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Journal articles on the topic 'REPL'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Wu, Wei, Shannon K. D. Leblanc, James Piktel, Susan E. Jensen, and Kenneth L. Roy. "Prediction and functional analysis of the replication origin of the linear plasmid pSCL2 inStreptomyces clavuligerus." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 52, no. 4 (April 1, 2006): 293–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w05-126.

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pSCL2 (120 kb), one of the linear plasmids found in Streptomyces clavuligerus NRRL3585, was isolated and partially sequenced. Computational analysis of the central region of pSCL2 revealed the presence of two open reading frames that appear to encode proteins highly homologous to RepL1 and RepL2, replication proteins from pSLA2-L, the large linear plasmid in Streptomyces rochei. The S. clavuligerus open reading frames were designated repC1 and repC2, encoding the proteins RepC1 (150 amino acids) and RepC2 (102 amino acids), respectively. The RepC and RepL proteins have identical translation features and very similar predicted secondary and tertiary structures. Functional analysis confirmed that RepC1 is essential for replication initiation of pSCL2, whereas RepC2 is dispensable but may play a role in copy number control. The RepC and RepL proteins do not show similarity to any other bacterial plasmid replication proteins. Three regions of DNA sequence, Box 1 (1050–850 bp), Box 2 (723–606 bp), and Box 3 (224–168 bp), located upstream of repC1, were also shown to be essential or very important for replication of pSCL2.Key words: pSCL2, Streptomyces clavuligerus, replication origin.

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2

Liaqat Ali Khan, Norhayati, Tamer Nafee, Tingting Shao, Amber Rose Hart, Sarah Elliott, Bolarinde Ola, Paul Roy Heath, and Alireza Fazeli. "Dysregulation in Multiple Transcriptomic Endometrial Pathways Is Associated with Recurrent Implantation Failure and Recurrent Early Pregnancy Loss." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 24 (December 16, 2022): 16051. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232416051.

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Overlapping disease aetiologies associated with multiple altered biological processes have been identified that change the endometrial function leading to recurrent implantation failure (RIF) and recurrent early pregnancy loss (REPL). We aimed to provide a detailed insight into the nature of the biological malfunction and related pathways of differentially expressed genes in RIF and REPL. Endometrial biopsies were obtained from 9 women experiencing RIF, REPL and control groups. Affymetrix microarray analysis was performed to measure the gene expression level of the endometrial biopsies. Unsupervised clustering of endometrial samples shows scattered distribution of gene expression between the RIF, REPL and control groups. 2556 and 1174 genes (p value < 0.05, Fold change > 1.2) were significantly altered in the endometria of RIF and REPL patients’ group, respectively compared to the control group. Downregulation in Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in RIF and REPL including ribosome and oxidative phosphorylation pathways. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis revealed ribosomes and mitochondria inner membrane as the most significantly downregulated cellular component (CC) affected in RIF and REPL. Determination of the dysregulated genes and related biological pathways in RIF and REPL will be key in understanding their molecular pathology and of major importance in addressing diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment issues

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3

Mars, D. R., C. M. Tucker, R. C. Ziller, W. R. Smith, and M. P. Coons. "D.R. Mars and Colleagues Repl." Peritoneal Dialysis International: Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis 12, no. 2 (April 1992): 265. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089686089201200216.

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4

Huang, Ming-Ke, and Chuen-Yen Chow. "Repl b Authors to P.R. Payne." Journal of Aircraft 22, no. 4 (April 1985): 351. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/3.56754.

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5

Peijnenburg, Jeanne. "Repliek." Algemeen Nederlands Tijdschrift voor Wijsbegeerte 107, no. 2 (June 30, 2015): 199–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/antw2015.2.repl.

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6

Bridgewater, Ben, and Antony D. Grayson. "Improving mortality of coronary surgery: Authors' repl." BMJ 329, no. 7470 (October 7, 2004): 855.3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.329.7470.855-b.

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7

Khan, Faiz M. "Replacement correction (P repl ) for ion chamber dosimetry." Medical Physics 18, no. 6 (November 1991): 1244–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.596597.

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8

Olmedilla Zafra, Aurelio, Joel M. Prieto Andreu, and Amador Blas Redondo. "Relaciones entre estrés psicosocial y lesiones deportivas en tenistas." Universitas Psychologica 10, no. 3 (August 25, 2010): 909–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.11144/javeriana.upsy10-3.repl.

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El propósito de este trabajo fue evaluar el estrés social percibido y su relación con las lesiones deportivas, en jugadores de tenis. Sesenta y tres tenistas masculinos, con una media de edad de 31,62 años (DT=8,93), pertenecientes a Clubes Deportivos de la Provincia de Alicante (España), cumplimentaron instrumentos de estrés psicosocial y de lesiones sufridas durante el año anterior a la evaluación. Los resultados indican que los sucesos vitales experimentados se relacionan con algunas de las lesiones sufridas por los tenistas. Se han encontrado relaciones entre el grado de tensión psicológica experimentada, y la evaluación negativa de esta tensión, con el tipo (lesiones en muñecas, tobillos y esguinces), y la gravedad de las lesiones (lesiones leves).

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9

Sprincova, Adriana, Peter Javorsky, and Peter Pristas. "pSRD191, a new member of RepL replicating plasmid family from Selenomonas ruminantium." Plasmid 54, no. 1 (July 2005): 39–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.plasmid.2004.11.004.

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10

Wielopolski, Lucian, Sujatha Pai, and Marc Mlyn. "Semianalytical expressions for (L̄/p)airmed and P repl for electron beams." Medical Physics 18, no. 3 (May 1991): 559–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.596745.

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11

Bertini, Marco, and Mathias Lux. "nteract." ACM SIGMultimedia Records 12, no. 2 (June 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3548562.3548569.

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Writing source code for programs with lightweight text editors or fully featured integrated development environments is considered the main method of programming. Notebooks, however, are an extremely practical tool. In contrast to IDEs, projects are set up more easily and they allow for running programs in a read-eval-print loop (REPL) environment. The Jupyter Notebooks Quick Start Guide [1] describes notebook documents as "… both human-readable documents containing the analysis description and the results (figures, tables, etc..) as well as executable documents which can be run to perform data analysis." Basically, markdown text can be mixed with program source code in a sequence of sections, each dedicated to either programming or description and documentation. Source code sections can be executed and the output is appended to the section, even formatted in the form of graphs, diagrams, or tables. REPL and notebook based environments have proven to be useful in many scenarios including when exploring new libraries and frameworks, to prototype code, or as an educational tool to create interactive lecture material. A prominent example is Jupyter, which is the highly successful project behind Jupyter Notebooks and the recent JupyterLab, i.e. web-based systems to run and share notebooks that contain code, equations, data visualizations, and data exploration and narrative text.

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12

Kubo, H., L. J. Kent, and G. Krithivas. "Determinations of N gas and P repl factors from commercially available parallel-plate chambers: AAPM Task Group 21 protocol." Medical Physics 13, no. 6 (November 1986): 908–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.595968.

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13

Salama, Ramiz, Ahmed Qazi, and Mohamed Elsayed. "Online programming language—Learning management system." Global Journal of Information Technology: Emerging Technologies 8, no. 3 (December 29, 2018): 114–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/gjit.v8i3.4051.

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Today, college and university students find themselves with the need more than getting a degree. Work and social life commitments make equal demands on their time. The option of taking online classes and studying on their own is a must. However, many state institutions are unable to accommodate all those who want to take classes on campus, escalating the demand for online learning. The aim of this project is development of learning management system (LMS). You can be as a teacher and upload your course materials to all students in our LMS. With our LMS, you are online every time, you can get messages from all students and teacher, without e-mail, just by your username in our system. Also, you can compile your code and share the result with others by social media links using REPL IT online compiler. So, our LMS provide all facilities for taking online course. Keywords: LMS, compiler, cloud EC2, route 53, easy engine, learn press.

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14

Araki, Fujio. "Monte Carlo calculations of the replacement correction factor, P repl, for cylindrical chamber cavities in clinical photon and electron beams." Radiological Physics and Technology 5, no. 2 (April 22, 2012): 199–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12194-012-0154-5.

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15

Kedar, Prabhakar, Prashant Warang, Kanjaksha Ghosh, and Roshan Colah. "Recessive congenital methemoglobinemia due to NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase deficiency associated with recurrent early pregnancy loss (REPL) in an Indian family." Annals of Hematology 91, no. 12 (July 15, 2012): 1985–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00277-012-1513-3.

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16

Kouskolekas, C. A., J. D. Harper, and M. H. Hollingsworth. "Collard Insect Control in Alabama, 1984." Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 10, no. 1 (January 1, 1985): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/10.1.91.

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Abstract Field plots were established at the North Alabama Horticulture Substation in a field of collards planted at a row spacing of 36 inches with 18 inches between plants within the rows. A randomized complete block design was utilized with 4 repl. Each plot was 2 rows by 15 ft. Materials were applied with a CO2 pressurized backpack sprayer fitted with a TX 18 hollow cone nozzle and operating at 60 psi. Each row was sprayed 3 times, once over the top and once with the spray directed into each side of the row for a total delivery rate of 33 gallons per acre. All plots were treated on 25 Jul, 1 Aug, and 7 Aug. Treatment efficacy was determined by visual ratings of each plot on 1 and 8 Aug and by larval counts on 3 leaves from the second whorl of leaves from the top of the plant on 7 Aug. Visual ratings were based on a scale of 1 to 6 where 1 = 0 to 1%, 2 = 2 to 5%, 3 = 6 to 10%, 4 = 11 to 20%, 5 = 21 to 50%, and 6 = 51 to 100% defoliation.

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17

Kuchnir, Franca T., and Chester S. Reft. "Experimental values for P wall, x and P repl, E for five parallel-plate, ion chambers-A new analysis of previously published data." Medical Physics 19, no. 2 (March 1992): 367. http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.596910.

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18

Masaoud, Elmabrok, and Henrik Stryhn. "A comparison of statistical methods for the analysis of binary repeated measures data with additional hierarchical structure." Journal of Statistical Research 54, no. 1 (August 25, 2020): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.47302/jsr.2020540101.

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The objective of the study was to compare statistical methods for the analysis of binary repeated measures data with an additional hierarchical level. Random effects true models with autocorrelated ($\rho=1$, 0.9 or 0.5) subject random effects were used in this simulation study. The settings of the simulation were chosen to reflect a real veterinary somatic cell count dataset, except that the within--subject time series were balanced, complete and of fixed length (4 or 8 time points). Four fixed effects parameters were studied: binary predictors at the subject and cluster levels, respectively, a linear time effect, and the intercept. The following marginal and random effects statistical procedures were considered: ordinary logistic regression (OLR), alternating logistic regression (ALR), generalized estimating equations (GEE), marginal quasi-likelihood (MQL), penalized quasi-likelihood (PQL), pseudo likelihood (REPL), maximum likelihood (ML) estimation and Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC). The performance of these estimation procedures was compared specifically for the four fixed parameters as well as variance and correlation parameters. The findings of this study indicate that in data generated by random intercept models ($\rho=1$), the ML and MCMC procedures performed well and had fairly similar estimation errors. The PQL regression estimates were attenuated while the variance estimates were less accurate than ML and MCMC, but the direction of the bias depended on whether binomial or extra-binomial dispersion was assumed. In datasets with autocorrelation ($\rho<1$), random effects estimates procedures gave downwards biased estimates, while marginal estimates were little affected by the presence of autocorrelation. The results also indicate that in addition to ALR, a GEE procedure that accounts for clustering at the highest hierarchical level is sufficient.

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19

Petersen, Jörn, John Vollmers, Victoria Ringel, Henner Brinkmann, Claire Ellebrandt-Sperling, Cathrin Spröer, Alexandra M. Howat, J. Colin Murrell, and Anne-Kristin Kaster. "A marine plasmid hitchhiking vast phylogenetic and geographic distances." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 41 (September 23, 2019): 20568–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1905878116.

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Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) plays an important role in bacterial evolution and serves as a driving force for bacterial diversity and versatility. HGT events often involve mobile genetic elements like plasmids, which can promote their own dissemination by associating with adaptive traits in the gene pool of the so-called mobilome. Novel traits that evolve through HGT can therefore lead to the exploitation of new ecological niches, prompting an adaptive radiation of bacterial species. In this study, we present phylogenetic, biogeographic, and functional analyses of a previously unrecognized RepL-type plasmid found in diverse members of the marine Roseobacter group across the globe. Noteworthy, 100% identical plasmids were detected in phylogenetically and geographically distant bacteria, revealing a so-far overlooked, but environmentally highly relevant vector for HGT. The genomic and functional characterization of this plasmid showed a completely conserved backbone dedicated to replication, stability, and mobilization as well as an interchangeable gene cassette with highly diverse, but recurring motifs. The majority of the latter appear to be involved in mechanisms coping with toxins and/or pollutants in the marine environment. Furthermore, we provide experimental evidence that the plasmid has the potential to be transmitted across bacterial orders, thereby increasing our understanding of evolution and microbial niche adaptation in the environment.

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20

Kubo, H., L. J. Kent, and G. Krithivas. "Erratum: Determinations of N gas and P repl factors from commercially available parallel-plate chambers: AAPM Task Group 21 protocol [Med. Phys. 13 , 908 (1986)]." Medical Physics 14, no. 3 (May 1987): 425. http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.596060.

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21

Vukčević, Predrag. "Translating the term real and its use in rap music." Kultura, no. 162 (2018): 242–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/kultura1962242v.

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22

McEnaney, Tom. "Real-to-Reel." Representations 137, no. 1 (2017): 143–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/rep.2017.137.1.143.

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This article develops a linguistic media theory that brings together Peircean materialist indexicality from Barthes, Bazin, Doane, Krauss, and others with linguistic anthropologist Michael Silverstein’s nonreferential (social) indexicality. Following Argentine sound artist Eduardo Costa’s practice with tape recording, the article challenges critical theory to account for the sonic meaning at play in pragmatic (nonsemantic) communication related to gender, race, and diasporic community. More than a mere supplement or limit, material sonic media expand aesthetic representation, and media archaeology opens new possibilities to intervene in language politics.

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23

Mizejewski, Linda, and B. Ruby Rich. "Reel to Real." Women's Review of Books 16, no. 4 (January 1999): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4023110.

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24

Shankar, Shalini. "Reel to real." Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA) 14, no. 2-3 (June 1, 2004): 317–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/prag.14.2-3.12sha.

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Diasporic media, though widely discussed theoretically and occasionally ethnographically, are seldom explored with explicit attention to language. “Bollywood” films - feature-length movies produced and distributed in Bombay (Mumbai), India - are an excellent media source through which to examine linguistic anthropological topics of indexicality, bivalency, and identity in diasporic communities. In this paper, I analyze the circulation and consumption of Bollywood films - created in Hindi and subtitled in English - among South Asian-American (desi) communities in both Silicon Valley, CA and Queens, NY. Bollywood films are watched in family and peer groups, and portions of the films’ songs and dialogue become incorporated into everyday speech practices. I present and analyze instances of Hindi film dialogue interwoven into conversational exchanges between desi teens in ways that impact negotiations of style and identity. For many teens, the films provide narrative frameworks, prescripted dialogue, and socially recognizable registers and varieties of affect through which they enact their own dynamics of humor, flirting, conflict, and other types of talk. Drawing on ethnographic and sociolinguistic data, I contrast how these processes vary between these two diasporic communities.

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25

Scherzinger, Eberhard, Volker Haring, Rudi Lurz, and Sabine Otto. "Plasmid RSF1010 DNA replicationin vitropromoted by purified RSF1010 RepA, RepB and RepC proteins." Nucleic Acids Research 19, no. 6 (1991): 1203–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/19.6.1203.

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26

Adner, Ron, and Daniel A. Levinthal. "Reply: Real Options and Real Tradeoffs." Academy of Management Review 29, no. 1 (January 1, 2004): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20159014.

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27

Calisch, Abby. "From Reel to Real." Afterimage 29, no. 3 (November 2001): 22–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/aft.2001.29.3.22.

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28

Cooper, J. M., S. Mountantonakis, and M. R. Robinson. "'Selective' reel syndrome? Reply." Europace 13, no. 1 (November 18, 2010): 143–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/europace/euq420.

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29

Not Available, Not Available. "Reel to Real History." Radical Society 29, no. 2 (January 1, 2002): 25–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1476085022000036745.

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30

Markson, Elizabeth W., and Carol A. Taylor. "Real versus Reel World:." Women & Therapy 14, no. 1-2 (June 23, 1993): 157–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j015v14n01_14.

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31

Paquette, Mary. "Real Life and Reel Life." Perspectives in Psychiatric Care 39, no. 2 (June 28, 2008): 47–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6163.2003.tb00675.x.

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32

Lieberman, Philip, William Katz, Allard Jongman, Roger Zimmerman, and Mark Miller. "Reply to Bruno H. Repp." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 78, no. 3 (September 1985): 1116–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.393033.

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33

Veit, B. E., and W. L. Fangman. "Copy number and partition of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae 2 micron plasmid controlled by transcription regulators." Molecular and Cellular Biology 8, no. 11 (November 1988): 4949–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.8.11.4949-4957.1988.

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The 2 micron plasmid of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is maintained by the action of plasmid-encoded gene products that control copy number and promote equipartition of plasmid copies at cell division. We show that the REP1 and REP2 plasmid-encoded gene products are master regulators that act in concert to autoregulate the level of their own transcripts and to regulate transcript levels of the FLP gene that promotes plasmid copy amplification. REP1 and REP2 are also shown to repress transcription at REP3, the cis-acting site essential for plasmid equipartitioning. We propose a model in which REP3 acts by dislodging transcription apparatuses that otherwise cause plasmid molecules to adhere to the mother nucleus and segregate asymmetrically. On the basis of their ability to generate specific chromatin structures, we also propose that the REP1 and REP2 gene products interact with different specific sequences found iterated in the 2 micron plasmid.

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34

Ramírez-Romero, Miguel A., Nora Soberón, Angeles Pérez-Oseguera, Juan Téllez-Sosa, and Miguel A. Cevallos. "Structural Elements Required for Replication and Incompatibility of the Rhizobium etli Symbiotic Plasmid." Journal of Bacteriology 182, no. 11 (June 1, 2000): 3117–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.182.11.3117-3124.2000.

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ABSTRACT The symbiotic plasmid of Rhizobium etli CE3 belongs to the RepABC family of plasmid replicons. This family is characterized by the presence of three conserved genes, repA,repB, and repC, encoded by the same DNA strand. A long intergenic sequence (igs) between repBand repC is also conserved in all members of the plasmid family. In this paper we demonstrate that (i) the repABCgenes are organized in an operon; (ii) the RepC product is essential for replication; (iii) RepA and RepB products participate in plasmid segregation and in the regulation of plasmid copy number; (iv) there are two cis-acting incompatibility regions, one located in the igs (incα) and the other downstream ofrepC (incβ) (the former is essential for replication); and (v) RepA is a trans-acting incompatibility factor. We suggest that incα is acis-acting site required for plasmid partitioning and that the origin of replication lies within incβ.

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35

Veit, B. E., and W. L. Fangman. "Copy number and partition of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae 2 micron plasmid controlled by transcription regulators." Molecular and Cellular Biology 8, no. 11 (November 1988): 4949–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.8.11.4949.

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The 2 micron plasmid of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is maintained by the action of plasmid-encoded gene products that control copy number and promote equipartition of plasmid copies at cell division. We show that the REP1 and REP2 plasmid-encoded gene products are master regulators that act in concert to autoregulate the level of their own transcripts and to regulate transcript levels of the FLP gene that promotes plasmid copy amplification. REP1 and REP2 are also shown to repress transcription at REP3, the cis-acting site essential for plasmid equipartitioning. We propose a model in which REP3 acts by dislodging transcription apparatuses that otherwise cause plasmid molecules to adhere to the mother nucleus and segregate asymmetrically. On the basis of their ability to generate specific chromatin structures, we also propose that the REP1 and REP2 gene products interact with different specific sequences found iterated in the 2 micron plasmid.

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36

Ibrahim Al-Trad, Esra’a, Ainal Mardziah Che Hamzah, Chew Chieng Yeo, Suat Moi Puah, Kek Heng Chua, and Ching Hoong Chew. "Whole Genome Sequencing of a Clinical Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus from Terengganu Led to the Discovery of a Novel 58.4 kb Conjugative Plasmid." Asian Journal of Medicine and Biomedicine 6, S1 (November 9, 2022): 87–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.37231/ajmb.2022.6.s1.539.

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Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has been listed by the World Health Organization as a priority antibiotic-resistant nosocomial pathogen in urgent need of new antimicrobials [1]. Plasmids are a key factor in the pathology and epidemiology of MRSA isolates and play important roles in their evolution. In our on-going efforts to better understand the genetic background and molecular epidemiology of MRSA isolates from Terengganu, Malaysia, whole genome sequencing using Illumina HiSeq platform (HiSeq-PE150) was performed on a 31 selection of clinical isolates obtained from the main tertiary hospital, Hospital Sultanah Nur Zahirah (HSNZ). One of these isolates, designated S. aureus SauR23, was isolated from pus in 2016 and was resistant to seven classes of antimicrobials and thus categorized as multidrug resistant (MDR). Analysis of the genome sequence of SauR23 showed it belonged to the ST22 clone with a SCCmec class IV(2B) and harbored the blaZ, mecA, norA, lmrS, mepR and ermC resistance genes, which corresponded to its MDR phenotype. Besides the norA-encoded efflux pump, fluoroquinolone resistance in SauR23 could also be due to the S84L point mutation in its gyrA-encoded DNA gyrase. SauR23 was found to carry three plasmids, designated pSauR23-1 (58,422 bp), pSauR23-2 (3,011 bp), and pSauR23-3 (2,473 bp). The smallest plasmid, pSauR23-3 was a RepL-family plasmid that encoded the ermC gene and was likely responsible for the inducible macrolide-lincosamide-streptogrammin B (iMLSB) phenotype exhibited by the host strain. Plasmid pSauR23-2 was a Rep_1 family small cryptic plasmid. On the other hand, pSauR23-1 is a novel, potentially conjugative plasmid that contains a replicase of the RepA_N domain (repUS20) that shared low sequence identity (34%) to the RepA_N replicase of pWBG749, a known staphylococcal conjugative plasmid. The putative conjugative region of pSauR23-1 differed from the conjugative transfer system of pWBG749 as well as other known conjugative systems in the database. Nevertheless, genes which contained conserved motifs for the MobL relaxase, the TraG/TraD-like conjugative transfer protein, and a type VI secretion system ATPase were detected within this region of the plasmid.

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37

Robinett, Betty Wallace, Samuela Eckstut, and Despina Scoulos. "Real to Reel: Reading and Listening." Modern Language Journal 70, no. 4 (1986): 454. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/326866.

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38

Hale, Bob. "Real Necessity: A Reply to Barnes." Disputatio 1, no. 13 (November 1, 2002): 10–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/disp-2002-0008.

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39

Weiser, Philip J., and Thomas Bleha. "The FCC's Real Wrongs [with Reply]." Foreign Affairs 84, no. 5 (2005): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20031714.

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40

Totman, Sally, and P. David Marshall. "Real/reel politics and popular culture." Celebrity Studies 6, no. 4 (September 28, 2015): 603–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19392397.2015.1092214.

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41

Hjorth, Larissa. "Being Real in the Mobile Reel." Convergence: The International Journal of Research into New Media Technologies 14, no. 1 (February 2008): 91–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1354856507084421.

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42

Savarese, Gianluigi, and Pasquale Perrone-Filardi. "Reply to: Ezetimibe: A real effect?" International Journal of Cardiology 209 (April 2016): 337–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.02.061.

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43

Brown, Peter G. "EDITOR'S NOTEBOOK: 2001: Reel to Real." Sciences 41, no. 1 (January 2, 2001): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.2326-1951.2001.tb03537.x.

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44

Golomb, Beatrice A. "Too Sweet to Be Real?—Reply." Archives of Internal Medicine 172, no. 16 (September 10, 2012): 1270. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archinternmed.2012.3388.

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Dempsey, Timothy M., and Andrew H. Limper. "Reply to Callahan: Identifying “Real” Patients in the Real World." American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 201, no. 2 (January 15, 2020): 257–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/rccm.201908-1538le.

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46

Francia, Maria Victoria, Keith E. Weaver, Patricia Goicoechea, Patricia Tille, and Don B. Clewell. "Characterization of an Active Partition System for the Enterococcus faecalis Pheromone-Responding Plasmid pAD1." Journal of Bacteriology 189, no. 23 (September 28, 2007): 8546–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.00719-07.

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ABSTRACT Enterococcus faecalis plasmid pAD1 is a 60-kb conjugative, low-copy-number plasmid that encodes a mating response to the peptide sex pheromone cAD1 and a cytolytic exotoxin that contributes to virulence. Although aspects of conjugation have been studied extensively, relatively little is known about the control of pAD1 maintenance. Previous work on pAD1 identified a 5-kb region of DNA sufficient to support replication, copy control, and stable inheritance (K. E. Weaver, D. B. Clewell, and F. An, J. Bacteriol. 175:1900-1909, 1993), and recently, the pAD1 replication initiator (RepA) and the origin of vegetative replication (oriV) were characterized (M. V. Francia, S. Fujimoto, P. Tille, K. E. Weaver, and D. B. Clewell, J. Bacteriol. 186:5003-5016, 2004). The present study focuses on the adjacent determinants repB and repC, as well as a group of 25 8-bp direct repeats (iterons with the consensus sequence TAGTARRR) located between the divergently transcribed repA and repB. Through mutagenesis and trans-complementation experiments, RepB (a 33-kDa protein, a member of the ParA superfamily of ATPases) and RepC (a protein of 14.4 kDa) were shown to be required for maximal stabilization. Both were active in trans. The iteron region was shown to act as the pAD1 centromere-like site. Purified RepC was shown by DNA mobility shift and DNase I footprinting analyses to interact in a sequence-specific manner with the iteron repeats upstream of the repBC locus. The binding of RepC to the iteron region was shown to be modified by RepB in the presence of ATP via a possible interaction with the RepC-iteron complex. RepB did not bind to the iteron region in the absence of RepC.

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Francia, Maria Victoria, Shuhei Fujimoto, Patricia Tille, Keith E. Weaver, and Don B. Clewell. "Replication of Enterococcus faecalis Pheromone-Responding Plasmid pAD1: Location of the Minimal Replicon and oriV Site and RepA Involvement in Initiation of Replication." Journal of Bacteriology 186, no. 15 (August 1, 2004): 5003–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.186.15.5003-5016.2004.

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ABSTRACT The hemolysin-determining plasmid pAD1 is a member of a widely disseminated family of highly conjugative elements commonly present in clinical isolates of Enterococcus faecalis. The determinants repA, repB, and repC, as well as adjacent iteron sequences, are believed to play important roles in pAD1 replication and maintenance. The repA gene encodes an initiator protein, whereas repB and repC encode proteins related to stability and copy number. The present study focuses specifically on repA and identifies a replication origin (oriV) within a central region of the repA determinant. A small segment of repA carrying oriV was able to support replication in cis of a plasmid vector otherwise unable to replicate, if an intact RepA was supplied in trans. We demonstrate that under conditions in which RepA is expressed from an artificial promoter, a segment of DNA carrying only repA is sufficient for stable replication in E. faecalis. We also show that RepA binds specifically to oriV DNA at several sites containing inverted repeat sequences (i.e., IR-1) and nonspecifically to single-stranded DNA, and related genetic analyses confirm that these sequences play an important role in replication. Finally, we reveal a relationship between the internal structure of RepA and its ability to recognize oriV. An in-frame deletion within repA resulting in loss of 105 nucleotides, including at least part of oriV, did not eliminate the ability of the altered RepA protein to initiate replication using an intact origin provided in trans. The relationship of RepA to other known initiator proteins is also discussed.

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Cervantes-Rivera, Ramón, Cristina Romero-López, Alfredo Berzal-Herranz, and Miguel A. Cevallos. "Analysis of the Mechanism of Action of the Antisense RNA That Controls the Replication of the repABC Plasmid p42d." Journal of Bacteriology 192, no. 13 (April 30, 2010): 3268–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.00118-10.

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ABSTRACT Replication and segregation of the Rhizobium etli symbiotic plasmid (pRetCFN42d) depend on the presence of a repABC operon, which carries all the plasmid-encoded elements required for these functions. All repABC operons share three protein-encoding genes (repA, repB, and repC), an antisense RNA (ctRNA) coding gene, and at least one centromere-like region (parS). The products of repA and repB, in conjunction with the parS region, make up the segregation system, and they negatively regulate operon transcription. The last gene of the operon, repC, encodes the initiator protein. The ctRNA is a negative posttranscriptional regulator of repC. In this work, we analyzed the secondary structures of the ctRNA and its target and mapped the motifs involved in the complex formed between them. Essential residues for the effective interaction localize at the unpaired 5′ end of the antisense molecule and the loop of the target mRNA. In light of our results, we propose a model explaining the mechanism of action of this ctRNA in the regulation of plasmid replication in R. etli.

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Allen, K. J. "Reel to Real: Prospects for Flexible Displays." Proceedings of the IEEE 93, no. 8 (August 2005): 1394–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jproc.2005.851511.

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Wright, Erik Olin. "Reply to Comments on Envisioning Real Utopias." New Political Science 34, no. 3 (September 2012): 395–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07393148.2012.703861.

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