Academic literature on the topic 'Réseaux de neuronnes de graphes'
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Journal articles on the topic "Réseaux de neuronnes de graphes":
Lemieux, Vincent. "L'articulation des réseaux sociaux." Recherches sociographiques 17, no. 2 (April 12, 2005): 247–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/055716ar.
Díaz Villalba, Alejandro. "Comment outiller l’étude des autorités avec l’analyse de réseaux dans les grammaires françaises des XVIe et XVIIe siècles." SHS Web of Conferences 138 (2022): 03003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202213803003.
Dalud-Vincent, Monique. "Une autre manière de modéliser les réseaux sociaux. Applications à l’étude de co-publications." Nouvelles perspectives en sciences sociales 12, no. 2 (August 22, 2017): 41–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1040904ar.
Bonnet, Nicolas. "Résilience d’un territoire face au chômage : les réseaux d’entreprises innovantes sur Montpellier." Nouvelles perspectives en sciences sociales 5, no. 1 (November 23, 2009): 97–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/038625ar.
Otman, Gabriel. "Les bases de connaissances terminologiques : les banques de terminologie de seconde génération." Meta 42, no. 2 (September 30, 2002): 244–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/003772ar.
Pigeon, Émilie. "Réseaux sociaux catholiques et construction identitaire dans les Pays d’en haut : l’exemple du fort Michilimackinac (1741-1821)." Francophonies d'Amérique, no. 40-41 (March 8, 2018): 83–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1043699ar.
Foltête, Jean-Christophe, Céline Clauzel, Xavier Girardet, Pierline Tournant, and Gilles Vuidel. "La modélisation des réseaux écologiques par les graphes paysagers. Méthodes et outils." Revue internationale de géomatique 22, no. 4 (December 30, 2012): 641–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/rig.22.641-658.
Finkel, Alain, and Laure Petrucci. "Composition/décomposition de réseaux de Pétri et de leurs graphes de couverture." RAIRO - Theoretical Informatics and Applications 28, no. 2 (1994): 73–124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ita/1994280200731.
Vazquez, J., M. François, and D. Gilbert. "Gestion en temps réel d'un réseau d'assainissement : vérification de l'optimalité et de l'applicabilité de la théorie des graphes par rapport à la programmation linéaire mixte." Revue des sciences de l'eau 16, no. 4 (April 12, 2005): 425–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705516ar.
Saglietto, Laurence. "Quelques points de repères dans l’étude des réseaux par la théorie des graphes." Netcom 20, no. 3 (2006): 195–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/netco.2006.1654.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Réseaux de neuronnes de graphes":
Carboni, Lucrezia. "Graphes pour l’exploration des réseaux de neurones artificiels et de la connectivité cérébrale humaine." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Grenoble Alpes, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023GRALM060.
The main objective of this thesis is to explore brain and artificial neural network connectivity from agraph-based perspective. While structural and functional connectivity analysis has been extensivelystudied in the context of the human brain, there is a lack of a similar analysis framework in artificialsystems.To address this gap, this research focuses on two main axes.In the first axis, the main objective is to determine a healthy signature characterization of the humanbrain resting state functional connectivity. To achieve this objective, a novel framework is proposed,integrating traditional graph statistics and network reduction tools, to determine healthy connectivitypatterns. Hence, we build a graph pair-wise comparison and a classifier to identify pathological statesand rank associated perturbed brain regions. Additionally, the generalization and robustness of theproposed framework were investigated across multiple datasets and variations in data quality.The second research axis explores the benefits of brain-inspired connectivity exploration of artificialneural networks (ANNs) in the future perspective of more robust artificial systems development. Amajor robustness issue in ANN models is represented by catastrophic forgetting when the networkdramatically forgets previously learned tasks when adapting to new ones. Our work demonstrates thatgraph modeling offers a simple and elegant framework for investigating ANNs, comparing differentlearning strategies, and detecting deleterious behaviors such as catastrophic forgetting.Moreover, we explore the potential of leveraging graph-based insights to effectively mitigatecatastrophic forgetting, laying a foundation for future research and explorations in this area
Albano, Alice. "Dynamique des graphes de terrain : analyse en temps intrinsèque." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066260.
We are surrounded by a multitude of interaction networks from different contexts. These networks can be modeled as graphs, called complex networks. They have a community structure, i.e. groups of nodes closely related to each other and less connected with the rest of the graph. An other phenomenon studied in complex networks in many contexts is diffusion. The spread of a disease is an example of diffusion. These phenomena are dynamic and depend on an important parameter, which is often little studied: the time scale in which they are observed. According to the chosen scale, the graph dynamics can vary significantly. In this thesis, we propose to study dynamic processes using a suitable time scale. We consider a notion of relative time which we call intrinsic time, opposed to "traditional" time, which we call extrinsic time. We first study diffusion phenomena using intrinsic time, and we compare our results with an extrinsic time scale. This allows us to highlight the fact that the same phenomenon observed at two different time scales can have a very different behavior. We then analyze the relevance of the use of intrinsic time scale for detecting dynamic communities. Comparing communities obtained according extrinsic and intrinsic scales shows that the intrinsic time scale allows a more significant detection than extrinsic time scale
Albano, Alice. "Dynamique des graphes de terrain : analyse en temps intrinsèque." Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066260/document.
We are surrounded by a multitude of interaction networks from different contexts. These networks can be modeled as graphs, called complex networks. They have a community structure, i.e. groups of nodes closely related to each other and less connected with the rest of the graph. An other phenomenon studied in complex networks in many contexts is diffusion. The spread of a disease is an example of diffusion. These phenomena are dynamic and depend on an important parameter, which is often little studied: the time scale in which they are observed. According to the chosen scale, the graph dynamics can vary significantly. In this thesis, we propose to study dynamic processes using a suitable time scale. We consider a notion of relative time which we call intrinsic time, opposed to "traditional" time, which we call extrinsic time. We first study diffusion phenomena using intrinsic time, and we compare our results with an extrinsic time scale. This allows us to highlight the fact that the same phenomenon observed at two different time scales can have a very different behavior. We then analyze the relevance of the use of intrinsic time scale for detecting dynamic communities. Comparing communities obtained according extrinsic and intrinsic scales shows that the intrinsic time scale allows a more significant detection than extrinsic time scale
Limnios, Stratis. "Graph Degeneracy Studies for Advanced Learning Methods on Graphs and Theoretical Results Edge degeneracy: Algorithmic and structural results Degeneracy Hierarchy Generator and Efficient Connectivity Degeneracy Algorithm A Degeneracy Framework for Graph Similarity Hcore-Init: Neural Network Initialization based on Graph Degeneracy." Thesis, Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020IPPAX038.
Extracting Meaningful substructures from graphs has always been a key part in graph studies. In machine learning frameworks, supervised or unsupervised, as well as in theoretical graph analysis, finding dense subgraphs and specific decompositions is primordial in many social and biological applications among many others.In this thesis we aim at studying graph degeneracy, starting from a theoretical point of view, and building upon our results to find the most suited decompositions for the tasks at hand.Hence the first part of the thesis we work on structural results in graphs with bounded edge admissibility, proving that such graphs can be reconstructed by aggregating graphs with almost-bounded-edge-degree. We also provide computational complexity guarantees for the different degeneracy decompositions, i.e. if they are NP-complete or polynomial, depending on the length of the paths on which the given degeneracy is defined.In the second part we unify the degeneracy and admissibility frameworks based on degree and connectivity. Within those frameworks we pick the most expressive, on the one hand, and computationally efficient on the other hand, namely the 1-edge-connectivity degeneracy, to experiment on standard degeneracy tasks, such as finding influential spreaders.Following the previous results that proved to perform poorly we go back to using the k-core but plugging it in a supervised framework, i.e. graph kernels. Thus providing a general framework named core-kernel, we use the k-core decomposition as a preprocessing step for the kernel and apply the latter on every subgraph obtained by the decomposition for comparison. We are able to achieve state-of-the-art performance on graph classification for a small computational cost trade-off.Finally we design a novel degree degeneracy framework for hypergraphs and simultaneously on bipartite graphs as they are hypergraphs incidence graph. This decomposition is then applied directly to pretrained neural network architectures as they induce bipartite graphs and use the coreness of the neurons to re-initialize the neural network weights. This framework not only outperforms state-of-the-art initialization techniques but is also applicable to any pair of layers convolutional and linear thus being applicable however needed to any type of architecture
Hafidi, Hakim. "Robust machine learning for Graphs/Networks." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023IPPAT004.
This thesis addresses advancements in graph representation learning, focusing on the challengesand opportunities presented by Graph Neural Networks (GNNs). It highlights the significanceof graphs in representing complex systems and the necessity of learning node embeddings that capture both node features and graph structure. The study identifies key issues in GNNs, such as their dependence on high-quality labeled data, inconsistent performanceacross various datasets, and susceptibility to adversarial attacks.To tackle these challenges, the thesis introduces several innovative approaches. Firstly, it employs contrastive learning for node representation, enabling self-supervised learning that reduces reliance on labeled data. Secondly, a Bayesian-based classifier isproposed for node classification, which considers the graph’s structure to enhance accuracy. Lastly, the thesis addresses the vulnerability of GNNs to adversarialattacks by assessing the robustness of the proposed classifier and introducing effective defense mechanisms.These contributions aim to improve both the performance and resilience of GNNs in graph representation learning
Lachaud, Guillaume. "Extensions and Applications of Graph Neural Networks." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUS434.
Graphs are used everywhere to represent interactions between entities, whether physical such as atoms, molecules or people, or more abstract such as cities, friendships, ideas, etc. Amongst all the methods of machine learning that can be used, the recent advances in deep learning have made graph neural networks the de facto standard for graph representation learning. This thesis can be divided in two parts. First, we review the theoretical underpinnings of the most powerful graph neural networks. Second, we explore the challenges faced by the existing models when training on real world graph data. The powerfulness of a graph neural network is defined in terms of its expressiveness, i.e., its ability to distinguish non isomorphic graphs; or, in an equivalent manner, its ability to approximate permutation invariant and equivariant functions. We distinguish two broad families of the most powerful models. We summarise the mathematical properties as well as the advantages and disadvantages of these models in practical situations. Apart from the choice of the architecture, the quality of the graph data plays a crucial role in the ability to learn useful representations. Several challenges are faced by graph neural networks given the intrinsic nature of graph data. In contrast to typical machine learning methods that deal with tabular data, graph neural networks need to consider not only the features of the nodes but also the interconnectedness between them. Due to the connections between nodes, training neural networks on graphs can be done in two settings: in transductive learning, the model can have access to the test features in the training phase; in the inductive setting, the test data remains unseen. We study the differences in terms of performance between inductive and transductive learning for the node classification task. Additionally, the features that are fed to a model can be noisy or even missing. In this thesis we evaluate these challenges on real world datasets, and we propose a novel architecture to perform missing data imputation on graphs. Finally, while graphs can be the natural way to describe interactions, other types of data can benefit from being converted into graphs. In this thesis, we perform preliminary work on how to extract the most important parts of skin lesion images that could be used to create graphs and learn hidden relations in the data
Hérault, Laurent. "Réseaux de neurones récursifs pour l'optimisation combinatoire : application à la théorie des graphes et à la vision par ordinateur." Grenoble INPG, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991INPG0019.
Pineau, Edouard. "Contributions to representation learning of multivariate time series and graphs." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020IPPAT037.
Machine learning (ML) algorithms are designed to learn models that have the ability to take decisions or make predictions from data, in a large panel of tasks. In general, the learned models are statistical approximations of the true/optimal unknown decision models. The efficiency of a learning algorithm depends on an equilibrium between model richness, complexity of the data distribution and complexity of the task to solve from data. Nevertheless, for computational convenience, the statistical decision models often adopt simplifying assumptions about the data (e.g. linear separability, independence of the observed variables, etc.). However, when data distribution is complex (e.g. high-dimensional with nonlinear interactions between observed variables), the simplifying assumptions can be counterproductive. In this situation, a solution is to feed the model with an alternative representation of the data. The objective of data representation is to separate the relevant information with respect to the task to solve from the noise, in particular if the relevant information is hidden (latent), in order to help the statistical model. Until recently and the rise of modern ML, many standard representations consisted in an expert-based handcrafted preprocessing of data. Recently, a branch of ML called deep learning (DL) completely shifted the paradigm. DL uses neural networks (NNs), a family of powerful parametric functions, as learning data representation pipelines. These recent advances outperformed most of the handcrafted data in many domains.In this thesis, we are interested in learning representations of multivariate time series (MTS) and graphs. MTS and graphs are particular objects that do not directly match standard requirements of ML algorithms. They can have variable size and non-trivial alignment, such that comparing two MTS or two graphs with standard metrics is generally not relevant. Hence, particular representations are required for their analysis using ML approaches. The contributions of this thesis consist of practical and theoretical results presenting new MTS and graphs representation learning frameworks.Two MTS representation learning frameworks are dedicated to the ageing detection of mechanical systems. First, we propose a model-based MTS representation learning framework called Sequence-to-graph (Seq2Graph). Seq2Graph assumes that the data we observe has been generated by a model whose graphical representation is a causality graph. It then represents, using an appropriate neural network, the sample on this graph. From this representation, when it is appropriate, we can find interesting information about the state of the studied mechanical system. Second, we propose a generic trend detection method called Contrastive Trend Estimation (CTE). CTE learns to classify pairs of samples with respect to the monotony of the trend between them. We show that using this method, under few assumptions, we identify the true state underlying the studied mechanical system, up-to monotone scalar transform.Two graph representation learning frameworks are dedicated to the classification of graphs. First, we propose to see graphs as sequences of nodes and create a framework based on recurrent neural networks to represent and classify them. Second, we analyze a simple baseline feature for graph classification: the Laplacian spectrum. We show that this feature matches minimal requirements to classify graphs when all the meaningful information is contained in the structure of the graphs
Faucheux, Cyrille. "Segmentation supervisée d'images texturées par régularisation de graphes." Thesis, Tours, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOUR4050/document.
In this thesis, we improve a recent image segmentation algorithm based on a graph regularization process. The goal of this method is to compute an indicator function that satisfies a regularity and a fidelity criteria. Its particularity is to represent images with similarity graphs. This data structure allows relations to be established between similar pixels, leading to non-local processing of the data. In order to improve this approach, combine it with another non-local one: the texture features. Two solutions are developped, both based on Haralick features. In the first one, we propose a new fidelity term which is based on the work of Chan and Vese and is able to evaluate the homogeneity of texture features. In the second method, we propose to replace the fidelity criteria by the output of a supervised classifier. Trained to recognize several textures, the classifier is able to produce a better modelization of the problem by identifying the most relevant texture features. This method is also extended to multiclass segmentation problems. Both are applied to 2D and 3D textured images
Zakroum, Mehdi. "Machine Learning for the Automation of Cyber-threat Monitoring and Inference." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023LORR0108.
Over the past few decades, cyber-threats have known a significant increase and continue to grow exponentially. Network operators and security practitioners are constantly striving to automate their defense strategies against large-scale cyber incidents and smaller-scale peculiar events targeting their networks. Improving the monitoring of security events and detecting attacks at an early stage are key features to prevent against eventual damages or at least alleviate their impact. The traffic captured by network sensors such as network telescopes, also known as darknets, constitute a rich source of cybersecurity intelligence. The data recorded by such sensors include different types of traffic ranging from benign traffic like regular scans performed by organizations for statistical purpose, to malicious cyber incidents like worms spread, vulnerability scans, and backscatter packets that come as a side effect spoofed source of Denial of Service attacks. These data could be leveraged to automate and improve cyber-threat monitoring solutions and attack modeling and prediction. To this end, this thesis combines research works on the salient topics of cyber-threat monitoring and cyber-attack classification and forecasting
Books on the topic "Réseaux de neuronnes de graphes":
Mathis, Philippe. Graphes et réseaux: Modélisation multiniveau. Paris: Hermès science publications, 2003.
Easley, David. Networks, crowds, and markets: Reasoning about a highly connected world. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2010.
Kleinberg, Jon, and David Easley. Networks, Crowds, and Markets: Reasoning About a Highly Connected World. Cambridge University Press, 2012.
Erciyes, Kayhan. Distributed Graph Algorithms for Computer Networks. Springer, 2013.
Erciyes, Kayhan. Distributed Graph Algorithms for Computer Networks. Springer London, Limited, 2013.
Kleinberg, Jon, and David Easley. Networks, Crowds, and Markets: Reasoning about a Highly Connected World. Cambridge University Press, 2010.
Easley, David. Networks, Crowds, and Markets: Reasoning about a Highly Connected World. Cambridge University Press, 2010.
Book chapters on the topic "Réseaux de neuronnes de graphes":
Bretto, Alain, Alain Faisant, and François Hennecart. "Connexité et flots dans les réseaux." In Éléments de théorie des graphes, 99–129. Paris: Springer Paris, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-2-8178-0281-7_4.
Golumbic, Martin Charles, and André Sainte-Laguë. "Tracing the topics in Les Réseaux (ou Graphes)." In The Zeroth Book of Graph Theory, 1–5. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61420-1_1.
Le Blanc, Benoît. "Réseaux informatiques et modèle des graphes petits-mondes." In Les réseaux, 91–100. CNRS Éditions, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/books.editionscnrs.19279.
GUYOMAR, Cervin, and Claire LEMAITRE. "Métagénomique et métatranscriptomique." In Des séquences aux graphes, 151–86. ISTE Group, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.51926/iste.9066.ch5.