Journal articles on the topic 'Remotely deployed wireless'
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Chowdhury, Chandreyee, Nauman Aslam, Ghufran Ahmed, Samiran Chattapadhyay, Sarmistha Neogy, and Li Zhang. "Novel Algorithms for Reliability Evaluation of Remotely Deployed Wireless Sensor Networks." Wireless Personal Communications 98, no. 1 (September 4, 2017): 1331–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11277-017-4921-9.
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Razaque, Abdul, and Khaled Elleithy. "AUTOMATIC ENERGY SAVING (AES) MODELTO BOOST UBIQUITOUS WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS (WSNs)." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTERS & TECHNOLOGY 10, no. 5 (August 23, 2013): 1569–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/ijct.v10i5.4144.
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We deploy BT node (sensor) that offers passive and active sensing capability to save energy. BT node works in passive mode for outdoor communication and active for indoor communication. The BT node is supported with novel automatic energy saving (AES) mathematical model to decide either modes. It provides robust and faster communication with less energy consumption. To validate this approach, we use two types of simulations: Test bed simulation is performed to automate the server through mobile phone using AES model. Ns2 simulation is done to simulate the behavior of network with supporting mathematical model. The main objective of this research is to access remotely available several types of servers, laptops, desktops and other static and moving objects. This prototype is initially deployed to control MSCS [13] & [14] from remote place through mobile device. The prototype can further be implemented to handle several objects simultaneously in university and other organizations consuming less energy and resources.
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Goyal, Sonia, and Manjeet Singh Patterh. "Performance of BAT Algorithm on Localization of Wireless Sensor Network." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTERS & TECHNOLOGY 6, no. 3 (May 30, 2013): 351–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/ijct.v6i3.4481.
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Many applications of wireless sensor networks (WSN) require information about the geographical location of each sensor node. Devices that form WSN are expected to be remotely deployed in large numbers in a sensing field, and to self -organize to perform sensing and acting task. The goal of localization is to assign geographical coordinates to each device with unknown position in the deployment area. Recently, the popular strategy is to apply optimization algorithms to solve the localization problem. In this paper, the bat algorithm is implemented to estimate the sensor‟s position.
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Amira, Abbes, Mazen A. R. Saghir, Naeem Ramzan, Christos Grecos, and Florian Scherb. "A Reconfigurable Wireless Environment for ECG Monitoring and Encryption." International Journal of Embedded and Real-Time Communication Systems 4, no. 3 (July 2013): 72–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijertcs.2013070104.
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Connected health is the convergence of medical devices, security devices, and communication technologies. It enables patients to be monitored and treated remotely from their home or primary care facility rather than attend outpatient clinics or be admitted to hospital. Patients’ data and medical records within a connected health system should be securely transmitted and saved for further analysis and diagnosis. This paper presents a reconfigurable wireless system for electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring which can be deployed in a connected health environment. Efficient field programmable gate array (FPGA) implementation for the ECG encryption block has been carried out on the RC10 prototyping board using the advanced encryption standard (AES) algorithm. Results presented have shown that the proposed AES implementation outperforms the existing FPGA-based systems in different key performance metrics and that ECG signals acquired using the VitalSens device can be encrypted/decrypted in real-time. A software based evaluation approach has been also performed to validate the proposed hardware implementation. The proposed solution can be deployed for electronic archiving of health records information systems and health monitoring technologies in personalized medicine.
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Dhoot, Anshita. "A Survey of Internet of Things." SYNCHROINFO JOURNAL 6, no. 5 (2020): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.36724/2664-066x-2020-6-2-25-32.
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The growing era of technology through the internet, Internet of Things (i.e. IoT) has a powerful and strong industrial system that provides an opportunity to grow and applications to use ubiquitously. Its applications use sensor, wireless, mobile and RFID technology devices. In recent years IoT applications are enhancing to being deployed as well as developed. The IoT promises to have a great future era of the Internet uses that involves machine-to-machine communication. It helps to enable the sensor network as well as technologies, even IoT got involved in our day-to-day routine such that it supports to control and to monitor a human being's mundane by providing mobile access, remotely. Undoubtedly, remote access is the incredible feature of the IoT which has been given to this world. The main objective of IoT is to provide remotely accessible at low-cost that too by often visits through electronic devices. This paper presents the maximum possibilities of challenges, applications, security issues and techniques of IoT.
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Teixidó, Pedro, Juan Gómez-Galán, Fernando Gómez-Bravo, Trinidad Sánchez-Rodríguez, Javier Alcina, and Juan Aponte. "Low-Power Low-Cost Wireless Flood Sensor for Smart Home Systems." Sensors 18, no. 11 (November 7, 2018): 3817. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18113817.
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This paper presents the design of a wireless flood sensor to detect the presence of water on home floors, providing early warning of water leaks. A wireless sensor network has been deployed to gather the measurements from the sensor nodes. A control central coordinates the network and processes the data. Users can remotely inquire for the presence of water, status of the batteries for a specific node, the type of liquid and information about its functionality and alarms, thanks to a proprietary software application. The alerts are also communicated to the user within the home through an audible siren. The designed device is optimized in terms of costs, ease of deployment and maintenance, thus making it widely acceptable to end users.
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Kanwal, T., S. Altaf, and M. K. Javed. "Environmental Monitoring Smart System with Self-Sustaining Wireless Sensor Network Using Data Validation Algorithms." Journal of Engineering Sciences 7, no. 1 (2020): E10—E19. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/jes.2020.7(1).e3.
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Study in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) has been becoming an emerging and promising research topic aiming for the advancement in the Internet of Things (IoT) for a reliable connection. The capability of the wireless sensor to be used in a complex environment can become hard to reach areas and also be able to communicate in an ad-hoc manner, attracted researchers in recent times. Development in wireless sensor network producing a lot of new applications to sense environment remotely are facing challenges restricting it to perform up to its potential. Data validation and data reliability are such existing problems in this domain that needed to be addressed. Because sensed data cannot be blindly trusted upon, as it may have faults and errors occurred with-in the sensing environment. Besides, to guarantee the active state of the sensing system in a remote area is also essential in terms of power usage and management. The focus of the paper is data validation acquired from sensors deployed in remote areas. Although, lots of data validation algorithms have been proposed by researchers to identify single data fault. However, our research identifies multiple faults, namely spike fault, out of range fault, outliers, and stuck at fault using a hybrid form of an algorithm. A comparison with the existing algorithm shows that the proposed algorithm improved data validation by 97 % in detecting multiple data faults using Artificial Intelligence techniques. Keywords: wireless sensor network, data validation, feature extraction, feature identification, algorithm.
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Mahfoudhi, Farouk, Ashish Kumar Sultania, and Jeroen Famaey. "Over-the-Air Firmware Updates for Constrained NB-IoT Devices." Sensors 22, no. 19 (October 6, 2022): 7572. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22197572.
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The Internet of Things (IoT) is being deployed to provide smart solutions for buildings, logistics, hospitals, and many more. It is growing with billions of connected devices. However, with such tremendous growth, maintenance and support are the hidden burdens. The devices deployed for IoT generally have a light microcontroller, low-power, low memory, and lightweight software. The software, which includes firmware and applications, can be managed remotely via a wireless connection. This improves flexibility, installation time, accessibility, effectiveness, and cost. The firmware can be updated constantly to remove known bugs and improve the functionality of the device. This work presents an approach to update firmware over-the-air (OTA) for constrained IoT devices. We used Narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) as the wireless communication standard to communicate between the managing server and devices. NB-IoT is one of the most promising low power wide area (LPWA) network protocols that supports more than 50k devices within a cell using a licensed spectrum. This work is a proof of concept demonstrating the usage of NB-IoT to update firmware for constrained devices. We also calculated the overall power consumption and latency for different sizes of the firmware.
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Xiao, Jin Chao, Peng Zeng, Hua Liang Zhang, and Dong Li. "Ant-Colony-Based Geographic and Energy Balance Routing for Sensor Networks." Applied Mechanics and Materials 241-244 (December 2012): 1049–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.241-244.1049.
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Recent advances in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) now witness the increased interest in the potential use in applications. Sensors are expected to be remotely deployed in large numbers and operate autonomously in unattended environments. In this paper, Ant-colony-based Geographic and Energy Balance Routing (AGEBR) was utilized to establish wireless sensor networks which had survival cycles. This Ant-colony-based routing can modify the geographic information based on the distribution characteristics of the ant colony algorithm, and finally achieve fast convergence and high efficiency. As a result, the sensor networks which did not have lasting energy supplement or only had limited energy complement could last a longer period without losing their sensing ability. Experimental results demonstrated that the proposed approach can keep balance of the network energy consumption, prolong the network lifetime, and enhance the successful sending rate without congestion.
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Chandrakar, Preeti. "A Secure Remote User Authentication Protocol for Healthcare Monitoring Using Wireless Medical Sensor Networks." International Journal of Ambient Computing and Intelligence 10, no. 1 (January 2019): 96–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijaci.2019010106.
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The wireless medical sensor networks WMSN play a crucial role in healthcare monitoring remotely. In remote healthcare monitoring, the sensor nodes are deployed in patient's body for collecting physiological data and transmit these data over an insecure channel. The patient's health information is highly sensitive and important. Any malicious modification in physiological data will make wrong diagnoses and harm the patient health. Therefore, privacy, data security, and user authentication are extremely important for accessing patient's real-time heath information over an insecure channel. In this regard, this article proposes a secure and robust two-factor based remote user authentication protocol for healthcare monitoring. The authentication proof has done with the help of BAN logic, which ensures that the proposed scheme provides mutual authentication and session key agreement securely. The informal security verification proves that the developed protocol is secure from various security attacks. The simulation of the proposed scheme has been done using AVISPA tool, whose simulation results confirm that the proposed scheme is secure from active and passive attacks. Performance evaluation shows that the proposed protocol is efficient in terms of security features, computation cost, communication cost, and execution time.
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Niewiadomska-Szynkiewicz, Ewa. "Localization in wireless sensor networks: Classification and evaluation of techniques." International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science 22, no. 2 (June 1, 2012): 281–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10006-012-0021-x.
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Localization in wireless sensor networks: Classification and evaluation of techniques Recent advances in technology have enabled the development of low cost, low power and multi functional wireless sensing devices. These devices are networked through setting up a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). Sensors that form a WSN are expected to be remotely deployed in large numbers and to self-organize to perform distributed sensing and acting tasks. WSNs are growing rapidly in both size and complexity, and it is becoming increasingly difficult to develop and investigate such large and complex systems. In this paper we provide a brief introduction to WSN applications, i.e., properties, limitations and basic issues related to WSN design and development. We focus on an important aspect of the design: accurate localization of devices that form the network. The paper presents an overview of localization strategies and attempts to classify different techniques. A set of properties by which localization systems are evaluated are examined. We then describe a number of existing localization systems, and discuss the results of performance evaluation of some of them through simulation and experiments using a testbed implementation.
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Thimmaiah, Sudha H., and Mahadevan G. "A Range Based Localization Error Minimization Technique for Wireless Sensor Network." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 7, no. 2 (August 1, 2017): 395. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v7.i2.pp395-403.
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<p>Wireless sensor network (WSN) is composed of low cost, tiny sensor that communicates with each other and transmit sensory data to its base station/sink. The sensor network has been adopted by various industries and organization for their ease of use and is considered to be the most sorted future paradigm. The sensor devices are remotely deployed and powered by batteries. Preserving the energy of sensor devices is most desired. To preserve the battery efficient routing technique is needed. Most routing technique required prior knowledge of sensor nodes location in order to provide energy efficiency. Many existing technique have been proposed in recent time to determine the position of sensor nodes. The existing technique proposed so for suffers in estimating the likelihood of localization error. Reducing the error in localization is most desired. This work present a (Time-of-Arrival) based localization technique and also present adaptive information estimation model to reduce/approximate the localization error in wireless sensor network. The author compares our proposed localization model with existing protocol and analyses its efficiency.</p>
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Lin, Sen, Jianxin Huang, Wenzhou Chen, Wenlong Zhou, Jinhong Xu, Yong Liu, and Jinqiang Yao. "Intelligent warehouse monitoring based on distributed system and edge computing." International Journal of Intelligent Robotics and Applications 5, no. 2 (May 1, 2021): 130–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41315-021-00173-4.
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AbstractThis paper mainly focuses on the volume calculation of materials in the warehouse where sand and gravel materials are stored and monitored whether materials are lacking in real-time. Specifically, we proposed the sandpile model and the point cloud projection obtained from the LiDAR sensors to calculate the material volume. We use distributed edge computing modules to build a centralized system and transmit data remotely through a high-power wireless network, which solves sensor placement and data transmission in a complex warehouse environment. Our centralized system can also reduce worker participation in a harsh factorial environment. Furthermore, the point cloud data of the warehouse is colored to visualize the actual factorial environment. Our centralized system has been deployed in the real factorial environment and got a good performance.
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Khalifeh, Ala’, Husam Abid, and Khalid A. Darabkh. "Optimal Cluster Head Positioning Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks." Sensors 20, no. 13 (July 3, 2020): 3719. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20133719.
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Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are increasingly gaining popularity, especially with the advent of many artificial intelligence (AI) driven applications and expert systems. Such applications require specific relevant sensors’ data to be stored, processed, analyzed, and input to the expert systems. Obviously, sensor nodes (SNs) have limited energy and computation capabilities and are normally deployed remotely over an area of interest (AoI). Therefore, proposing efficient protocols for sensing and sending data is paramount to WSNs operation. Nodes’ clustering is a widely used technique in WSNs, where the sensor nodes are grouped into clusters. Each cluster has a cluster head (CH) that is used to gather captured data of sensor nodes and forward it to a remote sink node for further processing and decision-making. In this paper, an optimization algorithm for adjusting the CH location with respect to the nodes within the cluster is proposed. This algorithm aims at finding the optimal CH location that minimizes the total sum of the nodes’ path-loss incurred within the intra-cluster communication links between the sensor nodes and the CH. Once the optimal CH is identified, the CH moves to the optimal location. This suggestion of CH re-positioning is frequently repeated for new geometric position. Excitingly, the algorithm is extended to consider the inter-cluster communication between CH nodes belonging to different clusters and distributed over a spiral trajectory. These CH nodes form a multi-hop communication link that convey the captured data of the clusters’ nodes to the sink destination node. The performance of the proposed CH positioning algorithm for the single and multi-clusters has been evaluated and compared with other related studies. The results showed the effectiveness of the proposed CH positioning algorithm.
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Jornet-Monteverde, Julio Antonio, Juan José Galiana-Merino, and Juan Luis Soler-Llorens. "Design and Implementation of a Wireless Recorder System for Seismic Noise Array Measurements." Sensors 22, no. 21 (October 22, 2022): 8103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22218103.
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In this work, a wireless data acquisition system for seismic noise array measurements is presented. The developed system is composed of a series of nodes and a central server arranged in a point-to-multipoint topology. The nodes consist of a CC3200 microcontroller, an analog-to-digital converter, and a low-noise conditioning circuit designed specifically to register seismic noise, and which is connected to the seismic sensor. As a server, a Raspberry Pi 4B has been used that will receive the samples from the nodes via Wi-Fi and will save them in files. It also incorporates a Web interface developed with JavaScript node.js technology that allows to configure the number of nodes as well as different options, to start and stop the records, and to view in real time the different signals received from the nodes. The system can be deployed anywhere since each of the nodes use independent batteries as a power supply. In addition, it is possible to operate the system remotely if internet connectivity is available. The prototype has been tested in four different locations in the Alicante province (southeast Spain), demonstrating its suitability for seismic noise array measurements.
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Hashim, Firdaus, Roslina Mohamad, Murizah Kassim, Saiful Izwan Suliman, Nuzli Mohamad Anas, and Ahmad Zaki Abu Bakar. "Implementation of embedded real-time monitoring temperature and humidity system." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 16, no. 1 (October 1, 2019): 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v16.i1.pp184-190.
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<span>Temperature and humidity are among the parameters that significant to the industrial and agricultural. Traditionally, these elements are monitored inefficiently through wired monitoring system that caused higher implementation and maintenance cost. In addition, the device to detect the temperature such thermometer is not suitable for real-time monitoring since it need a longer response time to measure. With the advent of wireless technology, the temperature and humidity are monitored remotely and effectively. This paper aims to describe the implementation of an embedded real-time temperature and humidity monitoring system, using Arduino for Internet of Things (IoT) application. The system integrates the Arduino node with a dashboard system call Node-FRED, which interfaced to the LoRa radio through the Things Network gateway. This IoT application is deployed on both indoor and outdoor environment, to investigate the relation between the temperature and humidity level in order to manage the environment at more comfort level.</span>
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Addabbo, Tommaso, Ada Fort, Matteo Intravaia, Marco Mugnaini, Lorenzo Parri, Alessandro Pozzebon, and Valerio Vignoli. "Solar energy harvesting for LoRaWAN-based pervasive environmental monitoring." ACTA IMEKO 10, no. 2 (June 29, 2021): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.21014/acta_imeko.v10i2.1046.
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<p>The aim of this paper is to discuss the characterisation of a solar energy harvesting system to be integrated in a wireless sensor node, to be deployed on means of transport to pervasively collect measurements of Particulate Matter (PM) concentration in urban areas. The sensor node is based on the use of low-cost PM sensors and exploits LoRaWAN connectivity to remotely transfer the collected data. The node also integrates GPS localisation features, that allow to associate the measured values with the geographical coordinates of the sampling site. In particular, the system is provided with an innovative, small-scale, solar-based powering solution that allows its energy self-sufficiency and then its functioning without the need for a connection to the power grid. Tests concerning the energy production of the solar cell were performed in order to optimise the functioning of the sensor node: satisfactory results were achieved in terms of number of samplings per hour. Finally, field tests were carried out with the integrated environmental monitoring device proving its effectiveness.</p>
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Khan, Ajmal, Adnan Munir, Zeeshan Kaleem, Farman Ullah, Muhammad Bilal, Lewis Nkenyereye, Shahen Shah, Long D. Nguyen, S. M. Riazul Islam, and Kyung-Sup Kwak. "RDSP: Rapidly Deployable Wireless Ad Hoc System for Post-Disaster Management." Sensors 20, no. 2 (January 19, 2020): 548. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20020548.
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In post-disaster scenarios, such as after floods, earthquakes, and in war zones, the cellular communication infrastructure may be destroyed or seriously disrupted. In such emergency scenarios, it becomes very important for first aid responders to communicate with other rescue teams in order to provide feedback to both the central office and the disaster survivors. To address this issue, rapidly deployable systems are required to re-establish connectivity and assist users and first responders in the region of incident. In this work, we describe the design, implementation, and evaluation of a rapidly deployable system for first response applications in post-disaster situations, named RDSP. The proposed system helps early rescue responders and victims by sharing their location information to remotely located servers by utilizing a novel routing scheme. This novel routing scheme consists of the Dynamic ID Assignment (DIA) algorithm and the Minimum Maximum Neighbor (MMN) algorithm. The DIA algorithm is used by relay devices to dynamically select their IDs on the basis of all the available IDs of networks. Whereas, the MMN algorithm is used by the client and relay devices to dynamically select their next neighbor relays for the transmission of messages. The RDSP contains three devices; the client device sends the victim’s location information to the server, the relay device relays information between client and server device, the server device receives messages from the client device to alert the rescue team. We deployed and evaluated our system in the outdoor environment of the university campus. The experimental results show that the RDSP system reduces the message delivery delay and improves the message delivery ratio with lower communication overhead.
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Yu, Lihong, Jiali Shang, Zhiqiang Cheng, Zebin Gao, Zixin Wang, Luo Tian, Dantong Wang, et al. "Assessment of Cornfield LAI Retrieved from Multi-Source Satellite Data Using Continuous Field LAI Measurements Based on a Wireless Sensor Network." Remote Sensing 12, no. 20 (October 11, 2020): 3304. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12203304.
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Accurate and continuous monitoring of leaf area index (LAI), a widely-used vegetation structural parameter, is crucial to characterize crop growth conditions and forecast crop yield. Meanwhile, advancements in collecting field LAI measurements have provided strong support for validating remote-sensing-derived LAI. This paper evaluates the performance of LAI retrieval from multi-source, remotely sensed data through comparisons with continuous field LAI measurements. Firstly, field LAI was measured continuously over periods of time in 2018 and 2019 using LAINet, a continuous LAI measurement system deployed using wireless sensor network (WSN) technology, over an agricultural region located at the Heihe watershed at northwestern China. Then, cloud-free images from optical satellite sensors, including Landsat 7 the Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+), Landsat 8 the Operational Land Imager (OLI), and Sentinel-2A/B Multispectral Instrument (MSI), were collected to derive LAI through inversion of the PROSAIL radiation transfer model using a look-up-table (LUT) approach. Finally, field LAI data were used to validate the multi-temporal LAI retrieved from remote-sensing data acquired by different satellite sensors. The results indicate that good accuracy was obtained using different inversion strategies for each sensor, while Green Chlorophyll Index (CIgreen) and a combination of three red-edge bands perform better for Landsat 7/8 and Sentinel-2 LAI inversion, respectively. Furthermore, the estimated LAI has good consistency with in situ measurements at vegetative stage (coefficient of determination R2 = 0.74, and root mean square error RMSE = 0.53 m2 m−2). At the reproductive stage, a significant underestimation was found (R2 = 0.41, and 0.89 m2 m−2 in terms of RMSE). This study suggests that time-series LAI can be retrieved from multi-source satellite data through model inversion, and the LAINet instrument could be used as a low-cost tool to provide continuous field LAI measurements to support LAI retrieval.
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Estrela, Vania V. "SDR-Based High-Definition Video Transmission for Biomedical Engineering." Medical Technologies Journal 4, no. 3 (December 7, 2020): 584–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.26415/2572-004x-vol4iss3p584-585.
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Background: Software-Defined Radio (SDR) frameworks from cellular telephone base stations, e.g., Multiservice Distributed Access System (MDAS) and small cells, employ extensively integrated RF agile transceivers. The Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) is the collection of medical devices and applications that connect to healthcare IT systems through online computer networks. Medical devices equipped with Wi-Fi allow M2M communication, which is the backbone of IoMT and associated devices linked to cloud platforms containing stored data to be analyzed. Examples of IoMT include remote patient monitoring of people with chronic or long-term conditions, tracking patient medication orders and the location of patients admitted to hospitals, and patients' wearables to send info to caregivers. Infusion pumps connected to dashboards and hospital beds rigged with sensors measuring patients' vital signs are medical devices that can be converted to or deployed as IoMT technology.
Methods: This work proposes an SDR architecture to allow wireless High-Definition (HD) video broadcast for biomedical applications. This text examines a Wideband Wireless Video (WWV) signal chain implementation using the transceivers, the data transmitted volume, the matching occupied RF bandwidth, the communication distance, the transmitter’s power, and the implementation of the PHY layer as Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) with test results to evade RF interference.
Results: As the IoMT grows, the amount of possible IoMT uses increases. Many mobile devices employ Near Field Communication (NFC) Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags allowing them to share data with IT systems. RFID tags in medical equipment and supplies allow hospital staff can remain aware of the quantities they have in stock. The practice of using IoMT devices to observe patients in their homes remotely is also known as telemedicine. This kind of treatment spares patients from traveling to healthcare facilities whenever they have a medical question or change in their condition.
Conclusion: An SDR-based HD biomedical video transmission is proposed, with its benefits and disadvantages for biomedical WWV are discussed. The security of IoMT sensitive data is a developing concern for healthcare providers.
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Iqbal, Jawaid, Arif Iqbal Umar, Noorul Amin, and Abdul Waheed. "Efficient and secure attribute-based heterogeneous online/offline signcryption for body sensor networks based on blockchain." International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks 15, no. 9 (September 2019): 155014771987565. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1550147719875654.
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In body sensor networks, both wearable and implantable biosensors are deployed in a patient body to monitor and collect patient health record information. The health record information is then transmitted toward the medical server via a base station for analysis, diagnosis, and treatment by medical experts. Advancement in wireless technology although improves the patient health–monitoring mechanism, but still there are some limitations regarding security, privacy, and efficiency due to open wireless channel and limited resources of body sensor networks. To overcome these limitations, we have proposed an efficient and secure heterogeneous scheme for body sensor networks, in which biosensor nodes use a certificate-less cryptography environment to resolve the key escrow and certificate-management problems, while MS uses a public key infrastructure environment to enhance the scalability of the networks. Furthermore, we design an online/offline signcryption method to overcome the burden on biosensor nodes. We split the signcryption process into two phases: offline phase and online phase. In the offline phase, the major operations are computed without prior knowledge of patient data. While in online phase, the minor operations are computed when patient data are known. Besides, we have used a new hybrid blockchain technology approach for the secure transmission of patient information along with attributes stored in the medical server toward the cloud that provides ease of patient data access remotely from anywhere by the authorized users and data backup in case of medical server failure. Moreover, hybrid blockchain provides advantages of interoperability, transparency traceability, and universal access. The formal security analysis of the proposed scheme is proved in the standard model, and informal security assures that our scheme provides resistance against possible attacks. As compared to other existing schemes, our proposed scheme consumes fewer resources and efficient in terms of processing cost, transmission overhead, and energy consumption.
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Haque, Khandaker Foysal, K. Habibul Kabir, and Ahmed Abdelgawad. "Advancement of Routing Protocols and Applications of Underwater Wireless Sensor Network (UWSN)—A Survey." Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks 9, no. 2 (April 5, 2020): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jsan9020019.
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Water covers a greater part of the Earth’s surface. However, little knowledge has been achieved regarding the underwater world as most parts of it remain unexplored. Oceans, including other water bodies, hold substantial natural resources and also the aquatic lives. These are mostly undiscovered and unknown due to the unsuited and hazardous underwater environments for the human. This inspires the unmanned exploration of these dicey environments. Neither unmanned exploration nor the distant real-time monitoring is possible without deploying Underwater Wireless Sensor Network (UWSN). Consequently, UWSN has drawn the interests of the researchers recently. This vast underwater world is possible to be monitored remotely from a distant location with much ease and less risk. The UWSN is required to be deployed over the volume of the water body to monitor and surveil. For vast water bodies like oceans, rivers and large lakes, data is collected from the different heights/depths of the water level which is then delivered to the surface sinks. Unlike terrestrial communication and radio waves, conventional mediums do not serve the purpose of underwater communication due to their high attenuation and low underwater-transmission range. Instead, an acoustic medium is able to transmit data in underwater more efficiently and reliably in comparison to other mediums. To transmit and relay the data reliably from the bottom of the sea to the sinks at the surface, multi-hop communication is utilized with different schemes. For seabed to surface sink communication, leading researchers proposed different routing protocols. The goal of these routing protocols is to make underwater communications more reliable, energy-efficient and delay efficient. This paper surveys the advancement of some of the routing protocols which eventually helps in finding the most efficient routing protocol and some recent applications for the UWSN. This work also summarizes the remaining challenging issues and the future trends of those considered routing protocols. This survey encourages further research efforts to improve the routing protocols of UWSN for enhanced underwater monitoring and exploration.
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Krull, C. R., L. F. McMillan, R. M. Fewster, R. van der Ree, R. Pech, T. Dennis, and M. C. Stanley. "Testing the feasibility of wireless sensor networks and the use of radio signal strength indicator to track the movements of wild animals." Wildlife Research 45, no. 8 (2018): 659. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr18013.
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Context Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are revolutionising areas of animal behaviour research and are advantageous based on their ability to be deployed remotely and unobtrusively, for long time periods in inaccessible areas. Aims We aimed to determine the feasibility of using a WSN to track detailed movement paths of small animals, e.g. rats (Rattus spp.) 100–400g, too small for current GPS technology, by calibrating active Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags and loggers using Radio Frequency Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) as a proxy for distance. Active RFIDs are also called Wireless Identification (WID) tags. Methods Calibration tests were conducted using a grid of loggers (n=16) spaced at 45-m intervals in clear line-of-sight conditions. WID tags (n=16) were placed between the loggers at 45-m intervals. Eight ‘walks’ were also conducted through the grid using a single WID tag. This involved attaching the tag to a small bottle of water (to simulate the body of an animal), towed around the grid using a 1-m long tow line attached to a volunteer walker. The volunteer also held a GPS device that logged their track. Models were constructed to test the effects of distance, tag movement and individual differences in loggers and tags on the reliability of movement data. Key results Loggers were most successful at detecting tags at distances <50m. However, there was a significant difference in the detection probabilities of individual loggers and also the transmission performance of individual tags. Static tags were less likely to be detected than the mobile tag; and although RSSI was somewhat related to distance, the reliability of this parameter was highly variable. Implications We recommend caution in the future use of current radio frequency ID tags in wireless sensor networks to track the movement of small animals, and in the use of RSSI as an indicator of individual distance values, as extensive in situ calibration is required. ‘Off the shelf’ devices may vary in performance, rendering data unreliable. We emphasise the importance of calibrating all equipment in animal tracking studies to reduce data uncertainty and error.
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Ul Mehmood, Mussawir, Abasin Ulasyar, Waleed Ali, Kamran Zeb, Haris Sheh Zad, Waqar Uddin, and Hee-Je Kim. "A New Cloud-Based IoT Solution for Soiling Ratio Measurement of PV Systems Using Artificial Neural Network." Energies 16, no. 2 (January 16, 2023): 996. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16020996.
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Solar energy is considered the most abundant form of energy available on earth. However, the efficiency of photovoltaic (PV) panels is greatly reduced due to the accumulation of dust particles on the surface of PV panels. The optimization of the cleaning cycles of a PV power plant through condition monitoring of PV panels is crucial for its optimal performance. Specialized equipment and weather stations are deployed for large-scale PV plants to monitor the amount of soil accumulated on panel surface. However, not much focus is given to small- and medium-scale PV plants, where the costs associated with specialized weather stations cannot be justified. To overcome this hurdle, a cost-effective and scalable solution is required. Therefore, a new centralized cloud-based solar conversion recovery system (SCRS) is proposed in this research work. The proposed system utilizes the Internet of Things (IoT) and cloud-based centralized architecture, which allows users to remotely monitor the amount of soiling on PV panels, regardless of the scale. To improve scalability and cost-effectiveness, the proposed system uses low-cost sensors and an artificial neural network (ANN) to reduce the amount of hardware required for a soiling station. Multiple ANN models with different numbers of neurons in hidden layers were tested and compared to determine the most suitable model. The selected ANN model was trained using the data collected from an experimental setup. After training the ANN model, the mean squared error (MSE) value of 0.0117 was achieved. Additionally, the adjusted R-squared (R2) value of 0.905 was attained on the test data. Furthermore, data is transmitted from soiling station to the cloud server wirelessly using a message queuing telemetry transport (MQTT) lightweight communication protocol over Wi-Fi network. Therefore, SCRS depicts a complete wireless sensor network eliminating the need for extra wiring. The average percentage error in the soiling ratio estimation was found to be 4.33%.
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Lu, Bing, Miao Jin, Xiwen Chen, Wei Zhou, Gaoning Nie, and Quan Wang. "Rate Control Optimization Algorithm of Ubiquitous Power Sensor Network Tester Based on Multimedia." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2022 (February 12, 2022): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8034131.
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With more and more video application scenarios and increasing complexity, the popularization of multimedia information and the urgent need to update wireless sensor networks have led to the emergence and development of wireless multimedia sensor networks. This paper focuses on the rate control optimization algorithm of multimedia-based ubiquitous power sensor network, which is mainly studied from three aspects: constructing algorithm verification platform based on multimedia technology, performance analysis, and optimization of rate control optimization algorithm based on multimedia technology. An algorithm verification platform is established based on multimedia technology. This article uses a scalable video coding method to design a client-driven scalable video transmission system. The simulation results show that the algorithm can effectively improve the video quality. The algorithm of rate control based on multimedia technology is proposed. A reliable multipath routing algorithm based on AODV is proposed. Based on the energy balance algorithm, the node-independent routing mechanism and link quality estimation model are introduced. An independent and reliable active/standby communication link to the node of the destination node is established. Linux, the full name of GNU/Linux, is a free-to-use and freely disseminated Unix-like operating system. It is a POSIX-based multiuser, multitasking, multithreaded, and multi-CPU operating system. With the development of the Internet, Linux has gained support from software enthusiasts, organizations, and companies all over the world. In addition to maintaining a strong momentum of development in servers, it has made considerable progress in personal computers and embedded systems. Under the Linux platform, a large number of tests are performed and the performance of the control code rate is analyzed. The so-called sensor network is a distributed intelligent network system that is composed of a large number of small sensor nodes with wireless communication and computing capabilities deployed in the active area through a self-organizing method that can autonomously complete designated tasks according to the environment. The distance between the nodes of the sensor network is very short, and the multihop wireless communication method is generally used for communication. The sensor network can run in an independent environment, or it can be connected to the Internet through a gateway so that users can access it remotely. It is concluded that ABR is the most suitable rate control algorithm for video transmission. According to the CQP experiment results, the QP value set in the improved ABR algorithm is at most 40; the security from the construction of the ubiquitous power sensor network to the final monitoring data collection and upload process is verified by simulating the hypothesis attacks and faults. It is proved that the construction of ubiquitous power sensor network can reduce the energy consumption and delay of monitoring data collection and verify the superiority of constructing ubiquitous power sensor network.
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Lee, Hankeun, and Seokheun Choi. "A micro-sized bio-solar cell for self-sustaining power generation." Lab on a Chip 15, no. 2 (2015): 391–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4lc01069h.
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Bala, Tarun, Varsha Bhatia, Sunita Kumawat, and Vivek Jaglan. "A survey: issues and challenges in wireless sensor network." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.4 (March 10, 2018): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.4.10041.
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Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is powerful and economical key to monitoring and tracking problems. WSN is a perfect unification of sensing, computation and communications tasks. WSN nodes are deployed in both hostile and harsh environment. They lend valuable support for continuous, remote monitoring, and for healthcare applications. WSN nodes can be deployed easily in existing structures without any added infrastructure. In this work, an outline of wireless sensor networks, applications, challenges & issues involved in implementing them is presented.
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Lishman, Ben, Jemma Wadham, Bruce Drinkwater, J. Michael Kendall, Steve Burrow, Geoff Hilton, and Ian Craddock. "Assessing the utility of acoustic communication for wireless sensors deployed beneath ice sheets." Annals of Glaciology 54, no. 64 (2013): 124–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/2013aog64a022.
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Abstract The environments underneath ice sheets are of high scientific interest. Wireless sensors offer the prospect of sustained, distributed remote sensing in the subglacial environment. Typically, wireless sensor networks use radio-frequency (RF) electromagnetic communications, but these are highly attenuated in wet environments. In such environments, acoustic communications may be more power-efficient. Here we review the literature on acoustic and RF attenuation through ice and other relevant media, and present the results of new experiments on acoustic attenuation in glacial ice. Link budgets for communications from a range of subglacial environments show that acoustic communications are a viable strategy for transmission through water and ice where RF is too highly attenuated to be detected. Acoustic communication at 30 kHz is predicted to be possible through 1 km of glacial ice, using a 1 W transmitter. Such a strategy may be appropriate for shallow ice-stream environments around the Antarctic and Greenland ice sheet margins.
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Zhang, Wan Li, Zhen Bo Guo, Qiang Zhou, and Kai Xi Wang. "Design and Implementation of a Remote Monitor System on Potted Flowers." Applied Mechanics and Materials 738-739 (March 2015): 720–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.738-739.720.
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To meet the management requirement of potted flowers, a maneuverable and low-cost wireless monitoring system on the potted flower is designed in this paper. The system includes measuring module, data read and control module, remote wireless communication module and cloud storage module. The Arduino UNO platform is the core control module for this system, and the WiShield module is used as the wireless communication module. And, YL-69, GY-30 and SHT1x sensors constitute the data acquisition module. This system realized the acquisition of the air temperature and humidity, soil humidity and illumination, which were transmitted to the Yeelink platform to be saved or be used for online monitoring by the wireless communication module. This system is easy to be deployed, and has the features of low costs and good scalability.
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Tan, Ding Zhong, Nian Sheng Jing, and Fu Qiang Liu. "Research on Wireless Sensor Networks with Application." Advanced Materials Research 433-440 (January 2012): 4621–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.433-440.4621.
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Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) used for remote temperature monitoring is researched in this paper; the WSN is in multi-layered structure. The WSN node, the routing protocol which can choose the routing path adaptively, the data communication protocol and the data encryption technology for wireless transmission, WSN management and monitoring software are Researched and Realized. The WSN was deployed, tested, and running steadily, it proved that the protocol and node design are reasonable.
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Chen, Song, Dunge Liu, and Yubin Zhao. "Target Localization and Power Allocation Using Wireless Energy Harvesting Sensors." Electronics 10, no. 21 (October 24, 2021): 2592. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10212592.
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As radio-frequency (RF) based wireless energy harvesting technology can provide remote and continuous power to low-power devices, e.g., wireless sensors, it may be a substitute for batteries and extend the lifetime of the wireless sensor networks. In this paper, we propose a wireless energy harvesting localization system (WEHLoc), which contains batteryless wireless sensors as anchors and an energy access point (E-AP) to transfer power to the anchors. We consider a passive target localization scenario, in which the anchors monitor the target and send the sensed ranging data back to the E-AP. Additionally, we formulate the optimal estimation accuracy problem which is a 0–1 mixed-integer programming problem and relates to the energy beam, target transmitted power, and deployed anchor density. Then, we develop the power allocation scheme of the E-AP to solve the objective. In order to reduce the complexity, we propose a heuristic method that converts the maximum estimation accuracy problem into the energy efficiency problem and use linear programming to solve them. The simulations demonstrate that WEHLoc can be massively deployed in a wide area, and the estimation error and the power consumption are relatively low.
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Elkateeb, Ali. "Using Solar Units for Wireless Sensor Network Nodes Deployed at Remote Areas: Border Monitoring Application Example." IJARCCE 6, no. 4 (April 30, 2017): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.17148/ijarcce.2017.6401.
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Zeng, Feng, Yongzheng Ren, Xiaoheng Deng, and Wenjia Li. "Cost-Effective Edge Server Placement in Wireless Metropolitan Area Networks." Sensors 19, no. 1 (December 21, 2018): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19010032.
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Remote clouds are gradually unable to achieve ultra-low latency to meet the requirements of mobile users because of the intolerable long distance between remote clouds and mobile users and the network congestion caused by the tremendous number of users. Mobile edge computing, a new paradigm, has been proposed to mitigate aforementioned effects. Existing studies mostly assume the edge servers have been deployed properly and they just pay attention to how to minimize the delay between edge servers and mobile users. In this paper, considering the practical environment, we investigate how to deploy edge servers effectively and economically in wireless metropolitan area networks. Thus, we address the problem of minimizing the number of edge servers while ensuring some QoS requirements. Aiming at more consistence with a generalized condition, we extend the definition of the dominating set, and transform the addressed problem into the minimum dominating set problem in graph theory. In addition, two conditions are considered for the capacities of edge servers: one is that the capacities of edge servers can be configured on demand, and the other is that all the edge servers have the same capacities. For the on-demand condition, a greedy based algorithm is proposed to find the solution, and the key idea is to iteratively choose nodes that can connect as many other nodes as possible under the delay, degree and cluster size constraints. Furthermore, a simulated annealing based approach is given for global optimization. For the second condition, a greedy based algorithm is also proposed to satisfy the capacity constraint of edge servers and minimize the number of edge servers simultaneously. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithms are feasible.
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Singh, Mandeep, Navjyot Kaur, Amandeep Kaur, and Gaurav Pushkarna. "A Comparative Evaluation of Mining Techniques to Detect Malicious Node in Wireless Sensor Networks." International Journal of Cyber Warfare and Terrorism 7, no. 2 (April 2017): 42–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijcwt.2017040103.
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Wireless sensor networks have gained attention over the last few years and have significant applications for example remote supervising and target watching. They can communicate with each other though wireless interface and configure a network. Wireless sensor networks are often deployed in an unfriendly location and most of time it works without human management; individual node may possibly be compromised by the adversary due to some constraints. In this manner, the security of a wireless sensor network is critical. This work will focus on evaluation of mining techniques that can be used to find malicious nodes. The detection mechanisms provide the accuracy of the classification using different algorithm to detect the malicious node. Pragmatically the detection accuracy of J48 is 99.17%, Random Forest is 80.83%, NF Tree is 81.67% and BF Tree is 72.33%. J48 have very high detection accuracy as compared with BF Tree, NF Tree Random Forest.
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Wang, Xiaodong, Wei Xie, Xiangyang Song, Tao Wan, and Aijun Liu. "Grassland Ecological Protection Monitoring and Management Application Based on ZigBee Wireless Sensor Network." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2022 (April 8, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2623183.
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Grassland plays a key role in human production and life, especially in the protection and improvement of the natural environment, which cannot be replaced by other ecosystems, such as maintaining water and soil, preventing wind and sand fixation, maintaining carbon balance, affecting climate change, and producing biological products,.. More importantly, contemporary society attaches great importance to the development of agriculture and animal husbandry. Protecting and nurturing grassland plants and animals, maintaining biodiversity, rational grazing, and maintaining the sustainable development of the grassland ecological environment have become the top priorities. In view of the current serious grassland degradation and the decline of livestock carrying capacity, this paper proposes a grassland environmental monitoring system based on the ZigBee wireless sensor network. The system consists of a grassland wireless monitoring network and a remote PC, which realizes real-time and remote monitoring of environmental information, such as air temperature and humidity, light intensity, and rainfall that affect the growth of grassland pastures. Based on the requirements of the agricultural field data monitoring system, the overall framework of the system was designed and built. The system mainly includes two parts: the ZigBee wireless sensor network subsystem and the remote management software subsystem, and data communication is realized between the two through the Ethernet system data exchange protocol. Among them, the ZigBee wireless sensor network subsystem is deployed in the grassland area and mainly realizes the functions of real-time collection, processing, and wireless transmission of grassland data. The remote management software subsystem is mainly used for data reception, storage, and display and can maintain communication with the gateway node to support real-time monitoring of grassland data by remote browsers.
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Jin, Li Ming. "Analysis of Energy Efficiency of Cooperative Communication in Wireless Sensor Networks." Applied Mechanics and Materials 687-691 (November 2014): 3791–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.687-691.3791.
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Wireless sensor network (WSNs) is composed of a large number of cheap micro sensor nodes with wireless communication and computing capabilities, which will deploy in unattended monitoring area through the cooperation of autonomous monitoring tasks assigned, and sending the information of monitoring object collection to intelligent monitoring network system for remote users.
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Liu, Kaikai, Nagthej Manangi Ravindrarao, Abhishek Gurudutt, Tejeshwar Kamaal, Chinmayi Divakara, and Praveen Prabhakaran. "Software-Defined Edge Cloud Framework for Resilient Multitenant Applications." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2019 (January 1, 2019): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3947286.
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Edge application’s distributed nature presents significant challenges for developers in orchestrating and managing the multitenant applications. In this paper, we propose a practical edge cloud software framework for deploying multitenant distributed smart applications. Here we exploit commodity, a low cost embedded board to form distributed edge clusters. The cluster of geo-distributed and wireless edge nodes not only power multitenant IoT applications that are closer to the data source and the user, but also enable developers to remotely deploy and orchestrate application containers over the cloud. Specifically, we propose building a software platform to manage the distributed edge nodes along with support services to deploy and launch isolated and multitenant user applications through a lightweight container. In particular, we propose an architectural solution to improve the resilience of edge cloud services through peer collaborated service migration when the failures happen or when resources are overburdened. We focus on giving the developers a single point control of the infrastructure over the intermittent and lossy wide area networks (WANs) and enabling the remote deployment of multitenant applications.
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Huang, Yimeng, Longzhi Yuan, and Wei Gong. "Research on IEEE 802.11 OFDM Packet Detection Algorithms for Household Wireless Sensor Communication." Applied Sciences 12, no. 14 (July 18, 2022): 7232. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12147232.
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Millions of smart home devices equipped with wireless sensors have gradually entered people’s homes and improved the quality of life. Wireless communication with sensors is crucial for remote automatic control of smart devices. Packet detection is one of the key technologies in wireless communication systems and faces the challenges of detection accuracy and power consumption. In households, WiFi devices are widely deployed. Therefore, we focus on IEEE 802.11 OFDM packet detection algorithms for household wireless sensor communication. We first introduce four packet detection algorithms and verify their feasibility by simulation experiments. Then, we identify two important factors that affect detection accuracy and provide suggestions for algorithm improvement. Further, we compare and discuss the performance of the four algorithms from three dimensions in detail. The results show that each algorithm has its own advantages, and the auto-correlation algorithm has the best overall performance. Finally, we point out the open challenges and future research directions in this field.
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Dinis, Hugo, João Rocha, Tiago Matos, Luís M. Gonçalves, and Marcos Martins. "The Challenge of Long-Distance Over-the-Air Wireless Links in the Ocean: A Survey on Water-to-Water and Water-to-Land MIoT Communication." Applied Sciences 12, no. 13 (June 24, 2022): 6439. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12136439.
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Robust wireless communication networks are a cornerstone of the modern world, allowing data to be transferred quickly and reliably. Establishing such a network at sea, a Maritime Internet of Things (MIoT), would enhance services related to safety and security at sea, environmental protection, and research. However, given the remote and harsh nature of the sea, installing robust wireless communication networks with adequate data rates and low cost is a difficult endeavor. This paper reviews recent MIoT systems developed and deployed by researchers and engineers over the past few years. It contains an analysis of short-range and long-range over-the-air radio-frequency wireless communication protocols and the synergy between these two in the pursuit of an MIoT. The goal of this paper is to serve as a go-to guide for engineers and researchers that need to implement a wireless sensor network at sea. The selection criterion for the papers included in this review was that the implemented wireless communication networks were tested in a real-world scenario.
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Das, Poves, Fakidis, Sparks, Videv, and Haas. "Towards Energy Neutral Wireless Communications: Photovoltaic Cells to Connect Remote Areas." Energies 12, no. 19 (October 3, 2019): 3772. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12193772.
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In this work, we have designed, developed and deployed the world’s first optical wireless communication (OWC) system using off-the-shelf lasers and solar photovoltaics. Four bidirectional OWC prototypes have been installed on the Orkney Islands of Scotland at a 30 m link distance for the provision of high-speed internet access to two residential properties. The silicon-made solar panels can harvest power up to 5 W from sunlight and they offer data rates as high as 8 Mb/s. Using additional analogue processing, data rates higher than the existing landline broadband connection are achieved. This breakthrough opens the development path to low cost, self-powered and plug-and-play free-space optical (FSO) systems.
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Shahzad, Aamir, Hongseok Chae, Malrey Lee, Hyangran Lee, and Gisung Jeong. "A Way to Access SCADA System via Satellite Channel and its relevant Security Trends." International Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics & Computer Science 2 (June 4, 2022): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.37394/232028.2022.2.1.
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SCADA systems have been playing important roles for industrial automation and processing, as the results the productions can be produced in minimal time with more efficiency and profitability. Mainly, the whole industrial production is carried through various connected sensors or field devices, which may configured in local area network (LAN)/Wide area network (WAN). In previous two decades, wireless based communication gained popularity and the SCADA industries (such as oil, gas and water) also accepted and deployed their production through the use of wireless media. To be more advanced, the SCADA systems are also required to access the remote networked devices that may located at various places in the World over wireless links, thus the best solution is satellite communication. Satellite transmission will provide an easy, faster and efficient access to, monitor and control the geographical networked remote devices from the central location or central station, which also a main goal of this study. This study proposes a satellite based communication facility for SCADA water station, moreover security issues that mainly linked with satellite transmission are also considered and relevant protection mechanisms are suggested.
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Prauzek, Michal, Jaromir Konecny, Monika Borova, Karolina Janosova, Jakub Hlavica, and Petr Musilek. "Energy Harvesting Sources, Storage Devices and System Topologies for Environmental Wireless Sensor Networks: A Review." Sensors 18, no. 8 (July 27, 2018): 2446. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18082446.
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The operational efficiency of remote environmental wireless sensor networks (EWSNs) has improved tremendously with the advent of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies over the past few years. EWSNs require elaborate device composition and advanced control to attain long-term operation with minimal maintenance. This article is focused on power supplies that provide energy to run the wireless sensor nodes in environmental applications. In this context, EWSNs have two distinct features that set them apart from monitoring systems in other application domains. They are often deployed in remote areas, preventing the use of mains power and precluding regular visits to exchange batteries. At the same time, their surroundings usually provide opportunities to harvest ambient energy and use it to (partially) power the sensor nodes. This review provides a comprehensive account of energy harvesting sources, energy storage devices, and corresponding topologies of energy harvesting systems, focusing on studies published within the last 10 years. Current trends and future directions in these areas are also covered.
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Li, Jinfeng, Shun Cao, Jia-xin Duan, Peng-cheng Gao, and Yong Hou. "A Novel Remote Monitoring and Control System Based on GSM for Home Security." International Journal of Online Engineering (iJOE) 11, no. 4 (August 5, 2015): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijoe.v11i4.4647.
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A powerful and cost effective home security system based on GSM communication network and wireless communication module CC1100 is proposed for anti-theft, fireproofing, waterproofing, anti-gas leak and remote appliance control. The system uses STC89C516 microcontroller as the core and real-timely detects the home environment through a variety of sensors. The dual detections are utilized to reduce the false alarm rate and enhance system reliability and interference immunity. The wireless data transmission is adopted between the main controller and sensor nodes, which does not require a lot of wiring. The bidirection communication between the main controller and the mobile terminal is realized by the GSM networks. Once detecting suspicious activities, the system sends an alarm message to the host’s mobile phone. The user can remotely query the home security status and control the home appliance by the GSM module. The communication is assured within the GSM coverage area, and the distance is unlimited. The GSM short message alarm overcomes the hidden troubles of vulnerable damage and no alarm when calling in the fixed telephone dialing. The interaction interface is optimized. The user can modify the passwords, change the target phone number, alter the upper and lower limits of alarm, query the alarm recording and deploy/cancel defense via the LCD and keyboard. The buttons are installed for help in case of emergencies. The test results show that the system can real-timely monitor and remotely query the home environment, control the appliances and initiatively send alarm messages in case of accidents. The system possesses full function, high reliability, low false alarm rate, strong expansion, friendly user interface and low cost. The application space is very broad.
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Mr. Ather Parvez Abdul Khalil. "Healthcare System through Wireless Body Area Networks (WBAN) using Telosb Motes." International Journal of New Practices in Management and Engineering 1, no. 02 (June 30, 2012): 01–07. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/ijnpme.v1i02.4.
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Due to the increased demand for an effective communication technology in the health care sector, a wireless network is needed that effectively monitors the patient’s vital sign and send reports concurrently to the remote system. This increases the comfort level of monitoring the patients continuously. The main idea of this article work is to build up a WBAN that endlessly monitors human healthiness parameters and reports information to the nearby PC/sinks. The small wearable devices which is memory efficient, energy efficient, less computational complexity are deployed on the patient to be monitored. They self-configure to endlessly monitor critical signs such as heart beat, core temperature etc. The energy efficiency and transmission delay is analyzed by using Cooja simulator. Finally the design is implemented in the Telosb wireless sensor motes.
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Mafuta, Million, Peter Dauenhauer, and Timothy Chadza. "Small Scale Rollout of PV Systems in Chikwawa District, Malawi: Remote Monitoring System Effectiveness." Journal of Solar Energy 2017 (March 19, 2017): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/9583860.
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Off-grid solar photovoltaic systems in Malawi are deployed increasingly as the primary option for rural public infrastructure such as primary schools and health centres. Overall, grid-connected electricity access has remained stagnant at around 9% with only 1% of rural population connected. To improve the technical sustainability of such systems, a novel remote monitoring technology utilising Wireless Sensor Networks was installed and the systems were monitored over roughly one year. This paper has described the technical design, performance, and benefits received from deployment of the technology. Furthermore, it has evaluated the cost implications for a larger scale rollout and potential benefits.
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Liu, Yuyan, and Haoran Mei. "A Study on IRS-assisted Communications: Problems, Challenges, and Solutions." Journal of Networking and Network Applications 2, no. 4 (2022): 136–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.33969/j-nana.2022.020401.
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This paper studies the Intelligent reflecting surface (IRS)-based communications, including the fixed and UAV-mounted IRSs. IRSs can be deployed in locations that are difficult to receive or transmit signals due to obstacles or remote areas by passively reflecting the signals received from base stations (BSs). The IRSs can reflect signals in the designed way to enhance the transmitted signal or enable line-of-sight (LOS) communications. They can be fixed on the side of high buildings to reflect signals or mounted on the UAVs to provide temporary wireless communications in the remote areas. This paper conducts an overview on IRS-based communications including the existing problems, challenges, and possible solutions.
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Sharma, Himanshu, Ahteshamul Haque, and Frede Blaabjerg. "Machine Learning in Wireless Sensor Networks for Smart Cities: A Survey." Electronics 10, no. 9 (April 23, 2021): 1012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10091012.
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Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) techniques have huge potential to efficiently manage the automated operation of the internet of things (IoT) nodes deployed in smart cities. In smart cities, the major IoT applications are smart traffic monitoring, smart waste management, smart buildings and patient healthcare monitoring. The small size IoT nodes based on low power Bluetooth (IEEE 802.15.1) standard and wireless sensor networks (WSN) (IEEE 802.15.4) standard are generally used for transmission of data to a remote location using gateways. The WSN based IoT (WSN-IoT) design problems include network coverage and connectivity issues, energy consumption, bandwidth requirement, network lifetime maximization, communication protocols and state of the art infrastructure. In this paper, the authors propose machine learning methods as an optimization tool for regular WSN-IoT nodes deployed in smart city applications. As per the author’s knowledge, this is the first in-depth literature survey of all ML techniques in the field of low power consumption WSN-IoT for smart cities. The results of this unique survey article show that the supervised learning algorithms have been most widely used (61%) as compared to reinforcement learning (27%) and unsupervised learning (12%) for smart city applications.
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Jain, Priyanka. "Improved Energy and Communication for Underwater Wireless Sensor Network Based Location Estimation." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 11 (November 30, 2021): 998–1004. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.38401.
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Abstract: The area of underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) is garnering an increasing attention from researchers due to its broad potential for exploring and harnessing oceanic sources of interest. Because of the need for real-time remote data monitoring, underwater acoustic sensor networks (UASNs) have become a popular choice. The restricted availability and nonrechargeability of energy resources, as well as the relative inaccessibility of deployed sensor nodes for energy replenishment, forced the development of many energy optimization approaches un the UASN. Clustering is an example of a technology that improves system scalability while also lowering energy consumption. Due to the unstable underwater environment, coverage and connectivity are two important features that determine the proper detection and communication of events of interest in UWSN. A sensor network consists of several nodes that are low in cost and have a battery with low capacity. In wireless sensor networks, knowing the position of a specific device in the network is a critical challenge. Many wireless systems require location information from mobile nodes. Keywords: MAC, Communication cost, IDV-Hop algorithm, Localization, Ranging error, unconstrained optimization, Wireless sensor network, Distributed Least Square
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Celaya-Echarri, Mikel, Leyre Azpilicueta, Peio Lopez-Iturri, Imanol Picallo, Erik Aguirre, Jose Javier Astrain, Jesús Villadangos, and Francisco Falcone. "Radio Wave Propagation and WSN Deployment in Complex Utility Tunnel Environments." Sensors 20, no. 23 (November 24, 2020): 6710. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20236710.
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The significant growth of wireless communications systems in the last years has led to the adoption of a wide range of applications not only for the general public but, also, including utilities and administrative authorities. In this context, the notable expansion of new services for smart cities requires, in some specific cases, the construction of underground tunnels in order to enable the maintenance and operation works of utilities, as well as to reduce the visual impact within the city center. One of the main challenges is that, inherently, underground service tunnels lack coverage from exterior wireless communication systems, which can be potentially dangerous for maintenance personnel working within the tunnels. Accordingly, wireless coverage should be deployed within the underground installation in order to guarantee real-time connectivity for safety maintenance, remote surveillance or monitoring operations. In this work, wireless channel characterization for complex urban tunnel environments was analyzed based on the assessment of LoRaWAN and ZigBee technologies operating at 868 MHz. For that purpose, a real urban utility tunnel was modeled and simulated by means of an in-house three-dimensional ray-launching (3D-RL) code. The utility tunnel scenario is a complex and singular environment in terms of radio wave propagation due to the limited dimensions and metallic elements within it, such as service trays, user pathways or handrails, which were considered in the simulations. The simulated 3D-RL algorithm was calibrated and verified with experimental measurements, after which, the simulation and measurement results showed good agreement. Besides, a complete wireless sensor network (WSN) deployment within the tunnels was presented, providing remote cloud data access applications and services, allowing infrastructure security and safety work conditions. The obtained results provided an adequate radio planning approach for the deployment of wireless systems in complex urban utility scenarios, with optimal coverage and enhanced quality of service.
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Shi, Li Juan, Xiu Xia Yu, Jian Zhao, and Qin Sheng Du. "Study on Facilities Agriculture Remote Monitor and Control System Based on Tri-Networks Convergence." Advanced Materials Research 1073-1076 (December 2014): 1875–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1073-1076.1875.
Full textAbstract:
Facility agriculture environment monitoring system of the existing main adopts the wired communication technology, such as serial bus technology and field bus technology for communication. This system has the advantages of good interoperability, strong anti-interference ability, but the poor stability, low reliability, difficult to deploy, installation and maintenance costs high, which greatly limits its application in the design of facilities agriculture field. Three nets fusion refers to the 3G, RFID and Internet combination. In this paper, the 3G network, wireless radio frequency technology and Internet technology combining, in order to solve the above problems, the use of 3G network and the Internet to a large amount of data real-time remote transmission, using radio frequency network RFID technology through the short distance wireless data transmission terminal sensors to collect information, these information in time through the3G network and the Internet are transmitted to the the remote controller. The remote controller sends according to terminal sensor control information, through the 3G network and the Internet will control information is transmitted to the radio frequency network, wireless RF network through wireless communication control information is transmitted to the terminal controller, the final completion of the remote monitoring and control of agricultural facilities. The experimental results show that, the system can meet the real-time and can perform remote transmission for large data, provide the technical basis of visual audio data monitoring information transmission for agricultural facilities.