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Kalend, Steven L., and n/a. "The evolution of secondary school representative sport in Australia (1977-1983)." University of Canberra. Education, 1985. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20060804.124742.
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For many years, considerable time and effort was devoted by
teachers in Australian schools to the organisation of sporting
activities for students. As a result, School Sports Associations were
formed in most Australian States early this century. These
Associations provided intra state and inter state competition on a
limited scale.
It was not until the early 1970's that any co-ordinated effort
was made to bring together all the States' and Territories' activities.
Regular meetings of Association Secretaries led to the formation of
the Australian State Secondary Schools Sports Council in 1973.
This was the beginning of a new era in secondary school
representative sport in Australia. The creation of a forum for States
to discuss matters of mutual interest resulted in a greater awareness
within school communities of the benefits provided by sporting
activities.
This generation of interest eventually led to the formation of
the Australian Secondary Schools Sports Federation in 1977. This
body, representing all States and Territories became identified as
the controlling body of secondary school sport in Australia and has
continued to develop this role over the years.
Since the formation of the Australian Secondary Schools Sports
Federation, there has been significant growth in representative
sporting activities, greater liaison and improved relations with
community groups and systematic generation of relevant policies aimed
at the betterment of school sport.
After several years of operation, the role of the Federation
was supplemented by the establishment of the Australian Schools Sports
Council. This body represents both Primary School and Secondary School
Sports Associations throughout Australia. After considerable effort,
the Council was successful in obtaining Commonwealth Government funding
for the employment of a National Executive Director to work full-time
on the promotion of school sport.
The years 1977-1983 saw dramatic growth in school sporting
activities in Australia. Many problems were encountered some of which
were ultimately solved. Other problems continue to occupy those who
work within the organisation and their solution would appear to be the
main task for the future.
2
Stevenson, Karl. "Representative task design in cricket batting." Thesis, University of Brighton, 2016. https://research.brighton.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/318a4c35-00df-45b2-a23d-eaeccc05f339.
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In recent years researchers have argued that in order to fully understand perceptual cognitive expertise in sports, representative tasks must be used to preserve the tightly coupled links between perception and action that experts exploit. Previously, tasks have been considered as representative or not, with little evidence existing to indicate the degree to which a task is representative enough. This thesis primarily aimed to investigate experimentally representative tasks in cricket batting and the degree to which a laboratory-based task of cricket batting was able to represent batters’ emergent perceptuo-motor behaviour for perceiving bowlers’ delivery length. A secondary aim was to re-evaluate perceptuo-motor behaviours thought to contribute to skilled performance and their development. In chapter 2 skilled batsmen’s foot movements were recorded in response to balls bowled to a range of lengths under in situ and video-based laboratory conditions. Kinematic analyses quantified decision-making skill and movement scaling. Analyses revealed the laboratory condition to have a high degree of fidelity. Skilled batter’s Foot movements were reliably replicated and differences were found compared to a novice group. In chapter 3, response mode, occlusion condition and skill level were compared on the representative laboratory test developed in chapter 2. Analyses identified that skilled performance was only aided by maintaining coupled responses under occluded conditions, whilst no differences were observed under un-occluded conditions. Skilled performers were also shown to possess greater anticipation skills compared with novices under both coupled and un-coupled conditions. In Chapter 4, the effects of manipulating information present in situ, through simulated ball flight, and fully simulated training aids were compared in a novel experimental paradigm. Skilled batsmen faced deliveries across a range of lengths from a bowler (in situ), from a bowling machine (simulated ball flight) and from a ProBatter simulator (fully simulated action and ball flight). Results showed that simulated ball flight condition resulted in foot movements that were closer to in situ than the fully simulated condition, suggesting that if present, the link between bowling action and ball flight needs to be tightly coupled. These results demonstrate for the first time that representative tasks must not be considered unilaterally as representative or not, but instead the degree of representativeness should be quantified and evaluated against the expert behaviour under investigation. Determination of the degree of representativeness would allow researchers to apply findings to the performance environment with greater knowledge of their potential impact.
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Wooten, Kelsey Dianne. "Gender Representation in Sports Illustrated for Kids." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/90412.
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Sport media has been a known producer of traditional gender images that reflect inequality between sexes. Sport media has been studied endlessly, but one aspect that has not fostered as much attention is sport media, advertising, and children. Sports Illustrated for Kids is the only sport media print magazine for children, with a readership age of 8-15 years old. Images and gender stereotypes have been used continuously by advertising companies to sell products to consumers. Children in particular cannot accurately determine between content that is meant to inform and content that is meant to sell. This study examined whether editorial and advertising images in Sports Illustrated for Kids reflects actual participation rates of athletic activities based on gender in issues from the past decade. Utilizing past research, this study looked at overall numbers and stereotypes by examining factors such as state of dress, photo angle, and motion in photograph. Findings show that females are still under and misrepresented in SIK. Even so, findings of this study suggest representation of women in team neutral sport such as soccer and basketball is on the rise. Findings could have implications for SIK's young readership as well as highlight a need for more education about advertising and editorial practices being implemented.<br>Master of Arts<br>Sport media has been a known producer of traditional gender images that reflect inequality between sexes. Sport media has been studied endlessly, but one aspect that has not fostered as much attention is sport media, advertising, and children. Sports Illustrated for Kids is the only sport media print magazine for children, with a readership age of 8-15 years old. Images and gender stereotypes have been used continuously by advertising companies to sell products to consumers. Children in particular cannot accurately determine between content that is meant to inform and content that is meant to sell. This study examined whether editorial and advertising images in Sports Illustrated for Kids reflects actual participation rates of athletic activities based on gender in issues from the past decade. Utilizing past research, this study looked at overall numbers and stereotypes by examining factors such as state of dress, photo angle, and motion in photograph. Findings show that females are still under and misrepresented in SIK. Even so, findings of this study suggest representation of women in team neutral sport such as soccer and basketball is on the rise. Findings could have implications for SIK’s young readership as well highlight a need for more education about advertising and editorial practices being implemented.
4
Clark, John Paul. "A study of turbulent-spot propagation in turbine-representative flows." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.336189.
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Andersson, Sara. "Women’s sports : A discourse analytic investigation into the representation of women in sports media." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för utbildning, kultur och kommunikation, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-47891.
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Language is affected by the society in which it is used. Men and women have not had the same status in society, which means that the language used about them may potentially be different. A domain in society that was created for men is sports, yet, nowadays women also feature in sports. The aim of this study is to explore how women and their performances in sports are represented in newspapers. Previous research in the field of language, gender and sports has found that women are not depicted in the same way as men (Lundquist Wanneberg, 2011; Bissel, 2006; Segrave, McDowell and King III, 2006). To study how women are represented in sports articles, six articles about female athletes were analyzed through Critical Discourse Analysis. The analysis was based on Fairclough and Wodak’s (2010) framework that focuses on the domains of representation, relations and identities. These domains were divided into five categories: terms used to refer to the athletes, attributes, performance, sport descriptions and emotions. This allowed an analysis which showed how the world of sports views women, how women are represented as athletes, and the relation between the athletes and their sports. The analysis showed that women are depicted as ‘female’ athletes, not just athletes. This could be found through the usage of, for example, the noun and possessive marker women’s, which is used as a premodifier to describe the sports throughout the texts. It was also found that the world of sports is normally one where men are active and therefore it had to be explained when women were excellent at their sport, even when compared to men. This could be found through the usage of explanatory language, which clearly stated that the female athletes in question are or can be better than men.
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Ballah, Youssouf Youssouf. "Étude comparée de la représentation sociale des marques de sport chez les sportifs français et djiboutiens : application au cas des footballeurs et athlètes." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCH024/document.
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Les phénomènes de « sportivisation » des sociétés contemporaines et le développement des moyens de technologies de l’information et de la communication ont permis aux marques de sport une ascension rapide et lucrative à l’échelle mondiale. De même, la surmédiatisation du sport et des célébrités sportives ne fait qu’accroitre cette tendance. De plus en plus, les gens ont tendance à consommer de façon émotionnelle, ce qui sous-tend des comportements individuels et collectifs.L’objectif de cette thèse est de mieux comprendre les comportements et les attitudes des sportifs consommateurs (Djiboutiens et Français) des marques de sport. Pour ce faire, elle utilise les « représentations sociales » (Moscovici, 1961) comme « grille » d’analyse qui permettra de mettre en évidence d’une part les cognitions partagées des consommateurs, et d’autre part, les stratégies marketing mises en place par les entreprises. Ce travail va permettre de comparer les relations sportifs-marques de sport des deux groupes de sujets différents du point de vue socioculturel, en l’occurrence les sportifs Français et les sportifs Djiboutiens.Deux études exploratoires, l’une qualitative (entretien semi-directif) et l’autre quantitative (association libre de mots) ont permis de récolter les premiers jeux des données auprès des sportifs (footballeurs et athlètes) Djiboutiens et Français. La première étude exploratoire a fait émerger les catégories de discours. Quant à la deuxième étude, elle a permis de définir le champ et la structure des représentations sociales. Enfin, une étude confirmatoire, via un modèle d’équations structurelles a permis de tester l’ensemble des hypothèses selon les marques, les sports pratiqués et selon l’appartenance nationale de groupes. In fine, les résultats n’ont pas révélé de différences significatives entre Adidas et Nike. De même, une dichotomie n’a pas été établie entre les représentations sociales des athlètes et les représentations sociales des footballeurs. Par contre, on constate des contrastes entre les représentations des sportifs en fonction de leurs appartenances nationales<br>The phenomena of "sportivization" of contemporary societies and the development of information and communication technologies have enabled sports brands to rise rapidly and profitably on a global scale. Similarly, the over-mediatization of sport and sports celebrities only increases this trend. More and more people tend to consume emotionally, which underlies individual and collective behaviours.The objective of this thesis is to understand better the behaviours and attitudes of sports consumers (Djiboutians and French) of sports brands. To do this, it uses "social representations" (Moscovici, 1961) as an analytical "grid" that will make it possible to highlight, on the one hand, the shared cognitions of consumers and, on the other hand, the marketing strategies put in place by companies. This work will make it possible to compare the sports relations of the two groups of different subjects from a socio-cultural point of view, in this case French and Djibouti sportsmen and women.Two exploratory studies, one qualitative (semi-directive interview) and the other quantitative (free association of words), made it possible to collect the first data sets from Djiboutians and French athletes (footballers and athletes). The first exploratory study revealed the categories of discourse. The second study defined the scope and structure of social representations. Finally, a confirmatory study, using a structural equation model, made it possible to test all the hypotheses according to brands, sports practised and the national affiliation of groups. In the end, the results did not reveal any significant differences between Adidas and Nike. Similarly, a dichotomy has not been established between the social representations of athletes and the social representations of footballers. On the other hand, there are contrasts between athletes' representations according to their national affiliation
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Desforges, L. C. "Travelling to Peru : representation, identity and place in British long-haul tourism." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1997. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1317646/.
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This thesis focuses on contemporary British travellers visiting Peru. It examines the investments in and uses of long-haul travel in the construction and narration of self-identity, in particular exploring the relationship between representations of place, travel practices and identities. Using literatures based in post-colonial theory and tourism studies, the thesis argues for the contribution which a study of the desires of 'First World' consumers can make to the wider project of understanding and intervening in tourism's socio-economic role in the modern world. The qualitative methodologies used in the thesis reflect the need to conceptualise tourists as actively constructing the 'imaginative geographies' of tourism. The use of both participant observation at tourist sites in Peru, and a series of in-depth interviews with returned travellers, provide an account of the important role of travel in the participants lives and the consequences for their travel practices. The empirical research undertaken for the thesis shows that travel is an important part of the ongoing construction of an 'autobiography' of the self by the travellers who took part in the project. In particular travel practices are associated with, and used to narrate, a sense of living a fulfilled life. The projects of travel to Peru are based in an 'authorisation' of travel as set of practices which provide 'direct' and 'unmediated' access to spatial difference, such as the 'authentic' Peru. In their material travel practices in Peru, travellers therefore have a very clear sense of the 'proper conduct' which they have to enact on the ground if they are to achieve this sense of fulfilment. The thesis concludes that by understanding the 'fetishisations' of place invested in by travellers, studies of tourist consumption open up new spaces for thinking about and intervening in the politics of travel.
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Ditscheit, Krista. "Differences in the television media's representation of men's and women's sports." Online version, 2000. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2000/2000ditscheitk.pdf.
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Evans, Claire Anne. "The media representation of Formula One as 'spectacle' : constructing sport as a live mediatised event." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2013. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/44837/.
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Using data from the 2008 Formula One motor racing World Championship, this thesis theorises live, televised sports events as discursively constructed "spectacles". The two key aims of the study are; (1) to contribute to our understanding of the organising principles and broadcast values in televisual representations of sports; and (2) to demonstrate how "spectacle‟ is created as a textual accomplishment. Data includes verbal commentaries, interviews, video footage, and onscreen graphics. The analysis is primarily informed by the notion of the „activity types‟ concept (Levinson, 1979), "recontextualisation‟ (Linell, 1998), and follows broadly the principles of grounded theory (Strauss and Corbin, 1998) and multimodal discourse analysis (Kress and van Leeuwen, 2006; Machin, 2007). The broadcasts are shown to be constructed as a sports-magazine that consists of a variety of mediatised activities and the study examines the mediatised event in relation to the organising principles of these activities. The study also explores three intrinsic elements found in live televised broadcasts, namely "liveness‟, "domain‟ and "bimodality‟. These refer to the interplay between the „live‟ and "non-live‟ segments of the coverage; shifts across the "physical‟ and "mediatised‟ domains; and the relationship between the "visual‟ and "verbal‟ tracks respectively. Overall the thesis demonstrates how the sports-magazine format allows the programmes to introduce thematic diversity, while retaining coherence. Furthermore, the centrality of liveness is found to be problematic in the broadcasts due to live motor sport‟s potential to turn into tragedy, should a life-threatening or fatal crash occur. However, the analysis reveals that the broadcasters manage moments of great tension by foregrounding the notion of "safe-danger‟ throughout the programmes, and when an accident does take place; they use a number of reporting strategies to compensate for the lack of information during the live event.
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Kelly, Laura Claire. "Youth crime and sports-based interventions : representation, history, theory, policy, and practice." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.494218.
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Representations of youth are often polarised: stressing potentiality or deficiency. This ambivalence is reflected in New Labour youth policy for England, where the insistence that 'Every Child Matters' (HM Treasury 2003) exists alongside an expanded, often punitive, youth justice system in England and Wales (Muncie and Goldson 2006). Within this system, 'early intervention' and 'prevention' services attempt to combine 'crime reduction' and 'welfare-orientated' objectives. Targeted sports programmes or 'sportsbased interventions' also claim to tackle 'drug use, crime and anti-social behaviour' and promote 'social inclusion' (Crime Concern 2006: 15, Football Foundation 2006). Sport has long been associated with youth crime reduction (RusseU and Rigby 1908; Wolfenden 1960; Rigg 1986), but research has historically failed to provide robust evidence to support such claims (Utting 1996; Coalter et al. 2000). Some now claim an 'evidence base' is developing (Nichols 2007), or believe programmes can bring wider social poKcy benefits (Collins et al. 1999; Crabbe et al. 2006a).
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Petersson, Felix, and Filip Edvardsson. "Samma sport, samma guld, olika kön : En studie om svensk kvällspress representation av SM-vinnande fotbollslag." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för medier och journalistik (MJ), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-79993.
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The aim of this study was to examine how the biggest newspaper in Sweden, Aftonbladet, represent female and male football. The question examined was: How has the representation of the Swedish SM-winners in men vs women's football changed over the last decade? We made a discourse analysis of 16 news articles from two different time periods. The results show that female football players and the female football game are marginalized in the newspaper compared to the representation of male football and male football players. Women´s victory is given less attention, making their achievement look minor and easier to reach. Instead journalists more often have a tendency to focus on external things, such as individual’s future, money and the team’s or player’s next tasks. It is also often men, coaches or chairman, who are chosen to speak in articles about female football. We could also see that the representation of men does not differentiate significantly today compared to ten years ago. The way to write about male football feels ideal and contains more components that encourage reading. The articles are more in-depth, focus more on the performance and more often put the achievement into a perspective to emphasize the victory. We have seen that sports journalism has taken steps to reach more gender equality, but also noted that there are more steps to take.
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Kaunert, Chelsea Ann. "#underestimated: an intersectional approach to the exploration of girl athlete identities through photographic self-representations." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1498952710103778.
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Daley, Sandra, and n/a. "The sports manager, the print media and the representation of elite female athletes - a learning approach." University of Canberra, 2004. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20100430.105404.
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In a post feminist era the dilemma facing sports managers today is how to promote their female athletes physical ability while at the same time presenting appropriate images of their feminity and sexuality. There is no easy answer to this problem. "Damned if they do, damned if they don't," describes the dilemma facing female elite athletes, and their sports manager in determining how best to present themselves publicly.
Professional sport requires professional management. Sport managers work in a highly competitive industry and part of that involves winning sponsorship dollars from major corporations; an area closely related to the securing of media coverage. Sponsors are attracted to sports teams and athletes who command media interest. Therefore within the sports industry there is a need for sports managers with a comprehensive understanding of both the media and sponsorship. The representation of elite women athletes is a particular challenge because many want an image that promotes their athleticism while still maintaining their feminity.
ALPHA is the first Greek letter of the alphabet and is often used to describe something new and original. This research centres on the development and trial of a new media evaluation tool. The ALPHA (analysis of text, location, photographs, headings of athletes) media analysis model provides sports managers and students with a comprehensive tool to analyse, evaluate and understand the current level of media coverage of their particular sport over a period of time. Application of the model was tested on newspaper coverage of elite female sports during the Olympics and a non-Olympic period. The research illuminated key issues relevant to the media coverage of elite female athletes. From the results teaching boxes have been developed in order to illustrate how use of this tool can enhance the education of sports managers.
While this research showed that there had been some improvement in the amount of media coverage given to elite female athletes, there is still a need for sports managers to work towards improving the quality of that coverage. The ALPHA media analysis model provides sports managers and athletes with a means to make informed choices because they can effectively evaluate media coverage. As such this research adds to the overall development and professionalisation of the sports industry.
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Mezghanni, Samar Samir. "The Muslim News : playing Muslims in the media : pitch, penalties and sport champions." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/285106.
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The portrayal of Muslims in British mainstream media, particularly newspapers, is a subject of significant academic interest. Previous studies find that British newspapers frequently represent Muslims as a distinct and homogenous group, associating them with terrorist groups and framing them as a cultural threat. Orientalist representations have been observed, depicting Muslims as inherently problematic. Nevertheless, Muslims' own self-representation remains understudied and underexamined. This research analyses the discourse of the Muslim News, the oldest, most enduring English-language newspaper catering to Muslims in the United Kingdom. Using Corpus Analysis and Critical Discourse Analysis, this thesis explores the similarities and differences in the discourses of the Muslim News and British mainstream newspapers from 1998 to 2009. The findings reveal that, while reproducing some narratives observed in mainstream press, the Muslim News (the MN) is introducing new representations that 'pitch' alternative stories about Muslims in the media. While sustaining certain representations, such as the collectivisation of Muslims, the MN challenges mainstream discourse. It highlights Islamophobic attacks that Muslims are subject to, including their negative portrayal in mainstream press, and suggests that these hegemonic representations are part of a 'Muslim penalty'. Furthermore, the MN counters mainstream news by taking Muslims outside the frames of representation that associate them with terrorism, conflict and violence. Sports coverage consistently emerges in the MN as an important space to re-negotiate and reframe mainstream media discourses on Muslims. Sports stories maintain newsworthiness while enabling the MN to diverge from the negative coverage of Muslims in mainstream press and celebrate Muslim champions. Comparing such representations in a newspaper by and for Muslims to those produced by mainstream press further exposes contemporary Orientalist discourses and should be a subject of further study.
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Grenfell, Carly Elaine. "Full Court 'Press' and Social Media| Female Athlete Representation of the 2016 Women's National Basketball Association Playoffs/Finals." Thesis, Northern Arizona University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10282704.
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<p> The media coverage of female athletes has been an uphill battle ever since the passing of Title IX in 1972 over 40 years ago. However, with the ever-increasing popularity of social media channels like Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter, this new age model of communication remains the low hanging fruit for shaping the ways in which female athletes are represented to a mass audience. Analyzing the content of the aforementioned platforms from the 2016 WNBA Playoffs and Finals seeks to answer four questions regarding the themes espnW and ESPN are communicating, how their messaging differs, the ways in which female athlete stereotypes are fed into or challenged, and the responses from espnW’s and ESPN’s social media following. Together, the findings relevant to each question imply a step in the right direction for how female athletes are covered today—for their athletic accomplishments and not for their sex appeal—but the overall volume of this coverage remains low. The battle continues for female athletes far and wide to find their footing and prove their relevancy in a male-dominated industry.</p><p>
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Fernandez, Vitor. "Gender Representation in Tennis: Research on British Newspaper Coverage of Wimbledon." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22929.
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Throughout the history of society, women have fought hard to have equal rights in relation to men in all aspects of life. This demand for equality goes on until today and even thoughfeminists around the world have made progress in relations to right to vote, to hold politicaloffices and equal salary there are still advances to be made. The world of sports is nodifferent. In fact, one of the recent achievements of the feminist movement has been to point out that sport is a strong cultural sphere where male dominance still stands solid. This study is based on a corpus linguistics analysis of British newspaper articles from the Wimbledon tennis Grand Slam tournament. Texts from both men’s and women’s tournaments from 2007 to 2017 were selected randomly from UK tabloids and broadsheets. This investigation tries to identify whether male and female players are still represented differently in sports media and furthermore attempts to categorise and classify which linguistic features writers employ. In addition, the relation between power, gender and language is analysed to perform a qualitative analysis of the texts and the reasons why these linguistic techniques were used.
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Demers, Jean-Simon. "Racing Heroes and Grieving Widows: A Study of the Representation of Death in Motorsport." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/38195.
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Gilles Villeneuve, Ayrton Senna, Greg Moore, Dale Earnhardt. Only four of a number of high-profile race car drivers to have lost their lives taking part in events at the highest levels of motorsport. The aim of the present study is to analyze the coverage of death in high-level motorsport in the printed sports news of La Presse and The Toronto Star in Canada for the 1982 to 2017 period inclusively. Mobilizing the existing literature on risk-taking, namely Lyng’s concept of edgework, as well as Hall’s work on representation, a thematic analysis of a sample of sports news articles (N=488) was conducted. Three main themes emerged from the analysis. The discussion surrounding motorsport fatalities revolved around the individual (the deceased driver), the social aspect of the death (primarily the family members left behind), and journalistic practices (how to cover death). In conclusion, the coverage of death in motorsport was found to be an instance where the athlete is heroized and sometimes revered even decades after their death. In this aspect, the figure of Gilles Villeneuve remains pivotal to motorsport discussions in Canada, even to this day. It also was found that sports journalists, through their coverage of deadly accidents, enact the traditional roles of the journalist in offering social criticism of their subject matter to their readers, and that motorsport drivers enact a highly specific type of masculinity when practicing their sport.
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Phillips, Pete. "Sports commentary and the performance event : how neoliberal ideology reframes spectacles of participation." Thesis, University of Chichester, 2017. http://eprints.chi.ac.uk/4203/.
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The thesis uses performance to elucidate the politics of sports commentary. In contrast to Williams' assertion that TV sports maintain a strong sense of their independence despite control and commodification by government or commerce (1989) and Kennedy's suggestion that the significance of sport is not tied to ideology (2001), the thesis argues that sports commentary, however implicitly, asserts neoliberal authority within sporting broadcasts. This written thesis and the Practice as Research articulates and critically contextualises the performance of sports commentary resulting in the production of a postdramatic theatre performance referred to as PhD Practice (2016), DVD documentation of the live event, a script and critical writing. Focusing on the commentary of the charity fun-runner in the Big City Marathon (BCM) the thesis uses Fischer-Lichte's notion of performance as event (2008) as a framework to examine how sports commentary changes the way an event is received and subsequently perceived. Through the creation of a performance event that renders the strategies of the sports commentator (Whannel, 1992) as an event of text (Turner, 2009), the research articulates a gap between the event and how that event is framed, reframed and enframed (Žižek, 2014) by the commentary. The thesis subsequently argues that the position taken by the commentator complicates Fischer-Lichte's autopoietic feedback loop (2008), enacting a degree of sovereignty (Agamben, 1995) over the event, contradicting the way in which the feedback loop purports to neutralise the sovereign position of the performer in postdramatic theatre (Lehmann, 2006). This partially sovereign position maintained by the commentator manipulates the audience into a pattern of consent that mirrors the enactment of neoliberal authority (Harvey, 2005). The commentator is thus able to reframe mass participation in the BCM, so that fun-runners and spectators are made to perform as neoliberal subjects, contextualised by capitalist charity (Livingstone, 2013), complicit with neoliberal ideology. This approach represents significant developments in two distinct areas. Firstly, considering sports commentary as an event of text (Turner, 2009) represents a distinctive contribution to the study of event based performance and provides a position from which to articulate a practical and political critique of the autopoietic feedback loop (Fischer-Lichte, 2008). Secondly, the use of performance to examine sports commentary, as an example of commentary as a broad cultural phenomenon, contributes to discourse around the performance of ideology.
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Wickman, Kim. "Bending mainstream definitions of sport, gender and ability : Representations of wheelchair racers." Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Pedagogiska institutionen, Umeå Universitet, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-1586.
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Bousquet, Muriel. "Analyse des représentations et des locus de causalité dans les domaines du sport et de la santé des adolescents de l'Hérault." Montpellier 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON14002.
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Hedlund, Camilla, and Jannika Lantz. "Hästsport i dagspressen : En studie av hästsportens representation och framställning i svenska dagstidningar." Thesis, Högskolan för lärande och kommunikation, Högskolan i Jönköping, HLK, Medie- och kommunikationsforskning, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-23468.
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Uppsatsen nedan är baserad på en kvantitativ och en kvalitativ undersökning med syfte att kartläggaolika sporters, med fokus på hästsport, representation och framställning under en fyraveckorsperiod2012 i två av Sveriges största dagstidningar. Vi ansåg det viktigt att genomföra den här undersökningenför att se om fördomarna kring bristen på representation av hästsport i media har någongrund, samt om mediestormen kring Rolf-Göran Bengtssons Jerringpris gav någon efterverkan förhästsportens representation.Först genomfördes den kvantitativa studien där över 1 100 artiklar analyserades. Den kvalitativastudien följde där fyra reportage valdes ut för vidare analys. Reportagen behandlade de tre mestomskrivna sporterna samt hästsport. Reportagen analyserades och jämfördes i hopp om att finnamönster med likheter eller skillnader. De viktigaste fynden inkluderar bland annat att det skrevsflest hästsportsartiklar veckan då Göteborg Horse Show pågick, men under den sista undersökningsveckanskrevs inga alls.<br>The following essay is based on a quantitative as well as a qualitative study with the aim ofmapping out the representation and depiction of different sports, with focus on equestriansports, in two of Sweden’s largest daily newspapers during a time period of four weeksin 2012. We considered it important to see if there was any ground for the prejudicesabout the lack of representation of equestrian sports in the media, and we also wanted tosee if the media storm following Rolf-Göran Bengtsson’s win of Jerringpriset in any wayaffected the sport’s representation.First, the quantitative study was executed with over 1 100 articles analyzed. The qualitativestudy followed where four reports were selected for further investigation. These coveredthe three sports most written about as well as the equestrian sports. They were analyzedand compared in order to locate patterns of resemblance or difference. One of the mostimportant finds was that the majority of the articles in the quantitative study about equestriansports were written during the week of Gothenburg Horse Show while there were noarticles written about said sport during the final week of the study.
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Reid, Gavin. "Power, decision-making and the representation of interests : a case study of compulsory competitive tendering for Local Authority Sport and Leisure Management." Thesis, Glasgow Caledonian University, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.320721.
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This thesis provides a critical analysis of the extension of Compulsory Competitive Tendering (CCT) to the management of local authority sport & leisure facilities. Rather than examining the impact of CCT on local authorities, the research looked at how local authorities have defined the legislation and with what effect on the representation of interests. It achieves this by using the concept of 'power' to inform its institutional economic analytical framework and methodological process. Chapter 1 provides a brief definition of the study's key terms and their relevance to sport and leisure policy-making. A historical analysis of the local authority role in recreation from the pre-industrial to the present is put forward in Chapter 2. This seeks to explain the process of developments in public policy for leisure and thus highlight factors with the potential to impact on the social construction of the sport and leisure market. This serves to put CCT, or more specifically the problem of competition for local authorities, in its historical context. Chapter 3 outlines the study's methodological process which is informed by a particular model of power (Lukes, S. 1974 Power: A Radical View). In Chapter 4 the results of a large scale postal survey of local authority Chief Leisure Officers and Directors of commercial leisure companies are put forward to give initial notice of the 'winners and losers' in the CCT process and the extent of activity and inactivity of particular interest groups. Chapters 5 & 6 provide a theoretical progression within the field of institutional economics that is capable of understanding the political realities of the CCT process. An initial transactions cost analytical framework is put forward in Chapter 5 and then informed by an evolutionary institutional economic analysis in Chapter 6. Neoclassical, transactions cost and old institutional economic theory are criticised for having a limited conceptualisation of power and a resultant inadequate appreciation of how more subtle processes can serve to obstruct some interests and encourage others in the competition for sport and leisure contract specifications. Chapters 7 & 8 apply the new methodological process and analytical framework to two indepth case studies. These survey a range of interested 'actors' on a range of issues to highlight if, how and why some issues (and thus people) are able to reach the CCT decision-making process while others are organised out. Relevant written material within each authority is also considered to explain possible variations between theory and practice. The aim is to show how the organisation of the process of decision-making can influence the competition for contract specifications and what are perceived as acceptable/unacceptable costs. Recommendations are then put forward that could overcome perceived obstacles to a greater representation of interestsChapter 9 informs the previous economic analyses by using practitioners' and users' responses from both case studies. In particular. an effort is made to provide a critique of transactions cost theory as it has been applied to CCT for sport and leisure, while also putting forward an evolutionary institutional economic analysis that appreciates the role of power, values and ideology. Chapter 10 concludes with an overview of how the thesis fulfils the academic requirements of a doctoral research project
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Bert, Nicolas. "Dissonance cognitive et transformation de la représentation sociale du sport : effets du changement de la signification d'un élément central sur les attitudes et les comportements." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM3056/document.
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La théorie de l’engagement (Joule & Beauvois, 1998 ; Kiesler, 1971), associée à la théorie de la dissonance cognitive (Festinger, 1957 ; Fointiat, Girandola, & Gosling, 2013), fournit un cadre expérimental d’observation et de compréhension de certains effets des pratiques sociales sur la dynamique des représentations sociales (Abric, 1994 ; Flament, 1994 ; Guimelli, 1989). Notre travail s’inscrit dans la continuité des recherches opérées dans le cadre des effets de la double soumission forcée (Joule, 1991) sur la transformation des représentations sociales (Renard, Bonardi, Roussiau, & Girandola, 2007). Plus précisément, l’objectif de cette thèse est de déterminer quels types de modification au sein de la représentation sociale du sport chez des étudiants non-sportifs sont susceptibles de produire un impact sur les attitudes et les comportements, et de voir si des processus de réduction de la dissonance sont à l’origine de ces changements. Si la transformation structurale de la représentation sociale du sport entraine une évolution au niveau des attitudes à court terme, il semble que la modification de la signification d’un élément central provoque des changements attitudinaux et comportementaux à long terme.Les étudiants ayant réalisé deux actes engageants, dans un contexte de liberté, se déclarent plus favorables et pratiquent plus de sport que les participants de la condition contrôle. Une interprétation en termes de rationalisation est avancée<br>The theory of commitment (Joule & Beauvois, 1998 ; Kiesler, 1971), combined with thetheory of cognitive dissonance (Festinger, 1957 ; Fointiat, Girandola, & Gosling, 2013),provides an experimental framework of observation and understanding of some social practiceeffects on the social representation dynamics (Abric, 1994 ; Flament, 1994 ; Guimelli, 1989).This work follows on from the research led in the area of the effects of forced doublecompliance (Joule, 1991) on the transformation of social representations (Renard, Bonardi,Roussiau, & Girandola, 2007). The aim of this thesis is more precisely to determine what typesof modification within the social representation of sport among nonathletic students are likelyto produce an impact on attitudes and behaviours, and to see whether those changes originatefrom some dissonance reduction processes. If the structural transformation of sport socialrepresentation produces an evolution on short-term attitudes, it seems that the modification ofa central element signification causes long-term attitudinal and behavioural changes. Thestudents who fulfilled two acts in a context of commitment (ie, free- choice) declare themselvesmore favorable and practise more sport than the participants in the control condition. Aninterpretation in terms of rationalisation is put forward
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Stål, Matilda, and Saga Haraldsson. "Sport är för män, av män : En kvalitativ innehållsanalys av hur kvinnliga respektive manliga idrottare framställs i Sportbladet och Sportexpressen." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik, konst och samhälle, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-83731.
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Syftet med studien var att ta reda på hur kvinnliga och manliga idrottare representeras i tabloiderna Aftonbladet och Expressen utifrån representationsteorin och genusperspektiv. Detta har gjorts genom att analysera 28 artiklar från sportbilagorna Sportbladet och Sportexpressen under vecka sju i februari, sedan har materialet analyserats genom en kvalitativ innehållsanalys och en semiotisk analys. Texterna har satts in i olika teman, propositioner och perspektiv som kallas för genus, familjeliv, utseende, prestationer och roller, för att besvara studiens syfte och frågeställningar. Resultatet i studien visar att manliga och kvinnliga idrottare representeras olika utifrån genus, familjeliv, utseende, prestationer och roller. De kvinnliga idrottarna framställs ofta som svaga och fokuset ligger på annat än på deras prestation, men de manliga idrottarna representeras som starka och heroiska.
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Ridgwell, Stephen John. "'On a shiny night' : the representation of the English poacher, c.1830-1920." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2017. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/69667/.
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Perrin, Petament Claire. "Activités physiques et sportives et sante : étude des représentations sociales et expérimentation dans un centre de médecine préventive." Nancy 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NAN10354.
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L'association systématique des activités physiques et sportives (APS) à la santé constitue une image consensuelle qui ne se confond pas avec les représentations des APS et les représentations de la santé, dont les points de convergence s'organisent autour de quatre thèmes, mis en lumière par notre étude auprès des consultants d'un centre de médecine préventive (CMP). Une analyse factorielle des correspondances réalisée à partir des données recueillies auprès d'un échantillon de 794 adultes, a permis d'objectiver des représentations selon quatre grandes tendances propres à des profils de mécanismes cognitifs: l'hédonisme, l'hygiénisme, le volontarisme et le fatalisme, en liaison avec le sexe, l'âge, le niveau de formation et la catégorie professionnelle et sociale. L'analyse approfondie de deux séries de 28 entretiens réalisés auprès de personnes appartenant aux profils hygiéniste et hédoniste, a permis d'affiner l'objectivation des représentations et de faire émerger l'importance des histoires personnelles dans le processus d'ancrage des représentations. Les histoires ne se confondent pas avec la succession des événements rencontrés, mais se construisent en fonction de la manière singulière dont chacun les a vécus. Les relations d'affinité entre les représentations des APS et les représentations de la santé s'actualisent également dans les représentations du corps au travers des quatre thèmes qui s'appliquent de façon régulière aux argumentations quotidiennes. Ils rendent compte de quatre dynamiques cognitives et affectives différenciées se construisant dans une articulation de données individuelles (histoire singulière) et collectives (positions sociales). Cette étude, enrichie d'une expérimentation dans le cadre de l'examen de sante du CMP, permet d'envisager une structure d'aide à la santé mise à la disposition des personnes dont les représentations s'inscrivent dans la tendance hygiéniste: un entretien ou une auto-analyse de la gestion de la vie physique et une séance pratique d'activité physique de détente
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Toft, Anton, and Daniel Marsfeld. "Vilka speglas i Sportspegeln? : En kvantitativ studie om vilka som får synas i SVT:s sändningar av Sportspegeln, utifrån sport och kön." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för medier och journalistik (MJ), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-100517.
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The purpose of the study was to investigate how the Swedish public service channel SVT, presents sports and athletes in the sports news program Sportspegeln. We have conducted a quantitative content analysis of twelve episodes from a one-year period starting in October 2019 and ending in September 2020. The study showed that male athletes are, by far, the most visible in the program. Regardless of the sport, the male athlete is almost always portrayed as the ideal. Except when it comes to skiing, then it is the women who get to be seen the most. An interesting connection, as our study showed, is that the gender distribution looks the same if you look among the journalists. In all sports, it is mostly male journalists, except in ski sports where most journalists are women.
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Aubert, Joëlle. "Représentations sociales et comportements en gymnastique d'élèves de collèges." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997GRE10094.
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Parvenir a ce que chacun des eleves d'une classe accede aux acquisitions visees a cet age dans un domaine d'apprentissage, tel est le defi pose a tout enseignant. La recherche presentee ici, a pour enjeu de comprendre les raisons pour lesquelles les eleves n'adherent pas systematiquement aux apprentissages gymniques programmes en education physique et sportive. Elle vise : - a identifier les relations entre les representations sociales de la gymnastique chez les eleves et leurs comportements adoptes en reponse a une tache gymnique, - a reperer l'influence du contexte social et d'enseignement sur ces representations, - a comprendre les effets des taches gymniques choisies par les enseignants sur l'evolution des representations des eleves. Les donnees sont recueillies aupres de 106 eleves de 4eme, a partir de tests d'associations de mots, de classements de termes, de tris de photographies et d'enregistrement video des comportements des eleves en situation de renversement a l'appui manuel, avec ou sans deplacement. Les resultats montrent qu'il est possible d'etablir certaines correlations entre les composantes de representations de la gymnastique qu'ont les eleves et leurs comportements manifestes en reponse aux taches gymniques. Il a ete egalement possible de conclure que selon l'attitude des eleves face au travail scolaire et selon leur pratique sportive extra-scolaire, les eleves ont des representations differentes de la gymnastique. Enfin, l'etude a pu verifier que selon les situations gymniques proposees par l'enseignant, les representations sont plus ou moins activees. Mots clefs : education physique et sportive, representations sociales, gymnastique, comportement.
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Santos, José Ney do Nascimento. "Representação social de esporte praticado por indígenas." Faculdade de Educação, 2015. http://repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/23447.
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TESE-JOSÉ NEY DO NASCIMENTO SANTOS.pdf: 3387996 bytes, checksum: 97ef4faec81d607ca776d9dc2269a6c7 (MD5)<br>Esta investigação tem como objetivo mapear o campo de atuação esportiva no qual estão envolvidos indivíduos pertencentes a várias etnias indígenas e analisar, à luz da representação social, o significado da prática de esporte. Levaram-se em consideração os elementos que os grupos concebem como centrais no que se refere: a) ao que pensam sobre a prática esportiva; b) como praticam o esporte; c) como gostariam que fosse a prática esportiva e o que esperam dos resultados dessa prática; d) identificação da trajetória na busca da condição de herói por parte do índio praticante de esporte; e) construção do núcleo de representação do índio praticante de esporte. O presente estudo se insere no Núcleo Temático Linguagem, Desenvolvimento e Ação Pedagógica. Tem natureza qualitativa e característica de estudo descritivo. Face à complexidade do tema, foram adotadas estratégias metodológicas pluri-referenciadas, com o intuito de conhecer a realidade, mediante a análise do conteúdo das entrevistas realizadas com 15 indígenas praticantes de esporte e com um que gestiona a entidade esportiva e os jogos indígenas. Buscou-se entender a associação de ideias com as palavras esporte, competição, celebração e representação, a fim de buscar sentidos não explicitados quando das entrevistas. Analisaram-se publicações acadêmicas e jornais referentes à prática de esporte por indígenas. A análise permitiu chegar a constatações sobre o significado da vitória na prática de esporte para essa comunidade e sobre a representação social das diferentes modalidades. O estudo comprova mudanças no significado da celebração nas práticas esportivas e o crescente processo de busca da vitória, resultante da “esportivização” das comunidades indígenas.<br>ABSTRACT
This research aims to map the sports playing field in which individuals belonging to
various indigenous ethnic groups are involved and examine, in the light of social
representation, the meaning of sports practice. The elements that those groups
considered as central have been taken into account, such as: a) what they think
about the practice of sports; b) how they practice sports; c) how they would like the
practice of sports were and what they expect from the results of this practice; d) the
indentification of the tragectory in the pursuit of the hero status by the indigenous
sports practitioner; e) construction of the Indigenous Sport Practioner Representaion
Center. This study is part of the Thematic Center: Language, Development and
Educational Action, which has got qualitative, descriptive study features. Given the
complexity of the issue multi-referenced methodological strategies were adopted in
order to know the reality, by analyzing the content of the interviews with 15
indigenous sport practitioners and one that manages the sports organization and the
indigenous games. It has been sought to understand the association of ideas with the
words sport, competition, celebration and representation in order to pursue nonexplicit
meanings when the interviews were carried. Academic journals and papers
relating to the practice of sport by indigenous people have been analyzed. The
analysis allowed to reach findings on the significance of victory in sports practice for
this community and on the social representation of the different modalities. The study
proves changes in the meaning of the celebration in sports and the growing searh of
victory, the as a result of the "sportivization" of indigenous communities.
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Sandell, Alicia. "The strong men and the good looking women : Quantitative content analysis of the visual representation of athletes in Swedish digital sports journalism." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för geografi, medier och kommunikation (from 2013), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-84324.
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Purpose: The purpose of the thesis is to examine if the quantity of female athletes is lesser than male athletes and if there are any gender differences in this visual representation of athletes in Swedish digital sports journalism. The thesis also aims to investigate if the visual representation of female athletes has changed over time in connection to the #MeToo movement. Research questions: RQ1: Are there any differences in the quantity of visual coverage given to female athletes and male athletes in Swedish sports media? RQ2: Is there any difference in the visual portrayal of female athletes in comparison to male athletes? RQ3: Has the visual coverage of female athletes in Swedish sports media changed or remained the same since the #MeToo movement? Theories: Agenda setting theory, Framing theory, Hegemonic masculinity and emphasized femininity, Gender performance, Gatekeeping and Media logic Method: The study is based on visual quantitative content analysis. The empirical material of the analysis consists of 224 photographs from digital sports articles, originated from the two Swedish sports newspapers Sportbladet and SVT Sport. The articles were collected from the digital platform Retriever through a digital article search with the keyword “sport”. After collecting the data, it was processed in data program IBM SPSS Statistics, where cross tabulations were created. The results were analyzed and discussed in order to reaching a conclusion. Conclusion: There is a higher quantity of male athletes than female athletes in Swedish sports media. There are small differences in the way female athletes and male athletes are visually portrayed. However, these differences show that female athletes are more often are shown in an emphasized feminine way, which contributes to proving the dominance of hegemonic masculinity. There are no major changes in the visual portrayal of female athletes before and after the #MeToo, however the result shows a somewhat equal coverage even before the #MeToo movement happened. The results of the study are partially supported by previous research and theory on the subject where female athletes are underrepresented and sexualized.<br>Syfte: Studiens syfte är att undersöka om det är färre kvinnliga idrottare än manliga idrottare som visas i bilderna, samt om det finns några könsskillnader i dessa visuella representationer av idrottare i den digitala svenska idrottsjournalistiken. Studien syftar även till att undersöka om den visuella representationen av kvinnliga idrottare har förändrats över tid i samband med #MeToo-rörelsen. Frågeställningar: F1 Är det någon skillnad i antalet visuella representationer av kvinnliga idrottare respektive manliga idrottare i den svenska idrottsjournalistiken? F2 Finns det några skillnad i sportartiklars visuella representation av kvinnliga idrottare jämfört med manliga idrottare? F3 Har den visuella representationen av kvinnor förändrats eller varit densamma sedan efter #MeToo-rörelsen? Teoretiska ramverk: Dagordningsteorin, gestaltningsteorin, hegemonisk maskulinitet och ideal femininitet, gender performance, gatekeeping och medielogik Metod: Studien baseras på visuell kvantitativ innehållsanalys. Analysens empiriska material består av 224 fotografier från digitala sportartiklar, härstammande från de två svenska sporttidningarna Sportbladet och SVT Sport. Artiklarna samlades in från den digitala plattformen Retriever genom en digital artikelsökning med nyckelordet "sport". Efter att ha samlat in data bearbetades det i dataprogrammet IBM SPSS Statistics där tvärtabeller skapades. Resultaten analyserades och diskuterades för att nå en slutsats. Slutsats: Det förekommer fler manliga idrottare än kvinnliga idrottare i bilderna i svenska sportjournalistik. Det är små skillnader i hur kvinnliga idrottare framställs visuellt i jämförelse med manliga idrottare. Dessa skillnader visar dock att kvinnliga idrottare oftare visas i ett betonat feminint sätt, vilket bidrar till att bevisa dominansen hos hegemonisk maskulinitet. Det finns inga större förändringar i den visuella skildringen av kvinnliga idrottare före och efter # MeToo, resultatet visar också en något lika täckning redan innan #MeToo-rörelsen. Resultaten av studien stöds delvis av tidigare forskning och teori i ämnet där kvinnliga idrottare är underrepresenterade och sexualiserade.
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Andersson, Marianne. "När hjältar faller : En jämförande studie av Aftonbladets och Expressens skildring av idrottshjältarna Ludmila Engquist, Tiger Woods, Lance Armstrong och Oscar Pistorius." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för humaniora, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-14479.
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Titel: När hjältar faller - En jämförande studie av Aftonbladets och Expressens skildring av idrottshjältarna Ludmila Engquist, Tiger Woods, Lance Armstrong och Oscar Pistorius. Författare: Marianne Andersson Publikationstyp: Uppsats Nivå: C Poäng: 15 hp Huvudområde: Medie- och kommunikationsvetenskap Kursnamn: MKV 61-90 hp Programnamn: Informatörsprogrammet Antal sidor: 39 Handledare: Mats Hyvönen Ämne: Hur Aftonbladet och Expressen berättar om idrottshjältar som faller karriärmässigt. Frågeställning: Hur berättar de svenska kvällstidningarna Aftonbladet och Expressen för sina läsare när/att en idrottshjälte faller karriärmässigt? Teoretiska perspektiv: Tidningsartiklarna har analyserats från Michael Foucaults teorier med utgångspunkt från hans bok ”Diskursens ordning” samt utifrån begreppen representation och identifikation i medier. Tillvägagångssätt: Utifrån en dokumentanalys har de publicerade artiklarna studerats för att ta reda på hur tidningarna valt att berätta om de olika fallen. Med hjälp av en kvalitativ analysmetod studeras om medierna använder sig av någon slags dramaturgi när de skildrar händelserna samt om det finns ett mönster med vilka som får komma till tals. Slutsats: Analysen visar att sättet som tidningarna rapporterar på om de fyra händelserna följer en bestämd dramaturgisk och kronologisk ordning. I samtliga fall kommer samma typer av människor till tals och de bilder som publicerar skildrar liknade motiv oavsett idrott eller fall.
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Biceglia, Ilza Lígia [UNESP]. "Representações sociais de profissionais da educação física sobre a psicologia aplicada ao esporte." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/92225.
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biceglia_il_me_prud.pdf: 448566 bytes, checksum: f219a9b3feb59d43b98d0d368a3782c8 (MD5)<br>Este trabalho refere-se a uma pesquisa de Mestrado e insere-se na linha de pesquisa “Processos Formativos, Diferença e Valores”. Seu objetivo geral foi descrever e analisar as Representações Sociais que profissionais em Educação Física têm sobre a Psicologia Aplicada ao Esporte. A Psicologia Aplicada ao Esporte é uma disciplina científica que integra o corpo de conhecimentos relativo à compreensão dos fenômenos psicológicos de atletas e praticantes de atividade física, bem como, os fenômenos sociais a eles relacionados. Investigamos como os profissionais da Educação Física representam e conduzem situações que envolvem aspectos psicológicos de atletas, praticantes de exercícios físicos e escolares quando se deparam com fenômenos psíquicos e sociais nos diversos contextos esportivos. Analisamos teórica e empiricamente, a relação entre quais, como e, através de quem são aprendidos os conhecimentos em Psicologia Aplicada ao Esporte e a realidade da prática profissional. Como base teórica inspiramo-nos na Teoria das Representações Sociais de Serge Moscovici (1978, 2003) e na Teoria do Núcleo Central de Jean-Claude Abric (2000, 2001, 2003). Para o estudo da Psicologia Aplicada ao Esporte, nos apoiamos em autores como: Samulski (2002), Machado (2006), Machado & Brandão (2007), Rubio (1998, 2003); sobre a formação do profissional da Educação Física consultamos: Darido & Rangel (2005), Neto & Hunger (2006), Proni & Lucena (2002). A pesquisa foi desenvolvida com a participação de 36 profissionais da Educação Física de Presidente Prudente entre treinadores desportivos e professores de escolas regulares, em diversos contextos de atuação...<br>This paper refers to a research in Master Degree and is insert in a research line of “Formative process, Difference and values”. The general objective was to describe and analyze the Social Representation that the professionals at Physical Education have above Applied Psychology to the sport. The Applied Psychology to the sport is a scientific discipline that full fill the body of the knowledge related to the comprehension of the psychologies phenomenon of the athletes and practicing of the physic activities as well as the social phenomenon related to them. Investigate how those professionals of the Physical Education represents and conduct the situations that involves the psychological aspects of the athletes, practicing of the physic exercises and students when faced with the psychics and socials phenomenon in many sportive contexts. Were analyzed theoretic and empiric, the relation among which, how and through whom were the knowledge learned in Applied Psychology to the sport and the reality of the professional practice. How the basis theoretic inspired us in the Theory of the Social representations of Serge Moscovici (1978, 2003) and in the Theory of the Central Nucleo of Jean- Claude Abric (2000, 2001, 2003). To study the Applied Psychology to the sport, we hang on the authors like: Samulski (2002), Machado (2006), Machado & Brandão (2007), Rubio (1998, 2003); about the development of the professional in Physical Education we consult: Dario & Rangel (2005), Neto & Hunger (2006), Proni & Lucena (2002). The research was developed with the participation of 36 professionals in Physical Education from Presidente Prudente among sportive couches and teachers from the educational system, in many contexts of the action...(Complete abstract, click electronic access below)
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Biceglia, Ilza Lígia. "Representações sociais de profissionais da educação física sobre a psicologia aplicada ao esporte /." Presidente Prudente : [s.n.], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/92225.
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Orientador: Maria Suzana de Stefano Menin<br>Banca: Afonso Antônio Machado<br>Banca: José Milton de Lima<br>Resumo: Este trabalho refere-se a uma pesquisa de Mestrado e insere-se na linha de pesquisa "Processos Formativos, Diferença e Valores". Seu objetivo geral foi descrever e analisar as Representações Sociais que profissionais em Educação Física têm sobre a Psicologia Aplicada ao Esporte. A Psicologia Aplicada ao Esporte é uma disciplina científica que integra o corpo de conhecimentos relativo à compreensão dos fenômenos psicológicos de atletas e praticantes de atividade física, bem como, os fenômenos sociais a eles relacionados. Investigamos como os profissionais da Educação Física representam e conduzem situações que envolvem aspectos psicológicos de atletas, praticantes de exercícios físicos e escolares quando se deparam com fenômenos psíquicos e sociais nos diversos contextos esportivos. Analisamos teórica e empiricamente, a relação entre quais, como e, através de quem são aprendidos os conhecimentos em Psicologia Aplicada ao Esporte e a realidade da prática profissional. Como base teórica inspiramo-nos na Teoria das Representações Sociais de Serge Moscovici (1978, 2003) e na Teoria do Núcleo Central de Jean-Claude Abric (2000, 2001, 2003). Para o estudo da Psicologia Aplicada ao Esporte, nos apoiamos em autores como: Samulski (2002), Machado (2006), Machado & Brandão (2007), Rubio (1998, 2003); sobre a formação do profissional da Educação Física consultamos: Darido & Rangel (2005), Neto & Hunger (2006), Proni & Lucena (2002). A pesquisa foi desenvolvida com a participação de 36 profissionais da Educação Física de Presidente Prudente entre treinadores desportivos e professores de escolas regulares, em diversos contextos de atuação...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)<br>Abstract: This paper refers to a research in Master Degree and is insert in a research line of "Formative process, Difference and values". The general objective was to describe and analyze the Social Representation that the professionals at Physical Education have above Applied Psychology to the sport. The Applied Psychology to the sport is a scientific discipline that full fill the body of the knowledge related to the comprehension of the psychologies phenomenon of the athletes and practicing of the physic activities as well as the social phenomenon related to them. Investigate how those professionals of the Physical Education represents and conduct the situations that involves the psychological aspects of the athletes, practicing of the physic exercises and students when faced with the psychics and socials phenomenon in many sportive contexts. Were analyzed theoretic and empiric, the relation among which, how and through whom were the knowledge learned in Applied Psychology to the sport and the reality of the professional practice. How the basis theoretic inspired us in the Theory of the Social representations of Serge Moscovici (1978, 2003) and in the Theory of the Central Nucleo of Jean- Claude Abric (2000, 2001, 2003). To study the Applied Psychology to the sport, we hang on the authors like: Samulski (2002), Machado (2006), Machado & Brandão (2007), Rubio (1998, 2003); about the development of the professional in Physical Education we consult: Dario & Rangel (2005), Neto & Hunger (2006), Proni & Lucena (2002). The research was developed with the participation of 36 professionals in Physical Education from Presidente Prudente among sportive couches and teachers from the educational system, in many contexts of the action...(Complete abstract, click electronic access below)<br>Mestre
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Jooste, Carlien. "An analysis of the representation of female athletes in selected South African print media from February 2006 to June 2006." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/528.
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This thesis attempts to analyse the representation of professional female sport persons in selected South African media. The field of study is located within the ambit of gender and media studies with specific attention to the power of the latter to not only reflect, but actually shape realities and attitudes. Carolyn Byerly and Karen Ross (2004) comment that “the media have the potential not only to reinforce the status quo in power arrangements in society, but also to contribute to new, more egalitarian ones” (2004:24). The core question, then, is to determine whether traditional gender roles are confirmed, or positively shaped, by the way in which the selected media reported on professional women athletes in various sporting codes. As this is a neglected topic in South Africa, the study relied heavily on the research done by various American and European academics. Academics such as Pamela Creedon (1994) and Susan Birrell and Cheryl Cole (1994), found that female athletes are marginalised and stereotyped by the media. Their research also denotes that female athletes are objectified and judged on their looks and dress code instead of their sporting abilities. Female athletes are continuously stereotyped according to societal induced feminine traits. These representations alienate women who do not possess feminine qualities as “the other”, namely falling outside the desirability as determined by sponsorship and an assumed male viewing / reading public. The media further focus more on beautiful, glamorous athletes than female athletes that are less feminine, but with no less achievement and ability. Extensive examples are provided in the treatise of how the selected South African print media misrepresented women in the six month period that was studied. The conclusion is unambiguous: The South African media unfortunately follow the international trend of objectifying women according to male stereotypes. The media that were studied therefore missed an opportunity to shape gender attitudes as they collude with the powerful forces of sponsorship and viewer-ship to reinforce the status quo.
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Lagus, Johanna, and Sandra Eriksson. "Skillnaden i porträttering av kvinnliga och manliga idrottare i svensk populärmedia : En kvantitativ studie om bristande jämställdhetsrapportering." Thesis, Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för fysiologi, nutrition och biomekanik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:gih:diva-6601.
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Syfte och frågeställningar : Syftet med denna kandidatexamensuppsats är att belysa skillnaden mellan hur kvinnliga och manliga idrottare framställs i media genom fotografier och hur det påverkar konstruktionen och/eller förstärkningen av könstereotyper och könsroller, vilket i sin tur försvårar arbetet för en jämställd idrott; utifrån RF:s jämställdhetsmål för 2025. Studien ämnar svara på följande frågeställningar: 1) Förekommer manliga idrottare i större omfattning än kvinnliga idrottare i media? 2) Blir kvinnliga idrottare marginaliserade i media genom att placeras senare i tidningen och på färre första sidor än manliga idrottare? 3) Porträtteras kvinnliga idrottare oftare på bilder i mindre storlek än manliga idrottare? 4) Framställs kvinnor på ett könsstereotypiskt sätt i media som begränsar möjligheter för en jämställd idrott? 5) Förekommer manligt kodade idrotter i större omfattning än kvinnligt kodade idrotter i media?6) I vilken utsträckning får kvinnligt kodade idrotter utrymme i media och vilket kön representeras mest i respektive kodad idrott? Metod: Undersökningen genomfördes genom en kvantitativ innehållsanalys på 3153 bilder på idrottare i Sportbladet. Ett kodningsschema konstruerades där faktorer som kön, placering i tidningen, storlek på bilden, om idrottaren framställdes i eller utanför en idrottskontext och i idrottskläder eller civila kläder. Något som också noterades var om idrotten var manligt, neutralt eller kvinnligt kodad. En pilottestning genomfördes för att testa interbedömarreliabiliteten och därefter kodades de 3153 bilder som studien avser. Resultat: Manliga idrottare porträtteras på 75% av alla bilder jämfört med 25% på kvinnliga idrottare (p = <.001). Manliga idrottare förekom även tidigare i tidningen än kvinnliga idrottare (p= <.001). Det fanns ingen skillnad mellan könen gällande storlek på bild (p <.184). Resultatet visar även att kvinnliga idrottare oftare framställs utanför en idrottskontext än manliga idrottare (p= <.002). Däremot framställs både manliga och kvinnliga idrottare i idrottskläder 90% (p= <.34). Resultatet visar att 97% av bilder på kvinnliga idrottare var i en manligt kodad idrott. Endast elva bilder föreställde en idrott som var kvinnligt kodad. Slutsats: Resultaten indikerar att kvinnliga idrottare är tydligt marginaliserade i media och kvinnligt kodade idrotter är obefintligt rapporterade. Studien drar slutsatsen att media i nuläget inte utnyttjar möjligheten att främja jämställdhet vilket i sin tur har konsekvenser för att riksidrottsförbundet ska nå jämställdhetsmålen för 2025.<br>Aim: The purpose of this study is to examine and illustrate the way female and male athletes are portrayed in media through photographs and how that in turn affects the construction and/or the reinforcement of gender stereotypes and gender roles, which in turn obstruct the strive for equality in sports; regarding the Swedish Sports Confederations goals for equality to be met 2025. The study presents six questions of issue: 1) Are male athletes portrayed to a larger extent than female athletes in media? 2) Are female athletes marginalized in media by being systematically placed later in the paper and in less first pages than male athletes? 3) Are female athletes portrayed in smaller pictures more often than male athletes? 4) Are female athletes portrayed in a gender stereotypical way in media that limits the possibilities for equality in sports? 5) Are masculine sports portrayed to a larger extent than feminine sports in media? 6) To what extent are feminine sports portrayed in media and what gender is most prominent in feminine sports? Method: The study performed a quantitative content analysis on 3153 pictures in Sportbladet. A coding scheme was designed where factors such as, gender, placement in the paper, size of picture, if the athlete was portrayed in or outside of an athletic context, if the athlete was portrayed in athletic or civilian clothes. It was also noted if the sport was masculine, neutral or feminine. A pilot test was conducted to test for interrater reliability. Thereafter the main analysis of the study was conducted on 3153 pictures. Results: Male athletes are portrayed in 75% of all pictures compared to female athletes who is portrayed in 25% (p = <.001). Male athletes also occurred earlier in the paper than female athletes (p= <.001). There were no differences between male and female athletes regarding the size of the picture (p <.184). The results indicate that female athletes more often were portrayed outside an athletic context than male athletes (p= <.002). On the contrary, both male and female athletes are portrayed in athletic clothes in 90% of all pictures (p= <.34). Results also indicate that 97% of pictures portraying female athletes were athletes competing in a masculine sport. Eleven pictures in total portrayed feminine sports. Conclusions: Results indicate that due to the evident marginalization of female athletes and feminine sports the study leads to the conclusion that media in the present situation does not take advantage of the possibility to promote an equal representation of female athletes which in turn implicate the Swedish Sport Confederations goals for equality to be met 2025.
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Montanha, Fausto Amaro Ribeiro Picoreli. "Mídia, esporte e idolatria: o Jornal do Brasil e a representação dos atletas brasileiros nos jogos olímpicos." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2014. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=6902.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior<br>De maneira ampla, aborda-se nesta dissertação a representação do herói olímpico no Jornal do Brasil na segunda metade do século XX. A hipótese preliminar, seguindo a conclusão de Helal, Cabo e Marques (2009), é que, diferentemente das Copas do Mundo, nas Olimpíadas, os jornalistas esportivos se valeriam de um arcabouço textual distinto para descrever seus objetos de análise os esportes e os atletas e para construir histórias de vida. Enquanto os heróis oriundos do futebol seriam dotados de um talento natural e o treino ocuparia uma posição secundária nas narrativas vitoriosas, os heróis dos ditos esportes amadores alcançariam a glória por meio do esforço abnegado e da dedicação aos treinamentos. Por meio de uma análise das narrativas, tendo como corpus de investigação as edições do Caderno de Esportes do referido jornal ao longo das treze Olimpíadas da segunda metade do século XX de Helsinque-1952 à Sydney-2000 , verifica-se a validade dessa conjectura.<br>In a broad sense, its discussed in this dissertation the representation of the Olympic hero in the Jornal do Brasil newspaper in the second half of the twentieth century. My preliminary hypothesis, following the conclusion of Helal, Cabo and Marques (2009), is that, unlike what happens in World Cups, during the Olympics, sports journalists would tend to use a different text framework to describe their object of analysis (the sports ant the athletes) and to construct life stories. While the heroes coming from football would be provided with a natural talent and training would occupy a seconday position in the victorius narratives, the heroes of the so called amateur sports would achieve glory through the selfless efforts and dedication to training. Through an analysis of the narratives, having as corpus of research the editions of the Sports Section of the referred newspaper over the thirteen Olympics of the second half of the twentieth century from Helsinque to Sydney-1952-2000 , I verify the validity of this conjecture.
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Galarreta, Jorge Francisco Puente Arnao. "BRASILEIRINHOS: ANÁLISE DA REPRESENTAÇÃO MIDIÁTICA DE JOGADORES DE FUTEBOL." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2015. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/6360.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior<br>This work is about how the media build the identity of football players. We observed how the TV show Esporte Espetacular in the series videos Brasileirinhos depicts elements of the Brazilian national identity. The main goal is to analyze how this identity is present in the representation of football players in the series Brasileirinhos. The specific goals of this research are: i) to analyze how the TV media, mainly the show Esporte Espetacular, broadcasted in TV Globo, represents the Brazilian football players in the series Brasileirinhos; ii) to recognize the national identity elements depicted by the program; and iii) to identify the existing works on this topic. The theoretical contribution comes from the concepts on identity explained by authors as Hall (1999) and Castells (2000), Woodward (1999) and Anderson (1989), and the Brazilian authors DaMatta (1994), Holanda (1978) and Freyre (2001). Approaches on media representations on sports are also presented in this work. They have been systematized in four categories: the Myth, the Hero, the Idol, and the Celebrity, mainly according to Helal (2003) and Giglio (2007). The text analysis methodology of Casetti and Chio (1999) was applied for corpus analysis of the two videos selected. As a conclusion of this research, we realize that some national identity elements that were built along the time continue to be reinforced by the media. We can also relate the way the itinerary is followed with the representational condition of Myth for Dedé and Idol, Hero and Celebrity for Neymar. Likewise, we can also confirm that some relations and behaviors of the Brazilian society, addressed by the authors, still exist and can be seen in the video, as the sponsorship. Other relations are built by the program, as the patriarchal system and the football-art relation.<br>Este trabalho trata sobre a construção midiática da identidade de jogadores de futebol. Indagamos como o programa televisivo Esporte Espetacular na série de vídeos Brasileirinhos representa elementos de identidade nacional brasileira. Tendo como objetivo principal analisar de que maneira esta identidade está presente na representação dos jogadores de futebol na série Brasileirinhos. São objetivos específicos da pesquisa: analisar como a mídia televisiva, especialmente o programa Esporte Espetacular, da TV Globo, retrata os jogadores de futebol na série Brasileirinhos; identificar os elementos de identidade nacional representados pelo programa; e, realizar levantamento dos trabalhos existentes acerca desta temática. O aporte teórico provém dos conceitos de identidade, a partir de autores como Hall (1999) e Castells (2000), Woodward (1999) e Anderson (1989) e os brasileiros DaMatta (1994), Holanda (1978) e Freyre (2001). Apresentam-se também as abordagens sobre representações midiáticas no esporte, sistematizadas em quatro categorias: o Mito, o Herói, o Ídolo e a Celebridade, principalmente a partir de Helal (2003) e de Giglio (2007). Utiliza-se a metodologia da Análise Textual de Casetti e Chio (1999) para análise do corpus de dois vídeos selecionados. Como resultados, pode-se perceber que alguns elementos de identidade nacional que foram construídos ao longo do tempo seguem sendo reforçados pela mídia. É possível relacionar a maneira como o roteiro é seguido a partir da condição representacional de Mito para Dedé e de Ídolo, Herói e Celebridade para Neymar. Em um primeiro momento é possível confirmar que algumas relações e comportamentos da sociedade brasileira, abordadas pelos autores, ainda estão presentes e podem ser observadas no vídeo, como o apadrinhamento. Outras, como o sistema patriarcal ou a manutenção do futebol-arte, são construídas pelo programa.
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Darrow, Shane G. "Racial Representation in Advertising: A Content Analysis on Alcohol Advertising During the NBA and NHL Playoffs." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1417739900.
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Vachée, Cécile. "Représentations de la nature et comportements d'offre en escalade : étude à partir de trois catégories d'acteurs : présidents de club, moniteurs brevetés d'Etat et équipeurs de falaises." Grenoble 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000GRE10025.
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Ce travail a pour objectif de reperer les representations de la nature chez trois categories d'acteurs de l'offre en escalade : les dirigeants de club, les moniteurs brevetes d'etat et les equipeurs de falaises. Il s'agit egalement de comprendre les relations d'influence entre ces representations et les comportements des acteurs en situation d'offre. Construit a partir des apports de la sociologie et de la psychologie sociale, le concept de representation se revele comme un moyen d'entendement du monde, generateur de pratiques et de comportements. Ce positionnement theorique conduit a la construction d'une modelisation idealtypique des representations de l'objet nature. La confrontation des modeles ainsi edifies, avec les comportements et itineraires sociologiques des personnes concernees, permet la comprehension des processus fonctionnels des representations de la nature dans le cadre de l'offre sportive en escalade.
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Manna, Yahya. "Customers'purchasing behaviours towards sportswear brands in Saudi Arabia : a comparative study between the representation of consumers and e-consumers." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCH007.
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Adidas et Puma font partie des companiesde sportswear qui ont établi un marché en ArabieSaoudite. L'objectif principal du présent travail est de comprendre le comportement d'achat des clients enversles marques de vêtements de sport de valeur (T-shirts et chaussures) par le biais d'une étude comparative desreprésentations des consommateurs et des e-consommateurs. Un questionnaire a permis de recueillir desdonnées relatives à la problématique auprès de consommateurs et de cyberconsommateurs. Les résultatsmontrent que l'attitude des consommateurs et des e-consommateurs à l'égard de la marque de vêtements desport Puma est mpins favorable que celle relatives aux produits Adidas. L'étude a en outre établi unecorrélation entre les chaussures Adidas et les t-shirts. La recherche ne fait qu'établirune corrélation entre lesattitudes et les chaussures Puma, mais n' a pas pu confirmer ce résultat pour les T-shirts. Apparait égalementune relation statistique positive entre la représentation sociale, l'attitude et l'achat, entre les médias sociaux etl'attitude, entre la représentation sociale et les préférences, entre les classes sociales et les préférences et entreles médias sociaux et les préférences. La relation entre d'autres facteurs médiateurs tels que l'âge, le sexe, lelieu de vie et l'éducation sur la représentation sociale, les préférences a été mise en évidence. En revanche, laclasse sociale et les préférences n'ont pas été affectés. Les études ultérieures devraient se concentrer sur lecomportement d'achat des consommateurs pour les marques internationales de vêtements de sport au lieu delimiter l'attention à deux d'entre elles dans le contexte de la croissance du marché saoudien<br>Adidas andPumaare among the sportswear companies, which have establisheda market in Saudi Arabia. The principal objective of the study is to develop the customers’purchasing behaviour towards valuable sportswear brands (T-shirts and shoes) through acomparative study of the representations of consumers and e-consumers study. The researcher usesa questionnaire to collect primary data from the consumers and e-consumers. The findings show thatthe attitudes of consumers and e-consumers towards thePumasportswear brand are lower thanAdidas products. The study further established a correlation between both Adidas shoes and t-shirts.The research only determines a correlation between attitudes andPumashoes but could not confirmfor T-shirts. The research showed a positive statistical relationship between social representation,attitude and purchase, between social media and attitude, between social representation andpreferences, social classes and preferences, between social media and preferences. The relationshipbetween other mediating factors such as age, gender, living area, and education on socialrepresentation, preferences, while social class and preferences were not affected. Future studiesshould focus onthe consumer purchasing behaviour for the international sportswear brands insteadof limiting the focus on two amidst the growth of Saudi Arabian market
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Lamprecht, Engela. "The representation of Caster Semenya in Beeld and Rapport during August and September 2009 : a case study." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/80262.
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Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.<br>Bibliography<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The representation of women in the media has been problematic in many respects.
Women have often been portrayed in a limited number of roles and media reports have
often unnecessarily focused on their physical appearance. In 2009, South African athlete
Caster Semenya astonished the athletics world with her times in the 800 m. However, her
performance was soon overshadowed by speculation about her sex. Before long, an
Australian publication claimed that Semenya had male sexual organs and no womb or
ovaries. The publication of this report left other media with a number of ethical dilemmas.
This study examined the representation of Semenya in Beeld and Rapport, two Afrikaans
newspapers, during the height of speculation. The aim of the study was to determine
whether the specified media, in their portrayal of Semenya, adhered to journalism’s
ethical principle of truth-telling. Two theoretical frameworks, namely, Representation and
African womanism, were used as analytical tools. Qualitative content analysis was used to
analyse the portrayal of Semenya. The study found that the representation of Caster
Semenya did not adhere to journalism’s ethical principle of truth-telling in all respects.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die uitbeelding van vroue in die media skiet steeds in verskeie opsigte tekort. Studies oor
die onderwerp dui daarop dat vroue dikwels in ’n beperkte aantal rolle uitgebeeld word.
Daar word ook gereeld onnodig na vroue se fisieke voorkoms verwys. In 2009 het die
Suid-Afrikaanse atleet Caster Semenya die atletiekwêreld verras met haar uitstekende tye
in die 800 m. Dié prestasie is egter gou oorskadu deur media-spekulasie oor die atleet se
geslag. ’n Australiese publikasie het kort daarna ’n berig gepubliseer wat beweer het dat
Semenya manlike geslagorgane het en geen baarmoeder of ovaria nie. Die publikasie van
dié berig het die media voor verskeie etiese uitdagings te staan gebring. Hierdie studie het
die uitbeelding van Semenya in Beeld en Rapport, twee Afrikaanse koerante, gedurende
die hoogtepunt van dié spekulasie ondersoek. Die doel van die studie was om te bepaal of
die spesifieke publikasies gehoor gegee het aan media-etiese voorskrifte met betrekking
tot die weergee van die waarheid. Twee teoretiese raamwerke, naamlik Uitbeelding en
womanism in Afrika, is in dié verband as vertrekpunt gebruik. Kwalitatiewe
inhoudsanalise is gebruik om die uitbeelding van Semenya te ontleed. Die studie het
bevind dat die uitbeelding van Semenya nie in alle opsigte in ooreenstemming was met
dié beginsel nie.
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Schwarz, Simone. "A sporting difference? : A comparative analysis of the media portrayal of male and female athletes during the Olympic Games 201." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för mediestudier, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-143968.
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The underrepresentation of sportswomen in all forms of news coverage has been widely acknowledged by feminist media scholars. However, some researchers claim that there is a shift towards greater gender equality of sports media coverage, especially during the Olympic Games. In light of such studies, the present study examined the quantitative and qualitative media representations of male and female athletes in six German news media outlets during the Olympic Games 2016. The empirical analysis focused on the coverage of the German men’s and women’s hockey team. In contrast to previous studies, the chosen example represents a special case, since on the factual level, hockey can be seen as a gender equal sport, because hockey is played by men and women equally in Germany and both teams won the bronze medal at the Olympics 2016. Content analysis and feminist critical discourse analyses were used to examine in what ways the media portrays male and female hockey players differently and thereby plays a part in the ideological construction of gender. The study found that, although the selected German media outlets gave more coverage to the hockey women than sportswomen usually receive, the coverage was filled with narratives based on hegemonic masculinity that produces striking contrasts between the female and male hockey players. Results show that the media was more likely to minimize the athleticism of the hockey women, by comparing them to the men’s team, including non-sport relevant information or emphasizing their traditional gender roles as wives and mothers. Moreover, the coverage of the female hockey players typically employed expressions which imitate femininity, whereas the language used to report on the male athletes contained power descriptors, conforming to the hegemonic notions of masculinity. Thus, the media reporting produces gender differences and naturalizes a gender hierarchy in which sportswomen are represented as inferior.
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Cafeo, Marta Regina Garcia. "Guerreiras ou meninas : análise das representações das atletas olímpicas na cobertura da “Rio 2016” realizada pelo jornal O Globo - Rio /." Bauru, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/183271.
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Orientador: José Carlos Marques<br>Resumo: A tese teve como objetivo analisar as representações sociais das mulheres olímpicas brasileiras e estrangeiras, a partir das capas do jornal O Globo Rio e do Caderno Especial Rio 2016, durante os Jogos Olímpicos Rio 2016. A participação das mulheres na Rio 2016 foi um destaque, representando 46% dos atletas inscritos, o maior número de mulheres na história dos jogos, e suscitou vários debates sobre igualdade de gêneros. Vários estudos demonstraram que a cobertura esportiva da mídia tende a privilegiar os homens atletas em detrimento das mulheres, e que as atletas costumam ser muito mais retratadas por sua aparência, roupas e vida pessoal em reportagens sobre esportes, do que pelos seus feitos no esporte. A pesquisa apresenta revisão bibliográfica dos estudos de gênero e representações sociais das mulheres; do jogo como elemento da cultura, da dominação masculina no campo esportivo, história das mulheres nos esportes no Brasil e a trajetória das mulheres nas Olimpíadas. Como metodologia, utiliza-se da Análise Crítica do Discurso, para identificar as construções discursivas e as representações das atletas, nas capas do jornal O Globo e do Caderno Especial Rio 2016. Considera-se que a mídia tem um papel importante na construção de novas representações, oportunizando espaço para as mulheres atletas apresentarem sua inserção na prática de esportes. Os discursos da mídia ensejam uma análise de representações, significados e de aspectos simbólicos relativos às configurações de gêner... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)<br>Abstract: The thesis was aimed at analyzing the social representation of Brazilian and foreign Olympic women from the covers of O Globo Rio newspaper and Rio 2016 Special Section during Rio 2016 Olympic Games. The participation of women in Rio 2016 was a highlight, representing 46% of registered athletes, the largest number of women in the history of games, and has sparked several debates on gender equality. Several studies have shown that sports media coverage tends to favor male athletes rather than female ones, and athletes are often much more portrayed by their appearance, clothing and personal life in sports reports. The research presents bibliographical review related to the studies of gender and social representations of the women; the game as an element of culture; male domination in the sports field, the history of women in sports in Brazil and the trajectory of women in the Olympics. As methodology, it is used the Critical Analysis of Discourse, to identify the discursive constructions and the representations of the athletes, in covers of O Globo newspaper and Rio 2016 Special Section during Rio 2016 Olympic Games. It is considered that the media has an important role in the construction of new representations, giving space for the female athletes to present their insertion in the practice of sports. Media discourses provide an analysis of representations, meanings, and symbolic aspects of gender configurations, since it carries meanings that express power relations, social a... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)<br>Doutor
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Carlén, Fredrik, and Mikael Dillenz. "Var är brudarna? : En innehållsanalytisk studie om kvinnliga idrottsutövare i Sportbladet." Thesis, University of Kalmar, School of Communication and Design, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hik:diva-1268.
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<p>The goal with our research has been to describe how often and in what way female athletes are represented in the sport section in Sweden’s biggest evening newspaper Aftonbladet. The material we’ve used are the newspapers that we collected during two weeks in 2008, the 3<sup>rd</sup> of November to the 9<sup>th</sup> of November and the 11<sup>th</sup> of November to the 17<sup>th</sup> of November. We’ve conduced two qualitative researches – a text analysis and an image analysis – and one quantitative analysis on our material. We’ve based our analysis on, among others, theories on the sportmediacomplex, critique feministic analysis and normative theory.</p><p> In these articles women are designed into four different stereotypes. We’ve chosen to call them the star, the victim, the sensation and the absent. On the basis on our theories we believe that these four stereotypes are creating more sexism and in that way they are contributing to the suppressing of women as a whole.</p><p> Our quantitative analysis shows that men occur more frequent on the sport pages than women. Almost nine of ten of the articles in Sportbladet are about men and male athletes. We believe that in this way Sportbladet contributes to the invisibilisation of female athletes and further more to the discrimination of women.</p>
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Bell, Ramona J. "Competing Identities: Representations of the Black Female Sporting Body from 1960 to the Present." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1214250965.
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Rensmo, Mattias, and Lotta Lithner. "Den rödbrusige öldansken : En kvalitativ undersökning om hur danskar framställs i tre svenska tidningar." Thesis, University of Kalmar, School of Communication and Design, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hik:diva-2512.
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<p>The aim of this study was to examine how the Danish people and Denmark are represented in the daily Swedish press. We wanted to examine how the Danish people were represented, the characteristics given to the Danes and the differences we see between the different genres. We used theories about discourse, representation, stereotype and national community, too see what underlying messages was hidden in the texts. We analysed 30 texts from three Swedish daily newspapers: Sydsvenska Dagbladet Snällposten, Dagens Nyheter and Aftonbladet. The method we used was discourse analysis based on Faircloughs theories and methods.One of the most interesting results we found was that the Danish people often were represented as different kinds of stereotypes. We found the following stereotypes that we named: the drunken Danish, the racist, the laidback Danish and the criminal Danish. The drunk Danish stereotype is mostly seen in the text about sports when the journalists are writing about the Danish football supporters. In these texts the supporters are given properties like drunk and that they like to drink a lot of beer when they are watching football. The stereotype that we named the racist, we mostly see in the texts that were about politics and about the Dansk Folkeparti. The laidback Danish is particularly evident in texts that describe the Danish culture. The fourth stereotype, the criminal, we see in the texts about gang violence.Our study also showed that the Danish people and Denmark are represented through people that are not Danish. In many of the texts we could see that Swedish journalists interviewed other Swedish people about Denmark and the Danish people.</p>
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Beaufils, Julien. "Le quotidien d'une "école rouge". La politisation protéiforme du sport en République Démocratique Allemande, à l'exemple de la Deutsche Hochschule für Körperkultur de Leipzig (1969-1990)." Thesis, Paris 3, 2019. http://bibnum.univ-paris3.fr/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=323358.
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Le sport a été un des rares domaines, où l’Allemagne de l’Est a atteint l’excellence mondiale, avec 519 médailles olympiques, dont 192 en or. Toutefois, pour les dirigeants est-allemands, « le sport n’est pas un objectif en soi, c’est un moyen d’atteindre cet objectif », comme l’a prononcé Erich Honecker en 1948. Certes, la RDA a brillé lors des compétitions internationales, mais au prix d’un contrôle permanent de la part des autorités (moyens humains et financiers importants, dopage systématique, culte du secret, encadrement idéologique strict). Le but pour le SED est ici de transmettre une image de puissance à travers le sport. Dans ce système, l’École supérieure allemande pour la culture physique de Leipzig (Deutsche Hochschule für Körperkultur) a joué un rôle de courroie de transmission entre les dirigeants politiques et les sportifs. Fondée en 1950 et active jusqu’en 1990, elle avait pour but de former la majorité des entraîneurs du pays. Elle constitue en cela un miroir des mécanismes en œuvre dans le sport est-allemand. À travers des outils développés par l’Alltagsgeschichte (histoire du quotidien), ce travail se propose d’étudier non seulement les processus de contrôle et de politisation mis en place par le régime du SED afin de s’assurer de la réalisation des objectifs fixés, mais aussi les conséquences de la prévalence de cette idéologie sur la vie quotidienne et les résultats du travail de l’ensemble des acteurs présents au sein de l’École. Cette étude portera sur la période allant de 1969, date de la réforme de l’École l’orientant vers le haut-niveau, à 1990, date de sa dissolution par le gouvernement de Saxe, nouvellement refondé<br>Sport has been one of few domains, where East Germany reached global excellency by gaining 592 Olympic medals, including 192 titles. However, according to the East German leaders “sport is not a goal by itself, but a way to reach that goal”, as Erich Honecker said in 1948. The GDR was brilliantly successful at international competitions, though its government had to permanently control sports activity through high financial and human means, systematical doping practices, high confidentiality, and a very strict ideological supervision. For the SED, spreading an image of power was the main goal assigned to sport. In this system, the German College of Physical Culture of Leipzig (Deutsche Hochschule für Körperkultur) was considered as a place of transmission between political rulers and athletes. The College has been active between 1950 and 1990 and was required to train the majority of trainers in the country. Therefore, it is a mirror of the whole East German sport system. With the methods of the Alltagsgeschichte (history of everyday life), I will deal in this dissertation with the control and politicisation mechanism, set by the SED regime in order to monitor the realisation of those goals. I will also focus on the consequences of the supremacy of ideology on the every day life and the work of all parties within the College. This work will consider the period between 1969 and 1990, i. e. between the reform of the College towards competitive sport and its dissolution by the newly recreated government of Saxony
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Lundbjörk, Henrik, and Stefanie Wessberg. "Letandet efter en ny Zlatan : En kvalitativ undersökning av tv-programmet I Zlatans fotspår." Thesis, Linnaeus University, School of Social Sciences, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-5558.
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<p>The aim of this study is to find out how the tv-program I Zlatans fotspår (English: In Zlatan's footprints) broadcasted on Swedish public service television represent the participating young players and the Swedish football player Zlatan Ibrahimović. Our question formulation reads as follows:</p><p>– How is the participating youths being represented in the tv-program I Zlatans fotspår?</p><p>– How is the football player Zlatan Ibrahimović being represented in the tv-program I Zlatans fotspår?</p><p> </p><p>Our thesis is qualitative and in order to find out how the participants are being represented we used a discourse analysis. We have focused on the theories discourse, identity, representation, stereotypes, discrimination and the perspective social constructionism. We chose to analyze some of the interviews with the young players and with Zlatan Ibrahimović. We also analyzed the voice-over that figured in the program. Worth mentioned is that we had an idea that there would be some discrimination and stereotyping in the program.</p><p> </p><p>The result of our analysis shows that the voice-over uses some discriminating and stereotyping descriptions of the young players. The descriptions made by the voice-over are on the whole very inconsequent, some focus on the players’ qualities on the football pitch whilst others are about their personal qualities. In the interviews with the players these kind of values aren’t shown that explicit as in the voice-over. But the interviewer’s questions are sometimes formulated in a way that creates a distance towards the players. Moreover, there are just longer interviews with five of the nine players.</p><p> </p><p>The result also shows that Zlatan Ibrahimović is being described and represented as the big star, a national hero that the young players look up to and want to be like. He has gone through the journey that awaits many of the young players and he managed to finish at the very top. Although Zlatan is being represented like this he still thinks that he has a lot left to learn and that he is far from being the complete football player.</p>
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Sampson, David. "Strangers in a strange land the 1868 Aborigines and other indigenous performers in mid-Victorian Britain /." Click here for electronic access to document: http://epress.lib.uts.edu.au/dspace/handle/2100/314, 2000. http://epress.lib.uts.edu.au/dspace/handle/2100/314.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Technology, Sydney, 2000.<br>Sportsmen: Tarpot, Tom Wills, Mullagh, King Cole, Jellico, Peter, Red Cap, Harry Rose, Bullocky, Johnny Cuzens, Dick-a-Dick, Charley Dumas, Jim Crow, Sundown, Mosquito, Tiger and Twopenny. Bibliography: p. 431-485.
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Norell, Jesper, and Lina Storfors. "En annan Anna och Thomas nya steg : En diskursanalys av svenska nyhetstidningars förändrade framställning av Anna Holmlund och Thomas Fogdö efter funktionsnedsättningar." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för medier och journalistik (MJ), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-79909.
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The aim of this thesis was to examine how the media representation of elite skiers Anna Holmlund and Thomas Fogdö was altered following their accidents resulting in disabilities. In order to examine this a critical discourse analysis was performed on 16 newspaper articles from Tidningarnas Telegrambyrå, Expressen, Dagens Nyheter, Göteborgs-posten, Sundsvalls Tidning and Aftonbladet, out of which eight of them had been published before the skiers respective accidents and the other eight afterwards. The results showed that swedish newspapers shifted their focus from how the skiers performed in competitions prior to their accidents to how their bodies functioned and how they would perform everyday tasks following the accidents. We found that this would distance Holmlund and Fogdö, representing them as deviants when compared to non-disabled people. In contrast to this we found that Holmlund and Fogdö would be allowed to talk about or show their lives and bodies in great detail. This would seem to function as a way of teaching non-disabled people of what it’s like to live with a disability. Through this Holmlund and Fogdö were represented as ambassadors for the disabled collective. We also found that there was a risk of objectification which would increase in connection with a decrease in Holmlund and Fogdö’s represented ability to communicate and function as a non-disabled person does. This also appears to increase the risk of having one’s voice excluded by other people talking in one’s place.