Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Reserve economy'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Reserve economy.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Reserve economy.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Wang, Yunyi. "Does Wall Street Love Federal Reserve?" Scholarship @ Claremont, 2017. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1468.
Full textAbstract:
This paper uses Federal Funds Futures and the industry returns to analyze the Federal Reserve Policy's influence on Wall Street firms. According to the results, Wall Street produces high returns in response to the monetary policy when compared to other industries. While this positive response is consistent to both interest hikes and cuts, there exists significant cross-firm and cross-period variation. Besides, the result is robust to the alternative measure of event days and employment release.
2
Wilkinson, R. C. "Migration in Lesotho : A study of population movement in a labour reserve economy." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.353449.
Full text
3
Bengui, Julien. "Optimal monetary policy in a calibrated open-economy New-Keynesian model." St. Gallen, 2005. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/00640060001/$FILE/00640060001.pdf.
Full text
4
Mendoza, Bellido Waldo. "The Macroeconomics of Dirty Float In A Primary Export Economy: The Case of Peru." Economía, 2017. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/118129.
Full textAbstract:
The current Peruvian exchange regime is neither pegged nor free-floating. The Peruvian Central Bank sails against the wind in the exchange market, tending to buy dollars when the exchange rate falls, and tending to sell when the exchange rate rises. It is a dirty float regime. In this paper we present a simple macroeconomic model where the central bank fixes the interest rate and maintains a dirty floating exchange rate regime, assuming a small, open, and partiallydollarized economy that exports raw materials, faces imperfect capital mobility, and has a structural fiscal deficit limit as a rule for its fiscal policy. The predictions of the model are consistent with the rule of foreign exchange intervention by the Central Bank and the main stylized facts of the Peruvian economy since the decline in the international price of raw materials in late 2011: drastic fall in private investment, decline of GDP growth, rising nominal exchange rate and reduction of international reserves.El régimen de tipo de cambio en el Perú no es fijo ni flotante. El Banco Central de Reserva del Perú (BCRP) rema en contra de la corriente en el mercado cambiario. Tiende a comprar dólares cuando el tipo de cambio baja, y tiende a vender cuando el tipo de cambio sube. Es un esquema de flotación sucia. En este artículo se presenta un modelo macroeconómico sencillo donde el banco central fija la tasa de interés y mantiene un régimen cambiario de flotación sucia, en el contexto de una economía pequeña, abierta, parcialmente dolarizada, exportadora de materias primas, con movilidad imperfecta de capitales y una política fiscal que opera con un límite al déficit fiscal estructural. Las predicciones del modelo son consistentes con la regla de intervención del BCRP y los principales hechos estilizados de la economía peruana desde el inicio del descenso del precio internacional de las materias primas a fines de 2011: caída drástica de la inversión privada, descenso del crecimiento del PBI, alza del tipo de cambio nominal y reducción de las reservas internacionales.
5
Symons, Kate. "Trans-frontier conservation and the neoliberalisation of nature : the case of the Ponta do Ouro Partial Marine Reserve, Mozambique." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/29579.
Full textAbstract:
Trans-frontier conservation areas (TFCAs), large cross-border areas dedicated to biodiversity conservation, multi-national co-operation and development are expanding in southern Africa, fast becoming the dominant conservation solution in the region. TFCAs adopt a celebratory discourse of ecological, community, economic and political gains, while the reality is often far more complicated. This thesis situates the expansion of TFCAs within a critical political ecology approach, and argues that they represent a neoliberal solution to a complex series of development, environment and political challenges. Drawing on five and a half months of fieldwork to Mozambique along with policy and discourse analysis it examines the first marine reserve to be linked to a TFCA in Africa, the Ponta do Ouro Partial Marine Reserve (PPMR) in southern Mozambique. It makes three arguments: First, it argues that Mozambique’s embrace of TFCAs represents the neoliberalisation of conservation through novel tourism-based products, techniques of governance, creation of subject positions based on entrepreneurialism, and new arrangements of space. At the same time, the adoption of TFCAs also stems from Mozambique’s post-war politics, especially the ways in which elite state actors have sought to reconstruct and reorder the country through engagement with donors. Second, the thesis uses a combined governmentality and assemblage framework to explore how neoliberal conservation is made to cohere as a truth discourse, how it materially co-produces human and non-human life in the marine reserve, and how it is fragile, partial and contested. Third, it critiques the increasingly close relationship between the extractive and conservation sector at a policy, state and donor level, exploring how and why marine conservation is increasingly intertwined with Mozambique’s resources boom through its green economy discourse. Through these three points of engagement, the thesis contributes to debates around the intensifying relationship between extraction and conservation, Mozambique’s post-war development, and processes of neoliberalisation of nature.
6
Wintour, Timothy W. "The Buck Starts Here: The Federal Reserve and Monetary Politics from World War to Cold War, 1941-1951." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1383927017.
Full text
7
Kotenko, Diana G. "Prospective Reappointment and the Monetary Policy Preferences of the Federal Open Market Committee Members." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1246273422.
Full text
8
Solly, Hilary. ""Vous êtes grands, nous sommes petits": the implications of Bulu history, culture and economy for an Integrated Conservation and Development Project (ICDP) in the Dja Reserve, Cameroon." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211362.
Full text
9
Bowers, Matthew. "Does Decertification Work? Outcome Analysis of the National Football Leagues Negotiated Order (1986-2008)." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2011. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1350.
Full textAbstract:
For decades, union membership and activity has been declining in North America; employers have demanded greater flexibility and have successfully weakened workplace and worker protections. Modern workers increasingly use alternative strategies to negotiate conditions of employment with managers who have limited their discretionary power. Negotiated order theory provides a useful tool for analyzing the mesostructural arrangements of bargaining parties during labor disputes. This thesis applies negotiated order theory to explore how and why the National Football League (NFL) players have twice decertified their union and sought court intervention to challenge the legitimacy of the League's highly restrictive reserve system. An outcome-focused content analysis was designed as a preliminary investigation to ascertain why an alternative strategy was sought and if the strategy proved more effective in securing the players' preferred ends than conventional collective bargaining. The NFL case offers a fixed market from which to formulate a negotiation context of the interorganizational structures and bargaining interactions of its members.
10
Pozděchová, Lenka. "Měnová poltika americké centrální banky a její vliv na vývoj americké ekonomiky." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-76275.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this thesis is monetary policy of the Federal Reserve during the global financial crisis and its impact on the U.S. economy. Intensively carried out the financial crisis in 2007 - 2009. At that time, the Fed has created several tools to support liquidity of depository institutions and primary dealers, which are represented mainly by investment banks and other businesses, such as money market funds. The balance sheet of the central bank has fundamentally transformed. Securities accepted in open market operations have expanded and amount of the balance sheet has increased several times. Operations that change size of liabilities and composition of assets are called quantitative easing. After the interventions of the U.S. central bank the financial markets stabilized and Fed set aside some of the new tools. From December 2007 to June 2009 was the U.S. economy officially in recession. Since then has economic activity been growing but only very slowly.
11
Harvey, Craig L., and Charles W. Ryan. "The economic costs of reserve forces utilization." Monterey California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/10203.
Full textAbstract:
MBA Professional ReportThis project offers a model useful for estimating the social cost of U.S. Reserve Forces and National Guard employment alternatives in support of the Global War on Terrorism (GWOT). We consider two specific alternatives in this report: (1) the operational force (status quo) and (2) increasing Active Duty Force end strength and keeping Reserve Forces as a strategic reserve. We assume both alternatives are equal in effectiveness. Each alternative provides certain benefits and costs to American society. We also accept a budgetary cost estimate of $533 billion from the Congressional Budget Office's (CBO) Assistant Director for Budget Analysis. We then focus on the social costs of these alternatives. We conclude that the social cost of Alternative 1 exceeded Alternative 2 by nearly $50 billion from 2001 to 2006.
12
Morley, Philip Andrew. "Incorporating socio-economic criteria into marine reserve planning /." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 2002. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ENV/09envm8641.pdf.
Full text
13
Lightfoot, Russell Lee. "Federal Reserve behavior during the Great Depression." Thesis, This resource online, 1995. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-05092009-040502/.
Full text
14
Baptista, Felipe Derbli de Carvalho. "O Estado como investidor institucional: a disciplina jurídica de uma atuação estatal não interventiva na economia." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2014. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=7922.
Full textAbstract:
Em um contexto de demandas sociais tendencialmente crescentes, uma das alternativas para o aumento da arrecadação de receitas pelo Estado reside no manejo de aplicações financeiras. Os investimentos financeiros estatais, a rigor, já acontecem, mas nem sempre o objetivo claro e explícito de obtenção de resultados financeiramente interessantes e, eventualmente ou mesmo por isso , sob gestão economicamente ineficiente. Às vezes, até se enxerga o foco na obtenção de rendimentos relevantes na ação estatal, mas sem uma disciplina específica, o que pode abrir espaço a uma gestão de ativos desqualificada ou mesmo fraudulenta, com sérios prejuízos aos cofres públicos e, em situações extremas, ampliação ainda maior das despesas públicas. O objetivo desta tese, portanto, é reconhecer que nem sempre o Estado atua na economia com propósito interventivo e que, na qualidade de investidor institucional vale dizer, de ente que tem o dever de proceder aos investimentos e às aplicações financeiras que digam com as melhores práticas de administração dos ativos públicos , precisa atuar sob o jugo de normas jurídicas claras, que permitam ao Estado ampliar suas receitas dentro de limites razoáveis de exposição a risco financeiro e disponibilizem aos órgãos de fiscalização e controle da Administração Pública as ferramentas necessárias para, também quanto a esse aspecto, aferir a eficiência da ação estatal. Para tanto, têm-se como pressupostos o anacronismo da resistência cultural às aplicações financeiras dos entes da Administração Pública e a noção de que quaisquer ferramentas de obtenção de receitas pelo Estado estão sujeitas a algum grau de risco. Com base nas bem-sucedidas experiências nacionais e internacionais, será possível concluir, ao final, que é admissível, do ponto de vista constitucional e legal, a ação do Estado como investidor nos mercados financeiro e de capitais e que é viável a formulação de parâmetros gerais para a disciplina jurídica do Estado investidor.In a context of growing social demands, financial investments become one of the alternatives for the State to increase its revenues. State investments, as a matter of fact, already do happen, but not always with the clear and explicit objective of obtaining financially interesting earnings, often due economically inefficient management. Sometimes it is possible to see in government investments some focus on obtaining relevant income, but not under a specific regulation, which can lead to an unqualified or even fraudulent management that may cause serious damage to the exchequer and, in extreme situations, expansion of the government spending. Hence the intent of this thesis is to acknowledge that the State does not always act in the economy with regulatory purposes and that, as an institutional investor i.e., an organization which has the duty of making financial investments in accordance to the best practices in public asset management , it must be framed by clear legal rules, which should allow the State to maximize its revenues within reasonable limits of financial risk exposure and the oversight and control agencies to assess the State efficiency and compliance. It is assumed that the cultural resistance to state financial investments is anachronistic as well as every state means of obtaining revenues is subject to some level of financial risk. Based on well succeeded experiences in Brazil and abroad, it will be possible to conclude, in the end, that it is constitutionally and legally admissible that the State acts as an investor in financial and stock markets and that it is possible to suggest some standards on legal regulation for this issue.
15
Kleingeld, Wynand. "La geostatistique pour des variables discretes." Paris, ENMP, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987ENMP0064.
Full textAbstract:
On s'interesse au developpement des techniques d'estimation geostatistiques pour les gisements dans lesquels le minerai est reparti sous forme de particules discretes. Compte tenu de la taille habituelle des echantillons, la loi de distribution des particules peut etre extremement dissymetrique, et les lois particulieres elaborees pour ce type de gisements sent examinees dans cette these. La recherche a ete orientee vers l'estimation des reserves locales et globales, les techniques statistiques d'estimation des parametres, les calculs d'intervalle de confiance, l'estimation isofactorielle des lois bivariables, l'influence de l'effet de support et l'application de diverses techniques de krigeage
16
KAHN, MARCIO. "ECONOMIC AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE INDICATORS OF PETROLEUM RESERVES." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2002. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=2525@1.
Full textAbstract:
COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOREssa dissertação tem o objetivo de apresentar e aplicar uma metodologia de cálculo de indicadores de desempenho econômico e financeiro obtidos a partir das informações de reservas de empresas de exploração e produção de petróleo. Inicialmente é feita uma revisão bibliográfica de tópicos relevantes ao assunto. Em seguida, é apresentada a metodologia de cálculo dos indicadores de desempenho. Por fim, é desenvolvido um sistema de informações, Sistema de Avaliação Econômica e Financeira de Reservas (SAFER), capaz de auxiliar a Petrobras tanto na elaboração dos relatórios contábeis como na avaliação de desempenho econômico e financeiro das empresas do setor.
This thesis intends to present and apply a computation methodology of economic and financial performance indicators derived from the financial disclosures presented by the petroleum exploration and production companies concerning their reserves. A bibliography review on the main topics about the subjects is done. Then, the computation methodology of economic and financial performance indicators is presented. Last, an information system (Economic and Financial Reserves Evaluation System - SAFER) is proposed for helping Petrobras to prepare the accounting reports and to perform an economic and financial evaluation of the E&P companies.
17
Silva, Ângelo Henrique Lopes da. "Preço de reserva : divulgar ou não?" reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2010. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/9152.
Full textAbstract:
Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Departamento de Economia, 2010.Tese parcialmente liberada. Conteúdo: Resumo e abstract.
Submitted by Shayane Marques Zica (marquacizh@uol.com.br) on 2011-06-29T18:48:19Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2010_AngeloHenriqueLopesdaSilvaParcial.pdf: 40319 bytes, checksum: 11f8bca7230d1248528ffc4e95083dc7 (MD5)
Approved for entry into archive by Marília Freitas(marilia@bce.unb.br) on 2011-08-04T18:04:31Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2010_AngeloHenriqueLopesdaSilvaParcial.pdf: 40319 bytes, checksum: 11f8bca7230d1248528ffc4e95083dc7 (MD5)
Approved for entry into archive by Marília Freitas(marilia@bce.unb.br) on 2011-08-04T18:13:24Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2010_AngeloHenriqueLopesdaSilvaParcial.pdf: 40319 bytes, checksum: 11f8bca7230d1248528ffc4e95083dc7 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2011-08-04T18:13:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2010_AngeloHenriqueLopesdaSilvaParcial.pdf: 40319 bytes, checksum: 11f8bca7230d1248528ffc4e95083dc7 (MD5)
Esta tese busca responder em quais circunstâncias um leilão de primeiro preço deve ser realizado com preço de reserva anunciado, não secreto. Conclui-se que o mais provável é que leilões com preço de reserva anunciado resultem em maior receita esperada, especialmente, quando o valor do preço de reserva é conservadoramente reduzido. Nesta mesma linha, para a maioria das licitações, a melhor escolha da Administração Pública tende a ser um leilão com preço de reserva anunciado, pois, assim, o custo de aquisição será menor. Essas conclusões mais se fortalecem quanto maior for número de participantes no leilão. _________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT
In this thesis, we want to find the circunstances under which the reserve price in a first-price auction should or should not be announced. We show that an announced reserve price is likely to have greater expected revenue than a not announced one, specially when reserve price is low. For most public procurements, the best choice for the government is an auction with announced reserve price, since purchase cost will be lower. The results get stronger as the number of participants increases.
18
Albuquerque, Lucas André Marques Queiroz. "A política monetária do Federal Reserve (2001-2019) : uma visão austríaca." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/20684.
Full textAbstract:
Mestrado em Economia Internacional e Estudos EuropeusEste trabalho tem como objetivo descrever, segundo a Escola Austríaca de Economia, como os governos (sobretudo através dos bancos centrais) geram crises e enfraquecem a economia ao longo do tempo. O caso analisado é a política monetária do Federal Reserve (Fed) - banco central dos EUA - no período 2001-2019. Os economistas austríacos defendem que a taxa de juros é um fenómeno real que reflete a taxa de preferência temporal presente nos indivíduos. A interferência dos bancos centrais na taxa de juro provoca uma distorção na alocação de recursos e a maus investimentos (não sustentáveis) que eventualmente terão de ser liquidados por uma recessão, processo através do qual a alocação de recursos se alinha à real taxa de preferência temporal presente na sociedade. A análise da política monetária do Fed é dividida em dois períodos: 2001-2008 e 2008- 2019. No período 2001-2008 é demostrado como as intervenções do Fed na taxa de juro, provocaram a bolha imobiliária e a crise de 2008. No período 2008-2019 são demostradas as principais mudanças na política monetária do Fed e como este evitou uma recessão mais intensa ao manter a taxa de juros no patamar próximo a 0% (Zero Percent Interest Rate Policy - ZIRP) por um longo período e ao realizar QE (Quantitative Easing) e QL (Qualitative Easing), apreciando artificialmente os ativos financeiros. Porém, ao fazê-lo, enfraqueceu a economia, que passou a ser mais dependente de taxas de juro artificialmente baixas e mais vulnerável a crises de liquidez.
This thesis aims to describe, according to the Austrian School of Economics, how governments (mainly through central bank policies) generate crises and make the economy weaker over time. The case to be studied is the monetary policy of the Federal Reserve (Fed) - the US central bank - from 2001 to 2019. Austrian economists argue that the interest rate is a real phenomenon that reflects society's rate of time preference. Central banks' interference with interest rates creates a distortion of the allocation of resources and malinvestments (unsustainable) that eventually must be settled through a recession, a process through which the allocation of resources is aligned with the actual society's rate of time preference. The analysis of the Fed's monetary policy is divided into two periods: 2001-2008 and 2008-2019. In the section regarding the period 2001-2008, it is argued that the Fed's intervention with the interest rate caused the 2000?s housing bubble and the 2008 financial crisis. The section regarding the period 2008-2019 is dedicated to the Fed's monetary policy in response to the crisis and how it avoided a more severe recession by keeping interest rates barely above 0% (Zero Percent Interest Rate Policy - ZIRP) for a long period and doing QE (Quantitative Easing) and QL (Qualitative Easing), artificially appreciating financial assets. However, in so doing, it made the economy weaker, by making it more dependent on artificially low interest rates and more vulnerable to liquidity crises.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
19
Bocci, Corinne Frances. "The Economic Effects of Community Forest Management in the Maya Biosphere Reserve." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1562859893572782.
Full text
20
Tyl, Michal. "Marine Reserves: Do they bring net Benefits to Economies?" Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2007. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-1199.
Full textAbstract:
Although more than 1300 marine reserves have already been established around the world, they still present a relatively new tool for environmental conservation and fisheries management. In accordance with this new approach towards marine protection, conservationists currently call for rapid establishment of a reserve network, which would encompass 10% to 30% of the oceans. Representative habitats from coastal areas as well as high seas would be included. Such a network should serve as a haven for marine species, ensuring their sustainability and aiding them to recover from fishery pressure. Furthermore, reserves are expected to enhance yields to the fishing industry through spillover and larval export. The paper attempts to determine, whether and under which conditions do marine reserves bring net benefits to economies.
21
Jonna, R. "Toward a Political-Economic Sociology of Unemployment: Renewing the Classical Reserve Army Perspective." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/13340.
Full textAbstract:
The following study is concerned with the problems posed by contemporary unemployment--especially the U.S. but also globally to some extent. The most immediate problem is the dominance of neoclassical models, which routinely neglect the deeper issues raised by contemporary mass unemployment. To go beyond these inadequacies, the study also assesses the performance of sociological interpretations. One key finding is that sociological analyses also largely fail to provide a compelling theory of unemployment and, moreover, that most perspectives implicitly adopt problematic assumptions from neoclassical economics. This highlights the dual nature of the problems posed by unemployment: on one hand, it is an urgent social issue; and, on the other hand, it exemplifies significant weakness within most sociological paradigms.
In order to address the challenges posed by unemployment, the narrative centers on the resolution of three key anomalies of unemployment: 1) persistent unemployment; 2) so-called "jobless recoveries;" and 3) the rise of worker precariousness. The anomalies are taken as evidence of paradigmatic contradictions within neoclassical economics and, to some extent, sociology.
The main theoretical contribution of the study is a careful reconstruction of Marx's classical theory of the reserve army of labor (part of "The General Law of Accumulation"), which has inspired all critical sociological perspectives on labor markets to date. The investigation highlights distinctive characteristics of "political-economic sociology," a term that refers to economic sociologists who draw heavily on notions of class and power reminiscent of classical political economy and classical sociology, forming an important bridge with heterodox economic approaches.
The theory of the reserve army is in need of "renewal," however, because even political-economic sociologist have failed to carry the analysis forward and build upon the firm foundation provided by Marx. The study's conclusion is that the reserve army framework has enormous potential to strengthen existing work within political-economic sociology.
22
Badinger, Harald, and Barbara Dutzler. "Excess Reserves in the Eurosystem. An Economic and Legal Analysis." Forschungsinstitut für Europafragen, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2002. http://epub.wu.ac.at/220/1/document.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Estimates suggest that international reserves of the Eurosystem could be reduced by one third to half ($130-$170 bill.) of its existing level after the introduction of the Euro. While the ultimate decision, whether and how to use these excessive reserves (public debt repayment, financing of a fund, financing of a tax cut) is a political one, some general results can be stated: First, since reserves earn interest revenue, a large part of which is transferred to the government anyway, moderate (but still positive) economic gains can be expected from a reserve reduction. Second, reserve reductions exceeding a certain threshold require the ECB's approval, which could, however, only be rejected if the envisaged measures were inconsistent with the ECB's monetary and exchange rate policy. Given that unintended macroeconomic effects can easily be avoided by a carefully planned and coordinated reserve reduction, such a rejection by the ECB - which is subject to the review by the European Court of Justice - is only hard to justify. Equally important from a legal point of view is that reserve reductions, effected as transfer of an extraordinary gain to the government, do not constitute monetary financing as prohibited under Art. 101 EC Treaty. Finally, reducing reserves to an adequate level would also eliminate incompatibilities and conflicts of interest between monetary and investment policy by the central banks and reduce their field of operation to their core task: the conduct of monetary policy. Thus, a carefully planned and coordinated reserve reduction can be supported from both an economic as well as legal point of view.Series: EI Working Papers / Europainstitut
23
Caparica, Rodrigo Ferreira de Carvalho. "O papel dos fundos soberanos na economia mundial." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/6653.
Full textAbstract:
Submitted by Rodrigo Caparica (rodrigo.caparica@bancoprosper.com.br) on 2010-05-28T18:55:04Z
No. of bitstreams: 1
dissertacao_vf.pdf: 421392 bytes, checksum: f5ace49be1acad54a2d1ca7afc9c2b0d (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Vitor Souza(vitor.souza@fgv.br) on 2010-05-28T22:10:24Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao_vf.pdf: 421392 bytes, checksum: f5ace49be1acad54a2d1ca7afc9c2b0d (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2010-06-01T19:50:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao_vf.pdf: 421392 bytes, checksum: f5ace49be1acad54a2d1ca7afc9c2b0d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-04-12
This paper is a survey of the literature on Sovereign Wealth Funds, highlighting topics such as their origins, objectives, impacts of their investments, transparency and performance of this government instruments in the recent global financial crisis. It also examines the creation of the Brazilian¥s Sovereign Wealth Fund seeking to highlight their pros and cons. We emphasize the need to observe consistent surpluses in the Current Account to justify the creation of these instruments. The mere existence of substantial amounts of international reserves does not serve as a prerogative for its creation. The sustainability and volatility of the sources of foreign exchange should be examined. Still, we emphasize that the Sovereign Wealth Funds are government investment vehicles which relevance in the financial market does not justify the fears that can cause relevant imbalances, despite the criticism and questions about the lack of transparency in disclosing information about their investments.
Este trabalho faz uma resenha da literatura sobre Fundos Soberanos, destacando tópicos como suas origens, objetivos, impactos de seus investimentos, transparência e atuação destes instrumentos governamentais na recente crise financeira global. Analisa ainda a criação do Fundo Soberano Brasileiro buscando ressaltar seus prós e contras. Ressaltamos a necessidade de se observar superávits consistentes em Conta Corrente no Balanço de Pagamentos para justificar a constituição destes instrumentos. A simples existência de elevados volumes de reservas internacionais não serve como prerrogativa para sua criação, devendo-se analisar a sustentabilidade e volatilidade das fontes das divisas. Ainda, destacamos que os Fundos Soberanos são veículos de investimentos governamentais cuja relevância no mercado financeiro não justifica os temores que possam causar desequilíbrios relevantes, apesar das críticas e questionamentos em relação à falta de transparência na divulgação de informações acerca de seus investimentos.
24
Schnidman, Evan A. "Essays on Federal Reserve Bank Evolution, Transparency and Market Interaction." Thesis, Harvard University, 2013. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:11107.
Full textAbstract:
This three part dissertation begins by "Examining the Origin of Federal Reserve Independence." This paper explores early Fed history with a particular emphasis on the period between 1947 and 1953 in order to provide a complete political account of Fed Independence.Government
25
Pithers, Linda. "The use of South Africa's nature areas in the promotion of tourism and economic development." University of Western Cape, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7762.
Full textAbstract:
Magister Philosophiae - MPhilSouth Africa has developed an extensive network of parks, nature reserves and conservation areas, the stated purpose of which is to both promote and protect nature and, particularly in the case of state-owned resources, to harness the power of tourism in social and economic development. This study examines the impact on rural and urban communities of proclaimed 'nature areas' and related efforts by the state to grow the economic and developmental contribution of tourism in the regions concerned. Through interrogating this 'triangulation' of nature, tourism and local economic development the pattern of benefit distribution from the protection of nature areas is highlighted.
26
Moeller, Holly Villacorta. "On the economic optimality of marine reserves when fishing damages habitat." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/57574.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (S.M.)--Joint Program in Biological Oceanography (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Biology; and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution), 2010.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 125-127).
In this thesis, I expand a spatially-explicit bioeconomic fishery model to include the negative effects of fishing effort on habitat quality. I consider two forms of effort driven habitat damage: First, fishing effort may directly increase individual mortality rates. Second, fishing effort may increase competition between individuals, thereby increasing density-dependent mortality rates. I then optimize effort distribution and fish stock density according to three management cases: (1) a sole owner, with jurisdiction over the entire fishery, who seeks to maximize profit by optimizing effort distribution; (2) a manager with limited control of effort and stock distributions, who seeks to maximize tax revenue by setting the length of a single, central reserve and a uniform tax per unit effort outside it; and (3) a manager with even more limited enforcement power, who can only set a tax per unit effort everywhere in the habitat space. I demonstrate that the economic efficiency of reserves depends upon model parameterization. In particular, reserves are most likely to increase profit (or tax revenue) when density-dependent fish mortality rates are affected. Interestingly, for large habitats that are sufficiently sensitive to density-dependent fish mortality effects, reserve networks (alternating fished and unshed areas of fixed periodicity) emerge. These results suggest that spatial forms of management which include marine reserves may enable signicant economic gains over nonspatial management strategies, in addition to the well-established conservation benefits provided by closed areas.
by Holly Villacorta Moeller.
S.M.
27
Chan, Chi-yiu, and 陳志銚. "The application of insurance theory to power system operating reserve market." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3124399X.
Full text
28
Medina, Vassallo Renzo, Atusparia Carlos Pedro Mendoza, and Flores Santiago Rodolfo Ramos. "Análisis de los Repos como mecanismo de Generación de Liquidez del Banco Central de Reserva del Perú. Caso “Reactiva Perú”." Master's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/656848.
Full textAbstract:
En el marco de la pandemia producida por la Covid-19, los distintos Gobiernos reaccionaron con diferentes medidas sanitarias, sociales y económicas. El Estado peruano, dentro de sus políticas de reactivación económica crea el programa Reactiva Perú con el propósito de crear un fondo de inversión que permita a las diferentes empresas cubrir sus pérdidas. Gracias a este, un gran porcentaje del sector privado pudo acceder a esquemas de financiamiento a muy bajas tasas de interés. Este esquema responde a una política económica anticíclica con efectos positivos para la economía nacional. En este estudio, se analiza el uso por parte del Banco Central de Reserva del Perú de las operaciones repo para otorgar financiamiento como política anticíclica que frenaría los efectos económicos negativos producto de la pandemia durante el periodo 2020-2021. Para ello, se analiza en un primer momento cómo se ha implementado las operaciones repos de carteras de crédito con garantías del Gobierno a través del programa Reactiva Perú. Luego, se busca comparar el resultado de este programa con otros similares que se han aplicado en la región latinoamericana. Finalmente, se analiza cómo participa el sistema financiero actual en este programa. La principal conclusión a la que llega esta investigación es que sí existe una relación positiva entre esta política económica anticíclica y la recuperación macroeconómica peruana.Nowadays, within the framework of the Covid-19 pandemic, different governments reacted with different health, social and economic programs. As part of its economic reactivation policies, the Peruvian government created the Reactiva Perú program to create an investment fund to enable companies to cover their losses. Thanks to this, a large percentage of the private sector was able to access financing schemes at very low interest rates. This scheme responds to a counter cyclical economic policy with positive effects for the national economy. This study analyzes the use of repo operations by the Central Reserve Bank of Peru to grant financing as a countercyclical policy that would curb the negative economic effects of the pandemic during the period 2020-2021. To complete with this purpose, it is analyzed how repo operations of credit portfolios with government guarantees have been implemented through the Reactiva Peru program. Then, this paper seeks to compare the results of this program with other similar programs that have been applied in the Latin American region. Finally, it is analyzed how the current financial system participates in this program. The main conclusion reached by this paper is that there is a positive relationship between this countercyclical economic policy and Peru's macroeconomic recovery.
Trabajo de investigación
29
Werner, Wolfgang. ""No one will become rich" : economy and society in the Herero reserves in Namibia, 1915-1946 /." Basel : P. Schlettwein, 1998. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb388655627.
Full text
30
Silveira, Eriberto Nascente. "Educação e sustentabilidade: novos princípios para o mercado em uma reserva extrativista." Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10923/7744.
Full textAbstract:
Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-15T01:05:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
000476710-Texto+Completo-0.pdf: 963044 bytes, checksum: ecda3fcd2948cda0db8625591c0add3e (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2013The research seeks to analyse the relationship between the market in the way it presents itself today and the new principles of consumption, from a movement known as Slow Food. This study proceeds in order to show how, in both cases, the market organized by liberal capitalist logic and the market for green products, based on sustainable principles, are in an action strategy for the insertion and recovery of products in local markets. It must be considered, in relation to action strategies that, although the market receives criticism from liberal political-economic and ecological aspect, it also structured through the discourse of sustainability, which is already constituted as a fact in the early years of the 1970s, establishing itself from the Meadows Report and the term "eco-development". Thus, some key concepts will be exposed to a better understanding of what this research suggests. One is the concept of sustainability, much touted by economic policy today. It will be seen how much there is in this ideological concept and at the same time, in a less radical line of thinking, as it can lead to solutions more or less urgent problems, specifically when dealing with environmental issues and natural resource. However, it is an indication that, even so, such a sustainable approach of the economy always rests with the weakest and poorest and with the most severe charges for them. From this, seeking a new meaning to the concept sustainable will show how the Slow Food movement acts and at this way will be defended a market for green products different from the liberal, regulated and sustainable market, that most of the times it is just a slogan, since the chain of production based on sustainable principles has all its steps supported by the same principles.
Esta pesquisa busca analisar a relação entre o mercado, na forma como ele se apresenta na atualidade, e os novos princípios de consumo, partindo de um movimento conhecido como Slow Food. Esse estudo procede no sentido de mostrar como, nos dois casos, o mercado organizado pela lógica liberal capitalista e o mercado de produtos ecológicos, baseado em princípios sustentáveis, encontram-se numa estratégia de ação para a inserção e valorização de produtos em mercados locais. Deve-se considerar, aqui, no que diz respeito às estratégias de ação, que, embora o mercado liberal receba críticas da vertente político-econômica ecológica, ele também estrutura-se por meio do discurso da sustentabilidade, o que já se constituía como fato nos primeiros anos da década de 1970, consolidando-se a partir do Relatório Meadows e do termo “ecodesenvolvimento”. Assim, alguns conceitos-chave serão expostos para um melhor entendimento acerca do que propõe essa pesquisa. Um deles é o conceito de sustentabilidade, muito apregoado pela política econômica na atualidade. Veremos o quanto de ideológico há nesse conceito e, ao mesmo tempo, em uma linha de pensamento menos radical, como ele pode levar a soluções de problemas mais ou menos urgentes, ao se tratar especificamente de questões ambientais e reservas de recursos naturais. Contudo, fica o indício de que, mesmo assim, tal abordagem sustentável da economia recai sempre sobre os mais fracos e pobres com as imposições mais severas para eles. A partir disso, buscando um novo significado ao conceito sustentável, passar-se-á a mostrar como o movimento Slow Food atua e, assim, será defendido um mercado de produtos ecológicos diferenciado do mercado liberal, regulado e dito sustentável, que, muitas vezes, apenas é um slogan, uma vez que a cadeia de produção baseada em princípios sustentáveis não tem todas as suas etapas amparadas pelos mesmos princípios.
31
Spiegel, Jerry M. "The social and economic impacts of environmental degradation on a northern Ontario Indian reserve community /." Thesis, McGill University, 1986. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=65341.
Full text
32
Brown, Michelle Helyn 1958. "An exploratory study of the socio-economic aspects to reserve designation for Volcan Antisana, Ecuador." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/565540.
Full text
33
Mashale, Modise Christopher. "Evaluation of the public-private partnership in the Lekgalameetse Nature Reserve : Maruleng Municipality in the Limpopo Province." Thesis, University of Limpopo, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/1832.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M. Dev.) -- University of Limpopo, 2014The aim of the study was to examine the public private partnership in Lekgalammetse Nature Reserve, which was championed by the Limpopo Tourism Agency under the banner of Limpopo Economic Development Environment and Tourism Department after the protected land was placed under restitution process. The purpose of the study was to evaluate whether the partnership which was created has the capacity to enhance the socio-economic development of the claimants and the adjacent communities in the area where the nature reserve is situated. Land restitution process in case of an area declared protected area by law; says that there will not be physical occupation by the claimants in terms of section 42 of the Land Restitution Act. Therefore the only way that the claimants can benefit from the land, is to become land owners and partner in terms of activities that take place in the protected area for social and economic benefits. A public private partnership was recognised as a potential vehicle for social, economical and environmental well being of both parties. However the developmental prospects of the partnership were unknown and overestimated. Views from the study as well as the literature review support the assertions that in this type of land claim, a public private partnership is the best way to go about developing the claimants and the adjacent communities. The review also highlighted the importance of a partnership in a protected area and its benefits, especially in developing the adjacent communities. Thus the role of the community in participating in their development and of the protected area was the main focus of this study. The study collected both qualitative and quantitative data using interviews and a questionnaire. The study concluded by providing recommendations to stakeholders of Lekgalameetse Nature Reserve on how to improve their partnership relations. Some of the recommendations proposed are to involve a private partner to enhance development in the area; there should be provided with a coordinated and proper management, develop a capacity building tool to improve the co-management function and create an environment where all partners are equal in the partnership. The correct implementation of the Performance Management System will serve as a means to enhance organizational efficiency, effectiveness and accountability in the use of resources in accelerating access to good quality services and a better life for all. A well balanced partnership has a potential to increase community benefits and maximize the conservation of the biodiversity of the area.
34
Oliveira, Jackeline Gomes de, Valmor 1963 Schiochet, and Universidade Regional de Blumenau Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento Regional. "Identidade e territorialidade :características organizativas da Reserva Extrativista Chico Mendes /." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações FURB, 2011. http://www.bc.furb.br/docs/DS/2011/348189_1_1.pdf.
Full text
35
Karfakis, C. J. "An evaluation of monetary, exchange rate and reserve policies in Greece using time-series methods." Thesis, University of Essex, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.383396.
Full text
36
Markwith, James Q. "Did the Founding of the United States Federal Reserve Impact the Financial Markets of the United Kingdom?" Scholarship @ Claremont, 2016. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1353.
Full textAbstract:
This paper examines U.K financial metric data to determine whether or not the founding of the Federal Reserve had real economic effects on the U.K financial markets. To measure for real effects I use a composite stock price index collected from a variety of industries. I develop the theory using empirical conclusions from past studies on the Federal Reserve and its impact on U.S financial markets to direct my examination of the U.K markets. Although the U.K data shows that the founding of the Federal Reserve influenced short-term interest rates, the analysis does not find real effects on U.K stock prices and long-term interest rates.
37
Gunawardena, U. A. D. P. "Economic evaluation of conservation benefits : a case study of Sinharaja Rain Forest Reserve in Sri Lanka." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.651873.
Full textAbstract:
Rapid degradation of forest due to direct exploitation and conversion into other land uses is the major problem faced by the forestry sector of Sri Lanka. The negligence of the economics of environmental aspects is one of the major reasons for this problem. The timber value has widely been recognised as the only value held by forests, while many goods and services provided by forests are not being identified, quantified or valued. Conservation values of forests have not been evaluated either at local or global levels resulting in under-investment in conservation. Therefore, the valuing of yet unrecognised values and incorporating them in decision making have been identified as priority needs. In order to reach this goal, an economic evaluation was carried out for the conservation project of Sinharaja Rain Forest Reserve in Sri Lanka. The main objectives were to calculate the total economic value of the forest, recognise the variability patterns of use and nonuse values with the location, and compare nonuse values held by Sri Lankans and UK citizens for this particular rain forest. A contingent valuation survey was carried out to estimate willingness to pay for the use and non-use benefits of the forest using three samples of people (urban and rural areas distant to the forest and peripheral villages to the forest) in Sri Lanka and a group of respondents from UK. The quantification of use values of villagers was done by a survey of village respondents. The resultant willingness to pay estimates were consistent with the theory. When expressed as a percentage of income, clear differences were evident among the four samples for use and non-use values. On average, local villagers were willing to bid proportionately high percentage of their income to preserve the forest for future generations. This figure was much less for urban and rural Sri Lankans, and even lower for UK residents. There is a considerable dependency of villagers on the forest for non timber forest products. The benefits of conservation well exceed the costs as shown by positive net present value.
38
Nevares, Mario Maia. "Reservas internacionais ótimas de um país: um estudo do caso brasileiro." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/330.
Full textAbstract:
Made available in DSpace on 2008-05-13T13:48:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0
Previous issue date: 2007-05-04The objective of this paper is to analyze the foreign reserves accumulation among countries such Brazil that builds up international reserves to be protected from externai crises as well as to diminish such probability. We desire to analyze also the determination of optimal levei of reserves. We will approach brief historical of the literature of reserves holdings. In the study of Brazil, we will discuss the optimal levei of Brazilian international reserves using buffer stock model, with temporaries series approach, differing from previous cross-section studies.
O objetivo deste trabalho analisar acumulação de reservas internacionais por parte de países como Brasil, que acumulam reservas na tentativa de se proteger de crises externas bem como diminuir tal probabilidade. Desejamos analisar determinação do nível ótimo de reservas. Apresentaremos um breve histórico da literatura sobre acumulação de reservas. No estudo do Brasil, discutiremos nível ótimo de reservas internacionais brasileiras usando modelo de buffer stock, partir de uma abordagem de séries temporais, diferindo de trabalhos anteriores usando dados cross-section.
39
Powers, Susanna. "Enhanced transparency of the federal reserve : impact on federal funds rate forecast errors /." abstract and full text PDF (UNR users only), 2008. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1455662.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.A.)--University of Nevada, Reno, 2008."May, 2008." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 87-96). Library also has microfilm. Ann Arbor, Mich. : ProQuest Information and Learning Company, [2009]. 1 microfilm reel ; 35 mm. Online version available on the World Wide Web.
40
ZAMITI, MERIEM. "Structure optimale des reserves de change pour un petit pays a economie ouverte." Paris, EHESS, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996EHES0047.
Full textAbstract:
Nous nous interessons dans ce travail a la determination du panier optimal de devises etrangeres vis-a-vis duquel un petit pays devrait rattacher sa monnaie. A la suite de lipschitz et sundararajan (1980), nous considerons que le panier optimal est celui qui reduit les fluctuations du taux de change effectif reel autour de son niveau d'equilibre. Cependant, contrairement a ces auteurs, nous tenons compte dans la determination de ce panier, des effets des correlations entre les mouvements de taux de change et de prix sur la stabilite du taux de change reel. Par ailleurs, et apres avoir discute de la pertinence de la parite des pouvoirs d'achat comme norme de reference pour le taux de change effectif reel, nous avons ete amenes a proposer une autre reference par rapport a laquelle il serait souhaitable de reduire la volatilite du taux de change effectif reel. Nous avons alors determine la politique de taux de change nominal qui doit etre adoptee afin d'amener l'economie a cet objectif de taux de change reel. Le panier que nous recommandons est plus performant que celui preconise par lipshitz et sundararajan mais aussi qu'un panier base sur le commerce exterieur. Nous decrivons en outre les conditions suffisantes a l'adoption du regime de fixite a une monnaie uniqueIn this study, we consider the problem of the selection of the optimal currency basket to wich a small country should peg its exchange rate. To analyze this problem requires the introduction of some optimality criterion wich we take to be the stabilization of the elasticity-weighted real effective exchange rate about its equilibrium. The analysis is based on the work of lipschitz and sundararajan (1980). However we revise and extend their analysis by taking into account the effects of the correlations between exchange rate and price mouvements on the stability of the real effective exchange rate. Moreover, after having analyzed the relevance of the purchasing power parity as a reference norm for the real exchange rate, we defined another norm relative to wich it would be better to stabilize the real effective exchange rate. We determined then the nominal exchange rate wich must be used to reach the real exchange rate target. The results show that lipschitz and sundararajan's solution is sub-optimal. It also show that a trade-weighted basket is not in general optimal. We described the conditions under wich a single currency peg is recommanded
41
Gwantshu, Welcome Simthembile. "The real exchange rate performance and economic growth in South Africa: 1990 - 2016." University of the Western Cape, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7260.
Full textAbstract:
Magister Commercii - MComThis study estimates the impact of the real exchange rate’s performance on economic growth in South Africa from 1990 to 2016 based on quarterly data. A review of the literature reveals that the real exchange rate can have either a positive or a negative effect on economic growth. The empirical analysis began with testing for stationarity of the variables by applying the Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) and Phillips Peron (PP) tests. This was followed by the co-integration test of the model. The unit root test results show that all variables except the exchange rate were integrated at order one, that is I (1), while exchange rate volatility is integrated at order zero that is I(O). Also, the co-integration analysis indicated that variables are co-integrated. Employing the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) technique to estimate the results, the relationship between real exchange rate and economic growth was estimated. Findings further show that in the short run, economic growth is positively responsive to the real exchange rate while in the long run, a negative relationship exists between the two variables. The results in the short run suggest that the exchange rate hurts economic growth. A 1% point increase in the real exchange rate (RER) causes a reduction in economic growth by 379 per cent. A rise in the RER affects the trade balances between exports and imports, which results in more imports in the country than exports and the devaluation of the rand stipulates imports in the short run, which leads to the gross domestic product to increase. The study recommends that the South African Reserve Bank (SARB) Monetary Committee, together with the South African government, should develop a policy that will pursue a prudent monetary policy. A stabilise real exchange rate will enhance the economic activities that will attract foreign direct investment (FDI) and create an environment conducive to investment that will boost economic growth of South Africa.
42
Kim, Leonardo Du Soo. "Política monetária brasileira pré-crise de 2008: uma análise da possível influência dos juros americanos e de outros fatores externos." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/13997.
Full textAbstract:
Submitted by Leonardo Kim (leodsk@yahoo.com) on 2015-09-07T17:24:45Z
No. of bitstreams: 1
Dissertação - Leonardo Kim.pdf: 1132880 bytes, checksum: 52435c4e13a7515284f90c2b0d472cb4 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Renata de Souza Nascimento (renata.souza@fgv.br) on 2015-09-08T17:32:40Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Leonardo Kim.pdf: 1132880 bytes, checksum: 52435c4e13a7515284f90c2b0d472cb4 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2015-09-08T20:04:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Leonardo Kim.pdf: 1132880 bytes, checksum: 52435c4e13a7515284f90c2b0d472cb4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-18
In this paper, an analysis of the Brazilian monetary policy from 2000 to 2008 is made in order to understand how independent it was from actions of the Federal Reserve. The importance of this understanding lies in the impending rising movement of US interest rates, although still without a specific date, but which can bring consequences to the foreign exchange and domestic interest rates at a time when there is already an ongoing monetary tightening in the country. Besides, the effects of other variables linked to external situations as crisis events, exchange rate and country risk in Brazilian interest rate are also taken into consideration. The results indicate that, during the study period, the national monetary policy was marked by greater autonomy relatively to fluctuations on the American interest rates, which may have been helped by the adoption in 1999 of floating exchange rates.
Neste trabalho, é feita uma análise da política monetária brasileira no período de 2000 a 2008 com o intuito de entender o quão independente ela foi em relação às ações do Federal Reserve. Esse entendimento é importante devido à iminente movimentação de subida de juros nos EUA, ainda sem data precisa para ocorrer, mas que pode trazer consequências no câmbio e nos juros domésticos em um momento em que já há um aperto monetário em curso no país. Além disso, os efeitos de outras variáveis ligadas a situações externas como eventos de crise, câmbio e risco país nos juros brasileiros também são levados em consideração. Os resultados indicam que, no período de estudo, a política monetária nacional foi marcada por uma maior autonomia em relação às flutuações nos juros americanos, fato que pode ter sido auxiliado pela adoção em 1999 do câmbio flutuante.
43
Souza, Marcelo Reis Dreyer de. "Reservas internacionais e dívida soberana: uma análise de simulação sob a ótica da sustentabilidade da dívida." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/13405.
Full textAbstract:
Submitted by Marcelo Reis Dreyer de Souza (marcelo.dreyer@gmail.com) on 2015-02-22T21:25:32Z
No. of bitstreams: 1
MarceloSouza_final.pdf: 1013317 bytes, checksum: 78632b388bcd25a528ba8a7ef46e71ff (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Renata de Souza Nascimento (renata.souza@fgv.br) on 2015-02-23T23:00:34Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 MarceloSouza_final.pdf: 1013317 bytes, checksum: 78632b388bcd25a528ba8a7ef46e71ff (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-24T13:41:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MarceloSouza_final.pdf: 1013317 bytes, checksum: 78632b388bcd25a528ba8a7ef46e71ff (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-01-27
Este trabalho analisa, sob a ótica da sustentabilidade da dívida, os efeitos de se manter um elevado nível de reservas internacionais juntamente com um elevado estoque de dívida pública. Busca-se o nível ótimo de reservas para o Brasil através de uma ferramenta de gestão de risco, por simulações de Monte Carlo. Considerando as variáveis estocásticas que afetam a equação de acumulação da dívida, e entendendo a relação entre elas, pode-se estudar as propriedades estocásticas da dinâmica da dívida. Da mesma forma, podemos analisar o impacto fiscal de um determinado nível de reservas ao longo do tempo e verificar quais caminhos se mostram sustentáveis. Sob a ótica da sustentabilidade da dívida, a escolha que gera a melhor relação dívida líquida / PIB para o Brasil é aquela que utiliza o máximo das reservas internacionais para reduzir o endividamento local. No entanto, como há aspectos não capturados nesta análise, tais como os benefícios das reservas em prevenir crises e em funcionar como garantia para investimentos externos, sugere-se que as reservas não excedam os níveis reconhecidos pela literatura internacional que atendam a estes fins. A indicação final deste estudo é que as reservas internacionais funcionam como um instrumento de proteção ao país quando o endividamento e o custo dele não são tão expressivos, como são atualmente no Brasil.
With the perspective of debt sustainability, this paper analyses the effects of maintaining a high level of international reserves with a high stock of public debt. An optimal level of reserves for Brazil is pursued using a risk management tool, through Monte Carlo simulations. Considering the stochastic variables that affect the equation of debt accumulation, and understanding the relation between them, it is possible to study the stochastic properties of the debt. Similarly, we can analyze the fiscal impact of a given level of reserves and verify which paths prove sustainable. From the perspective of the debt sustainability, the choice that generates the best net debt / GDP for Brazil is the one that uses the maximum of international reserves to reduce local debt. However, as there are some aspects that this analysis does not capture, as the benefit of the reserves in preventing crises and serving as collateral for foreign investment, is suggested that reserves should not exceed levels recognized by the international literature that meet these purposes. The final indication of this study is that reserves function as a protective device when the debt and its cost are not so expressive as they are currently in Brazil.
44
Minnie, Liaan. "Socio-economic and ecological correlates of leopard-stock farmer conflict in the Baviaanskloof mega-reserve, Eastern Cape." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1044.
Full textAbstract:
The leopard, Panthera pardus, is particularly threatened outside conservation areas in South Africa. This has been attributed to a reduction in natural habitat, decreasing natural prey populations, and commercial exploitation such as trophy hunting, and most importantly, persecution by stock farmers (Woodroffe 2001). The leopard population in the Baviaanskloof Mega-Reserve (BMR) has undergone a substantial decrease in range and numbers in the past 200 years, resulting in a highly fragmented population in the Baviaanskloof Mega-Reserve, and is regarded as being insecure. There is thus a need to investigate the nature and extent of leopard-stock farmer interactions to provide the foundation for an effective leopard conservation plan. Here I investigated the ecological and socio-economic factors influencing leopard-stock farmer conflict via landowner surveys and estimated potential leopard numbers using a prey-based density model. Leopards are not necessarily the most important causes of livestock mortality in the BMR. On average, leopards killed significantly less livestock (0.7 percent livestock per year) than black-backed jackals (4.7 percent per year) and caracal (2.5 percent per year), yet 67 percent of farmers had negative attitudes towards leopards. These negative attitudes were not significantly related to stock losses. However, most of the farmers that had negative attitudes towards leopards did not have any stock losses attributed to leopards. Thus if predator-stock conflict is not reduced it will result in the retaliatory killing of leopards. This will have severe consequences for this relatively small population (estimated at 59 – 104 individuals by the prey-based model), which may ultimately lead to the local extinction of these leopards (Woodroffe & Ginsberg 1998).
45
Garcia-Yi, Jaqueline. "Estimating the Economic Recreational Value of Paracas National Reserve in Ica Peru: A Fair Fee Implementation Approach." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2004. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/Garcia-YiJ2004.pdf.
Full text
46
Acosta, Juan. "Essays on the history of macroeconometric modeling and the evolution of economic analysis at the Federal Reserve." Thesis, Lille 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL1A005/document.
Full textAbstract:
Cette thèse est composée de quatre articles qui analysent l’évolution de l’analyse économique au sein de la Réserve fédérale et le développement des modèles macroéconométriques aux Etats Unis pendant les années cinquante et soixante. Le premier article, « Roosa et Samuelson sur l'efficacité de la politique monétaire », porte sur les différents types d'arguments utilisés par Robert Roosa (Banque de la Réserve Fédérale de New York) et Paul Samuelson (Massachussetts Institute of Technology) au sujet du rôle des banques dans l'efficacité de la politique monétaire au début des années cinquante. Roosa souligne l'importance de prendre en compte les caractéristiques du système financier des États-Unis et son évolution. Son argumentation se fond sur l'intuition acquise dans son activité quotidienne sur le marché monétaire à New York. Samuelson, quant à lui, transforme le débat et le réduit à la question de l'existence d'un équilibre avec rationnement sur le marché du crédit. Bien que Samuelson n’ait pas proposé de modèle mathématique, il a ainsi orienté le débat dans une direction plus proche du langage des économistes, reposant sur les concepts d'équilibre et comportement rationnel. Dans le deuxième article, « La modélisation macroéconométrique et le comité sur la stabilité économique (CES) du SSRC, 19591963 », Erich PinzónFuchs et moi même discutons l’élaboration d'un modèle qui a jeté les bases de la macroéconométrie des années soixante. Nous analysons, à l’aide de l’étude du travail individuel des chercheurs impliqués et des retranscriptions de leurs réunions annuels, comment le modèle a été construit par un groupe d’une vingtaine de chercheurs. Nous signalons l'importance des liens que ce projet a institué entre les économistes, différentes agences gouvernementales, et des thinktanks comme la Brookings Institution. Dans le troisième article, « Le comportement des banques dans les modèles macroéconométriques des années soixante », Goulven Rubin et moi même étudions l’intégration du choix de portefeuille pour les banques et le traitement du rationnement du crédit dans ces modèles. Nous démontrons que le modèle de la Réserve fédérale est plus transparent que les modèles précédents dans la mesure où la structure du marché monétaire est plus claire. Un effort a été réalisé pour clarifier le rapport entre les équations fonctionnaires de la Réserve fédérale pour explorer ces méthodes et leurs possibles usages pour guider la politique monétaire. estimées et les choix microéconomiques des banques. Par rapport au rationnement du crédit, nous soulignons l’effort des modélisateurs pour l'inclure dans les modèles malgré la difficulté à observer ce rationnement directement. Leurs efforts pour favoriser la mesure a permis d’inclure ce rationnement dans le modèle, mais avec des résultats limités en termes d’implication analytique du rationnement sur la politique monétaire. Dans le quatrième article, « La transformation de l'analyse économique à la Réserve fédérale pendant les années soixante », Béatrice Cherrier et moi même utilisons les données biographiques des fonctionnaires de la Réserve Fédérale, des témoignages, et des archives, pour montrer comment la modélisation économétrique et les prévisions ont trouvé une place au sein de la Réserve Fédérale. Nous montrons, en particulier, que l’arrivée de ces méthodes a été la conséquence des pressions externes mais aussi de la volonté des fonctionnaires de la Réserve fédérale pour explorer ces méthodes et leurs possibles usages pour guider la politique monétaireThis dissertation contains four papers that discuss the transformation of economic analysis at the Federal Reserve and the development of large-scale macroeconometric models during the 1950s and 1960s in the United States. The first paper is titled “Roosa and Samuelson on the effectiveness of monetary policy.” I discuss the different types of arguments used by Robert Roosa (Federal Reserve Bank of New York) and Paul Samuelson (MIT) in their discussion about the effectiveness of monetary policy in the early 1950s. Roosa emphasized the importance of lenders’ willingness to lend and, in general, of taking into account the details of the evolution of the American financial system. He presented an argument based on the intuition acquired in his participation—as an official of the New York Federal Reserve— in the New York money market. Samuelson, for his part, transformed the debate by reducing it to a discussion about the existence of an equilibrium with rationing in the credit market. Although Samuelson did not provide a mathematical model, he did transform the debate into a discussion palatable for economists, based on concepts like equilibrium and rational behavior. The second paper is titled “Macroeconometric modeling and the SSRC’s Committee on Economic Stability, 1959-1963.” Erich Pinzón-Fuchs and I discuss the construction of a macroeconometric model (1960-1963) that laid the bases for subsequent large-scale macroeconometric models of the 1960s. We discuss how, using an approach based on individual work together with two long annual conferences, the model was built by a team of more than 20 researchers. We also point out the important connections that the project helped establish between economists in academia, the government, and the Federal Reserve. The third paper is titled “Bank behavior in large-scale macroeconometric models of the 1960s.” Goulven Rubin and I discuss the implementation of a portfolio choice framework and the inclusion of credit rationing by banks in these models. We found that the Fed-MIT-Penn model has a more transparent structure: the structure of the money market is clearer, as is the relationship of its equations with the microeconomic choices of banks. Regarding credit rationing, we found that modelers made important efforts to include it despite its non-observable nature and to develop a measure of it. Once a measure was found, and despite constant negative results, modelers kept trying to find a place for credit rationing in their model. These results invite a deeper reflection on the idea of microfoundations in large-scale macroeconometric models and on the role of beliefs in macroeconometric modeling. The fourth paper is “The transformation of economic analysis at the Federal Reserve during the 1960s.” Béatrice Cherrier and I use biographical data, reminiscences, and archival sources to show how econometric modeling and forecasting found a place at the Federal Reserve. We show, in particular, that the arrival of these methods was in part the consequence of external pressures, but also of the will of Fed officials interested in exploring the possible uses of these methods for monetary policymaking. There was no simple takeover by econometricians at the Federal Reserve but, instead, an equilibrium between judgmental and econometric forms of analysis emerged by the early 1970s
47
Silveira, Eriberto Nascente. "Educa??o e sustentabilidade : novos princ?pios para o mercado em uma reserva extrativista." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2013. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/6430.
Full textAbstract:
Submitted by Setor de Tratamento da Informa??o - BC/PUCRS (tede2@pucrs.br) on 2015-12-14T18:52:02Z
No. of bitstreams: 1
476710 - Texto Completo.pdf: 963044 bytes, checksum: ecda3fcd2948cda0db8625591c0add3e (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-14T18:52:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 476710 - Texto Completo.pdf: 963044 bytes, checksum: ecda3fcd2948cda0db8625591c0add3e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02-22
The research seeks to analyse the relationship between the market in the way it presents itself today and the new principles of consumption, from a movement known as Slow Food. This study proceeds in order to show how, in both cases, the market organized by liberal capitalist logic and the market for green products, based on sustainable principles, are in an action strategy for the insertion and recovery of products in local markets. It must be considered , in relation to action strategies that, although the market receives criticism from liberal political-economic and ecological aspect, it also structured through the discourse of sustainability, which is already constituted as a fact in the early years of the 1970s, establishing itself from the Meadows Report and the term "eco-development". Thus, some key concepts will be exposed to a better understanding of what this research suggests. One is the concept of sustainability, much touted by economic policy today. It will be seen how much there is in this ideological concept and at the same time, in a less radical line of thinking, as it can lead to solutions more or less urgent problems, specifically when dealing with environmental issues and natural resource. However, it is an indication that, even so, such a sustainable approach of the economy always rests with the weakest and poorest and with the most severe charges for them. From this, seeking a new meaning to the concept sustainable will show how the Slow Food movement acts and at this way will be defended a market for green products different from the liberal, regulated and sustainable market, that most of the times it is just a slogan, since the chain of production based on sustainable principles has all its steps supported by the same principles.
Esta pesquisa busca analisar a rela??o entre o mercado, na forma como ele se apresenta na atualidade, e os novos princ?pios de consumo, partindo de um movimento conhecido como Slow Food. Esse estudo procede no sentido de mostrar como, nos dois casos, o mercado organizado pela l?gica liberal capitalista e o mercado de produtos ecol?gicos, baseado em princ?pios sustent?veis, encontram-se numa estrat?gia de a??o para a inser??o e valoriza??o de produtos em mercados locais. Deve-se considerar, aqui, no que diz respeito ?s estrat?gias de a??o, que, embora o mercado liberal receba cr?ticas da vertente pol?tico-econ?mica ecol?gica, ele tamb?m estrutura-se por meio do discurso da sustentabilidade, o que j? se constitu?a como fato nos primeiros anos da d?cada de 1970, consolidando-se a partir do Relat?rio Meadows e do termo ?ecodesenvolvimento?. Assim, alguns conceitos-chave ser?o expostos para um melhor entendimento acerca do que prop?e essa pesquisa. Um deles ? o conceito de sustentabilidade, muito apregoado pela pol?tica econ?mica na atualidade. Veremos o quanto de ideol?gico h? nesse conceito e, ao mesmo tempo, em uma linha de pensamento menos radical, como ele pode levar a solu??es de problemas mais ou menos urgentes, ao se tratar especificamente de quest?es ambientais e reservas de recursos naturais. Contudo, fica o ind?cio de que, mesmo assim, tal abordagem sustent?vel da economia recai sempre sobre os mais fracos e pobres com as imposi??es mais severas para eles. A partir disso, buscando um novo significado ao conceito sustent?vel, passar-se-? a mostrar como o movimento Slow Food atua e, assim, ser? defendido um mercado de produtos ecol?gicos diferenciado do mercado liberal, regulado e dito sustent?vel, que, muitas vezes, apenas ? um slogan, uma vez que a cadeia de produ??o baseada em princ?pios sustent?veis n?o tem todas as suas etapas amparadas pelos mesmos princ?pios.
48
Ribeiro, Edmundo Maia de Oliveira. "A demanda de reservas bancárias no Brasil." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/7872.
Full textAbstract:
Submitted by Marcia Bacha (marcia.bacha@fgv.br) on 2011-03-24T17:38:33Z
No. of bitstreams: 1
000359192.pdf: 1851418 bytes, checksum: 4d7dfcb473606767a7a30d249e2594fd (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Marcia Bacha(marcia.bacha@fgv.br) on 2011-03-24T17:38:48Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 000359192.pdf: 1851418 bytes, checksum: 4d7dfcb473606767a7a30d249e2594fd (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2011-03-24T17:38:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 000359192.pdf: 1851418 bytes, checksum: 4d7dfcb473606767a7a30d249e2594fd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004-01-01
49
Alencastro, Liliana A. "An economic analysis of rebuilding artisanal fisheries the potential for fishermen-based ecotourism in the Galapagos Marine Reserve /." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2010. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0041221.
Full text
50
Chae, Dong-Ryul. "Study on the economic benefits of marine protected area : estimation of tourism benefits of a UK marine reserve." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.496001.
Full textAbstract:
Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) are specially designated zones of the sea that are designed to restore marine ecosystem to the original state by excluding all detrimental human activities. MPAs have been proposed in many countries as a means ot conserving parts ot me marine environment and at the same time, jvims can also result in economic benefits to .0 recreational users of the marine environment. Under the background, the main purposes of this thesis are to estimate economic benefit of recreational visitors derived from a case study MPA by using non-market valuation technique and to review tourism in MPAs under the tourism economics point of view.