Journal articles: 'Renewable energy systems (except smart systems engineering)'

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Engel, Dominik. "Enhancing privacy in smart energy systems." e & i Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik 137, no. 1 (December 17, 2019): 33–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00502-019-00779-4.

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AbstractThe mission to move from fossil to renewable energy sources is accompanied and enabled by the digitalization of our energy systems. With the introduction of information and communication technologies, the widespread integration of distributed, renewable sources, even in the distribution grid, are enabled. New use cases such as fast EV charging, local energy communities and dynamic energy tariffs are also enabled. However, this move toward digitalization also increases the exposure of the energy systems for cybercrime and raises concerns regarding the privacy of personal data. In this article, we address the issue of privacy in smart energy systems and give an overview of current methods to enhance privacy.

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Ugwu, Justin, Kenneth C. Odo, Chibuike Peter Ohanu, Jorge García, and Ramy Georgious. "Comprehensive Review of Renewable Energy Communication Modeling for Smart Systems." Energies 16, no. 1 (December 29, 2022): 409. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16010409.

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Due to the rising trends in the adoption of smart systems such as smart grids, smart homes, and vehicle-to-grid, there has been a lot of research interest in these areas. To manage these complex systems effectively and intelligently, a reliable, high-speed, and secure data communication network is very essential. The key distinguishing feature between smart systems and traditional ones is that smart systems use a two-way communication system while traditional systems usually use one-way communication. The requirements and techniques needed to ensure safe, secure, and reliable communication in smart systems have been the focus of many researchers in recent times. This work is aimed at providing a comprehensive, all-encompassing, up-to-date review of smart systems communication to ascertain the research directions as well as challenges. This review will guide other researchers in delving into smart systems communication to identify potential research problems and future research directions or research gaps.

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Kim, Min-Hwi, Deuk-Won Kim, and Dong-Won Lee. "Feasibility of Low Carbon Renewable Energy City Integrated with Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems." Energies 14, no. 21 (November 4, 2021): 7342. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14217342.

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This study evaluated the energy saving potential of renewable energy generation systems based on integrated solar energy in an urban environment. The solar city concept was implemented using photovoltaic (PV) and solar thermal systems. As a case study, the Sejong national pilot smart city in South Korea was selected to evaluate the renewable energy penetration rate. For evaluating the proposed renewable energy systems, the electrical and thermal loads of the smart city were estimated using field measurement data. Then, the renewable energy penetration rate of the city was evaluated. The HomerPro software was used to analyze the PV generation and operating energy consumption of the natural gas (NG) generator with a district heating network. The thermal load-supporting potential of the solar thermal system was estimated using the TRNSYS software. The results showed that the proposed urban integrated renewable energy system could meet over 30% of the renewable energy penetration rate and the levelized cost of energy and total net present cost was 7% lower than the base case system (i.e., NG generator). The proposed system also exhibited 38% less CO2 emissions than the base case system.

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Ge, Leijiao, Jun Yan, Yonghui Sun, and Zhongguan Wang. "Situational Awareness for Smart Distribution Systems." Energies 15, no. 11 (June 6, 2022): 4164. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15114164.

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In recent years, the accelerating climate change and intensifying natural disasters have called for more renewable, resilient, and reliable energy from more distributed sources to more diversified consumers, resulting in a pressing need for advanced situational awareness of modern smart distribution systems [...]

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Østergaard, Poul Alberg, Rasmus Magni Johannsen, Neven Duić, and Henrik Lund. "Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environmental Systems and Smart Energy Systems." International Journal of Sustainable Energy Planning and Management 34 (May 25, 2022): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.54337/ijsepm.7269.

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This 34th volume of the International Journal of Sustainable Energy Planning and Management includes papers from the 2021 conference on Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environmental Systems (SDEWES) held October 10-15, 2021, in Dubrovnik, Croatia as well as the 7th International Conference on Smart Energy Systems held September 21-22 in Copenhagen, Denmark and two normal papers. A focus area of this issue is district heating and district cooling systems, with articles addressing resources for district heating and cooling systems, impacts of having individual district heating metres for consumers and approaches to analysing district heating systems. Another focus area is stakeholder involvement where two groups of researchers focus on stakeholders from an energy island perspective as well as from a positive energy district perspective. Both groups note the importance of factoring in stakeholders when devising transition plans. Plans for increasing the penetration of renewable energy sources for the Estonian, Latvia and Lithuanian systems are analysed using the Backbone model, finding modest increases in system costs. Lastly, an article sets up an indicator system for assessing environmental performance of European Union member states ranking, e.g., Estonian, Latvia and Lithuanian as moderate (Estonia and Latvia) to weak (Lithuania) in terms of sustainable energy performance score, based on 2019 data.

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Lam, Albert Y. S., Bogusław Łazarz, and Grzegorz Peruń. "Smart Energy and Intelligent Transportation Systems." Energies 15, no. 8 (April 15, 2022): 2900. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15082900.

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Ferro, Giulio, Michela Robba, and Roberto Sacile. "Optimal Control of Smart Distributed Power and Energy Systems." Energies 15, no. 1 (December 21, 2021): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15010003.

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Vinoth, R., R. Nedumaran, P. Alexraj, S. Srinivasan, and S. Abinaya. "Power Electronics for Renewable Energy System with Smart Grid." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 11 (November 30, 2022): 175–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.47187.

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Abstract: Internet of things is an emerging technology that efficiently and effectively improve our daily life activities. It reduces the cost of living by automating the manual processes. It integrates physical objects and devices via internet for synchronized communication. Currently the cost of electricity is reaching the sky so there is a need for some sources that can produce electricity naturally without any cost. Here, solar panels and solar plants take place for producing electricity in natural manner with sun light. Photo voltaic cells are used in these systems that converts the sun light into electricity. Mostly the solar systems are configured in rural or agricultural areas where electricity mediums are still not available. These systems are manually operated by humans. So there is need of efficient approach which automatically control and monitor the current, voltage and other parameters of solar systems and provides real time statistics to users. This research paper proposes an IOT based approach for solar power consumption and monitoring that allow the users to monitor or control the obtained power and EV battery. Majorly, solar plants are built in the locations where people cannot reach on daily basis so this approach allows the people to virtually control their systems from faraway places.

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Horan, Peter, Mark B. Luther, and Hong Xian Li. "Guidance on Implementing Renewable Energy Systems in Australian Homes." Energies 14, no. 9 (May 6, 2021): 2666. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14092666.

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The purpose of this paper is to examine several real house cases as renewable energy resources are installed. It is an empirical study, based on first principles applied to measured data. In the first case presented, a PV solar system has been installed and a hybrid vehicle purchased. Battery storage is being considered. Smart Meter data (provided in Victoria, Australia) measures the electrical energy flowing to and from the grid in each half hour. Missing is the story about what the house is generating and what its energy requirements are through each half hour interval. We apply actual (on site) solar PV data to this study, resolving the unknown energy flows. Analysing energy flow has revealed that there are five fundamental quantities which determine performance, namely energy load, energy import, energy harvesting, energy export and energy storage. As a function of PV size these quantities depend on four parameters, easily derivable from the Smart Meter data, namely the house load, the night-time house load (no PV generation), the rating of the solar PV system and the tariffs charged. This reveals most of the information for providing advice on PV array size and whether to install a battery. An important discovery is that a battery, no matter what size, needs a PV system large enough to charge it during the winter months. The analysis is extended to two more houses located within 5 km for which detailed solar data is unavailable.

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Park, Laihyuk, Yongwoon Jang, Sungrae Cho, and Joongheon Kim. "Residential Demand Response for Renewable Energy Resources in Smart Grid Systems." IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics 13, no. 6 (December 2017): 3165–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tii.2017.2704282.

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Chakir, Houssam Eddine, Ouadi Hamid, and Giri Fouad. "Managing a hybrid energy smart grid with a renewable energy source." Asian Journal of Control 21, no. 4 (February 10, 2019): 2060–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/asjc.1995.

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Nirmal, Swati, and Tanu Rizvi. "A Review of Renewable Energy Systems for Industrial Applications." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 9 (September 30, 2022): 1740–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.46903.

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Abstract: Integrated renewable energy systems have numerous advantages and benefits compared to conventional energy systems, such as decentralized energy production, environmental impact reduction, and better energy security. Renewable energy systems can be classified under various categories: solar, wind, hydroelectric, biomass, geothermal, and ocean. The integration of these renewable energy resources can bring sustainable solutions and multiple products. The case studies signify the potential integration options of renewable energy systems including energy storage. Non-conventional renewable energy sources and systems (RESS) including but not limited to biomass, biogas, geothermal etc are increasingly playing an important role for electric power distribution and storage. The idea is to develop a resilient energy infrastructure minimizing the cost of remote power and support green and sustainable development efforts. Smart Grids use digital technologies and IOT solutions to intelligently react and adapt to changes in the Grid. Siemens Accelerator for Grids portfolio is the key to exploit the data in the grid. This allows operators to make grid operation more flexible, cost-efficient, more reliable, maintainable, safer and therefore, feasible.

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Ferrández-Pastor, Francisco Javier, Juan Manuel García-Chamizo, Sergio Gomez-Trillo, Rafael Valdivieso-Sarabia, and Mario Nieto-Hidalgo. "Smart Management Consumption in Renewable Energy Fed Ecosystems." Sensors 19, no. 13 (July 5, 2019): 2967. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19132967.

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Advances in embedded electronic systems, the development of new communication protocols, and the application of artificial intelligence paradigms have enabled the improvement of current automation systems of energy management. Embedded devices integrate different sensors with connectivity, computing resources, and reduced cost. Communication and cloud services increase their performance; however, there are limitations in the implementation of these technologies. If the cloud is used as the main source of services and resources, overload problems will occur. There are no models that facilitate the complete integration and interoperability in the facilities already created. This article proposes a model for the integration of smart energy management systems in new and already created facilities, using local embedded devices, Internet of Things communication protocols and services based on artificial intelligence paradigms. All services are distributed in the new smart grid network using edge and fog computing techniques. The model proposes an architecture both to be used as support for the development of smart services and for energy management control systems adapted to the installation: a group of buildings and/or houses that shares energy management and energy generation. Machine learning to predict consumption and energy generation, electric load classification, energy distribution control, and predictive maintenance are the main utilities integrated. As an experimental case, a facility that incorporates wind and solar generation is used for development and testing. Smart grid facilities, designed with artificial intelligence algorithms, implemented with Internet of Things protocols, and embedded control devices facilitate the development, cost reduction, and the integration of new services. In this work, a method to design, develop, and install smart services in self-consumption facilities is proposed. New smart services with reduced costs are installed and tested, confirming the advantages of the proposed model.

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Nepal, Jagdish Prasad, Nuttaya Yuangyai, Saroj Gyawali, and Chumpol Yuangyai. "Blockchain-Based Smart Renewable Energy: Review of Operational and Transactional Challenges." Energies 15, no. 13 (July 5, 2022): 4911. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15134911.

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Blockchain has peculiar characteristics among various digital technologies due to its decentralised and cryptographic properties. The combination of intelligent energy systems and blockchain can innovate new forms of transactive energy and navigate the digital journey to transform the future of renewable energy systems. This review studies various blockchain implementations in the smart energy domain and presents the findings on operational and transactional challenges in a blockchain-based smart renewable energy system. We also identify the differences between operations and transactions in smart energy systems. Furthermore, we identify the most pronounced cryptocurrencies in different studies. The findings highlighted various challenges concerning the implementation of blockchain-based smart energy systems. We identified how these challenges spawn across operational and transactional deliverables. Building on these findings, we discuss various challenges impacting the operational and transactional domains, which we believe have significant value for researchers, practitioners, policy makers, entrepreneurs, and start-ups. It will provide long-term benefits to humankind in fulfilling energy requirements, promoting sustainable energy use by developing countermeasures to combat identified challenges and leveraging the optimal use of blockchain technology.

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Efthymiou, Venizelos, and Christina N. Papadimitriou. "Smart Photovoltaic Energy Systems for a Sustainable Future." Energies 15, no. 18 (September 14, 2022): 6710. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15186710.

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Lévy, Loup-Noé, Jérémie Bosom, Guillaume Guerard, Soufian Ben Amor, Marc Bui, and Hai Tran. "DevOps Model Appproach for Monitoring Smart Energy Systems." Energies 15, no. 15 (July 29, 2022): 5516. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15155516.

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Energy systems are often socio-technical complex systems that are facing new challenges regarding technological and environmental changes. Because of their complex nature, they cannot be approached solely through analytical modeling, hence the inefficiency of most classical modeling approaches. In this article, a Hybrid Approach based on both systemic and analytical modeling is presented and applied to a case study. From this novel approach, a model—the Multi-Institution Building Energy System—is presented. It allowed us to highlight and detail the need for greater governance of energy systems. The socio-technical solutions identified to answer the issues of governance (Accuracy, Reliability and Fairness) were DevOps methodology and the use of Distributed Microservices Architecture. Based on this framework, the design of a Decision Support System assuring and exploiting state-of-the-art scalable tools for data management and machine learning factories is described in this article. Moreover, we wish to set up the conceptual basis necessary for the design of a generic theoretical framework of optimization applicable to complex socio-technical systems in the context of the management of a shared resource.

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Alkatheiri, Mohammed Saeed, Mohammed A. Alqarni, and Sajjad Hussain Chauhdary. "Cyber security framework for smart home energy management systems." Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments 46 (August 2021): 101232. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seta.2021.101232.

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Simões, Marcelo G., Felix A. Farret, Hosna Khajeh, Mahdi Shahparasti, and Hannu Laaksonen. "Future Renewable Energy Communities Based Flexible Power Systems." Applied Sciences 12, no. 1 (December 23, 2021): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12010121.

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This paper presents a new holistic approach that combines solutions for the future power systems. It describes clearly how solar energy is definitely the best outlet for a clean and sustainable planet, either due to their use in both vertical (V) or horizontal (H) forms such as: hydroelectric V&H, wind V&H, thermo-oceanic V&H, water movement sea V&H (tides and waves), solar thermoelectric, PV, and surface geothermal energy. New points of view and simple formulas are suggested to calculate the best characteristic intensity, storage means and frequency for specific places and how to manage the most well-known renewable sources of energy. Future renewables-based power system requires a huge amount of flexibility from different type and size of controllable energy resources. These flexible energy resources can be used in an aggregated manner to provide different ancillary services for the distribution and transmission network. In addition, flexible energy resources and renewable generation can be utilized in different kinds of energy communities and smart cities to benefit all stakeholders and society at the same time with future-proof market structures, new business models and management schemes enabling increased utilization of flexible energy resources. Many of the flexible energy resources and renewable-based generation units are also inverter-interfaced and therefore the authors present future power converter systems for energy sources as well as the latest age of multilevel converters.

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Nguyen, Hoang Phuong, Nguyen Dang Khoa Pham, and Viet Duc Bui. "Technical-Environmental Assessment of Energy Management Systems in Smart Ports." International Journal of Renewable Energy Development 11, no. 4 (June 6, 2022): 889–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijred.2022.46300.

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Shipping is facing huge pressure problems in this 21st century such as climate change and environmental pollution and the depletion of energy resources. Seaports are an important component of the shipping industry architecture. Although there is no common solution, seaports around the globe face the same challenge. Challenges raised include difficulties in integrating new technology into automation, traffic congestion, harmonizing residential communities around the port, quantifying and reducing CO2 emissions as well as planning for the energy transition. In addition, improving the adaptability of the port infrastructure in the context of increased pressure from market demand, labor shortage, and escalating prices should be considered. In that context, a smart port was born as a necessity. However, the understanding of smart ports is very limited. This review examines the recently published smart port literature to clarify the common concepts of smart ports and their development progress on the way to building a sustainable seaport ecosystem. Although smart port metrics and key port performance metrics are organized around four key performance areas including operations, environment, energy, and safety. However, a comprehensive review of all four key areas is very broad and difficult to cover in a review article. Therefore, this work focuses on analyzing and discussing the approaches and applications of the technology in smart port energy management systems. Our research has shown that different smart port founding perspectives play a decisive role in technology approaches to building a port energy management system including optimizing algorithms for energy consumption, balancing demand and energy production, and comprehensively integrating renewable energy. New findings in this study contribute to the elucidation of smart port concepts based on improving energy use and management efficiency with innovative technologies in the context of sustainable development of the shipping industry.

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Kifor, Claudiu Vasile, Alexandru Olteanu, and Mihai Zerbes. "Key Performance Indicators for Smart Energy Systems in Sustainable Universities." Energies 16, no. 3 (January 23, 2023): 1246. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16031246.

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Sustainable campus management includes energy-saving measures and waste reduction and has become important to many universities, being part of the institution’s societal responsibility. Smart energy systems (SESs), as part of campus energy management, can bring many benefits, including increased efficiency, reduced energy consumption, reduced emissions, increased reliability, and real-time control, and facilitate the integration of the renewable energy systems (RES). Despite the growing interest in energy efficiency and for the initiatives and projects to implement SESs, there are no universally accepted standards for assessing the performance of SESs, with most techniques being dedicated to subsystems. A KPI (key performance indicator) framework for evaluating the SESs’ performance from university campuses is proposed, starting from the current findings and priorities from the scientific literature, energy standards, legislation, and university rankings. The framework can support the implementation, operation, and evaluation of the SESs from university campuses, based on SES requirements and the stakeholders’ goals. Unlike previously developed solutions, the framework is focused not only on the technical side of SESs but also on the role that education, research, and innovation should have in sustainable development, making universities key contributors to achieving these goals.

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Han, Xiaojuan, Hui Wang, and Dengxiang Liang. "Master‐slave game optimization method of smart energy systems considering the uncertainty of renewable energy." International Journal of Energy Research 45, no. 1 (August 18, 2020): 642–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/er.5798.

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Kazmierkowski, Marian P. "Power Electronics in Renewable Energy Systems and Smart Grid: Technology and Applications [Book News]." IEEE Industrial Electronics Magazine 13, no. 4 (December 2019): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mie.2019.2946412.

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Kazmierkowski, Marian P. "Power Electronics in Renewable Energy Systems and Smart Grid: Technology and Applications [Book Review]." IEEE Power Electronics Magazine 7, no. 2 (June 2020): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mpel.2020.2987668.

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Alarifi, Abdulaziz, Ahmad Ali AlZubi, Osama Alfarraj, and Ayed Alwadain. "Automated control scheduling to improve the operative performance of smart renewable energy systems." Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments 45 (June 2021): 101036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seta.2021.101036.

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Renström, Sara. "Supporting diverse roles for people in smart energy systems." Energy Research & Social Science 53 (July 2019): 98–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2019.02.018.

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Powells, Gareth, and Michael J. Fell. "Flexibility capital and flexibility justice in smart energy systems." Energy Research & Social Science 54 (August 2019): 56–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2019.03.015.

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Bensaber, Abdelhaq Amar, Mustapha Benghanem, and Mohamed Bourahla. "Smart Power Control and Management of a Standalone Renewable Energy Production System." International Journal of Control and Automation 12, no. 12 (December 31, 2019): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.33832/ijca.2019.12.12.02.

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Kim, Min-Hwi, Youngsub An, Hong-Jin Joo, Dong-Won Lee, and Jae-Ho Yun. "Self-Sufficiency and Energy Savings of Renewable Thermal Energy Systems for an Energy-Sharing Community." Energies 14, no. 14 (July 15, 2021): 4284. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14144284.

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Due to increased grid problems caused by renewable energy systems being used to realize zero energy buildings and communities, the importance of energy sharing and self-sufficiency of renewable energy also increased. In this study, the energy performance of an energy-sharing community was investigated to improve its energy efficiency and renewable energy self-sufficiency. For a case study, a smart village was selected via detailed simulation. In this study, the thermal energy for cooling, heating, and domestic hot water was produced by ground source heat pumps, which were integrated with thermal energy storage (TES) with solar energy systems. We observed that the ST system integrated with TES showed higher self-sufficiency with grid interaction than the PV and PVT systems. This was due to the heat pump system being connected to thermal energy storage, which was operated as an energy storage system. Consequently, we also found that the ST system had a lower operating energy, CO2 emissions, and operating costs compared with the PV and PVT systems.

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Wu, Yuan, Vincent K. N. Lau, Danny H. K. Tsang, Li Ping Qian, and Limin Meng. "Optimal Energy Scheduling for Residential Smart Grid With Centralized Renewable Energy Source." IEEE Systems Journal 8, no. 2 (June 2014): 562–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2013.2261001.

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Succetti, Federico, Antonello Rosato, Rodolfo Araneo, Gianfranco Di Lorenzo, and Massimo Panella. "Challenges and Perspectives of Smart Grid Systems in Islands: A Real Case Study." Energies 16, no. 2 (January 4, 2023): 583. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16020583.

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Islands are facing significant challenges in meeting their energy needs in a sustainable, affordable, and reliable way. Traditionally, the primary source of electricity on the islands has been imported diesel fuel, with high financial costs for most utilities. In this context, even replacing part of the traditional production with renewable energy source can reduce costs and improve the quality of life of islanders. However, integrating large amounts of renewable energy production into existing grids introduces many concerns regarding feasibility, economic analysis, and technical implementation. From this point of view, machine learning and deep learning techniques are efficient tools to mitigate these problems. Their potential results are beneficial considering isolated grids of small islands which are not connected to the national grid. In this paper, a study of the Italian island of Ponza is carried out. The isolation leads to several challenges, such as the high cost related to the transport, installation, and maintenance of renewable energy sources in a small area with several constraints and their intermittent power production, which requires the use of storage systems for dispatching purposes. The proposed study aims to identify future developments of the electricity grid by considering the deployment of both renewable energy sources and energy storage systems. Furthermore, future scenarios are depicted through the use of autoregressive and deep learning techniques to give an idea about the economic costs of both energy demand and supply.

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Alfalouji, Qamar, Thomas Schranz, Alexander Kümpel, Markus Schraven, Thomas Storek, Stephan Gross, Antonello Monti, Dirk Müller, and Gerald Schweiger. "IoT Middleware Platforms for Smart Energy Systems: An Empirical Expert Survey." Buildings 12, no. 5 (April 21, 2022): 526. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12050526.

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Middleware platforms are key technology in any Internet of Things (IoT) system, considering their role in managing the intermediary communications between devices and applications. In the energy sector, it has been shown that IoT devices enable the integration of all network assets to one large distributed system. This comes with significant benefits, such as improving energy efficiency, boosting the generation of renewable energy, reducing maintenance costs and increasing comfort. Various existing IoT middlware solutions encounter several problems that limit their performance, such as vendor locks. Hence, this paper presents a literature review and an expert survey on IoT middleware platforms in energy systems, in order to provide a set of tools and functionalities to be supported by any future efficient, flexible and interoperable IoT middleware considering the market needs. The analysis of the results shows that experts currently use the IoT middleware mainly to deploy services such as visualization, monitoring and benchmarking of energy consumption, and energy optimization is considered as a future application to target. Likewise, non-functional requirements, such as security and privacy, play vital roles in the IoT platforms’ performances.

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Siddaraju, C., S. Deepak, and H. S. Balasubramanya. "Optimal Design Of Smart Grid Renewable Energy System Using Homer Programme." Journal of Mines, Metals and Fuels 70, no. 3A (July 12, 2022): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.18311/jmmf/2022/30682.

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<p>Smart grid is a network created through information technology, communication technology and electrical power systems. It is simply a “smarter” power grid which ensures a two-way communication between user and the power supplier. This work proposes a smart microgrid design hybrid renewable energy system based on solar, grid and wind energy resources. The optimization has been performed using homer software programme to get the best and optimal operation system. Hybrid system combines several energy systems together which offer increased energy reliability and security, and carry a large economic opportunity in terms of cost saving. A typical microgrid system would also include intelligent management that interfaces with the equipment via wired or wireless communication protocols. In the present work the optimization model has been developed for the optimal operation of the system. The modelled system collects meteorological and load data from a town. The optimal hybrid system design is realized by satisfying the load demand, nonlinear seasonal variations and equipment constraints. The main focus of the system is on operation of smart microgrids to maximize usage of green energy, reduction of environmental emissions, decrement of levelized cost of electricity and intelligent management of overall system.</p>

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Stojanovic, Nadica. "Smart Grid based Wireless Communication in 5G Network for Monitoring and Control Systems in Renewable Energy Management." International Journal on Future Revolution in Computer Science & Communication Engineering 8, no. 3 (September 15, 2022): 23–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/ijfrcsce.v8i3.2095.

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Wireless networks are becoming ubiquitous and as the cost of equipment decreases and performance increases, it becomes both economically and technologically feasible to deploy wireless networks in power systems and industrial environments for a wide range of applications. They have advantage of providing diverse controlling features through a unified communication platform. Application of such networks in the smart grid/industrial environments is under active research and expected to become an integral part of the power system. This research propose novel technique smart grid communication in wireless 5G networks for monitoring and controlling management. Here the smart grid designing has been done based on wireless communication networks. The smart grid network for renewable energy has been controlled using Stackelberg equilibrium based SCADA (supervisory control and data acquisition) method. The control method based collected data has been monitored for detection of malicious activities in the network using supervised radial basis fuzzy systems. The experimental analysis has been carried out based on control system and network malicious activities. Here the control system based parameters analysed are Scalability of 65%, QoS of 71%, Power consumption of 41%, Network Efficiency of 92%. Then machine learning based malicious activities detection in terms of accuarcy of 96%, network security of 88%, throughput of 94%, Network delay of 41%. Proposed method supports interoperability of multiple types of inverters, is scalable and flexible, and transmits data over a secure communication channel.

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Mihet-Popa, Lucian, and Sergio Saponara. "Power Converters, Electric Drives and Energy Storage Systems for Electrified Transportation and Smart Grid Applications." Energies 14, no. 14 (July 9, 2021): 4142. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14144142.

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The proposed special issue (SI) has invited submissions related to renewable energy, energy storage, power converters and electric drive systems for electrified transportation and smart grid applications [...]

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Veichtlbauer, Armin, Oliver Langthaler, Filip Pröstl Andrén, Christian Kasberger, and Thomas I. Strasser. "Open Information Architecture for Seamless Integration of Renewable Energy Sources." Electronics 10, no. 4 (February 20, 2021): 496. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10040496.

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Electric power systems are currently confronted with a fundamental paradigm change related to its planning and operation, mainly caused by the massive integration of renewables. To allow higher penetration of them within existing grid infrastructures, the “smart grid” makes more efficient use of existing resources by integrating appropriate information technologies. Utilising the benefits of such smart grids, it is necessary to develop new automation architectures and control strategies, as well as corresponding information and communication solutions. This makes it possible to effectively use and manage a large amount of dispersed generators and to utilise their “smart” capabilities. The scalability and openness of automation systems currently used by energy utilities have to be improved significantly for handling a high amount of distributed generators. This will be needed to meet the challenges of missing common and open interfaces, as well as the large number of different protocols. In the work at hand, these shortcomings have been tackled by a conceptual solution for open and interoperable information exchange and engineering of automation applications. The approach is characterised by remote controllable services, a generic communication concept, and a formal application modelling method for distributed energy resource components. Additionally, the specification of an access management scheme for distributed energy resources, taking into account different user roles in the smart grid, allowed for a fine-grained distinction of access rights for use cases and actors. As a concrete result of this work, a generic and open communication underlay for smart grid components was developed, providing a flexible and adaptable infrastructure and supporting future smart grid requirements and roll-out. A proof-of-concept validation of the remote controllable service concept based on this infrastructure has been conducted in appropriate laboratory environments to confirm the main benefits of this approach.

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Redekar, Abhijeet, Dipankar Deb, and Stepan Ozana. "Functionality Analysis of Electric Actuators in Renewable Energy Systems—A Review." Sensors 22, no. 11 (June 3, 2022): 4273. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22114273.

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Various mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical, and hybrid actuators can alter motion per the requirements of particular applications. However, except for electrical ones, all actuators are restricted due to their size, complex auxiliary equipment, frequent need for maintenance, and sluggish environment in renewable applications. This brief review paper highlights some unique and significant research works on applying electrical actuators to renewable applications. Four renewable energy resources, i.e., solar, wind, bio-energy, and geothermal energy, are considered to review electric actuators applicable to renewable energy systems. This review analyses the types of actuators associated with the mentioned renewable application, their functioning, their motion type, present use, advantages, disadvantages, and operational problems. The information gathered in this paper may open up new ways of optimization opportunities and control challenges in electrical actuators, thereby making more efficient systems. Furthermore, some energy-efficient and cost-effective replacements of convectional actuators with new innovative ones are suggested. This work aims to benefit scientists and new entrants working on actuators in renewable energy systems.

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Grzegórska, Anna, Piotr Rybarczyk, Valdas Lukoševičius, Joanna Sobczak, and Andrzej Rogala. "Smart Asset Management for District Heating Systems in the Baltic Sea Region." Energies 14, no. 2 (January 8, 2021): 314. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14020314.

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The purpose of this review is to provide insight and a comparison of the current status of district heating (DH) systems for selected Baltic Sea countries (Denmark, Germany, Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, and Sweden), especially from viewpoints of application and solutions of novel smart asset management (SAM) approaches. Furthermore, this paper considers European projects ongoing from 2016, involving participants from the Baltic Sea Region, concerning various aspects of DH systems. The review presents the energy sources with particular attention to renewable energy sources (RES), district heating generations, and the exploitation problems of DH systems. The essential point is a comparison of traditional maintenance systems versus SAM solutions for optimal design, operating conditions, and controlling of the DH networks. The main conclusions regarding DH systems in Baltic Sea countries are commitment towards a transition to 4th generation DH, raising the quality and efficiency of heat supply systems, and simultaneously minimizing the costs. The overall trends show that applied technologies aim to increase the share of renewable energy sources and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Furthermore, examples presented in this review underline the importance of the implementation of a smart asset management concept to modern DH systems.

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Muradoğlu, Suzan Neşe, and Deniz Deniz. "Smart energy applications and integration of urban furniture into smart systems in cities." International Journal of Energy Production and Management 7, no. 2 (July 6, 2022): 127–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/eq-v7-n2-127-139.

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Yuan, Meng, Peter Sorknæs, Henrik Lund, and Yongtu Liang. "The bidding strategies of large-scale battery storage in 100% renewable smart energy systems." Applied Energy 326 (November 2022): 119960. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.119960.

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Huber, Julian, Elisabeth Schaule, Dominik Jung, and Christof Weinhardt. "Quo Vadis Smart Charging? A Literature Review and Expert Survey on Technical Potentials and User Acceptance of Smart Charging Systems." World Electric Vehicle Journal 10, no. 4 (November 28, 2019): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/wevj10040085.

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Uncontrolled charging of plug-in Battery Electric Vehicles (BEV) represents a challenge for the energy system. As a solution, recent studies propose smart charging to avoid grid congestion and to integrate renewable energy. While financial benefits for smart charging schemes are currently quite low, there are other objectives for smart charging. However, it is unclear for which objectives smart charging can be used most effectively and which arguments are most likely to convince end users of BEVs to use smart charging schemes. To fill this gap, we conducted a literature review of the premises and the objectives of smart charging and how they fit the end-user’s motivation to use such smart charging systems. To evaluate the results, we present findings of 16 domain experts who evaluated various statements on smart charging according to their technical correctness and their persuasiveness towards end users. The results show that experts consider those smart charging objectives as most persuasive towards end users which they consider technically correct. Moreover, cost savings and integration of renewable energies are rated highest on both scales. On the contrary, experts do not expect a positive impact of smart charging systems on battery life and rate it as not very convincing.

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Halstenberg, Friedrich A., Kai Lindow, and Rainer Stark. "Leveraging Circular Economy through a Methodology for Smart Service Systems Engineering." Sustainability 11, no. 13 (June 27, 2019): 3517. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11133517.

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Product Service Systems (PSS) and Smart Services are powerful means for deploying Circular Economy (CE) goals in industrial practices, through dematerialization, extension of product lifetime and efficiency increase by digitization. Within this article, approaches from PSS design, Smart Service design and Model-based Systems Engineering (MBSE) are combined to form a Methodology for Smart Service Architecture Definition (MESSIAH). First, analyses of present system modelling procedures and systems modelling notations in terms of their suitability for Smart Service development are presented. The results indicate that current notations and tools do not entirely fit the requirements of Smart Service development, but that they can be adapted in order to do so. The developed methodology includes a modelling language system, the MESSIAH Blueprinting framework, a systematic procedure and MESSIAH CE, which is specifically designed for addressing CE strategies and practices. The methodology was validated on the example of a Smart Sustainable Street Light System for Cycling Security (SHEILA). MESSIAH proved useful to help Smart Service design teams develop service-driven and robust Smart Services. By applying MESSIAH CE, a sustainable Smart Service, which addresses CE goals, has been developed.

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Rangel-Martinez, Daniel, K. D. P. Nigam, and Luis A. Ricardez-Sandoval. "Machine learning on sustainable energy: A review and outlook on renewable energy systems, catalysis, smart grid and energy storage." Chemical Engineering Research and Design 174 (October 2021): 414–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cherd.2021.08.013.

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Morais, Vítor, João Afonso, and António Martins. "Towards Smart Railways: A Charging Strategy for Railway Energy Storage Systems." EAI Endorsed Transactions on Energy Web 8, no. 34 (July 23, 2021): 168136. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.14-1-2021.168136.

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Neubert, Martin, Oliver Gnepper, Oliver Mey, and André Schneider. "Detection of Electric Vehicles and Photovoltaic Systems in Smart Meter Data." Energies 15, no. 13 (July 5, 2022): 4922. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15134922.

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In the course of the switch to renewable energy sources, there is a shift from a few large energy sources (power plants) to a large number of small, distributed energy sources (e.g., photovoltaic systems) and energy storage devices (e.g., electric vehicles). This results in the need to know and identify these energy sources and sinks as soon as new devices are installed, in order to ensure grid stability. This paper presents an approach to identify energy sources and energy storage in smart meter data, using photovoltaic systems and electric vehicles as examples. For this purpose, the Pecan Street dataset is used, which has been extended by charging processes from the ACN dataset. The presented approach comprises a combination of a Convolutional Neural Network and a Multilayer Perceptron, which decides separately, on the basis of the smart meter data of a household, whether an electric vehicle and a photovoltaic system are present. It is shown that the combination of both classifiers achieves accuracy of 90.50% in the case of electric vehicle detection and 96.37% in the case of photovoltaic systems. It is also shown that the power levels lower than 0 kW in the case of the photovoltaic system and higher than 5 kW in the case of the electric vehicles have the largest influence on the output of the Multilayer Perceptron branch, which uses the power balance distribution as input.

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Prieto González, Lisardo, Anna Fensel, Juan Miguel Gómez Berbís, Angela Popa, and Antonio de Amescua Seco. "A Survey on Energy Efficiency in Smart Homes and Smart Grids." Energies 14, no. 21 (November 3, 2021): 7273. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14217273.

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Empowered by the emergence of novel information and communication technologies (ICTs) such as sensors and high-performance digital communication systems, Europe has adapted its electricity distribution network into a modern infrastructure known as a smart grid (SG). The benefits of this new infrastructure include precise and real-time capacity for measuring and monitoring the different energy-relevant parameters on the various points of the grid and for the remote operation and optimization of distribution. Furthermore, a new user profile is derived from this novel infrastructure, known as a prosumer (a user that can produce and consume energy to/from the grid), who can benefit from the features derived from applying advanced analytics and semantic technologies in the rich amount of big data generated by the different subsystems. However, this novel, highly interconnected infrastructure also presents some significant drawbacks, like those related to information security (IS). We provide a systematic literature survey of the ICT-empowered environments that comprise SGs and homes, and the application of modern artificial intelligence (AI) related technologies with sensor fusion systems and actuators, ensuring energy efficiency in such systems. Furthermore, we outline the current challenges and outlook for this field. These address new developments on microgrids, and data-driven energy efficiency that leads to better knowledge representation and decision-making for smart homes and SGs.

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Shafiullah, Md, Saidur Rahman, Binash Imteyaz, Mohamed Kheireddine Aroua, Md Ismail Hossain, and Syed Masiur Rahman. "Review of Smart City Energy Modeling in Southeast Asia." Smart Cities 6, no. 1 (December 26, 2022): 72–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/smartcities6010005.

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The Southeast Asian region has been eagerly exploring the concepts of smart city initiatives in recent years due to the enormous opportunities and potential. The initiatives are in line with their plan to promote energy efficiency, phase down/out fossil fuel-based generation, and reduce greenhouse gas emission intensity and electrification of various sectors in addition to renewable energy targets and policies to achieve net zero emissions by 2050 or 2060. However, the major challenges for these countries are related to leadership, governance, citizen support, investment, human capacity, smart device heterogeneity, and efficient modeling and management of resources, especially the energy systems. An intelligent energy system is one of the most significant components for any functional smart city, where artificial intelligence (AI), the internet of things (IoT), and big data are expected to tackle various existing and evolving challenges. This article starts with a brief discussion of smart city concepts and implementation challenges. Then, it identifies different types of smart city initiatives in Southeast Asian countries focusing on energy systems. In addition, the article investigates the status of smart systems in energy generation and storage, infrastructure, and model development. It identifies the unique challenges of these countries in implementing smart energy systems. It critically reviews many available energy modeling approaches and addresses their limitations and strengths, focusing on the region. Moreover, it also provides a preliminary framework for a successful energy system that exploits AI, IoT, and big data. Finally, the roadmap for a successful energy system requires appropriate policy development, innovative technological solutions, human capacity building, and enhancement of the effectiveness of current energy systems.

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Ustun, Taha Selim, S. M. Suhail Hussain, Mazheruddin H. Syed, and Paulius Dambrauskas. "IEC-61850-Based Communication for Integrated EV Management in Power Systems with Renewable Penetration." Energies 14, no. 9 (April 27, 2021): 2493. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14092493.

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As the number of EVs increases, their impact on electrical systems will be substantial. Novel management schemes are needed to manage the electrical load they require when charging. Literature is rich with different techniques to manage and control this effect on the grid by controlling and optimizing power flow. Although these solutions heavily rely on communication lines, they mostly treat communication as a black box. It is important to develop communication solutions that can integrate EVs, charging stations (CSs), and the rest of the grid in an interoperable way. A standard approach would be indispensable as there are different EV models manufactured by different companies. The IEC 61850 standard is a strong tool used for developing communication models for different smart grid components. However, it does not have the necessary models for implementing smart EV management schemes that coordinate between EVs and CSs. In this paper, these missing links are addressed through the development of corresponding models and message mapping. A hardware-in-the-loop test is performed to validate the communication models and cross-platform operation. Then, a co-simulation environment is used to perform a combined study of communication and the power system components. The developed communication model helps integrate the EVs to a centralized, coordinated voltage control scheme. These models can be used to run extensive impact studies where different domains of smart grids need to be considered simultaneously. The main contribution of this paper is the development of smartgrid communication solutions for enabling successful information exchanges.

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Canale, Laura, Anna Rita Di Fazio, Mario Russo, Andrea Frattolillo, and Marco Dell’Isola. "An Overview on Functional Integration of Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems in Multi-Energy Buildings." Energies 14, no. 4 (February 18, 2021): 1078. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14041078.

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Buildings are responsible for over 30% of global final energy consumption and nearly 40% of total CO2 emissions. Thus, rapid penetration of renewable energy technologies (RETs) in this sector is required. Integration of renewable energy sources (RESs) into residential buildings should not only guarantee an overall neutral energy balance over long term horizon (nZEB concept), but also provide a higher flexibility, a real-time monitoring and a real time interaction with end-users (smart-building concept). Thus, increasing interest is being given to the concepts of Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems (HRES) and Multi-Energy Buildings, in which several renewable and nonrenewable energy systems, the energy networks and the energy demand optimally interact with each other at various levels, exploring all possible interactions between systems and vectors (electricity, heat, cooling, fuels, transport) without them being treated separately. In this context, the present paper gives an overview of functional integration of HRES in Multi-Energy Buildings evidencing the numerous problems and potentialities related to the application of HRESs in the residential building sector. Building-integrated HRESs with at least two RESs (i.e., wind–solar, solar–geothermal and solar–biomass) are considered. The most applied HRES solutions in the residential sector are presented, and integration of HRES with thermal and electrical loads in residential buildings connected to external multiple energy grids is investigated. Attention is focused on the potentialities that functional integration can offer in terms of flexibility services to the energy grids. New holistic approaches to the management problems and more complex architectures for the optimal control are described.

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Kabalci, E., and Y. Kabalci. "A Measurement and Power Line Communication System Design for Renewable Smart Grids." Measurement Science Review 13, no. 5 (October 1, 2013): 248–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/msr-2013-0037.

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Abstract The data communication over the electric power lines can be managed easily and economically since the grid connections are already spread around all over the world. This paper investigates the applicability of Power Line Communication (PLC) in an energy generation system that is based on photovoltaic (PV) panels with the modeling study in Matlab/Simulink. The Simulink model covers the designed PV panels, boost converter with Perturb and Observe (P&O) control algorithm, full bridge inverter, and the binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modem that is utilized to transfer the measured data over the power lines. This study proposes a novel method to use the electrical power lines not only for carrying the line voltage but also to transmit the measurements of the renewable energy generation plants. Hence, it is aimed at minimizing the additional monitoring costs such as SCADA, Ethernet-based or GSM based systems by using the proposed technique. Although this study is performed with solar power plants, the proposed model can be applied to other renewable generation systems. Consequently, the usage of the proposed technique instead of SCADA or Ethernet-based systems eliminates additional monitoring costs.

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Tran, Manh-Kien, Satyam Panchal, Tran Dinh Khang, Kirti Panchal, Roydon Fraser, and Michael Fowler. "Concept Review of a Cloud-Based Smart Battery Management System for Lithium-Ion Batteries: Feasibility, Logistics, and Functionality." Batteries 8, no. 2 (February 18, 2022): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/batteries8020019.

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Energy storage plays an important role in the adoption of renewable energy to help solve climate change problems. Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are an excellent solution for energy storage due to their properties. In order to ensure the safety and efficient operation of LIB systems, battery management systems (BMSs) are required. The current design and functionality of BMSs suffer from a few critical drawbacks including low computational capability and limited data storage. Recently, there has been some effort in researching and developing smart BMSs utilizing the cloud platform. A cloud-based BMS would be able to solve the problems of computational capability and data storage in the current BMSs. It would also lead to more accurate and reliable battery algorithms and allow the development of other complex BMS functions. This study reviews the concept and design of cloud-based smart BMSs and provides some perspectives on their functionality and usability as well as their benefits for future battery applications. The potential division between the local and cloud functions of smart BMSs is also discussed. Cloud-based smart BMSs are expected to improve the reliability and overall performance of LIB systems, contributing to the mass adoption of renewable energy.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Renewable energy systems (except smart systems engineering)'

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