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Journal articles on the topic 'Research'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 2 November 2024

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1

Toulmin, Stephen. "Is Action Research Really 'Research1?" Concepts and Transformation 1, no. 1 (January 1, 1996): 51–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cat.1.1.05tou.

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The case of Action Research drives a wedge between two opposite views of research methodology: an 'exclusive ' (Platonic/theoretical) one which insists that only objective and quantitative inquiries (as in physics) are genuine scientific research, and an 'inclusive ' (Aristotelian/practical) one that recognizes a need to adapt the research methods of different inquiries to the nature of their problems. The latter approach involves seeing issues of methodology as dependent on half-a-dozen contextual factors, which are crucial to Action Research, yet which the former approach ignores.

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2

Mirzac, Daniela, Svenja L. Kreis, Heiko J. Luhmann, Gabriel Gonzalez-Escamilla, and Sergiu Groppa. "Translating pathological brain activity primers in Parkinson’s disease research." Research, June 5, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/research.0183.

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3

Wu, Jia-Jin, Senlin Zhu, Yi-Fan Tang, Fengfei Gu, Teresa G. Valencak, Jian-Xin Liu, and Hui-Zeng Sun. "Age- and microbiota-dependent cell stemness plasticity revealed by cattle cell landscape." Research, January 10, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/research.0025.

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4

Li, Jieyuan, Ruimin Chen, Kaiwen Wang, Yan Yang, Jielin Wang, Weiping Yang, Shengyao Wang, Guidong Yang, and Fan Dong. "Combined Photoredox Catalysis for Value-Added Conversion of Contaminants at Spatially Separated Dual Active Sites." Research, January 10, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/research.0055.

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5

Li, Wanlin, Ximian Xiao, Yuchen Qi, Xiuhui Lin, Huiqun Hu, Minqi Shi, Min Zhou, et al. "Host Defense Peptide Mimicking β-Peptide Polymer Acting as a Dual-Modal Antibacterial Agent by Interfering Quorum Sensing and Killing Individual Bacteria Simultaneously." Research, January 10, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/research.0051.

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Yang, Chaoyu, Yunru Yu, Yuanjin Zhao, and Luoran Shang. "Bio-inspired jellyfish microparticles from microfluidics." Research, January 10, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/research.0034.

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7

Pu, Yinghui, Bowen He, Yiming Niu, Xi Liu, and Bingsen Zhang. "Chemical Electron Microscopy for Heterogeneous Catalysis at Nano: Recent Progress and Challenges." Research, January 10, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/research.0043.

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8

Wang, Lijun, Gui-e. Xu, Michail Spanos, Guoping Li, Zhiyong Lei, Joost PG Sluijter, and Junjie Xiao. "Circular RNAs in cardiovascular diseases: regulation and therapeutic applications." Research, January 10, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/research.0038.

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9

Hu, Cong, Meng Cheng, Wenqi Jin, Jian Han, Zhihua Yang, and Shilie Pan. "A cation-driven approach toward deep-ultraviolet nonlinear optical materials." Research, January 10, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/research.0053.

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Qi, Ren, and Quan Zou. "Trends and potential of machine learning and deep learning in drug study at single-cell level." Research, January 10, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/research.0050.

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11

Geng, Jiwen, Zhefeng Kang, Qian Sun, Man Zhang, Peng Wang, Yupei Li, Jiameng Li, Baihai Su, and Qiang Wei. "Microtubule assists Actomyosin to regulate cell nuclear mechanics and chromatin accessibility." Research, January 10, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/research.0054.

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12

Xu, Mengjia, Akshay Rangamani, Qianli Liao, Tomer Galanti, and Tomaso Poggio. "Dynamics in Deep Classifiers trained with the Square Loss: normalization, low rank, neural collapse and generalization bounds." Research, January 10, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/research.0024.

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13

Peng, Jing, Zheng-jie Chen, Baofu Ding, and Hui-Ming Cheng. "Recent Advances for the Synthesis and Applications of Two-dimensional Ternary Layered Materials." Research, January 10, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/research.0040.

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14

Chen, Dingbo, Yu-Chang Chen, Guang Zeng, David Wei Zhang, and Hong-Liang Lu. "Integration Technology of Micro-LED for Next-generation Display." Research, January 10, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/research.0047.

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15

Shao, Dexi, Junze Deng, Haohao Sheng, Ruihan Zhang, Hongming Weng, Zhong Fang, Xing-Qiu Chen, Yan Sun, and Zhijun Wang. "Large spin Hall conductivity and excellent hydrogen evolution reaction activity in unconventional PtTe _1.75 monolayer." Research, January 10, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/research.0042.

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16

Qi, Feng, Jia Li, Zhuoran Qi, Jian Zhang, Bin Zhou, Biwei Yang, Wenxing Qin, Wenguo Cui, and Jinglin Xia. "Comprehensive metabolic profiling and genome-wide analysis reveal therapeutic modalities for hepatocellular carcinoma." Research, January 10, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/research.0036.

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17

Guo, Yuxin, Xinping Zhang, Shao-Zhe Wang, Hui-Heng Feng, Shun-Yu Wu, and Fu-Gen Wu. "Metal–phenolic network-facilitated “foe-to-friend” conversion of Melittin for cancer immunotherapy with boosted Abscopal effect." Research, January 10, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/research.0052.

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18

Yuan, Hui, Bin Xue, Dingyi Yang, Sigal Rencus-Lazar, Yi Cao, Ehud Gazit, Dan Tan, and Rusen Yang. "Rational Design of Biological Crystals with Enhanced Physical Properties by Hydrogen Bonding Interactions." Research, January 10, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/research.0046.

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19

Guo, Wei, Yanling Cai, Xianming Liu, Yuge Ji, Cuiyu Zhang, Liyan Wang, Wenting Liao, et al. "Single exosome profiling identifies ITGB3+ and ITGAM+ exosome subpopulations as promising early diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for colorectal cancer." Research, January 10, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/research.0041.

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20

Liu, Yanjun, Chunhua Jiao, Tao Zhang, Xue Li, Panpan Li, Meishan Lu, Zhan Ye, et al. "Early-life gut microbiota governs susceptibility to colitis via microbial-derived ether lipids." Research, January 10, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/research.0037.

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21

Huang, Danqing, Yi Cheng, Guopu Chen, and Yuanjin Zhao. "3D-Printed Janus Piezoelectric Patches for Sonodynamic Bacteria Elimination and Wound Healing." Research 6 (January 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/research.0022.

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Management of infected wounds has raised worldwide concerns. Attempts in this field focus on the development of intelligent patches for improving the wound healing. Here, inspired by the cocktail treatment and combinational therapy stratagem, we present a novel Janus piezoelectric hydrogel patch via 3-dimensional printing for sonodynamic bacteria elimination and wound healing. The top layer of the printed patch was poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate hydrogel with gold-nanoparticle-decorated tetragonal barium titanate encapsulation, which realizes the ultrasound-triggered release of reactive oxygen species without leaking nanomaterials. The bottom layer is fabricated with methacrylate gelatin and carries growth factors for the cell proliferation and tissue reconstruction. Based on these features, we have demonstrated in vivo that the Janus piezoelectric hydrogel patch can exert substantial infection elimination activity under the excitation of ultrasound, and its sustained release of growth factors can promote tissue regeneration during wound management. These results indicated that the proposed Janus piezoelectric hydrogel patch had practical significance in sonodynamic infection alleviation and programmable wound healing for treating different clinical diseases.

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22

Ren, Shuaiwei, Mei Huang, Raoxian Bai, Lijiao Chen, Jiao Yang, Junyu Zhang, Wenting Guo, Weizhi Ji, and Yongchang Chen. "Efficient Modulation of Exon Skipping via Antisense Circular RNAs." Research, January 11, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/research.0045.

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23

Bupi, Nattanong, Vinoth Kumar Sangaraju, Le Thi Phan, Aamir Lal, Thuy Thi Bich Vo, Phuong Thi Ho, Muhammad Amir Qureshi, Marjia Tabassum, Sukchan Lee, and Balachandran Manavalan. "An Effective Integrated Machine Learning Framework for Identifying Severity of Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus and Their Experimental Validation." Research 6 (January 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/research.0016.

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Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) dispersed across different countries, specifically to subtropical regions, associated with more severe symptoms. Since TYLCV was first isolated in 1931, it has been a menace to tomato industrial production worldwide over the past century. Three groups were newly isolated from TYLCV-resistant tomatoes in 2022; however, their functions are unknown. The development of machine learning (ML)-based models using characterized sequences and evaluating blind predictions is one of the major challenges in interdisciplinary research. The purpose of this study was to develop an integrated computational framework for the accurate identification of symptoms (mild or severe) based on TYLCV sequences (isolated in Korea). For the development of the framework, we first extracted 11 different feature encodings and hybrid features from the training data and then explored 8 different classifiers and developed their respective prediction models by using randomized 10-fold cross-validation. Subsequently, we carried out a systematic evaluation of these 96 developed models and selected the top 90 models, whose predicted class labels were combined and considered as reduced features. On the basis of these features, a multilayer perceptron was applied and developed the final prediction model (IML-TYLCVs). We conducted blind prediction on 3 groups using IML-TYLCVs, and the results indicated that 2 groups were severe and 1 group was mild. Furthermore, we confirmed the prediction with virus-challenging experiments of tomato plant phenotypes using infectious clones from 3 groups. Plant virologists and plant breeding professionals can access the user-friendly online IML-TYLCVs web server at https://balalab-skku.org/IML-TYLCVs , which can guide them in developing new protection strategies for newly emerging viruses.

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24

Liu, Chunchen, Mengfei Li, Huilong Ma, Zhubin Hu, Xinyuan Wang, Rui Ma, Yingying Jiang, Haitao Sun, Shoujun Zhu, and Yongye Liang. "Furan Donor for NIR-II Molecular Fluorophores with Enhanced Bioimaging Performance." Research, January 11, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/research.0039.

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25

Deng, Fangfang, Juntao Chen, Junxiang Xiang, Yong Li, Yan Qiao, Ze Liu, and Tao Ding. "Light-Programmed Bistate Colloidal Actuation Based on Photothermal Active Plasmonic Substrate." Research 6 (January 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/research.0020.

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Active particles have been regarded as the key models to mimic and understand the complex systems of nature. Although chemical and field-powered active particles have received wide attentions, light-programmed actuation with long-range interaction and high throughput remains elusive. Here, we utilize photothermal active plasmonic substrate made of porous anodic aluminum oxide filled with Au nanoparticles and poly( N -isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) to optically oscillate silica beads with robust reversibility. The thermal gradient generated by the laser beam incurs the phase change of PNIPAM, producing gradient of surface forces and large volume changes within the complex system. The dynamic evolution of phase change and water diffusion in PNIPAM films result in bistate locomotion of silica beads, which can be programmed by modulating the laser beam. This light-programmed bistate colloidal actuation provides promising opportunity to control and mimic the natural complex systems.

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26

Chu, Mingyu, Xianpeng Wang, Xuchun Wang, Xiangxi Lou, Congyang Zhang, Muhan Cao, Lu Wang, et al. "Site-selective polyolefin hydrogenolysis on atomic Ru for methanation suppression and liquid fuel production." Research, January 11, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/research.0032.

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27

Zhuo, Fulin, Jie Wu, Binhong Li, Moyang Li, Chee Leong Tan, Zhongzhong Luo, Huabin Sun, Yong Xu, and Zhihao Yu. "Modify power and performance of two-dimensional MoS ₂ field effect transistor." Research, January 11, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/research.0057.

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28

Zhang, Xin, Chunchun Yin, Jingxuan You, Ruiqiao Li, Jinming Zhang, Yaohui Cheng, Yirong Wang, and Jun Zhang. "Cellulose-based Ultralong room-temperature phosphorescence nanomaterials with tunable color and high quantum yield via Nano-surface confining effect." Research, January 11, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/research.0029.

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29

Ren, Jie, Hao-Wen Li, Liang Chen, Min Zhang, Yan-Xiang Liu, Bo-Wen Zhang, Rui Xu, et al. "Mass Spectrometry Imaging-Based Single-Cell Lipidomics Profiles Metabolic Signatures of Heart Failure." Research 6 (January 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/research.0019.

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Heart failure (HF), leading as one of the main causes of mortality, has become a serious public health issue with high prevalence around the world. Single cardiomyocyte (CM) metabolomics promises to revolutionize the understanding of HF pathogenesis since the metabolic remodeling in the human hearts plays a vital role in the disease progression. Unfortunately, current metabolic analysis is often limited by the dynamic features of metabolites and the critical needs for high-quality isolated CMs. Here, high-quality CMs were directly isolated from transgenic HF mice biopsies and further employed in the cellular metabolic analysis. The lipids landscape in individual CMs was profiled with a delayed extraction mode in time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry. Specific metabolic signatures were identified to distinguish HF CMs from the control subjects, presenting as possible single-cell biomarkers. The spatial distributions of these signatures were imaged in single cells, and those were further found to be strongly associated with lipoprotein metabolism, transmembrane transport, and signal transduction. Taken together, we systematically studied the lipid metabolism of single CMs with a mass spectrometry imaging method, which directly benefited the identification of HF-associated signatures and a deeper understanding of HF-related metabolic pathways.

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30

Li, Jiaying, Jinjin Ma, Qian Feng, En Xie, Qingchen Meng, Wenmiao Shu, Junxi Wu, Liming Bian, Fengxuan Han, and Bin Li. "Building Osteogenic Microenvironments with a Double-Network Composite Hydrogel for Bone Repair." Research 6 (January 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/research.0021.

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The critical factor determining the in vivo effect of bone repair materials is the microenvironment, which greatly depends on their abilities to promote vascularization and bone formation. However, implant materials are far from ideal candidates for guiding bone regeneration due to their deficient angiogenic and osteogenic microenvironments. Herein, a double-network composite hydrogel combining vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-mimetic peptide with hydroxyapatite (HA) precursor was developed to build an osteogenic microenvironment for bone repair. The hydrogel was prepared by mixing acrylated β-cyclodextrins and octacalcium phosphate (OCP), an HA precursor, with gelatin solution, followed by ultraviolet photo-crosslinking. To improve the angiogenic potential of the hydrogel, QK, a VEGF-mimicking peptide, was loaded in acrylated β-cyclodextrins. The QK-loaded hydrogel promoted tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells and upregulated the expression of angiogenesis-related genes, such as Flt1 , Kdr , and VEGF , in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Moreover, QK could recruit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Furthermore, OCP in the composite hydrogel could be transformed into HA and release calcium ions facilitating bone regeneration. The double-network composite hydrogel integrated QK and OCP showed obvious osteoinductive activity. The results of animal experiments showed that the composite hydrogel enhanced bone regeneration in skull defects of rats, due to perfect synergistic effects of QK and OCP on vascularized bone regeneration. In summary, improving the angiogenic and osteogenic microenvironments by our double-network composite hydrogel shows promising prospects for bone repair.

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31

Xu, Lan, Geng Huangfu, Yiping Guo, and Ya Yang. "Charge density-based pyroelectric vacuum sensor." Research, January 11, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/research.0028.

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32

Tang, Jue, Jing He, Huiqin Guo, Huiran Lin, Meng Li, Tianyou Yang, Hai-Yun Wang, et al. "PTBP2-mediated alternative splicing of IRF9 controls tumor-associated monocyte/macrophage chemotaxis and repolarization in neuroblastoma progression." Research, January 11, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/research.0033.

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33

Cheng, Liqin, Tingting Liu, Liming Lian, Guosheng Tang, Luis Santiago Mille, Fabricio R. García, Lars Engstrand, Yu Shrike Zhang, and Juan Du. "A 3D-bioprinted gut anaerobic model for studying bacteria-host interactions." Research, January 11, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/research.0058.

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34

Zhang, Bohua, Huaiyu Wu, Howuk Kim, Phoebe J. Welch, Ashley Cornett, Greyson Stocker, Raul G. Nogueira, et al. "A model of high-speed endovascular Sonothrombolysis with vortex ultrasound-induced shear stress to treat cerebral venous sinus thrombosis." Research, January 11, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/research.0048.

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35

Gál, László, Tamás Bellák, Annamária Marton, Zoltán Fekécs, Drew Weissman, Dénes Török, Rachana Biju, et al. "Restoration of motor function through delayed Intraspinal delivery of human IL-10-encoding nucleoside-modified mRNA after spinal cord injury." Research, January 11, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/research.0056.

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36

Tao, Ran, Wei Fang, Jun Wu, Binhong Dou, Wanghuai Xu, Zhanying Zheng, Bing Li, Zuankai Wang, Xiqiao Feng, and Chonglei Hao. "Rotating Surfaces Promote the Shedding of Droplets." Research 6 (January 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/research.0023.

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Achieving rapid shedding of droplets from solid surfaces has received substantial attention because of its diverse applications. Previous studies have focused on minimizing contact times of liquid droplets interacting with stationary surfaces, yet little consideration has been given to that of moving surfaces. Here, we report a different scenario: A water droplet rapidly detaches from micro/nanotextured rotating surfaces in an intriguing doughnut shape, contributing to about 40% contact time reduction compared with that on stationary surfaces. The doughnut-shaped bouncing droplet fragments into satellites and spontaneously scatters, thus avoiding further collision with the substrate. In particular, the contact time is highly dependent on impact velocities of droplets, beyond previous descriptions of classical inertial-capillary scaling law. Our results not only deepen the fundamental understanding of droplet dynamics on moving surfaces but also suggest a synergistic mechanism to actively regulate the contact time by coupling the kinematics of droplet impingement and surface rotation.

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37

Liu, Jing, Duyang Gao, Dehong Hu, Siyi Lan, Yu Liu, Hairong Zheng, Zhen Yuan, and Zonghai Sheng. "Delivery of biomimetic liposomes via meningeal lymphatic vessels route for targeted therapy of Parkinson’s disease." Research, January 11, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/research.0030.

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38

Zhang, Nan, Lei Qu, Huan Hu, Ran Huo, Yushan Meng, Chunbo Duan, Jing Zhang, Chunmiao Han, Guohua Xie, and Hui Xu. "Sky Blue and Yellow Cluster Light-Emitting Diodes Based on Asymmetric Cu ₄ I ₄ Nanocubes." Research 2022 (January 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/research.0005.

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Controllably optimizing excited-state characteristics is crucial for luminescent nanoclusters but remains a formidable challenge. Herein, we report an effective “ligand-induced asymmetrization” strategy for constructing thermally activated delayed fluorescence-featured cubic Cu 4 I 4 nanoclusters with asymmetric configurations, named [tBCzDBFDP] 2 Cu 4 I 4 and [PTZDBFDP] 2 Cu 4 I 4 . Through changing 3,6-di- tert -butyl-carbazole (tBCz) to phenothiazine (PTZ) with a stronger electron-donating effect, emission color is tuned from greenish blue of [tBCzDBFDP] 2 Cu 4 I 4 to yellow of [PTZDBFDP] 2 Cu 4 I 4 , as well as the triplet locally excited state of the former to the triplet charge transfer state of the latter. Temperature-correlated spectroscopic investigation indicates that in terms of triplet quenching suppression, [tBCzDBFDP] 2 Cu 4 I 4 is superior to [PTZDBFDP] 2 Cu 4 I 4 , in accord with the stabilities of their triplet locally excited state and triplet charge transfer state. As a consequence, these asymmetric Cu 4 I 4 nanocubes endowed their cluster light-emitting diodes with the external quantum efficiencies beyond 12% for sky blue and 8% for yellow. These results suggest the significance and effectiveness of ligand engineering for optoelectronic nanoclusters.

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Li, Yue, Yuan Wei, Yabao Yang, Lu Zheng, Lei Luo, Jiuwei Gao, Hanjun Jiang, et al. "The Soft-Strain Effect Enabled High-Performance Flexible Pressure Sensor and Its Application in Monitoring Pulse Waves." Research 2022 (January 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/research.0002.

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Flexible and wearable pressure sensors attached to human skin are effective and convenient in accurate and real-time tracking of various physiological signals for disease diagnosis and health assessment. Conventional flexible pressure sensors are constructed using compressible dielectric or conductive layers, which are electrically sensitive to external mechanical stimulation. However, saturated deformation under large compression significantly restrains the detection range and sensitivity of such sensors. Here, we report a novel type of flexible pressure sensor to overcome the compression saturation of the sensing layer by soft-strain effect, enabling an ultra-high sensitivity of ~636 kPa −1 and a wide detection range from 0.1 kPa to 56 kPa. In addition, the cyclic loading-unloading test reveals the excellent stability of the sensor, which maintains its signal detection after 10,000 cycles of 10 kPa compression. The sensor is capable of monitoring arterial pulse waves from both deep tissue and distal parts, such as digital arteries and dorsal pedal arteries, which can be used for blood pressure estimation by pulse transit time at the same artery branch.

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40

Zou, Rongjun, Jun Tao, Jie He, Chaojie Wang, Songtao Tan, Yu Xia, Xing Chang, et al. "PGAM5-Mediated PHB2 Dephosphorylation Contributes to Diabetic Cardiomyopathy by Disrupting Mitochondrial Quality Surveillance." Research 2022 (January 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/research.0001.

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Disruption of the mitochondrial quality surveillance (MQS) system contributes to mitochondrial dysfunction in diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). In this study, we observed that cardiac expression of phosphoglycerate mutase 5 (PGAM5), a mitochondrial Ser/Thr protein phosphatase, is upregulated in mice with streptozotocin-induced DCM. Notably, DCM-related cardiac structural and functional deficits were negated in cardiomyocyte-specific Pgam5 knockout ( Pgam5 CKO ) mice. Hyperglycemic stress impaired adenosine triphosphate production, reduced respiratory activity, and prolonged mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening in acutely isolated neonatal cardiomyocytes from control Pgam5 f/f mice, and these effects were markedly prevented in cardiomyocytes from Pgam5 CKO mice. Likewise, three main MQS-governed processes—namely, mitochondrial fission/fusion cycling, mitophagy, and biogenesis—were disrupted by hyperglycemia in Pgam5 f/f , but not in Pgam5 CKO , cardiomyocytes. On the basis of bioinformatics prediction of interaction between PGAM5 and prohibitin 2 (PHB2), an inner mitochondrial membrane-associated scaffolding protein, co-immunoprecipitation, and immunoblot assays demonstrated that PGAM5 dephosphorylates PHB2 on Ser91. Transfection of cardiomyocytes with phosphodefective or phosphomimetic Ser91 mutants of PHB2 confirmed a critical role for PGAM5-mediated dephosphorylation of PHB2 in mitochondrial dysfunction associated with hyperglycemic stress. Furthermore, knockin mice expressing phosphomimetic PHB2 S91D were resistant to diabetes-induced cardiac dysfunction. Our findings highlight the PGAM-PHB2 axis as a novel and critical regulator of mitochondrial dysfunction in DCM.

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41

Zhang, Xiao-Chen, Cheng-Kun Wu, Jia-Cai Yi, Xiang-Xiang Zeng, Can-Qun Yang, Ai-Ping Lu, Ting-Jun Hou, and Dong-Sheng Cao. "Pushing the Boundaries of Molecular Property Prediction for Drug Discovery with Multitask Learning BERT Enhanced by SMILES Enumeration." Research 2022 (January 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/research.0004.

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Accurate prediction of pharmacological properties of small molecules is becoming increasingly important in drug discovery. Traditional feature-engineering approaches heavily rely on handcrafted descriptors and/or fingerprints, which need extensive human expert knowledge. With the rapid progress of artificial intelligence technology, data-driven deep learning methods have shown unparalleled advantages over feature-engineering-based methods. However, existing deep learning methods usually suffer from the scarcity of labeled data and the inability to share information between different tasks when applied to predicting molecular properties, thus resulting in poor generalization capability. Here, we proposed a novel multitask learning BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformer) framework, named MTL-BERT, which leverages large-scale pre-training, multitask learning, and SMILES (simplified molecular input line entry specification) enumeration to alleviate the data scarcity problem. MTL-BERT first exploits a large amount of unlabeled data through self-supervised pretraining to mine the rich contextual information in SMILES strings and then fine-tunes the pretrained model for multiple downstream tasks simultaneously by leveraging their shared information. Meanwhile, SMILES enumeration is used as a data enhancement strategy during the pretraining, fine-tuning, and test phases to substantially increase data diversity and help to learn the key relevant patterns from complex SMILES strings. The experimental results showed that the pretrained MTL-BERT model with few additional fine-tuning can achieve much better performance than the state-of-the-art methods on most of the 60 practical molecular datasets. Additionally, the MTL-BERT model leverages attention mechanisms to focus on SMILES character features essential to target properties for model interpretability.

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42

Du, Yawei, Chao Li, Yu Zhang, Wei Xiong, Fei Wang, Juan Wang, Yingze Zhang, et al. "In Situ-Activated Phospholipid-Mimic Artemisinin Prodrug via Injectable Hydrogel Nano/Microsphere for Rheumatoid Arthritis Therapy." Research 2022 (January 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/research.0003.

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In situ-activated therapy is a decent option for localized diseases with improved efficacies and reduced side effects, which is heavily dependent on the local conversion or activation of bioinert components. In this work, we applied a phospholipid-mimic artemisinin prodrug (ARP) for preparing an injectable nano/microsphere to first realize an in situ-activated therapy of the typical systemically administrated artemisinin-based medicines for a localized rheumatoid arthritis (RA) lesion. ARP is simultaneously an alternative of phospholipids and an enzyme-independent activable prodrug, which can formulate “drug-in-drug” co-delivery liposomes with cargo of partner drugs (e.g., methotrexate). To further stabilize ARP/methotrexate “drug-in-drug” liposomes (MTX/ARPL) for a long-term intra-articular retention, a liposome-embedded hydrogel nano/microsphere (MTX/ARPL@MS) was prepared. After the local injection, the MTX/ARPL could be slowly released because of imine hydrolysis and targeted to RA synovial macrophages and fibroblasts simultaneously. ARP assembly is relatively stable before cellular internalization but disassembled ARP after lysosomal escape and converted into dihydroartemisinin rapidly to realize the effective in situ activation. Taken together, phospholipid-mimic ARP was applied for the firstly localized in situ-activated RA therapy of artemisinin-based drugs, which also provided a brand-new phospholipid-mimic strategy for other systemically administrated prodrugs to realize a remodeling therapeutic schedule for localized diseases.

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43

Liang, Buwen, Wenhao Shi, Can Ni, Bowen Tan, Yiying Zhu, and Shaojun Tang. "SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Post Translational Modification Landscape and Its Impact on Protein Structure and Function via Computational Prediction." Research, February 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/research.0078.

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Li, Feng, Rui Tang, Baocai Zhang, Chunxiao Qiao, Huan Yu, Qijing Liu, Junqi Zhang, Liang Shi, and Hao Song. "Systematic Full-cycle Engineering Microbial Biofilms to Boost Electricity Production in Shewanella oneidensis." Research, February 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/research.0081.

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Zhang, You, Di Zhang, Shuxian An, Qiufang Liu, Chenyi Liang, Juan Li, Ping Liu, et al. "Development and characterization of nanobody-derived CD47 theranostic pairs in solid tumors." Research, February 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/research.0077.

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Cao, Changsheng, Shenghua Zhou, Shouwei Zuo, Huabin Zhang, Bo Chen, Junheng Huang, Xin-Tao Wu, Qiang Xu, and Qi-Long Zhu. "Si-doping induced electronic structure regulation of single-atom Fe sites for boosted CO2 electroreduction at low overpotentials." Research, February 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/research.0079.

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Zhang, Xin, Xinmiao Ji, Xiaofei Tian, Shuang Feng, Lei Zhang, Junjun Wang, Ruowen Guo, et al. "Intermittent F-actin Perturbations by Magnetic Fields Inhibit Breast Cancer Metastasis." Research, February 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/research.0080.

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Cai, Lijun, Dongyu Xu, Zeyou Zhang, Ning Li, and Yuanjin Zhao. "Tailoring Functional Micromotors for Sensing." Research 6 (January 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/research.0044.

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Micromotors are identified as a promising candidate in the field of sensing benefiting from their capacity of autonomous movement. Here, a review on the development of tailoring micromotors for sensing is presented, covering from their propulsion mechanisms and sensing strategies to applications. First, we concisely summarize the propulsion mechanism of micromotors involving fuel-based propulsion and fuel-free propulsion introducing their principles. Then, emphasis is laid to the sensing stratagems of the micromotors including speed-based sensing strategy, fluorescence-based sensing strategy, and other strategies. We listed typical examples of different sensing stratagems. After that, we introduce the applications of micromotors in sensing fields including environmental science, food safety, and biomedical fields. Finally, we discuss the challenges and prospects of the micromotors tailored for sensing. We believe that this comprehensive review can help readers to catch the research frontiers in the field of sensing and thus to burst out new ideas.

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Qin, Zhaoxian, Zhiwen Li, Sachil Sharma, Yongwu Peng, Rongchao Jin, and Gao Li. "Self-Assembly of Silver Clusters into One- and Two-Dimensional Structures and Highly Selective Methanol Sensing." Research 2022 (January 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/research.0018.

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The development of new materials for the design of sensitive and responsive sensors has become a crucial research direction. Here, two silver cluster-based polymers (Ag-CBPs), including one-dimensional {[Ag 22 (L1) 8 (CF 3 CO 2 ) 14 ](CH 3 OH) 2 } n chain and two-dimensional {[Ag 12 (L2) 2 (CO 2 CF 3 ) 14 (H 2 O) 4 (AgCO 2 CF 3 ) 4 ](HNEt 3 ) 2 } n film, are designed and used to simulate the human nose, an elegant sensor to smells, to distinguish organic solvents. We study the relationship between the atomic structures of Ag-CBPs determined by x-ray diffraction and the electrical properties in the presence of organic solvents (e.g., methanol and ethanol). The ligands, cations, and the ligated solvent molecules not only play an important role in the self-assembly process of Ag-CBP materials but also determine their physiochemical properties such as the sensing functionality.

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Heng, Jin-Meng, Hao-Lin Zhu, Zhen-Hua Zhao, Da-Shuai Huang, Jun-Yi Li, Pei-Qin Liao, and Xiao-Ming Chen. "A Conductive Dinuclear Cuprous Complex Mimicking the Active Edge Site of the Copper(100)/(111) Plane for Selective Electroreduction of CO ₂ to C ₂ H ₄ at Industrial Current Density." Research 2022 (January 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/research.0008.

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Inorganic solids are a kind of important catalysts, and their activities usually come from sparse active sites, which are structurally different from inactive bulk. Therefore, the rational optimization of activity depends on studying these active sites. Copper is a widely used catalyst and is expected to be a promising catalyst for the electroreduction of CO 2 to C 2 H 4 . Here, we report a conductive dinuclear cuprous complex with a short Cu···Cu contact for the electroreduction of CO 2 to C 2 H 4 . By using 1 H -[1,10]phenanthrolin-2-one and Cu(I) ions, a dinuclear cuprous complex [Cu 2 (ophen) 2 ] (Cuophen) with a remarkable conductivity (3.9 × 10 −4 S m −1 ) and a short intramolecular Cu···Cu contact (2.62 Å) was obtained. Such a short Cu···Cu contact is close to the distance of 2.54 Å between 2 adjacent Cu atoms in the edge of the copper(100)/(111) plane. Detailed examination of Cuophen revealed a high activity for the electroreduction of CO 2 to C 2 H 4 with a Faradaic efficiency of 55(1)% and a current density of 580 mA cm −2 , and no obvious degradation was observed over 50 h of continuous operation. Comparing the properties and mechanisms of Cuophen and 2 other copper complexes with different Cu···Cu distances, we found that the shorter Cu···Cu distance is conducive not only for a *CO species to bridge 2 copper ions into a more stable intermediate transition state but also for C–C coupling.

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