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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Renal blood flow

Academic literature on the topic 'Renal blood flow'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 30 May 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Renal blood flow"

1

Di Giantomasso, David, Hiroshi Morimatsu, Clive N. May, and Rinaldo Bellomo. "Increasing Renal Blood Flow." Chest 125, no. 6 (June 2004): 2260–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.125.6.2260.

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Liang, Fuyou, Tooru Itoga, Ryuhei Yamaguchi, and Hao Liu. "A Numerical Study of Blood Flow in the Human Renal Artery." Proceedings of the Fluids engineering conference 2004 (2004): 280. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmefed.2004.280.

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Kornacka, M. K., E. Burzyńska, and J. Gadzinowski. "Renal Blood Flow in Twins." Acta geneticae medicae et gemellologiae: twin research 47, no. 3-4 (October 1998): 161–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001566000000052.

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AbstractThe aim of this preliminary study was the estimation of renal blood flow in 16 premature newborns from twin pregnancies with mean body weight 1270 g and mean gestational age 29 weeks.In control group we have 16 singleton newborns with mean gestational age 29 weeks and mean birth weight 1240 g. In both intervention and control group we have the similar clinical symptoms. The renal blood flow was carried out in the first day of life with the Acuson 128 XP Colour Doppler using the 6 and 7 MHz linear transducer. The renal blood flow parameters-PI, RI, Vmax, Vmin Vmean were measured in right and left renal arteries in theirs courses from the aorta to the renal hilus, by color sinal. In the investigation group the mean value of RI in right and left renal artery was 0,88. Mean PI in right vessel was 1,67 and in left 1,56. Mean V min in right and in left artery was 0,03 and mean V max in right artery was 0,34 and in left 0,33. Mean value of mean velocity in right vessels was 0,18 and in left 0,19.In control group we observed in right artery mean value of PI 1,74 and in left 1,6. Mean RI was 0,86 and 0,86 in right vessel in left vessel. Mean V min was 0,05 in right and 0,04 in left artery. Mean V max was 0,37 in right and 0,34 in left artery. Mean value of V mean was 0,19 in right artery and 0,18 in left artery.Using the student, Mann-Whitney and Shapiro-Wilk tests we have not observed statistically significant difference of Doppler parameters between control and investigation group and between the left and right artery. Although in newborns with broad PDA we noted significant higher value of RI (0,97, 0,98) than in newborns without PDA (0,78, 0,81).

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Mimran, Albert. "Regulation of Renal Blood Flow." Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology 10 (1987): S1—S9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005344-198700105-00002.

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Mimran, Albert. "Regulation of Renal Blood Flow." Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology 10 (1987): S1—S9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005344-198706105-00002.

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Kellum, John A. "Endotoxin and Renal Blood Flow." Blood Purification 15, no. 4-6 (1997): 286–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000170346.

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Guglielmi, M., S. Zanotti, M. Zanotti, T. Walker, J. E. Parrillo, and S. M. Hollenberg. "RENAL BLOOD FLOW IN MICE." Shock 25, Supplement 1 (June 2006): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00024382-200606001-00292.

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Laurent, Stéphane, Pierre Boutouyrie, and Elie Mousseaux. "Aortic Stiffening, Aortic Blood Flow Reversal, and Renal Blood Flow." Hypertension 66, no. 1 (July 2015): 10–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/hypertensionaha.115.05357.

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Speiman, F. A., and P. A. Öberg. "Continuous measurement of renal cortical blood flow and renal arterial blood flow during stimulation of the renal nerve." Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing 29, no. 2 (March 1991): 121–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02447096.

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Persson, Pontus B. "Renal blood flow autoregulation in blood pressure control." Current Opinion in Nephrology and Hypertension 11, no. 1 (January 2002): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00041552-200201000-00010.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Renal blood flow"

1

Slyvka, Nataliia Oleksyivna, and Nataliia Grygorivna Virstiuk. "Inflammatory signaling and renal blood flow in hepatorenal syndrome." Thesis, CYS. Conference for young scientists. - Kyiv, 21-25 september, 2015, 2015. http://dspace.bsmu.edu.ua:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/11572.

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Slyvka, Nataliia Oleksyivna, and Nataliia Grygorivna Virstiuk. "INFLAMMATORY SIGNALING AND RENAL BLOOD FLOW IN HEPATORENAL SYNDROME." Thesis, CYS. Conference for young scientists. - Kyiv, 21-25 september, 2015, 2015. http://dspace.bsmu.edu.ua:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/11622.

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Correia, Anabela G. 1975. "The renal medullary circulation and blood pressure control." Monash University, Dept. of Physiology, 2001. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/8480.

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Prowle, John Richard. "Renal blood flow and the pathophysiology of acute kidney injury." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.607649.

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Janssen, Wilbert Martien Theodoor. "Atrial natriuretic factor integrated effects on blood pressure, natriuresis, and renal medullary blood flow in man /." [S.l. : [Groningen] : s.n.] ; [University Library Groningen] [Host], 1994. http://irs.ub.rug.nl/ppn/123950805.

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Wallin, Ashley Kay. "Renal Arterial Blood Flow Quantification by Breath-held Phase-velocity Encoded MRI." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/4982.

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Autosomal dominant polycystic disease (ADPKD) is the most common hereditary renal disease and is characterized by renal cyst growth and enlargement. Hypertension occurs early when renal function is normal and is characterized by decreased renal blood flow. Accordingly, the measurement of blood flow in the renal arteries can be a valuable tool in evaluating disease progression. In studies performed in conjunction with this work, blood flow was measured through the renal arteries using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In order to validate these in vivo measurements, a vascular phantom was created using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and also scanned using MRI under controlled steady flow conditions. Ranges of vessel diameters and flow velocities were used to simulate actual flow in a normal and diseased population of adults and children. With the vessel diameters studied in this experiment, minimization of field of view and an increase in spatial resolution is important in obtaining accurate data. However, a significant difference does not exist between the results when using the 160 or 200 mm FOV. An increase in the number of phase encodings provides improved results, although an increase in image acquisition time is observed. Velocity-encoding in all three orthogonal directions does not improve image data. This method of using MRI to measure flow through a vessel is shown to be both accurate and reproducible, and the protocol providing the most correct results is prescribed. Breath-hold phase-velocity encoded MRI proves to be an accurate and reproducible technique in capturing flow and has the potential to be used for the purpose of observing hemodynamic changes in the renal arteries with the progression of ADPKD.

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Mastorakou, Irene. "Duplex Doppler ultrasound in the clinical assessment of the renal blood flow." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.314900.

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Whitehouse, Tony. "Validation of a model measuring rat intra-renal blood flow and tissue oxygen." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2006. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1445948/.

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Acute renal failure (ARF) is a common condition on the intensive care unit (ICU) and may affect up to 40% of patients (de Mendonca, A. et al., 2000), (Korkeila, M. et al., 2000). Pathophysiological mechanisms remain unclear. Patients who die from sepsis have kidneys that look histologically normal (Hotchkiss, R.S. et al., 1999), while the renal prognosis in survivors is good with < 2% requiring long-term renal replacement therapy (Noble, J.S. et al., 2001). This has led some authors to suggest that acute renal failure is a physiological process designed to shut down vital processes and protect the kidney from irreversible damage during a severe insult (Singer, M. et al., 2004). As ninety percent of oxygen consumption is utilised by the mitochondrion (Babcock, G.T. and Wikstrom, M., 1992), metabolic control may be regulated by mitochondrial activity (Beltran, B. et al., 2000). This may be an important mechanism underlying renal failure but is difficult to assess in the intact animal.

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Slyvka, N. O., I. A. Plesh, L. D. Boreiko, and O. V. Makarova. "The impact of liver inflammation on the renal blood flow in hepatorenal syndrome." Thesis, БДМУ, 2017. http://dspace.bsmu.edu.ua:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/17111.

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Aldridge, Colin. "Development of instrumentation for the study of fluid shifts and for the assessment of arteriovenous fistulae in haemodialysis patients." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.261575.

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Books on the topic "Renal blood flow"

1

Jia, Zhi-Qiang. Temperature homogeneity and blood flow in renal hyperthermia. Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1994.

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2

Young, Leonie S. Measurement and mechanisms of alterations in intrarenal blood flow in the rat. Dublin: University College Dublin, 1997.

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3

Miller, Judith Anne. Determinants of glomerular filtration rate and renal blood flow in human insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. Ottawa: National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1993.

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4

Sharkey, Rose A. Renal blood flow in respiratory failure. 1997.

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5

Endlich, Karlhans, and Rodger Loutzenhiser. Tubuloglomerular feedback, renal autoregulation, and renal protection. Edited by Neil Turner. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0209.

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Vascular tone of glomerular blood vessels is controlled dynamically in response to a number of stimuli of which tubuloglomerular feedback and blood flow (and glomerular filtration rate) autoregulation are the most prominent. Both tubuloglomerular feedback- and myogenic-mediated pre-glomerular vasoconstriction are important in the response to reduced pressure. The renal myogenic mechanism, which has the potential to adjust steady-state tone in response to the oscillating systolic pressure signal, additionally plays an essential role in protecting the kidney from the damaging effects of hypertension.

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Bramham, Kate, and Catherine Nelson-Piercy. Pregnancy and renal physiology. Edited by Norbert Lameire and Neil Turner. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0294_update_001.

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Pregnancy is characterized by unique physiological changes within the kidney, resulting in a marked increase in renal blood flow and glomerular filtration, which are associated with successful pregnancy outcomes. Early in normal pregnancy there are increases in plasma volume and cardiac output, but a lowered peripheral resistance leads to average blood pressures being lower. A pregnancy-associated respiratory alkalosis occurs. Protein excretion tends to increase slightly in women without kidney disease. Kidney size is increased, and pelvicalyceal system dilatation is noticeable in most women in the third trimester, right greater than left.

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7

Cupples, William Angus. Effect of changes in renal medullary blood flow on function of the inner medullary collecting duct. 1985.

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8

Mehta, Nikhil, and Bulent Arslan. Techniques for Treating Visceral Aneurysms and High-Flow Arteriovenous Malformations of the Renal and Visceral Vasculature. Edited by S. Lowell Kahn, Bulent Arslan, and Abdulrahman Masrani. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199986071.003.0028.

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Techniques for treating visceral aneurysms are based on location and anatomic region and also on whether an aneurysm is a true aneurysm or a pseudoaneurysm. Visceral artery aneurysms typically require treatment if they are greater than 2 cm. Aneurysms that are favorable for endovascular therapy include saccular aneurysms preferably with a narrow neck and/or aneurysms that have good collateral blood flow to the target organ. Endovascular techniques for treating arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are multifaceted and require appropriate identification of the AVM using multiple imaging modalities in addition to angiography. AVMs can be defined as slow flow, intermediate flow, and high flow.

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Stewart, Douglas, Gaurav Shah, Jeremiah R. Brown, and Peter A. McCullough. Contrast-induced acute kidney injury. Edited by Norbert Lameire. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0246.

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Contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) occurs because all forms of intravascular contrast contain iodine and their biochemical structures induce immediate changes in systemic and renal vasoreactivity. In the kidneys, contrast induces a transient decrease in renal blood flow. This is more pronounced in patients with chronic kidney disease and diabetes mellitus. The reduction in blood flow allows slowed transit of contrast and reabsorption by the proximal tubular cells where contrast is directly toxic resulting in tubular cell dysfunction and death. When there is considerable damage, a transient rise in serum creatinine and reduction in urine output will be observed in the hours to days after contrast exposure. Principles to reduce CI-AKI include limiting the amount of contrast used, intravascular volume expansion to maximize renal blood flow and speed transit of contrast, and possibly agents to reduce the oxidative damage caused by the contrast agents themselves.

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Ramrakha, Punit, and Jonathan Hill, eds. Eponymous syndromes. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199643219.003.0016.

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698–699700–704706–708A clinical triad of congenital anaemia, triphalangeal thumbs, and VSD. The aetiology is unknown.See Stokes–Adams syndrome ( p. 706).Hypertension resulting from occlusion of the coeliac axis, leading to diversion of collateral blood flow from the right renal artery. Originally described as renal-splanchnic steal syndrome....

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Book chapters on the topic "Renal blood flow"

1

Kam, Peter, Ian Power, Michael J. Cousins, and Philip J. Siddal. "Renal Blood Flow." In Principles of Physiology for the Anaesthetist, 249–50. Fourth edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, 2020.: CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429288210-41.

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Shoff, William H., Catherine T. Shoff, Suzanne M. Shepherd, Jonathan L. Burstein, Calvin A. Brown, Ashita J. Tolwani, Bala Venkatesh, et al. "Renal Blood Flow." In Encyclopedia of Intensive Care Medicine, 1964. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-00418-6_2138.

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Roman, Richard J. "Renal Blood Flow." In Laser-Doppler Blood Flowmetry, 289–304. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2083-9_16.

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Shoff, William H., Catherine T. Shoff, Suzanne M. Shepherd, Jonathan L. Burstein, Calvin A. Brown, Ashita J. Tolwani, Bala Venkatesh, et al. "Renal Blood Flow Regulation." In Encyclopedia of Intensive Care Medicine, 1964–67. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-00418-6_318.

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Kooyman, Gerald L. "Splanchnic and Renal Blood Flow." In Zoophysiology, 83–87. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83602-2_7.

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6

Koushanpour, Esmail, and Wilhelm Kriz. "Regulation of Renal Blood Flow and Glomerular Filtration Rate." In Renal Physiology, 73–95. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-1912-3_6.

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Lote, Christopher J. "Renal Blood Flow and Glomerular Filtration Rate." In Principles of Renal Physiology, 83–92. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3785-7_7.

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Lote, Christopher J. "Renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate." In Principles of Renal Physiology, 84–93. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-6470-2_7.

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Lote, Chris. "Renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate." In Principles of Renal Physiology, 86–95. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4086-7_7.

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Holstein-Rathlou, N. H., K. H. Chon, D. J. Marsh, and V. Z. Marmarelis. "Models of Renal Blood Flow Autoregulation." In Springer Series in Synergetics, 167–85. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79290-8_9.

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Conference papers on the topic "Renal blood flow"

1

Wang, Alan Tzu-Yuan, Akshya K. Swain, and Sarah-Jane Guild. "Nonlinear modelling of renal blood flow of kidneys." In TENCON 2009 - 2009 IEEE Region 10 Conference. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tencon.2009.5396165.

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Hafiz, Faizal, and Akshya Swain. "A Meta-heuristic Approach to Identification of Renal Blood Flow." In 2019 18th European Control Conference (ECC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/ecc.2019.8795710.

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Carneiro, Filipa, Ana E. Silva, Senhorinha F. C. F. Teixeira, Jose´ C. F. Teixeira, Pedro A. M. Lobarinhas, and Vasco G. Ribeiro. "The Influence of Renal Branches on the Iliac Arteries Blood Flow." In ASME 2008 3rd Frontiers in Biomedical Devices Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/biomed2008-38065.

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The characterization of blood flow is important to establish links between the hemodynamics and the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases. This study describes the development of a 3-D computational model able to predict the blood flow along the abdominal aorta, including the renal and iliac branches. Upstream branches in the abdominal aorta lead to more complex flow patterns downstream, intensifying reverse and asymmetric flow patterns. The focus is on the occurrence of reverse flow and the perturbations in blood flow patterns originated by the branches. Results show regions of recirculation in the walls of the abdominal aorta, renal and iliac branches. It is concluded that, the renal branches induces perturbations in blood flow and result in asymmetric velocity profiles.

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Albert, Scott, Jenn Stroud Rossmann, and Robert Balaban. "Numerical Simulation of Blood Flow in the Renal Arteries: Influence of the Ostium Flow Diverter." In ASME 2013 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2013-14250.

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The tendency of atherosclerotic plaques to develop at arterial branch points is likely due to both the hemodynamics and macromolecular environment associated with these branch points. Arterial branches experience flow separation, which results in regions of low shear stress[1–3], and contributes to longer residence times that may allow for deposition of pro-atherogenic material in the vessel wall [2]. In addition, low shear stress itself may provide cellular signals that alter the tissue microenvironment in favor of atherogenesis [3, e.g.].

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Armstrong, Grant, Samantha Peno, Wendy Espinoza, Eric Judd, and Evan Lemley. "Flow in a Human Renal Artery Network With a Saccular Aneurysm." In ASME 2013 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2013-16259.

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Blood flow into the kidneys through the renal artery determines the systemic blood pressure which is regulated by the baroreceptors in the kidneys. When the baroreceptors sense decreases in local fluid pressure they stimulate the renin-angiotensin aldosterone (RAA) system, which increases systemic blood pressure by constricting blood vessels throughout the body. An aneurysm in the renal artery leads to high systemic blood pressure in most patients with this condition, but the mechanisms by which the pressure increase occurs are not well understood. One explanation of the pressure increase could be a drop in local fluid pressure near the aneurysm itself causing the RAA system to “correct” this low pressure by systemically increasing the blood pressure. The ongoing work reported here has focused on a model renal artery network with and without an aneurysm by simulating the flow with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software. The fluid for the simulations was meant to mimic blood in terms of density and viscosity for shear stresses where Non-Newtonian flow effects should not be a concern. Flow into the renal artery was at a Reynolds number of almost 700, to mimic the flow rate in the renal artery. The simulations were performed to determine the difference in pressure between an inlet to the renal network and the exits from the network. These results indicate that the pressure difference through the network differed by less than 10 Pa comparing networks with and without saccular aneurysm. The pressure change that would trigger the RAA system is nearly 1000 Pa. So we conclude that the effect of changing the geometry with only a saccular aneurysm is not responsible for triggering the RAA system alone. Other effects that could lead to triggering of the RAA system are discussed as well as our initial construction of a system to perform validation experiments of our CFD results.

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Pavlov, Alexey N., Olga N. Pavlova, Erik Mosekilde, and Olga V. Sosnovtseva. "A study of renal blood flow regulation using the discrete wavelet transform." In BiOS, edited by Valery V. Tuchin, Donald D. Duncan, and Kirill V. Larin. SPIE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.846730.

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Totorean, A. F., I. C. Totorean, and S. I. Bernad. "Numerical study of blood flow characteristics in patient-specific renal arteries configuration." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF NUMERICAL ANALYSIS AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS ICNAAM 2020. AIP Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0082817.

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Leelanukrom, Pimchanok, Goragoch Gesprasert, Tanit Kasantikul, and Phornphop Naiyanetr. "The Renal Vascular Resistance and Renal Blood Flow of Hypothermic Machine Perfusion and Cold Storage in porcine slaughterhouse kidneys." In 2019 12th Biomedical Engineering International Conference (BMEiCON). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bmeicon47515.2019.8990299.

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Kamrath, Benjamin D., Taylor N. Suess, and Stephen P. Gent. "Assessment of Pulsatile Blood Flow Models for the Descending Aorta Using CFD." In ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2015-53073.

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The objective of this research is to develop a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of a healthy human aorta from the aortic arch to the femoral arteries to allow for a better understanding of blood flow characteristics in this significant vessel. The increasing number of patients suffering from vascular diseases has accelerated the research in this field. Pulsatile blood flow through the descending aorta has numerous mechanisms that influence the flow characteristics, including non-Newtonian fluid effects, transient effects of the cardiac cycle, and geometries within the aortic vessel, among others. Although CFD has been used to predict flow effects of rather complicated systems, the use of CFD in vascular flow is still largely not understood. This paper compares non-Newtonian fluid effects in the flow of a natural aorta as well as flow effects within the descending aorta, including the ostium flow diverter, which regulates blood flow from the aorta to the renal arteries and was discovered within the last five years. Utilizing Creo Parametric, a 3-dimensional representation of the aorta was created including physical portrayals of the renal, superior mesenteric, common iliac and celiac arteries. This geometry was imported, meshed, and analyzed using a commercially available CFD solver. Using fluid properties of blood previously characterized in prior research, pulsatile flow models were investigated using constant viscosity and the Carreau-Yasuda Non-Newtonian viscosity model. This research compares the Oscillating Shear Index results of the constant viscosity model versus non-Newtonian. Shear stress and velocity profiles are used to study the effects of each assumption on the flow of blood through the descending aorta. This will be done by using a scalar result of the shear stress and the calculated Oscillating Shear Index. Based on previous work, the boundary layers created at the entrance of the renal arteries should be reduced by the presence of the ostium flow diverter. The model with the ostium flow diverter is used in both simulations. Ultimately, the simulation may predict the effects of changes or interventions to the descending aorta caused by assuming constant viscosity or non-Newtonian.

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Kang, Jane, Tamera Scholz, Jason Weaver, David N. Ku, and David W. Rosen. "Pump Design for a Portable Renal Replacement System." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-38245.

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This work proposes a small, light, valve-less pump design for a portable renal replacement system. By analyzing the working principle of the pump and exploring the design space using an analytical pump model, we developed a novel design for a cam-driven finger pump. Several cams sequentially compress fingers, which compress flexible tubes, thus eliminating valves. Either changing the speed of the motor or size of the tube can control the flow rate. In vitro experiments conducted with whole blood using the pump measured Creatinine levels over time, and the results verify the design for the portable renal replacement system. The proposed pump design is smaller than 153 cm3 and consumes less than 1W while providing a flow rate of more than 100ml/min for both blood and dialysate flows. The smallest pump of a portable renal replacement system in the literature uses check valves, which considerably increase the overall manufacturing cost and possibility of blood clotting. Compared to that pump, the proposed pump design achieved reduction in size by 52% and savings in energy consumption by 89% with the removal of valves. This simple and reliable design substantially reduces the size requirements of a portable renal replacement system.

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