildings developed and calibrated based on the blower door test results. The compared buildings characterize by a similar geometry but differ in the air change rate at 50 Pa (n50). Analyses done for different locations and levels of sheltering by surrounding elements allow the determination of the real effect of local conditions. The obtained differences in energy demand between two locations from the same climatic zone were from 70% to 90%, depending on the airtightness of the buildings. Considering different sheltered conditions, the differences for the same location can be even 200%. The obtained results allowed for the formulation of the general conclusion that building location and level of exposure could be considered in future airtightness regulations.

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7

Martín-Garín, Alexander, José Antonio Millán-García, Juan María Hidalgo-Betanzos, Rufino Javier Hernández-Minguillón, and Abderrahmane Baïri. "Airtightness Analysis of the Built Heritage–Field Measurements of Nineteenth Century Buildings through Blower Door Tests." Energies 13, no. 24 (December 20, 2020): 6727. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13246727.

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Airtightness is a major issue in architectural design and it has a significant impact on the energy performance of buildings. Moreover, the energy behaviour of built heritage is due, to its singular characteristics, still a great unknown. The aim of this study is to establish a better knowledge of the airtightness of historical buildings, based on an in depth field study using blower-door tests. A set of 37 enclosures were analyzed inside eight buildings located in historical areas of a Spanish city with a significant built heritage. They were constructed between 1882 and 1919 and include diverse construction typologies applied for many building uses such as residential, cultural, educational, administrative and emblematic. The results indicate lower values compared to other previous airtightness studies of historical buildings. The average air change rate was found to be n50 = 9.03 h−1 and the airtightness of the enclosures presented a wide range of between 0.68 and 37.12 h−1. Three main levels of airtightness were identified with two thirds of the tested samples belonging to the intermediate level between 3–20 h−1. To conclude, several correlations have been developed which provide a method to estimate air leakage and could serve as a basis for energy performance studies of these kinds of building.

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8

Mckeen and Liao. "The Influence of Building Airtightness on Airflow |in Stairwells." Buildings 9, no. 10 (September 24, 2019): 208. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings9100208.

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Airflow into stairwells due to stack effect is a concern affecting fire safety, energy performance, and indoor air quality. Stack effect in tall buildings can create significant pressure differentials in vertical shafts when differences in outdoor and indoor temperature exist. The pressure differentials drive air through openings or gaps in walls and floors. Vertical shafts, consisting of stairs and elevators, may transport significant volumes of air. During heating season, this results in the infiltration of cold air at lower floors and the exhaust of warm air on the upper floors. Correspondingly, it results in the spread of air and potential contaminants within the building. Stack effect driven airflow will change according to size and distribution of leakage paths. The size of leakage areas can be approximated by a cross-sectional area of an orifice that would allow equivalent flow. This leakage area is dependent on construction material, workmanship, and even operation, as openings from windows and doors equate to large orifices. A building’s composition of these leakage areas can greatly impact the effective area and airflow. The effect of openings from stairwell doors can change the Neutral Pressure Plane location (NPP), altering airflow patterns within a building. This paper investigates the influence of effective area on airflow within stairwells for multi-unit residential buildings (MURB) due to stack effect. A range of parameters reflective of industry standards are evaluated using network modeling and computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Parametric analysis is used to determine the sensitivity to which they affect airflow between building and stairwells. The effect of airflow within vertical shafts has consequences on indoor air quality (IAQ) and smoke spread, energy efficiency, and thermal comfort. The benefit of reducing leakage in buildings can be understood by comparing the quantity and patterns in airflow in and out of stairwells. Improving air tightness of the building envelope or vertical shafts can have a significant impact on airflow.

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9

Kowalski, Piotr, and Paweł Szałański. "Airtightness test of single-family building and calculation result of the energy need for heating in Polish conditions." E3S Web of Conferences 44 (2018): 00078. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184400078.

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The article presents results of air permeability measurements carried out for envelopes of two entire typical single-family residential buildings and separately for envelopes of garages and residential zones of these buildings. The effect of taking into account separate air permeability measurements of building zones on the calculation results of infiltration heat losses and on the energy need for heating is analysed. The calculation results obtained in this way are then compared to calculation results obtained in the case of air permeability measurements of the entire building envelope.

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10

Ji, Kyung-Hwan, Hyun-Kook Shin, Seungwoo Han, and Jae-Hun Jo. "A Statistical Approach for Predicting Airtightness in Residential Units of Reinforced Concrete Apartment Buildings in Korea." Energies 13, no. 14 (July 13, 2020): 3598. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13143598.

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In this study, a model equation is derived that uses a statistical analysis based on empirical models to predict the airtightness of reinforced concrete apartment buildings popular in Asian regions. Airtightness data from 486 units personally measured by the authors in the past eight years are used. As major variables used in the prediction model, two groups of variables are configured for the geometric components of the envelope, which is a major path of airflow in a building and is where air infiltration and leakage occur. The two groups of variables represent (1) the areas of the individual components forming the envelope and (2) the connection lengths between different components of the envelope. For the effective prediction of airtightness, correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were applied step by step in this study. The results of the correlation analysis indicated that the areas of the slab and the window are the area variables that present the greatest impact, whereas the perimeter length of the window is the connection length variable that presents the greatest impact. Using a multiple linear regression analysis method, airtightness prediction model equations can be derived, and it is found that the model with variables for area is able to predict airtightness more accurately compared to the two models derived from variables for connection length and all variables for area and connection length. Although the statistical approach in this study shows a limitation in that the prediction results may vary depending on the attributes and type of data collected by countries, the methodology and procedure in this study contribute to similar studies for making prediction models and finding the influence of variables in the future with high applicability and feasibility.

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Books on the topic "Residential building airtightness"

1

Karagiozis, Achilles N. Analysis of the hygrothermal behavior of residential high-rise building components. [Ottawa]: The Corporation, 1997.

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2

Cummings, James B. Uncontrolled air flow in non-residential buildings: Final report. Cocoa, Fla: Florida Solar Energy Center, 1996.

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3

Maloney, Jim. Advanced air sealing: Simple techniques for air leakage control in residential buildings. Eugene, OR: Iris Communications, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Residential building airtightness"

1

Spewak, Rob, and Chris Buzunis. "Impact of Pre– and Post–Whole Building Airtightness Testing on Multi-Unit Residential Buildings Undergoing Deep Retrofits." In Symposium on Whole Building Air Leakage: Testing and Building Performance Impacts, 71–86. 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959: ASTM International, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/stp161520180019.

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2

Zhou, Wenqian, Xiangli Li, and Lin Duanmu. "Fitting Analysis for Flow Coefficient Predictive Model of Residential Buildings with High Airtightness." In Environmental Science and Engineering, 649–57. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9528-4_66.

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Conference papers on the topic "Residential building airtightness"

1

Ibanez-Puy, Maria, and Jesus Alonso. "Airtightness in Spanish Residential Buildings. Case Study." In 2019 IEEE International Conference on Engineering, Technology and Innovation (ICE/ITMC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ice.2019.8792809.

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