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1
Zulkarnain, Zulkarnain, Islahudin Islahudin, and Nuryanti Tul Zahrah. "Motion Graphic-Based Work and Energy Physic Learning Media Development." Jurnal Educatio FKIP UNMA 9, no. 1 (January 30, 2023): 65–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.31949/educatio.v9i1.4284.
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Physic learning usually requires more observation to form certain knowledge and concepts. Physic does not only consist of a collection of various knowledge or facts that can be memorized, but also consists of an active process of using the mind in studying natural phenomena that cannot be explained. Physics subject is one of the keys to success in increasing the ability to adapt to change and enter the world of technology. Therefore, certain ways are needed to convey the material in science lessons, especially physics. This study aims to produce Motion Graphic-based Work and Energy Learning Media on feasible work and energy materials in terms of materials, media, and students' responses. The research method used is research and development (R&D), using the 4D model (Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate). The subjects were conducted in class X IPA 1, which consisted of 15 students. The instrument used is a questionnaire. The results showed that media could be used as a teaching media in the physics subject of work and energy based on expert judgment with very good categories for media, materials, and students' responses. So it can be concluded that Work and Energy motion graphic media can be employed as a ground-breaking teaching tool for engaging Work and Energy physic material.
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Wahyuni*, Sri, Pramudya Dwi Aristya Putra, and Siti Anisa Hidayati. "Pengembangan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik Elektronik berbasis Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics untuk Meningkatkan Kreativitas Siswa SMP." Jurnal Pendidikan Sains Indonesia 10, no. 3 (July 20, 2022): 492–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.24815/jpsi.v10i3.24244.
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Electronic student worksheets or E-LKPD are teaching materials designed digitally to support the learning process based on science, technology, engineering mathematics or STEM to increase student creativity through project design, planning activity schedules or work plans. This study aims to develop a valid, practical, and effective STEM-based E-LKPD in increasing the creativity of junior high school students. The methodology used in this research is research and development (RD) with the ADDIE model, namely analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The analysis stage is to determine and define student needs through interviews with teachers and students. The design stage is done by designing a STEM-based E-LKPD that suits the needs in terms of design, language, and materials. The development stage is carried out by developing products that are validated by validators, namely material experts, media experts, and science subject teachers to determine the feasibility of the product. The implementation phase is a trial using STEM-based E-LKPD on student creativity. The evaluation stage is carried out with the final revision of the product developed in accordance with the input suggestions at the implementation stage. The results of the study can be concluded that the STEM-based E-LKPD on temperature and heat materials to increase the creativity of junior high school students shows results with valid, practical, and effective categories
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Sutamrin, Sutamrin, Rosidah Rosidah, and Ahmad Zaki. "The Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) of Prospective Teachers." EduLine: Journal of Education and Learning Innovation 2, no. 4 (November 12, 2022): 399–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.35877/454ri.eduline1291.
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This research aims to find out the pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) of prospective teacher related to material at the junior high school level in terms of their academic abilities. To achieve the research target, 2 instruments were used, namely 1) a core instrument to measure emotional intelligence in the form of a questionnaire, 2) an interview guide related to the core instrument that had been filled in. This research was conducted at the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, UNM Makassar in the Mathematics Department. Subjects were categorized into 2 categories, namely categories I and II based on their academic abilities as seen from the GPA of students while studying in the Mathematics Education Study Program. Prospective teacher students are given the core instrument to fill in, then 2 subjects in each category are selected for analysis of the results of filling in the core instrument and conducting interviews. The results of this study are that student teacher candidates 1) still lack orientation towards science teaching, 2) their knowledge of the curriculum still needs to be improved, 3) knowledge about understanding students' abilities still needs to be improved, 4) about science learning strategies still needs to be improved again and 5) still need to improve more knowledge in evaluating the learning process to identify misconceptions.
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Reformat, Beata. "Towards change – from classical to contemporary approaches and classification of innovation." Scientific Papers of Silesian University of Technology. Organization and Management Series 2023, no. 170 (2023): 423–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.29119/1641-3466.2023.170.27.
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Purpose: The aim of this paper is to capture the changes taking place in terms of capturing innovations, as well as the types of innovations emerging from them, characteristic of two research streams: classical and contemporary. Design/methodology/approach: The methodology applied in the article refers to the methodological canon of management sciences, including, among others, conceptual- theoretical research methodology. On their basis, a critical analysis of foreign and Polish literature on the subject in the field of management science, partly marketing and economics, was carried out. At the same time, a descriptive method and a comparative method were used to interpret and analyze the collected material. Findings: Significant changes taking place in the definition and classification of innovations by selected representatives of the studied currents were recognized. Significant factors causing these changes were identified, as well as the new values that appear in them. On this basis, it was shown that the understanding of innovation is significantly expanded over the years, because of which it should be considered incomplete. This justifies the continuing need to analyze emerging approaches and types of innovation. Research limitations/implications: The analysis of the subject matter in the proposed methodological approach makes it possible to systematize the knowledge of innovation in terms of defining the category "innovation" and its typology. Thus, it increases the recognition of the changes that accompany them. The important role of the factor of time, environment, information technology, values, and new needs of the recipients of innovations in the studied process is recognized. Originality/value: Deepening and updating the knowledge of defining categories of innovation and their classification. Evaluation of progressive changes in the scope of the concepts studied. Keywords: innovation, change, development, classifications of innovation. Category of the paper: A literature review.
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Tang, Liu, Shwu Jen Chang, Ching-Jung Chen, and Jen-Tsai Liu. "Non-Invasive Blood Glucose Monitoring Technology: A Review." Sensors 20, no. 23 (December 4, 2020): 6925. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20236925.
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In recent years, with the rise of global diabetes, a growing number of subjects are suffering from pain and infections caused by the invasive nature of mainstream commercial glucose meters. Non-invasive blood glucose monitoring technology has become an international research topic and a new method which could bring relief to a vast number of patients. This paper reviews the research progress and major challenges of non-invasive blood glucose detection technology in recent years, and divides it into three categories: optics, microwave and electrochemistry, based on the detection principle. The technology covers medical, materials, optics, electromagnetic wave, chemistry, biology, computational science and other related fields. The advantages and limitations of non-invasive and invasive technologies as well as electrochemistry and optics in non-invasives are compared horizontally in this paper. In addition, the current research achievements and limitations of non-invasive electrochemical glucose sensing systems in continuous monitoring, point-of-care and clinical settings are highlighted, so as to discuss the development tendency in future research. With the rapid development of wearable technology and transdermal biosensors, non-invasive blood glucose monitoring will become more efficient, affordable, robust, and more competitive on the market.
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Hlukhaniuk, Vitalii, Viktor Solovei, Svitlana Tsvilyk, and Iryna Shymkova. "STEAM EDUCATION AS A BENCHMARK FOR INNOVATIVE TRAINING OF FUTURE TEACHERS OF LABOUR TRAINING AND TECHNOLOGY." SOCIETY. INTEGRATION. EDUCATION. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference 1 (May 20, 2020): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/sie2020vol1.5000.
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The purpose of the article is to substantiate an innovative methodology for implementing the content of STEAM (science, technology, engineering, arts and math) education through the organization of creative projects of future teachers of labour training and technology.The future teacher should be able to fulfil the tasks of integration of different subject areas, to use knowledge from different disciplines to describe the system of transformative activity; to make well-founded structural and technological decisions and put them into practice; to choose rational ways, to plan, predict and evaluate efficiency of transformative activity; to create spatial models of products or processes.Investigating this problem, we used the methods of research: analysis and synthesis to clarify the basic concepts and categories of STEAM education; conceptual analysis for comparing traditional and STEAM-oriented approaches, curricula and programs, psychological-pedagogical and scientific-methodical literature, materials of scientific-practical conferences on the problem of research, advanced innovative pedagogical experience.The organization of project activities contributes to the formation of sustainable motivation in teaching the disciplines on which STEAM education is based. Creating a product from conception to implementation, students are aware of the integral theoretical and practical importance of knowledge in the natural-mathematical and technical disciplines of cycles of general and vocational training.
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Rohayati, Tuti. "The Use of Media and Demonstration Methods to Increase Understanding of Building Space in Third Grade Students Min 3 East Jakarta." Journal of Social Research 2, no. 3 (February 20, 2023): 1370–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.55324/josr.v2i3.809.
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In the curriculum of the education unit, there are five subject families, namely religion and noble morals, citizenship and personality, science and technology, aesthetics, physical, sports, and health. To improve student achievement in mathematics lessons, especially increasing understanding of building space through the use of media and demonstration methods for third grade students (3) MIN 3 Cijantung Kopassus complex East Jakarta. This research uses two cycles, each cycle consists of three meetings, namely the implementation of class action research cycle I will be carried out on February 7, 8, and 24, 2023 while the second cycle will be carried out on February 21, 28, 2023. This type of research is classroom action research which is research that aims to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of the teaching and learning process. Research is carried out in the classroom. Research activities in cycle I, at the first meeting researchers began the activity by filling in student attendance, praying, preparing teaching materials, models, props, reminding how to sit well when writing and reading, singing together while clapping, and repeating and reminding past lessons. With media and demonstration methods, it can increase the understanding of building space in grade 3 MIN 3 Cijantung MIN 3 Cijantung students, with evidence of an increase in learning outcomes described as follows: the first cycle of 29 students, which is categorized either as many as 9 people or 27%, sufficient categories as many as 17 people or 58.6% and categories less than 4 people or 1.16%.
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Yeh, Hsi-Yin, Chi-Wei Lo, Kai-Shing Chang, and Ssu-Han Chen. "Using hot patents to explore technological evolution: a case from the orthopaedic field." Electronic Library 36, no. 1 (February 5, 2018): 159–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/el-02-2017-0042.
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Purpose This study aims to propose a visualized model of hot technology evolution to describe its development. Design/methodology/approach The basic concept is to divide a technological field into a timeline consisting of several patent clusters. Hot technology trajectories are then explored using their continuity, as well as the point in time at which they occur. Findings Patents in orthopaedics between 1999 and 2014 have been chosen as the research subjects and the field is divided into several hot technology trajectories. A further step is taken by interpreting high-frequency key terms. Three categories – spine-related materials, bone repairing materials and bone plates – have been identified. Practical implications The trajectories presented by evolving diagrams allow readers to understand the evolution of hot technology and help analysts to plan layout and strategies to remain competitive. Originality/value Patent clusters reflect the knowledge context of technology development. Previous studies have focused on only new technology evolution and have rarely explored the knowledge context of hot patents that have been frequently cited in recent years. Such patents often guide the development of technology.
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Alintya, Elsofi, Hery Setiyawan, and Diyas Age Larasati. "Quick Calculation Ability on Students Metacognitive Using Wordwall Media in Class III Students at SDN Manukan Kulon Surabaya." EduLine: Journal of Education and Learning Innovation 2, no. 2 (June 28, 2022): 172–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.35877/454ri.eduline952.
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Mathematics is a branch of science that has an important role in the development of science and technology. Students at the elementary school level have a lack of understanding of the material presented, causing learning outcomes to be not optimal and do not achieve complete learning. The purpose of this research is to measure the ability of quick calculation ability on students' metacognitive used wordwall media in class III students at SDN Manukan Kulon Surabaya. The research design used descriptive qualitative research methods. The subjects of this study were class III students taken with the Purposive Sampling Technique in accordance with the criteria set by the researcher. The results showed that the wordwall media can help students in working on metacognitive ability test questions effectively with a score range of 1642-504 and students are helped in working on test questions with the wordwall media. This is because there are 3 subjects that have categories of metacognitive levels of Reflective Use, Strategic Use and Aware Use.
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Rodriguez-Salvador, Marisela, Baruc Emet Perez-Benitez, and Karen Marcela Padilla-Aguirre. "Discovering the Latest Scientific Pathways on Tissue Spheroids: Opportunities to Innovate." International Journal of Bioprinting 7, no. 1 (January 29, 2021): 331. http://dx.doi.org/10.18063/ijb.v7i1.331.
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Tissue spheroids consist of a three-dimensional model of cells which is capable of imitating the complicated composition of healthy and unhealthy human tissue. Due to their unique properties, they can bring innovative solutions to tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, where they can be used as building blocks for the formation of organ and tissue models used in drug experimentation. Considering the rapid transformation of the health industry, it is crucial to assess the research dynamics of this field to support the development of innovative applications. In this research, a scientometric analysis was performed as part of a Competitive Technology Intelligence methodology, to determine the main applications of tissue spheroids. Papers from Scopus and Web of Science published between 2000 and 2019 were organized and analyzed. In total, 868 scientific publications were identified, and four main categories of application were determined. Main subject areas, countries, cities, authors, journals, and institutions were established. In addition, a cluster analysis was performed to determine networks of collaborations between institutions and authors. This article provides insights into the applications of cell aggregates and the research dynamics of this field, which can help in the decision-making process to incorporate emerging and innovative technologies in the health industry.
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Zhou, Chilou, Yingjie Ren, Xinrui Yan, Yiran Zheng, and Baoqing Liu. "A Bibliometric and Visualized Overview of Hydrogen Embrittlement from 1997 to 2022." Energies 15, no. 23 (December 5, 2022): 9218. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15239218.
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The mechanical properties of materials deteriorate when hydrogen embrittlement (HE) occurs, seriously threatening the reliability and durability of the hydrogen system. Therefore, it is important to summarize the status and development trends of research on HE. This study reviewed 6676 publications concerned with HE from 1997 to 2022 based on the Web of Science Core Collection. VOSviewer was used to conduct the bibliometric analysis and produce visualizations of the publications. The results showed that the number of publications on HE increased after 2007, especially between 2017 and 2019. Japan was the country with the highest numbers of productive authors and citations of publications, and the total number of citations of Japanese publications was 24,589. Kyushu University was the most influential university, and the total number of citations of Kyushu University publications was 7999. Akiyama was the most prolific and influential author, publishing 88 publications with a total of 2565 citations. The USA, South Korea and some European countries are also leading in HE research; these countries have published more than 200 publications. It was also found that the HE publications generally covered five topics: “Hydrogen embrittlement in different materials”, “Effect of hydrogen on mechanical properties of materials”, “Effect of alloying elements or microstructure on hydrogen embrittlement”, “Hydrogen transport”, and “Characteristics and mechanisms of hydrogen related failures”. Research hotspots included “Fracture failure behavior and analysis”, “Microstructure”, “Hydrogen diffusion and transport”, “Mechanical properties”, “Hydrogen resistance”, and so on. These covered the basic methods and purposes of HE research. Finally, the distribution of the main subject categories of the publications was determined, and these categories covered various topics and disciplines. This study establishes valuable reference information for the application and development of HE research and provides a convenient resource to help researchers and scholars understand the development trends and research directions in this field.
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Lodygina, Polina A. "Scientific-Research Potential of the National Librarianship and Book Industry." Bibliotekovedenie [Russian Journal of Library Science] 71, no. 1 (March 23, 2022): 21–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.25281/0869-608x-2022-71-1-21-31.
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2021 was declared the Year of Science and Technology by the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 812 of December 25, 2020. The main purpose of its holding is the development of science and technology in our country. Support and improvement of the effectiveness of scientific research are directly related to libraries — scientific-research institutions. Within the framework of the Year of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation resumed the All-Russian competition of scientific works in the area of library science, bibliography and book studies, which took place in 1978—2014. The competition has established itself as one of the most effective methods of evaluating and encouraging the results of research work in librarianship. In 2021, it was organized and conducted by the National Library of Russia and the Russian State Library. On November 18, 2021, within the framework of the Annual Meeting of the Heads of federal and central regional libraries of Russia, the solemn awarding of the winners took place.In 2021, the jury of the competition considered 105 works (42 — in library science, 17 — in bibliography, 22 — in book studies, 24 works related to other categories). 150 authors from 41 subjects of the Russian Federation presented their works.The article presents in tabular form the winners in six nominations (“Best scientific work in the field of library science”; “Best scientific work in the field of bibliography science”; “Best scientific work in the field of book studies”; “Best scientific multimedia project”; “Best scientific work of regional libraries”; “Best scientific work of young specialist under the age of 35”). The article also presents the winners in additional nominations established by national libraries.The competition has shown significant scientific-research potential; and the materials presented are of great importance not only for the development of libraries and the branch as a whole, but also largely serve to solve social and humanitarian problems set out in the “Fundamentals of State Cultural Policy”, established by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 808 of December 24, 2014.It is advisable to consider the holding of the All-Russian competition of scientific papers in library science, bibliography and book studies in conjunction with other major scientific events in the library field that took place in 2021: publication of the collective monograph “Scientific research in libraries: topics, organization, presentation of results” and the International scientific and Practical Conference “Library science in the XXI century: content, organization, digitalization and scientometrics”. These events contributed to the support and development of science in librarianship in the framework of implementation of the “Strategy for the Development of Librarianship in the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030”.
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Khrinenko, Tatyana, Mykola Sadovyi, and Sergiy Ryabets. "IMPLEMENTATION OF METHODOLOGICAL AND DIDACTIC APPROACH OF TRAINING OF PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL EDUCATION SPECIALISTS." Academic Notes Series Pedagogical Science 1, no. 191 (2020): 264–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.36550/2415-7988-2020-1-191-264-269.
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The article is devoted to the problems of determining the ways of training highly qualified specialists in the field of vocational education. The problem is evidenced by the constant decrease in the order of the Ministry of Education and Science for specialists in the garment industry, services and even computer technology. The situation is similar in the field of mechanical engineering, materials processing, electronics. Natural sciences are in almost no demand, there is no effective actualization of the need for natural and mathematical training. However, global scientific and technological progress requires the accelerated development of these industries, which creates a contradiction in the state between social demand and reality. The laws of Ukraine, the resolutions of the Cabinet of Ministers, the orders of the Ministry of Education and Science on education indicate that they clearly highlight the long-term aspects of education development, including global: the idea of digital transformation and STEM education. In our opinion, the selected areas deserve attention. In this regard, we have outlined the structure of the study of the educational state of society, on the basis of which it is advisable to conduct research to eliminate the contradictions that occur. In a holistic system, the trajectory of further development should be outlined: - according to the horizontal rhythm of system changes (cyclicity, recurrence); - vertical, which ensures the development of the system, ie the next turn of the spiral is higher than the previous one. Given the holistic system of the structure of progress of the educational society, the trajectories of development form the concept of a methodological approach to the concept of sustainable development on the basis of digitalization and stemization. The whole educational system must be permeated with fundamental didactic categories and principles that serve as links between the elements of the system. Practice shows that studying pedagogy, methods of teaching a subject for a student mostly ends with a final certification. In this regard, the educational system must be permeated with fundamental didactic categories and principles that serve as links between the elements of the system. Practice shows that studying pedagogy, methods of teaching a subject for a student mostly ends with a final certification, and at school it all mostly goes into the background. Therefore, the article considers the basic patterns of formation of lesson theory.
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Andreeva, Irina V. "“To Recognize and Read Something as a Document...”: (The Transfer of Things in Research Reflections by G.L. Dain)." Observatory of Culture 17, no. 4 (September 8, 2020): 414–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.25281/2072-3156-2020-17-4-414-425.
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This article examines the cultural aspects of museum documentation as a process of identifying items to be preserved and actualized as historical documents. In the system of concepts of museum technology, it is designated as a selection process, from the point of view of museum philosophy — as implementation of the specific/museum’s attitude to reality. In the categories of cultural studies, the documentation can be considered as a subject-contextual transfer of things. This case’s formation can be now traced in the articles by J. Dolák, A.N. Balash, A.A. Nikonova, E.V. Abroskina.Basing on the analysis of published materials of the art historian G.L. Dain’s expedition diaries, the article considers the path of a thing to a museum. In addition to institutional factors, the range of her research setting includes the scientific credo of a scientist with a pronounced cultural discourse. This is “the study of toys in living connections with folk life and art, as part of the entire complex of children’s culture”, the knowledge of “the spiritual side of the mechanism of succession in folk culture”. On its basis, a corpus of individual field work methods is formed, relevant to the logic of the modern interpretive turn in the cultural sciences. Their initial message is the perception of a thing as a textual model of national culture, the setting on its multi-layer readability based on the idea of culture as a text. The article considers the subject-contextual transfer of things on the examples of acquiring the items of Bashkir, Chukchi, Eskimo and Buryat traditional cultures for museum collections. Special attention is paid to recreating things from memory by the bearers of the tradition. As a result, a conclusion is made about the five-component structure of the museum documentation process, which includes: cultural metareality — thing — document — object of museum value — museum object. The logic of transformations of things is concretized by the scheme of systematic cultural analysis: document — text — context — discourse — interpretation.
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Budiyanto, Cucuk, Regina Nur Fitriyaningsih, Faiz Kamal, Rosihan Ariyuana, and Agus Efendi. "Hands-on Learning In STEM: Revisiting Educational Robotics as a Learning Style Precursor." Open Engineering 10, no. 1 (July 7, 2020): 649–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eng-2020-0071.
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AbstractThe importance of learning style in student’s learning performance has been gaining scholar’s attention since it was coined in the early 70s. Atmatzidou’s robotics procedure of a five-stages robotic activities was deployed in the research. This study adopts a case study research design for gathering and analyzing data as the case research allows the exploration of unforeseen phenomena and offers insights into the interdependencies among components revealed in the study. This research introduces the use of Lego Mindstorm as the mean of pro-filing a student’s behavioral patterns. Student’s behavior patterns, then, mapped into radar charts to present the extent of both Kolb and science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM)’s profile of student’s learning style categories. The paper contributes to theory by extending Kolb’s Learning Style instrument by mapping the pattern of learning styles identified in the research and exploring students learning experience. Dominant four-domain-indicators captured during the activities characterize Students’ learning profiles. While the Kolb Learning Style and its instrument are considered classic in hands-on literature, the use of educational robotics to elaborate students’ learning style is novel in the literature that may affect the delivery of non-technology subjects in the curricula.
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Zharova, Elena, and Elizaveta Agamirova. "Monitoring the Tools of Financial Support Available to Young Researchers in Russia." Science Governance and Scientometrics 15, no. 3 (September 1, 2020): 356–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.33873/2686-6706.2020.15-3.356-409.
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Introduction. Human resources potential is one of the most important tools for achieving the objectives included in the key programme documents for the development of science and technology in the Russian Federation and the main element in the research and development resources of the state. Human resources potential is fundamentally made up of researchers employed in science and technology, including young researchers. Even though in recent years the government of Russia has been paying a lot of attention to developing mechanisms to attract and support young researchers in the sciences, we are still seeing a decline in their number, including in the number of researchers aged 39 or younger. The article presents the findings of tools for monitoring the financial support available to young researchers, recipients of scholarships and grants from the president of Russia, as well as grants provided by key research foundations. Monitoring Tools. The main monitoring tool is formal logic methods such as classification, analysis, synthesis, deduction, and induction. The monitoring was conducted using the materials published on the official websites of research foundations, the annual reports of said foundations, as well as other information in the public domain. The monitoring covered 42 foundations and 8 federal regulatory acts. The subject of the study was the financial tools for supporting young researchers, specifically the grants and scholarships of the president of the Russian Federation and major research foundations such as the Russian Research Foundation, the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, the Foundation for Assistance to Small Innovative Enterprises, and the Skolkovo Foundation, as well as state-funded programmes aimed at supporting young researchers; the findings of the monitoring are summed up in consolidated tables. Results. The support system for grant recipients spans all age categories of young researchers. Meanwhile, federal programmes offer a broader range of assistance to students, postgraduate students, and young researchers than to candidates and doctors of sciences. The most common types of assistance are grants and scholarships, while prizes are not as common. Regional and industrial foundations for assisting research, development, and innovation only function in some regions of the Russian Federation. Programmes aimed at supporting research activities are offered by regional and industry foundations through their official websites and are widely varied (the most common offerings include competitions, training programmes, organisation of conferences, exhibitions, forums, as well as special prizes and grants). Conclusion. Thus, the article provides information about the existing system of grants aimed at providing support and assistance to young researchers; the article also offers some information about the conditions, amounts, and timeframe for the provision of the scholarships and grants from the President of the Russian Federation; there is also a review of the tools for assisting young researchers in the context of such recipients’ status, as well as the forms and types of assistance (including for young researchers) provided by industry and regional foundations for research, development, and innovation.
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Tabucol, Johnnidel, Vera Geertruida Maria Kooiman, Marco Leopaldi, Tommaso Maria Brugo, Ruud Adrianus Leijendekkers, Gregorio Tagliabue, Vishal Raveendranathan, et al. "The Functionality Verification through Pilot Human Subject Testing of MyFlex-δ: An ESR Foot Prosthesis with Spherical Ankle Joint." Applied Sciences 12, no. 9 (April 30, 2022): 4575. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12094575.
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Most biomechanical research has focused on level-ground walking giving less attention to other conditions. As a result, most lower limb prosthesis studies have focused on sagittal plane movements. In this paper, an ESR foot is presented, of which five different stiffnesses were optimized for as many weight categories of users. It is characterized by a spherical ankle joint, with which, combined with the elastic elements, the authors wanted to create a prosthesis that gives the desired stiffness in the sagittal plane but at the same time, gives flexibility in the other planes to allow the adaptation of the foot prosthesis to the ground conditions. The ESR foot was preliminarily tested by participants with transfemoral amputation. After a brief familiarization with the device, each participant was asked to wear markers and to walk on a sensorized treadmill to measure their kinematics and kinetics. Then, each participant was asked to leave feedback via an evaluation questionnaire. The measurements and feedback allowed us to evaluate the performance of the prosthesis quantitatively and qualitatively. Although there were no significant improvements on the symmetry of the gait, due also to very limited familiarization time, the participants perceived an improvement brought by the spherical ankle joint.
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Gooding, Piers, and Timothy Kariotis. "Ethics and Law in Research on Algorithmic and Data-Driven Technology in Mental Health Care: Scoping Review." JMIR Mental Health 8, no. 6 (June 10, 2021): e24668. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/24668.
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Background Uncertainty surrounds the ethical and legal implications of algorithmic and data-driven technologies in the mental health context, including technologies characterized as artificial intelligence, machine learning, deep learning, and other forms of automation. Objective This study aims to survey empirical scholarly literature on the application of algorithmic and data-driven technologies in mental health initiatives to identify the legal and ethical issues that have been raised. Methods We searched for peer-reviewed empirical studies on the application of algorithmic technologies in mental health care in the Scopus, Embase, and Association for Computing Machinery databases. A total of 1078 relevant peer-reviewed applied studies were identified, which were narrowed to 132 empirical research papers for review based on selection criteria. Conventional content analysis was undertaken to address our aims, and this was supplemented by a keyword-in-context analysis. Results We grouped the findings into the following five categories of technology: social media (53/132, 40.1%), smartphones (37/132, 28%), sensing technology (20/132, 15.1%), chatbots (5/132, 3.8%), and miscellaneous (17/132, 12.9%). Most initiatives were directed toward detection and diagnosis. Most papers discussed privacy, mainly in terms of respecting the privacy of research participants. There was relatively little discussion of privacy in this context. A small number of studies discussed ethics directly (10/132, 7.6%) and indirectly (10/132, 7.6%). Legal issues were not substantively discussed in any studies, although some legal issues were discussed in passing (7/132, 5.3%), such as the rights of user subjects and privacy law compliance. Conclusions Ethical and legal issues tend to not be explicitly addressed in empirical studies on algorithmic and data-driven technologies in mental health initiatives. Scholars may have considered ethical or legal matters at the ethics committee or institutional review board stage. If so, this consideration seldom appears in published materials in applied research in any detail. The form itself of peer-reviewed papers that detail applied research in this field may well preclude a substantial focus on ethics and law. Regardless, we identified several concerns, including the near-complete lack of involvement of mental health service users, the scant consideration of algorithmic accountability, and the potential for overmedicalization and techno-solutionism. Most papers were published in the computer science field at the pilot or exploratory stages. Thus, these technologies could be appropriated into practice in rarely acknowledged ways, with serious legal and ethical implications.
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Zham, Olena, and Valentyna Molotkina. "Rudiak’s Mobile Training Basketry Workshop: Creation and Functioning (1905–1913)." Ukrainian Studies, no. 2(83) (July 24, 2022): 82–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.30840/2413-7065.2(83).2022.259007.
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The article covers the history of creation and operation of Rudyakiv mobile training basketry workshop (specialized in making baskets and other household products from wicker) in 1905–1913. Data on the technical and technological process of production are given. The relevance of the study was determined by the lack of comprehensive research on this issue. The scientific novelty of the study is that this topic was the first object of independent study. The information introduced into scientific circulation organically complements the problem of formation of domestic vocational education, deepens knowledge of the history of Pereiaslav region. In the process of researching the activities of the workshop, the authors came to the conclusion that the operation of the studied educational and production institution helped to improve the skills of local craftsmen, their production activities, positively affected the rural economy, expanded opportunities for local people to receive vocational education, widened the network of professional institutions for the training of qualified professional and technical workers of Pereiaslav district, demonstrated the progressive role of the zemstvo in the development of local crafts and handicrafts. It was found that the development of wickerwork in the studied region was facilitated by a number of factors: the presence of a significant amount of cheap raw materials, relatively simple production technology, and thus its availability for all categories of the peasant population, the ability to engage in production in the free from agricultural work time, broad sales market, minimal expenses on the organization of production. The study of the zemstvo experience in the introduction of training and production workshops, their positive and negative sides, is essential for reforming and developing the system of modern education. In the future, the subject of research attention may be other institutions of vocational education in Pereiaslav district, including basket training workshops in Husyntsi, Salkov.
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Syahmani, Syahmani, Rilia Iriani, Suci Riana, and Iriani Bakti. "E-Magazine Development with Social Emotional Learning Approach on Colloid Material in Context of Local Wisdom." Tadris: Jurnal Keguruan dan Ilmu Tarbiyah 7, no. 2 (December 29, 2022): 289–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.24042/tadris.v7i2.11442.
Full textAbstract:
The rapid development of education in the Industrial Revolution 4.0 in various sectors of life in science and technology is a source of its own challenges for a teacher in the learning process, especially for preparing the teaching materials. This study aims to develop an E-Magazine that is valid, practical, and effective. This study applied Research and Development method with the ADDIE model. The subjects for this research are 32 students of SMAN 9 Banjarmasin in the academic year of 2021/2022. The trial implementation consisted of individual, small group, and limited trials. Data collection techniques were validation sheets, readability and response questionnaires, and test and non-test assessments while the data analysis used descriptive analysis. The results showed that the validity of the e-magazine with an average score of 4.6 categories was very valid in terms of content, presentation, language, and media aspects. The effectiveness which was seen based on N-gain for students' conceptual understanding was 0.67 (moderate) and learning motivation was 0.45 (moderate). This study shows that the use of e-magazines with SEL approach on colloid material in context of local wisdom is effective, and can be used in chemistry learning. Implications of SEL can help the growth of problem solvers, and collaborative academics is positively synergized with SEL and local wisdom (CASEL-LW) so that students can understand and solve the problems better.
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Hayman, Richard. "Open Access Complements Interlibrary Loan Services, but Additional User Education is Needed." Evidence Based Library and Information Practice 11, no. 1 (March 15, 2016): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.18438/b8dc9p.
Full textAbstract:
A Review of:
Baich, T. (2015). Open access: Help or hindrance to resource sharing? Interlending & Document Supply, 43(2), 68-75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ILDS-01-2015-0003
Abstract
Objective – To examine interlibrary loan (ILL) request rates for open access (OA) materials and determine how OA may affect resource sharing. This research updates the author’s previous study.
Design – Quantitative analysis.
Setting – A large, urban, public research university library system in the United States of America.
Subjects – 1,557 open access ILL material requests among 23,531 total ILL requests submitted during the 2012 and 2013 fiscal years (July 2011-June 2013).
Methods – The library has tracked and recorded OA requests that appear among ILL material requests since 2009. Using OCLC’s ILLiad software to manage ILL requests, they have implemented two custom routines. One routine is for open access searching on standard items, and uses software plugins to search across various open resources. All materials published prior to 1923 are treated as being in the public domain, so requests for these materials are automatically routed to this queue. The second custom routine is used for searching for OA electronic theses and dissertations, and is employed when the requested resource is not found in the library’s subscription resources. Other article requests are routed to the RapidILL service for open access availability.
Main Results – The research presented reveals that ILL requests for OA materials exhibited a steady increase year over year, while overall ILL requests decreased slightly. This finding is true both for the fiscal years reported in this study and also the years since the author’s original study in 2011 (Baich, 2012). Of the 1,557 OA requests examined, 72% (n=1,135) were for journal articles, 8% (n=125) were for books or book chapters, 9% (n=140) were for theses or dissertations, 3% (n=54) were for conference papers, and 7% (n=105) were for reports.
Library staff typically fill these article requests using gold OA or green OA sources. The researcher notes the difficulty in refining by source, though confirmed that 15% of articles requested (n=170) were filled using a gold OA source, and that another 30 article requests (~2.6%) were filled with materials available in the public domain. This leads to the conclusion that the majority of article requests are filled using green OA sources. As the library also includes OA collections within its electronic resources, staff filled 13% of ILL article requests (n=152) using journals and repositories from these sources. Another 16% of article requests were filled using a combination of various online open repositories, including subject repositories (n=83), institutional repositories (n=84), or national or consortial repositories (n=16).
The author includes a similar breakdown of fulfillment rates and sources for the other main categories explored – books and book chapters, theses and dissertations, conference papers, and reports – representing a combined 27% of all OA ILL requests. Regarding this content, it is noteworthy that overall open access requests for these material categories has dropped across each category when compared to the author’s previous study, with the exception of report requests, which more than doubled compared to that previous study.
The study includes a brief overview of the user status for users making the various open access requests, with undergraduate students (n=283) and graduate students (n=807) combined making 70% of all requests. Subject areas are also briefly examined, with ILL requests coming from 63 different schools or departments across the library system. The top 15 are reported, with Psychology being the top requester (n=198), followed closely by Engineering & Technology (n=182). The author notes that 7 of the top 15 are STEM or health science disciplines.
Conclusion – The rate of ILL requests for OA materials shows that library users continue to struggle with information retrieval. The researcher concludes that in many cases, making an ILL request is easier for the user than completing a thorough search. Since staff resources are being redirected to fill user requests for materials that are readily available through open access, this use of staff time may have impacts on resource sharing and the library’s ability to fill ILL requests. The author identifies benefits of using OA resources, including an increased ability of staff to fulfill ILL requests, especially when providing grey literature, theses and dissertations, and conference papers and reports. Another identified benefit was the decreased turnaround time for securing materials, with immediate availability via OA saving 1.15 days to deliver materials to the user. Finally, the library estimates cost savings of over $27,000 (USD), based on estimated traditional per unit ILL costs.
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Ripanda, Asha S., Mwemezi Johaiven Rwiza, Elias C. Nyanza, Karoli N. Njau, Said A. H. Vuai, and Revocatus L. Machunda. "A Review on Contaminants of Emerging Concern in the Environment: A Focus on Active Chemicals in Sub-Saharan Africa." Applied Sciences 12, no. 1 (December 22, 2021): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12010056.
Full textAbstract:
Active chemicals are among the contaminants of emerging concern that are rarely covered in regulatory documents in sub-Saharan Africa. These substances are neither in the list of routinely monitored substances nor in the guidelines for routine environmental monitoring activities. This has been of concern to public health officials, toxicologists, communities, and governments, hence the need for risk assessment and regulation of these substances. In this review article, the presence of active chemicals in the sub-Saharan African environment was investigated. The results indicate the availability of few studies in some countries, while in other countries no reports of active chemicals were found, hence the need for further research targeting such countries. It was further observed that mixtures of active chemicals from different therapeutic categories—such as antibiotics and analgesics—were reported. The natural environment is increasingly at risk due to the presence of these substances, their metabolites, and their transformation byproducts. These substances are characterized by persistence as a result of their non-biodegradable nature; hence, they circulate from one environmental compartment to another through the food chain, causing harm along the way. Most studies that evaluated the toxicity of these substances considered the effects of a single drug, but observations indicated the presence of drug mixtures, hence the need for further evaluation of the effects of drug–drug interactions—including synergistic and additive effects—for environmental sustainability. The presence of ACs in several environmental compartments at quantifiable quantities was discovered in this investigation, indicating the potential for ecosystem injury as a result of bioaccumulation, bioconcentration, and biomagnification through the food chain. This necessitates further research on the subject in order to ensure a healthier environment.
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Chen, Yen-Ting, Chun-Ju Hou, Natan Derek, Shuo-Bin Huang, Min-Wei Huang, and You-Yu Wang. "Evaluation of the Reaction Time and Accuracy Rate in Normal Subjects, MCI, and Dementia Using Serious Games." Applied Sciences 11, no. 2 (January 11, 2021): 628. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11020628.
Full textAbstract:
The main purpose of this research is to evaluate the differences in the reaction time and accuracy rate of three categories of subjects using our serious games. Thirty-seven subjects were divided into three groups: normal (n1 = 16), MCI (Mild Cognitive Impairment) (n2 = 10), and dementia—moderate-to-severe (n3 = 11) groups based on the MMSE (Mini Mental State Examination). Two serious games were designed: (1) whack-a-mole and (2) hit-the-ball. Two dependent variables, reaction time and accuracy rate, were statistically analyzed to compare elders’ performances in the games among the three groups for three levels of speed: slow, medium, and fast. There were significance differences between the normal group, the MCI group, and the moderate-to-severe dementia group in both the reaction-time and accuracy-rate analyses. We determined that the reaction times of the MCI and dementia groups were shorter compared to those of the normal group, with poorer results also observed in accuracy rate. Therefore, we conclude that our serious games have the feasibility to evaluate reaction performance and could be used in the daily lives of elders followed by clinical treatment in the future.
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Lin, Whei-Min, and Tung-Sheng Zhan. "A New Model to Calculate Contributions of the Distributed Power." Applied Sciences 13, no. 7 (April 3, 2023): 4524. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13074524.
Full textAbstract:
Besides metering, a more transparent load with known power distribution is valuable to draft energy strategies, especially in a deregulated power market. Thus, the usage-of-transmission can be considered properly. There are many studies published on related subjects and every research tried to solve a particular part of the problem. There are three basic categories for discussing power distributions: (i) the real power distribution, (ii) the reactive power distribution, and (iii) the loss allocation. These categories were very often treated separately, with the mutual coupling terms, counter flows, and line charging largely neglected. However, we know that these entities are non-separable. These are inter-related entities; the change of one entity will cause the change to every other entity. A good method should consider these entities altogether, while satisfying all electrical theories. This study developed a method to solve the above problem, with all electrical entities solved, satisfying all electrical circuit theories. With several matrix formulations, this method is capable of solving and tracing all electrical entities, including the current flow, the real and reactive power, the counter flow, and the couplings between the active and reactive power. The algorithm can also allocate power distributions and loss among participants effectively. Besides, a line usage idea is formed to allocate the loss to each generator, where counter flows are not necessarily penalized. It can be awarded sometimes. The idea can integrate with the existent tariffs in a deregulated market.
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Schulte, Stephanie. "Teachers in the UK Prefer Research Evidence that is Synthesized, Practical, and Locally Available." Evidence Based Library and Information Practice 3, no. 4 (December 3, 2008): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.18438/b8r62d.
Full textAbstract:
A Review of:
Williams, Dorothy and Louisa Coles. “Evidence-Based Practice in Teaching: An Information Perspective.” Journal of Documentation 63.6 (2007): 812-35.
Objective – The objective of the study was to explore how teachers in the United Kingdom use research literature to inform their practice. Special emphasis was given to the effect of the teachers’ information literacy and their level of ready access to research information.
Design – This study was primarily a qualitative study utilizing mixed methods, including individual interviews, focus groups (“literature review groups”), and an online discussion forum. Qualitative data was supplemented by a questionnaire survey.
Setting – The qualitative portions of the study took place in the United Kingdom across five education authorities; however, it is unclear where these authorities were geographically. The survey was distributed across Scotland, England, and Wales. The study was conducted during 2002 to 2003.
Subjects – Nursery, primary, and secondary teachers, school librarians, school library systems, and education authority advisors (EA) in the United Kingdom.
Methods – The 28 interviews (54% primary teachers, 39% secondary teachers, 7% special education) and four focus groups (each with three to five participants; 15 participants in total, including teachers at various levels from primary, secondary, and nursery schools) were conducted with volunteers from a random sample across five education authorities. Recruitment was done by sending written materials to schools. Those interviewed represented five authorities. Focus groups were conducted in just four authorities. It is not clear when the individual and group interviews were conducted (time of day and year). Volunteers were given the option to receive funding for a substitute teacher in order to participate, though none took advantage of this offer.
The interview process used a vignette technique to elicit teachers’ attitudes to a situation in a non-threatening way. Interviewees were asked to comment on two situations that might make them seek information. One was adding a new subject or new aspect of an existing subject into the classroom. The second dealt with a “new pedagogical challenge.” Though the topics of the vignettes were provided, the exact way the topics were presented was not. They were asked how they would advise another teacher in these situations then relate their thoughts to a real situation they had faced. Interviews were about one hour in length. Twenty-five of the 28 interviews were taped and transcribed verbatim. Extensive notes were made for the other three. Transcripts and notes were analyzed using QSR N4 Classic content analysis software. Themes related to information literacy and information seeking, including barriers, were noted.
Four literature response groups were given examples of research information (journal articles, reports, etc) related to information computer technology (ICT) and class size. Each topic had information from various evidence levels and included both print and electronic format. Again, the discussion topics were provided in the article, but the exact way the topics were presented was not. Over 2 to 2.5 hours, teachers read the materials, made notes, and discussed the information as a group. For the ICT information, groups were asked to discuss presentation of the information. For the class size information, groups were asked to discuss content of the materials. Discussions were transcribed verbatim and analyzed with the content analysis software.
A total of 3899 questionnaire surveys were distributed to teachers (3000), head teachers (500), school librarians (250), education authority advisors (100), and school library systems (49). Response rate was exceptionally low in the teacher and head teacher categories, with only 10.9% of teachers and 15.6% of head teachers responding. Response rates in other categories ranged from 31.2% to 55%, with the highest response rates from education authorities and school library systems. The survey served to gain an understanding of attitudes about using research in practice across a broad spectrum of stakeholders. The survey instrument itself, which was not provided in the article, was piloted prior to the study, but there is no mention of reliability or validity analysis.
To supplement study data, participants who had stated they would be interested in participating in an online discussion were sent preliminary findings and asked to comment on themes using the online discussion forum. Only 21 posts were gathered using this method.
Overall, the methods used in this study are appropriate for the questions that were posed in the article. Qualitative studies are useful for gathering data where little is known and where more data would help identify possibly hypotheses for further study.
Main Results – Teachers in this study relied on a small set of resources and preferred what was readily available at their own school. These teachers most frequently used colleagues, in-service events, the Internet, newspapers, and reports typically found in schools as sources of information. Sources that information professionals would consider quality evidence were rarely mentioned. These teachers also tended to prefer sources that present information in a practical context. Not surprisingly, time was identified as a major barrier to accessing research information in addition to limited access to resources. The Internet was identified as the preferred point of access, citing ease of use, speed, and convenience as the reasons for this preference. Comments suggested a preference for synthesized information sources.
Teachers indicated they felt the responsibility for disseminating research information fell on head teachers and EA. They also noted that access to information from their own school library was a problem. They felt librarians and libraries in schools were meant for students, not for teachers, and also expressed that school libraries typically did not provide access to research. Comments suggested that the structure of teaching in a classroom itself does not allow teachers to use information as is needed for evidence-based practice. There were concerns expressed about lack of school library funding available to supply research evidence needed by teachers.
School librarians and school library services respondents did indicate that they provide a broad range of services aimed at teachers, such as alerts to literature, information skills training, and advice on resources. However, their sources of research for teachers were limited in nature. Librarians indicated that teachers did not ask for research information, but if demand were there, they could respond accordingly. Teacher comments suggest that librarians might want to consider being more proactive in distributing information.
Though teachers expressed high confidence in their abilities to find information, comments about search habits and practices contradicted this. Most remarks suggested searching techniques that were not sophisticated or showing higher levels of information literacy competency. The respondents were concerned with evaluating the quality of information sources but found this appraisal to be more difficult if the authors did not explain the impact or change in practice that should come from the findings.
The participants in this study were likely biased toward using research information more than other teachers. This is an important limitation that the authors do address. Additionally, the response rate for the survey was quite low for the teacher subset. Despite this limitation, data from the questionnaire was used appropriately to confirm and clarify data from the qualitative portions of the study.
Conclusion – In order for teachers to appreciate the value of quality research evidence enough to regularly seek it out and place it into practice, a culture of evidence based practice must be embraced and supported by their school authorities. This study indicates significant potential for school librarians and systems to support this culture through proactive dissemination of research, provision of local access to materials, and education related to information literacy. School librarians must evolve from their typical student-centric role to accomplish this.
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Walker, Stephanie. "Purchase of Journal Portfolios by Research Libraries is not Cost-Effective and May Lead to Normalization of Collections." Evidence Based Library and Information Practice 4, no. 1 (March 8, 2009): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.18438/b81g8x.
Full textAbstract:
A Review of:
Murphy, Sarah Ann. “The Effects of Portfolio Purchasing on Scientific Subject Collections.” College & Research Libraries July 2008: 332-40.
Objectives – To determine whether the purchase of journal portfolios (i.e., packages of journals purchased as a group from publishers, such as Elsevier’s ScienceDirect) from publishers is an effective means of meeting research needs for faculty in the life, medical, physical, and applied sciences, and to determine the effects of such purchases on research library collections.
Design – Citation analysis.
Setting – Ohio State University libraries in the life, medical, physical, and applied sciences.
Subjects – A total of 253,604 citations from 6,815 articles published between the years 2003 and 2005 by Ohio State University faculty in the life, medical, physical, and applied sciences were analyzed using the Bradford distribution (an explanation of the Bradford Distribution is provided later in this review).
Methods – Using ISI’s Science Citation Index, the author generated a list of articles published by Ohio State University (OSU) faculty in the life, medical, physical, and applied sciences between the years 2003 and 2005. The author then assigned each article to a specific discipline, according to the OSU College of the first OSU author listed. For example, if an article was written by several co-authors, and the first OSU author listed was a faculty member in OSU’s College of Dentistry, the article would be designated a Dentistry article. Multidisciplinary works were assigned to the college of the first OSU author listed. (The OSU Colleges considered to be part of the study were the College of Biological Sciences; the College of Dentistry; the College of Engineering; Food, Agriculture, and Environmental Sciences; the College of Mathematical and Physical Sciences; the College of Medicine; the College of Optometry; the College of Pharmacy; and the College of Veterinary Medicine.) Books, conference proceedings, theses, and other non-journal materials were excluded from the set of citations considered.
Next, the author pulled journal citations from each article, again utilizing Science Citation Index. The references were analyzed to determine the number of times each individual journal had been cited. The author then created a list of journals which had been cited in articles by OSU faculty in the various colleges, grouped by college. The journals were arranged in descending order, according to the number of times each journal had been cited. Thus there would be, for example, a list of all journals cited in articles published by faculty members in the OSU College of Dentistry between 2003 and 2005.
Most journals had been cited only once over the three-year period. A total of 2,407 journal titles were cited 10 or more times. In total, the author analyzed 253,604 citations from 6,815 articles.
A Bradford distribution of journal citations was calculated, and journals were divided into three categories. The three categories were called Zones 1, 2, and 3, with Zone 1 being core journals for the faculty, Zone 2 being more secondary titles, and Zone 3 being those cited least frequently. For those not familiar with this type of analysis, a definition of Bradford’s law is available on the U.S. National Institute for Standards and Technology website. It is included here for ease of reference: “Journals in a field can be divided into three parts, each with about one-third of all articles: 1) a core of a few journals; 2) a second zone, with more journals; and 3) a third zone, with the bulk of journals. The number of journals is 1:n:n². Note thatBradford formulated his law after studying a bibliography of geophysics, covering 326 journals in the field. He discovered that 9 journals contained 429 articles, 59 contained 499 articles, and 258 contained 404 articles. Although Bradford's Law is not statistically accurate, librarians commonly use it as a guideline” (Black).
The author then determined how the OSU Libraries purchased access to each title. The three options analyzed were:
1) through OHIOLink (through which OSU Libraries purchase the bulk of the journal portfolios to which they subscribe),
2) through the independent purchase of an electronic subscription, or
3) through the independent purchase of a print subscription.
The cost for each title was calculated by taking the amount paid for OHIOLink subscriptions and removing the cost of non-scientific journals from the total amount. Pricing for the non-scientific journals was obtained using EBSCO’s Librarian’s Handbook 2006-2007 and Ulrich’s Periodical Directory. To account for inflation, any 2007 prices were adjusted by 6.
The above activities were designed to calculate both the cost of each title as purchased through OHIOLink, and what the OSU Libraries would have paid for each individual title if it had been purchased separately.
Main Results – Of all journals cited by OSU faculty in the life, medical, physical, and applied sciences during the years studied, only 7% were available in print format only. The percentage of cited journal titles that were included in portfolio purchases varied considerably across the colleges. The college for which the greatest percentage of cited journals were obtained via OHIOLink was the College of Mathematical and Physical Sciences; 85.7% of journals cited by this College were purchased via OHIOLink. Overall figures for the cited journals analyzed were as follows: 52.0% were purchased via OHIOLink portfolio purchases, and 26.3% were purchased individually in electronic format by the OSU Libraries.
Of all journals listed in Zone 1 (those designated as “core journals” for the fields in question), 100% had electronic versions, though OSU Libraries continued to subscribe to the print version in addition to the electronic version for five titles, due to embargoes of 4-12 months in the electronic subscriptions. In terms of how the Zone 1 journals were acquired, 35.5% were purchased via OHIOLink as part of a portfolio purchase, and 62.2% were individually purchased.
For the College of Biological Sciences; the College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences; the College of Medicine; the College of Nursing; the College of Pharmacy; and the College of Veterinary Medicine, fewer than 40% of the Zone 1 (core, most highly cited) titles for their disciplines were purchased via OHIOLink. For the College of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, 75.5% of Zone 1 titles were purchased via OHIOLink. This figure was 60.5% in the College of Engineering. By contrast, over 50% of the titles in Zone 1 for the Colleges of Dentistry, Nursing, Pharmacy, and Veterinary Medicine were purchased individually, and not via portfolio purchases from OHIOLink. The author notes that in these fields, the majority of research is published in journals from professional societies or smaller publishers, which have neither the high profile nor the market that some journals in other fields have, and thus are frequently not included in portfolios available via consortia such as OHIOLink.
The author also provides a numerical breakdown, showing exactly how many titles in each of Zones 1, 2, and 3 were purchased via OHIOLink, how many were purchased directly by OSU in electronic form, and how many were purchased in print form, for each college and for all colleges combined. For all colleges combined, the overall results are as follows:
• Zone 1 included 45 cited journal titles. Of these, 16 were purchased via OHIOLink, 28 were purchased in electronic format directly by OSU, none were purchased in print, and one was considered “Other” (not at OSU, ceased, or cancelled).
• Zone 2 included 299 cited journal titles. Of these, 167 were purchased via OHIOLink, 109 were purchased in electronic format directly by OSU, 13 were purchased in print, and 10 fell under “Other”.
• Zone 3 included 2,063 cited journal titles. Of these, 1,068 were purchased via OHIOLink, 497 were purchased in electronic format directly by OSU, 155 were purchased in print, and 343 fell under “Other”.
The author also provides a list of the top 50 journals cited, including the number of citations linked to each title and how the title was purchased. Of the top 50 journals, 32 were purchased directly by OSU Libraries in electronic format, and only 18 were purchased via OHIOLink.
Interestingly, however, 70% of OSU Libraries’ total expenditures on titles in the life, medical, physical, and allied sciences are devoted to OHIOLink. The author notes that if OSU had not had OHIOLink, they would have paid 61.4% more to directly purchase the journals cited in this analysis which they currently obtain by portfolio purchases. However, if they purchased only those titles which the faculty in question
had cited 10 or more times, the cost would be 30% more. If they purchased only the titles which had been cited 15 or more times, OSU would only have paid an 8.9% premium to buy the titles directly from the publisher rather than through OHIOLink.
Conclusion – As the author points out, her findings raise the question as to whether the large amount of content provided by buying into the “Big Deal” portfolio purchases (as they are frequently called) is really worth it for OSU Libraries. The author notes that other articles have asserted that portfolio purchases form a significant barrier to libraries wishing to purchase individual titles, as the amount spent on portfolio purchases can limit a library’s financial flexibility. Even when other individual titles may more closely meet faculty needs, it can be difficult to justify cancelling portfolio purchases that offer a larger number of journals in the field.
The advantages and disadvantages of portfolio purchasing at Ohio State University Libraries are clear from the author’s research: while some fields are well-served by portfolio purchases, others are not, with large percentages of the journals which are most important in their fields not being available through such portfolios.
Furthermore, due to the percentage of the OSU Libraries’ budget dedicated to OHIOLink portfolio purchases, flexibility to purchase titles not in portfolios is indeed limited. The author’s pricing calculations lead to the conclusion that OSU Libraries pay between an 8.9%-30.0% premium to maintain access to 3,813 titles (75.4%) which were cited fewer than 10 times over the three year period between 2003 and 2005.
The author concludes that the premium paid to access over three-quarters of the journals available in portfolios should be reconsidered, as they are relatively infrequently used and thus may not be meeting faculty research needs. The author recommends that large research libraries (including OSU Libraries) consider a return to à la carte purchasing. Additionally, the author notes that purchase of portfolios by a large percentage of research libraries may lead to normalization of library collections and loss of the ability to support non-commercial publishers who publish strong research in specialized fields.
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Olteanu, Mircea, Bogdan Marian Oancea, and Dana Badau. "Improving Effectiveness of Basketball Free Throws through the Implementation of Technologies in the Technical Training Process." Applied Sciences 13, no. 4 (February 18, 2023): 2650. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13042650.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of the study was to implement a specific training program to improve basketball free throws by using an innovative system called “system and technical device designed for motor learning process in the field of sports science and physical education with direct applicability in basketball specific training-free throw improvement”, as well as to evaluate the level of free throw effectiveness. We also aimed to highlight the differences in progress between the experimental and control groups for three age categories U14, U16, and U18 male juniors. The system and the device for detecting the ideal trajectory of the ball were provided by a high-speed video camera which captured the images and projected them in real-time onto a projection surface that was placed in front of, or to the side of the athlete, depending on the subject’s preference, provided that this projection surface is in the performer’s field of vision. The research took place from 5 April to 10 July 2021 and phased as follows: initial testing, implementation of the experimental 12-week free-throw training program (one individualized training session per week lasting 120 min), and final testing. The study included 360 subjects aged 13–14 years, who were grouped according to gender and team sport played. The evaluation was done by three tests: the FRB test (standardized test), the Shoot-Run test, and the 10 experimental throws test. The results of the study in all three motor tests showed that by implementing the innovative system that was designed for motor learning, the effectiveness of free throw shooting improved significantly in the players of the experimental groups in all age groups (U14, U16, U18), thus evidencing a positive, upward dynamic in relation to the increasing age category. In all three motor tests, the progress of the experimental groups was superior to the control groups as a result of the implementation of the experimental exercise program using the innovative system and device that was designed to improve free throws. The results of the study highlighted the effectiveness and opportunity of the implementation of innovative technologies in the process of training and evaluation of basketball specific free throws.
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Scafuto, Isabel Cristina, Priscila Rezende da Costa, Marcos Rogério Mazieri, and Angélica Pigola. "Demystifying technological articles: the International Journal of Innovation's perspective." International Journal of Innovation 10, no. 4 (October 11, 2022): 574–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5585/iji.v10i4.23038.
Full textAbstract:
IntroductionThe International Journal of Innovation – IJI, since 2020, opened a section for publications of technological articles. From then on, we have been receiving articles to go through the blind double-review editorial process. Our intention with this editorial comment is to make the academic community, especially authors who consider the IJI for their submissions, have one more document option to assist in the elaboration and structuring of their technological research.In 2021, we published the editorial commentary entitled “What we expect from articles submitted to the IJI” which briefly addressed technology articles (Scafuto et al., 2021). Now, in this new editorial comment, we intend not only to bring the information previously discussed, but we want to deepen the discussions with other important elements to contribute to the development of technological articles.We understand that technological articles are assuming an increasingly important role within the academic community, as it is a way to bring together the challenges of organizations with academic research. It is worth remembering that the technological article is one of the twelve technical and technological products that are proposed and evaluated by CAPES (a Brazilian entity for higher education personnel improvement coordination). They are especially important for professional graduate programs in management and related fields. We, the editors of the IJI, recognize the importance of the contribution of professional programs. The IJI is a vehicle for the dissemination of this production to both members of the academic community and practitioners.In this editorial commentary we provide some suggestions for authors who may be interested in submitting their technological articles for evaluation at the IJI. We want to encourage this type of submission, but always in search of articles with quality and relevance for readers. Guidelines for building relevant technological articlesThe technological article is a form of publication that presents and discusses ideas, methods, techniques, processes, and results focused on solving practical problems (Motta, 2017). The technology article generally describes experiences in organizations. Despite describing these experiences, researchers must follow scientific and methodological rigor in writing (Biancolino et al., 2012). The technological article has an elaboration process similar to any other scientific process. We reinforce this scientific and technological rigor due to the nature of the IJI.In 2022, the editorial commentary of Business Horizons Magazine, by Greg Fisher, presents some interesting ideas in line with our perspective on technological articles (Fisher, 2022). Fisher presents three categories that technological articles generally fall into: past; present and future:Past-oriented articles use academic research already carried out and translate into ideas and practical applications for use, facilitating the understanding of practitioners.Present-oriented articles detail the challenges faced by companies, seeking solutions through the application of existing academic theory. They highlight issues have not solved yet.Future-oriented articles are those focus on emerging phenomena providing practical and forward-looking perspectives on possible business applications. Authors who write a technology article should make clear the problem, contextualizing when, where, why, and how the problem occurs. The idea is to highlight the issue or negative impact that the problem creates, or if it provides any opportunity. When approaching the problem, it should try to present something new. It is desirable provides easy way to use and remember the proposed solutions and the path used to find the solution illustrating how it works.Visual resources such as figures and graphs may facilitate for readers the process of comprehension about the problem. Some prescription on how to use the solution is important for those who may want to use it, as well as discussing what can go right or wrong. Leaving a final message serves as action-focused learning is always desirable (Business Horizons, 2018).Our suggestion is that the authors submit applied research in the technological article section that prioritizes the description of learning and practical results experienced in organizations. The CIMO logic is another way of thinking about the organization in a technological article. CIMO is an acronym for (Van Aken, 2007):Context (problem situation);Intervention (proposed intervention to solve the problem);Mechanisms (description of how handle problem solution);Outcomes (describes objectively the results).Technological articles should emphasize reports of solutions already implemented and obtained results. Even if it is a forward-looking study, it should provide practical and forward-looking perspectives on possible applications for solving business problems. Therefore, it is expected from technological articles submitted to the IJI may offer contributions to knowledge, as an example (Gregor and Hevner, 2013):· Focus on innovation: new solutions to new problems;· Focus on improvement: new solutions to known problems;· Focus on extrapolation: known solutions to new problems.Formatting a Technological Article for the IJIAnother point is about the size of a technological article, we suggest that the submission made by the authors is for articles with at least 6000 (six thousand) words for a more academic approach for the IJI. In addition, authors must follow the format available in the guidelines for the author, contemplating the structured abstract, as well as adopting the structure[1] presented below.Introduction: it aims to briefly present what the technological article is about, and the intervention carried out, making problem situation clear. Informing quickly how the data was collected and interpreted. Literature review: it must be related to the intervention in the organization. The theoretical framework will serve to provide theoretical support to the findings and will contribute to the outcomes discussion. Method of technical production: even being a technical production, the technological article must follow a well-detailed method with a description of the procedures used in the data collection and relevant information about procedures to perform the research such as a direct observation or direct participation of the authors among other examples. Context and problem situation: the authors must present the problem or opportunity, as well as characterize the organization.Types of intervention and mechanisms adopted: the authors must analyze the problem situation and discuss the possible alternatives for its resolution: innovation, improvement, or extrapolation; in addition to describing the activities developed to solve the problem situation.Outcomes and analysis: the authors should bring the most relevant contributions from the outcomes according to the subjects dealt with. It should be raised the relevance to similar cases with lessons learnt derived from the reported experience.Discussions and final considerations: Discussion is also welcome. It is time to confront the results with the researched theory, reinforce the objectives of the research. The authors can comment on the limitations for the research and propose new ideas for future studies of a technical nature that can advance about what was presented. References: it should include at the end all the authors cited in the theoretical framework, according to APA standards found in the IJI guidelines. Final considerationsWe except this editorial comment on technological articles can guide and encourage to submit to the IJI. Our wishes are for the academic community to produce more and better technological articles to solve problems and contribute to the practical community. We are grateful to all authors and readers who consider the IJI for the dissemination of their research, as well as a source of scientifically proven information. [1] Adapted from Biancolino et al. (2012).
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Jorge, Tânia, Sofia Sousa, Isabel do Carmo, Nuno Lunet, and Patrícia Padrão. "Accuracy of Assessing Weight Status in Adults by Structured Observation." Applied Sciences 13, no. 14 (July 14, 2023): 8185. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13148185.
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The assessment of weight status is important in many epidemiological studies, but its direct measurement is not always possible. Self-reported weight and height are often used, although previous research reported low accuracy. This study aimed to test the ability of trained observers to accurately estimate weight status in adults using structured observation. A cross-sectional study was conducted. For each participant, height and weight were estimated in categories, and weight status was recorded using Stunkard’s body figures, by two trained observers. Height and weight were also measured, using standardized procedures. Subjects were classified according to World Health Organization body mass index (BMI) cut-offs from objective measurements and from the BMI assigned to each body figure. Sensitivity, specificity, and likelihood ratios were calculated to assess the accuracy of estimating weight status by observation. Kappa was used to test inter-observer reliability. A total of 127 participants were assessed, 70 women and 57 men, aged between 19 and 89 years (mean ± standard deviation: 50.3 ± 16.3 years). Most participants were overweight or obese (64.3% women; 78.9% men). The sensitivity and specificity of overweight/obesity status identification were 72.8% and 78.4%, respectively. Observers’ gender, participants’ gender, and participants’ age were significantly associated with the estimation of overweight/obesity. The agreement between observers was moderate for BMI estimates (κ = 0.52) but substantial when distinguishing normal weight from overweight/obesity (κ = 0.67). Trained observers were able to distinguish normal weight from overweight/obesity with high sensitivity and specificity, and substantial interrater reliability. This innovative methodology showed potential for improvement through enhanced training techniques. The use of structured observation may be a useful and accurate alternative to self-reported weight status assessment, whenever anthropometric measurement is not achievable.
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Mujahid, Amna, Muhammad Aslam, Muhammad Usman Ghani Khan, Ana Maria Martinez-Enriquez, and Nazeef Ul Haq. "Multi-Class Confidence Detection Using Deep Learning Approach." Applied Sciences 13, no. 9 (April 30, 2023): 5567. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13095567.
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The advancement of both the fields of Computer Vision (CV) and Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) has enabled the development of effective automatic systems for analyzing human behavior. It is possible to recognize gestures, which are frequently used by people to communicate information non-verbally, by studying hand movements. So, the main contribution of this research is the collected dataset, which is taken from open-source videos of the relevant subjects that contain actions that depict confidence levels. The dataset contains high-quality frames with minimal bias and less noise. Secondly, we have chosen the domain of confidence determination during social issues such as interviews, discussions, or criminal investigations. Thirdly, the proposed model is a combination of two high-performing models, i.e., CNN (GoogLeNet) and LSTM. GoogLeNet is the state-of-the-art architecture for hand detection and gesture recognition. LSTM prevents the loss of information by keeping temporal data. So the combination of these two outperformed during the training and testing process. This study presents a method to recognize different categories of Self-Efficacy by performing multi-class classification based on the current situation of hand movements using visual data processing and feature extraction. The proposed architecture pre-processes the sequence of images collected from different scenarios, including humans, and their quality frames are extracted. These frames are then processed to extract and analyze the features regarding their body joints and hand position and classify them into four different classes related to efficacy, i.e., confidence, cooperation, confusion, and uncomfortable. The features are extracted using a combination framework of customized Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) layers with Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) for feature extraction and classification. Remarkable results have been achieved from this study representing 90.48% accuracy with effective recognition of human body gestures through deep learning approaches.
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Irianti, Pergola, Agni Prasetyo, and Siti Hidayati. "Penilaian Mahasiswa S1, S2, dan S3 terhadap Sumber Daya Perpustakaan di Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Gadjah Mada." Berkala Ilmu Perpustakaan dan Informasi 8, no. 1 (November 6, 2015): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/bip.7762.
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This research was aimed to find out the evaluation from the students of undergraduate, graduate, and doctor program toward library resources in the Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Gadjah Mada. The result of this research was expected to give benefit to develop the library resources for giving the excellent services to the user. This research used quantitative method, questionnaire as the data collection method, and descriptive statistic method for analizing data. The subject of this research was 159 students from undergraduate, graduate, and doctor program as the user of the library. The results showed standard value for each program: undergraduate (2,545963), graduate comprised with Master of Science (2,644517) and Master of Profession (2,541234), and doctor (2,982143). If the value higher than (>) standard value included high categories and less than (<) or equal with (:) standard value included low categories. The comprehensive result of this research showed that (1) high categories evaluation came from the aspects of collection relevancy, circulation, facilities (security, temperature, light, and lay out), and human resources; (2) low categories evaluation came from the aspects of collection (composition of subject and language), services (time, number of collection, duration of borrowing books, and interlibrary borrowing books), facilities (space, table, and chair), information technology (computer/internet, internet accessibility, and multimedia); and (3) variation of high-low evaluation came from the aspects of collection (recently and completeness) services (searching, multimedia, and fine), and information technology (library based on information technology and browsing).
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Karkowska, Magda. "Non- obviousness of biography as a research subject of a pedagogue." Studia z Teorii Wychowania XIII, no. 4 (41) (December 20, 2022): 25–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0016.1634.
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The aim I set for myself is to reveal what connects the main areas of biography research - literary and social - and to show what importance for upbringing, as well as for biographical research carried out in the field of pedagogy, are attempts to combine them. Problem and research methods: The main problem was formulated as the question: What makes a biography non-obvious? Another problems: What analytical categories relating to biography best capture this non-obviousness? What is the specificity of studying biography by educators and how do such analyzes differ from sociological or literary studies? The main method is to analyze the concepts that make up the research field and the relationships between them. In the first part of the article, I outline the relationship between biography and the construction of narrative identity, in order to show the way of understanding key concepts, such as narrative or story, as they constitute a specific basis for an attempt to grasp the meanings and dimensions of the title non-obviousness of a biography. Then I analyze the phenomena essential for the construction of identity: secrets, existential crises, trajectories or epiphanies. The next step is the analysis of categories such as the internal structure of life, as well as the image of life, ready biography, biography in interaction and autonomous biography. In the second part of the article, based on the concept of biography by Duccio Demetrio, I consider the specificity of pedagogical studies on the phenomenon of biography. The article concludes with conclusions on the specificity of pedagogical research on biographies and their relationship with therapeutic activities. As a result of the analysis, I come to the conclusion that the non-obviousness of the biography comes from the individual way of experiencing it. It is a set of features, a result of specific events, choices made, and at the same time a consequence of answering important existential questions. The aforementioned phenomena that are crucial for the construction of identity-occurrences are of particular use in its analysis. The pedagogical study of biography is different from sociological or literary analyzes, it turns out to be work with the collected biographical materials as well as with another human being and has, apart from cognitive values, a therapeutic dimension
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Elshaboury, Nehal, Eslam Mohammed Abdelkader, Abobakr Al-Sakkaf, and Tarek Zayed. "A Critical Review and Bibliometric Analysis on Applications of Ground Penetrating Radar in Science Based on Web of Science Database." Eng 4, no. 1 (March 22, 2023): 984–1008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/eng4010059.
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Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) is an established technology with a wide range of applications for civil engineering, geological research, archaeological studies, and hydrological practices. In this regard, this study applies bibliometric and scientometric assessment to provide a systematic review of the literature on GPR-related research. This study reports the publication trends, sources of publications and subject categories, cooperation of countries, productivity of authors, citations of publications, and clusters of keywords in GPR-related research. The Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED) and the Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI), which can be accessed through the Web of Science Core Collection, are used as references. The findings report that the number of publications is 6880 between 2001 and 2021. The number of annual publications has increased significantly, from 139 in 2001 to 576 in 2021. The studies are published in 894 journals, and the annual number of active journals increased from 68 in 2001 to 215 in 2021. Throughout the study, the number of subject categories involved in GPR-related research fluctuated, ranging from 38 in 2001 to 68 in 2021. The research studies originated from 118 countries on 6 continents, where the United States and the People’s Republic of China led the research articles. The top five most common keywords are ground-penetrating radar, non-destructive testing, geophysics, electrical resistivity tomography, and radar. After investigating the clusters of keywords, it is determined that civil engineering, geological research, archaeological studies, and hydrological practices are the four main research fields incorporating GPR utilization. This study offers academics and practitioners an in-depth review of the latest research in GPR research as well as a multidisciplinary reference for future studies.
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Abshor, Devy Aufia, M. Murtono, Irfai Fathurohman, and O. B. Kenzhaliyev. "DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENCE TEACHING MATERIALS WITH THE MODEL OF SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY." Statistika, učet i audit 85, no. 2 (April 16, 2022): 87–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.51579/1563-2415.2022-2.11.
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This study aims to determine the need for teaching materials with the model of science, technology, and society, describe the design of teaching materials and test the feasibility of these teaching materials. The form of this research is a combination of qualitative and quantitative research. Data collection techniques in this study were observation, interviews, documentation, and tests. The results of the study found that fifth-grade elementary school students in Kudus regency needed science teaching materials with models of science, technology, and society. This science teaching material is designed according to the steps of the science, technology, and society model. After being designed, validation is carried out to material and language experts. The validation results get an average of 65.3 "very good" categories so that science teaching materials with models of science, technology, and society are suitable for use during learning, but there are slight revisions
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Marsari, Henni, and Rifma Rifma. "The Development of STEM-Based Teaching Materials to Improve Science Literacy for Grade III Elementary School Students." AL-ISHLAH: Jurnal Pendidikan 15, no. 2 (May 15, 2023): 1297–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.35445/alishlah.v15i2.2809.
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21st-century learning requires teachers to deliver students to 4C skills in facing the Industrial Revolution 4.0. This study aims to develop valid, practical, and effective STEM teaching materials for Grade III Elementary schools. It is development research with the ADDIE model and a total of 58 third-grade elementary school students as the research subject from three elementary schools in West Pasaman Regency. The research data is from developing STEM teaching materials for grade III Elementary school. The results of the data analysis of the validation of teaching materials by experts and education practitioners obtained an average of 92.7 very valid categories. The results of the practicality test using teacher and student questionnaires obtained an average of 92.85 and 92.93 with very practical categories. The effectiveness of these teaching materials is also shown by the increase in the average scientific literacy of students after using STEM teaching materials is 87, with a very effective category. Based on the results above, it can be concluded that the STEM material for grade III elementary school is declared to be very valid, very practical, and effectively used to improve students' scientific literacy in grade III of elementary school
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Sundqvist, Pernilla, Tor Nilsson, and Peter Gustafsson. "Swedish preschool staff’s descriptions of technology." Lumat: International Journal of Math, Science and Technology Education 3, no. 2 (June 30, 2015): 237–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.31129/lumat.v3i2.1046.
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With regards to previous research results on how the teacher’s/preschool teacher’s understanding of a subject effects children’s learning and apprehending of the subject combined with the difficulties for the technology subject to take place in preschool this study aims at investigating how preschool staff (including preschool teachers and day care attendants) describe technology. A qualitatively designed questionnaire was sent out to 139 preschool teachers and day care attendants in a Swedish municipality, whereof 102 answered. The open question about what technology is thought to be was analyzed using a conventional content analysis resulting in nine categories, of which six interrelated hierarchically and one contained answers witch could not be categorized. Thus the result shows eight different ways in which technology is described, from a simple and naive description to a more complex description that implicates a deeper understanding of technology. A majority describes technology according to the latter. The result also shows that it is mainly the preschool teachers who describe technology in a more complex way. Many of the respondents have trouble separating technology from science, and quite a few describes technology as technique, which is another meaning for the word in the Swedish language. FULL TEXT IN SWEDISH.
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Li, Ji, and Luo. "Phytoremediation of Heavy Metal Pollution: A Bibliometric and Scientometric Analysis from 1989 to 2018." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 23 (November 27, 2019): 4755. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16234755.
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This paper aims to evaluate the knowledge landscape of the phytoremediation of heavy metals (HMs) by constructing a series of scientific maps and exploring the research hotspots and trends of this field. This study presents a review of 6873 documents published about phytoremediation of HMs in the international context from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) (1989–2018). Two different processing software applications were used, CiteSpace and Bibliometrix. This research field is characterized by high interdisciplinarity and a rapid increase in the subject categories of engineering applications. The basic supporting categories mainly included “Environmental Sciences & Ecology”, “Plant Sciences”, and “Agriculture”. In addition, there has been a trend in recent years to focus on categories such as “Engineering, Multidisciplinary”, “Engineering, Chemical”, and “Green & Sustainable Science & Technology”. “Soil”, “hyperaccumulator”, “enrichment mechanism/process”, and “enhance technology” were found to be the main research hotspots. “Wastewater”, “field crops”, “genetically engineered microbes/plants”, and “agromining” may be the main research trends. Bibliometric and scientometric analysis are useful methods to qualitatively and quantitatively measure research hotspots and trends in phytoremediation of HM, and can be widely used to help new researchers to review the available research in a certain research field.
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Zhao, Yi, De Yin Zhao, Rong Qiang Zhong, Li Rong Yao, and Ke Ke Li. "Research Status and Prospect of Heavy Oil Recovery Technology." Key Engineering Materials 888 (June 9, 2021): 111–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.888.111.
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With the continuous exploitation of most reservoirs in China, the proportion of heavy oil reservoirs increases, and the development difficulty is greater than that of conventional reservoirs. In view of the important subject of how to improve the recovery factor of heavy oil reservoir, the thermal recovery technology (hot water flooding, steam flooding, steam assisted gravity drainage SAGD and steam huff and puff) and cold recovery technology (chemical flooding, electromagnetic wave physical flooding and microbial flooding) used in the development of heavy oil reservoir are summarized. The principle of action is analyzed, and the main problems restricting heavy oil recovery are analyzed The main technologies of heavy oil recovery are introduced from the aspects of cold recovery and hot recovery. Based on the study of a large number of literatures, and according to the development trend of heavy oil development, suggestions and prospects for the future development direction are put forward.
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Shumarova, Nataliya, Iryna Marynenko, and Vladyslav Mykhailenko. "Headlines of media texts: hidden contradictions." Current Issues of Mass Communication, no. 32 (2022): 50–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/cimc.2022.32.50-62.
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This inquiry aims to determine the ways and means through which the accuracy category manifests itself in the news genre and to identify internal contradictions formed by the interaction between logical and semantic components of the expression. The objectives were as follows: to determine how the accuracy category is presented through the categories of subject, time, and place of action, what are the transformative possibilities of these categories in the field of adequate transmission of meaning, which linguistic means actualize the accuracy category or, on the contrary, “blur” it. Continuous sampling, analysis and synthesis, transformational, and descriptive methods were used in the research process. We confirm that the subject in the headline is delivered explicitly and implicitly in the conclusions presenting the research results. “Nonsubjectivity” is realized using indefinite (non-personal) forms of the predicate or can be determined through a locus. For news headlines, the locus is an essential component, its place in the sentence can adjust the semantic accents of the statement. The time category in analyzed titles is almost always explicit. The accuracy category is most clearly manifested in direct indications of time and place and in two-syllable sentences where the subject of the action is specified.
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Akhmadieva, Roza S., Natalia N. Udina, Yuliya P. Kosheleva, Sergei P. Zhdanov, Maria O. Timofeeva, and Roza L. Budkevich. "Artificial intelligence in science education: A bibliometric review." Contemporary Educational Technology 15, no. 4 (October 1, 2023): ep460. http://dx.doi.org/10.30935/cedtech/13587.
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A descriptive bibliometric analysis of works on artificial intelligence (AI) in science education is provided in this article to help readers understand the state of the field’s research at the time. This study’s main objective is to give bibliometric data on publications regarding AI in science education printed in periodicals listed in the Scopus database between 2002 and 2023 end of May. The data gathered from publications scanned and published within the study’s parameters was subjected to descriptive bibliometric analysis based on seven categories: number of articles and citations per year, countries with the most publications, most productive author, most significant affiliation, funding institutions, publication source and subject areas. Most of the papers were published between 2016 and 2022. The United States of America, United Kingdom, and China were the top-3 most productive nations, with the United States of America producing the most publications. The number of citations to the publications indexed in Scopus database increased in a progressive way and reached to maximum number in 2022 with 178 citations. Most productive author on this topic was Salles, P. with four publications. Moreover, Carnegie Mellon University, University of Memphis, and University of Southern California have the maximum number of publications as affiliations. The National Science Foundation was the leader funding institution in terms of number of publications produced. In addition, “Proceedings Frontiers in Education Conference Fie” have the highest number of publications by year as a publication source. Distribution of the publications by subject area was analyzed. The subject areas of the publications were computer sciences, social sciences, science education, technology and engineering education respectively. This study presents a vision for future research and provides a global perspective on AI in science education.
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Mhlanga, Percy Thabiso, Samuel Dumazi Khoza, and Ndlelehle Skosana. "Exploring the Effectiveness of Practical Assessment Tasks Towards Skills Development in Mechanical Technology Subject." Journal of Curriculum Studies Research 5, no. 2 (June 18, 2023): 136–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.46303/jcsr.2023.22.
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In a nation like South Africa, where the GDP and economic development are among the lowest, the lack of skilled workers has a noticeable impact. Skilful workers continue to be imported into the country in fields that are critical to economic development. To have an economic sector that can compete with the current global market conditions and the changing technology, qualified manpower is needed. This study explored the effectiveness of the Practical Assessment Task in Mechanical Technology in secondary schools around Gauteng province. A qualitative research approach was employed whereby a case study research design was used. The study purposively sampled nine teachers from seven different schools located in three districts of Gauteng Province. The study deployed two data collection instruments where face-to-face semi-structured interviews and workshop observations were administered. The results of this study show that the lack of resources in Mechanical Technology and the time allocated for the subject is a major challenge that teachers face. These were made worse by a lack of teacher development in the subject. The said challenges have a major impact that delays proper skills development at the secondary school level, thus rendering the PAT ineffective in addressing skills development. The recommendation is that the Department of Education needs to implement a policy where resources would be prioritised and provide lasting and relevant training to the teachers.
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Adams, Jonathan, Gordon Rogers, Warren Smart, and Martin Szomszor. "Longitudinal variation in national research publication portfolios: Steps required to index balance and evenness." Quantitative Science Studies 1, no. 3 (August 2020): 1182–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/qss_a_00073.
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National research diversity is explored through the balance of global and national papers in journal categories in the Web of Science (WoS) and Essential Science Indicators (ESI) and we examine the consequences of “normalizing” national publication counts against global baselines. Global balance across subject categories became more even as annual WoS indexing grew fourfold between 1981 and 2018, with a relative shift from biomedicine towards environment and technology. Change at the country level may have tracked this or been influenced by local policy and funding. We discuss choice of methods and indices for analysis: WoS categories provide better granularity than ESI; Lorenz curves are explored but found limiting; the Pratt index, Gini coefficient, and Shannon diversity are compared. At the national level, balance generally increases and is greatest in non-Anglophone countries, perhaps due to shifts in language and journal use. Two aspects of national change are revealed: the balance of actual WoS paper counts and the balance of counts normalized against world baseline. The broad patterns for these analyses are similar, but normalized data indicate relatively greater evenness. National patterns link to research capacity and regional networking opportunities, while international collaboration may blend national differences. A data set is provided for analytical use.
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Musa, Hastuty, R. Rusli, Ilhamsyah, and A. Yuliana. "Analysis of Student Errors in Solving Mathematics Problems Based on Watson's Criteria on the Subject of Two Variable Linear Equation System (SPLDV)." EduLine: Journal of Education and Learning Innovation 1, no. 2 (July 30, 2021): 125–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.35877/454ri.eduline572.
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The purpose of the study was to describe the types of student errors and the factors that caused students to make mistakes in solving a two-variable system of linear equations based on Watson's criteria for class VIII MTs Pattuku. This type of research is descriptive research using a qualitative approach. The subjects in this study were students of class VIII MTs Pattuku then chose 3 subjects to be interviewed who had the most types of errors based on Watson's criteria. The research instrument used was a diagnostic test consisting of 3 questions about a two-variable linear equation system and interview guidelines. From the results of this study, it shows that there are no students who make mistakes in missing data (committed data) and indirect manipulation (undirected manipulation). 16% made incorrect data errors (innapropriate data), 40% made incorrect procedural errors (innapropriate procedure), 68% made an omitted conclusion error, 24% made a response level conflict error, 36% made mistakes in the skill hierarchy problem, and 48% made mistakes other than the 7 categories above (above other).
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Dos Santos, Rita de Cássia Cardoso, Vitor Hugo da Silva Vaz, Rosângela Dória Lima, Ronaldo Nunes Linhares, and Ana Eleonora Almeida Paixão. "THE SCIENTIFIC TECHNOLOGICAL PARKS IN BRAZIL AND THEIR INTER-RELATIONS IN UNIVERSITY TRAINING." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 6, no. 11 (November 30, 2018): 116–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol6.iss11.1244.
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This study makes a systematic review of scientific publications of research, on the theme Technology Park in Brazil. It seeks to identify and analyze the scope of Science and Technology Parks at the national level, in order to understand the trends and interrelations between university education. The mapping was the basis for knowing and discussing the results of the scientific production of different areas, considering the different times and places, in what form and under what conditions they were produced. For its construction, searches were carried out on the subject in the Capes, Bdtd, Anped and Ibict databases from 2006 to 2017, looking for similarity with a set of descriptors. The survey was performed after selection in the directories that indicate PCT as the subject of study. We retrieved 574 scientific research productions, being selected for reading the abstract 132 works, we observed that only 18 productions are preponderant in relation to the area of education. For the analysis, the following variables were considered: objective, methodology and conclusions pointed out, with the interest concentrated in university formation, scientific initiation, social impact, case study. To analyze the data, the following categories emerged: PCT and the relationship between university, business and government; PCT and Public policies; PCT and technological and economic development; PCT and management model and finally, PCT and the relationship with initiation. The analysis shows that researchers need to follow a planning and scientific strategy that allows them to present different levels of relationships between park and technology, innovation, economics, research, government, business, development and university. The result of the analysis of the categories on methodologies, indicated indications that are the methods and the technical instruments that order the systematized thought, organizing in a organized way the way of proceeding throughout the investigation to reach the proposed objective.
This study makes a systematic review of scientific publications of research, on the theme Technology Park in Brazil. It seeks to identify and analyze the scope of Science and Technology Parks at the national level, in order to understand the trends and interrelations between university education. The mapping was the basis for knowing and discussing the results of the scientific production of different areas, considering the different times and places, in what form and under what conditions they were produced. For its construction, searches were carried out on the subject in the Capes, Bdtd, Anped and Ibict databases from 2006 to 2017, looking for similarity with a set of descriptors. The survey was performed after selection in the directories that indicate PCT as the subject of study. We retrieved 574 scientific research productions, being selected for reading the abstract 132 works, we observed that only 18 productions are preponderant in relation to the area of education. For the analysis, the following variables were considered: objective, methodology and conclusions pointed out, with the interest concentrated in university formation, scientific initiation, social impact, case study. To analyze the data, the following categories emerged: PCT and the relationship between university, business and government; PCT and Public policies; PCT and technological and economic development; PCT and management model and finally, PCT and the relationship with initiation. The analysis shows that researchers need to follow a planning and scientific strategy that allows them to present different levels of relationships between park and technology, innovation, economics, research, government, business, development and university. The result of the analysis of the categories on methodologies, indicated indications that are the methods and the technical instruments that order the systematized thought, organizing in a organized way the way of proceeding throughout the investigation to reach the proposed objective.
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Ali, N. S. Aftar, K. Muda, M. Z. M. Najib, M. F. M. Amin, and S. Ismail. "GLOBAL TRENDS AND RESEARCH HOTSPOTS OF AEROBIC GRANULAR SLUDGE FOR WASTEWATER TREATMENT USING SCOPUS DATABASE: A BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS." Malaysian Journal of Civil Engineering 35, no. 1 (March 28, 2023): 29–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/mjce.v35.19927.
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The aerobic granular sludge (AGS) system is a promising technology that is suitable for the treatment of various types of wastewaters. This system has received great attention from many researchers due to its wide range of applications and potential as a cost effective system. However, only a few reports are available in analyzing the progress of AGS research in wastewater treatment over the last 20 years. Therefore, in the present work, a bibliometric analysis was carried out to trace the global research trends and current hotspots of AGS in wastewater treatment from 1997 to 2020, based on the Scopus database. The bibliometric data was visualized using the VOSviewer software. A total of 1,347 articles were published in 160 journals across 19 subject categories, involving 50 countries and 129 academic institutions. Results showed that Bioresource Technology (175, 12%), Water Research (94, 6.96%), and Huanjin Kexue Environmental Science (78, 5.77%) dominated in the top 3 journals. Environmental Science (1036, 38%), China (716, 53%), and Harbin Institute of Technology (98, 7.28%) were the most productive subject category, country, and academic institution, respectively. The AGS research hot topics and future research directions were discovered through the analysis of the most frequently used keywords obtained in bibliometric maps.
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Feng, Qian, Han Xiao, Qingzhao Kong, Yabin Liang, and Gangbing Song. "Damage detection of concrete piles subject to typical damages using piezoceramic based passive sensing approach." Journal of Vibroengineering 18, no. 2 (March 31, 2016): 801–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.21595/jve.2016.16631.
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Pile foundations are typically comprised in concealed construction work. In recent years, some major categories of concrete piles subject to typical damages have caused a lot of engineering disasters and accidents. These accidents have been caused by collapse of civil structures resulting in great casualties and economic loss. Therefore, damage detection and real-time health monitoring on foundation piles is an urgent research requirement. In this research, a piezoceramic based passive sensing approach is proposed to detect typical damages types of concrete piles, including partial mud intrusion, secondary concrete pouring interface, circumferential crack, and full mud intrusion. In this passive sensing approach, induced stress waves are generated by the impact hammer on the top surface of a pile and one smart aggregate embedded on the bottom of each pile is used as a sensor to receive the propagating wave signals. These sensors are embedded before pouring concrete. Structural defects affect the natural frequency of the pile. The power spectrum of piles with different types of damage were compared by plotting the sensor signals in frequency domain. The natural frequency decreases with the increase in defect severity. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach can detect all four typical damage types in concrete piles.
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Liritzis, Ioannis, and Pantelis Volonakis. "Cyber-Archaeometry: Novel Research and Learning Subject Overview." Education Sciences 11, no. 2 (February 23, 2021): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/educsci11020086.
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The cyber archaeometry concerns a new virtual ontology in the environment of cultural heritage and archaeology. The present study concerns a first pivot endeavor of a virtual polarized light microscopy (VPLM) for archaeometric learning, made from digital tools, tackling the theory of mineral identification in archaeological materials, an important aspect in characterization, provenance, and ancient technology. This endeavor introduces the range of IT computational methods and instrumentation techniques available to the study of cultural heritage and archaeology of apprentices, educators, and specialists. Use is made of virtual and immersive reality, 3D, virtual environment, massively multiplayer online processes, and gamification. The VPLM simulation is made with the use of Avatar in the time-space frame of the laboratory with navigation, exploration, control the learning outcomes in connection to the archaeometric multisystem work. The students evidently learned to operate the VPLM following operations made via visual and home-made scripting, gaining experience in synergy, teamwork, and understanding. The resulting meaningful effects of the cyber-archaeometry with virtual operations and virtual hands, texts, and video equip students especially for e-learning with the required basic knowledge of mineralogical examination, which help to understand and evaluate mineral identification from material culture and provides readiness and capacity, which may be refined in a real polarized light microscopy (PLM) environment.
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Purnomo, Eko Andy, Bambang Dalyono, and Sri Handayani. "PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS ANDROID PADA MATAKULIAH STATISTIKA PENDIDIKAN." Jurnal Karya Pendidikan Matematika 5, no. 2 (October 18, 2018): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.26714/jkpm.5.2.2018.117-120.
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The curriculum and technology development hand in hand very rapidly, so it takes a concept and mechanism of ICT-based teaching and learning. The transformation process of conventional education into digital form, both in its content and its system. The progress of this technology should be utilized by the students as a provision in the classroom learning. Students are required to innovate and apply ICT in learning. Based on these things required a design and supplement learning materials so students can carry out in accordance with the demands. The one of innovation form is android-based learning media on n statistical education subject. The stages of this android system using pretest, practice working on the matter, as well as a posttest. In addition, the whole tutorial material such as SAT, RAT, concept maps and materials could be obtained by students through media-based android. The purpose of this research is to 1). know the process of developing android-based learning media is valid, 2). know the response of the students towards the implementation of the android-based learning media. The subject of this research was students of UT-UPBJJ Semarang pokjar Kendal. The development of the design and supplement learning materials used the 4-D model of Thiagarajan, Semmel Semmel and IE (define, design, develop, and disseminate). The method of data collection used interviews, observation, and question form. Based on the stages of the learning media development can be concluded 1). the android-based learning media development on educational statistics subject. The validity got 4.22 and included within the category of very valid. 2).The students ‘responses on the media-based learning android on education statistics subject had good responses. The students’ responses categories were very good 3.40.
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Dolenc, Kosta, Igor Pesek, and Boris Aberšek. "MODULAR AND BRANCHED STRUCTURE OF INDIVIDUALIZED INTELLIGENT E-LEARNING MATERIALS FOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY SUBJECT COURSE." Problems of Education in the 21st Century 57, no. 1 (December 25, 2013): 16–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/pec/13.57.16.
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E-learning and online education offers important opportunities for educators as well as for students. Traditional e-materials, as they are known today, do not allow the recognition of different parameters, such as: learning differences, prior knowledge, learning capabilities, learning environment, styles of learning, etc. Because e-materials are structured in such a way they cannot be successfully adapted for learners who consequently cannot control their own learning (Berge, 2002; Picciano, 2000; Saba, 2002). Such a result offers, among others, a highly anti-motivational effect. The preparation of modern e-materials therefore requires a thorough preparation in terms of content and design, which has to be (mostly) based on pedagogical and didactic theories. Modern e-materials, which can also be named educational e-materials, are usually accessible online (internet-based training (IBT), web-based training (WBT), online education, etc.), they enable and encourage self-learning, they are flexible, dynamic, interactive, use different types of media, individualized and adapted to the user’s needs. Mostly the latter characteristic will receive special attention in the following research. Key words: individualized e-learning, intelligent system, metadata.
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Li, Jinhai, Yunlei Ma, Xiang Zhan, and Jiaming Pei. "Research of Contextual Semantic Reasoning Model Based on Domain Ontology." Scientific Programming 2021 (September 13, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/4011190.
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With the development of mobile network technology and the popularization of mobile terminals, traditional information recommendation systems are gradually changing in the direction of real-time and mobile information recommendation. Information recommendation brings the problem of user contextual sensitivity within the mobile environment. For this problem, first, this paper constructs a domain ontology, which is applicable to the contextual semantic reasoning model. Second, based on the “5W + 1H” method, this paper constructs a context pedigree of the mobile environment using a model framework of a domain ontology. The contextual factors of the mobile environment are divided into six categories: the What-object context, the Where-place context, the When-time context, the Who-subject context, the Why-reason context, and the How-effect context. Then, considering the degree of influence of each contextual factor from the mobile context pedigree to the user is different, this paper uses contextual conditional entropy to calculate the contextual weight of each contextual attribute in the recommendation process. Based on this, a contextual semantic reasoning model based on a domain ontology is constructed. Finally, based on the open dataset provided by GroupLens, this paper verifies the validity and efficiency of the model through a simulation experiment.