Relevant bibliographies by topics / Reproductive success

Academic literature on the topic 'Reproductive success'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 21 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Reproductive success"

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Bollmann, Kurt, and Heinz-Ulrich Reyer. "Reproductive Success of Water Pipits in an Alpine Environment." Condor 103, no. 3 (August 1, 2001): 510–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/condor/103.3.510.

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Abstract To understand the evolution of avian reproductive strategies it is important to assess how differences in reproductive success are related to timing of the breeding season, quality of nesting territories or breeders, or to a combination of these factors. Over three years, we studied the reproductive performance of female Water Pipits (Anthus spinoletta) in a temporally and spatially variable alpine environment. The study area covered two valley slopes that differed in the probability of nest predation, food availability, and climate. Nest predation and harsh weather were the main proximate causes of differences in female reproductive success. Because these two environmental factors were locally unpredictable, individual females could best optimize their seasonal reproductive success by choosing the “right” breeding time. The average number of young fledged per season was inversely related to the date of initial breeding and increased from females with only first attempts, through females with replacement clutches, to females that raised two broods. Hence, the main advantage of early breeding lies in the chance of rearing a second brood after the first has fledged, or of producing a replacement clutch if the first fails due to predation or harsh weather. Éxito Reproductivo de Anthus spinoletta en un Ambiente Alpino Resumen. Para entender la evolución de las estrategias reproductivas de las aves es importante determinar cómo las diferencias en el éxito reproductivo se relacionan con el comienzo de la época reproductiva, la calidad de los territorios de nidificación o los reproductores o con una combinación de estos factores. Durante un período de tres años, estudiamos el desempeño reproductivo de hembras de Anthus spinoletta en un ambiente alpino temporal y espacialmente variable. El sitio de estudio comprendió dos laderas que diferían en la probabilidad de depredación de nidos, disponibilidad de alimento y clima. La depredación de nidos y el clima severo fueron las principales causas proximales de la diferencia del éxito reproductivo de las hembras. Debido a que ambos factores ambientales fueron localmente inpredecibles, cada individuo hembra podía optimizar el éxito de su período reproductivo eligiendo el tiempo “correcto” para reproducirse en la temporada. El número promedio de juveniles por temporada se relacionó inversamente con la fecha del inicio de la reproducción y aumentó desde hembras con sólo un intento de cría, pasando por hembras que reemplazaron sus nidadas, hasta hembras que criaron dos nidadas. Por tanto, la ventaja principal de reproducirse tempranamente en la temporada está dada por la posibilidad de criar una segunda nidada luego de la partida de los primeros juveniles o de producir una nueva nidada si la primera falla debido a depredación o clima severo.
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Bercovitch, Fred B. "Reproductive success." Ethology and Sociobiology 11, no. 2 (March 1990): 141–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0162-3095(90)90034-4.

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Porneluzi, Paul A. "Prior Breeding Success Affects Return Rates of Territorial Male Ovenbirds." Condor 105, no. 1 (February 1, 2003): 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/condor/105.1.73.

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AbstractI examined the hypothesis that male Ovenbirds (Seiurus aurocapillus) make breeding dispersal decisions based on prior breeding experience at a site. I determined the reproductive success of color-banded male Ovenbirds at sites in fragmented and unfragmented landscapes in Missouri from 1992–1995. I documented which individuals returned and I recorded their reproductive success upon return as well as the success of birds new to each plot. I obtained similar results in both landscapes. Males with different histories of reproductive success returned at different rates. Only 2 of 22 males that were paired but failed to raise young returned in the following year, whereas the return rates of unpaired males (41%, n = 37) and males that successfully raised young (54%, n = 57) did not differ significantly (P = 0.19). The patterns were more consistent with the hypothesis that return rates were due to decisions about dispersal rather than difference in survival of individuals in these groups.El Éxito Reproductivo Previo Afecta Índices de Regreso de Machos Territoriales de Seiurus aurocapillusResumen. Examiné la hipótesis de que individuos de Seiurus aurocapillus hacen decisiones de dispersión reproductiva basadas en las experiencias reproductivas previas en un sitio. Determiné el éxito reproductivo de machos con anillos de color en lugares en terrenos fragmentados y no fragmentados de Missouri entre 1992 y 1995. Documenté cuáles individuos regresaron y su éxito reproductivo al regresar, y también el éxito de pájaros nuevos en cada sitio. Obtuve resultados semejantes en ambos paisajes. Los machos con historias de éxito reproductivo diferentes presentaron índices de regreso diferentes. Solamente 2 de 22 machos apareados que no produjeron cría volvieron al año siguiente, mientras que los índices de regreso de machos no apareados (41%, n = 37) y de los machos que produjeron crías exitosamente (54%, n = 57) no difirieron significativamente (P = 0.19). Los patrones concuerdan más con la hipótesis de que los índices de regreso se deberieron a las decisiones de dispersión y no a la diferencia de supervivencia de individuos en estos grupos.
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Bailey, James A. "Reproductive success in female mountain goats." Canadian Journal of Zoology 69, no. 12 (December 1, 1991): 2956–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z91-416.

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Kid production by marked females, age ratios from a 24-year study, and the literature are used to evaluate hypotheses that three intrinsic and three extrinsic factors affect reproduction by female Rocky Mountain goats (Oreamnos americanus). On Sheep Mountain – Gladstone Ridge, Colorado, mountain goat age ratios declined while the herd grew during 1966–1979, and continued to decline with population stability during 1980–1989, suggesting a continued increase in ecological density of goats 39 years after they were introduced in 1950. Among intrinsic factors, age and persisting individual characteristics have influenced reproductive success of females. Reproductive success in any year has not limited success in the following year, except in 4-year-olds. Among extrinsic factors, reproductive success of female mountain goats has been negatively influenced by density or ecological density and by snowpack during gestation. Reproductive success of females may have been positively influenced by snowpack that enhanced forage conditions prior to breeding. The relative importance of these six factors in determining reproductive success of females may vary among and (temporally) within herds. Most hypotheses regarding reproductive success in female mountain goats remain poorly tested. Short-term observational studies hold little promise for testing hypotheses, owing to large among-years variation in reproductive success. Long-term, intensive observational studies, or manipulative experiments, are suggested.
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Saitoh, Takashi. "Lifetime reproductive success in reproductively suppressed female voles." Researches on Population Ecology 32, no. 2 (December 1990): 391–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02512572.

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Morin, A., M. Rughetti, S. Rioux-Paquette, and M. Festa-Bianchet. "Older conservatives: reproduction in female Alpine chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra) is increasingly risk-averse with age." Canadian Journal of Zoology 94, no. 5 (May 2016): 311–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2015-0153.

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In long-lived mammals, costs of reproduction may vary with age. The terminal investment hypothesis predicts greater reproductive effort as females approach the end of their life expectancy. We monitored 97 individually marked female Alpine chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra (L., 1758)) between 2007 and 2013 to determine how age-specific reproduction affected body mass and subsequent reproductive success. We captured and weighed females between April and August and monitored reproductive success from April to October through mother–kid associations. Reproductive success was strongly age-dependent and peaked at 70% for prime-aged females (4–7 years). Reproductive senescence began at 8 years, earlier than reported by other studies of ungulates. There was no clear evidence of reproductive costs in any age class. Reproductive success was very heterogeneous for old females, suggesting variability in the onset of senescence. Old females were less likely to reproduce in poor years despite being heavier than prime-aged females, suggesting reproductive restraint in late life rather than terminal investment. Female mass remained stable from May to August with no effect of lactation. Our results suggest that chamois reproductive strategy becomes increasingly conservative with age, resulting in no detectable costs of reproduction.
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Symons, Donald. "Reproductive success and adaptation." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 10, no. 04 (December 1987): 788. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x00055898.

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Daly, Martin. "Beyond reproductive success differentials." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 16, no. 2 (June 1993): 289–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x00030004.

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Sear, Rebecca. "Height and reproductive success." Human Nature 17, no. 4 (December 2006): 405–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12110-006-1003-1.

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Castellano, S., L. Colombo, C. Giacoma, E. Marzona, and L. Pataro. "Reproductive success inRana temporaria." Ethology Ecology & Evolution 5, no. 3 (September 1993): 384–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08927014.1993.9523034.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Reproductive success"

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Grange, Laura Joanne. "Reproductive success in Antarctic marine invertebrates." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2005. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/41355/.

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The nearshore Antarctic marine environment is unique, characterised by low but constant temperatures that contrast with an intense peak in productivity. As a result of this stenothermal environment, energy input has a profound ecological effect. These conditions have developed over several millions of years and have resulted in an animal physiology that is highly stenothermal and sometimes closely coupled with the seasonal food supply, e.g. reproductive periodicity and food storage. Therefore, Antarctic marine animals are likely to be amongst the most vulnerable species worldwide to environmental modifications and can be regarded as highly sensitive barometers for change. Reproductive success is a vital characteristic in species survival and evaluation of change in reproductive condition with time key to identifying vulnerable taxa. Characterising reproductive success with time is a major requirement in predicting species response to change and the early stages of species loss. Some invertebrates are highly abundant in shallow water sites around the Antarctic and form conspicuous members of the Antarctic benthos. Three common echinoderms and one nemertean were sampled from sites adjacent to the British Antarctic Survey’s Rothera Research Station, Adelaide Island, on the West Antarctic Peninsula between 1997-2001. Reproductive patterns were determined by histological analyses of gonad tissue. This study provided further evidence for inter-annual variation in Antarctic gametogenic development, which appeared to be driven to some extent by trophic position and reliance on the seasonal phytoplankton bloom. The largest variation in reproductive condition was demonstrated for the detritivorous brittle star, Ophionotus victoriae. The seasonal tempos of this echinoderm have been attributed in part, to the seasonal sedimentation events common in the high Antarctic. The reproductive patterns in the scavenging starfish, Odontaster validus and the predatory nemertean, Parborlasia corrugatus showed less inter-annual variation. The de-coupling of these invertebrates from the intensely seasonal phytoplankton bloom appeared to partially account for the reproductive trends observed. The lack of inter-annual variation in the reproduction of the filter-feeding sea-cucumber, Heterocucumis steineni, was somewhat counterintuitive, although problems with sample processing probably accounted for the majority of this anomaly. Echinoderms were also collected during the Antarctic summer field seasons in 2003 and 2004. A series of fertilisation success studies were undertaken comparing the adaptations in an Antarctic and an equivalent temperate starfish to achieve optimal numbers of fertilised eggs, and elemental analyses were used to estimate the nutritional and energetic condition of the bodily and reproductive tissues in two Antarctic echinoderms. Fertilisation studies indicated that Antarctic invertebrates require 1-2 orders of magnitude more sperm to ensure optimal fertilisation success. These sperm tended to be long-lived and capable of fertilising eggs 24+ hours after release. The study suggested that synchronous spawning, aggregations and specific pre-spawning behaviour are employed to help counter the deleterious effects of sperm limitation. The Antarctic eggs and sperm were also highly sensitive to even small modifications in temperature and salinity, affecting the number of eggs fertilised. Such stenothermy is of particular relevance if the 1-2ºC rise in global temperature, predicted over the next century, is realised. Biochemical composition of body components of two species of Antarctic echinoderm indicated a significant difference in the composition between the male and female gonad, particularly in the Antarctic brittle star Ophionotus victoriae. The ovaries contained a much larger proportion of lipid compared to the testes, and demonstrated a distinct seasonality in composition. Higher levels of lipid were observed in the ovary during the austral winter coincident with a period of reproductive investment and maturing oocytes in the gonad. O. victoriae exhibited lower amounts of lipid in the late austral spring suggesting the removal of mature oocytes from the ovary through spawning. The seasonality in composition and the high levels of lipid and protein measured in the ophiuroid gut tissue, suggested the gut might play a role in providing material and energy for metabolic function and possibly gametogenesis; higher lipid levels were apparent during the period of seasonal phytodetrital flux. The role of the pyloric ceaca in asteroids as a nutrient storage organ was also evident in the high levels of both protein and lipid observed in this bodily component in the star fish, Odontaster validus.
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Tallents, Lucy A. "Determinants of reproductive success in Ethiopian wolves." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.442999.

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Hardy, Danita Sue 1957. "Reproductive success of round-tailed ground squirrels." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276596.

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I studied round-tailed ground squirrels (Spermophilus tereticaudus) to determine if presence of water or green vegetation significantly increased reproductive success. I compared the number of juveniles produced, body weights, and diets of squirrels during 1981-84 on 2 plots with green vegetation and no free water, on 3 plots with free water and no green vegetation, and 2 control plots. Reproductive success and body weights of adult and juvenile squirrels were significantly higher (P ≥ 0.001) on plots with green vegetation than on either watered or control plots. Body weights of squirrels on plots with water only and control plots were not significantly different (P ≥ 0.05). Adult squirrels without access to green vegetation during winter and spring failed to reproduce even though free water was readily available. Percent of diet overlap, diversity, and evenness of squirrel diets on control and watered plots were not significantly different. Green vegetation appeared to be the limiting factor for round-tailed ground squirrels.
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O'Donoghue, Paul. "Reproductive success and effective population size in ungulates." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.528893.

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Banks, M. J. "Population dynamics and lifetime reproductive success of damselflies." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.304819.

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Dickerson, Bobette Ray. "Reproductive success in wild pink salmon, Oncorhynchus gorbuscha /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/5337.

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Butcher, Jerrod Anthony. "Minimum patch size thresholds of reproductive success of songbirds." Thesis, [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2842.

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Payne, Adam Gordon. "Male reproductive success in the beaugregory damselfish, Stegastes leucosticus." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.400343.

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Jones, M. Genevieve W. "Individual variation in reproductive success in the wandering Albatross." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/11500.

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To conserve threatened species it is important to protect the productive individuals, and so I aimed to identify factors accounting for individual-level variation in long-term reproductive success. I examined current breeding characteristics that might explain past reproductive performance amongst experienced breeders.
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Kieckbusch, Jens. "How do natural killer cells contribute to reproductive success?" Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.708449.

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Books on the topic "Reproductive success"

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Lovejoy, David A., and Dalia Barsyte. Sex, Stress and Reproductive Success. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470979600.

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Lovejoy, David A. Sex, stress and reproductive success. Chichester, West Sussex, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011.

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1933-, Burger Edward J., Georgetown University. Institute for Health Policy Analysis., United States. Environmental Protection Agency., and Risk Science Institute (Washington, D.C.), eds. Sperm measures and reproductive success. New York: A.R. Liss, 1989.

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Sher, Geoffrey. The journey to IVF success. [United States]: Sher Institute for Reproductive Medicine, 2001.

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Carrell, Douglas T., ed. Paternal Influences on Human Reproductive Success. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781139169349.

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Beletsky, Les. Red-winged blackbirds: Decision-making and reproductive success. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1996.

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Wallace, Janet Clair. Partitioning variance in reproductive success of female goldeneyes. Ottawa: National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1993.

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H, Clutton-Brock T., ed. Reproductive success: Studies of individual variation in contrasting breeding systems. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1988.

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Bangladesh United Nations Population Fund. UNFPA in Bangladesh: Success stories. Dhaka: United Nations Population Fund, 2005.

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Lorrie, Haley, Ellis Maria, Cook Jeff, California Energy Commission. Public Interest Energy Research., and Spring Rivers Ecological Sciences, LLC., eds. Reproductive timing of freshwater mussels and potential impacts of pulsed flows on reproductive success: PIER final project report. [Sacramento, Calif.]: California Energy Commission, 2007.

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Book chapters on the topic "Reproductive success"

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Adriaens, Pieter, and Andreas De Block. "Decreased Reproductive Success." In Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Psychological Science, 1–3. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16999-6_42-1.

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Kraft, Veronica, and W. Jake Jacobs. "Differential Reproductive Success." In Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Psychological Science, 1–2. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16999-6_1392-1.

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Adriaens, Pieter R., and Andreas De Block. "Decreased Reproductive Success." In Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Psychological Science, 1870–73. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19650-3_42.

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Kraft, Veronica, and W. Jake Jacobs. "Differential Reproductive Success." In Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Psychological Science, 2004–5. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19650-3_1392.

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Sear, Rebecca. "Height and Reproductive Success." In Homo Novus – A Human Without Illusions, 127–43. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-12142-5_10.

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Zerbe, James G. "Status and Reproductive Success." In Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Psychological Science, 1–3. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16999-6_2571-1.

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Stevens, Anthony, and John Price. "Reproductive Success and Failure." In Evolutionary Psychiatry, 159–69. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003209256-19.

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Zerbe, James G. "Status and Reproductive Success." In Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Psychological Science, 7937–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19650-3_2571.

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Scott, M. P., and S. M. Williams. "Measuring reproductive success in insects." In Experientia Supplementum, 61–74. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-7527-1_5.

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Vollrath, Fritz. "Growth, Foraging and Reproductive Success." In Ecophysiology of Spiders, 357–70. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71552-5_27.

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Conference papers on the topic "Reproductive success"

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Cozari, Tudor. "Ecological-evolutionary ethology of the amphibians: conceptual synthesis of research results at regional and European level." In Xth International Conference of Zoologists. Institute of Zoology, Republic of Moldova, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53937/icz10.2021.51.

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Following long-term investigations of over 50 amphibian populations in the Republic of Moldova and Italy, the ecological and evolutionary peculiarities of reproductive behavior in some species of the orders Caudata and Anura were elucidated. For the first time, at the autecological and synecological level, the evaluation of amphibian nuptial systems - parental input, reproductive success, “r” and “K” reproductive strategies and their role in the evolution of sexual selection and the realization of the reproduction potential as a fundamental mechanism for the survival of amphibian populations in various environmental conditions was emphasized.
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Cozari, Tudor. "Etologia ecologico-evolutiva a amfibienilor: sinteza conceptuala a rezultatelor investigatiilor la nivel regional si european." In Impactul antropic asupra calitatii mediului. Institute of Ecology and Geography, Republic of Moldova, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.53380/9789975330800.17.

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Following from long investigations of more than 50 populations of amphibians from the Republic of Moldova and Italy were elucidated ecological particularities and evolutionary reproductive behavior of some species of Caudata and Anura Orders. For the first time, on Autecological & Sinecological level, has been made assessment of nuptial systems of amphibians – of parental contribution, reproductive success, „r” & „K” reproductive strategies and their role in sexual selection and evolution the attainment of reproductive potential as a fundamental mechanism of survival of amphibian populations in various ambient conditions.
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Klaus, Elisabeth, Laura Bosco, Corina Maurer, Beatrice Schranz, Franziska Arnold, Alain Jacot, and Raphael Arlettaz. "Plant reproductive success in highly fragmented Valais vineyard landscapes: a quasi-experimental approach." In 5th European Congress of Conservation Biology. Jyväskylä: Jyvaskyla University Open Science Centre, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.17011/conference/eccb2018/107704.

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Santa-Martinez, Emmanuel. "The influence of distinct pollinators on male and female reproductive success in alfalfa." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.114572.

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Barichello, Norman. "The Overwhelming Influence of Ptarmigan Abundance on Gyrfalcon Reproductive Success in the Central Yukon, Canada." In Gyrfalcons and Ptarmigan in a Changing World. The Peregrine Fund, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.4080/gpcw.2011.0205.

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"The Influence of Temperature on the Reproductive Success of a Fig Wasp and Its Host Plant." In International Conference on Advances in Agricultural, Biological & Environmental Sciences. International Institute of Chemical, Biological & Environmental Engineering, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15242/iicbe.c0715012.

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Herault, Vincent. "Effect of Nesting Habitat on Niche Width and Reproductive Success of Peregrine Falcons Nesting Near Rankin Inlet, Nunavut." In Gyrfalcons and Ptarmigan in a Changing World. The Peregrine Fund, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.4080/gpcw.2011.0125.

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Lehman, John T. "Optimal Foraging Theory: Lessons and Application to Adaptive Engineering Systems." In ASME 2008 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2008-2400.

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In biological systems, optimal strategy is generally defined as optimizing fitness, measured as reproductive value (RV), the expectation of producing surviving offspring from time t onward, given that an organism is in state S(t). Any action can be associated with an expectation of immediate reproductive success. Maximum RV results from the action that maximizes the sum of immediate and future surviving offspring. Adaptive biological behavior is the product of historical experience, heritability, individual variation, and differential fitness among individuals. Foraging tasks are a standard test bed for robot research because of their applicability to many problems. Optimal foraging theory offers explanations and predictions with direct applicability to engineering problems. Much theory development involves optimal solutions based on complete information about the system, but animals do not always conform to predictions of such models. Adaptive approximations to optimality in biological systems offer models for design of engineered systems.
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Faiq, H., M. Y. Safie, and M. N. Shukor. "Assessment of survival rates and reproductive success of captive bred milky stork released at Kuala Gula Bird Sanctuary, Perak." In THE 2016 UKM FST POSTGRADUATE COLLOQUIUM: Proceedings of the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Faculty of Science and Technology 2016 Postgraduate Colloquium. Author(s), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4966848.

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Owens, Patrick D., and A. Galip Ulsoy. "Self-Reproducing Machines: Preventing Degeneracy." In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-14201.

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Machines produced by humans exhibit insufficient complexity to produce similar machines. As John von Neumann originally postulated, if biological systems are able to successfully reproduce, then there must be some characteristic that we can embed in machines to give them the ability to reproduce. Such a self-reproductive machine, also imbued with the ability to do constructive work, could prove enormously useful to the human race. This paper considers a simple self-reproducing machine, which consists of a 2-DOF, planar robot arm capable of picking up and placing the components of another arm. If the robot places the components within the allowable tolerance, then the original arm has successfully reproduced. An assembly line is constructed, so that a self-reproduction process can proceed along a track. If this process eventually fails because one robot is not capable of assembling another, then the system is said to be degenerate. Otherwise, the system is sustainable. A kinematic model that maps component placement errors from one generation of the robot arm to the next was derived. The system exhibited exponential growth in component placement errors. Thus, this self-reproduction system is degenerate. This system is then augmented to provide error-correction during the assembly process. With the application of error-correction the self-reproduction process is made sustainable. The minimal amount of error-correction required to achieve sustainable self-reproduction was investigated through sensor quantization, and it was shown that the amount of fidelity in the error-correction signal determines the success of the self-reproduction process. This self-reproduction system was also analyzed in the context of Kabamba's Generation Theory, which could predict the results obtained through simulation regarding degeneracy or sustainability.
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Reports on the topic "Reproductive success"

1

Hatch, Douglas R. Steelhead Kelt Reconditioning and Reproductive Success, 2008 Annul Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/962227.

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Shortlidge, Erin. Testing the Ecological and Physiological Factors Influencing Reproductive Success in Mosses. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.1950.

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Heifetz, Yael, and Michael Bender. Success and failure in insect fertilization and reproduction - the role of the female accessory glands. United States Department of Agriculture, December 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2006.7695586.bard.

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The research problem. Understanding of insect reproduction has been critical to the design of insect pest control strategies including disruptions of mate-finding, courtship and sperm transfer by male insects. It is well known that males transfer proteins to females during mating that profoundly affect female reproductive physiology, but little is known about the molecular basis of female mating response and no attempts have yet been made to interfere with female post-mating responses that directly bear on the efficacy of fertilization. The female reproductive tract provides a crucial environment for the events of fertilization yet thus far those events and the role of the female tract in influencing them are poorly understood. For this project, we have chosen to focus on the lower reproductive tract because it is the site of two processes critical to reproduction: sperm management (storage, maintenance, and release from storage) and fertilization. E,fforts during this project period centered on the elucidation of mating responses in the female lower reproductive tract The central goals of this project were: 1. To identify mating-responsive genes in the female lower reproductive tract using DNA microarray technology. 2. In parallel, to identify mating-responsive genes in these tissues using proteomic assays (2D gels and LC-MS/MS techniques). 3. To integrate proteomic and genomic analyses of reproductive tract gene expression to identify significant genes for functional analysis. Our main achievements were: 1. Identification of mating-responsive genes in the female lower reproductive tract. We identified 539 mating-responsive genes using genomic and proteomic approaches. This analysis revealed a shift from gene silencing to gene activation soon after mating and a peak in differential gene expression at 6 hours post-mating. In addition, comparison of the two datasets revealed an expression pattern consistent with the model that important reproductive proteins are pre-programmed for synthesis prior to mating. This work was published in Mack et al. (2006). Validation experiments using real-time PCR techniques suggest that microarray assays provide a conservativestimate of the true transcriptional activity in reproductive tissues. 2.lntegration of proteomics and genomics data sets. We compared the expression profiles from DNA microarray data with the proteins identified in our proteomic experiments. Although comparing the two data sets poses analyical challenges, it provides a more complete view of gene expression as well as insights into how specific genes may be regulated. This work was published in Mack et al. (2006). 3. Development of primary reproductive tract cell cultures. We developed primary cell cultures of dispersed reproductive tract cell types and determined conditions for organ culture of the entire reproductive tract. This work will allow us to rapidly screen mating-responsive genes for a variety of reproductive-tract specifi c functions. Scientific and agricultural significance. Together, these studies have defined the genetic response to mating in a part of the female reproductive tract that is critical for successful fertllization and have identified alarge set of mating-responsive genes. This work is the first to combine both genomic and proteomic approaches in determining female mating response in these tissues and has provided important insights into insect reproductive behavior.
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Andresen, Claire E., and Patrick J. Gunn. Effects of Extended-release Eprinomectin on Replacement Heifer Performance and Reproductive Success. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-511.

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Harrison, F. L., and S. L. Anderson. The effects of chronic radiation on reproductive success of the polychaete worm Neanthes arenaceodentata. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6608677.

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Miller, Patrick, and Ailsa Hall. Behavioral Ecology of Cetaceans: The Relationship of Body Condition with Behavior and Reproductive Success. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada571811.

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Simmons, Mary Ann, Ted M. Poston, Brett L. Tiller, Amanda Stegen, Kristine D. Hand, and Jill M. Brandenberger. Canada Geese at the Hanford Site ? Trends in Reproductive Success, Migration Patterns, and Contaminant Concentrations. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/981577.

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Andresen, Claire E., and Patrick J. Gunn. Effects of Extended-release Eprinomectin on Cow/calf Performance and Reproductive Success in a Fall-calving Herd. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-549.

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Jurkevitch, Edouard, Carol Lauzon, Boaz Yuval, and Susan MacCombs. role of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in survival and reproductive success of Ceratitis capitata, the Mediterranean fruit fly. United States Department of Agriculture, September 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2005.7695863.bard.

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Objectives: to demonstrate nitrogen fixation in the gut of Ceratitiscapitata, the Mediterranean fruit fly and that fixed nitrogen is important for the fly. Background: Fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) are a highly successful, widespread group of insects causing enormous economic damage in agriculture. They are anautogenous, i.e. the acquisition of nitrogenous compounds by both male and female is essential for the realization of their reproductive potential. Nitrogen, although abundant in the atmosphere, is paradoxically a limiting resource for multicellular organisms. In the Animalia, biological nitrogen fixation has solely been demonstrated in termites. Major achievements and conclusions: We found that all individuals of field-collected medflies harbor large diazotrophicenterobacterial populations that express dinitrogenreductase in the gut. Moreover, nitrogen fixation was demonstrated in isolated guts and in live flies and may significantly contribute to the fly’s nitrogen intake. Specific components of these communities were shown to be transmitted vertically between flies. Moreover, we found that the gut bacterial community changes during the fly’s active season both in composition and complexity. Moreover, strong changes in community structure were also observed between the fly's various developmental stages. An initial analysis using SuPERPCR, a technology enabling the detection of minor populations by selective elimination of the dominant 16S rDNA sequences revealed that Pseudomonasspp. may also be part of the gut community. Implications: The presence of similar bacterial consortia in additional insect orders suggests that nitrogen fixation occurs in vast pools of terrestrial insects. On such a large scale, this phenomenon may have a considerable impact on the nitrogen cycle.
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Specht, W. L. Reproductive success and mortality rates of Ceriodaphnia dubia maintained in water from Upper Three Runs, Pen Branch, and Fourmile Branch. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/565497.

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