Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Rencontres par le milieu'
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Derbez, Patrick. "Attaques par rencontre par le milieu sur l'AES." Phd thesis, Paris, Ecole normale supérieure, 2013. https://theses.hal.science/tel-00918146.
Full textThis thesis is dedicated to the cryptanalysis of the AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) which is one of the most widely deployed block ciphers. We present a new technique to solve a particular kind of equations designed to attack the AES. This technique relies on both the linear algebra and the "Meet-in-the-Middle" technique and, for any system of equations, leads to many solvers with different but predictable complexity. Thus we built a program in order to find the fastest solver. Initially we applied it directly to the systems of equations describing round-reduced versions of the AES and found new attacks when the data available to the adversary is very limited, improving the previous ones manually found by others researchers. As the technique is generic, we were able to use this program to study different models as faults or chosen-key attacks and different cryptographic primitives as both the message authentication code Pelican-MAC and the stream cipher LEX. Finally, we show a generalization of the attacks of Demirci and Selçuk published at the FSE2008 conference, together with an algorithm that allowed us to find the best attacks of this class, with some of them belonging to the best known ones. This algorithm relies on the previous program in order to determine the number of values assumed by a subset of key and state bytes as well as the complexity of enumerating them
Derbez, Patrick. "Attaques par Rencontre par le Milieu sur l'AES." Phd thesis, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Paris - ENS Paris, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00918146.
Full textXiao, Wei. "Analyse des interactions en classe de langue en milieu universitaire chinois : les obstacles rencontrés par les enseignants extra-nationaux face aux étudiants chinois et leurs postures d'enseignement." Thesis, CY Cergy Paris Université, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021CYUN1084.
Full textFocused on the research field of teaching practices, this research aims to identify and categorize the obstacles that the teachers of French as a foreign language (hereafter referred as “FFL teachers”), who do not share the educational culture of their Chinese students and who work in an exolingual environment, have encountered in their classes. We are interested in the postures adopted by teachers to bypass, face or overcome the obstacles. Following an ethnographic approach, our research relies on the classroom interactions and teachers' verbalizations about their teaching practices. The analysis of teaching practices is also supported by the learners' points of view. Through a questionnaire and interviews with Chinese students, we try to understand the presence of obstacles and the effectiveness of teachers in dealing with these difficulties. The study of the obstacles in the teaching practices makes it possible to better understand the work of teachers in an exolingual environment, to enlighten the teacher's action as well as the development of the professional skills and finally to think about in a better way the training of FFL teachers who work in Chinese universities.Keywords: teaching practices, obstacles, exolingual environment, teachers' postures, classroom interactions, teachers' verbalizations
Belleau, Rachelle. "Les caractéristiques des rencontres amoureuses initiées par Internet." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2011. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/2670/1/030294590.pdf.
Full textLevé, Marine. "Les jardins domestiques, espaces de passage des insectes pollinisateurs et de leurs rencontres avec les habitant.e.s." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. https://wo.app.u-paris.fr/cgi-bin/WebObjects/TheseWeb.woa/wa/show?t=1997&f=13998.
Full textMore than half of the French population is nowadays living inside cities and this figure is still increasing. The urbanization process changes the opportunities of encounters between inhabitants and nature, even if biodiversity knowledge is quite high. It also impacts other living beings, such as pollinators, often with negative consequences. The domestic gaden stands as a meeting place for inhabitants and nature in peri-urban areas. Studies focusing on domestic gardens in urban ecology are still scarce, even if their number are now increasing. This work aimed at showing that domestic gardens are integrated in a wider landscape and social context, which allow them to play a role in biodiversity conservation, especially pollinators conservation. In order to do this and characterize several aspects of this domestic garden socio-ecosystem, I chose several spatial scales of study and refered to several frameworks from different fields: ecology, geography and conservation psychology. I first studied the Île-de-France scale and showed that gardens and areas with high proportion of domestic gardens were favorable habitats for pollinators within the urban matrix. Then, I precised the nature of insects floral resources determinants (diversity, origine, rarity, type of growing) in gardens: I confirmed the urbanisation negative effect, I showed that garden structure had variable effects and I did not identify effects of inhabitants connexion with nature. Floral resources changed from spontaneous and common flowers at the begining of the season to more cultivated and rarer flowers along the season. I also focused on two pollinator protection behaviors (participation to a citizen science program and growing of pollinator friendly flowers) at the garden scale and showed the importance of experiential aspects in the behavior motivations. Finally, a last chapter took into account inhabitants' life in the garden and showed that inhabiting a garden meant being part of a network of relations with variable density and variable incorporation of nature elements. Gardens are places of flowering but also of attention for living beings and sometimes are starting places from which other people or places are integrated in a conservation perspective. This work gave thoughs for taking into account local experiences and contexts in pollinators biodiversity conservation. One of the possible recommendations dealt with the necessity of a renewed discussion between stated experts of conservation in urban areas and inhabitants
Prevot, Vincent. "Comparaison de la production de complexes enzymatiques par fermentation en milieu solide et par fermentation en milieu liquide." Thesis, Reims, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013REIMS009/document.
Full textSolid-state fermentation is a bioprocess that can optionally be used as disruptive technology to reduce the cost of biocatalysts used in the lignocellulosic biomass conversion like wheat bran. The first part of this research has explored the potential of this technology compared to submerged fermentation in an application comparison. Several saccharification tests have thus been carried on different feedstocks (cellulose, wheat bran) and have shown the differentiator advantage of biocatalysts produced by solid state fermentation. Then, the second part of this research has investigated the recalcitrance factors of wheat bran to enzymatic hydrolysis. Two main factors have thus been demonstrated: a physical factor, related to the accessibility of biocatalysts to the polysaccharides, and a biochemical factor, related to the absence or the low presence of some enzymatic activities (feruloyl esterase, ...) in the enzymatic complex of Trichoderma reesei Rut-C30. This study has also identified the origin of the various carbohydrate moieties hydrolyzed and has determined the carbohydrate potential currently releasable from this biomass. Finally, the last part of this research has been devoted to the practical study of an innovative concept of process to promote the conversion of polysaccharides in wheat bran. A removal of the physical barrier to mass transfer and therefore a validation of this concept has finally been achieved
Badr, Sarah. "Erosion d'un milieu granulaire par un jet." Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA112349/document.
Full textThe present thesis consists in the experimental study of the erosion of a horizontal granular bed by a vertical jet. In a first part we study in details the erosion threshold. With the injector fixed at a given distance from the granular surface, the mean jet velocity is gradually increased until the displacement of first grains at the bed surface. Depending on the jet-bed distance, different jet flow regimes are observed, from laminar to turbulent. Using self-similar jet models in either laminar or turbulent regimes, which predict the axial velocity decay as a function of the distance from a flow point source called virtual origin, the local velocity at the bed position is estimated, allowing us to show that the local erosion mechanism described by the Shields number is inertial and independent of the jet regime. In a second part, we study the shape of craters formed above erosion threshold. Increasing the Shields number, the crater goes from a shape entirely parabolic to a more complex one with an invariant parabolic region close to the jet axis and a constant avalanching slope further on the side. We show that the bed thickness has no influence on the crater characteristics as long as the jet does not reach the bottom wall. When it does, we observe a third shape for the crater composed of a central flat region without any grains connected to the avalanching crown on the side by a small parabolic crown. We show the crater characteristics are governed by the jet-bed distance and that it is necessary to take into account the difference between the Shields number and its threshold value in this distance analysis
Try, Sophal. "Production d'arômes par fermentation en milieu solide." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCK013/document.
Full textThe adaptation of the production of γ-decalactones from submerged fermentation (SmF) to solid state fermentation (SSF) by Yarrowia lipolytica was investigated in this work. First of all, different solid matrices (corncob, cellulose sponge, luffa sponge, and castor seeds) were used for the first adaptation of the production of γ-décalactones. Luffa sponge appeared to be the most interesting solid support on which lactones were produced in higher concentrations than in the other solid matrices used. Then, the production of lactones using luffa sponge as the solid support was carried out in three types of SSF reactors to monitor different aeration conditions (without aeration, with a static aeration and with a forced aeration). A 5 g/L-high concentration of hydroxy-lactone was detected in the condition of static aeration using wide-mouth Erlenmeyer flasks. Furthermore, a concentration of lactones was stripped when forced aeration was used during the production using mini-reactors. To calculate the total production of lactones in this case, a mathematical model was used to evaluate the losses. Moreover, a novel alternative process using oxygen-enriched air (20%, 30%, 40% and 50%) was employed to study the effect of oxygen on β-oxidation in Y. lipolytica. In this part, the results showed that oxygen is required for hydroxy-lactone production and γ-decalactone degradation but not for the last step of production of this latter lactone. In the last part of this work, the effect of water activity (Aw) was preliminary studied on growth in agar medium, and for growth and lactone production in SmF
Crinière, Guillaume. "Nouvelles phases pyrochlores lacunaires obtenues par désintercalation en milieu réducteur et/ou par réaction d'échange en milieu sel fondu." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00008465.
Full textGrelet, Danielle. "Ouverture d'époxydes par la triphénylphosphine en milieu phénolique." Montpellier 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON20244.
Full textMouilleron-Arnould, Hélène. "Instabilité d'un milieu granulaire cisaillé par un fluide." Toulouse 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOU30054.
Full textBrassier, Pascale. "Débitmétrie par technique ultrasonore en milieu gazeux industriel." Bordeaux 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR10559.
Full textParent, du Chatelet Alexandre. "Perte d'énergie par rayonnement dans un milieu opaque." Thesis, Nantes, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NANT4063/document.
Full textIn order to understand the results of experiments on quark-gluon plasma such as ALICE at LHC at CERN, it is important to have accurate models to study the behavior of elementary particles in this kind of exotic medium. This thesis work is incorporated within the framework of radiative energy loss of an ultrarelativistic particle propagating in a dense medium. The radiative energy loss is a process characterized by a time called formation time so one can wonder if this energy loss is modified when the emitted gluon itself interacts in the medium during its formation. From the microscopic viewpoint, we want to look at the situation in which the mean free path in the medium is shorter than the formation time of the primary gluon. Thus, in this window of time, the quark-gluon pair being formed continues to interact in the medium with the possibility of emitting other gluons, called secondary ones, at lower energies and which could have an effect on the energy loss of the quark itself. To investigate this, we propose an effective formalism allowing us to include these secondary radiations in the propagation of the main quark or gluon in an ultrarelativistic limit and for radiations whose energy is negligible compared to the one of the principal pair. It will be shown that these secondary radiations reduce the formation time of the primary gluon to values of the order of the mean free path implying a decrease for the radiation spectrum and for the energy loss of the emitting parton
Restino, Clémence. "Production d’acide itaconique par des souches d’Aspergilli par fermentation en milieu solide." Thesis, Reims, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012REIMS012/document.
Full textSince a few years, one of research's challenges is to valorise agro-industrial by-products. One of the ways permitting the valorisation of these “wastes” is solid-state fermentation.The aim of this work is to produce itaconic acid with Aspergilli (Aspergillus itaconicus and Aspergillus terreus) strains from renewable resources. The chosen substrate in this study is wheat bran, by-product widely available in Champagne-Ardenne.Itaconic acid is classified among the TOP 12 of building blocks by the American Department Of Energy. Building blocks can be produced from ligno-cellulosic biomass and can be used instead of petrochemical-based molecules.In our study, we have not highlighted itaconic acid production by Aspergillus terreus NRRL 1960, but we have observed fumaric acid production by solid state fermentation. Fumaric acid is as interesting as itaconic acid since it also belongs to the TOP 12 of building blocks. Maximal production of fumaric acid is 0.44 mg/g dry matter by solid-state fermentation on wheat bran moistened at 70% and at pH 3, after 5 days of incubation at 30°C.Furthermore, we have shown that Aspergillus itaconicus NRRL 161 is able to produce 6.77 mg of itaconic acid/g dry matter by solid state fermentation on wheat bran moistened at 60% with sucrose solution at 400 g/L and at pH 3, after 4 days of incubation at 30°C.In a last part, we have highlighted, in Aspergillus itaconicus NRRL 161, the potential presence of the Cis-Aconitic acid Decarboxylase encoding gene, key enzyme in itaconic acid production
Fareh, Mejdi. "Confrontations et rencontres culturelles entre l'Orient et l'Occident : de la Révolution et de l'expédition françaises à la renaissance égyptienne : fin XVIIIe siècle-milieu XIXe siècles." Rouen, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ROUEL501.
Full textThe main point of this work is to clarify the process of convergence and confrontation between oriental and occidental culture and ideology during the french revolution and the expedition in Egypt, with the concern to limit the process of the egyptian renaissance during the first half of the 19 th centry, so we are exposing the way with these two civilizations are melt together in Egypt to give birth to the modern egyptian linking way. This leads to focus in the first part of the work on the egyptian's society's manifestation and internal dynamism, the socio-cultural and political transformation in Egypt that enabled the occidental cultural penetration. All this will be further linked to a second part of analysis of the modern egyptian thinking way in relation with occident , when the enphasies is on the process of semilarities acculturations, the transmissive channels and occidentalization agents that paved the way for the penetration of the occidental culture into the oriental one. Finally, in a third part, according to socio-cultural data, we will reveal the originality of the modern egyptian thinking, its renaissance and its development
Charton, Virgile. "Etude comparative de la perception d'ambiances lumineuses en milieu réel et en milieu virtuel." Lyon, INSA, 2002. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2002ISAL0076/these.pdf.
Full textThe digital simulation of the light in buildings, involve well validated methods of “radiosity” and “ray tracing”. However, few studies were carried out on the effects produced by such simulations. Are a scene produced by simulation and a real scene judged in the same way? Our work is concerned with the validity of virtual reality devices using synthetic images as input. Three stages were needed to achieve this goal: development of an immersive projection device, development of methods to evaluate the perception, comparison of the results obtained in real and virtual environment. Our results demonstrate that the computer-generated images provide visual information near to photographic quality. We suggested some improvement to our virtual reality device, likely to increase the agreement between evaluations in real and virtual environment
Charton, Virgile Fontoynont Marc. "Etude comparative de la perception d'ambiances lumineuses en milieu réel et en milieu virtuel." Villeurbanne : Doc'INSA, 2004. http://docinsa.insa-lyon.fr/these/2002/charton/index.html.
Full textRibay, Guillemette. "Localisation de source en milieu réverbérant par Retournement Temporel." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00122345.
Full textConcernant cette première application, une focalisation spatiale des signaux est observée tant numériquement qu'expérimentalement. Il est montré à la fois théoriquement et expérimentalement que le contraste ne dépend que du nombre d'éléments du Miroir à Retournement Temporel. Enfin, la robustesse de la focalisation lorsque la réciprocité du milieu est brisée entre les deux étapes du RT est étudiée.
D'autre part, afin de localiser des impacts à la surface de plaques réverbérantes, une technique reposant sur la comparaison des signatures acoustiques par corrélation est développée. L'analogie avec le RT, ainsi qu'une étude de la nature des ondes excitées par un impact à la surface de plaques, permettent de comprendre les capacités de cette techniques en terme de résolution et contraste. L'interaction de l'onde majoritaire (onde de Lamb A0) avec les bords de la plaque est également étudiée. En outre, un code de simulation numérique de la propagation de ce mode par différences finies dans l'approximation faible produit fréquence par épaisseur est développé. Enfin, l'influence des variations de température sur la technique de localisation par corrélation est étudiée numériquement, théoriquement et expérimentalement, dans plusieurs matériaux. Un changement de température entraîne une simple dilatation des réponses impulsionnelles, et est aisément compensé.
Kedzierski, Mikaël. "Pollutions du milieu littoral par les microplastiques : Méthodes d’évaluation." Thesis, Lorient, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORIS464/document.
Full textPlastics are technical materials necessary for industrialized societies. However, in the early 2000s, plastic particles of about ten microns were observed in seawater samples. These are called "microplastics". Their presence in most environments has been progressively highlighted making it an anthropocene marker. Moreover, these particles interact with environments and may carry toxic additives or micropollutants. However, scientific and technical barriers limit this accurate evaluation. In this context, the aims of this work are (1) to determine the most efficient and cost- effective extraction conditions of microplastics trapped in sand and (2) to evaluate the toxicity due to the interactions between micropollutants and aged plastics, which can occur in the marine environment. Thus, an elutriation system prototype has been built and an adapted protocol developed to efficiently extract microplastics from sand. In order to determine the optimal elutriation flow velocities, a simple numerical model based on hydrodynamic equations has been developed. This numerical model has been validated by comparing theoretical and experimental results. However, these results also demonstrate that process optimization was required: based on different constraints, for example the time needed to achieve the elutriation or the size of the column, new data on the design have been acquired. The evolution of the surface state and the toxicity of 3 types of plastic (PVC, PET and PBAT) immersed in the marine environment during 550 days was studied on Kernevel harbor (Larmor-Plage, France). The results of the plastics ageing show very different behaviors. PBAT ages faster than PVC whereas PET does not exhibit large modifications. The aging of PVC is accompanied by a loss of compounders characterized by an estrogenic activity and by the adsorption of heavy metals. In the marine environment, the degradation of the PBAT surface forms cavities in which clay particles can be trapped. Moreover, in a more punctual manner than PVC, this material exhibit strong estrogenic activities
Segues, Bénédicte. "Décontamination chimique par hydrolyse ou oxydation en milieu structuré." Toulouse 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOU30281.
Full textArvis, Vincent. "Vers une caractérisation de milieu par analyse de texture." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003CLF21474.
Full textCaucci, Sara. "La topologie de l'Univers révélée par le milieu intergalactique." Paris 6, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA066022.
Full textCosmological models predict that the mass of the Univers is dominated by a non-collisional and non-baryonic component: the so-called dark matter (DM). Thus, studying the statistical and topological properties of its spatial distribution is a key issue in cosmology. Since this component can not be directly observed, we propose to probe its distribution by using the Intergalactic Medium as a tracer. Simulations support the idea that this low-density gas follows the potential wells of the DM in a very precise way. When looking at a distant quasar, the presence of this gas results in a series of absorption features along the line of sight: the so-called Lyman-alpha forest. Moreover, when a group of quasars with small angular separations is available, then it is possible to interpolate the information provided by the Lyman-alpha forest, in order to recover the three dimensional density field, by using sophisticated inversion methods. In this thesis we test the result of this inversion method in a quantitative way, by using some statistical and topological tools which give information about the connectivity properties of the distribution. Hydrodynamical simulations are used to compare the properties of the original field with those of the recovered field. The aim is to understand under which conditions the inversion preserves the global topology of the field. The results of our analysis show the very promising power of the inversion procedure. Future observations with the next generation of Extremely Large Telescopes (ELT) should be able to observe a number of sources sufficiently high to allow this kind of reconstruction to be performed with accurate precision
MEZOUL, GILLES. "Synthese de polyesters par catalyse enzymatique en milieu organique." Paris 6, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA066668.
Full textCANAUD, BENOIST. "Focalisation d'un rayonnement tres penetrant par un milieu diffusant." Paris 6, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA066072.
Full textFarnaud, Jean-Paul. "Mesure par ultrasons dans un milieu diphasique liquide-gaz." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37604962c.
Full textLavaud, Cyril. "Traitement d'effluents aqueux par complexation en milieu micellaire et précipitation par voie sol-gel." Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01023177.
Full textGaubert, Eric. "Séparation radioéléments-sels de fond par nanofiltration assistée par complexation en milieu fortement salin." Lyon 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO19004.
Full textAnker, Wolfram. "Représentation spatiale des risques de propagation des pollutions par hydrocarbures en milieu souterrain : application en milieu alluvial." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 1997. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00825624.
Full textLaquerie, Nathalie. "Simulation numérique d'un écoulement diphasique multicomposant en milieu poreux." Bordeaux 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR10526.
Full textPinsonneault, Steve. "Enrichissement chimique du milieu intergalactique par des vents galactiques anisotropes." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/28775/28775.pdf.
Full textMoro, Clément. "Localisation de sources sonores par techniques d’antennes en milieu réverbérant." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6616.
Full textSeytre, Delphine. "Validation d'un stérilisateur par la vapeur d'eau en milieu hospitalier." Paris 5, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA05P038.
Full textOsswald, Patrice. "Essais de biodégradabilité en milieu marin par une biomasse fixée." Nancy 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995NAN10456.
Full textDruliolle, Hélène. "Transformation sélective du lactose par oxydation électrocatalytique en milieu aqueux." Poitiers, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997POIT2263.
Full textBiagini, Anne. "Synthèse peptidique catalysée par les protéases en milieu faiblement hydraté." Aix-Marseille 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990AIX30074.
Full textLargueze, Christophe. "Raffinage des huiles végétales par microfiltration : interaction milieu hydrophobe/membrane." Montpellier 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON20062.
Full textChemtob, Abraham. "Polymérisation par métathèse de cyclo-oléfines (ROMP) en milieu dispersé." Bordeaux 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BOR12706.
Full textIn recent years, ROMP has gained widespread interest as a versatile method to synthesize unsaturated polymers. Currently the development of a new generation of initiators based on late transition metals has indeed alowed ROMP to be applied to a variety of conditions, including functional monomers and polar solvents. We exploited their exceptional functional tolerance to explore the new and outstanding potentialities of this reaction with respect to the synthesis of rubbers in dispersed medium. Dispersion and Aqueous Suspension ROMP processes were contemplated as a means to prepare polynorbornene and polybutenylene latexes and succesfully implemented (tyres, coatings. . . ). The resulting polybutenylene dipsersion were aslo hydrogenated to produce a polyethlene latex. Macromonomers were used as stabilizers for the first time in ROMP. Extensive colloidal characterizations were also carried out to investigate the latex particle properties, their stability, the nucleation process as well as the influence of various experimental parameters
Perre, Mickael. "Lire par le milieu : Deleuze et la lecture comme expérimentation." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOU20047.
Full textCreates flows and that is always connected to an Outside. However even if it does own a part of open criticism and provocation, it would be wrong to regard that “machinism” as the mere thoughts of an iconoclast whose aim would be to tear to pieces the great figures of the history of Philosophy. “Reading by the way of the middle” is an evidence of a paradoxical faithfulness : the aim of “schizo-reading” is to experiment the virtual movements of the philosopher’s thought before it freezes or “stratifies” in the textual organisation of the book.This work aims at shedding light on the reasons why Deleuze was driven to reconsider the act of reading while showing the methodological and theoretical difficulties that punctuate the invention of this new philosophical practice
Jorio, Anouar. "Obtention de materiaux d'electrode par reduction electrochimique en milieu fondu." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986CLF2S865.
Full textJorio, Anouar. "Obtention de matériaux d'électrode par réduction électrochimique en milieu fondu." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37598540m.
Full textMaarouf, Abdallah. "Les problemes linguistiques, pedagogiques et psychologiques rencontres par des eleves marocains de l'enseignement secondaire (viie a. S. ) dans l'apprentissage du francais ecrit." Toulouse 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989TOU20007.
Full textBecause of its crossroads position, morocco is at stake in the competition between contradictory trends. Multi - lingualism is one among other illustrations of the latter. Although french is understood by a limited number of people, it is still used in many fields. In secondary education, "arabisation" aims at turning french, not any longer in the vehicle of scientific subjects, but rather in a second language, albeit with a privileged status. The present research is an attempt to systematically examine the mistakes made by vii th form pupils (ie pupils in their last year in secondary schools) in their written work in french, using the typological scale of the belc. The pupils belong to three geographical areas = a large interior city, meknes, and two small mountainous towns, ifrane and azrou. The survey was conducted on two levels = a standardised written questionnaire meant to gather cultural and socio - economic information together with written papers, the analysis of which allows to consider the difficulties met with in the learning of french. The mistakes come from, to a lesser extent, the arabic system (interferences), the french system, or both systems. They are related to different fields = phonetics, lexis, semantics and morpho - syntax
Martin, Vincent. "Simulations multidomaines des écoulements en milieu poreux." Paris 9, 2004. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2004PA090006.
Full textThis thesis is mainly concerned with the multidomain simulations of flow in porous media. Three different themes are considered. First, we study a domain decomposition method with non-matching meshes using Robin type interface conditions, for the mixed finite elements. Second, this method is implemented in parallel using the parallel system OcamlP3l, written in Ocaml by computer scientists. In OcamlP3l, the user develops and debugs sequentially, and obtains the parallel code with a mere recompilation. A realistic 3D simulation is given to validate the procedure. Finally, we present a new model for flow in a porous medium containing large fractures that may have very large and/or very small permeabilities. In this model, the fractures are treated as interfaces between subdomains. Existence and uniqueness of the solution is proved and an error estimate is obtained. Some numerical experiments show the quality of the results
Proth, Bruno-Marcel. "L'annexion circonstancielle de l'espace public : scènes et coulisses de lieux de rencontres (homo)sexuelles dans la ville et prévention du vih." Paris 8, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA081511.
Full textThe subject of this thesis is centered on a particular use of public space by populations considered as marginal : a periodic + annexion ; of these spaces by a gay population offers a new use as intimate space. One of the particular aims of this thesis is to measure the interactions between men frequenting segregated public spaces with the intention of initiating sexual and/or social encouters, and men who periodically return to the same places to carry out hiv prevention actions. The principal objective of this work is to better understand the social and sometimes sexual- relations between men with homosexual practices in public areas they have appropriated with the intention of finding partners. With this in view, i have analyzed the process of sexualization of differenciated and abandoned spaces through a triple perspective : territorialized space, temporalized space and symbolized space. This triple perspective puts forward particular territorial inscriptions that are both logical and necessary to the use of space for cruising. Volunteers must know and use the fronteers between premises used for conversation, introducing people to one another, or homosociality and premises stricly used for sexual consumption. Annexation of public space is produced according to singular logics which appear consistent to whom may decipher the meaning behind a restrictive logic shared by most of the men using these areas. The volunteers belonging to an association fighting aids carry out the role of a +regulator; by initiating individual and communitary responsability within the homosexual community cruising in public areas. The relationships of body distance between the users and the volunteers reveal appropriate body techniques, and volunteers depart from the established rule of silence in the premises by approaching and speaking to users. Using verbal communication and acting in the genarally accepted codified ways are means used to affirm oneself differently on the scene so that the participants may take into consideration the new context. Proxemic pertinence, spatial pertinence and self control facing seduction are the three articulations that the hiv prevention agents may rely upon throughout actions conducted in outdoor cruising areas
Saint-Raymond, Hubert. "Étude de l'agglomération par turbidimétrie de poudres d'alumine en milieu liquide." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 1995. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00843295.
Full textThi, Ngoc Ha Tran. "Diagnostics par spectroscopies femtosecondes des caractéristiques physiques d'un milieu en combustion." Besançon, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BESA2006.
Full textChivot, Jacques. "1) la chronopotentiometrie par redissolution chimique : 2) electrochimie en milieu biphasique." Paris 6, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA066671.
Full textLahrech, Abdelkabir. "Perception multi-capteurs pour la navigation par satellites en milieu urbain." Littoral, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006DUNK0165.
Full textThis work deals with the multisensory perception for satellites navigation. The idea is to get a continuous and efficient positioning of the vehicule in urban environment where GPS outages occur. We hybrided a GPS receiver and low-cost dead reckoning sensors. One of the most popular is the odometer which is a sensor available as a standard component in Antilock Brakink System (ABS) of vehicules. When GPS fails, the odometers allow a continuous positioning. We also use a road map database which improves the vehicle positioning. To solve this multisensor fusion problem, we develop a solution based on an “Unscented” Kalman filter and a particle filter that allow a direct integration of the measurements. The originality of this work relies on a modeling of the odometer which is described like a speed sensor. The statistical use of the road map measurements is based on the Mahalanobis metric. Finally, we propose a navigation method when partial GPS outages occur. In this case, the filter also fuses the available pseudo-ranges even if they are not enough to get a GPS positioning
Rolland, Valérie. "Synthèse peptidique en milieu organique par une endoprotéase modifiée et supportée." Montpellier 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON20113.
Full textKazan, Lutfallah. "Naissance et developpement du milieu diphasique par detente dans un canal." Paris 6, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA066324.
Full textGuérin, Jacques. "Analyse statistique de donnees bacteriologiques du milieu marin par classification hierarchique." Rennes 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990REN1T087.
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