Dissertations / Theses: 'Representing science'

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Daly, Tricia School of Media Film &amp Theatre UNSW. "Representing the human body ??? science as social meaning." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Media, Film and Theatre, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/23293.

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Representing the human body ??? science as social meaning adopts and develops systemic functional social semiotics to analyse the popular science texts, The Human Body, Superhuman, Human Instinct, Brain Story, The Secret Life of Twins and How to Build a Human. These are predominantly produced through the resources of the Wellcome Trust and/or the BBC/TLC (The Learning Channel), and feature celebrity doctors (Robert Winston) or scientists (Susan Greenfield) as presenters. Adopting a modified and expanded systemic functional semiotics derived from Kress and van Leeuwen (1996, 2001), it is argued that these texts share a logic that displaces social/historical time (including broader historical and social struggles) by constructing the apparent timelessness of middle-class families, by metaphor and abstraction. Central to the temporalities of these programmes is the notion of ???going back??? to the familial in which conscious (patriarchal) time is seen as ???male??? and the unconscious timeless is seen as ???female???. Second, the penetrative digital modes of the programmes imagine different, if conventional, genders, emphasising the interior and inertial female. The popular medical science discourses highlighted in the analysis constitute an unconscious set of taken-for-granted socio-political contexts in which medical and bioscientific knowledge is paraded and celebrated. Narrative resolution of the contradictions inherent in the contextual refrain of contemporary global capitalism is largely achieved through time by the semiotic realisation of ???going back??? to evolutionary, genetic, and (hence to) essential time and to abstracted spatial metaphors. The production origins (British, multi-national) of the factual science documentary prefigure or pre-structure the genre???s conservative colonising discourse around gender, ???race??? and evolution that are developed as social, political or even military metaphors.

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Chakilam, Krishna Chaitanya. "Representing and Minimizing Multidimensional Dependencies." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1249315061.

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Meylan, Stephan Charles. "Representing Linguistic Knowledge with Probabilistic Models." Thesis, University of California, Berkeley, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10931065.

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The use of language is one of the defining features of human cognition. Focusing here on two key features of language, productivity and robustness, I examine how basic questions regarding linguistic representation can be approached with the help of probabilistic generative language models, or PGLMs. These statistical models, which capture aspects of linguistic structure in terms of distributions over events, can serve as both the product of language learning and as prior knowledge in real-time language processing. In the first two chapters, I show how PGLMs can be used to make inferences about the nature of people's linguistic representations. In Chapter 1, I look at the representations of language learners, tracing the earliest evidence for a noun category in large developmental corpora. In Chapter 2, I evaluate broad-coverage language models reflecting contrasting assumptions about the information sources and abstractions used for in-context spoken word recognition in their ability to capture people's behavior in a large online game of “Telephone.” In Chapter 3, I show how these models can be used to examine the properties of lexicons. I use a measure derived from a probabilistic generative model of word structure to provide a novel interpretation of a longstanding linguistic universal, motivating it in terms of cognitive pressures that arise from communication. I conclude by considering the prospects for a unified, expectations-oriented account of language processing and first language learning.

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Goodare, Jennifer. "Representing science in a divided world : the Royal Society and Cold War Britain." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2013. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/representing-science-in-a-divided-world-the-royal-society-and-cold-war-britain(3b43e9ec-765b-4944-b9b3-ea0284fc7d66).html.

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This thesis shows that despite the rhetoric of universalism and internationalism used by the Royal Society, especially after the onset of Cold War, its policies and actions in the period 1945-75 remained closely allied to the interests of the British state. More specifically, in its foreign relations the Society mainly operated within a network of Western intergovernmental organisations that were a response to, and operated in similar ways, to Eastern Bloc organisations. While financially dependent on a Parliamentary grant-in-aid, they effectively carved out a role in the sphere of international scientific relations which was built upon an image of independence from the state. Thus, Society Officers and staff were able to mobilise a double-sided discourse of utility to, and independence from, the state. The association between the government of the day and the Society was at its most effective when a consensus existed between like-minded government administrators and Officers of the Society. A culture of collaboration and informal networks allowed them to build relationships and share ideas. The Society was perfectly designed to facilitate this culture, as its Fellows permeated government networks as individuals as much as they did as direct representatives of the Society. The status of Fellows conferred on them eligibility for a variety of positions, both formal and informal, within the elite infrastructure of national life. The thesis also shows that party political and ideological motivations often prefaced associations between Fellows and like-minded politicians or civil servants, but these associations were principally between economic liberals to the exclusion of far left scientists. However, the Society’s connections with the government were also motivated by reasons beyond party politics. The Society had an overarching aim to preserve the United Kingdom’s position as a scientific ‘Mecca’. In the shifting post-war landscape, in which the country became more dependent on outside help and conscious of its relative decline in economic and political power, the Society looked beyond national borders to stay in the competition. The thesis shows that Officers of the Society responded creatively to the changing geopolitical landscape as old spheres of influence waned, such as the Empire-Commonwealth, and new ones opened up, such as the European Community and the special relationship with America. The Society pursued these new opportunities with patriotic ambition, often prioritising relations that promised scientific rather than political gains, but always within a Western framework.

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Xydias, Christina V. "Women Representing Women?: Pathways to Substantive Representation." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1269445382.

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Muspratt, Alexander Walter, and n/a. "Representing Scientific Knowledge in High School Textbooks: a Corpus Study." Griffith University. School of Cognition, Language and Special Education, 2006. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20060913.150726.

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This thesis reports a computational corpus study of textbooks used in high school science programs in Queensland, Australia. The central research issues concern: 1. how textbook authors deploy linguistic resources in representing scientific knowledge; 2. whether or not authors deploy linguistic resources differently across the disciplines of science, and for younger and older readers; and, 3. whether or not variation in the deployment of linguistic resources can be interpreted in terms of the processes and mechanisms for establishing reliable and valid scientific knowledge. The thesis first summarises theoretical debates concerning the nature and teaching of science. An extended discussion, in the form of a case study of Galileo's work on motion, is presented, along with examples of how the 'Galileo story' has been revised and modified into popular and professional / educational imagination. This discussion thaws out critical points about the relationships between science as an observational and empirical activity and science as an abstract and intellectual activity. This is contrasted with educational constructivist accounts of learning and pedagogy, and how constructivist pedagogy is influenced by constructivist accounts of the doing of science. The data collection and analysis methods are then described in detail. A variety of tagging and marking techniques relating to vocabulary, logical formation and connection words, and grammatical formations are used. These provide the bases for a variety of frequency and collocational analyses, which, in turn, feed into a series of multivariate analyses. After presenting a descriptive overview of the corpus of textbooks, the results are reported in four chapters. Each chapter considers one linguistic resource in turn: vocabulary diversity, lexical organisation, words used to establish logical and structural formations, and grammatical organisation. These chapters show that there is systematic variation in authors deployment of linguistic resources, and that variation with respect to one linguistic resource is associated with variation with respect to the others. In particular, when scientific knowledge is presented through elaboration, persuasion, and description, there is little or no underlying structure to the phenomena being discussed, or there are few or no underlying concepts to which authors can return as their discussions progress. Alternatively, when scientific knowledge is presented in terms of rules, statements, procedures, and arrangements, the content of a topic is structured around a small number of underlying and uni~ing concepts. The contrast is between a loosely structured science that is descriptive, factual and observational, and a highly structured science that is for the most part theoretical. Furthermore, authors selectivity in their deployment of linguistic resources is associated with the major scientific disciplines. The suggestion is that the contents of Biology and Geology, with only a loose structure or no structure to the contents underlying concepts, are presented through elaboration, persuasion, and description, whereas the contents of Physics and Chemistry, structured around a small number of underlying and uni~ing concepts, are presented in terms of rules, statements, procedures, and arrangements. The thesis concludes that what is missing in textbook accounts that embody naive empiricism is the discernment evident in Galileos work: when, how and with what cost to 'simplify' the experiential world, and how to add back to theoretical accounts the complexities of the experiential world. It is an understanding of these processes and the ways in which they can be displayed and developed in classrooms that could better inform the preparation of science teachers as well as laying a stronger base for high school programs.

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Poon, Terrence C. (Terrence Chun-Yin) 1978. "Representing agent contracts with exceptions and business process description." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/87290.

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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2002.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 83-85).
by Terrence C. Poon.
M.Eng.

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Scheidegger, Madleina C. "Representing and analyzing temporal complexity in children's story books." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/33342.

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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2004.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 81-82).
In this thesis, the temporal complexity in children's stories is analyzed to better understand the development of children's perception of time. The temporal complexity increases both in greater deviations from a chronological presentation of events, as well as an increase in the different kinds of temporal relations between events. Tools to analyze and display the temporal complexity were developed and are used to demonstrate an increase in temporal complexity as the grade level increases. The results from this were then used to determine the appropriate reading material for a given grade of sample stories. Unlike the normal assessments methods, that use only the word and sentence complexity, this thesis takes into account both the the semantic contents of the story and the cognitive ability of the child.
by Madleina C. Scheidegger.
M.Eng.

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Kabilan, Vandana. "Ontology for Information Systems (04IS) Design Methodology : Conceptualizing, Designing and Representing Domain Ontologies." Doctoral thesis, Kista : Data- och systemvetenskap, Kungliga Tekniska högskolan, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4513.

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Brennan, Catherine M. (Catherine Marie). "Representing troubleshooting information for a high-volume production line." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/35384.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 1994, and Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1994.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 75).
by Catherine M. Brennan.
M.S.

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Jones, Michael J. (Michael Jeffrey) 1968. "Multidimensional morphable models : a framework for representing and matching object classes." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/43399.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1997.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 129-133).
by Michel Jeffrey Jones.
Ph.D.

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Thiagarajan, Arvind. "Representing and querying regression models in a relational database management system." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/42254.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2007.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 77-79).
Curve fitting is a widely employed, useful modeling tool in several financial, scientific, engineering and data mining applications, and in applications like sensor networks that need to tolerate missing or noisy data. These applications need to both fit functions to their data using regression, and pose relational-style queries over regression models. Unfortunately, existing DBMSs are ill suited for this task because they do not include support for creating, representing and querying functional data, short of brute-force discretization of functions into a collection of tuples. This thesis describes FunctionDB, a novel DBMS that extends the state of the art. FunctionDB treats functions output by regression as first-class citizens that can be queried declaratively and manipulated like traditional database relations. The key contributions of FunctionDB are a compact, algebraic representation for regression models as piecewise functions, and an algebraic query processor that executes declarative queries directly on this representation as combinations of algebraic operations like function inversion, zero finding and symbolic integration. FunctionDB is evaluated on two real world data sets: measurements from a temperature sensor network, and traffic traces from cars driving on Boston roads. The results show that operating in the functional domain has substantial accuracy advantages (over 15% for some queries) and order of magnitude (10x-100x) performance gains over existing approaches that represent models as discrete collections of points. The thesis also describes an algorithm to maintain regression models online, as new raw data is inserted into the system. The algorithm supports a sustained insertion rate of the order of a million records per second, while generating models no less compact than a clairvoyant (offline) strategy.
by Arvind Thiagarajan.
S.M.

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Mohan, Sriram. "A framework for specifying, representing and enforcing access control for XML data repositories." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2007. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3274922.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of Computer Science, 2007.
Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 68-07, Section: B, page: 4599. Advisers: Yuqing Melanie Wu; Arijit Sengupta. Title from dissertation home page (viewed Apr. 22, 2008).

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Schmidt, Marlene. "We who are about to... : FEMALE CHARACTERS IN SCIENCE FICTION REPRESENTING WOMEN’S STRUGGLE AGAINST MALE OPPRESSION." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för lärarutbildning (LUT), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-24600.

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This essay uses feminist theory to examine whether the female narrator in Joanna Russ science fiction novel We who are about to… can be viewed as a personification of women’s struggle against an oppressive male society. The thesis of the essay is that the female narrator’s struggle against the male oppressors in the novel represents the struggle for women’s rights in Western society. The essay will also examine if teaching feminist theory and including women science fiction writers in the classroom will promote gender equality and thus fulfil the requirements of the Swedish curriculum.

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Rahman, Abu Saleh Md Mahfujur. "Suitability of searching and representing multimedia learning resources in a three-dimensional virtual gaming environment." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/27909.

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Search engines usually publish search results in web pages that are filled with a certain number of matched records that can be navigated further through successive back and forth operations. While this approach proves to be useful, it fails to show the context and relationship among displayed results. We argue that new and intuitive user interfaces, such as a 3D virtual environment, may provide an alternative to the traditional presentation techniques, especially in a learning environment where learners are looking for multimedia learning resources that match their interests. We propose a 3D car gaming environment as a search metaphor and analyze the suitability of such an approach in terms of user perception, interaction, visual quality, graphics rendering performance and other parameters. Our experiment suggests that the proposed approach not only shows an intuitive way of information visualization but also integrates education and entertainment to serve the vision of Edutainment.

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Allgaier, Joachim. "Representing science education in UK newspapers : a case study on the controversy surrounding teaching the theory of evolution and creationism in science classes." n.p, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/.

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Allgaier, Joachim. "Representing science education in UK newspapers : a case study on the controversy surrounding teaching the theory of evolution and creationism in science classes." Thesis, Open University, 2008. http://oro.open.ac.uk/56473/.

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The thesis examines representations of science education in UK newspapers and focuses on the role of expert sources in a controversy about the teaching of creationism alongside the theory of evolution in science classrooms. The newspaper reporting revolved around the City Technology College Emmanuel College in Gateshead, mainly in Spring 2002. The empirical research focused on two connected media elements: newspaper content and newspaper production. A quantitative and qualitative approach to analysing media content examined 287 newspaper articles from 20 UK newspapers, from I January 2002 to 20 February 2004, inclusive. The production analysis was based on semi-structured interviews with media professionals. The analysis of media content shows that the debate around Emmanuel College consisted of several related controversial issues. A range of expert sources were quoted in the articles, using various argumentation lines to address the issues of the controversy. The way expert sources were described by the journalists mainly seemed to enhance the credibility of those supporting the scientific consensus. Further analysis shows that some experts formed heterogeneousc oalitions of experts calling for action. Collaborative networks of experts appeared as efforts to enhance credibility and gain access to the media. The evidence presented in this thesis points to the importance of understanding expertise not only in individual but also in collective terms and to investigate expertise in terms of the argumentation lines reported. The analysis of semistructured interviews with media professionals demonstrates that the specialism of correspondents (e. g. on covering science or education) could influence which expert sources were selected, how they were represented and whether newspaper accounts were balanced or not. This influenced how reports were framed. Overall, the thesis demonstrates a more complex conceptualisation of expertise, one where experts are mobilised to conduct boundary work in key sites: media reporting and the National Curriculum for Science.

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Holliman, Richard. "Representing science in the UK news media : 'life on Mars?' : cell nucleus replacement and Gulf War syndrome." Thesis, Open University, 2000. http://oro.open.ac.uk/24093/.

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This thesis addresses contemporary debates in the sociology of science, the sociology of media and the public understanding of science by examining the UK television and print media coverage of three substantive scientific issues. The first case study follows the debate as to whether a Martian meteorite (ALH 84001) provided evidence of ancient bacterial life-forms that could prove primitive life had once existed on Mars. The second case study tracks the use of cell nucleus replacement to “clone” mammals. The third case study examines the scientific and political controversy over the existence, symptoms, causes and response to “Gulf War syndrome”. The empirical research employed methodologies developed at the Glasgow Media Group, providing a comparative analysis of the production, content and reception of news media coverage of the case studies. The methods included interviews with scientists, journalists, media professionals and interest groups, a two-year content analysis of press and television news and focus group interviews. The content analysis discovered that media coverage of the case studies was extensive, unevenly distributed over time and emphasised scientific and science-based controversy as news values. The production analysis highlighted the importance of the interaction between scientific institutions and the media. For example, science journalists regularly draw on scientific journals as credible source material. The scientific community actively maintained this situation through information subsidies as a way of generating science news. The reception analysis demonstrated that news media, especially television news, provided an important source of information for audience members. Audience members were active consumers of science news, based on their education, gender, age and personal experience of science. Motivation to consume science news was also a key factor for audience members, varying according to the scientific issue being covered by the media. Overall, this thesis has highlighted the contested interactions that construct and interpret news media coverage of science. By analysing these complex interactions, this thesis contributes to contemporary concerns about the public presentation of science.

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Vessonen, Elina Sini Maria. "Representing and constructing : psychometrics from the perspectives of measurement theory and concept formation." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2019. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/289446.

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Social scientific measurement is much desired and much criticized. In this dissertation I evaluate one of the main approaches to social scientific measurement that has nevertheless been virtually ignored by philosophers - the psychometric approach. Psychometric measures are typically used to measure unobservable attributes such as intelligence and personality. They typically take the form of questionnaires or tests and are validated by statistical tests of properties such as reliability and model-fit. My thesis is two-fold. In the first, more critical part, I argue that psychometric instruments normally fail to fulfil plausible criteria for adequate measurement. To make this argument, I define and defend a conception of quantitative representation necessary for measurement. My definition is grounded in the Representational Theory of Measurement but avoids the main critiques this theory has faced. I then show that the typical psychometric process of measure validation fails to produce evidence of such quantitative representation. The upshot is that although a quantitative interpretation of psychometric data is common, it is largely unwarranted. In the second part, I argue that psychometric instruments are nonetheless apt for various other purposes. This argument hinges on a new outlook on how concepts should be formed for psychometric purposes. Philosophers have traditionally thought that concepts should cohere with intuitions and/or pick out so-called natural kinds, while many psychometricians argue that concepts should pick out real as opposed to constructed attributes. I argue that, when it comes to social scientific measurement, it is much more important to focus on the usefulness of the concept, where usefulness can take on different meanings in different contexts. Building on the defended outlook on concept formation, I show what useful functions psychometric instruments can serve even when they fail at quantitative representation.

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Sexton, Melissa, and Melissa Sexton. ""An Aligned, Transformed, Constructed World": Representing Material Environments in American Literature 1835-1945." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/12431.

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This dissertation seeks to avoid two extremes that have polarized literary debate: on the one hand, a strong constructivism that reduces environments to textual effects; and, on the other hand, a strong realism that elides language's constructive power, assuming texts' mimetic transparency. Positioning itself within the ecocritical attempt to reconnect text and environment, my project articulates a constructive vision of material representation that I call "constrained realism." Katherine L. Hayles's "constrained constructivism" emphasizes the constructed nature of scientific knowledge while asserting science's truth; conversely, "constrained realism" re-emphasizes the material real's influence on literature while acknowledging representation's limitations. My project adapts Bruno Latour's work in science studies to literary texts, reconceiving written representation as a dynamic process of human/material interaction. My reassessment of literary materiality extends to both canonical and neglected American texts that address representational anxieties about materiality. First, I examine how the work of Henry David Thoreau presents the relation between a material world and written text as actively constructed and mutually constituted, a relationship that necessitates Thoreau's self-reflexive engagement with language. A similar dynamic between material observation and skepticism about language informs Frank Norris's

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Chang, Tsiar-Yuan. "Representing knowledge patterns in a conceptual database design aid : a dual-base knowledge model." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1998. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/4259/.

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The current status of the Knowledge-Based Database Design Systems (KBDDSs) is reviewed. It is shown that they do not resolve the problems of the identification of the relevant objects (relations) and the interpretation of the identified objects from the semantic-rich reality. Consequently, a theoretical architecture is developed to alleviate these problems by reusing the finished conceptual data schemata. By taking account of the essence of the reality and the problem-solving behaviour of experts, a new knowledge model called the Dual-Base Knowledge Model (DBKM), which involves two syngeristic knowledge structures, the concept and case bases, is constructed by the theories of conceptual knowledge in the psychological realm and the notions of relation and function from set theory. The aim is to provide rational and valid grounds for the support and interplay of these two bases in order to reuse the relevant old cases and facilitate the acquisition of new cases. Thus, the process model, which involves two process mechanisms, the case retrieval and knowledge accumulation mechanisms, is analysed according to the theory of the proposed DBKM. In this way, the feasibility of reusing the relevant schemata or part of them can be established in the DBKM architecture. The functionality of the DBKM architecture is tested by a simulated example to show how the relevant cases are recalled in the knowledge pool and the new knowledge is stored in the knowledge repository. The distinctions between the DBKM architecture and the frameworks of current KBDDSs and Case-Based Reasoning (CBR) systems (from the knowledge-based system view), and between the DBKM and those knowledge models in current KBDDSs and rule-based data modelling approaches (from the knowledge-modelling view) are investigated to contrast the current levels of progress of the conceptual data modelling. This research establishes the feasibility of the DBKM architecture, although it demonstrates the need to accommodate the dynamic and functional aspects of the Universe of Discourse (UoD). The main contributions of the DBKM are (1) to provide a valid basis for complementing the environments supported by the current KBDDSs and a rational basis for creating the symbiosis of humans and computer; and (2) to moderate the beliefs underlying the fact-based school and provide a hermeneutic environment, so that the confusion of the current conceptualising work can be alleviated and the difficulty of the conceptualising task can be eased to some degree.

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Nguyen, Vinh Thi Kim. "Semantic Web Foundations for Representing, Reasoning, and Traversing Contextualized Knowledge Graphs." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1516147861789615.

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Ramakrishnan, Cartic. "Extracting, Representing and Mining Semantic Metadata from Text: Facilitating Knowledge Discovery in Biomedicine." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1222021939.

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Van, Rensburg Thelma. "Uneasy bodies femininity and death : representing the female corpse in fashion photography and selected contemporary artworks." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/60434.

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This mini-dissertation serves as a framework for my own creative practice. In this research paper my intention is to explore, within a feminist reading, representations of the female corpse in fashion photography and art. The cultural theorist Stuart Hall's theories on the concept of representation are utilised to critically analyse and interogate selected images from fashion magazines, which depicts the female corpse in an idealised way. Such idealisation manifests in Western culture, in fashion magazines, as expressed in depictions of the attractive/ seductive/fine-looking female corpse. Fashion photographs that fit this description are critically contrasted and challenged to selected artworks by Penny Siopis and Marlene Dumas, alongside my own work, to explore how the female corpse can be represented, as strategy to undermine the aesthetic and cultural objectification of the female body. Here the study also explores the selected artists' utilisation of the abject and the grotesque in relation to their use of artistic mediums and modes of production as an attempt to create ambiguous and conflicting combinations of attraction and repulsion (the sublime aesthetic of delightful horror), thereby confronting the viewer with the notion of the objectification of the decease[d] feminine body as object to-be-looked-at. This necessitated the inclusion of seminal theories developed by the French theorist, Julia Kristeva (1982) on the abject and the Russian theorist, Mikhail Bakhtin (1968) on the grotesque.
Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2016.
Visual Arts
MA
Unrestricted

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Çaylak, Kayaturan Gökçe. "Representing shortest paths in graphs using Bloom filters without false positives and applications to routing in computer networks." Thesis, University of Essex, 2018. http://repository.essex.ac.uk/22334/.

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A Bloom filter is data structure for representing sets in a compressed form, which has many applications. Bloom filters save time and space, but produce errors known as false positives. In this thesis, a new approach is suggested. Instead of choosing labels for edges in graphs at random (as is done in the standard Bloom filter approach), labels for edges are chosen based on the graph and the position of an edge in the graph. It is shown that under some assumptions (the graph is known, and only shortest paths are encoded), there will be no false positives leading to a message being delivered to a wrong node.

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Stock, Kristin Mary. "A new method for representing and translating the semantics of hetrogenous spatial databases." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2000.

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Middleton, Victor Eaton. "Imperfect Situation Analysis: Representing the Role of Error and Uncertainty in Modeling, Simulation and Analysis." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1401726956.

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Horowitz, Damon Matthew. "Representing musical knowledge." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/61530.

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Dinakar, Karthik. "Lensing Machines : representing perspective in machine learning." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/112523.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2017.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis. Due to the condition of the original material with text runs off the edges of the pages, the reproduction may have unavoidable flaws.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 167-172).
Generative models are venerated as full probabilistic models that randomly generate observable data given a set of latent variables that cannot be directly observed. They can be used to simulate values for variables in the model, allowing analysis by synthesis or model criticism, towards an iterative cycle of model specification, estimation, and critique. However, many datasets represent a combination of several viewpoints - different ways of looking at the same data that leads to various generalizations. For example, a corpus that has data generated by multiple people may be mixtures of several perspectives and can be viewed with different opinions by others. It isn't always possible to represent the viewpoints by clean separation, in advance, of examples representing each perspective and train a separate model for each point of view. In this thesis, we introduce lensing, a mixed-initiative technique to (i) extract lenses or mappings between machine-learned representations and perspectives of human experts, and (2) generate lensed models that afford multiple perspectives of the same dataset. We explore lensing of latent variable model in their configuration, parameter and evidential spaces. We apply lensing to three health applications, namely imbuing the perspectives of experts into latent variable models that analyze adolescent distress and crisis counseling.
by Karthik Dinakar.
Ph. D.

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Embretsén, Niklas. "Representing Voices Using Convolutional Neural Network Embeddings." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-261415.

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In today’s society services centered around voices are gaining popularity. Being able to provide the users with voices they like, to obtain and sustain their attention, is of importance for enhancing the overall experience of the service. Finding an efficient way of representing voices such that similarity comparisons can be performed is therefore of great use. In the field of Natural Language Processing great progress has been made using embeddings from Deep Learning models to represent words in an unsupervised fashion. These representations managed to capture the semantics of the words. This thesis sets out to explore whether such embeddings can be found for audio data as well, more specifically voices from narrators of audiobooks, that captures similarities between different voices. For this two different Convolutional Neural Networks are developed and evaluated, trained on spectrogram representations of the voices. One is performing regular classification while the other one uses pairwise relationships and a Kullback–Leibler divergence based loss function, in an attempt to minimize and maximize the difference of the output between similar and dissimilar pairs of samples. From these models the embeddings used to represent each sample are extracted from the different layers of the fully connected part of the network during the evaluation. Both an objective and a subjective evaluation is performed. During the objective evaluation of the models it is first investigated whether the found embeddings are distinct for the different narrators, as well as if the embeddings do encode information about gender. The regular classification model is then further evaluated through a user test, as it achieved an order of magnitude better results during the objective evaluation. The user test sets out to evaluate whether the found embeddings capture information based on perceived similarity. It is concluded that the proposed approach has the potential to be used for representing voices in a way such that similarity is encoded, although more extensive testing, research and evaluation has to be performed to know for sure. For future work it is proposed to perform more sophisticated pre-proceessing of the data and also to collect and include data about relationships between voices during the training of the models.
I dagens samhälle ökar populariteten för röstbaserade tjänster. Att kunna förse användare med röster de tycker om, för att fånga och behålla deras uppmärksamhet, är därför viktigt för att förbättra användarupplevelsen. Att hitta ett effektiv sätt att representera röster, så att likheter mellan dessa kan jämföras, är därför av stor nytta. Inom fältet språkteknologi i maskininlärning har stora framstegs gjorts genom att skapa representationer av ord från de inre lagren av neurala nätverk, så kallade neurala nätverksinbäddningar. Dessa representationer har visat sig innehålla semantiken av orden. Denna uppsats avser att undersöka huruvida liknande representationer kan hittas för ljuddata i form av berättarröster från ljudböcker, där likhet mellan röster fångas upp. För att undersöka detta utvecklades och utvärderades två faltningsnätverk som använde sig av spektrogramrepresentationer av röstdata. Den ena modellen är konstruerad som en vanlig klassificeringsmodell, tränad för att skilja mellan uppläsare i datasetet. Den andra modellen använder parvisa förhållanden mellan datapunkterna och en Kullback–Leibler divergensbaserad optimeringsfunktion, med syfte att minimera och maximera skillnaden mellan lika och olika par av datapunkter. Från dessa modeller används representationer från de olika lagren av nätverket för att representera varje datapunkt under utvärderingen. Både en objektiv och subjektiv utvärderingsmetod används. Under den objektiva utvärderingen undersöks först om de funna representationerna är distinkta för olika uppläsare, sedan undersöks även om dessa fångar upp information om uppläsarens kön. Den vanliga klassificeringsmodellen utvärderas också genom ett användartest, eftersom den modellen nådde en storleksordning bättre resultat under den objektiva utvärderingen. Syftet med användartestet var att undersöka om de funna representationerna innehåller information om den upplevda likheten mellan rösterna. Slutsatsen är att det föreslagna tillvägagångssättet har potential till att användas för att representera röster så att information om likhet fångas upp, men att det krävs mer omfattande testning, undersökning och utvärdering. För framtida studier föreslås mer sofistikerad förbehandling av data samt att samla in och använda sig av data kring förhållandet mellan röster under träningen av modellerna.

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31

Davis, Marc Eliot. "Media streams--representing video for retrieval and repurposing." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/29088.

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32

Hätty, Niklas. "Representing attacks in a cyber range." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Programvara och system, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-159838.

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Trained security experts can be a mitigating factor to sophisticated cyberattacks that aim to violate the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of information. Reproducible sessions in a safe training environment is an effective way of increasing the excellence of security experts. One approach to achieving this is by using cyber ranges, which essentially is a set of hardware nodes that can virtually represent a large organization or system. The Swedish Defense Research Agency (FOI) develops and maintains a fully functioning cyber range and has the ability to automatically deploy sophisticated attacks against organizations and systems represented in this cyber range through a system called SVED. In this thesis, the capability to deploy different types of cyberattacks through SVED against virtual organizations in a cyber range, CRATE, is investigated. This is done by building a dataset of publicly disclosed security incidents from a database and attempting to represent each of them in SVED, and subsequently instantiating these attack representations against organizations in CRATE. The results show that the prevalence of at least one CVE-entry (Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures) in the incident description is a key factor to be able to represent an attack in SVED. When such an entry does exist, SVED is likely able to implement a representation of the attack. However, for certain type of attacks a CVE-entry is not enough to determine how an attack was carried out, which is why some attacks are harder to implement in SVED. This was the case for Denial of Service (DoS) attacks, which are too reliant on infrastructure rather than one or more vulnerabilities, and SQL injections, which are more reliant on the implementation of database access. Finally, CRATE is able to handle almost all attacks implemented in SVED, given that the correct vulnerable application software is installed on at least one machine in one of the organizations in CRATE.

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33

Docquier, David. "Representing grounding-line dynamics in Antarctic ice-sheet models." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209400.

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Since the mid-20th century, global average temperatures have dramatically risen mostly due to the increasing amount of greenhouse gas emissions in the atmosphere. The effects of this recent global warming are already evident and could be exacerbated in the near future if no real action is taken. Recent ice loss in West Antarctica, monitored by satellite measurements and other techniques, gives cause for concern in such a warming world. A major part of this loss has been driven by warm water masses penetrating underneath the ice shelves in this region. This has led to a flow acceleration of the inland outlet glaciers and a greater discharge of ice to the ocean. The actual resulting contribution of West Antarctica to sea-level rise is estimated to be around 0.2 mm per year between 1992 and 2011, i.e. about one third of the ice-sheet contribution (Antarctica and Greenland), and is expected to increase in the near future.

In this thesis, we first clearly demonstrate that modeling grounding-line (the boundary between grounded and floating ice) migration depends on both the numerical approach and the physical approximation of the ice-sheet model used. Ice-sheet models prescribing the ice flux at the grounding line and using appropriate physical level and numerical approach converge to the same steady-state grounding-line position irrespective of the grid size used. However, the transient behavior of those models is less accurate than other models and leads to an overestimated grounding-line discharge. Therefore, they need to be used with particular attention on short time scales. Furthermore, the non-inclusion of vertical shear stress in those models increases the effective viscosity and gives steady-state grounding-line positions further downstream when compared to full-Stokes models.

The second major finding of this thesis is the high control of geometry (glacier width and bedrock topography) on Thwaites Glacier, one of the fastest-flowing outlet glaciers in West Antarctica. A flowline finite-difference Shallow-Shelf Approximation (SSA) model is applied to the glacier and shows that ice-flow convergence (through width parameterization) slows down the grounding-line retreat when compared to simulations where the width is constant. A new buttressing parameterization is also tested on the glacier and permits a better understanding of this effect. Finally, the three-dimensional version of the model above is applied to Thwaites Glacier and highlights the strong control of lateral variations in bedrock topography on grounding-line migration./Depuis le milieu du 20e siècle, les températures moyennes globales ont fortement augmenté principalement à cause de l'augmentation des émissions de gaz à effet de serre d'origine humaine. Les effets de ce réchauffement global récent sont déjà détectables et pourraient s'accentuer dans un futur proche si aucune mesure réelle n'est prise. La perte récente de glace en Antarctique de l'Ouest, enregistrée par mesures satellites et d'autres techniques, est préoccupante dans un monde qui se réchauffe. Une grande partie de cette perte de glace est due à la pénétration de masses d'eau chaude sous les plateformes de glace flottante dans cette région. Cela engendre une accélération de l'écoulement des glaciers émissaires et une plus grande décharge de glace vers l'océan. Ainsi, la contribution récente à la hausse du niveau de la mer de l'Antarctique de l'Ouest s'élève à environ 0.2 mm par an entre 1992 et 2011, c'est-à-dire près du tiers de la contribution des calottes glaciaires (Antarctique et Groenland). On estime que cette contribution va continuer à augmenter dans le futur proche.

Dans cette thèse, nous démontrons clairement que la modélisation de la migration de la ligne d'ancrage (frontière entre glaces posée et flottante) dépend de l'approche numérique et de l'approximation physique du modèle cryosphérique utilisé. Les modèles cryosphériques qui prescrivent le flux glaciaire à la ligne d'ancrage et qui utilisent un niveau de physique et une approche numérique appropriés convergent vers la même position d'équilibre de la ligne d'ancrage quelle que soit la taille de maille utilisée. Cependant, le comportement transitoire de ces modèles est moins précis que d'autres modèles et mène à une surestimation du flux à la ligne d'ancrage. Dès lors, ces modèles doivent être utilisés avec précaution sur de courtes périodes de temps. De plus, la non inclusion des contraintes verticales de cisaillement dans ces modèles augmente la viscosité effective et donne des positions d'équilibre de la ligne d'ancrage plus en aval en comparaison avec les modèles « full-Stokes ».

La seconde découverte majeure de cette thèse est le contrôle important exercé par la géométrie (largeur du glacier et topographie du lit rocheux) sur Thwaites Glacier, l'un des glaciers émissaires les plus rapides en Antarctique de l'Ouest. Un modèle « Shallow-Shelf Approximation » (SSA) résolvant les différences finies le long d'une ligne d'écoulement est appliqué au glacier et montre que la convergence de l'écoulement glaciaire (au travers de la paramétrisation de la largeur) ralentit le retrait de la ligne d'ancrage comparé aux simulations où la largeur est constante. Une nouvelle paramétrisation de l'effet arc-boutant est testée sur le glacier et permet de mieux comprendre cet effet. Finalement, la version en trois dimensions du modèle ci-dessus est appliquée à Thwaites Glacier et met en évidence le contrôle important des variations latérales de l'altitude du lit rocheux sur la migration de la ligne d'ancrage.
Doctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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34

Sherman, Steven Jay. "A Process-Oriented Ontology for Representing Software Engineering Project Knowledge." NSUWorks, 2009. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/gscis_etd/302.

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Organizational project knowledge is not being captured, consolidated, and organized, making it difficult to learn from past projects, expose the knowledge of the most experienced people, or share experience across geographic project locations. The lack of an ontology for representing this comprehensive project store inhibits its creation and the development of tools to operate on it. Process-orientation links organizational resources or artifacts with process phases and workflow. A process-orientation in knowledge management can be used to add contextual metadata to knowledge artifacts. Context can be used to improve information retrieval precision. Therefore, the study proposed a process-oriented ontology to improve the transfer of software engineering project knowledge. Four questions guided the research: What knowledge about projects should be captured? Are all project artifacts necessary and are they all equally valuable? How can process-orientation be applied to a software engineering project knowledge ontology? Are current knowledge representation languages appropriate for the task? Can software development project knowledge, as represented by this ontology, be captured and retrieved effectively in a KMS? Literature research and an empirical laboratory study answered all of the questions: Four areas of project knowledge are particularly valuable in terms of their impact on project success; requirements, revisions, risks, and resolutions. These areas also cover a meaningful breadth of software engineering project knowledge. A process abstraction was created that breaks a project down into eleven phases. These phases were the basis for a class definition that was added as a peer class to the knowledge artifacts. Using Protégé, the Process-Oriented Ontology for Software Engineering (POSE) was successfully implemented in OWL-DL. Project knowledge from a software organization was used to construct two knowledgebases: one using Google Desktop and the other using Protégé and POSE. Results demonstrated that software engineering project knowledge, as represented by POSE, can be effectively captured and retrieved. POSE-enhanced search was superior to keyword search. Google was comparable in broad text search. But the benefits of metadata and semantics proved to have significant advantages for ontologies. Process-orientation was also validated as a contributor to improved classification and retrieval.

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von, Oldenburg Tim. "Representing bicycle-based interaction: An interaction design exploration into bicycling research." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-21838.

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In public spaces, we constantly interact with each other - whether we are aware of it or not. Most of these interactions are indirect and subtle, ranging from flâneurial people-watching, over negotiation of turns in urban traffic, to passive aggression. This is not only true for pedestrians, but equally so for bicyclists.Bicycling is an embodied and social practice. When designing for cycle-based experiences, interaction designers face many problems while conducting research: mobility is always on the move and therefore hard to capture; the fleeting moments of interaction are almost imperceptible to the eye; and verbal accounts of bicyclists cannot represent the experiential qualities of a ride properly.While there exists a history of ethnographic studies into bicyclists' behaviour, it proves to be difficult to enquire into these more subtle interactions. More conventional representations of experience, such as video, fail to capture many of the qualities inherent in taking a ride and being 'out there'. It would be naive to neglect these qualities in our research when designing for cycle-based interaction.This thesis builds on the work of ethnographers and designers engaged in bicycling research. It explores new ways of enquiry that help researchers find out what really happens on the saddle and beyond.

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Vorvick, Janet. "Evaluable Functions in the Godel Programming Language: Parsing and Representing Rewrite Rules." PDXScholar, 1995. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/5195.

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The integration of a functional component into a logic language extends the expressive power of the language. One logic language which would benefit from such an extension is Godel, a prototypical language at the leading edge of the research in logic programming. We present a modification of the Godel parser which enables the parsing of evaluable functions in Godel. As the first part of an extended Godel, the parser produces output similar to the output from the original Godel parser, ensuring that Godel modules are properly handled by the extended-Godel parser. Parser output is structured to simplify, as much as possible, the future task of creating an extended compiler implementing evaluation of functions using narrowing. We describe the structure of the original Godel parser, the objects produced by it, the modifications made for the implementation of the extended Godel and the motivation for those modifications. The ultimate goal of this research is production of a functional component for Godel which evaluates user-defined functions with needed narrowing, a strategy which is sound, complete, and optimal for inductively sequential rewrite systems.

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37

Buchanan, Candice L. "An Extension to the Information System Architecture Framework for Eliciting and Representing System Requirements." NSUWorks, 1997. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/gscis_etd/433.

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This paper explains how management should be able to describe to others the problem they want to resolve or the opportunity they wish to take advantage of in terms of their needs, desires, and anticipated results. This statement of the problem or opportunity is the basis for eliciting and representing the system requirements for those problems and opportunities that require an automated solution (i.e., an information system). The goal of this dissertation was to minimize and eliminate, where feasible, the major issues and problems associated with the elicitation and representation of system requirements. A System Requirements Knowledge Structure and an Extended Information System (ISA) Framework were developed to assist in identifying, defining, and specifying system requirements. The System Requirements Knowledge Structure consists of a set of graphic representations and narratives that identify the types of system requirements that should be considered when defining the requirements for an information system and it serves as a model to use when identifying, articulating, defining, and classifying system requirements. The Extended ISA Framework serves as a model to use when describing, conveying, sharing, validating, and verifying system requirements. The Extended ISA Framework is based on the Information System Architecture Framework, developed initially by John Zachman (1987) and later extended by John Sowa and John Zachman (1992). The ISA Framework and Extended ISA Framework are based on the six Basic English interrogatories: Who, What, Where, When, How, and Why. They represent the columns in a table that describes the real world, while the rows capture the different perspectives of the parties involved in the development of an information system. More specifically, the top two rows of the Extended ISA Framework (which consists of nine models) represent information about an organization, and the third row (which consists of seven models) reveals the initial definition of the technology to be used to develop or enhance one or more information systems.

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Kartofel, Roy Alexis Rodenstein 1975. "Talking in circles : representing place and situation in an online social environment." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/61845.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2000.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 61-66).
This thesis presents work focused on the creation of a sociable space for communication online. Sociable communication requires the ability to converse with others using simple and meaningful mechanisms, supporting flexibility and expressiveness. Equally important is the ability for people to read the space they inhabit and make sense of it in socially significant ways, such as people watching to observe others' interests and interaction styles. A third key to sociable communication is emphasis on identity and embodiment, giving participants a strong sense of themselves and others through their online representations. These issues are approached through research in areas ranging from sociology to urban architecture, directed at finding bases for the design of capabilities that are useful and engaging in the context of computer support for distributed multiparty communication. The result of this research is Talking in Circles, a graphical audio conferencing environment that employs abstract graphics for representation and provides lightweight access to multiple expressive modes. This thesis discusses foundations for work towards sociable communication online as well as the design and implementation processes involved in the creation of the Talking in Circles system. User experiences with the system, lessons learned and directions for further research into sociable communication are then detailed.
by Roy Alexis Rodenstein Kartofel.
S.M.

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39

Berglind, Lotta. "Användbarhetsexpertens roll som representant och medlare i systemutvecklingsprocesser." Thesis, University of Skövde, Department of Computer Science, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-838.

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I denna rapport talas det om användbarhetsexpertens roll som representant för användaren,medlare av termen användbarhet samt medlare mellan användaren och andra yrkesroller i en systemutvecklingsprocess. Denna roll har många gånger en tendens till att inte få tillräckligt med gehör av andra yrkesroller i utvecklingsprojekt. Det finns flera olika faktorer som kan bidra till detta. Vad som framkom i resultatet var en bekräftelse på att användbarhetsexpertens

roll är viktig i fråga om representering och medling. Vad gäller faktorn samarbete anser respondenterna att samarbetet för det mesta fungerar bra mellan dem och andra yrkesroller. Samarbete ses därmed inte som en faktor som påverkar gehöret för en användbarhetsexperts roll i systemutvecklingsprocesser. Respondenterna tycker däremot att de inte alltid får gehör för sin roll som användbarhetsexpert fast att de tycker att samarbetet med andra yrkesroller fungerar bra. En faktor som bidrar till

detta är den svårdefinierade termen användbarhet.

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40

Curram, Stephen Paul. "Representing intelligent decision making in discrete event simulation : a stochastic neural network approach." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1997. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/59461/.

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The problem of representing decision making behaviour in discrete event simulation was investigated. Of particular interest was modelling variety in the decisions, where different people might make different decisions even where the same circumstances hold. An initial investigation of existing and alternative approaches for representing decision making was carried out. This led to the suggestion of using a neural network to represent the decision making behaviour in the form of a multi-criteria probability distribution based on data of observed decision making. The feasibility of the stochastic neural network approach was investigated. Models were fitted using artificial data from discrete and continuous distributions that included the shape parameters as inputs, and tested against known results from the distributions. Also a bank simulation was used to collect data from volunteers who controlled the queuing decisions of customers inside the bank. Models of their behaviour were created and implemented in the bank simulation to automate the decision making of customers. The investigation established the feasibility of the approach, although it indicated the need for substantial amounts of data showing examples of decision making. A hybrid model that combined the stochastic neural network approach with a rule-based approach allowed the development of more general models of decision making behaviour.

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41

BERGGREN, PATRIK. "Efficient features for representing hand shape in images : By using linear projections in the HOG feature space." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-154043.

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This thesis explores hand pose estimation, which means mapping a 2D imageto a hand pose. Hand pose estimation has many promising applications suchas hand sign recognition, robotic learning by demonstration, and human computer interaction in general. To do the estimation, image features are extracted from the image and a mapping to the space of hand poses is the nconstructed. Ideally the mapping from image features to pose space would be one-to-one, but in reality it is rather a many-to-many mapping leadingto ambiguities. This is due to the image feature not capturing the actualpose, but the form of the 2D projection of the hand. Hands may also occludeparts of itself which also leads to ambiguities. This thesis explores ways in which to improve the commonly used image feature HOG (Histogram of Oriented Gradients), by capturing the HOG subspace used by hand images, to obtain a feature whose mapping to pose space is more well-behaved than that of the HOG feature. The new feature is computed as projection on anddistances to lines in HOG space. The new feature’s performance is tested against the HOG feature using nearest neighbour (NN) regression and the results show that the new feature does not yet perform as well as the HOG feature. Nevertheless, the conclusion is that the new feature, called MPDD,for Multiple Projection and Distance Dimensions, does indeed capture the most relevant information in HOG, but fail to use it as well as the HOG does with the current construction method. However, constructing the MPDD in a slightly different way could potentially lead to improvements and so future research could still be of interest.
Effektiva visuella formdeskriptorer för handigenkänning. Denna masteruppsats undersöker handposestimering där en 2D bild används för att rekonstruera en handpos, vilken beskrivs av hur handlederna är vinklade. Handposestimering har många potentiella användningsområden varav några är teckenspråksigenkänning, robotinlärning från demonstrationer, men även människa-datorinteraktion i allmänhet. För att göra översättningen från bild till handpos extraheras först bildegenskaper (image-features) varpå en mappning till posrummet (alla möjliga poser) konstrueras. Den önskade egenskapen hos en mappning till posrummet är framförallt att den är one-to-one,men i verkligheten innehåller den normalt tvetydigheter. Detta beror bland annat på att bildegenskaperna inte beskriver själva handposen utan enbart formen av 2D projektionen av en hand. Förutom det så kan händer även skymma delar av sig själva vilket också leder till tvetydigheter i mappningen från bildegenskaper till posrummet. Målet med denna uppsats är ändå att undersöka sätt att förbättra den vanligt använd bildegenskap HOG (Histogramof Oriented Gradients) genom att använda det delrum hos HOG deskriptorerna som upptas av handbilder. Den nya bildegenskapen konstrueras genom projektioner och avståndsberäkningar till linjer i HOG rummet som motsvarar handrörelser. Den föreslagna bildegenskapen testas mot HOG med NN(Nearest neighbour) regression och resultatet visar att HOG presterar bästmed den nuvarande konstruktionen av den nya bildegenskapen. Slutsatsen är dock att den nya deskriptorn, kallad MPDD för Multiple Projection and Distance dimensions, lyckas fånga det relevanta delrummet av HOG, men misslyckas med att använda informationen i denna. Detta innebär sannolikt att sättet som MPDD konstrueras på i denna mastersuppsats antagligen bör förändras även om en liknande idé kan räcka för att uppnå samma eller bättre resultat än HOG.

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Nakano, Hiroaki. "Graphical Narrative Interfaces: Representing Spatiotemporal Information for a Human-Robot Team with a Highly Autonomous Robot." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2016. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6054.

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Having a well-developed Graphical User Interface (GUI) is often necessary for a human-robot team, especially when the human and the robot are not in close proximity to each other or when the human does not interact with the robot in real time. Most current GUIs process and display information in real time, but the time to interact with these systems does not scale well when the complexity of the displayed information increases or when information must be fused to support decision-making. We propose a new interface concept, a Graphical Narrative Interface (GNI), which presents story-based summaries driven by accumulated data. This thesis (a) uses literature and preliminary GNI designs to identify a set of design requirements for easily managing spatiotemporal information, (b) presents a set of algorithms designed to satisfy these requirements, (c) evaluates the utility and limitations of these algorithms, (d) describes a prototype GNI that combines these algorithms with a graphical interface, and (e) compares the GNI and a GUI through a user study and evaluates the efficiency of the GNI.

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43

BERGGREN, PATRIK. "Efficient features for representing hand shape inimages : By using linear projections in the HOG feature space." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-156305.

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This thesis explores hand pose estimation, which means mapping a 2D image to a hand pose. Hand pose estimation has many promising applications such as hand sign recognition, robotic learning by demonstration, and human-computer-interaction in general. To do the estimation, image features are extracted from the image and a mapping to the space of hand poses is then constructed. Ideally the mapping from image features to pose space would be one-to-one, but in reality it is rather a many-to-many mapping leading to ambiguities. This is due to the image feature not capturing the actualpose, but the form of the 2D projection of the hand. Hands may also occludeparts of itself which also leads to ambiguities. This thesis explores waysin which to improve the commonly used image feature HOG (Histogram of Oriented Gradients), by capturing the HOG subspace used by hand images,to obtain a feature whose mapping to pose space is more well-behaved than that of the HOG feature. The new feature is computed as projection on and distances to lines in HOG space. The new feature’s performance is tested against the HOG feature using nearest neighbour (NN) regression and the results show that the new feature does not yet perform as well as the HOG feature. Never the less, the conclusion is that the new feature, called MPDD, for Multiple Projection and Distance Dimensions, does indeed capture the most relevant information in HOG, but fail to use it as well as the HOG does with the current construction method. However, constructing the MPDD ina slightly different way could potentially lead to improvements and so future research could still be of interest.
Denna masteruppsats undersöker handposestimering där en 2D bild används för att rekonstruera en handpos, vilken beskrivs av hur handlederna är vinklade. Handposestimering har många potentiella användningsområden varav några är teckenspråksigenkänning, robotinlärning från demonstrationer, men även människa-datorinteraktion i allmänhet. För att göra översättningen från bild till handpos extraheras först bildegenskaper (image-features) varpå en mappning till posrummet (alla möjliga poser) konstrueras. Den önskade egenskapen hos en mappning till posrummet är framförallt att den är one-to-one,men i verkligheten innehåller den normalt tvetydigheter. Detta beror bland annat på att bild- egenskaperna inte beskriver själva handposen utan enbart formen av 2D projektionen av en hand. Förutom det så kan händer även skymma delar av sig själva vilket också leder till tvetydigheter i mappningen från bildegenskaper till posrummet. Målet med denna uppsats är ändå att undersöka sätt att förbättra den vanligt använd bildegenskap HOG (Histogramof Oriented Gradients) genom att använda det delrum hos HOG deskriptorerna som upptas av handbilder. Den nya bildegenskapen konstrueras genom projektioner och avståndsberäkningar till linjer i HOG rummet som motsvarar handrörelser. Den föreslagna bildegenskapen testas mot HOG med NN(Nearest neighbour) regression och resultatet visar att HOG presterar bäst med den nuvarande konstruktionen av den nya bildegenskapen. Slutsatsen är dock att den nya deskriptorn, kallad MPDD för Multiple Projection and Distance dimensions, lyckas fånga det relevanta delrummet av HOG, men misslyckas med att använda informationen i denna. Detta innebär sannolikt att sättet som MPDD konstrueras på i denna mastersuppsats antagligen bör förändras även om en liknande idé kan räcka för att uppnå samma eller bättre resultat än HOG.

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44

McLennan, Sarah Elizabeth. "Promoting Tourism, Selling a Nation: The Politics of Representing National Identity in the United States 1930-1960." W&M ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539624012.

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Promoting Tourism, Selling a Nation: The Politics of Representing National Identity in the United States 1930-1960, focuses on tourism and public culture in the United States, examining how institutions and public sites interpret their history, and the impact these representations have on community and national identity. The project centers on the United States Travel Bureau, the first federal agency tasked with promoting U.S. tourism on a national scale. Through its publicity campaigns, the Bureau attempted to distill the diversity of communities and traditions in the United States into a cohesive vision of American identity and heritage---one it promoted both at home and abroad---as the United States became a major player in world affairs and redefined its place in an international context. Balancing analysis of federal campaigns with case studies of two commemorative events, the 1939 Golden Gate International Exposition in San Francisco and the 350th Anniversary of Jamestown, Virginia in 1957, the project explores this process of cultural representation, examining how federal, state, and different groups at the local level vied to assert their visions, and the politics that shaped which voices were included and which left out.;Though a critical period in tourism history for the United States, the mid-twentieth century has largely fallen into a historiographical gap, between studies that focus on early developments from the nineteenth century into the 1920s, and those that examine the era of mass tourism beginning in the 1950s. New Deal projects and programs are most often treated in literature confined to the years of the Great Depression. By tracing the development and influence of national tourism promotion from the late New Deal through the early Cold War era, this project bridges that gap, and considers how elements of 1920s business culture and community advertising, New Deal government programs, and developments in historic preservation and the interpretation of heritage sites all combined to shape representations of national culture.

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Vink, Luke (Luke Alexander Jozef). "Materiality in suspense : exploring radical interfaces capable of representing multiple physical property transformations to enable computational, physical material perception." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/107548.

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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, September 2016.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 86-89).
Years after the inception of the Radical Atoms vision, significant advances in technology have seen to dynamic tangible interfaces that bridge the biological and micromechanical to enable radical physical interaction with computation. With an increasing multi-modal complexity in such interfaces, this thesis explores a new methodologies and frameworks to designing input/output coincident and physically embodied computers. New types of Shape Changing Interfaces introduce physical perception of material properties to dynamic shape with physically accurate force feedback and introduce Radical Materiality as a way to afford physical interactions with a rendered object. Finally, the Radical Reality Test is proposed as an objective for such interfaces to eventually become indistinguishable from the physical entity or behavior they are computationally and dynamically imitating.
by Luke Vink.
S.M.

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46

Bilmes, Jeffrey Adam. "Timing is of the essence : perceptual and computational techniques for representing, learning, and reproducing expressive timing in percussive rhythm." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/62091.

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Ates, Gulbin Aysi. "Representing Centre-right Or Conservative Right? The Case Of The Democratic Party In Turkey, 1970-1980." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614459/index.pdf.

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The Democratic Party which was established in 1970, splitting from the Justice Party will be analyzed within this thesis in terms of its ideological components. In this sense, centre right wing and conservative political parties are taken into account to understand the ideology of the party. The period of the Democratic Party is so sufficient to compare and contrast the ideologies of different parties. The Democratic Party is also critical as the party did not participate into any governments, different from the all parties at that period. So, it will show a centre right wing party&rsquo
s reactions in the absence of patronage routes which is a difference from other members of the centre right wing tradition of the DP and the JP. The absence of the concrete ideological explanations, doctrines which can be observed as an handicap of the centre right wing will be analyzed whether the Democratic Party can overcome or not.

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48

Gårdmark, Cornelia. "Uppfattningen om EU:s roll i världen : En jämförande studie av två av unionens utrikeschefer." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-434732.

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The process of building the identity of the European union in the world is constantly ongoing. The common foreign and security policy of the union conveys the purpose of the external actions of the EU, led by the foreign policy chief. Hence, the role that the union is ascribed by the foreign policy chief is of great interest to foreign policy analysis. The purpose of the study is to investigate the differences in role conception of the EU between two EU foreign policy chiefs: Catherine Ashton and Federica Mogherini. The study applies Holsti’s theory of national role conception, which was developed to suit leaders of countries. The study is an exploratory, comparative case study applying qualitative content analysis on official speeches. The quotes expressing different role conceptions were sorted into different role categories, followed by a comparison within each role category between the foreign policy chiefs. The result of the study indicates Ashton standing out by perceiving EU’s role to be an active actor in neighbourhood of the union, as well as the importance of economic aspects in EU’s external role. Mogherini is distinctive by emphasizing the importance of the EU ensuring the security of the union. The signification of this study’s result is proving Holsti’s theory being applicable beyond countries - this time on the EU. Demonstrating differences in role conception of the two foreign policy chiefs, also shows that the role that the union is ascribed by the foreign policy chief differs depending on who is holding the position in question. One out of many hypotheses that can be formulated in order to explain the demonstrated differences in role conception, is the leader’s background in countries with differing views of the EU. To test this hypothesis as well as formulating others, further research is welcome.

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Krång, Maria, and Tova Dahlgren. "Guds representant på jorden : frikyrkliga och icke kristna ungdomars upplevelse och hantering av stress." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen för Pedagogik, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-19308.

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Bakgrund till studien: I och med uppkomsten av ett modernt, eller senmodernt, samhällehar förutsättningarna förändrats dramatiskt för den enskilde individen som tvingas handskas med en stress och kravfylld verklighet för att få en plats i samhället. Det är denna verklighet som ungdomen av idag möter och tvingas bemästra. Sett till de ökade kraven och den förhöjda stressen tyckte vi det var intressant att undersöka hur tron på en gud påverkar upplevelsen och hanteringen av stress för dessa ungdomar. Har man som frikyrklig en bättre grund att stå på i jämförelse med icke kristna ungdomar och påverkas detta av hur man låter sin identitet komma till uttryck?Syfte: Syftet med vår uppsats är att undersöka om det finns någon skillnad mellan de intervjuade frikyrkliga ungdomarna och de intervjuade icke kristna ungdomarna i hurderas identitet tar sig i uttryck, sett till relationer, andlighet, intressen, åsikter samt val av klädstil? Ytterligare ett syfte är att ta reda på om det finns någon skillnad mellan dessa två grupper vad gäller upplevelsen av stress. Slutligen vill vi undersöka om det finns någon skillnad grupperna emellan i hur de hanterar den stress de upplever.Frågeställningar: Finns det någon skillnad mellan de två intervjuade grupperna i hur deras identitet tar sig i uttryck, sett till relationer, andlighet, intressen, åsikter samt val av klädstil? Finns det någon skillnad mellan de två intervjuade grupperna vad gäller upplevelsen av stress? Finns det någon skillnad mellan de två intervjuade grupperna i hur de hanterar sin upplevda stress?Metod och material: Vi har använt oss av kvalitativ metod med intervju i vår undersökning. Sammantaget har vi intervjuat tio respondenter, varav fem var frikyrkliga och resterande fem var icke kristna. Samtliga undersökta var i åldern 20-24 år.Huvudresultat: Det som enligt oss varit synligt är att frikyrkliga ungdomar tenderar att känna och visa mer empati i jämförelse med den icke kristna gruppen. Som en konsekvens av deras kristna värderingar känner de en medkänsla för omvärlden och oroar sig för mänskligheten, medan de icke kristna mer har fokus på det egna livet och det som står dem närmast. De frikyrkligas fokusering på meningen med livet samt, relationer och medmänsklighet medför, enligt oss, att de känner en högre grad av stress och då framförallt långtidsrelaterad stress. De upplever att de måste vara goda kristna som gör världen bättre och känner krav på att alltid finnas där för andra, samt krav på att åstadkomma storheter i sitt liv. Bland de icke kristna kunde vi istället se mönster som pekade på att de utvecklat en blasé inställning till omvärlden, vilket gjorde att de upplevde en lägre grad av stress. Att de inte verkade bry sig om det utanför deras egna liv medförde, menar vi, att de kunde bemästra stressen på ett mer fullgott sätt eftersom ingenting berörde dem nämnvärt. Vid hanteringen av stress kunde vi se tendenser på att de frikyrkliga ungdomarna hade fler gynnsamma faktorer för att kunna bemästra stress i jämförelse med den icke kristna gruppen. Bland annat hade de ett högre socialt stöd och en större KASAM vilket skulle kunna vara en hjälp som leder till att de klarar av att ta inomvärlden och visa empati. De intervjuade frikyrkliga verkar således, enligt oss, ha enförmåga att möta fler stressorer eftersom de har faktorer som hjälper dem, medan de ickekristna ungdomarna visar tendenser till att inta ett blasé förhållningssätt till livet vilket skulle kunna vara en strategi för att klara av att möta stressen och kraven som finns i samhället.

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50

Bush, William Sebastian Smith Mark C. "Representing the juvenile delinquent reform, social science, and teenage troubles in postwar Texas /." 2004. http://repositories.lib.utexas.edu/bitstream/handle/2152/1884/bushws042.pdf.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Representing science'

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