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Chen, Bingyu. "Study on sustainable development of electricity resources in the United States." SHS Web of Conferences 181 (2024): 04005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202418104005.
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Relying on renewable electricity generation is critical to combating climate change and meeting long-term environmental objectives. In addition to discussing the Triple Bottom Line approach’s practical applications, this essay delves into the approach’s theoretical underpinnings. Companies like Tesla and the financial industry play crucial roles in encouraging the responsible growth of the nation’s electrical power grid. This essay argues that sustainable behaviours and investments in renewable energy can benefit from fiscal and economic policies that give incentives in these areas. In addition to contributing to Tesla’s market leadership and financial success, sustainable business practices can also help set an example for other companies. Incentives for renewable energy, increased energy efficiency, and a receptive regulatory environment are all recommended in this essay. The competitiveness of electric power companies may be increased, and their contributions to sustainable development may be increased via the incorporation of sustainability principles, circular economy practices, and stakeholder engagement.
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Holmes, K. John, and Larry Papay. "Prospects for electricity from renewable resources in the United States." Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy 3, no. 4 (July 2011): 042701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3613947.
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Gil-García, Isabel C., Mª Socorro García-Cascales, Habib Dagher, and Angel Molina-García. "Electric Vehicle and Renewable Energy Sources: Motor Fusion in the Energy Transition from a Multi-Indicator Perspective." Sustainability 13, no. 6 (March 19, 2021): 3430. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13063430.
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Energy transition requires actions from different sectors and levels, mainly focused on achieving a low-carbon and high-renewable integration society. Among the different sectors, the transport sector is responsible for more than 20% of global greenhouse gas emissions, mostly emitted in cities. Therefore, initiatives and analysis focused on electric vehicles integration powered by renewables is currently a desirable solution to mitigate climate change and promote energy transition. Under this framework, this paper proposes a multi-indicator analysis for the estimation of CO2 emissions combining renewable integration targets, reduction emission targets and realistic renewable resource potentials. Four scenarios are identified and analyzed: (i) current situation with conventional vehicles, (ii) replacement of such conventional by electric vehicles without renewable integration, (iii) and (iv) integration of renewables to fulfill emission reduction targets for 2030 and 2050 respectively. The analysis is evaluated in the state of Maine (United States). From the results, a minimum renewable penetration of 39% and 82%, respectively, is needed to fulfill the emission reduction targets for 2030 and 2050 by considering 100% conventional vehicle replacement. Different combinations of available renewable resources can reduce emissions by more than 35%.
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Wang, Chia-Nan, Thanh-Tuan Dang, Hector Tibo, and Duy-Hung Duong. "Assessing Renewable Energy Production Capabilities Using DEA Window and Fuzzy TOPSIS Model." Symmetry 13, no. 2 (February 18, 2021): 334. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13020334.
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Climate change and air pollution are among the key drivers of energy transition worldwide. The adoption of renewable resources can act as a peacemaker and give stability regarding the damaging effects of fossil fuels challenging public health as well as the tension made between countries in global prices of oil and gas. Understanding the potential and capabilities to produce renewable energy resources is a crucial pre-requisite for countries to utilize them and to scale up clean and stable sources of electricity generation. This paper presents a hybrid methodology that combines the data envelopment analysis (DEA) Window model, and fuzzy technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (FTOPSIS) in order to evaluate the capabilities of 42 countries in terms of renewable energy production potential. Based on three inputs (population, total energy consumption, and total renewable energy capacity) and two outputs (gross domestic product and total energy production), DEA window analysis chose the list of potential countries, including Norway, United Kingdom, Kuwait, Australia, Netherlands, United Arab Emirates, United States, Japan, Colombia, and Italy. Following that, the FTOPSIS model pointed out the top three countries (United States, Japan, and Australia) that have the greatest capabilities in producing renewable energies based on five main criteria, which are available resources, energy security, technological infrastructure, economic stability, and social acceptance. This paper aims to offer an evaluation method for countries to understand their potential of renewable energy production in designing stimulus packages for a cleaner energy future, thereby accelerating sustainable development.
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Moore, Charles. "Renewable Energy Adoption and Its Effect on Rural Development in United States." Journal of Developing Country Studies 8, no. 2 (June 18, 2024): 15–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.47604/jdcs.2674.
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Purpose: The aim of the study was to analyze the renewable energy adoption and its effect on rural development in United States. Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. Findings: Renewable energy adoption in rural areas of the United States has shown promising effects on rural development. Studies indicate that the deployment of renewable energy projects, such as wind and solar farms, has led to job creation, increased local tax revenues, and economic diversification in rural communities. Additionally, renewable energy projects have provided opportunities for landowners to earn additional income through leasing their land for energy production Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Diffusion of innovations theory, social-ecological systems theory & technology acceptance model (TAM) may be used to anchor future studies on renewable energy adoption and its effect on rural development. Strengthening practical interventions to facilitate the adoption of renewable energy technologies in rural communities is essential. Developing supportive policy frameworks is critical to unlocking the full potential of renewable energy for rural development.
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Gallagher, Kelly Sims. "Why & How Governments Support Renewable Energy." Daedalus 142, no. 1 (January 2013): 59–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/daed_a_00185.
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Many countries have adopted comprehensive policy frameworks to support renewable energy, but the United States has not adopted any consistent and stable policies at the national level to foster the use of renewable energy. This essay explores why some nations (Germany, China, and Denmark) and certain U.S. states (Colorado, Texas, and Ohio) have developed robust policies for the deployment of renewable energy. My aim is not to evaluate the specific policy mechanisms that countries and states have chosen, but rather to shed light on the underlying societal factors that contributed to each government's decision to enact the policies in the first place. I explore four factors that could influence a government's decision to adopt favorable policies for renewable energy: (1) economic motives; (2) a high endowment of renewable resources and/or a low endowment of nonrenewable sources; (3) the political system; and (4) cultural factors and attitudes.
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Solomon, Barry D., and Adam M. Wellstead. "Shooting for Perfection: Hawaii’s Goal of 100% Renewable Energy Use." Case Studies in the Environment 2, no. 1 (2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/cse.2018.001073.
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In the United States, 29 states, Washington, D.C. and three territories have adopted a mandatory Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS) for their electric power systems, while eight states and one territory have set renewable energy goals. Many foreign nations have adopted an RPS as well. Thus far, almost all RPSs across the United States have met their interim goals with targets and timetables that vary widely. Hawaii’s RPS is the most ambitious, with a 100% target set for 2045 (though Vermont set a 75% target for 2032). This paper provides a case study of the Hawai’i RPS. The paper focuses on geographical issues and perspectives that may tease out the course of the states’ electricity future: sensitivity to climate change, population distribution, interisland rivalries, as well as the need for greater energy storage and complementary policies. An important complexity is the challenge of meeting electricity demand on six separate Hawaiian Islands (because of the lack of an interisland transmission cable), although all of them have substantial renewable energy resources.
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Hajiyeva, Nargiz, and Ali Karimli. "Economic Evaluation of “Green Energy” Potential in Nagorno-Karabakh and Neighboring Regions." Modern Applied Science 15, no. 3 (May 28, 2021): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/mas.v15n3p71.
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The paper focuses on the economic opportunities of renewable energy resources (RES) in Azerbaijan's liberated territories. Armenia illegally exploited energy and other natural resources in Nagorno-Karabakh and its surrounding areas during its 30-year occupation. As a result, it is not surprising that the establishment of a "green energy" zone in the territories has been given high priority in the post-liberation period. Traditional energy sources are currently the most common source of electricity generation in the world. In this regard, the world's ever-increasing energy demand accelerates nation-states' gradual transition to green energy. Electricity generation from renewable energy sources is increasing in many countries, including the United States. In Nagorno-Karabakh and seven neighboring regions, the state is focusing on the production and effective use of renewable energy resources. As a result, ensuring harmony in the gradual use of renewable and traditional energy resources will be essential to the country's socioeconomic development, environmental sustainability, and energy security. The economic analysis of renewable energy potential and the establishment of a “green energy” industry are conducted in the article.
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Dmitriev, S. "Energy Strategy of the United States: Correction of Priorities." World Economy and International Relations, no. 3 (2014): 13–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2014-3-13-23.
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Сomprehensive energy strategy presumes focusing of U.S. government’s and private investors’ efforts in the following key areas: increasing energy efficiency of the national economy, search for effective alternative to traditional motor fuels, safe and responsible production of hydrocarbon resources, promotion of renewable energy investments, accent on the innovation component of the energy complex. Thanks to “shale revolution”, the US will fully cover domestic demand for natural gas by domestic production and may become an exporter of LNG. Cheap gas is a competitive advantage for the United States and can serve as a foundation for a new era of rapid economic development. Dependence on the supply of oil from abroad will gradually weaken, but doubts remain about the U.S. ability to achieve full self-sufficiency in oil.
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Musial, Walt. "Offshore Wind Electricity: A Viable Energy Option for the Coastal United States." Marine Technology Society Journal 41, no. 3 (September 1, 2007): 32–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/002533207787442088.
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U.S. offshore wind energy resources are abundant, indigenous, and broadly dispersed among the most expensive and highly constrained electricity load centers. Economic capacity expansion models developed at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory show that offshore wind energy can compete in future U.S. electric energy markets without major changes in the market variables or revolutionary technological breakthroughs. However, significant research, development, and deployment will be needed to bring the current technology through a course of cost reductions. To maximize the resource potential, these reductions need to be made along parallel technology paths that will expand the available resource by allowing wind turbines to be installed in deep water. Analysis shows that incremental technology improvements leading to moderate cost reductions, and reasonable increases in the cost of conventional energy will help offshore wind achieve cost competitiveness by 2030 and become a major contributor to the energy supply of the United States. This paper describes a wide range of technical research and development that can reduce costs and improve technology for deep water deployment.
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Hughes, William R. "North American Energy Markets: The Evolution of Energy Interdependence between Canada and the United States." Energy Exploration & Exploitation 4, no. 2-3 (May 1986): 103–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014459878600400202.
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Energy trade between the United States and Canada is growing from a minor aspect of the markets in the United States to a significant development with material impacts on energy prices in the United States and a major aspect of Canada's energy economy. This development is most pronounced in natural gas, where Canada's large resources and flexible approach of negotiated transactions is leading to regrowth of exports. For the United States, Canada serves as a buffer from potential high prices as a result of resource depletion. This price impact is potentially substantial over the next 10 years. Imports will likely double by 1990 and will further increase thereafter. In electric power, the impacts are regional; in the affected regions, Canadian ratepayers will be spared the high costs of overcapacity and will benefit from provincial profits from exports. Ratepayers in the importing regions—New York, New England, and potentially California—will benefit from the fact that Canadian power is available at substantially lower rates than alternative sources in the United States. In petroleum, Canada, Mexico, and the Caribbean are main exporters to the United States. Price decontrol will help free interdependence of domestic Canadian markets with Canadian trade with the United States, but, overall, little change is expected from the present pattern.
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Han, Yuzhe, Yuting Teng, and Zilin Xiao. "Comparison And Analysis of The Photovoltaic Industry Between China and the US." Highlights in Business, Economics and Management 23 (December 29, 2023): 423–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/qtyvva18.
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Nowadays, the world is increasingly recognizing the limitations of non-renewable energy resources such as oil and fossil fuels. The continued reliance on these finite resources poses a significant risk of energy shortage in the future. As a result, there is a growing emphasis on promoting renewable energy sources like wind energy, solar energy, and other non-polluting alternatives. In this article, the focus is on the development of the photovoltaic (PV) industry in China and the United States, with a specific emphasis on photovoltaic energy. The aim of this study is to analyze and compare the current state of the PV industry in both countries, taking into account various factors such as PV power generation, installed PV capacity, and policy support. By conducting a comprehensive assessment of these aspects, the research findings reveal that the PV industry in China has experienced remarkable growth and has surpassed the United States in terms of competitiveness. China has emerged as a global leader in the PV industry, with significant advancements in technology and manufacturing capabilities. The country's PV power generation has witnessed substantial expansion, contributing significantly to its renewable energy targets. Moreover, China's installed PV capacity has experienced rapid growth, supported by favorable government policies and incentives that have stimulated investment and innovation in the sector. In contrast, the United States, while still a prominent player in the PV industry, has faced certain challenges in keeping pace with China's progress.
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Upadhayay, Sugam, Kaveh Shamsa, Edmund Khashadourian, and Alex Sherm. "Determinants of Circular Economy: An Empirical Approach in the Context of the United States of America." Fall Issue, 2023 7, no. 1 (December 18, 2023): 75–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.47670/wuwijar202371suksekas.
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The USA is the world’s largest economy in terms of the consumption of resources. The excessive and irresponsible consumption of resources in the developed countries has jeopardized the stock of global resources. This quantitative study highlighting the importance of the circular economy (CE), has assessed the factors that would support the circular transition in the USA. Time series analysis based on the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model was employed to analyze the impact of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, Research and Development expenses, and Renewable Energy consumption on circular economy in the US with annual data from 1971 to 2017. While the study indicated the existence of a long-run relationship between the GDP per capita and renewable energy consumption, no relationship was observed between research and development expenses and the circular economy. The study strongly emphasizes the need for policy interventions to enhance the level of awareness regarding circular economy, increase consumption of renewable energies and steering investments in research and development activities to support CE activities in the USA.
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Guan, Zhengfei, and Juhyun Oh. "United States Biofuel Policies: Overview and Discussion." EDIS 2016, no. 2 (April 11, 2016): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/edis-fe974-2015.
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Governments at different levels in the United States have introduced various programs to promote alternative and renewable energies, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and improve energy security. Some of these policy initiatives include mandates and tax credits to encourage the production of biofuels. As governmental efforts to promote renewable fuels as alternative sources of energy have evolved from subsidization to mandate, the production of biofuels has dramatically increased. The expansion of the mandate may contribute to reducing greenhouse gas emissions, but biofuels may be technically, economically, and environmentally inefficient. This 4-page fact sheet reviews and discusses current US biofuel policies and explores potential outcomes. Written by Zhengfei Guan and Juhyun Oh, and published by the Food and Resource Economics Department, November 2015. FE974/FE974: United States Biofuel Policies: Overview and Discussion (ufl.edu)
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Garrett, Kayla P., Ryan A. McManamay, and Christopher R. DeRolph. "When energy doesn’t add up: use of an energyshed framework in assessing progress towards renewable energy transitions." Environmental Research: Infrastructure and Sustainability 4, no. 1 (January 18, 2024): 015004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2634-4505/ad0fef.
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Abstract Global progress in energy transitions to support climate mitigation goals has been slower than anticipated; this has prompted shifts away from traditional paradigms of regulated energy ownership towards a model of energy democratization by local communities and individuals. For example, in the United States, local communities in over 250 cities, counties, and states have made pledges to reach 100% renewable electrification by target dates ranging from 2020 to 2050. However, the availability of infrastructure and the competition for renewable energy resources, as well as lack of awareness of these limitations, present significant barriers to overcome. In this study, we explored a subset of 31 of these cities to assess their current electricity generation and how much further they have to go to meet their goals. Through an energyshed framework, we estimated powerplant electricity allocation to each city assuming competition for power from various renewable and non-renewable resource types, as well as look at the ‘best case scenario’ assuming 100% allocation of renewable-sourced electricity for a handful of cities in order to understand the existing and planned energy mixes for 2021 and the following 20 years. It is likely most cities will meet 10% of their energy demand with renewable energy, with best cases scenarios reaching between 35% and 65% renewable penetration, within the next 20–30 years. This highlights the need for infrastructural development in the energy sector, as well as intentional planning efforts in order to make these energy goals a reality.
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Silva, Cátia, Pedro Faria, and Zita Vale. "Demand Response Implementation: Overview of Europe and United States Status." Energies 16, no. 10 (May 12, 2023): 4043. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16104043.
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The authors review the efforts made in the last five years to implement Demand Response (DR) programs, considering and studying several models and countries. As motivation, climate change has been a topic widely discussed in the last decades, namely in the power and energy sectors. Therefore, it is crucial to substitute non-renewable fuels with more environment-friendly solutions. Enabling Distributed Generation (DG), namely using renewable resources such as wind and solar, can be part of the solution to reduce the greenhouse effects. However, their unpredictable behavior might result in several problems for network management. Therefore, the consumer should become more flexible towards this new paradigm where the generation no longer follows the demand requests. With this, Demand Response (DR) concept is created as part of this solution. This paper studies the European Union and United States’ current status, with over 50 references.
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Kaven, J. O., D. C. Templeton, and Arpita P. Bathija. "Introduction to this special section: Geothermal energy." Leading Edge 39, no. 12 (December 2020): 855–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/tle39120855.1.
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Geothermal energy is a global renewable resource that has the potential to provide a significant portion of baseload energy in many regions. In the United States, it has the potential to provide 8.5% of the electric generation capacity by the middle of the century. In general, geothermal systems require heat, permeability, and water to be viable for energy generation. However, with current technologies, only heat is strictly necessary in a native system. Engineered geothermal systems (EGS) introduce water into the subsurface at elevated pressures and reduced temperatures and enhance permeability through hydraulic and/or shear fracturing. Additionally, although moderate- to high-temperature resources currently dominate geothermal energy production, low-temperature resources have been utilized for direct-use cases. When well balanced and maintained, geothermal resources can produce significant amounts of heat and achieve long-term sustainability on the order of an estimated tens to hundreds of years.
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Tabassum, Sanzana, Tanvin Rahman, Ashraf Ul Islam, Sumayya Rahman, Debopriya Roy Dipta, Shidhartho Roy, Naeem Mohammad, Nafiu Nawar, and Eklas Hossain. "Solar Energy in the United States: Development, Challenges and Future Prospects." Energies 14, no. 23 (December 4, 2021): 8142. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14238142.
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The ambitious target of net-zero emission by 2050 has been aggressively driving the renewable energy sector in many countries. Leading the race of renewable energy sources is solar energy, the fastest growing energy source at present. The solar industry has witnessed more growth in the last decade than it has in the past 40 years, owing to its technological advancements, plummeting costs, and lucrative incentives. The United States is one of the largest producers of solar power in the world and has been a pioneer in solar adoption, with major projects across different technologies, mainly photovoltaic, concentrated solar power, and solar heating and cooling, but is expanding towards floating PV, solar combined with storage, and hybrid power plants. Although the United States has tremendous potential for exploiting solar resources, there is a scarcity of research that details the U.S. solar energy scenario. This paper provides a comprehensive review of solar energy in the U.S., highlighting the drivers of the solar industry in terms of technology, financial incentives, and strategies to overcome challenges. It also discusses the prospects of the future solar market based on extensive background research and the latest statistics. In addition, the paper categorizes the U.S. states into five tiers based on their solar prospects calculated using analytical hierarchy process and regression analysis. The price of solar technologies in the U.S. is also predicted up to 2031 using Wright’s law, which projected a 77% reduction in the next decade.
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Zuo, Zhili, Jinhua Cheng, Haixiang Guo, and Yonglin Li. "Comparative Study on Relative Fossil Energy Carrying Capacity in China and the United States." Energies 14, no. 10 (May 20, 2021): 2972. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14102972.
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Based on resource carrying capacity, this study used the revised theory of relative resource carrying capacity (RRCC) and introduced an innovative concept of relative fossil energy carrying capacity (RFECC), which evaluates the degree of fossil energy sustainability based on the relationship between economy, population, and environment. This study took China and the United States as the study objects, took the whole country as the reference area, and calculated the RFECC of population, economic, and environmental resources from 2000 to 2018. Therefore, based on the comparative analysis, the following conclusions were drawn: (i) there is a big difference in the RFECC between China and the United States, which is manifested in the inverted U-shaped trend in China and the U-shaped trend in the United States; (ii) the relative fossil energy carrying states in China and the United States are different, mainly reflected in the economy and environment; (iii) the gap in RFECC between China and the United States has gradually widened; in general, China’s economic RFECC is better than that of the United States, while environmental RFECC and population RFECC in the United States is better than that of China; and (iv) coal and oil should be used as a breakthrough point for the sustainable fossil energy and sustainable development for China and the United States, respectively.
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Prysiazhniuk, Y. Y. "Legal activity of the international renewable energy agency." Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series: Law 2, no. 76 (June 14, 2023): 251–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2307-3322.2022.76.2.40.
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The energy sector’s transition from a fossil fuel-based system to an energy-efficient system from renewable sources is recognized as indisputable and undeniable. However, the primary energy that comes from renewable sources today is only 5% of world consumption. Thus, the transition will require a lot of time and effort in the field of international policy. First, effective measures should be taken to increase the use of renewable energy to a level that reduces climate change. The prominent active persons who make decisions at the international level remain the states. International organizations can provide substantial assistance to the states in this area, including the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA).Today, IRENA works with the main players and helps to shape their policy. This is evidenced by the agency’s activities, initiatives, and tools. The organization has achieved a major success in the regulation of renewable energy. At the same time, for the developed norms to become universal, the agency should spread its initiatives more evenly around the world. Most modern states need help in improving their renewable energy policy. Such assistance will be easier, based on universal standards of renewable energy. It is in this direction that IRENA works.Focusing on the global development of renewable energy, IRENA is working with international organizations such as the International Energy Agency (IEA) and the United Nations (UN). IRENA is established as an intergovernmental organization that supports the states in their transition to a sustainable energy future and serves as the main platform for international cooperation, a center for the acquired experience, and a repository of policy, technology, resources, and financial knowledge on renewable energy.
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Banks, Kimball M., and J. Signe Snortland. "Advocating for Preservation." Advances in Archaeological Practice 9, no. 4 (October 14, 2021): 387–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/aap.2021.25.
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AbstractOver the past few years our body politic has become increasingly polarized: Republicans versus Democrats, conservatives versus liberals. That polarization filters down to governmental actions, policies, and decisions, evidenced in disagreements over regulation versus deregulation and fossil fuels versus renewable energy. Such polarization—whether legislative, administrative, or judicial and whether at the federal, state, or tribal level—can and does impact the management of our archaeological resources and the way cultural resource management is practiced in the United States. Given that most archaeologists in the United States are employed in cultural resource management, these actions affect their employment. Consequently, it is more critical than ever that archaeologists become cultural resource management and historic preservation advocates. This article discusses the whys and hows of preservation advocacy. Active, science-based advocacy by preservationists can engage governmental decision-makers to give due consideration to cultural resources and their management when making decisions or drafting and voting on legislation. Although the discussion focuses on advocacy at the federal level, the observations and suggestions are applicable at the state and local level.
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MATIICHUK, Liubomur. "THE REGULATORY MODEL OF COMPLIANCE WITH THE EFFICIENCY OF THE ENERGY SECURITY SYSTEM IN THE SPHERE OF APPLICATION OF RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES IN UKRAINE." Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University. Economic sciences 312, no. 6(1) (December 29, 2022): 259–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2307-5740-2022-312-6(1)-39.
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This article outlines that for most countries of the world, the practical application of renewable energy sources is one of the most priority directions for developing the national energy industry. The annual increase in the volume of energy resources from various renewable energy sources was also noted. The forthcoming book on the growth of the specified indicator was also noted. The countries of the world that currently occupy leading positions in the practical implementation of renewable energy sources on national markets are outlined, including the European Union, the United States of America, China, and India. The fact that energy policy formation is implemented based on the complete domination of non-traditional energy sources over the usual and established fossil and destructive forms for humanity is noted. The strengths of renewable energy sources that should be taken into account are outlined, among them: internal energy characteristics of the potential, which by their content are necessary to satisfy the needs of humanity. Experience convincingly proves that the most significant development of alternative and renewable energy sources should be expected in those countries that today are energy-dependent on fossil and traditional fuels, supplying them to other countries while having a significant external debt burden. It is this circumstance that stimulates own extraction of energy resources through the use of RES; renewable energy sources are available and have an unlimited term and reserves of their use; the economic and ecological component of replacing fossil and dangerous, high-cost energy resources with more accessible, safe resources of non-traditional origin; optimization of price policy by limiting the cost of hydrocarbon resources and minimizing unforeseen losses; complete greening of the environment through the use of environmentally friendly technologies and the use of innovative technological means of work. It has been proven that to achieve maximum efficiency from the functioning of the energy security system in the field of renewable energy sources; it is expedient to observe the following four criteria, which necessarily include: decarbonization as one of the ways to get Ukraine out of the energy crisis; development of a new Strategy for the energy sector of Ukraine in the conditions of post-war recovery; the availability of systematic energy security through the introduction of renewable energy sources are programs and sources of financing; the availability of the routine scope of the application of renewable energy sources with the use of state-market instruments for the regulation of renewable energy in Ukraine. The author’s model of regulation of compliance with the efficiency of the energy security system in the practical application of renewable energy sources is proposed.
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Grant, E., K. Brunik, J. King, and C. E. Clark. "Hybrid power plant design for low-carbon hydrogen in the United States." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2767, no. 8 (June 1, 2024): 082019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2767/8/082019.
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Abstract In this study, we provide a nationwide techno-economic analysis of clean hydrogen production powered by a hybrid renewable energy plant for over 50,000 locations in the United States. We leverage the open-source Hybrid Optimization Performance Platform (HOPP) tool to simulate the hourly performance of an off-grid wind-solar plant integrated with a 1-GW polymer exchange membrane electrolyzer system. The levelized cost of hydrogen is calculated for varying technology costs, and tax credits to explore cost sensitivities independent of plant design, performance, and site selection. Our findings suggest that strategies for cost reduction include selecting sites with abundant wind resources, complementary wind and solar resources, and optimizing the sizing of wind and solar assets to maximize the hybrid plant capacity factor. These strategies are linked to increased hydrogen production and reduced electrolyzer stack replacements, thereby lowering the overall cost of hydrogen.
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Guild, James. "Turning a Liability into an Asset." Indonesian Journal of Energy 2, no. 1 (February 28, 2019): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.33116/ije.v2i1.32.
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President Jokowi has promised to add 35 GW of power to the national grid, while the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources wants to source 23% of its power from renewable sources by 2025. It will be difficult to reconcile these two goals as the majority of Indonesia’s 35 GW is expected to come from high-capacity coal and gas-fired plants on Java and Sumatra. This runs the risk of both undershooting the renewables goal and neglecting the more remote provinces in eastern Indonesia that rely mainly on imported diesel fuel. With a shrewd policy aproach, this could pose an opportunity to begin developing small-scale renewable power sources – such as solar, wind, and biomass gasification – in more remote parts of Indonesia where natural resources are plentiful and large-scale fossil fuel plants are impractical. This would allow PLN to both boost the share of renewables in the energy mix and acquire experience running flexible micro-grids capable of managing diverse and decentralized energy sources. This would put Indonesia ahead of the curve, as efficient grids that can draw power from a wide range of sources will likely play a big role in the future of energy policy. If PLN continues to focus narrowly on high-capacity gas and coal plants, it will risk getting locked into an inflexible, high-carbon structure ill-suited for the needs of the 21st century. The limits of such a model are already showing in the United States.
Keywords: Infrastructure, energy policy, renewables, smart grid, PLN
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Matiichuk, Liubomur, Olena Pavlova, Kostiantyn Pavlov, and Oleksandr Shabala. "REGULATION OF THE EFFICIENCY OF THE ENERGY SECURITY SYSTEM IN THE INDUSTRY OF RENEWABLE ENERGY." MODELING THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ECONOMIC SYSTEMS, no. 4 (December 29, 2022): 39–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/mdes/2022-6-6.
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This article outlines that for most countries of the world, the practical application of renewable energy sources is one of the most priority directions for developing the national energy industry. The annual increase in the volume of energy resources from various renewable energy sources was also noted. The forthcoming book on the growth of the specified indicator was also noted. The countries of the world that currently occupy leading positions in the practical implementation of renewable energy sources on national markets are outlined, including the European Union, the United States of America, China, and India. The fact that energy policy formation is implemented based on the complete domination of non-traditional energy sources over the usual and established fossil and destructive forms for humanity is noted. The strengths of renewable energy sources that should be taken into account are outlined, among them: internal energy characteristics of the potential, which by their content are necessary to satisfy the needs of humanity. Experience convincingly proves that the most significant development of alternative and renewable energy sources should be expected in those countries that today are energy-dependent on fossil and traditional fuels, supplying them to other countries while having a significant external debt burden. It is this circumstance that stimulates own extraction of energy resources through the use of RES; renewable energy sources are available and have an unlimited term and reserves of their use; the economic and ecological component of replacing fossil and dangerous, high-cost energy resources with more accessible, safe resources of non-traditional origin; optimization of price policy by limiting the cost of hydrocarbon resources and minimizing unforeseen losses; complete greening of the environment through the use of environmentally friendly technologies and the use of innovative technological means of work. It has been proven that to achieve maximum efficiency from the functioning of the energy security system in the field of renewable energy sources; it is expedient to observe the following four criteria, which necessarily include: decarbonization as one of the ways to get Ukraine out of the energy crisis; development of a new Strategy for the energy sector of Ukraine in the conditions of post-war recovery; the availability of systematic energy security through the introduction of renewable energy sources are programs and sources of financing; the availability of the routine scope of the application of renewable energy sources with the use of state-market instruments for the regulation of renewable energy in Ukraine. The author's model of regulation of compliance with the efficiency of the energy security system in the practical application of renewable energy sources is proposed.
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Pérez-Denicia, Eduardo, Fabián Fernández-Luqueño, and Darnes Vilariño-Ayala. "Suitability assessment for electricity generation through renewable sources: towards sustainable energy production." CT&F - Ciencia, Tecnología y Futuro 11, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 109–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.29047/01225383.260.
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Power generation through renewable sources is an effective alternative to mitigate climate change as its environmental impact is lower compared to fossil fuels. However, socio-economic problems are constant in sites where power plants are installed, especially in developing countries. In this paper, an innovative methodology was developed to assess the suitability of electricity generation through solar, wind, and biomass energy. Unlike most studies found in scientific literature, this work considers social, environmental, and economic aspects as key to determine the suitability of energy projects. First, we carried out a comprehensive analysis on social acceptance and resilience towards renewable energy and the conditions for communities to benefit from these projects; then, we analyzed the availability and capacity of renewable energy sources in Mexico, as a case study. Next, a set of indicators related to the three pillars of sustainability was developed to assess the conditions of each place with the best renewable resources in the country. The life cycle and capacity factor of each technology were also considered. Lastly, a mathematical model was developed to determine the most suitable locations and technologies for power generation. The results show a trend towards the states of northern Mexico, especially those bordering the United States, as the most viable for electricity generation. The most appropriate technology is wind energy. Finally, Oaxaca, the state with the best wind resources and current leader in wind power generation in Mexico is, by contrast, the least viable state for wind generation, as has been later confirmed by scientific evidence, as wind facilities are associated with severe socio-cultural and economic damage in host communities in this state.
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Mahr, Daniel. "Helping the Lights Stay On: Cofiring biomass with coal is a relatively inexpensive way to extend U.S. energy resources." Mechanical Engineering 132, no. 08 (August 1, 2010): 42–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2010-aug-6.
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This article explains the process of cofiring biomass with coal that could be a relatively inexpensive way to extend energy resources in the United States. While biomass-fired plants have been a part of the scene for some time, they are relatively small, 25–50 MW, and often address specialized local conditions. In California, they are helping to reduce air pollution by replacing the open field burning of agricultural residue. Adapting coal-fired units to cofire biomass requires additions and modifications, but compared to starting a new plant from scratch, it is a relatively low-cost, low-risk method to add renewable energy to the plant fleet. In a cofiring application for a pulverized coal plant, biomass can replace 20% of the coal being used. With cofiring, power generation is not dependent upon biomass, so there is a lower risk of technology entry than with other renewable energy options. Biomass can be used when supplies are available.
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Kim, Jong-Hyun, and Yong-Gil Lee. "Learning Curve, Change in Industrial Environment, and Dynamics of Production Activities in Unconventional Energy Resources." Sustainability 10, no. 9 (September 17, 2018): 3322. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10093322.
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Since 2007, shale oil and gas production in the United States has become a significant portion of the global fossil fuel market. The main cause for the increase in production of shale oil and gas in the US is the adoption of new production technologies, namely, horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing. However, the production cost of shale oil and gas in the US is comparably higher than the production cost of conventional oil and gas. In 2014, the crude oil and natural gas price decreased significantly to approximately 40 dollars per barrel, and natural gas prices decreased to 3 dollars per million British thermal unit, and thus the productivity and financial conditions for the exploration and production of shale oil and natural gas for producers in the United States have worsened critically. Therefore, technological innovation has become one of the most interesting issues of the energy industry. The present study analyzes the trends in technological innovation having a relationship with production activities. This study calculates the learning rate of 30 companies from the petroleum exploration and production industry in the United States using an improved learning rate calculation formula that reflects the changes in the oil production ratio. Thus, more statistically confident calculation results and interpretations of strategic production activities with regard to changes in the industrial environment were achieved in this study.
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Perea-Moreno, Miguel-Angel, Esther Samerón-Manzano, and Alberto-Jesus Perea-Moreno. "Biomass as Renewable Energy: Worldwide Research Trends." Sustainability 11, no. 3 (February 7, 2019): 863. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11030863.
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The world’s population continues to grow at a high rate, such that today’s population is twice that of 1960, and is projected to increase further to 9 billion by 2050. This situation has brought about a situation in which the percentage of the global energy used in cities is increasing considerably. Biomass is a resource that is present in a variety of different materials: wood, sawdust, straw, seed waste, manure, paper waste, household waste, wastewater, etc. Biomass resources have traditionally been used, and their use is becoming increasingly important due to their economic potential, as there are significant annual volumes of agricultural production, whose by-products can be used as a source of energy and are even being promoted as so-called energy crops, specifically for this purpose. The main objective of this work was to analyze the state of research and trends in biomass for renewable energy from 1978 to 2018 to help the research community understand the current situation and future trends, as well as the situation of countries in the international context, all of which provides basic information to facilitate decision-making by those responsible for scientific policy. The main countries that are investigating the subject of biomass as a renewable energy, as measured by scientific production, are the United States, followed by China, India, Germany and Italy. The most productive institutions in this field are the Chinese Academy of Sciences, followed by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Danmarks Tekniske Universitet and the Ministry of Education in China. This study also identifies communities based on the keywords of the publications obtained from a bibliographic search. Six communities or clusters were found. The two most important are focused on obtaining liquid fuels from biomass. Finally, based on the collaboration between countries and biomass research, eight clusters were observed. All this is centered on three countries belonging to different clusters: USA, India and the UK.
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Chuvakhina, Larisa G., Nikolai A. Moldenhauer, and Anahita Nasirbeik. "Assessment of the impact of US Energy Policy on world oil prices." Journal of Mines, Metals and Fuels 69, no. 4 (May 13, 2021): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.18311/jmmf/2021/27798.
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The development of the energy sector in the United States of America (USA) represents a rivalry between two different approaches, which has intensified under the last three American administrations. The competition of approaches is expressed in the confrontation between supporters of energy based on renewable sources and supporters of traditional energy resources. A comparative analysis of changes in the energy sector, depending on the prevalence of a particular approach to energy development, shows that external conditions play a key role in promoting the energy strategy. The strategy of priority development of “green” energy carried out under Barack Obama could not be realized because of the shale boom. As a result, many companies working with renewable energy sources did not stand up to the competition. The opposite approach of Donald Trump’s focus on developing traditional energy resources to ensure US energy security and to increase jobs has been hit by the COVID-19 pandemic, which has virtually nullified the US administration’s efforts under this approach. The current concept of President J. Biden is aimed at continuing the strategy of Barack Obama for the development of “green” energy in the United States. Proponents of this concept hope for the possibility of its at least partial implementation in the absence of a shale boom. The lifting of the embargo on the export of American oil has led to an increase in oil supplies abroad. As of 2018, the United States has overtaken Saudi Arabia in terms of oil and gas exports, taking a leading position in the global oil market. In 2019-2020, the United States retained the first place in the world in oil production. This article examines the conceptual approaches of American administrations to the issue of energy policy and analyzes the statistical data that characterize the traditional and “clean energy” industries. An important factor is the degree of influence of the US energy policy on global oil prices. To analyze this issue, this research uses curved regression equations to assess the impact of US energy policy on world oil prices under the administrations of Barack Obama and Donald Trump. The results of the correlation show that a more effective interaction between the variables was carried out during the presidency of Barack Obama, when Exports of Crude Oil influenced the price dynamics of oil quotes with an inverse relationship. With the arrival of the Biden administration, the strategy started under Obama in favor of developing clean energy was continued. In the context of the spread of covid-19, the growth of crisis phenomena in the national economy, the growth of production costs in the oil and gas industry, and the fall in the world energy prices, the development of green energy can have a certain effect, given the Biden administration’s approach to energy development. The subsequent actions of the Biden administration may offset Trump’s efforts to develop traditional energy to strengthen the economic potential of the United States and strengthen the position of American companies in the global oil market.
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Pratt, Bonnie Wylie, Jon D. Erickson, Jane Kolodinsky, Erik Monsen, and William J. Wales. "Shades of Green: Modelling Differences in Thought and Action among Electric Utility Regime Actors in the Energy System Transition." Sustainability 14, no. 20 (October 16, 2022): 13287. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142013287.
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There is wide variability in how organizations approach sustainability and the energy system transition toward using more renewables. In the electric power industry, while some distribution utilities have leaned into the transition, others have taken a more conservative approach. Grounded in an institutional resource-based perspective, this multi-level study examines key intra-firm, firm, and individual leadership factors that impact an organization’s commitment to renewables. Sustainability orientation in the power industry is assessed as the percent of renewable energy in a utility’s fuel mix compared with their expressed commitment to renewables and energy efficiency within planning documents. Through computer-aided text analysis, characteristics of 170 electric utilities in the United States were analyzed to predict sustainability orientation. Results indicate that rurality, deregulation, and the entrepreneurial orientation of a utility, as expressed within their Integrated Resource Plans, explain a significant amount of variability in the sustainability orientation of electric utilities.
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Pushkar, Svetlana. "LEED-CIv4 Commercial Interiors: United States (2014–2019)." Sustainability 12, no. 1 (December 20, 2019): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12010069.
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This paper analyzes Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design for Interior Design and Construction: Commercial Interior (LEED-CIv4) projects, thereby presenting the first empirical evidence of these projects. The aim of the study was to reveal trends in Certified, Silver, Gold, and Platinum LEED-CIv4 US projects, certified in 2014–2019. The effect size between possible and achieved points in categories and credits was measured using Cliff’s δ. The following conclusions were drawn: (i) the Integrative Process, Innovation, and Regional Priority categories showed high achievements only in Platinum projects, so it is necessary to reconsider these categories toward increasing their acceptance at all certification levels; (ii) the Location and Transportation and Indoor Environmental Quality categories were quite well-designed because most credits in these categories showed varying levels of achievement (low/medium/high/very high) at all four certification levels; and (iii) the Water Efficiency, Energy and Atmosphere, and Material and Resources categories were badly designed because most credits there similarly showed low achievements at all four certification levels, thus needing more attention toward their improvement in the next LEED-CI version.
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Siswandi, Gusman. "MARINE RENEWABLE ENERGY, THE LAW OF THE SEA AND THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT: AN INDONESIAN PERSPECTIVE." Padjadjaran Journal of International Law 1, no. 1 (January 12, 2017): 36–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.23920/pjil.v1i1.274.
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ABSTRACTAccording to the report of the Secretary-General of the United Nations, there are at least three benefits of marine renewable energy. From an environmental perspective, the utilization of marine renewable energy could reduce dependency upon conventional energy sources, especially the non-renewable ones. From an economic perspective, the renewable energy projects have developed significantly both in developed and developing countries. It was estimated that global investments in the renewable energy sector increased by 32% in 2010, reaching the total figure of $2.11 billion. Although there have not been any statistics available for marine renewable energy, this figure could provide an indication for the prospects of marine renewable energy in the future. This article aims to identify and to analyze legal aspects related to the utilization of marine renewable energy in Indonesia, particularly in the contexts of the law of the sea and the marine environment. Since marine renewable energy in Indonesia is still developing, it is necessary to ensure that all activities pertaining to the utilization of marine renewable energy resources are conducted in accordance with prevailing laws and regulations. In this regard, the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) is one of the main legal instruments that need to be considered by coastal States in utilizing marine renewable energy. This study finds that the current laws and policy in Indonesia are still inadequate to regulate the development of marine renewable energy. The National Energy Policy only provides a broad and general policy on renewable energy sources and does not cover a particular strategy on marine renewable energy. Thus, the Indonesian Government needs to establish a specific policy on marine renewable energy as well as specific laws and regulations to address the environmental impacts that may result from marine renewable energy activities.
Keywords: marine renewable energy, law of the sea, marine energy, indonesian perspective.
ABSTRAKBerdasarkan laporan dari Sekjen PBB, sekurang-kurangnya terdapat tiga keuntungan dari energi laut terbarukan. Dari perspektif lingkungan, pemanfaatan energi laut terbarukan dapat mengurangi ketergantungan terhadap energi konvensional, khususnya yang tidak terbarukan. Dari perspektif ekonomi, proyek energi terbarukan telah berkembang cukup signifikan, baik di negara berkembang maupun negara maju. Secara global, diperkirakan telah terdapat kenaikan investasi sebesar 32% di tahun 2010, hingga mencapai 2.11 miliar US Dolar. Meskipun belum ada statistik yang pasti, akan tetapiangka tersebut sudah menggambarkan prospek perkembangan energi terbarukan di masa yang akan datang. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganailisa aspek hukum yang berkaitan dengan pemanfaatan energi laut terbarukan di Indonesia, khususnya dalam konteks hukum laut dan lingkungan laut. Sejak energi laut terbarukan berkembang di Indonesia berkembang, sangatlah diperlukan agar pengeturan kegiatan tersebut sesuai dengan peraturan perundang-undangan. Berkenaan dengan ini, Konvensi Hukum Laut 1982 adalah salah satu dari intrumen hukum yang harus diperhatikan oleh negara pantai dalam menjalankan kegiatan pemanfaatan energi laut terbarukan. Kebijakan Energi Nasional hanya menyediakan kebijakan nasional yang sifatnya umum dalam pemanfaatan energi laut terbarukan. Dengan demikian Indonesia perlu membentuk kebijakan yang lebih spesifik berkenaan dengan pemanfaatan energi laut terbarukan, khususnya dampak lingkungan terhadap pemanfaatan energi laut terbarukan.
Kata kunci: energi laut terbarukan, hukum laut, energi laut, sudut pandang indonesia
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Matvieieva, Y., L. Saher, I. Vakulenko, and V. Petryna. "ESSENTIAL BASIS OF INNOVATIVE ACTIVITY IN THE CONTEXT OF RENEWABLE ENERGY DEVELOPMENT." Vìsnik Sumsʹkogo deržavnogo unìversitetu 2022, no. 2 (2022): 17–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/1817-9215.2022.2-2.
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Environmental degradation, climate change, the greenhouse effect and other negative consequences are the key problems of humanity. And one of the ways to solve these problems is the development of renewable energy based on the use of innovative technologies.In the study of the impact of the parameters of innovative development on renewable energy, was performed bibliometric analysis using such software as VOSviewer, Web of Science, Scopus Tools Analysis and Google Trends. A sample of papers from 2000-2021 from the Scopus® database, which contains bibliographic information about scientific publications in peer-reviewed journals, books and conferences, was selected for data analysis. The results of the analysis based on the Scopus® database tools confirmed the hypothesis of a growing trend of publications that examining the issues of innovation in the context of renewable energy development. With the help of VOSviewer (version 1.6.18) were identified four clusters. These clusters are: types of resources, renewable energy, sustainable development, innovation. The second cluster (renewable energy) focuses on the terms with the strongest communication power. The article found that research in the field of innovation and development of renewable energy is carried out by different countries. However, these issues are most actively studied in the following countries: the United States, China and the United Kingdom. A separate dynamics of the number of publications was studied in 11 countries, of which 10 countries are leaders in the number of publications. Data from Ukraine are analyzed also. The dynamics of the number of publications in each country varies. For example, the dynamics of publications in China is growing rapidly in 2021. In the United States, the dynamics of publications are characterized as fluctuations. At the same time, in 2021 the country has the largest number of works among all the studied countries. The dynamic of publications in the UK is characterized by fluctuations with the significant decrease in 2021. In Ukraine, the indicators began to appear in 2013. But in 2021 their number increases significantly. The Google Trends tool has identified public interest in the topic. The interest of business and industry is considered separately. It was found that in the first case, the interest is more in innovation. Business and industry are paying more attention to the development of renewable energy sources.
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Filijovic, Marko. "“Race for resources” in astrospace: What does the future hold?" Medjunarodni problemi 67, no. 4 (2015): 304–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/medjp1504304f.
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The paper analyses how a fast advance in technology can ease both discovering and exploitation of alternative energy resources available in space, and at the same time can open new long-term conflicts over supremacy in commercialisation of space resources. The author considers viability of actual and planned projects of members of the prestigious club of ?space nations?-the United States, Japan, Russia and the European Union. Global energy demand growth stimulates technologically advanced countries to explore more intensively the technical feasibility and economic viability of renewable energy sources in space. Along with advancement in space technology in the foreseeable future, astro-resources could be used as an alternative or at least a supplement to the existing resource base. The author argues that the increasing space technology ambitions of China, India and, to some extent Iran, create a potential knot of new geopolitical and geoeconomical international conflicts. In conclusion, the author emphasizes that the extraterrestrial sources for the Earth's energy needs will not only stay an important alternative basis for energy security in decades to come, but space itself is likely to become rather a new battlefield of the great powers? strategic interests than a part of the common heritage of mankind, equally accessible to all nations.
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Li, Mengying, Hannah B. Peterson, and Carlos F. M. Coimbra. "Radiative cooling resource maps for the contiguous United States." Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy 11, no. 3 (May 2019): 036501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5094510.
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Vandegraft, Douglas L. "A Boundary Delineation System for the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management." Proceedings of the ICA 1 (May 16, 2018): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-proc-1-118-2018.
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Federal government mapping of the offshore areas of the United States in support of the development of oil and gas resources began in 1954. The first mapping system utilized a network of rectangular blocks defined by State Plane coordinates which was later revised to utilize the Universal Transverse Mercator grid. Creation of offshore boundaries directed by the Submerged Lands Act and Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act were mathematically determined using early computer programs that performed the required computations, but required many steps. The Bureau of Ocean Energy Management has revised these antiquated methods using GIS technology which provide the required accuracy and produce the mapping products needed for leasing of energy resources, including renewable energy projects, on the outer continental shelf. (Note: this is an updated version of a paper of the same title written and published in 2015).
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Gunturu, U. B., and C. A. Schlosser. "Characterization of wind power resource in the United States." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 12, no. 3 (March 13, 2012): 7305–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-12-7305-2012.
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Abstract. Wind resource in the continental and offshore United States has been reconstructed and characterized using metrics that describe, apart from abundance, its availability, persistence and intermittency. The Modern Era Retrospective-Analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA) boundary layer flux data has been used to construct wind profile at 50 m, 80 m, 100 m, 120 m turbine hub heights. The wind power density (WPD) estimates at 50 m are qualitatively similar to those in the US wind atlas developed by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), but quantitatively a class less in some regions, but are within the limits of uncertainty. The wind speeds at 80 m were quantitatively and qualitatively close to the NREL wind map. The possible reasons for overestimation by NREL have been discussed. For long tailed distributions like those of the WPD, the mean is an overestimation and median is suggested for summary representation of the wind resource. The impact of raising the wind turbine hub height on metrics of abundance, persistence, variability and intermittency is analyzed. There is a general increase in availability and abundance of wind resource but there is an increase in intermittency in terms of level crossing rate in low resource regions.
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Gunturu, U. B., and C. A. Schlosser. "Characterization of wind power resource in the United States." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 12, no. 20 (October 24, 2012): 9687–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-9687-2012.
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Abstract. Wind resource in the continental and offshore United States has been reconstructed and characterized using metrics that describe, apart from abundance, its availability, persistence and intermittency. The Modern Era Retrospective-Analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA) boundary layer flux data has been used to construct wind profile at 50 m, 80 m, 100 m, 120 m turbine hub heights. The wind power density (WPD) estimates at 50 m are qualitatively similar to those in the US wind atlas developed by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), but quantitatively a class less in some regions, but are within the limits of uncertainty. The wind speeds at 80 m were quantitatively and qualitatively close to the NREL wind map. The possible reasons for overestimation by NREL have been discussed. For long tailed distributions like those of the WPD, the mean is an overestimation and median is suggested for summary representation of the wind resource. The impact of raising the wind turbine hub height on metrics of abundance, persistence, variability and intermittency is analyzed. There is a general increase in availability and abundance of wind resource but there is an increase in intermittency in terms of level crossing rate in low resource regions.
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Razeghi, Marziyeh, Ahmad Hajinezhad, Amir Naseri, Younes Noorollahi, and Seyed Farhan Moosavian. "An overview of renewable energy technologies for the simultaneous production of high-performance power and heat." Future Energy 2, no. 2 (May 15, 2023): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.55670/fpll.fuen.2.2.1.
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Combining heat and power (CHP) technology, which uses renewable energy sources as fuel, will be a promising solution to increase energy security. This report aims to examine CHP technologies based on renewable energy, seek to increase their efficiency and reduce the unsustainable nature of renewable resources, and then examine the existing articles from an economic and technical perspective. Heat and electricity are generated simultaneously in CHP technology; heat is the limiting factor in this issue. Therefore, it should be installed in a place requiring heat and population density because transmission losses are reduced in this case. Among renewable energy sources used as fuel for CHP power plants, biomass has the largest share, and among fossil fuels, natural gas and coal have the largest share in CHP, respectively. The United States, Russia, and China have the largest shares in renewable power plants, respectively. All the articles reviewed mention the need for heat storage for CHP power plants. If regional heating and cooling using CHP technology are used, biomass consumption can be reduced by 31.4% compared to single heating, and this amount can be used more in value-added sectors.
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Salimi, Mohsen, and Majid Amidpour. "The Impact of Energy Transition on the Geopolitical Importance of Oil-Exporting Countries." World 3, no. 3 (August 18, 2022): 607–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/world3030033.
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With the changes that have taken place in energy-related technologies, the United States has been less affected by the geopolitical risks associated with the supply of fossil fuel energy resources, especially crude oil. When the price of oil is low, the geopolitical situation of U.S. energy contrasts with that of other oil-producing countries, which are facing financial pressure due to low oil prices and a high domestic energy demand. Many other countries have been supplying crude oil compared to half a century ago, reducing the strategic importance of major oil exporters, such as key OPEC members in the Persian Gulf. The shale oil revolution in the United States and the transition of energy in countries around the world to more sustainable energy sources, especially renewable energy, have reduced the importance of security in the Arab states of the Persian Gulf for U.S. politicians, which will be intensified in the future. Especially from the middle of the Carter administration period, U.S. politicians saw the security of the Arab states of the Persian Gulf as a prerequisite for securing energy supplies for the U.S. economy, but that has changed. Despite the disruption of Russia’s fossil fuel energy supply, as one of the main energy suppliers, due to sanctions from February 2022, the global energy carriers’ prices are relatively under control. Energy transition is one of the main contributors to lowering the impact of fossil fuel energy supply disruptions on the global economy.
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Chen, Kewei, Ziyu Rui, Chenyang Xu, and Zeqi Huang. "The Conversion of Biowaste and Residue to Biofuel: From History, Physics Principles, to the Current Status of Technology, Mitigation of Environmental Impact and Economic Challenges." Applied and Computational Engineering 7, no. 1 (July 21, 2023): 822–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/7/20230565.
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As the most commonly-used renewable energy in the world energy consumption, the potential and popularity of biomass energy is significantly underestimated. In the United States in 2018, renewable energy accounted for 11% of the national energy consumption, with 44.5% contributed by biomass energy. This article will focus on one feedstock, bio-waste and residue, in biomass resources. Furthermore, this journal will include an overview of the history of the technique, explanation of the fundamental physical principles, along with the discussions regarding major technology implementation of the conversion technique, and finally end with an evaluation of the environmental impacts and economic opportunities and challenges. At the end of the journal, we will show that the development of bio-waste and residue conversion techniques will naturally benefit from biomass carbon cycle and the variety of techniques available. Moreover, it has a large potential no matter environmentally or economically, along with technological advancement and the development of government regulations to minimize its harm.
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Thibault, Johanna. "Implementing an Effective Renewable Energy Policy in the United States: Can Feed-In Tariff Policies Be Successful for Advancing Renewable Energy Development?" European Energy and Environmental Law Review 23, Issue 6 (December 1, 2014): 233–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eelr2014021.
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This article explores the nuances of Feed-in Tariff policies as they are used to accelerate the development of renewable energy sources. Specifically, this article considers whether the United States (US) could successfully implement Feed-in Tariffs to advance renewable energy resource development. Although both popular and successfully used worldwide for this purpose, the US has been slow to adopt such policies. The success of a Feed-in Tariff program is dependent on the goals set forth by each jurisdiction; however, the two most important factors are setting the tariff at a premium rate, and keeping the design and implementation of the tariff administratively simple. Both of these factors are critical to encourage investors in renewable energy, and they are missing from most Feed-in Tariffs adopted in US state and local jurisdictions due primarily to the complex regulatory structure in the US energy market. The legal hurdles the US faces to adopt Feed-in Tariffs are explored using a comparative analysis with Germany, which was the first country to successfully implement Feed-in Tariff policies that have now been imitated worldwide. This article also reviews other policy approaches utilized in the US to achieve renewable energy goals including net-metering and Renewable Portfolio Standards (RPSs). The key objective of this article is to support the conclusion that, although popular, the US might not have a suitable legal regime or energy market structure for Feed-in Tariff policies to be an effective strategy for acceleration of renewable energy development.
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Wang, Chia-Nan, Hector Tibo, and Duy Hung Duong. "Renewable Energy Utilization Analysis of Highly and Newly Industrialized Countries Using an Undesirable Output Model." Energies 13, no. 10 (May 21, 2020): 2629. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13102629.
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In the fight against climate change, the utilization of renewable energy resources is being encouraged in every country all over the world to lessen the emissions of greenhouse gases. However, not all countries are able to efficiently utilize these resources, and instead of providing solutions, the inefficient use of renewable energy may lead to even more damage to the environment. Data from eight countries belonging to the highly industrialized countries (HIC) group and nine from newly industrialized countries (NIC) group were used to evaluate the energy utilization of these groups. Factors such as total renewable energy capacity, the labor force, and total energy consumption were considered to be the input factors, while, CO2 emission and gross domestic product are the output factors. These factors were used to calculate efficiency scores of every country from 2013 to 2018 using the undesirable output model of Data envelopment analysis (DEA). The grey prediction model was also used to measure the forecasted values of the input and output factors for the year 2019 to 2022, and measure again the future efficiency scores of the HICs and NICs. The combination of grey prediction and DEA undesirable output model made this paper unusual and the most appropriate method in dealing with data that contains both desired and undesired outputs. The results show that the United Kingdom, Germany, France, and the United States continuously top the efficiency ranking among the HIC group, with a perfect 1.0 efficiency score from 2013 to 2022. Russia demonstrates the lowest score of 0.1801 and is expected to perform the same low-efficiency score in the future. Within the NIC group, Indonesia can be highlighted for performing with perfect efficiency starting from the year 2015 and even through 2022. Other NICs are performing at a very low-efficiency, with scores ranging from 0.2278 to 0.2734 on average, with Turkey displaying the lowest rank. This study recommends some useful strategies to improve the utilization of renewable energy resources such as improvements in the political and legal structure surrounding their use and regulation, tax incentives or exemptions to private power producers to encourage shifting away from conventional energy production, partnerships with non-governmental and international organizations that can provide assistance in managing renewable energies, strengthening of the energy sector’s research and development activities and long-term strategic plans for the development in renewable energy with considerations to the social, environmental, and economic impact on each country.
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Zhang, Jianwen, Jacob Cherian, Ashak Mahmud Parvez, Sarminah Samad, Muhammad Safdar Sial, Mohammad Athar Ali, and Mohammed Arshad Khan. "Consequences of Sustainable Agricultural Productivity, Renewable Energy, and Environmental Decay: Recent Evidence from ASEAN Countries." Sustainability 14, no. 6 (March 17, 2022): 3556. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14063556.
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Agriculture is critical for meeting the needs of the world’s population, in terms of food production. As a result, it has become a significant contributor to economic growth. According to various studies, agricultural production is one of the most widely recognized sources of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions globally. This study explores the causal link between aggregate energy consumption resources, trade liberalization, CO2 emissions, and modern agriculture in selected ASEAN nations from 2000 to 2020, through the use of panel FMOLS data from the United Nations Development Program (fully modified ordinary least square). According to scientific research, the value addition of agricultural commodities helps to reduce CO2 emissions in polluted countries such as the United States. In addition, it was revealed that the quantity of CO2 released per unit of energy spent was positively associated with the amount of energy consumed. The reduction of CO2 emissions is possible in nations where environmental pollution is reducing due to trade liberalization. Although fossil fuels have increased CO2 emissions, research has shown that adopting renewable energy can help mitigate environmental damage. Revenues and productivity in agriculture are increased due to climate-smart agricultural-favored institutions, while greenhouse gas emissions are reduced. As an example of renewable energy, new energy resources may contribute to the preservation of a clean and healthy environment. The use of renewable energy in agriculture reduces the dependency on fossil fuels, which is beneficial for farmers. Trade policy, on the other hand, may stimulate the movement of money and technology, in order to specialize in economies of scale and manufacturing. It is imperative that ASEAN countries examine policies that will improve living standards, while also protecting the environment. This includes measures that will stimulate agricultural sector production and create active marketplaces for international trade
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Munachi Chikodili Ugwu, Adefolake Olachi Adewusi, and Naomi Emeka Nwokolo. "THE ROLE OF PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS IN BUILDING CLEAN ENERGY INFRASTRUCTURE IN THE UNITED STATES AND NIGERIA." International Journal of Management & Entrepreneurship Research 6, no. 4 (April 7, 2024): 1049–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.51594/ijmer.v6i4.984.
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Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) play a pivotal role in the development of clean energy infrastructure in both the United States and Nigeria, offering a collaborative framework that leverages the strengths of both public and private sectors. In the United States, PPPs have been instrumental in advancing renewable energy projects, such as wind farms and solar installations, through joint ventures between government entities and private companies. These partnerships capitalize on government incentives, such as tax credits and grants, to attract private investment and stimulate innovation in clean energy technologies. Moreover, PPPs in the US often involve long-term contracts that provide stability and assurance to private investors, facilitating the financing and implementation of large-scale projects. In Nigeria, where energy access remains a significant challenge, PPPs offer a promising approach to address the country's growing energy needs while transitioning to cleaner sources. The Nigerian government has been actively promoting PPPs in the energy sector to mobilize private capital and expertise for the development of renewable energy infrastructure. These partnerships aim to diversify Nigeria's energy mix, reduce dependency on fossil fuels, and improve energy access in rural and underserved areas. By partnering with private investors, the government seeks to overcome financial constraints and institutional barriers that have historically hindered the expansion of clean energy infrastructure. Despite their potential benefits, PPPs in both countries face various challenges, including regulatory complexities, political risks, and issues related to project financing. In the United States, uncertainties surrounding government policies and regulations can impact investor confidence and project viability. Similarly, in Nigeria, factors such as corruption, bureaucracy, and inadequate legal frameworks can impede the effective implementation of PPPs. Addressing these challenges requires a coordinated effort from governments, private sector stakeholders, and civil society to create an enabling environment for sustainable investments in clean energy. Overall, the role of PPPs in building clean energy infrastructure transcends national boundaries, offering a collaborative solution to global energy challenges. By fostering partnerships that combine public resources with private sector innovation and efficiency, PPPs have the potential to accelerate the transition to a low-carbon future while driving economic growth and promoting energy security for all.
Keywords: Public-Private Partnerships, Clean Energy, USA, Nigeria, Innovation.
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Ahn, Seongho, Vincent S. Neary, Mohammad Nabi Allahdadi, and Ruoying He. "Nearshore wave energy resource characterization along the East Coast of the United States." Renewable Energy 172 (July 2021): 1212–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2021.03.037.
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Donley, Dennis W., and Stephanie S. Potter. "Navigating the Winds of Change." Texas A&M Journal of Property Law 1, no. 3 (March 2014): 339–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.37419/jpl.v1.i3.1.
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The State of Texas leads the United States in wind energy generation capacity—it has more than twice the wind generation capacity of the next-closest state, California. If Texas was an independent nation, it would rank sixth in the world in total installed wind capacity. Texas has a rich history of legislation and regulatory effort to thank for these statistics, which reflects the knowledge that energy and infrastructure drive the economy. Starting in 1999, Texas became one of the first states to enact a Renewable Portfolio Standard (“RPS”). The RPS set a state-wide goal for new renewable energy installation with deadlines for when that goal was to be met. In addition to passing an RPS, Texas also created Competitive Renewable Energy Zones (“CREZs”). CREZs are areas of Texas that have been designated by the Public Utility Commission of Texas (“PUCT”) to receive special benefits for wind transmission and development due to their strong wind resources and large financial commitments in the region by wind developers. These programs, and several others, have helped the wind industry in Texas grow exponentially to continually reach the goals set out by the RPS long before deadlines arrive. In fact, on a recent day towards the end of March, wind generation accounted for 29% of the electricity used by most Texans.
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Chen, Ning, Masoud Vaseei, and Ali Peivandizadeh. "Forecasting Directions, Dates, And Causes of Future Technological Revolutions concerning the Growth of Human Capital." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2022 (October 6, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2494916.
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Technology forecasting is an important and critical issue that determines the starting point of planning and is considered as a management tool directly related to the future. In the previous research items, the development of renewable energy technologies was of concern. Moreover, due to the increasing need of countries to produce electricity and facing the lack of resources, this research focuses on forecasting photovoltaic technology. Accordingly, in this paper, for technological research in the field of solar energy, the patents extracted from one of the most famous renewable energy databases in the United States (US patent database) between 200 and 2020 were examined. Next, research gaps were analyzed by using the artificial neural network clustering method and also by analyzing covered and uncovered compounds. The results show that in the future, photovoltaic technology research will move towards the third generation of technology (organic materials) as well as focus on environmental parameters and their effects on the performance of photovoltaic systems.
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Hernandez-Escobedo, Quetzalcoatl, David Muñoz-Rodríguez, Alejandro Vargas-Casillas, José Manuel Juárez Lopez, Pilar Aparicio-Martínez, María Pilar Martínez-Jiménez, and Alberto-Jesus Perea-Moreno. "Renewable Energies in the Agricultural Sector: A Perspective Analysis of the Last Three Years." Energies 16, no. 1 (December 28, 2022): 345. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16010345.
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Renewable energy arises as a tool for the supply of energy to the agriculture sector. Currently, there is a growing concern for the environment. This circumstance has led to technological progress in energy use in relation to natural resources and their availability for all productive sectors, including agriculture. The main objective of this work is to perform analysis from a bibliometric point of view and to analyze scientific advances in renewable energy and agriculture worldwide that have occurred in the last three years (2019–2021). The purpose of this study is to provide an overview of the last three years on the topic in order to contribute to the international scientific community, specifically towards collaboration between authors, institutions, and countries. A keyword analysis using community detection was applied to detect the five main clusters of this research and was largely dedicated to the following topics: renewable energy technologies in agriculture, bioenergy, sustainable agriculture, biomass energy, and the environmental impact of agriculture. The main countries found to be conducting research on renewable energy and agriculture include India, China, the United States, Italy, the United Kingdom, Poland, Indonesia, Germany, the Russian Federation, and Spain; the most important institutions conducting research in this area include the Ministry of Agriculture of the People’s Republic of China, the Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers at the National Research University in Uzbekistan, the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, and the Grupo de Investigação em Engenharia e Computação Inteligente para a Inovação e o Desenvolvimento in Portugal. These results may contribute to the identification of new research needs and therefore to the development of future directions of research on renewable energies in the agricultural sector.