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1
Coyne, Erin. "Reputation as Information: A Multilevel Approach to Reputation in Organizations." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1276696814.
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Cho, Jung Hun. "Essays on reputation." Texas A&M University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/4147.
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This dissertation examines reputation, the belief of the decision maker about
types of advisors, in incomplete information games with multiple advisors. The decision
maker believes that an advisor can be one of two types â an advisor who is
biased towards suggesting any particular advice (bad advisor) or an advisor who has
the same preferences as the decision maker (good advisor). I explain why it is not
always beneficial for the decision maker to seek advice from two advisors simultaneously
compared to seeking advice from a single advisor. It is shown that a strong
concern for oneâÂÂs reputation not to be perceived as a bad advisor can make the good
advisor sometimes give wrong advice. Also, if each type of advisor considers his
future important, the decision maker is better off having a single advisor. Then I
show that, when dealing with two advisors, it is better for the decision maker to
seek advice simultaneously since the possibility of obtaining information is lower in
sequential cheap talk. I also examine how an individualâÂÂs perception of what he
thinks of himself (self-reputation) and what others think of him regarding his ability
to resist temptation (perception of reputation) affect his actions. It is shown that
higher self-reputation and higher perception of reputation help in making resolutions
and keeping up with them both in the short and the long run. However, this result
requires that individuals find it relatively easy to resist temptation. Also, even those
who find it hard to resist temptation can sustain their resolution after telling friends
about the resolution in the short run if they value the future more than the present.
3
Hoffmann, Kerstin. "Handling Reputation Crises : How three organisations managed to restore their undeservedly damaged reputations." Thesis, Umeå University, Umeå School of Business, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-1843.
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Davies, Elwyn. "Incentives, reputation and learning." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:e5a17fea-f0ac-43dc-977b-acda2e40c8e6.
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Many economic interactions are characterized by imperfect information and imperfect enforcement. This thesis analyzes the use and the effectiveness of incentives, reputation and learning and how economic agents use them to mitigate the problems caused by both. Chapter 1 presents experimental evidence on the use of price incentives and reputational incentives from gift-exchange game lab experiments in Ghana and the United Kingdom. While in the United Kingdom, like in other experiments, participants assigned the role of employers reward high effort by increasing wages and punish low effort by decreasing wages, it appears that Ghanaian participants refrain from doing so. This results in lower average effort in Ghana compared to the United Kingdom. Introducing competition for workers or a reputation mechanism does not improve effort. Chapter 2 further examines low worker productivity in Ghana by empirically testing two other incentive mechanisms: the employer giving feedback and the worker making a pledge in advance. While these incentives on average do not affect effort, they do increase conditional reciprocity of the worker's behalf. Workers receiving a high wage are more likely to exert high effort when feedback and promises are possible. Chapter 3 presents a partial-equilibrium model showing how business networks can lead to higher quality firms overall. The presence of such networks leads to a filtering effect, which means that fewer low-quality firms produce, but also to a lock-out effect, implying that networks redistribute demand to their own members and make production outside the network less viable. Chapter 4 presents a model and experimental evidence on learning and strategic experimentation in the context of a repeated ultimatum game. The model predicts that Proposers make low offers in early periods, hoping that learning will benefit them in later periods. However, when Responders also have strategic considerations, the Responders will strategically reject low offers, which will optimally lead to higher offers. A series of online experiments finds evidence that Responders reject low offers, but cannot disentangle this from distributional preferences and reciprocity concerns.
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Ismail, Roslan. "Security of reputation systems." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2004. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/15964/1/Roslan_Ismail_Thesis.pdf.
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Reputation systems have the potential of improving the quality of on-line markets by
identifying fraudulent users and subsequently dealing with these users can be prevented.
The behaviour of participants involved in e-commerce can be recorded and then this information made available to potential transaction partners to make decisions
to choose a suitable counterpart. Unfortunately current reputation systems suffer from various vulnerabilities. Solutions for many of these problems will be discussed.
One of the major threats is that of unfair feedback. A large number of negative or
positive feedbacks could be submitted to a particular user with the aim to either downgrade
or upgrade the user's reputation. As a result the produced reputation does not reflect the user's true trustworthiness. To overcome this threat a variation of Bayesian Reputation system is proposed. The proposed scheme is based on the subjective logic framework proposed Josang et al. [65]. The impact of unfair feedback is countered through some systematic approaches proposed in the scheme.
Lack of anonymity for participants leads to reluctance to provide negative feedback.
A novel solution for anonymity of feedback providers is proposed to allow participants
to provide negative feedback when appropriate without fear of retaliation. The solution is based on several primitive cryptographic mechanisms; e-cash, designated verifier proof and knowledge proof.
In some settings it is desirable for the reputation owner to control the distribution
of its own reputation and to disclose this at its discretion to the intended parties. To
realize this, a solution based on a certificate mechanism is proposed. This solution allows the reputation owner to keep the certificate and to distribute its reputation while not being able to alter that information without detection. The proposed solutions cater for two modes of reputation systems: centralised and decentralised.
The provision of an off-line reputation system is discussed by proposing a new solution
using certificates. This is achieved through the delegation concept and a variant of digital signature schemes known as proxy signatures.
The thesis presents a security architecture of reputation systems which consists of different elements to safeguard reputation systems from malicious activities. Elements incorporated into this architecture include privacy, verifiability and availability. The architecture also introduces Bayesian approach to counter security threat posed by reputation systems. This means the proposed security architecture in the thesis is a combination of two prominent approaches, namely, Bayesian and cryptographic, to provide security for reputation systems. The proposed security architecture can be used as a basic framework for further development in identifying and incorporating required elements so that a total security solution for reputation systems can be achieved.
6
Ismail, Roslan. "Security of reputation systems." Queensland University of Technology, 2004. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/15964/.
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Reputation systems have the potential of improving the quality of on-line markets by identifying fraudulent users and subsequently dealing with these users can be prevented. The behaviour of participants involved in e-commerce can be recorded and then this information made available to potential transaction partners to make decisions to choose a suitable counterpart. Unfortunately current reputation systems suffer from various vulnerabilities. Solutions for many of these problems will be discussed. One of the major threats is that of unfair feedback. A large number of negative or positive feedbacks could be submitted to a particular user with the aim to either downgrade or upgrade the user's reputation. As a result the produced reputation does not reflect the user's true trustworthiness. To overcome this threat a variation of Bayesian Reputation system is proposed. The proposed scheme is based on the subjective logic framework proposed Josang et al. [65]. The impact of unfair feedback is countered through some systematic approaches proposed in the scheme. Lack of anonymity for participants leads to reluctance to provide negative feedback. A novel solution for anonymity of feedback providers is proposed to allow participants to provide negative feedback when appropriate without fear of retaliation. The solution is based on several primitive cryptographic mechanisms; e-cash, designated verifier proof and knowledge proof. In some settings it is desirable for the reputation owner to control the distribution of its own reputation and to disclose this at its discretion to the intended parties. To realize this, a solution based on a certificate mechanism is proposed. This solution allows the reputation owner to keep the certificate and to distribute its reputation while not being able to alter that information without detection. The proposed solutions cater for two modes of reputation systems: centralised and decentralised. The provision of an off-line reputation system is discussed by proposing a new solution using certificates. This is achieved through the delegation concept and a variant of digital signature schemes known as proxy signatures. The thesis presents a security architecture of reputation systems which consists of different elements to safeguard reputation systems from malicious activities. Elements incorporated into this architecture include privacy, verifiability and availability. The architecture also introduces Bayesian approach to counter security threat posed by reputation systems. This means the proposed security architecture in the thesis is a combination of two prominent approaches, namely, Bayesian and cryptographic, to provide security for reputation systems. The proposed security architecture can be used as a basic framework for further development in identifying and incorporating required elements so that a total security solution for reputation systems can be achieved.
7
Barrigar, Jennifer. "Time To Care About Reputation: Re-viewing the Resonances and Regulation of Reputation." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/24051.
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This dissertation examines reputation as a regulating force in online and offline relationships and transactions, arguing that reputation requires protection through the promulgation of new laws.
Using John Locke’s “under-labourer” approach as its central method, this dissertation ultimately sets out a series of conclusions, which form a preliminary framework upon which appropriate reputation regulation might be built.
Part I of this dissertation studies offers an interdisciplinary study of reputation. Chapter 1 examines the ways that reputation is created and maintained, the purposes for which it is used, and its role in risk management and trust. These understandings are then applied to reputation in process. Chapter 2 explores formal reputation systems and the ways in which user investments and desires become written into reputation such that multiple levels of “dominant” norms may be simultaneously operant. Chapter 3 shows this normative force also operating on social network sites, shaping identity performances. Finally, having established these intersections and the regulating power of norms upon reputation, the effect of such performances is examined in chapter 4, which identifies reputation’s gatekeeper role in offline and online spaces and the risks this can create when information is accessed or employed without an understanding of the norms which have shaped that information. Thus reputation is shown as a socially negotiated and co-created process which exerts an unseen hegemonic force, with dominant political, economic and ideological interests embedded in seemingly social norms. These norms are enforced via reputation, which takes on a gatekeeper role, regulating access to a variety of spaces, information, and economic opportunities.
Part II begins with an examination of the current forms of legal and quasi-legal regulation of reputation that exist, ultimately finding that none of them is fully applicable to the complexity of reputation. Having established this complexity and shown that current approaches are inadequate, chapter 6 moves on to examine and then reject the neoliberal approach currently applied to these issues, finding its focus on individual responsibility to be inadequate and inappropriate, calling instead for a mode of regulation that understands reputation within its social context.
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Christelis, Desiree. "Country reputation management : identifying the drivers of South Africa’s reputation in German media." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2384.
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Thesis (MPhil (Journalism))--University of Stellenbosch, 2006.<br>Although reputation management has historically been restricted to companies or
other organisational entities, countries are also increasingly concerned with their
reputation relative to other countries and have started to actively measure and
manage that reputation1.
Over the past years, the Republic of South Africa has begun to professionally
streamline its own reputation management activities, specifically by establishing the
International Marketing Committee (IMC) in August 2000. South African Tourism, the
media division of the South African diplomatic sector and even South African Airways
are other reputation management vehicles that have been working toward emanating
a comprehensive marketing and communication message from South Africa to other
countries.
The basis of good reputation management is to first measure such reputation2. It is
also important to know what aspects are the main drivers of such reputation. Using
the content of specific German newspapers as data body, this study determines the
drivers of South Africa’s media reputation in Germany.
In order to accurately set the scene for an analysis of South Africa’s reputation, a
thorough situation analysis on the country is conducted. This situation analysis forms
the backbone for the methodology used further on to investigate the drivers of South
Africa’s reputation in specific German media.
To this end, a large part of the situation analysis looks at South Africa in terms of
Germany and a study is conducted on the relationship between Germany and South
Africa as well as the potential stakeholders of South Africa’s media reputation in
Germany. It is also important to know what current efforts in terms of reputation
management are. After studying the history of South Africa’s reputation management activities,
members of today’s reputation management vehicles are interviewed and an
overview of South African reputation management efforts currently active in Germany
is provided. The reputation management activities of other countries are briefly
explored and specifically the lessons from other countries’ efforts are highlighted.
Subsequently, the reputational dimensions that positively or negatively drive South
Africa’s reputation in specific German media are determined. To this end, a content
analysis is conducted on the seven German national daily newspapers, Börsen-
Zeitung, Die Welt, Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, Frankfurter Rundschau, Financial
Times Deutschland, Handelsblatt and Süddeutsche Zeitung3 over a period of 20
months. The findings made culminate in suggestions for South Africa’s future
reputation management activities in Germany.
9
Nathan, Elijah. "Reputational orientations and aggression : extending reputation enhancement theory to upper primary school aged bullies." University of Western Australia. Graduate School of Education, 2009. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2010.0015.
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The research reported in this thesis investigated the reputational orientations and aggressive behaviour of primary school aged bullies. It also sought to determine whether the reputational orientations of bullies who were loners differed to those who had established friendship networks. To achieve the research aims four separate yet inter-related studies were conducted. Study One explored the construct of reputation and its relevance to the bullying behaviours of 23 male and 23 female Grade 5 (10 year old) children from eight separate primary schools. All of these children had been suspended from school because of their bullying. Semi structured interviews revealed that reputation was an important construct to bullies, primarily because of the feelings of strength, power, and social status attributed to them by others as a result of their bullying. They also reported that the type of image and status they attained from bullying others was what they were actively seeking. To achieve their desired image different types of overt and covert bullying acts were perpetrated. The bullies also revealed that they carefully selected the physical locations where they bullied others so as to maximize the visibility of their actions to others. The school oval, playground and toilets were the most popular locations, but the use of new media such as mobile phones and the internet allowed them to bully others without the presence of an audience. The bullies also reported that their victims communicated what had happened to them to others, which disseminated their actions to a wider audience. It was clearly evident from Study One that the construct of reputation was important to bullies and was worthy of further investigation.
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Björk, Josephine, and Sahar Hallal. "Anseende - Hot or Not? : En explorativ studie i hur stora svenska företag ser på begreppet anseende." Thesis, Södertörn University College, School of Business Studies, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-3629.
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<p>There are many views in the concept of corporate reputation and the massive research in the area tends to result in many new definitions. Research has shown that a good corporate reputation has a positive relation to Sustainable Competitive Advantage, financial performance and attraction to competent employees. The many views in the concept make it especially interesting to examine the view on corporate reputation in a perspective of big Swedish corporations. Another interesting area to examine is whether the companies manage their reputation or not. The empirical findings of this essay are based on qualitative interviews to get a deeper understanding in the area of reputation. In the analysis the empirical findings were linked to the theoretical framework chosen for the study and earlier research in the area. Through this study it has been shown that companies are defining reputation as a part of the brand. They also explain reputation as the stakeholders aggregated view of a company. The companies manage their reputation, but as an integrated component in the work of brand and communication. The companies had difficulties in separating the concept of reputation andthe concept of brand.</p>
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Van, Gellecum Yolanda. "The determinants of organisational reputation /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2003. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe17240.pdf.
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Zhang, Bo. "Architectures for online reputation systems." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/27612.
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E-commerce provides a platform where complete strangers from all over the world have the chance to transact with each other. Reputation is a key factor in the success of such transactions, therefore reputation systems are in widespread use to help participants build their online reputation. This thesis analyzes current reputation systems and studies how to design architectures for online reputation systems. Based on the shortcomings found in current reputation systems, this thesis proposes and implements a reputation architecture called ORAS (online reputation aggregation system) Plus which provides a portable reputation mechanism for Web users. With ORAS Plus, users can search others' global reputation and obtain their own reputation cards which can be displayed at any website. ORAS Plus can help users know someone's online behaviors all over the Internet. More importantly, it allows users to take their existing reputation from one website to other websites where they are unknown to others.
13
Emens, Elizabeth Francis. "William Beckford : sexuality and reputation." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.423938.
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Sun, Cheng. "Reputation games and political economy." Thesis, Princeton University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3714502.
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<p> This dissertation studies the applications of reputation games in social media and finance as well as decision games in political economy. Chapter 1 develops a reputation game in which a biased but informed expert makes a statement to attract audiences. The biased expert has an ideological incentive to distort his information as well as having a reputation concern. The expert knows that his expertise may vary in different topics, while the audiences cannot identify such differences. The biased expert is more likely to announce his favorite message when he knows less about it. Moreover, the biased expert is less willing to lie when the audiences have better outside options, and such improvements in outside options may benefit both the expert and the audiences. </p><p> Chapter 2 studies a credit rating game with a credit rating agency(CRA), an issuer and an investor. The privately informed and biased CRA provides a rating on the issuer's project, and the investor decides to purchase the project or not according to the report. As long as the CRA obtains a contract, he will inflate the rating. When the default risk is high, the CRA tells the truth. Moreover, he is more likely to tell the truth when the issuer's private benefit is larger. When the default risk is low, the CRA sends a good rating. He is more likely to inflate the rating if the issuer has a higher private benefit. </p><p> Chapter 3 presents a model in secessions and nationalism, with a special emphasis on the role of civil war. In our model, a disagreement on secession between the central government and the minority group leads to disastrous military conflicts. As a result, the tremendous potential cost of the war distorts the political choice of the minority group, and helps the central government to exploit them both economically and politically. Several key ingredients, such as population, per capita income and perceived winning chance of the civil war, play an essential role in the decision making process of the minority group. I also conduct an empirical test of this model, which supports the major findings stated above.</p>
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Derbyshire, Daniel William. "Essays on reputation and information." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2018. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/8338/.
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The following thesis presents the results and analysis of three distinct experiments. The first features an experimental auction market designed to resemble eBay and other such peer-to-peer markets, including the presence of a reputation mechanism. The results presented suggest that the presence of a reputation mechanism will improve consumer welfare. Further, having a greater number of possible feedback ratings available leads to even further improvements in consumer welfare. The second features a repeated auction that also involves Bayesian uncertainty, about the 'type' of the seller. In addition, we present the predictions of a theoretical model that extends the existing sequential equilibrium literature into multi-player, market-based games. We find that reputational concerns remain an important consideration in such settings. The final experiment examines the role of within group heterogeneity (in the endowment and marginal return) in public goods games. The novel experimental designed allows for a full schema of relationships between the endowment and marginal return. The results presented suggest that there are significant behavioural differences depending on the relationship between the endowment and marginal return. When they are inverse, subject’s absolute contributions are not different. When the two are proportionally related, relative contributions are not different.
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Sun, Jian S. M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Reputation with stopping time decision." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/129088.
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Thesis: S.M. in Management Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, September, 2020<br>Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 27-28).<br>This paper studies a long run relationship between two players while one player has reputation concern and the other player's decision is a stopping time. The equilibrium structure depends on the value of the long run relationship: when the value of the relationship is low, a simple threshold equilibrium is the unique equilibrium; when the value becomes higher, a probationary period endogenously arises when reputation is in an intermediate region. Reputation concern also has discipline effect, moral hazard problem is mitigated when player's reputation becomes worse, and the discipline effect is dominating when reputation is sufficiently bad.<br>by Jian Sun.<br>S.M. in Management Research<br>S.M.inManagementResearch Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management
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Servatka, Maros. "Experiments on Fairness and Reputation." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/194705.
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This dissertation consists of three essays in experimental economics. The essays investigate different aspects of reputation in fairness games in a controlled laboratory environment. It has been established in the literature of economics, sociology, and psychology that social norms together with other-regarding preferences often govern subjects' decisions in addition to strategic considerations. The dissertation examines the incentives connected with the existence of social norms that could cause deviations from standard economic model predictions. I use experiments so that I can tightly control the environment and provide rigorous tests of existing theories, stylized facts, and anecdotal evidence on the importance of reputation in economic interactions. The first essay presents findings that reputation triggers indirectly reciprocal behavior of subjects. However, reputation might only be signaling what is considered as socially appropriate behavior. This hypothesis and the results of the first essay led me to develop a set of experiments in the second essay to contrast pure reputation effects with the social influence of reputation. The third part of the dissertation, co-authored with Ninghua Du, examines reputation and efficiency wages in a labor market setting by analyzing the effects of negative technological shocks on long run relationships between firms and workers.
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Spence, Robert John. "The reputation of Anthony Burgess." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2002. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.667874.
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Lorecchio, Caio Paes Leme. "Bad reputation with rating systems." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/18310.
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Previous issue date: 2017-05-11<br>Este trabalho analisa um modelo de má reputação com sistemas de rating como uma forma particular de memória limitada. Em cada período, um cliente preocupado apenas com ganhos correntes escolhe se contrata ou não um especialista. O cliente compreende as regras de transição do sistema, mas observa apenas a realização de um rating (uma nota) que carrega informação sobre o provável tipo de especialista para tomar a decisão de contrato. Um especialista do tipo estratégico escolhe prover ou não o tratamento correto quando contratado e um especialista do tipo ruim sempre oferece o tratamento mais caro, independentemente do problema observado. Quando clientes observam todo o histórico de interacões, um especialista estratégico ou tem fortes incentivos para oferecer o tratamento barato (quando o tratamento correto seria o mais caro) ou eventualmente a crença no mercado de que ele é do tipo ruim é suficientemente grande para que deixe de ser contratado. Quando clientes possuem apenas o sistema de rating como fonte de informação, este trabalho demonstra que não apenas é possível evitar esse efeito negativo, como também é possível aumentar os ganhos de equilíbrio em comparação à ausência de qualquer sistema informacional. Ademais, este trabalho desenha os sistemas ótimos do ponto de vista tanto do cliente quando do especialista para todas as crenças iniciais, discutindo como eles diferem em um sistema de dois estados e quando há ganhos de eficiência.<br>We study a bad reputation model with rating system as a special form of limited memory. At each period, a myopic customer knowing the rules of the system but observing only a current public realization of a finite set of states uses this information to infer expert's type and take hiring decisions. A strategic expert chooses whether or not to provide correct treatment whenever hired and a bad (committed) expert always proposes an expensive treatment. With full memory, a patient expert cannot refrain from gaining reputation of being bad or lying to separate herself from a bad type. With rating systems, we show that it is possible not only to overcome bad reputation effect, but generate higher equilibrium outcomes relative to trivial information censoring (no memory at all). We characterize optimal systems from customer and strategic expert's point of view in a two-state setting for all prior beliefs and show how they differ and when a rating system can bring efficiency to experts' markets.
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Basu, Anirban. "A reputation framework for behavioural history : developing and sharing reputations from behavioural history of network clients." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2010. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/2458/.
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The open architecture of the Internet has enabled its massive growth and success by facilitating easy connectivity between hosts. At the same time, the Internet has also opened itself up to abuse, e.g. arising out of unsolicited communication, both intentional and unintentional. It remains an open question as to how best servers should protect themselves from malicious clients whilst offering good service to innocent clients. There has been research on behavioural profiling and reputation of clients, mostly at the network level and also for email as an application, to detect malicious clients. However, this area continues to pose open research challenges. This thesis is motivated by the need for a generalised framework capable of aiding efficient detection of malicious clients while being able to reward clients with behaviour profiles conforming to the acceptable use and other relevant policies. The main contribution of this thesis is a novel, generalised, context-aware, policy independent, privacy preserving framework for developing and sharing client reputation based on behavioural history. The framework, augmenting existing protocols, allows fitting in of policies at various stages, thus keeping itself open and flexible to implementation. Locally recorded behavioural history of clients with known identities are translated to client reputations, which are then shared globally. The reputations enable privacy for clients by not exposing the details of their behaviour during interactions with the servers. The local and globally shared reputations facilitate servers in selecting service levels, including restricting access to malicious clients. We present results and analyses of simulations, with synthetic data and some proposed example policies, of client-server interactions and of attacks on our model. Suggestions presented for possible future extensions are drawn from our experiences with simulation.
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Akcijonaitis, Gintaras. "Reputaciją įtakojantys veiksniai verslo sektoriuje." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2011. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2006~D_20110709_151346-30949.
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Šio darbo tikslas yra nustatyti veiksnius, kurie įtakoją organizacijos reputaciją. Siekiant darbo tikslų atskleidimo iš pradžių buvos analizuojamos diferencijuotos ir analoginės mokyklų autorių mintys, ko pasėkoje buvo prieita prie teoretikų kaip Balmer, Bromley, Fombrun (diferencijuotos mokyklos atstovai), reputacijos koncepcijos, kuri pažymi, kad organizacijos reputacija yra įmonės ankstesnių veiksmų ir pasekmių atspindys, kuris parodo organizacijos gebėjimą paskirstyti rezultatą publikai. Ji laiko atžvilgiu yra ilgalaikiškesnė nei įvaizdis. Tuo tarpu įvaizdis gali būti greitai keičiamas ir melagingas, be to reputacija yra siejama publikos patirtimi su organizacija. Darbe taip pat atlikta organizacijos įvaizdžio ir identiteto koncepcijų analizė bei palyginimas su organizacijos reputacija, kadangi šios sąvokos yra glaudžiai susijusios ir dažnai painiojamos tarpusavyje. Organizacijos įvaizdis tai vidinės ir išorinės organizacijos publikos nuomonių bei pažiūrų visuma, o įmonės identitetas yra organizacijos savęs pristatymas, priklausantis nuo charakteristikų, kurios organizaciją pateikia savo elgesio pavyzdžiu, simbolių ir ryšių pagalba. Esminis skirtumas tarp šių koncepcijų yra tas, kad organizacijos identitetas tai būdas, kuriuo organizacijos nariai vertina savo organizaciją, įvaizdis tai būdas, kuriuo organizacija prisistato visuomenei ir reputacija tai būdas kuriuo visuomenė vertina organizaciją. Remiantis „Financial times“ bei „Fortune“, išskirti šeši pagrindiniai... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]<br>The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the factors that have an influence over the reputation of organization. In order to achieve the goals of the paper the analysis of the authors’ thoughts from differential and analog schools has been made. The outcome of Balmer, Bromley, Fombrun (the representatives of differential school) is the concepts of reputation that signify that the reputation of organization is the result of past actions and that shows the capability of organization to allocate the result to the public. Reputation is more sustained than the image in terms of time. In addition image can be changed quickly and can be untrue; reputation on the other hand is more associated with the experience of organization. The analysis of organizational image and identity concepts has been made and a comparison with organizational reputation has been done. This has been done because these two concepts are associated and sometimes understood as synonyms. The image of organization is the summation of the inner and external public opinions; the identity is the presentation of organization, dependable on the characteristics that represent the organization by using symbols, examples and communications. The main difference between these concepts is that the identity of organization is a mean by which the members of organization value the organizations; the image is a mean by which organization presents itself to the society; reputation is a mean by which the society values the... [to full text]
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Sabater, Mir Jordi. "Trust and reputation for agent societies." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/3035.
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Kisro-Warnecke, Diana. "Die Reputation deutscher Unternehmen in China /." Göttingen : Cuvillier-Verl, 2009. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=017557278&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Müller, Jens. "Diversifikation und Reputation : Transferprozesse und Wettbewerbswirkungen /." Wiesbaden : Wiesbaden : Dt. Univ.-Verl. ; Gabler, 1996. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=007279018&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Zhou, Xin. "Robust Reputation System for Web Services." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/217204.
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Li, Hui. "A configurable online reputation aggregation system." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/27998.
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Online reputation systems are currently receiving increased attention while online interactions are flourishing. However, they lack one important feature: globality. Users are allowed to build a reputation within one online community, and sometimes several reputations within several independent online communities, but each reputation is only valid within the corresponding community. Moreover, such reputation is usually aggregated by the provider of the online reputation system, giving the querying agent no say in the process. This thesis presents a novel solution to this problem. We conduct a literature review on existing trust and reputation models and classify these models using proper criteria. We introduce an online reputation system that collects reputation information about a ratee from several online communities and allows for this information to be aggregated according to the inquiring agent's own requirements. We propose a configurable aggregation method for local and global reputation based on a discrete statistical model, taking into account several factors and parameters that qualify the reputation. We also implement a prototype of the proposed reputation computation model.
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Rapp, Michael. "Reputation in Internetauktionsmärkten : Formen und Ordnungsfunktionen /." Tönning [u. a.] : Der Andere Verl, 2007. http://www.gbv.de/dms/zbw/552422290.pdf.
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Giraudo, John P. "Book review: The reputation risk handbook." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-176497.
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John P. Giraudo is a Henry Crown Fellow of the Aspen Institute. He has been the chief compliance officer of several global companies, including The AES Corporation and Tessera Technologies, Inc. He is a Compliance Thought Leader for the University of Miami Law School’s program LawWithoutWalls.
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Zacharia, Giorgos 1974. "Collaborative reputation mechanisms for online communities." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/9379.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 1999.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 79-80).<br>The members of electronic communities are often unrelated to each other, they may have never met and have no information on each other's reputation. This kind of information is vital in Electronic Commerce interactions, where the potential counterpart's reputation can be a significant factor in the negotiation strategy. I will investigate two complementary reputation mechanisms that rely on collaborative rating and personalized evaluation of the various ratings assigned to each user. While these reputation mechanisms are developed in the context of electronic commerce, I believe that they may have applicability in other types of electronic communities such as chatrooms, newsgroups, mailing lists etc.<br>by Giorgos Zacharia.<br>S.M.
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Horn, Julia Kay. "Managing Hulme : survival, adaptation and reputation." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.504511.
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This thesis deals with the development of an area of central Manchester, called Hulme. It examines both the development of the reputation and the housing problems as they affected local people. The key note of the thesis is the way that people learned to adapt, cope and (eventually) change their environment, either as individuals or in groups. I examine the types of adaptation, resistance and political development that occurred when large groups of people lived together on a council estate under very difficult circumstances. I examine both the positive and negative effects of these adaptations, as well as the way that the city councils housing system colluded with the media to create a mystified impression of an area as "wild" or dangerous. Using both words and photographs from the "inside", I hope to show that Hulme was actually both ordinary and orderly. The day-to-day interactions were intelligent ways of coping with an impossible set of problems: reputation, poverty, bad housing, unemployment and chaotic housing management. I show that areas like Hulme are allocated a role within society as the "deviants" and as such are used as examples and scapegoats for the tenants of other areas. Looking at some of the positive adaptations, I hope to show that the people of the the, "inner city" could help to create a worth while dynamic of social organisation.
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Wittenberg, Stefan, and Thomas Hess. "Reputation als Steuerungsinstrument in netzwerkinternen Märkten." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-204901.
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In der wirtschaftswissenschaftlichen Literatur, vor allem in der Literatur zur Spieltheorie, lassen sich zahlreiche Beiträge identifizieren, die sich mit der Bedeutung von Reputation als Instrument zur Reduzierung von Qualitätsunsicherheit bei Transaktionen auf Märkten auseinandersetzen (Celentani/Pesendorfer 1996; Shapiro 1983). Auch für elektronische Märkte und Online-Gemeinschaften wurde die Relevanz von Reputationsmechanismen erkannt und in der Literatur diskutiert (Koch et al. 2000; Standifird 2002). Während die Forschungsarbeiten zur Wirkungsweise von Reputation auf herkömmlichen Märkten bereits zu differenzierten Aussagen geführt haben, existieren derartige Arbeiten bezogen auf interne Märkte bisher nicht. Interne Märkte lassen sich als spezifische Anbieter-Nachfrager-Beziehung innerhalb einer Organisationseinheit beschreiben, im Rahmen derer Leistungen über den Preis als zentralen Koordinationsmechanismus ausgetauscht werden. In hierarchischen Organisationen werden interne Märkte vorwiegend in Profit-Center-Strukturen etabliert. Auch in Unternehmensnetzwerken lassen sich interne Märkte realisieren, wenn die Partnerunternehmen eine interne Konkurrenz im Netzwerk zulassen. In diesem Fall wird bei Vorliegen einer Kundenanfrage eine netzwerkinterne Ausschreibung angestoßen, bei der verschiedene Partnerunternehmen mit auftragsspezifischer Kompetenz um die Vergabe von Teilleistungen konkurrieren. Das zentrale Entscheidungskriterium für die Vergabe der Teilleistungen ist in der Regel der von den Partnerunternehmen abgegebene Angebotspreis. Neben dem Preis ist bei der Entscheidung aber auch die Reputation eines Partnerunternehmens von Bedeutung. Eine gute Reputation kann eine ex-ante bestehende Qualitätsunsicherheit über die Leistungsqualität eines Partnerunternehmens reduzieren und somit die Entscheidung über die Auftragsvergabe beeinflussen. Ein Reputationsmechanismus kann auf diese Weise die Auswahl geeigneter Partnerunternehmen erleichtern. Es lässt sich weiterhin zeigen, dass ein funktionierender Reputationsmechanismus zusätzlich zur Lieferung guter Qualität im Netzwerk diszipliniert. Das Ziel dieses Beitrags ist es, die skizzierten Mechanismen in netzwerkinternen Märkten darzustellen und deren ökonomischen Implikationen herauszuarbeiten.
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Mell, Andrew. "Essays on the economics of reputation." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:22678da2-cb70-43a8-84ff-96ac95d47988.
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This thesis is comprised of three essays. These essays model facets of illicit markets using economic theories of reputation and go on to develop new theories of reputation. In chapter 1, we start by defining illicit markets. We build a model of trade in an illicit market where honesty is enforced through reputation. We then show how criminals' heterogeneity in their ability to avoid detection can have interesting consequences. In particular, such heterogeneity can explain why illicit market participants might sometimes adopt surprisingly blatant trading strategies. Heterogeneity among criminals in terms of how they are affected by enforcement can give rise to counter-intuitive market reactions to changes in the level of enforcement. Chapter 2 considers the market for stolen payment data such as credit card numbers. The central observation is that stealing financial data and using it for personal gain are two very different skills. An online market exists through which those who steal data can sell it to those who can ``cash in''. The low prices in these markets are not evidence of a failure of the reputational system, but of large outside options on one side of the market. Finally chapter 3 considers reputation more generally. We find folk theorem and incomplete information models place too much faith in the knowledge and rationality of short-lived players. We propose instead a new model with more realistic assumptions about the information available to short-lived players and their ability to use it. This model generates natural cycles in the reputation of the rational long-lived player.
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Reddiar, Chantel Amanda. "Building corporate reputation : a director’s perspective." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/25673.
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Corporate reputation has evolved into a strategic and intangible corporate asset and accordingly directors, as custodians of corporate reputation, are tasked with building and managing corporate reputation as a source of competitive advantage. The purpose of this research is to ascertain the extent of the operationalisation of corporate reputation and the perspectives of directors as to the manner in which they perceive, value, build and manage corporate reputation. A critical review of the corporate reputation literature evidenced much ambiguity as to the definition of corporate reputation, whilst the value and competitive advantage of corporate reputation, has been empirically established. The literature within this realm fails to adequately address the operalisation of this construct and accordingly, this study attempts to address the apparent void in the academic literature by offering empirical evidence as to the manner in which directors build and manage a company’s reputation by proposing a framework to guide directors in their endeavours. In order to gauge director’s perspectives, 12 semi-structured, in-depth interviews were conducted with the directors of a multi-national company based in South Africa. The company operates in a highly regulated and competitive industry and the research findings demonstrate that corporate reputation is indeed acknowledged as a key, intangible asset. Whilst the directors did not possess clear insight into building and managing corporate reputation, several key themes emerged and the findings are consolidated into a proposed framework and a portfolio of the dimensions of corporate reputation are established. This study lays the foundation for further studies within the realm of operationalising corporate reputation, particularly as a source of competitive advantage. Copyright<br>Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2010.<br>Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)<br>unrestricted
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Zhang, Xiaoqun. "Measurements of Media Reputation of Firms." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1401371482.
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Pan, Qing. "Measuring multinational corporations' reputation in China." HKBU Institutional Repository, 1998. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/146.
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Seemann, Ralph. "Corporate Reputation Management durch corporate communications /." Göttingen : Cuvillier, 2008. http://d-nb.info/990426491/04.
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Liu, Qingmin. "Reputation and formulation of incomplete information /." May be available electronically:, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/login?COPT=REJTPTU1MTUmSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=12498.
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Kisro-Warnecke, Diana L. M. "Die Reputation deutscher Unternehmen in China." Göttingen Cuvillier, 2009. http://d-nb.info/993743439/04.
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Bhattacharjee, Rajat. "Incentives and algorithms for reputation systems /." May be available electronically:, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/login?COPT=REJTPTU1MTUmSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=12498.
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Stahn, Kerstin. "Reputation und Kooperation in einer Währungsunion /." Frankfurt am Main : Peter Lang, 2000. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb38945906m.
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AGATE, Vincenzo. "REPUTATION MANAGEMENT ALGORITHMS IN DISTRIBUTED APPLICATIONS." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10447/395198.
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Nowadays, several distributed systems and applications rely on interactions between unknown agents that cooperate in order to exchange resources and services.
The distributed nature of these systems, and the consequent lack of a single centralized point of control, let agents to adopt selfish and malicious behaviors in order to maximize their own utility. To address such issue, many applications rely on Reputation Management Systems (RMSs) to estimate the future behavior of unknown agents before establishing actual interactions.
The relevance of these systems is even greater if the malicious or selfish behavior exhibited by a few agents may reduce the utility perceived by cooperative agents, leading to a damage to the whole community.
RMSs allow to estimate the expected outcome of a given interaction, thus providing relevant information that can be exploited to take decisions about the convenience of interacting with a certain agent. Agents and their behavior are constantly evolving and becoming even more complex, so it is increasingly difficult to successfully develop the RMS, able to resist the threats presented.
A possible solution to this problem is the use of agent-based simulation software designed to support researchers in evaluating distributed reputation management systems since the design phase.
This dissertation presents the design and the development of a distributed simulation platform based on HPC technologies called DRESS. This solution allows researchers to assess the performance of a generic reputation management system and provides a comprehensive assessment of its ability to withstand security attacks. In the scientific literature, a tool that allows the comparison of distinct RMS and different design choices through a set of defined metrics, also supporting large-scale simulations, is still missing.
The effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated by the application scenario of user energy sharing systems within smart-grids and by considering user preferences differently from other work.
The platform has proved to be useful for the development of an energy sharing system among users, which with the aim of maximizing the amount of energy transferred has exploited the reputation of users once learned their preferences.
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Lamprou, Sofoklis Per, and Carolina Jönsson. "Business relations and reputation : A study on the impact of negative reputation in a buyer-supplier relationship." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för marknadsföring (MF), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-27246.
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Research gap: Reputation is seen as an important asset for companies and can create competitive advantages. Within business-to-business the reputation of the company is argued to affect the relationship between buyers and suppliers and although the area is stressed to be important, it is still under-researched. Previous literature is not aligning when it comes to the importance of reputation and the duration of the relationship and it also states trust to have impact on important parts of the relationship, such as affective commitment and the willingness to invest. Purpose: The purpose of the thesis was to measure to what extent the duration of a buyer-supplier relationship affects trust, and to what extent trust affects the affective commitment and willingness to invest, when the reputation of the supplier was negative as the outcome of adverse publicity. Hypothesis: H1a; H1b: The duration of buyer-supplier relationship has a positive impact on Trust (integrity or benevolence) if the reputation of the supplier is negative H2a; H2b: Trust (integrity or benevolence) has a positive impact on affective Commitment, if the reputation of the supplier is negative H3a; H3b: Trust (integrity or benevolence) has a positive impact on willingness to invest if the reputation of the supplier is negative Method: The study had a quantitative approach and collected the data by a questionnaire sent to manufacturing business-to-business companies by email. 462 companies were contacted which resulted in 72 usable answers. Conclusion:The buyer-supplier relationship was not to a significantly extent affected by negative reputation and the duration of the relationship was not differing to a substantially extent. The different trust increased the buyers’ affective commitment and willingness to invest which demonstrates the importance of trust in the relationship due to negative reputation.
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Bodeklint, Kim, William Unosson, and Angelica Lindhe. "Crisis Management & Brand Reputation : An exploratory study on crisis management and its effects on brand reputation." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Företagsekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-35629.
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Tracey, Noel Patrick. "Corporate reputation and financial performance : underlying dimensions of corporate reputation and their relation to sustained financial performance." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2014. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/67787/1/Noel_Tracey_Thesis.pdf.
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This thesis examined the relationship between firms' corporate reputation and their future financial performance. Corporate reputation was represented by measuring the level of senior executives' attention to a number of intangible firm' resources (e.g. financial reputation, service culture) within firms' annual reports over a 17 year period. Initial findings suggested there was only a small relationship between reputation and future performance which lead to a reformulation of the problem. Reputation was posited to be a source of corporate resilience that helped firms with stronger reputations to sustain superior financial performance in times of difficulty, as well as allowing them to rebound more quickly from performance decline. Results suggest this interpretation of corporate reputation as well as indicating that industry sectors operate in different reputational 'domains' in which the relative importance of financial versus stakeholder aspects of corporate reputation varies.
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Orcinha, Rita Maria Matos. "A associação entre a reputação do líder e a reputação da organização que lidera." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/14674.
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Mestrado em Marketing<br>A reputação pode ser vista como um conjunto das perceções dos stakeholders, que refletem tanto a imagem como a identidade da organização (Davies, Chun, Silva, & Roper, 2001). A presença do líder como referência principal nas organizações e a possibilidade da sua reputação estar associada à reputação da organização que lidera tem sido objeto de estudo, nem sempre conclusivos. Esta dissertação pretende compreender se existe uma associação entre a reputação do líder e a reputação da empresa que o mesmo lidera. Estuda-se essa associação no contexto empresarial de três organizações - Facebook, Instagram e WhatsApp, detidas pela mesma pessoa - Mark Zuckerberg. É utilizada a perspetiva de reputação de Davies, Chun, Silva e Roper (2001) e o instrumento de medida é a Escala de Carácter Corporativo. Foi realizado um estudo quantitativo, com uma amostra por conveniência, através de um inquérito por questionário aplicado online com 304 respostas válidas. Os resultados obtidos indicam que existe uma possível relação entre a reputação do líder e a reputação da empresa que lidera, uma vez que, apesar das perceções de reputação não serem idênticas, existe uma correlação positiva entre ambas, no qual se realçam as dimensões de empreendedorismo, sofisticação e concordância.<br>Reputation can be argued as a collective perception, created by the stakeholders, which combines an organisation's image and identity (Davies, Chun, Silva, & Roper, 2001). The leader's presence, as the main reference of an organisation, and the probability that their reputation may influence corporate reputation, has been studied and claimed in some, and sometimes, not conclusive researches. This dissertation aims to understand the relationship between the leader's reputation and corporate reputation. To study the link between both reputations, three companies - Facebook, Instagram and WhatsApp, hold by the same leader - Mark Zuckerberg, were assessed. A quantitative analysis was undertaken using the reputation concept and Corporate Character Scale of Davies, Chun, Silva and Roper (2001), as a measuring instrument. Through an online questionnaire, and a convenience sampling, 304 valid responses were obtained. Although the perception of both reputations were not identical, the results indicate that there is a possible relationship between the leader's reputation and corporate reputation due to the positive correlation between them, focusing on the high correlation levels of the dimensions: enterprise, chic and agreeableness.<br>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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Barbato, Massimo-Maria. "Measuring corporate reputation through online social media." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/12434/.
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What is corporate reputation? How can it be measured? These two questions have been widely discussed by academics, without coming to a shared definition or evaluation methodology.
Each research gave its own corporate reputation definition, but all the studies agree on one point: corporate reputation is the result of the relationship between a company and its stakeholders. On the stakeholder’s opinion rely most of the corporate rep- utation measurement techniques that have been proposed during the past years, techniques that were criticized.
In this work, we have investigated if corporate reputation can be evaluated from social media data
We focused on the Volkswagen scandal and the buzz it created within the Twitter social network. VW’s scandal was chosen because its widely covered evolution through time and its broad effects on VW’s financial performance.
In order to fulfill the research goal, tweets about VW (from 28/8/15 - to 6/6/16) were collected.
This vast dataset was firstly analyzed and not VW’s related elements were re- moved. The remaining part of it was then classified in two main groups: tweets about VW, but not related to the scandal, and the ones that specifically referred to VW’s wrongdoing. Once the two sets were obtained, each of their elements were evaluated with a sentiment analysis software and after the opinion extraction was calculated the daily aggregated sentiment through a custom-built process, defined to adapt to the Twitter domain. This aggregation produced two different daily sentiment score: the general public opinion about VW and the judgement about the scandal.
The work led to excellent results in the not-relevant elements removal phase and the classification one, but the opinion aggregation did not produce significant outcomes. This final results should not be considered as a research drawback, instead they represent a starting point for further analysis on the opinion creation process.
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Folkerts, John B. "A comparison of reputation-based trust systems /." Link to online version, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/441.
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Kitschler, Roland. "Abschlussprüfung, Interessenkonflikt und Reputation : eine ökonomische Analyse /." Wiesbaden : Dt. Univ.-Verl, 2005. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=014663935&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Li, xiaohua. "An Empirical Study of Tradera's Reputation System." Thesis, Umeå University, Department of Informatics, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-23956.
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<p> </p><p>Millions of dollars change hands daily through online auction markets. Online trading communities like eBay and Amazon.com are emerging as increasingly important factors of the economy. Various Reputation systems are important components in such electronic markets. Existing evidence suggests that there are a number of problems with such systems. This paper presents an empirical exploration of reputation systems. Two studies of Tradera’s discussion forums are reported. The result of the first, pilot study suggests that both sellers and buyers are worried about getting a retaliatory negative feedback if they leave a negative feedback for an unsatisfactory transaction from their trading parties. Retaliation from the non-paying bidders seems to be the most severe threat and trouble for sellers. A set of negative feedbacks were then gathered from Tradera and data were manually analyzed in order to verify the results from the preliminary study. The results from the second study confirmed the result of the pilot study. A general evaluation of Tradera’s current reputation system is made based on the results of the second study. This paper aims to make a contribution to the literature on online reputation system by developing a typology of seller complaints about Tradera buyers and providing a tentative definition of retaliatory negative feedback based on the findings of both studies. Proposed solutions to the problems of non-payment and feedback retaliation are also presented.</p><p> </p>
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Chen, Li. "Financial analysts' underreaction and reputation-building incentives." Thesis, University of Auckland, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/19643.
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This thesis examines the role of reputation in financial analysts' underreaction in earnings forecasts. Prior research suggests that the reputation effect mitigates short-term economic incentives that lead to overly optimistic forecasts, and hence, increases forecast accuracy (i.e., an aspect of high quality forecasts). In contrast, I hypothesise that certain factors affecting analyst reputation lead to analysts' underreaction. Specifically, when faced with uncertainty, analysts employ underreaction as a mechanism to improve consistency between their forecast revisions and subsequent news (i.e., another aspect of high quality forecasts), so as to protect themselves from incurring a higher reputation cost of inaccuracy for inconsistent versus consistent consecutive forecast revisions and forecast errors (i.e., asymmetric reputation cost). In my first research question, I examine the asymmetric reputation cost theory that predicts underreaction increasing with uncertainty and asymmetric reputation cost. I contextualise my study in business cycles where both factors change. I predict and find that uncertainty is greater during recessions than expansions whereas asymmetric reputation cost is greater during expansions than recessions (i.e., reputation concerns are greater during expansions). Further, I find that analysts' underreaction is greater during expansions than recessions. The implication is that the asymmetric reputation cost, rather than the uncertainty, drives analysts' underreaction. In my second research question, I investigate the differential underreaction to good news versus bad news in relation to short-term economic incentives and the reputation-building incentives simultaneously. If analysts put more emphasis on short-term gains, they will underreact more to bad news than good news, particularly during recessions where the short-term economic incentives are heightened. On the contrary, if analysts are more concerned with their reputations, they will underreact less (more) to bad news than good news during recessions (expansions), because bad (good) news is more likely to follow in bad (good) times and, accordingly, they can incorporate the current bad (good) news with greater confidence. My findings are consistent with the reputation-building incentive theory, but inconsistent with the short-term incentive theory. Robustness tests and further research considering industry/firm specific information provide consistent results. Overall, the thesis suggests that analysts underreact to information due to their reputation concerns.