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1
Ismagilova, Larisa, and Elvira Arylbaeva. "Labor productivity management: cognitive models of contradictions." Vestnik BIST (Bashkir Institute of Social Technologies), no. 2(55) (June 30, 2022): 154–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.47598/2078-9025-2022-2-55-154-161.
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The analysis of the research, demonstrating the interrelation between the efficiency of human resources management and economic results of the enterprise has been conducted. Causal relationship between human resource management and productivity is shown. Contradictions in the formation of human and labor resources are revealed. The defining role of human capital in the structure of intangible resources. The procedure of substantiation of the choice of HR-practices that involves the construction of a generalized cognitive model of the impact of intangible resources on productivity was formed. The structure of the system of labor productivity management is developed. The structure of the blocks of imitation model on the basis of econometric research data, the procedure of selection of the most important HR-factors is proposed. The possibility of substantiating the choice of control actions based on modeling results is shown. Causal scheme of labor productivity management through intangible resources of industrial enterprise is proposed. A set of econometric models built on the basis of generalization of empirical research and statistical data of specific enterprises was used to develop the model.
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Ploegmakers, Huub, and Friso de Vor. "Determinants of industrial land prices in The Netherlands: a behavioural approach." Journal of European Real Estate Research 8, no. 3 (November 2, 2015): 305–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jerer-04-2015-0016.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how the specification of hedonic pricing models can be improved by using insights generated from qualitative research. In doing so, it seeks to address one of the main problems in the specification of hedonic models, namely that theory yields little guidance in the selection of the characteristics that should be included on the right-hand side. Design/methodology/approach – Building on the behavioural tradition in real estate research, this paper introduces a research approach that integrates insights from qualitative analysis in an econometric model of land values. The empirical segment explores the way in which asking prices of building plots for industrial purposes are determined in The Netherlands. It draws from interviews with municipal land developers, who dominate supply in this market. The information secured during these interviews relates to the characteristics considered important and the kind of information used in the valuation process. Based on these qualitative data, an econometric model is developed and estimated. Findings – The estimation results confirm qualitative evidence that the typical developer considers only a limited number of features of the land in the valuation process and that the primary source of information in setting asking prices relates to the prices charged in neighbouring municipalities. Originality/value – This paper represents a novel attempt to examine the determination of land and property values by merging qualitative and quantitative, econometric analyses.
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Lin, MeiTing, and Chun Xu. "Research on the Influence of Digital Economy on the Upgrading of Industrial Structure." Advances in Economics and Management Research 3, no. 1 (December 30, 2022): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.56028/aemr.3.1.82.
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Based on the provincial panel data of China from 2013 to 2019, this paper calculates the comprehensive index of digital economy development, constructs a variety of econometric models, and discusses the effect and influence mechanism of digital economy on industrial structure upgrading. It is found that the digital economy has a significant positive effect on the upgrading of industrial structure; Digital economy promotes the upgrading of industrial structure by promoting technological innovation; According to the regional inspection, the effect of digital economy on industrial structure upgrading in central, eastern and western regions is gradually decreasing. Finally, according to the results of empirical research, some policy suggestions are put forward.
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Turlakova, Svitlana. "Research of mathematical methods and models of long-term industrial development." Economy of Industry 4, no. 100 (December 1, 2022): 53–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/econindustry2022.04.053.
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The importance of the study of relevant mathematical methods and models of long-term development of the national industry is substantiated. It has been proven that causal econometric models of production are relatively simple and convenient to use in practice, as well as the most common tools for researching the long-term economic future. It was defined that the production functions, adapted to individual circumstances, proved their ability to solve the assigned tasks. However, the problem of more accurate adjustment to the features of the simulated object of research is particularly relevant in the current conditions of development of Ukraine, in the conditions of concentration of attention on certain sectors, on particular branch of industry, and in connection with the revolutionary transformations of production forces and relations, in accordance with the spread of cyber-physical technologies of the Fourth Industrial revolution.In such specific circumstances, it makes sense to ask for more sophisticated models. On the one hand, they are better, as they allow more accurate tuning of the modeled object, including by adding important factors that are outside the production system. On the other hand, they are worse because they complicate the analysis and significantly increase the number of variables needed to describe the dynamics of economic growth. In this connection, expert research methods cannot be neglected. Choosing the type of model, the range of influencing factors, possible development scenarios, etc., usually requires expert assessments (often implicit). Therefore, when analyzing long-term factors and development trends, it is important to adhere to the main methodological message of expert approaches in the construction of foresights: for long time horizons in conditions of significant uncertainty, it is appropriate to ask questions not about the calculation of the "correct future", but about the assessment of the spectrum of probable scenarios of development, expansion and rethinking its new opportunities and challenges, in particular – to avoid potentially harmful ideas and expectations, embedded in the current policy.
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Xu, Shuang. "Application and Analysis of Spatial Spillover Effects of an Improved Panel Data Econometric Model in Universities, Population, and Industrial Parks in Guiyang." Mobile Information Systems 2022 (August 29, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9654342.
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In the field of econometrics, panel data are an extremely important type of data. In macroeconomic research, panel data models are widely used in exchange rate determination theory, testing of cross-border economic growth and convergence theory, analysis of industrial structure, research on technological innovation, etc. The agglomeration and population distribution of colleges and universities, and the economic support of industrial parks play an important role in economic and social development as a source of research and development and a source of talents. The panel data model usually assumes that the error term follows a normal distribution, but the actual data are difficult to satisfy this assumption, and the estimation obtained by traditional methods may be biased or even invalid. This paper proposes a more robust and effective estimation method (ELS-EL) based on the panel data mean regression model, and extends this method to complex panel data models such as generalized linear models and partial linear models; in addition, this paper is based on panel data. We proposed a two-stage instrumental variable method (2S-IVFEQR) to reduce the computational complexity and generalized the new method to the quantile regression model of dynamic panel data. At the same time, this paper uses the above-improved panel data econometric model to analyze the spatial spillover effects of college aggregation, population distribution, and industrial parks in Guiyang. This study found that the agglomeration of colleges and universities has significantly promoted the economic growth of our country. These promotion effects come from both the direct contribution of college agglomeration and the positive external spillover effect of college agglomeration.
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Kudryavtseva, T. Yu, and A. E. Skhvediani. "An econometric analysis of the regional industrial specialization: The Russian manufacturing industry case study." Economic Analysis: Theory and Practice 19, no. 9 (September 29, 2020): 1765–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.24891/ea.19.9.1765.
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Subject. The article reviews the manufacturing industry in Russian regions, calculates the indicators of regional industrial specialization needed for development of econometric models of spatial panel data. Objectives. The purpose is to create a methodology for analyzing the regional industrial specialization based on econometric tools; to test it, using the case of the manufacturing industry, for determining the type of externalities in the Russian Federation. Methods. To build econometric models, we use methods of least squares and maximum likelihood. We apply localization ratios to assess regional industrial specialization in terms of the volume of employment, revenue and investment in manufacturing, workforce productivity, etc. Results. The findings show the clustering of regions by the level of productivity. The localization of manufacturing industry in regions in terms of localization of employment and localization of productivity is negatively related to productivity in the region. This can be explained by the transition of regional economies to the post-industrial mode, where the service sector becomes more important, and by possible over-industrialization and specialization of certain regions in the context of the need to develop related sectors and to build links between them. The presence of direct negative MAR externalities may indicate a need for further research in positive Porter and Jacobs externalities for Russian regions manufacturing industry. Conclusions. The developed methodology enables to identify and analyze relationships between regional industrial specialization and regional indicators; to specify the type of externalities and determine the existence of indirect and direct effects of industry localization.
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Zrailo, Ivan, and Svitlana Hynkevych. "Modern Trends in the Functioning of Grain-Product Subcomplex of the Agricultural Sector of Ukraine in the Context of Implementing Its External Economic Potential." Economic and Regional Studies / Studia Ekonomiczne i Regionalne 13, no. 3 (September 1, 2020): 328–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ers-2020-0024.
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SummarySubject and purpose of work: The main purpose of the article is to research the state of grain-product subcomplex of the agro-industrial complex and identify the main trends in its functioning as a prerequisite for the implementation of the external economic potential of Ukraine.Materials and methods: The research used methodical tools for analysis, construction of econometric models, as well as open information sources of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine.Results: A set of factors (independent variables) were determined and the existence of theoretically their relationship with the production profitability of cereals and legumes (dependent variable) was substantiated. The regression equations for the investigated factors dependence were formed. The reliability of the econometric model was proved using Fisher’s criterion and Student’s t-criterion test.Conclusions: To increase the external economic potential of the grain-product subcomplex of the agro-industrial complex, it is advisable to focus on building rational mechanisms for managing the identified determinants of efficiency ensuring of the latter.
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Akbulaev, Nurkhodzha, Basti Aliyeva, and Shehla Rzayeva. "Analysis of the Influence of the Price of Raw Oil and Natural Gas on the Prices of Indices and Shares of the Turkish Stock Exchange." Pénzügyi Szemle = Public Finance Quarterly 66, no. 1 (2021): 151–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.35551/pfq_2021_1_8.
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This article is a review on the impact of prices and their dependence on the cost of oil and natural gas on the world stock markets. The main studies and results achieved in the field of the impact of prices on both the stock index and industrial stocks and the dependence on the level of oil prices are presented. The paper presents an econometric study on the choice of offers on the securities market that allows us to identify the main specifics of changes in prices for the stock index and industrial shares in the daily period from 13. 05. 2012 to 01. 12. 2019. The article uses methods for estimating the impact of the price of natural gas and WTI crude oil using the Gretl statistical program, taking into account the selection of the main correlation features of the price matrix. Of the 13 proposed research models, only one model showed its statistical insignificance. A paired linear model of the CocaCola share price dependence and its dependence on NGFO prices was presented and analyzed in detail. Based on the results of econometric modeling, linear regression models were constructed for the dependence of stock prices on the NGFO and WTISPOT prices. The Gretl environment allows you to evaluate the situation in the econometric environment and make a forecast based on the obtained models of the dependence of stock prices and make appropriate conclusions.
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Feshchur, R. V., N. O. Kolinko, S. V. Shyshkovskyi, and D. I. Skvortsov. "Applied Aspects of Industrial Production Research in Ukraine." Business Inform 4, no. 519 (2021): 73–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2021-4-73-81.
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Industry is one of the important sectors of the economy of any country in the world. At the same time, statistics show that the industrial complexes of many countries are developing unevenly, with periodic changes in the structure and volume of production under the influence of many internal and external factors. Ukraine's industrial complex is also undergoing spatial and structural distortions, but these trends do not always correspond to those formed in the world's leading countries in the direction and pace of change, although today the industrial complex of Ukraine is the most important structural part of Ukraine's economy, a third of fixed assets and more than 30% of the employed population. As one of the largest spheres of social production in the country, industrial production determines the level of its socio-economic development, the specialization of the economy and the extent of participation in the territorial division of labor. Properly chosen strategy for the development of industrial production, the appropriate volume and structure of production, a reasonable volume of sales allows all participants in production to achieve their financial goals. This is due to the importance of studying the activities of industrial enterprises. The article constructs nonlinear models of multiple regression, which describe the main trends in industrial production, the effect of external and internal factors on the economic performance of industry in general and industrial enterprises in the western region of Ukraine. It is established that innovative transformations in industrial production have led to the renewal of fixed assets and have had a positive effect on the dynamics of economic results. At the same time, this process was accompanied by a reduction in the number of people employed in industry. It is revealed that the influential factors of the external environment include economic conditions of management, and among the factors of the internal environment – the management of innovation and innovation activity of economic entities. It is recommended to expand the set of tools at the expense of distribution-lag, autoregressive, simulative and other econometric models to describe the relationship between the economic performance of enterprises and factor characteristics.
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Lam, Ka Chi, and Olalekan Shamsideen Oshodi. "Using Univariate Models for Construction Output Forecasting: Comparing Artificial Intelligence and Econometric Techniques." Journal of Management in Engineering 32, no. 6 (November 2016): 04016021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)me.1943-5479.0000462.
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Rosienkiewicz, Maria. "Artificial intelligence-based hybrid forecasting models for manufacturing systems." Eksploatacja i Niezawodnosc - Maintenance and Reliability 23, no. 2 (February 17, 2021): 263–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.17531/ein.2021.2.6.
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The paper addresses the problem of forecasting in manufacturing systems. The main aim of the research is to propose new hybrid forecasting models combining artificial intelligencebased methods with traditional techniques based on time series – namely: Hybrid econometric model, Hybrid artificial neural network model, Hybrid support vector machine model and Hybrid extreme learning machine model. The study focuses on solving the problem of limited access to independent variables. Empirical verification of the proposed models is built upon real data from the three manufacturing system areas – production planning, maintenance and quality control. Moreover, in the paper, an algorithm for the forecasting accuracy assessment and optimal method selection for industrial companies is introduced. It can serve not only as an efficient and costless tool for advanced manufacturing companies willing to select the right forecasting method for their particular needs but also as an approach supporting the initial steps of transformation towards smart factory and Industry 4.0 implementation.
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Rogowski, Andrzej, and Beata Zagożdżon. "Econometric models - a method for examining factors of implementation of public-private partnership projects in selected European countries." Journal of Civil Engineering and Transport 4, no. 3 (December 31, 2022): 25–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.24136/tren.2022.010.
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Modern science is based on the study of economic phenomena and tries to quantify them in a measurable way. Econometric models are used for this purpose. The object of this research was to develop econometric models that show the strength of the influence of various factors on the implementation of public-private partnership (PPP) projects in the area of transport infrastructure in France, GB, Germany, the Netherlands and Belgium. The models express the dependence of the value and number of PPP contracts on the value of measurable PPP success factors. Projects with a value of at least EUR40 million were included. A linear model and seven models transformable to linear were used. Four groups of factors were considered as explanatory variables. Fourteen indicators were obtained. Principal components determined based on covariance and correlation matrices were also used. The best models for the number of PPP contracts are linear and hyperbolic I models. For the value of contracts - linear and hyperbolic I and logarithmic models. The best models were indicated taking into account the type of explanatory variables and regardless of the type of explanatory variables. Nine criteria were used to assess the quality of the models. Factors having a significant impact on the value and number of PPP models were identified from the best models. Factors having no significant influence were also indicated.
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Басовский, Leonid Basovskiy, Басовская, and Elena Basovskaya. "System Model of Long-Term Technical and Economic Development." Economics 4, no. 5 (October 10, 2016): 18–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/22035.
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The results of the research of dissemination of technical and economic paradigms
in developed economies are given. A system model of long-term technical and
economic development is developed. The model assumes the simultaneous
existence in the economy of several subsystems of different technical and
economic paradigms. Each techno-economic paradigm is a new stage
of development and different from the previous paradigm of higher productivity.
Each subsequent industrial techno-economic paradigm provides higher
productivity due to higher capital intensity and energy intensity of production.
In the post-industrial techno-economic paradigms the higher performance
is provided at a lower capital intensity and energy intensity of production due
to a higher volume of information used. Beginning, transition to domination, the
beginning of the withering away of each paradigm is accompanied by the
formation of an upward half-wave of Kondratieff cycle. Econometric models
of Kondratieff cycles and econometric models of real GDP per capita is obtained,
provided technical and economic paradigms in developed countries. The fourth
techno-economic paradigm provides the real per capita GDP value from 1929
to 3258 dollars Gehry-Hemis 1990. The fifth techno-economic paradigm provides
a real GDP per capita value of 11,606 to 12,883 dollars Gehry-Hemis 1990. The
sixth techno-economic paradigm provides a real GDP per capita value of 22 360
to 28 385 dollars Gehry-Hemis 1990.
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Ignatieva, Elena, and Alla Serkova. "THE IMPACT OF INFRASTRUCTURE PROVISION ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN INDUSTRIAL REGIONS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION." Bulletin of the South Ural State University series "Economics and Management" 16, no. 3 (2022): 7–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.14529/em220301.
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The aim of the research, which constitutes the content of this article, is to analyze the impact of infrastructure provision on economic growth in industrial regions, as well as to substantiate the methodological approach to this analysis. Infrastructure and its constituent parts (production-economic, social and financial infrastructures) as an important factor in industrial and innovative development is the main subject of this study, and the industrial regions of the Russian Federation are chosen as the object of our study. The purpose of the study, as well as the specifics of the object of study determined the choice of the approach to this study. The realization of the approach involved the implementation of certain stages of the study. At the first stage, taking into account existing Russian and foreign studies, the criteria and indicators of industrial development were substantiated. Based on these, a sample of industrial-type regions from the entire set of regions (subjects of the Russian Federation) was built. At the second stage, the indicators of the provision of industrial regions with the three above-mentioned types of infrastructure were calculated using the algorithms proposed by the authors. The third stage consisted in the construction of econometric models of the dependence of economic growth on infrastructure factors. On the basis of the proposed approach, comparative estimates of infrastructure security were obtained and ratings of industrial regions were built on this basis. After performing the econometric analysis, the most significant infrastructure factors were selected, and their influence on the economic growth of this group of the Russian regions was assessed. The results of the study, according to the authors, can be useful for developing directions of the infrastructural development of industrial Russian regions as a condition for the smooth functioning of high-tech enterprises and ensuring economic growth under sanctions.
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Zaytsev, Andrey, Evgeniy Konnikov, Yuliya Asaturova, and Svetlana Didenko. "Modelling the cyclic influence of climate change on the world economic system." E3S Web of Conferences 211 (2020): 02007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021102007.
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Global climate change has become one of the central problems of the world economy over last decades. Its impact on the economy forces it to adapt to the new conditions. Increasing carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, resulting in the greenhouse effect, depletion of natural resources, pollutions and health problems directly caused by achievements of the industrial revolution have been catastrophic for the environment. The object of the research in this work is the world economic system. The aim of the research is to analyze the factors affecting climate change and to produce recommendations for preventing the negative impact of human economic activity on the world economic system. As a result of the research, four basic econometric models have been built: 1) dependence of temperature change on CO2 emissions; 2) dependence of the number of disasters on temperature change; 3) dependence of the world GDP on the number of disasters; 4) dependence of CO2 emissions on GDP. According to the results of econometric research, this study obtained working conceptual model, which describes cyclic influence of the four interrelated factors, forming a closed system. Thus, the work proves that there is a cyclic relationship between climate change and the state of the world economy.
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Chen, Xiaohong, Guodong Yi, Jia Liu, Xiang Liu, and Yang Chen. "Evaluating Economic Growth, Industrial Structure, and Water Quality of the Xiangjiang River Basin in China Based on a Spatial Econometric Approach." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 10 (September 25, 2018): 2095. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15102095.
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This research utilizes the environmental Kuznets curve to demonstrate the interrelationship between economic growth, industrial structure, and water quality of the Xiangjiang river basin in China by employing spatial panel data models. First, it obtains two variables (namely, CODMn, which represents the chemical oxygen demand of using KMnO4 as chemical oxidant, and NH3-N, which represents the ammonia nitrogen content index of wastewater) by pretreating the data of 42 environmental monitoring stations in the Xiangjiang river basin from 2005 to 2015. Afterward, Moran’s I index is adopted to analyze the spatial autocorrelation of CODMn and NH3-N concentration. Then, a comparative analysis of the nonspatial panel model and spatial panel model is conducted. Finally, this research estimates the intermediate effect of the industrial structure of the Xiangjiang river basin in China. The results show that spatial autocorrelation exists in pollutant concentration and the relationship between economic growth and pollutant concentration shapes as an inverted-N trajectory. Moreover, the turn points of the environmental Kuznets curve for CODMn are RMB 83,001 and RMB 108,583 per capita GDP. In contrast, the turn points for NH3-N are RMB 50,980 and RMB 188,931 per capita GDP. Additionally, the environmental Kuznets curve for CODMn can be explained by industrial structure adjustment, while that for NH3-N cannot. As a consequence, the research suggests that the effect of various pollutants should be taken into account while making industrial policies.
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Karpenko, Elena, and Kristina Shestakova. "Management of industrial development of the country: theoretical aspects and tools." University Economic Bulletin, no. 49 (May 22, 2021): 81–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2306-546x-2021-49-81-87.
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The relevance of the research topic is substantiated by the revival of the world community's interest in industry as a driver of economic development. The problem is that industrial development has a number of limitations as a result of imbalances between the resource potential of the economic system, its institutional structure and the dominant technical and economic paradigm, which require the development of special management tools. An analysis of recent publications shows the presence of scientific interest in the search for the relationship between the content of industrial policy, which serves as a tool for managing the country's industrial development, and the level of industrial and economic development in terms of creating certain economic conditions for its formation and implementation. However, the issues of scientific substantiation of the use of specific instruments of the country's economic policy for economic systems of various levels of industrial development are insufficiently studied. The purpose of the study is to determine and substantiate the factors of scientific and technical, foreign economic, financial and monetary spheres, influencing which it is possible to manage the industrial development of the country through the formation of a favorable environment for the implementation of industrial policy. The research methods used in the work are comparison, grouping, correlation-regression analysis, econometric modeling, systematic approach. Results of work. Within the framework of this study, on the basis of the constructed econometric models, the factors of foreign economic, scientific, technical and monetary policy were identified, which form favorable conditions for the implementation of industrial policy. The factors were differentiated for countries with different levels of industrial development. The field of application of the research results is the state policy aimed at stimulating industrial development. Conclusions. The work establishes the priority influence of monetary policy factors at a degree of industrialization from 0 to 1; monetary and scientific and technical policy with a degree of industrialization from 1 to 15; factors of all types are important if the degree of industrialization is higher than 15. Taking into account the above factors when developing the content of the national industrial policy will contribute to: achieving the goals in the field of industrial development, reducing the risks of negative effects from government intervention in industrial production, predicting the consequences of adopting certain economic solutions.
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Caswell, Julie A. "Using industrial organization and demand models for agribusiness research." Agribusiness 8, no. 6 (November 1992): 537–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1520-6297(199211)8:6<537::aid-agr2720080605>3.0.co;2-5.
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Gilmutdinov, R. Z., and L. R. Tukhvatullina. "STUDY OF TAX REVENUE MODELS DEPENDING ON STATE SUPPORT." Bulletin USPTU Science education economy Series economy 4, no. 42 (2022): 50–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.17122/2541-8904-2022-4-42-50-56.
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The purpose of this work is to build an econometric model and identify the dependence of the volume of tax revenues from the small and medium-sized business sector on the amount of support funds allocated by the state. It is relevant not only to build appropriate econometric models, but also to choose the best model. The object of the study is entrepreneurship and regional policy of the Republic of Tatarstan in 2002-2017. The analysis of the studied objects and the construction of econometric models will be carried out using paired linear, quadratic, and hyperbolic regressions. Of course, the choice of the best model can be purely conditional, because one model may have one indicator better, and another model, respectively, other indicators are better. But in general, the study should be conducted. The last years of the present time are not specifically included, since with the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on the economy, the results of state support for tax collection will be clearly distorted. Let's try to understand how the results of interaction between the state and entrepreneurs in this matter are obtained. As in several regions in the Republic of Tatarstan, state support for business is relevant. Financial support for entrepreneurs of the republic is provided through infrastructure facilities in various areas: the provision of microloans, preferential loans, leasing, subsidies, etc. So, in 2017, in the republic, entrepreneurs were issued a total of 5.1 billion rubles for the development of business activities. The Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation developed the project "My Business Park", the concept of which was brought to the federal level at the initiative of the leadership of Tatarstan. As noted in the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation, the approach proposed by Tatarstan deserves to be replicated as one of the best practices that provide the most comfortable conditions for the creation and development of new ones in a particular territory. Productions. During these years, 63 industrial sites of the municipal level operated in the republic, on which the activities of 442 residents were carried out, more than 8.1 thousand jobs were created. The volume of products produced at the end of 2017 amounted to about 22 billion rubles. For example, the maximum value of allocated funds can be observed in 2015 (6.81 billion rubles), the minimum – in 2016 (3.8 billion rubles). As you can see, certain steps are being taken by the state that give results. How effective such proposals are for entrepreneurship will be shown by our research.
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Zhang, Shuhua, Jian Li, Bao Jiang, and Tianmiao Guo. "Government Intervention, Structural Transformation, and Carbon Emissions: Evidence from China." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 2 (January 11, 2023): 1343. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20021343.
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Government intervention and structural transformation play an important role in both the economy and carbon emissions. Based on provincial panel data from China from 2003 to 2020, this paper employs econometric models to investigate the impact of government intervention and structural transformation on carbon emissions. In particular, structural transformation is divided into two indicators: The rationalization of the industrial structure and the upgrading of the industrial structure. According to the research findings, government intervention has significantly promoted carbon emissions and structural transformation has had dual effects on carbon emissions; meanwhile, the rationalization of the industrial structure has significantly increased carbon emissions, while the upgrading of the industrial structure has slowed down carbon emissions, with these findings passing the corresponding robustness test. The relationship between government intervention, structural transformation, and carbon emissions varies significantly over time and across regions. Further investigations revealed that government intervention and structural transformation have a significant impact on carbon emissions in various panel quantiles. Finally, the paper makes policy recommendations in order to provide empirical support for promoting China’s high-quality economic development and achieving the “double carbon” goal.
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Zeng, Fanyi. "The Impact of Financial Innovation on China's Provincial Economic Resilience." BCP Business & Management 30 (October 24, 2022): 9–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.54691/bcpbm.v30i.2253.
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Financial innovation's impact on the socio-economic resilience cannot be disregarded in the context of the ongoing pursuit of innovation. This study employs a variety of econometric models, including the moderating effect and the mediating effect, to experimentally assess the relationship between financial innovation and economic resilience. The study's findings show that: financial innovation can significantly boost a province's economic resilience; the proportion of state-owned enterprises mitigates the benefits of financial innovation for economic resilience; and improving industrial structure and market activity are two ways that financial innovation boosts economic resilience. Thus, the research in this paper promotes the understanding of the development effect of financial innovation and provides a reference for the path of economic resilience enhancement.
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Zhou, Chunbo, and Marios Sotiriadis. "Exploring and Evaluating the Impact of ICTs on Culture and Tourism Industries’ Convergence: Evidence from China." Sustainability 13, no. 21 (October 25, 2021): 11769. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132111769.
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Information and communications technologies (ICTs) have been driving the digital revolution of all industries worldwide. Industrial convergence constitutes a new feature and trend of contemporary industrial development and has received extensive attention from the media and public. However, the interrelationship between the two concepts—industrial convergence and ICTs—remains under-researched. This paper aims to explore and evaluate the ICTs’ impact on industrial convergence by focusing on the interrelationship between culture and tourism. The study takes an industrial economics perspective with a specific focus on the multi-dimensional (direct, moderated, and threshold) effects. A research framework was suggested synthesizing three econometric models and encompassing three hypotheses. The research model was then empirically tested and validated through quantitative research using China’s provincial panel data from 2004 to 2018. The study’s findings indicate a positive influence/relationship between ICTs and market-oriented reforms in the culture and tourism industries’ convergence. Moreover, a positive labor-convergence relationship was found, while the negative government–convergence relationship was uncovered in control variables. Regarding the moderating effect, the interaction of ICTs and market-oriented reforms is positively correlated with industrial convergence. In addition, there is a single-threshold effect of consumer demand on the ICTs–convergence relationship. This article extends our knowledge in two ways by addressing the knowledge gap regarding the interrelationship between culture and tourism and by providing new insights into the influence of ICTs on this industrial convergence that has theoretical and practical implications.
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Kurlov, V. V., M. A. Kosukhina, and A. V. Kurlov. "Model for assessing the digital maturity of an industrial enterprise." Economics and Management 28, no. 5 (June 16, 2022): 439–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.35854/1998-1627-2022-5-439-451.
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Aim. The work aimed to develop a quantitative model for assessing the digital maturity of an industrial enterprise.Tasks. The work was performed to define the concept of digital maturity of an industrial enterprise; systematize existing approaches to assessing the digital maturity of an industrial enterprise; conduct a critical analysis of existing approaches in terms of taking into account the requirements of the TOGAF corporate architecture levels, the requirements for the reliability of the assessment results; and propose a quantitative model for assessing the digital maturity of an industrial enterprise.Methods. The research tools used in this article include methods of system analysis and synthesis, methods of economic analysis for systematization of existing approaches to assessing the degree of digital maturity of an industrial enterprise, as well as methods of mathematical statistics, econometric analysis for developing a multivariate regression model for assessing the digital maturity of an industrial enterprise taking into account the requirements of the process approach.Results. A classification of models for assessing digital maturity is proposed, which is used to highlight the main approaches to the latter and consider the fields of enterprise activity to assess the level of its digital maturity, assessment scales, methods used in the assessment, and the scope of the models application, as well as the applicability of such models to a comprehensive assessment by levels of the enterprise architecture. A multifactorial regression model for assessing the digital maturity of an enterprise has been developed, which enables to assess the degree of influence of each direction of this assessment on the digital maturity of an enterprise and give recommendations for managing digital maturity, which can be used in the formation of an enterprise digital transformation strategy.Conclusions. The systematization of approaches to assessing the digital maturity of industrial enterprises revealed that the models currently used are mainly based on expert assessments, which leads to subjectivity. These models use nominal and ordinal scales, which makes it difficult to apply the apparatus of econometric analysis. The models described do not take into account the ratio of variables that determine the digital maturity of an enterprise and the levels of its architecture according to the TOGAF method, which results in a “patchwork” nature of considering the business processes of an industrial enterprise and, as a result, the lack of a comprehensive assessment of digital maturity. According to the authors, the incompleteness and subjectivity of the existing evaluation models, as well as the need for their modernization, are obvious. The authors propose a model for assessing the digital maturity of an industrial enterprise, which enables to solve the above problems. The coefficient of determination of the constructed model (R2 = 0.845) indicates that the share of the total scatter relative to the sample average of the integral indicator of digital maturity assessment is 84.5% explained by the constructed regression model. The multiple correlation coefficient (Multiple R = 0.919) indicates the strength of the relationship between the resulting and independent variables. The value of the Fisher criterion (F = 102) indicates the high significance of the constructed multivariate regression model. According to the calculation results, the significant standardized coefficients of the regression equation include Х1 beta, Х3 beta, Х4 beta, Х5 beta, therefore we can conclude that the variation of Х i has the strongest influence on the variation of the resulting attribute Y, when abstracted from the concomitant influence of variations of other factors included in the equation regression.
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Żurakowska-Sawa, Joanna. "Conditions of Economic Efficiency of Industrial Enterprises in the Enterprise Life Cycle Stages." Economic and Regional Studies / Studia Ekonomiczne i Regionalne 12, no. 3 (September 1, 2019): 287–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ers-2019-0026.
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SummarySubject and purpose of work: The purpose of the study is to determine the variables determining the level of synthetic measure of economic efficiency in listed companies of the industry sector as part of their enterprise life cycle.Materials and methods: The article uses data from annual unitary financial statements of industrial enterprises according to the classification of the Warsaw Stock Exchange and data describing the macroeconomic situation of the state economy. The research period covered the years 1999-2012. In order to examine which factors determine the level of economic efficiency at each stage of the life cycle of enterprises, estimation of econometric models was carried out.Results: In the models obtained for companies in the growth and maturity stage, statistically significant determinants were obtained only in the field of internal factors. In the models estimated for companies in the stages of launch, shake-out and decline, statistically significant conditions were identified, both in terms of external factors and in the area of internal factors.Conclusions: A comprehensive assessment of the conditions for the level of economic efficiency of enterprises should take into account both factors dependent on the enterprise (microeconomic) as well as those determined by the environment (macroeconomic) and beyond its control. It is therefore necessary for managers of enterprises to have extensive and up-to-date knowledge of factors and conditions that are significant in shaping the level of economic efficiency.
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Mi, Kena, and Rulong Zhuang. "Producer Services Agglomeration and Carbon Emission Reduction—An Empirical Test Based on Panel Data from China." Sustainability 14, no. 6 (March 19, 2022): 3618. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14063618.
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Although China has a high rate of economic development, it still faces the problems of unstable industrial structure, low industrial level, and large carbon emissions, which pose huge challenges to China’s sustainable development. China is working hard to develop producer services to achieve industrial transformation and reduce carbon emissions. In this context, there is an extremely urgent need to conduct academic research on changes in producer service agglomeration and carbon emissions. Whether the producer service industry has agglomeration characteristics, and whether the producer service industry affects carbon emissions through multiple paths, are issues worthy of attention. Therefore, this paper takes China as the research area, selects the provincial administrative unit as the research sample, and conducts research on these issues by using exploratory spatial data analysis methods and various spatial econometric models under the guidance of the relevant theories of new economic geography. Our research finds that producer services have significant spatial agglomeration characteristics, and they also have significant spatial differentiation patterns. In addition, the agglomeration of producer services can significantly promote the reduction of carbon emissions and can show obvious spillover effects. Finally, in response to the research conclusions of this paper, we also put forward countermeasures and suggestions from the perspective of the common development of producer service industry and manufacturing industry, hoping to promote China’s transformation from industrial economy to service economy, to maximize the use of producer service industry accumulated dividends.
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Rötheli, Tobias F. "Estimation of evolutionary models as a tool for research in industrial organization." Journal of Socio-Economics 37, no. 1 (February 2008): 138–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.socec.2006.12.027.
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Oleg S., Sukharev. "Industrial growth and technological prospects." Journal of New Economy 23, no. 1 (April 11, 2022): 6–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.29141/2658-5081-2022-23-1-1.
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For Russia, technological prospects of industrial growth come from Industry 4.0. The possibilities for their realisation depend on the combination of labour and fixed capital. The study focuses on identifying the conditions for the growth of capital in the industry, which creates it for both industrial and non-industrial sectors, as an important process that symbolises technological renewal. In addition to the introduction of digital technologies, a very wide range of production technologies need to be replaced. Methodologically, the research relies on the theory of industrial growth; employs methods of comparative, taxonomic analysis, elements of econometric modeling and formalisation of the relationship between the parameters under consideration using the classical production function. Their application demonstrates that the effect of Bazarov’s curve manifests itself also when addressing the problem of technological modernisation of industry, and has a regular character. A fundamental limitation to positive technological prospects and industrial growth is the presence of a vicious circle of development specific for the Russian industry, when the undercapitalization of the industry arises not only due to the consumption of the generated incomes, the dynamics of which has long been rather low, but also due to their distraction to other directions. The theoretical result of the study is obtaining the exact condition for the growth of industrial capital as the criterion of industrialisation. It allows establishing the area of industrialisation based on the growth of capital in non-industrial sectors exceeding the growth of labour in industry. The paper justifies the typologies of development models of industry as an economic system within the coordinates “capital – labour” and specifies modes of managing this development depending on the growth rates of labour and capital.
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Xing, Lizhi, Xi Ai, Jiaqi Ren, and Dawei Wang. "Network-Based Driving Force of National Economic Development: A Social Capital Perspective." Entropy 23, no. 10 (September 29, 2021): 1276. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e23101276.
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Network science has been widely applied in theoretical and empirical studies of global value chain (GVC), and many related articles have emerged, forming many more mature and complete analytical frameworks. Among them, the GVC accounting method based on complex network theory is different from the mainstream economics in both research angle and content. In this paper, we build up global industrial value chain network (GIVCN) models based on World Input–Output Database, introduce the theoretical framework of Social Capital, and define the network-based indicators with economic meanings. Second, we follow the econometric framework to analyze the hypothesis and test whether it is true. Finally, we study how the three types of capital constituted by these indicators interact with each other, and discuss their impact on the social capital (economic development level, i.e., GDP). The results prove that the structural capital (industrial status) has a positive impact on the social capital; the relational capital (industrial correlation) has a positive impact on both social capital and structural capital; the cognitive capital (industrial structure) has a small impact on the social capital, structural capital, and relational capital.
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Myszczyszyn, Janusz, and Błażej Suproń. "Relationship among Economic Growth, Energy Consumption, CO2 Emission, and Urbanization: An Econometric Perspective Analysis." Energies 15, no. 24 (December 19, 2022): 9647. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15249647.
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The key goal of this research was to figure out the short and long run relationship between environmental degradation caused by carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and energy consumption, the level of GDP economic growth, and urbanization in the Visegrad Region countries (V4). The study used data from the years 1996–2020. In the methodological area, ARDL bound test, and ARDL and ECM models were used to determine the directions and strength of interdependence. The results show that in the case of some V4 countries (Poland, Slovakia, and Hungary), changes in the urbanization rate affect CO2 emissions. Moreover, it was confirmed that the phenomenon of urbanization influences the enhanced energy consumption in the studied countries. In the case of individual countries, these relationships were varied, both unidirectional and bidirectional. Their nature was also varied—there were both long and short-term relationships. These findings suggest that the V4 countries should increase renewable and ecological energy sources. It is also recommended to enhancement energy savings in the areas of both individual and industrial consumption by promoting low-emission solutions. This should be done while considering changes in urbanization.
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Kalaš, Branimir, Vera Mirović, and Nada Milenković. "An application of dynamic models in evaluating relationship between direct taxes and investment in OECD countries." Industrija 49, no. 3-4 (2021): 7–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/industrija49-35561.
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The article researches the direct tax effect on investment share in thirty-five OECD countries for the period from 1996 to 2016 year. The goal of this research is to determine how direct taxes influence on investment level measured by the share in the gross domestic product. The empirical analysis enables the implementation of fundamental econometric procedures as well as different dynamic panel models in order to measure effect of direct taxes. Results of Hausman show that PMG model is appropriate for measuring the effect of tax revenue growth, personal income tax, corporate income tax and property tax on investment share in selected countries. The model results reflect significant effect of tax revenue growth, personal income tax and property tax in the long term, while corporate tax is not significant for investment share in OECD countries. However, direct taxes do not have significant impact on investment share in the short-term, except tax revenue growth has positive effect on the investment in observed period.
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Basovskiy, Leonid, and Elena Basovskaya. "Production Functions of Labor Productivity in Modern Russia." Scientific Research and Development. Economics 8, no. 3 (June 17, 2020): 18–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2587-9111-2020-18-22.
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To identify determinants of labor productivity, correlation relationships of productivity of various indicators was evaluated, reflecting the influence of a wide range of socio-economic and innovative factors in the regions of Russia for 2015-2017. It has been established that many indicators characterizing socio-economic and innovative factors do not have a significant relationship with labor productivity and are multicollenarity (they have correlation relationships among themselves). For each year, according to statistics of 82 regions of Russia, econometric models in the form of a well-known standard internal linear function - an analog of the Cobb-Douglas production function are constructed. The obtained models indicate a positive impact on labor productivity, capital-labor ratio, foreign investment, wage levels, income inequality, inflation in industrial goods and export markets. The obtained simulation results showing a significant positive effect on labor productivity exerted by income inequality and the inflation rate on the industrial goods market, which indicates the action of economic mechanisms in the country in developed countries. When performing research, it was found that the positive impact of capital-labor ratio on productivity in 2015-2017 was reduced. This indicates a decrease in the efficiency of use of fixed capital in countries, about the crisis in the country's economy.
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Topoleva, Tatiana. "Econometric estimation of the Influence of Innovative environment on the sustainable development in the Volga Federal District." E3S Web of Conferences 371 (2023): 05031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202337105031.
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In conditions of the emerging economy of a new type, the process of innovation becomes a crucial factor that ensures competitiveness and sustainable development in a wide range of fields. The latter includes scientific and technological sectors as well as the spheres of management and social transformation. Sustainable economic development sets sharp growth as its objective alongside the innovative capacity building and its later realization, bringing local and national economies in line with the market standards, and the improvement of performance through the introduction of innovations. The paper identifies and quantifies the most important factors of an innovative environment that affect sustainable development in the regions of the Volga Federal District [VFD]. We used the research methods of correlation and regression analysis. The established concept of the positive effects of innovative factors on the development of regions receives further confirmation and complementation from regression models for separate regions and the VFD in general compiled by us. Upon assessing the influence of innovations on the gross regional product in the regions of the VFD, we identified the introduction of advanced industrial technologies to the subjects of the VFD as the most influential factor. The research results can be implemented into the development of regional strategies for innovative development and its prognosis.
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Ma, Renfeng, Congcong Wang, Yixia Jin, and Xiaojing Zhou. "Estimating the Effects of Economic Agglomeration on Haze Pollution in Yangtze River Delta China Using an Econometric Analysis." Sustainability 11, no. 7 (March 29, 2019): 1893. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11071893.
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Haze pollution, a serious livelihood and environmental issue, has hindered China’s economic development. This paper, based on the improved output density model, empirically analyzes spatial patterns and impact factors of haze pollution within the Yangtze River Delta from 2015 to 2017 by statistical and spatial econometric models. The study shows that: (1) The characteristics of haze pollution due to seasonal changes are obvious in the Yangtze River Delta region, and the situation has gradually improved. (2) The haze pollution has significant local agglomeration characteristics and spatial heterogeneity, demonstrated as significant low-level agglomerations in Hangzhou, Ningbo, and Taizhou, and high agglomerations in Chuzhou, Yangzhou, Zhenjiang, and Taizhou. The polluted area clusters around the provincial boundary, and its level gradually decreases from northwest to southeast. There is a significant spatial positive correlation and spatial spillover effect of intercity haze pollution, which will have a negative impact on the region and surrounding areas. (3) The population growth, research and development (R&D) investment, industrial structure, industrial smoke and dust emissions, and urban construction in the Yangtze River Delta have positive impacts on haze pollution, while factors, such as investment intensity of foreign direct investment (FDI), energy consumption and precipitation, have a negative impact on smog pollution. However, there is no Kuznets curve relationship between smog pollution and economic growth. By optimizing spatial distribution, incorporating production factors, and sharing pollution control infrastructure, this paper shows that economic agglomeration has an inhibitory effect on haze pollution.
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Nasir, Ahtasham, Muhammad Zahir Faridi, Hammad Hussain, and Khawaja Asif Mehmood. "Energy Consumption and Bi-Sectoral Output in Pakistan: A Disaggregated Analysis." iRASD Journal of Economics 3, no. 2 (September 17, 2021): 68–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.52131/joe.2021.0302.0026.
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The objective of study is to check the vigorous impact of energy consumption on industrial and agricultural output with disaggregated analysis by having openness in both sectors and tube wells lone in agriculture sector as controlled variables. It is essential to analyze a connection between energy consumption and bi-sectoral output in Pakistan. Industrial and agricultural outputs have been taken as dependent variable, as they are mainly dependent on energy consumption. The data from 1999-2019 is employed for the analysis. The econometric technique autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) results are showing a strong bond between energy consumption and industrial output in disaggregated relationship. Electricity shows a negative relationship with industrial output because of developing countries power supply failure dilemma. Similarly, agriculture sector shows significance with energy consumption in disaggregated analysis. Openness of agriculture and gas consumption in agriculture shows a negative but statistically significant relationship. Capital and labor in both sectors are highly influencing regressors as par neo classical output theory, in our disaggregated energy consumption analysis. Error correction regression shows a strong short run and long run relationship of energy consumption with industrial and agricultural output. The stability diagnostic recursive estimates show the perfectly interlinked variables in both models. The present research is equally important for the academic and policy makers as it reveals a strong bond between energy consumption and bi-sector output in Pakistan. Potential measures on energy supply can increase industrial and agricultural output.
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Basovskiy, Leonid, and Elena Basovskaya. "The main Factors of Labor Productivity in the Regions of the Central Federal District." Scientific Research and Development. Economics 10, no. 3 (June 17, 2022): 27–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2587-9111-2022-10-3-27-31.
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To assess the impact of production factors on labor productivity in the regions of the Central Federal District, based on cross-regional data, econometric models were built. At the same time, the hypothesis was evaluated that in the process of transition to a post-industrial economy, along with traditional factors, labor productivity is significantly influenced by human capital and new technologies. When performing research, econometric models were obtained in the form of internally linear functions. As a factor of new technologies that determines labor productivity, we used data on the share of innovation costs in the total output of enterprises and organizations in the region. As human capital factors, we used data on the average level of education of employees in the region, which was estimated by the average length of their education in the education system, as well as on the shares of employed workers with different levels of education. The results obtained allow us to conclude that in the regions of the Central Federal District, labor productivity, new technologies in the form of innovation and the human capital of employed workers, measured by the level of education, have a significant positive impact on productivity. The use of labor of workers with higher education and the labor of workers with secondary vocational education who have been trained in training programs for mid-level specialists has a positive impact on labor productivity. Labor productivity is negatively affected by the use of labor of workers with secondary vocational education in training programs for skilled workers and employees, the use of labor of workers with secondary general education, basic general education, who also do not have basic general education.
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Jiao, Shuaitao, and Qiubi Sun. "Digital Economic Development and Its Impact on Econimic Growth in China: Research Based on the Prespective of Sustainability." Sustainability 13, no. 18 (September 14, 2021): 10245. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su131810245.
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At present, there is a consensus that the digital economy provides a new impetus for sustainable economic development. Based on domestic and foreign literature reviews, this paper focuses on representative industry sectors; we present China’s 2011–2018 digital economy development index, for 173 cities, from a three-level perspective—internet development, digital literacy, and industrial efficiency improvement. Various models, such as the instrumental variable method, the double difference method, the intermediary effect model, and the spatial econometric model were used to quantitatively analyze the impact of digital economic development on urban economic growth in China. The study finds that: (1) digital economic development in China has a positive effect on urban economic growth, and a heterogeneity of effects exists between different cities. (2) Urban employment is the “effect mechanism” of digital economic growth on urban economic growth. (3) The direct effect of digital economic development on urban economic growth in China is positive, the spillover effect is positive, the direct effect is greater than the spillover effect, and the total effect is positive. The research results enrich the measurement methods used in urban digital economic development in China, providing new perspectives for studying the influence mechanisms of digital economic development on urban economic growth.
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Wu, Maoguo, and Qingshu Li. "Impact of Cultural and Creative Industries on Regional Economic Development in China — A Spatial Econometric Approach." Research in World Economy 9, no. 1 (April 19, 2018): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/rwe.v9n1p46.
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In the 1990s, the United States and some developed European countries began to focus on developing some emerging industries, such as the cultural and creative industries, which developed effectively with traditional industries and achieved great economic benefits. With the worldwide economic integration, as a developing country, China has gradually realized the importance of emerging industries in the 21st century. Cultural and creative industries have also attracted more attention and achieved rapid development in the past few years. However, cultural and creative industries in China are still in the early stage of development. Industrial investment and related facilities have not yet formed the scale. Besides, relevant industrial policies are constantly changing. Meanwhile, the speed of cultural and creative industries’ development and their impact on the economy vary greatly in different regions of China due to factors like the scale of industry-related talents and the level of scientific research, resulting in uncoordinated development of technical layout and unbalanced economic development. Therefore, it is imperative to study the relation between cultural and creative industries and regional economic development.This paper selects data of 31 provinces from 2003 to 2013 and forms spatial panel data set. Four types of spatial econometric models are utilized to assess the impact of cultural and creative industries on regional economic development in China. Empirical results show that there is a strong spatial autocorrelation among different regions’ economic development in China. The development of cultural and creative industries can effectively promote the development of the regional economy in many aspects. In particular, the economy in the Center and the East is affected more significantly by the development of cultural and creative industries. Cultivation and inflows of cultural and creative talents, expenditure of scientific research, support of government and construction of related facilities are important factors of improving regional economy. For the West, the development of cultural and creative industries has a certain hindrance to the regional economy and some more effective ways should be raised to improve the region’s economy. Finally, according to the empirical result, this paper puts forward corresponding policy implications for different cultural and creative industries and the economy in different regions.
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Vasyaycheva, Vera Ansarovna. "Human resources management for industrial enterprises in the context of innovative changes: Its role, characteristics, and optimization areas." Вестник Пермского университета. Серия «Экономика» = Perm University Herald. ECONOMY 16, no. 4 (2021): 405–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/1994-9960-2021-4-405-420.
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The transition to the sixth technological order of the modern economy develops new approaches and principles of managing economic systems aimed to reproduce groundbreaking innovations that contribute to economic growth and enhance the competitive advantages of the country's economy in the world arena. This validates the issue of strengthening human resources of industrial enterprises as a key component for the competitiveness of national industry. The purpose of the research is to develop a mechanism for the efficient management of human resources of industrial enterprises. This mechanism should ensure sustainability of human resources innovative development in the context of unpredictable environment. To achieve the purpose of the research, the authors applied the methods of scientific cognition: a dialectic approach, analysis and synthesis, as well as the tools of econometric modeling. The analysis helped develop economic and mathematical models which, unlike the existing ones, prove the actual need for stronger human resources of the RF industrial enterprises with a better quality of human resources management in the context of global economy trends. The models can be used to predict trends in the RF economy, timely identify relevant areas of innovative development and develop proactive management measures to enhance human resources efficiency in the context of innovative changes. The proposed mechanism for enhancing the industrial enterprises’ human resources ensures constant and comprehensive monitoring of enterprise environment, construction of flexible architecture of management processes, structuring of the management functions, reasonable distribution of the functional tasks among the departments and particular executors, regulation and optimization of subject-object relations, identification and classification of the parameters which impact the successful achievement of strategic goals, as well as the development of a transparent system of eliminating the barriers for worse quality and efficiency of human resources exploitation. The scientific recommendations and conclusions articulated in this study can act as a methodological tool for the management of industrial enterprises in determining options for solving the problems of economic growth and increasing competitiveness. Further research is seen to be in unification of the methodological tools of human resources management with regard to the proposed management system based on modern information technologies.
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Basovskaya, Elena, and Leonid Basovskiy. "New Cycles and Systemic Crises of the World Economy." Scientific Research and Development. Economics 10, no. 3 (June 17, 2022): 4–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2587-9111-2022-10-3-4-8.
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The purpose of the work was to identify new long-term cycles of modern world economic dynamics. In the world economic dynamics, long-term - half-century cycles were identified, identified as the cycles of N. Kondratiev, which were formed during the formation of the industrial economy. The transition to a post-industrial economy could change the cyclic nature of economic dynamics. To assess possible changes in the system of long-term cycles of economic dynamics, a spectral analysis of the series of per capita GDP of the leaders of the world economy in terms of labor productivity was performed. The results showed that in the 20th century the economic dynamics of Great Britain and the United States formed powerful cycles with a period of 25-30 years. A spectral analysis of the series of per capita GDP in the world for the period 1962-2019 has been performed. The results obtained indicate that at the turn of the 20th-21st centuries, powerful cycles with a period of 25-30 years were formed in world economic dynamics, significantly exceeding half-century cycles in terms of power.
Econometric models with a cyclic (harmonic) component are constructed to estimate the parameters of cycles. At the first stage of research, the model of world per capita GDP was guarded, the optimized period of which was 65. At the second stage, a model was built, the optimized period of which was 25 years. The possibility of the existence of two models indicates that in the economic systems of developed countries, in the world economy, transitional processes are taking place. Both models may reflect the beginning of the formation at the beginning of the second decade of a new technological order, characteristic of the post-industrial economic system. This means the possibility of a systemic global economic crisis in 2022-2023.
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Akhmad, Akhmad, Amir Amir, Syafiuddin Saleh, and Zainal Abidin. "Effectiveness of Regional Government Expenditure in Reducing Unemployment and Poverty Rate." European Journal of Development Studies 2, no. 4 (October 27, 2022): 90–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejdevelop.2022.2.4.129.
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Poverty rate in Indonesia is currently relatively high that requires real action from the government to reduce it. The government efforts to reduce the poverty rate are reflected in the government expenditure. This research reveals the regional government expenditure effectiveness in reducing poverty and unemployment rate in South Sulawesi Province. Data used in the research are panel data, which is a combination of cross-section data of 24 regencies and city and time series data in 2009-2018. The data will be analyzed using econometric models with simultaneous equation system. The research finds that private investment has a significant influence in reducing poverty rate, whereas capital expenditure has a significant influence in increasing private investment. Moreover, investment has a significant influence in improving gross regional domestic product in industrial sector as well as other sectors. Population has a positive influence in improving poverty rate indicating that regional government should support the planned family policy. The result of policy simulation indicates that an increase in capital expenditure, total government expenditure, and goods and services expenditure by the regional government, brings positive impact on economic growth and poverty reduction.
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Yang, Fan, Noman Riaz, and Guoyong Wu. "Inequity in Environmental Pollution of China’s Livestock and Poultry Industry: A Frontier Applications of Spatial Models." Sustainability 14, no. 18 (September 16, 2022): 11671. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141811671.
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The study’s main aim is to find out the environmental livestock and poultry pollution. The study used data from 31 provinces in China from 2007 to 2019. This paper used two steps for empirical findings. In the 1st step, it conducted an initial analysis of the farmland pollution burden and water pollution that arises from the livestock and poultry industry. After this, through the fair distribution index researcher, the study analyzed the inequity of the environmental pollution burden on the livestock and poultry industry. Finally, by constructing a frontier spatial matrix and spatial econometric model, the study has analyzed the impact of economic development on the inequity of the environmental pollution burden. The econometrical analysis has provided the following conclusions: (1) China’s arable land is facing a serious pollution burden due to livestock and poultry manure. The results show that the livestock and poultry manure burden value is greater than 1. This value explained the serious environmental threat in 13 areas of China. Water pollution showed a fluctuating trend in four areas of China, while the threat of farmland pollution showed a downward trend. (2) The environmental equity index of the livestock and poultry industry in many regions of China is less than 1. This means one region is producing more pollution than its capacity. So, the pollution has crowded out the environmental capacity of other regions, resulting in an unfair environmental burden. This unfair environmental burden is especially prominent in the western region of China. (3) The phenomenon of environmental pollution-burden inequality has a spatial correlation. The environmental pollution burden inequality of a region has a significant spatial crowding out effect on the surrounding areas at the level of 1%, and the coefficient of spatial effect is −0.909. (4) The per capita GDP of the surrounding areas has a significant “inverted U-shaped” indirect impact on the environmental distribution equity index of the region, with an inflection point of 33,500 yuan/person. The research points out that clear property rights, guidance to regulate emissions trading, control blind pollution transfer, moderate industrial structure adjustment, improving rural residents’ education level, etc., are beneficial to the improvement of the environmental livestock and poultry pollution.
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Flambard, Véronique. "Demand for housing choices in the north of France: a discrete approach." Journal of European Real Estate Research 10, no. 3 (November 6, 2017): 346–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jerer-11-2016-0038.
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Purpose This research aims to analyse the housing demand in northern France with respect to socio-demographic variables and the distance between the residence and the workplace. Design/methodology/approach Econometrics with discrete choice models are used to study the three main dimensional choices of housing demand: tenure, type and location. A contribution is to use a heteroscedastic logit model where the variance of the error term is allowed to differ over alternatives and to capture in particular the heterogeneity of tastes. As a matter of fact, household characteristics are very likely to influence the magnitude of the scale parameter in the choice of housing alternatives and then influencing the results if it is not taken into account. Applications for housing demand are nearly non-existent. This paper fills this gap. Findings Econometric estimation confirms that residential choices are influenced by age, income and size of the household, as well as by the rent-to-income ratio. An increase in any of these variables decreases the probability of choices of all the alternatives other than the most often chosen alternative (which is for this application house ownership in the suburb). Moreover, the distance to work systematically influences the housing choice for single-parent families and two-earner households. Additionally, preferences are found to significantly differ between local housing markets, specifically between Lille (a large agglomeration and capital city of the North area) and Dunkerque (an industrialised area). The geographical areas are defined based on INSEE employment zones (“zones d’emplois”). Research limitations/implications This research has been performed for the north of France and may not hold for other areas even though the methodology can be replicated and the mechanisms at play are quite similar elsewhere. Practical implications An important conclusion for sustainable development is the importance to improve city centre amenities relative to those of the suburb or to increase the services associated with high-density dwelling because clearly the most desired alternative remains a house in the suburb. The housing market in the Dunkerque area has some special features characterised by a strong industrial landscape (with port and heavy-duty industrial activities). In this context, amenities provided by the city centre offset the strong attraction of a house in the suburb. Social implications This research shows that households with similar characteristics tend to prefer the same type of real estate property. Therefore, to avoid social segregation, it is important that housing supply respond to different household preferences and needs in the different segments of the housing market. Moreover, the housing supply should take into account the specificities of the geographical areas (both in terms of population who may have a different profile) and in terms of amenities. Originality/value This research is one of the very few conducted ones on discrete housing choices in France (with the notable exception of De Palma et al., 2007 for the choice of location). Three simultaneous choices are considered: tenure (including social housing which is almost always ignored), type of building and location. The authors have shown that it is important to take into account the heterogeneity of the preferences in the econometric model with a heteroscedastic logit model.
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Wu, Dongxu, and Zhongmin Wu. "Intergenerational links, gender differences, and determinants of self-employment." Journal of Economic Studies 42, no. 3 (August 10, 2015): 400–414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jes-08-2013-0111.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the determinants of self-employment, using data from the British Household Panel Survey. Design/methodology/approach – Using the maximum likelihood estimation, the authors estimate the Probit models via disaggregation of the sample by male and female, and inclusion of regional and industrial controls. Findings – This paper finds that the intergenerational links in self-employment run significantly through father-son, and mother-daughter. In addition, the authors find that lump-sum endowment, aspiration, marriage and education attainment are all significant and positive determinants for female self-employed while insignificant for male self-employed. Variables including number of children, health of the individual, and age effect are more important determinants for male than for female self-employed. Research limitations/implications – The findings show that there are significant differences between male and female self-employed. Future studies on self-employment should therefore distinguish the two genders in their econometric models. Originality/value – The authors reinforce and add to the exiting literature on gender differences in the determinants of self-employment. The authors disaggregate the data by gender, and introduce some important variables for empirical studies, such as father self-employed, mother self-employed, aspiration, health of the individual, and age effect.
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Smerichevska, S., I. Miahkykh, S. Yeletskykh, S. Borysova, and V. Bryzhnychenko. "Financial and economic narratives for evaluation of innovative potential of enterprises." Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu, no. 1 (February 28, 2022): 145–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.33271/nvngu/2022-1/145.
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Purpose. Development of a methodological approach to the assessment of the enterprise innovation strategy and its modeling. Methodology. During the research, we used general and special methods: systematization for generalization of theoretical bases, comparative analysis and synthesis in order to clarify concepts, formal-logistical for the formation of a methodological approach, graphic-analytical method for visual presentation of research results; empirical research for the study of innovation potential, simulation and multiple regression modeling for the formation of strategic guidelines. Findings. The methodical approach of assessment of the enterprises innovative potential was grounded and the initiative model of choosing the strategy of enterprises was created, which allows analyzing quantitative indicators of structural elements of potential, assessing the level of development of each component. In the course of the research a methodical approach to assessing the intellectual potential of industrial enterprises has been developed. Originality. In contrast to the existing ones, this methodological approach provides: a comprehensive assessment of the innovation potential of industrial enterprises; econometric models for determining the components of the innovation potential of enterprises; the model of innovation strategy selection, which is an informational and analytical tool for working out the variants of strategies and development orients. It is proved that the implementation of the developed methodological approach will allow adopting an effective innovative strategy of enterprise development taking into account financial and economic narratives. Practical value. The results of the research can be used by practitioners, scientists, government officials (the Ministry of Economic Development and its structural divisions, local self-government bodies in the field of economics) for the development and implementation of innovation strategies, as well as for the development of managerial decisions in the field of innovation, increasing the value added, capitalization and level of competitiveness.
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Doroshenko, Yuriy A., Maria S. Starikova, and Viktoriia N. Riapukhina. "Models of Regional Development in Russia: Level of Industrialisation and Innovative Performance." Engineering Economics 32, no. 3 (June 30, 2021): 247–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ee.32.3.25897.
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The growth in the share of industry in the structure of Gross Domestic Product due to an increase in its competitiveness, causes a multiplier effect of accelerating economic growth, reducing unemployment and developing social and transport infrastructure. All these imperatives actualise the task of deepening the analysis of the level of industrialisation and innovative performance of the national economy and its regions. To achieve this goal, a theoretical analysis of the relationship between industrial growth and innovation activity was carried out, and the problems of industrial growth of the Russian economy were identified. The proposed toolkit is based on assessing the level of industrialization and innovative performance of the region. Based on their comparison, four models of industrial and innovative development are distinguished: model of non-industrial development, model of post-industrial development, model of neo-industrial development, and model of industrial development. According to the results of the study, the structure of Russian regions by the type of industrial-innovative development model is relatively stable and insufficiently progressive. Only a third of the regions have high innovative performance. The lack of the required balance between the development of industrial potential and the innovative productivity of Russian regions is associated with the low efficiency of the applied industrial policy measures. The research results can be useful for assessing the quality of industrial growth of regions in countries with transitional economies.
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A. Rodionova, I., T. V. Kokuytseva, and A. S. Semenov. "Mathematical Model of the Influence of Innovative Development Factors on the Economy of Leading Countries and Russia." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.38 (December 3, 2018): 406. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.38.24592.
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This article is dedicated to the econometric analysis of the influence of different factors on the economic development. It has been proved that the gross domestic product is under the influence of exogenous variables such as value added of knowledge and technology intensive industries (KTI), number of patents granted in smart grid technology and expenditures on R&D. Creation of econometrical models provides an empirical evidence to support the evaluation of economic relationships, which occur in a modern economy in the era of development of digital technologies.The penetration of information and communication technologies (ICT) into all sectors of the economy and the sphere of vital activity of the population is a key factor of scientific, technical and economic progress in the context of globalization. Opportunities and difficulties of the countries of the world in the transition to a post-industrial economy reflect international ratings. They characterize the unevenness of innovative development and the use of innovations and information technologies. For the analysis of Russia's positions in the world innovation economy, several international ratings of innovative development have been selected (The Global Innovation Index, The Networking Readiness Index, and The Global Competitiveness Index). The analysis showed not only the representativeness of the international innovation ratings chosen for the analysis, but also the high correlation between the indices in international innovation ratings and individual indicators of economic development of countries. The importance of policies in the use of ICT and the digital economy for structural changes in the economy is noted.Russia is inferior to the world's leading leaders in terms of innovation activity and economic development. In the light of the economic sanctions of the economically developed countries of the West against Russia, this gap may even increase. Assessing Russia's position in international innovation development ratings, including R & D spending, has highlighted the need to take into account global trends and challenges, and econometric analysis helps to understand the world trends better and to offer reasoned recommendations for improving the situation in this area.The recommendations will facilitate Russia's early transition to a socially-oriented innovative type of economic development. The main direction is the development of the national innovation system and the inclusion of Russia in the global innovation space.The purpose of this research is to describe mathematically the influence of modern innovative factors on economy on the example of one of the leading countries, to characterize Russia's position in international innovation ratings and highlight Russia's problems in research and innovation. Results and practical importance are to issue recommendations for improving the activation of Russia's involvement in the process of internationalization in the field of research and innovation. It is necessary to adjust the direction of further development.
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Kharazishvili, Yuri, and Vyacheslav Lyashenko. "Accounting for innovative factors of economic growth in the production function of Cobb-Douglas (on the example of old industrial regions of Ukraine)." Economy of Industry 1, no. 93 (March 25, 2021): 5–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/econindustry2021.01.005.
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Based on the analysis of the quantitative assessment of the influence of the factors of innovative activity on the dynamics of economic development and the endogenous determination of its contribution to the economic growth of the country, it is revealed that in foreign researches it is identified with the concept of the influence of scientific and technological progress. However, the impact of innovative factors on economic growth is not considered separately. Attempts of such a definition in Ukrainian researches are limited to well-known approaches: methods of integral assessment, methods of expert assessments, the method of multipliers, econometric models. Most of the approaches considered are focused on defining the innovative impact on economic development, rather than on economic growth. The main tool for assessing the role and innovative contribution to economic growth is the aggregate supply function model, usually based on the Cobb-Douglas production function. The analysis of the approaches used revealed a number of comments on econometric approaches. In contrast to this, an approach is proposed based on the neoclassical production function of Cobb-Douglas with a constant return to scale in the form of J. Tinbergen, with technical progress neutral according to J. Hicks, decreasing marginal productivity of macrofactors with limited interchangeability, which provides a causal functional (and not a statistical) relationship between input and output variables; does not require long time series. It is characterized by dynamic coefficients of elasticity, capital utilization rate and taking into account the innovation factor in each separate period. The innovation factor includes: the gross domestic expenditures on research and development, the expenditures on innovation, general expenditures on education. To define the contribution of formal innovation factor in economic growth applied "method of Solow residual", which by taking the logarithm and obtaining logarithmic derivatives in the production function, provides a formalized information about the contribution of each factor to economic growth and allows to develop the necessary regulatory measures. The method has been tested at the level of the country and old industrial regions of Ukraine: Dnepropetrovsk, Zaporozhye and Kirovograd regions of the Dnieper economic region of Ukraine. The role, importance and influence of the main factors of economic growth along with innovative ones on the part of the aggregate supply are considered and the cost-effectiveness of innovative factors is estimated.
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Zabielavičius, Antanas, Irena Zabielavičienė, and Eligijus Toločka. "THE UTILIZATION OF THE CREATIVITY OF ENGINEERING PERSONNEL IN INDUSTRIAL / INŽINERINIO PERSONALO KŪRYBIŠKUMO PANAUDOJIMAS PRAMONĖS ĮMONĖSE." Mokslas - Lietuvos ateitis 3, no. 6 (January 3, 2012): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mla.2011.104.
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The article presents the concept and models of creativity, which demonstrates the viewpoints of various authors considering directions for research on creativity factors. The authors determine three main individual creativity factors: openness, perception and idea content. The paper describes the concept of the introduced creativity factors and the results of an econometric analysis of the effect of these factors on the creativity of engineering staff. The surveyed data is used for analyzing organizational behaviour in industrial firms, which has an impact on the utilization of creativity potential for engineering personnel. The viewpoint on creativity and dominant organizational behaviour in industrial firms shows that an “economic-commercial” creativity model is applied in practice. In most industrial establishments, employee‘s creativity is viewed only as an opportunity to increase company‘s revenue and profit and no attention is paid to the expression of employee‘s intellectual power and independency. The paper provides suggestions on how to improve organizational behaviour in order potential for employee‘s creativity would be better utilized. Santrauka Straipsnyje pateikiama kūrybiškumo samprata ir modeliai, atskleidžiantys įvairių autorių požiūrį į kūrybiškumo veiksnių tyrimo kryptis. Straipsnio autoriai išskiria tris pagrindinius asmenybės kūrybiškumo veiksnius: atvirumą, suvokimą ir idėjiškumą. Pateikta kūrybiškumo veiksnių – atvirumo, suvokimo ir idėjiškumo – samprata ir šių veiksnių įtakos inžinerinio personalo kūrybiškumui analizės, atliktos ekonometriniais metodais, rezultatai. Remiantis apklausos duomenimis, nagrinėjama organizacinė elgsena pramonės įmonėse, turinti įtakos inžinerinio personalo kūrybinio potencialo panaudojimui. Pramonės įmonėse susiformavęs požiūris į kūrybiškumą ir vyraujanti organizacinė elgsena rodo ekonominio komercinio kūrybiškumo modelio taikymą praktikoje. Daugelyje pramonės įmonių darbuotojų kūrybiškumas vertinamas tik kaip galimybė padidinti įmonės pajamas bei pelną ir visiškai nekreipiama dėmesio į darbuotojų intelekto galios ir nepriklausomybės išraišką. Straipsnyje pateikiami siūlymai, kaip tobulinti organizacinę elgseną, siekiant geriau panaudoti kūrybinį darbuotojų potencialą.
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Doroshenko, Y. A., M. S. Starikova, and V. N. Ryapukhina. "Identification of Industrial and Innovative Development Models of Regional Economic Systems." Economy of regions 18, no. 1 (2022): 78–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.17059/ekon.reg.2022-1-6.
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New industrialisation challenges, turbulent economic environment and opening market niches change the structure of competitiveness factors and determine the innovativeness of industrial development. In the current context, it is necessary to deepen the analysis of industrialisation and innovation performance of regions. Therefore, this study aims to identify industrial and innovative development models present in Russian regions. To this end, we propose a methodology based on assessing the localisation coefficients of both regional industrialisation and innovation performance. Calculation of these indicators resulted in the creation of four models: Model 1 (low industrial development and low innovation performance), Model 2 (low industrial development and high innovation performance), Model 3 (high industrial development and high innovation performance), Model 4 (high industrial development and low innovation performance). The classification of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation according to the industrial and innovative development model shows that more than 40 % of regions use Model 1 and about 12 % of territories use Model 2. Simultaneously, approximately 27 % of regions (including Tula, Lipetsk, Chelyabinsk, Vladimir oblasts, Republic of Bashkortostan) chose Model 3, which most fully meets the new industrialisation challenges. The high stability of this disproportionate structure indicates the absence of positive dynamics and poor balance of industrial and innovation policy measures in most Russian regions in the period 2015–2019. The study results can be used to create an alternative ranking of innovative development of regions. Further research can apply these findings to assess the efficiency of regional industrial and innovation policies.
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Matrizaev, B. D. "Research of methodological principles and financial mechanisms of macro-strategic management of the dynamics of technological innovation systems." Finance: Theory and Practice 26, no. 1 (February 26, 2022): 144–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.26794/2587-5671-2022-26-1-144-155.
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Production and consumption systems need radical innovations to meet the challenges of the post-industrial world. The questions of how systemic innovations or changes in socio-technical systems are implemented and in what form the principles and mechanisms of macro-strategic management of them can be organized are very relevant. Equally relevant is the issue of ensuring the inflow of resources for technological development, such as public funding or private capital. The aim of the article is to study a new model for the implementation of innovations in socio-technical systems based on a system dynamics approach. The author applies methods of a systematic approach to the analysis of economic processes and phenomena, methods of statistical and econometric analysis, methods of grouping and classification, economic and mathematical modeling, methods of comparative historical and cross-country analysis, forecasting methods and expert judgments. The article examines the methodological principles and mechanisms of macro-strategic management of the dynamics of technological innovation systems and ensuring their financial support. The author proposes a new methodological approach based on system dynamics, which combines two modern concepts of technological innovation systems management: the concept of “innovation engines”, based on the research on new technological innovation systems, and the concept of a “three-vector transition module”. A model of the emergence or decline of technological innovation systems in the context of various transitional processes (changes) in socio-technical systems is identified. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the development of new and improvement of the key methodological approaches currently used for the strategic management of the dynamics of technological innovation systems. The conclusions of the article show that the new methodological approach proposed by the author provides an important first step towards the study of more formalized models for studying the dynamics of technological innovation systems.