Academic literature on the topic 'Religious Trauma Syndrome'

This research was conducted to assess the posttraumatic growth (PTG) experienced by the healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose was to observe whether religious beliefs predicted PTG during a pandemic and the mediating role of work motivation for the relationship between religious beliefs and PTG in the healthcare workers. It was also investigated if the risk perception regarding the virus had any implicating effects on the relationship of religious beliefs and posttraumatic growth. The sample (N=97) consisted of resident doctors (n=56), physicians (n=23), surgeons (n=03) and a nurse (n=01); which was comprised of both men (n=52) and women (n=45). The Religious Belief Scale (RBS), Work Intrinsic Extrinsic Motivation Scale (WEIMS), and Posttraumatic Growth Inventory-Short Form (PTGI-SF) were employed to collect data. The Perception of Risk was measured through items that had been previously used to assess the risk perception of healthcare workers during Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) epidemic. The responses from participants was collected through both online and in person. The Pearson Product Moment Correlation was used to assess the significance of relationships while Hierarchal Regression was used to assess the role of religious beliefs of healthcare workers. Moreover, PROCESS macro was used to evaluate the presence of mediation and moderation. The results revealed that religious beliefs and self-regulated motivation were significant predictors of PTG while self-regulated motivation also mediated the direct relationship between religious beliefs and PTG. Investigation of possible factors that bring about growth after experiencing trauma is an essential need of these turbulent times.

Introduction: Brown-Séquard syndrome (BSS) is a rare neurological condition characterized by hemiplegia and hemianesthesia. It occurs as the sequelae to a hemi-transection of the spinal cord, and constitutes an incomplete spinal cord injury. We report a case of presumed BSS that resulted from a stab wound to the thoracic spine. Case Report: A 64-year-old male presented to Howard University Hospital with complaints of back pain and loss of left lower extremity motor function. Neurological examination revealed weakness in the L2 through S1 nerve root distributions in the left lower extremity and hypoesthesia along the L2 through S1 dermatomal distributions in the right lower extremity. Imaging disclosed a foreign body extending from the muscle layer through the T6–T7 disc space. The patient was treated operatively with removal of a knife blade; the handle of which had been broken off at the surface of the skin. Post-operatively, prior to his discharge to an acute rehabilitation center, the patient’s motor symptoms improved while his sensory symptoms worsened. He was lost to follow-up for approximately six months and returned with a debilitating spastic paraparesis. Conclusion: The presenting symptoms of BSS are not always uniform, and thus may constitute a Brown-Séquard plus syndrome (BSPS). Surgical intervention is rare; however, it may occasionally be necessary in the setting of penetrating trauma. Long-term functional recovery for BSS as documented in the literature is variable. With aggressive physical therapy and rehabilitation, a good outcome is attainable. The functional outcome of BSPS, however, may not be as favorable.

Background: An earthquake has an impact on mental health problems. Lombok earthquake victims undergo an anxiety, neurotic, psychotic symptoms, and Post Traumatic Syndrome Disease. Anxiety have an impact on the mind, body and it cause of physical illness. One of the nursing interventions that can be given to deal with anxiety includes spiritual counseling, which is given so that disaster victims accept their conditions, it is not making disaster a burden and reducing anxiety.Purpose: To determine the effect of Spiritual counseling on anxiety level in (Lombok) Indonesian earthquake victims.Methods: Quantitative study with a pre-experimental approach using one group pre-post-test design on 25 earthquake victims in Lombok. The instrument was used the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale questionnaire and the standard operational procedures for spiritual counseling. Data were analyzed using univariate analysis and t dependent test.Results: The anxiety score before spiritual counseling was 19.60 ± 3.26, while the anxiety score after spiritual counseling was 10.04 ± 4.13. Statistical tests showed a significant difference between anxiety levels before and after spiritual counseling for earthquake victims in Lombok (p <0.05).Conclusion: Earthquake victims in order to improve their spiritual quality by joining religious activities routinely to calm the mind and reduce anxiety or trauma, it is caused by earthquakes.

In this paper, we will present a study into the dynamics of the transmission of emotional traumatic in three families of victims of World War II and post-war communist oppression. This study is taken from a broader research project in which we investigated the experiences of nonclinical families that managed to survive through three generation, and in which post-traumatic growth is present, i. e. the ability to integrate traumatic experiences and provide greater security for future generations. The main focus will be on how emotional content is transmitted and transformed through generations and how to recognise it in various forms of behaviour, thinking and emotions, that appear in each of the generations. As we follow the transformation of traumatic content, we will also follow the the signs that show how traumatic content has integrated and begun to bring new, deeper emotional and mental insights. The emotional depth of the traumatic experience is what burdens the victim the most and slows down the dynamics of trauma processing. It appears in the form of symptoms of post-traumatic stress syndrome, insecurity and mistrust. This is found even in victims who have articulated the trauma sufficiently to rise above intimidation, managed to develop emotionally strong and connecting interpersonal relationships, maintain faith in the future, and form a coherent narrative of their traumatic past. The most interesting result of the research was that all three families, regardless of their diversity, are similar in term of processing the trauma. They were all able to speak openly about their traumatic experiences. In all three families there there was a great deal of discussion and searching for the social framework and personal truth of historical events, and the desire to present and describe the events that left such deep wounds in such a way that they would be clear, reworked and accessible to future generations as a document of the reality of some tragic and difficult times. Another source of trauma processing was religious faith, which allowed all the participants in this study to look at trauma and life more deeply, through relationships and connections between people and through a deeper understanding of human history embedded in a broader and deeper spiritual flow. Faith helped these families to find the courage to make decisions, to face life’s challenges, and to endure even the most severe of life's trials. A third source that facilitates the processing and integration of a traumatic experience is secure interpersonal relationships and compassionate parenting. Despite the fact that the whole question of parenting was demanding and full of challenges for our interviewees, the quality of parenting has been improved from generation to generation, and sincere affection for children and gratitude for children were present everywhere. The ability to follow the new generation and its initiatives while maintaining a connection to its roots is a dynamic that characterises all three families. There is also a lot of thinking and conscious effort in establishing and maintaining good marital relationships in these families. For the recovery from trauma this study shows the importance of talking about it and also talking about it in a safe relationship until it takes a form that is genuine and at the same time clear, coherent and thus suitable for the general public. That’s when the traumatic story ceases to be traumatizing and becomes a story of courage, perseverance, and truth.

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has triggered many lifestyle changes and caused serious social issues such as economic disruption, restriction of social and religious activities, and an increase in anxiety and conflict. This study first elaborates the pre-pandemic status of Korean religions and the Korean government’s response to the COVID-19 outbreak. Second, the study examines the debates regarding the role of religion at the initial stage of the COVID-19 outbreak, as some members of religious denominations such as Shinchonji Church of Jesus and some Protestant churches led by Pastor Chŏn’s Love First Church (K. Sarangjeil) significantly contributed to its spread through their religious services and gatherings. In this regard, this study examines how the media portrayed religion in this period. When the Korean government implemented strong distance and prohibition policies for social and religious gatherings, the issue of religious freedom became a serious social issue, driving the public to think about the social role of religions when it comes to public health. Without a doubt, the COVID-19 pandemic impacted Korean society and religions, producing some negative symptoms such as the corona-blue syndrome. In this context, this study examines the role of religion in public health. The role of religion in Korea may need to change. Given that most religions in Korea such as Buddhism, Catholicism, and Won-Buddhism have actively cooperated with the government policy to overcome COVID-19, these religions can help heal the post-pandemic traumas and suffering from the ensuing natural or social disasters.

First responders (e.g., fire fighters, law enforcement, paramedics, corrections officers) are at disproportionately high risk of experiencing posttraumatic stress and engaging in substance misuse. Spirituality is a potential source of resilience and recovery in the context of trauma and substance misuse; however, evidence-based clinical protocols integrating spirituality into group psychotherapy with first responders are rare. This article describes the adaptation of an existing and previously examined spiritually integrated group psychotherapy clinical protocol to address substance misuse among first responders with posttraumatic stress. This brief (90-min) and stand-alone group psychotherapy intervention includes (a) psychoeducation about the co-occurrence of trauma syndromes and substance misuse among first responders, (b) discussion of the relevance of spirituality to both posttraumatic stress and substance misuse, and (c) the integration of spiritual beliefs and behaviors to cope with symptoms related to trauma exposures and substance misuse. We discuss relevant clinical theory behind the development of this intervention as well as the potential clinical application of this protocol.

The article represents the attempt to read N. Zborovska’s anti-novel «The Ukrainian Reconquista» (2003) as a model of Ukrainian mystical postmodernism with its emphasis on the state of the Other, a higher reality known as the realm of the unspeakable. The study pays special attention to the specifics of the communicative model «I am the Other», its mystical and religious nature in the individual author’s interpretation. Within the «Self / Other» model, the issue of the drama of self-disclosure of the individual and the nation as well, the problem of self-affirmation are considered. The theoretical basis of the article is the idea of «compensatory insight» which is considered to be the position of the problem of the Other in the studies of Mykhailo Murashkin, as well as the philosophy of alternation of Emmanuel Levinas, Jacques Lacan, Gilles Deleuze, Jacques Derrida, Lisa Ortiz, whom the Ukrainian researcher refers to. In this way, such states of the Other as esoteric practices of molfars, dreams, phantom, dance (flamenco / baile) have been carefully studied. From the standpoint of alternation, the phenomenon of rehabilitation of female sensuality is emphasized («writing through the body»). Text therapy as a derivative of the phase of «compensatory insight» and the genre of «total novel» produced by it («The Ukrainian Reconquista» is actually the sketch of this genre) are gaining significance as the only effective way to overcome a number of national phobias, postcolonial traumas, including victim syndrome. The article also actualizes the mysticism of the female-male, thus testifying to the relativity of the coordinates «I / Other», and, as a result, the ambiguity, the complexity of solving the problem of alternation in the postmodern discourse. The analysis of «The Ukrainian Reconquista» in this light allows to conclude that the anti-novel of N. Zborovska through the transformation of the ritual and mystical plan of otherness represents an attempt at intra-subjective and culturological «restoration».

<p><strong>List of abstracts and authors:</strong></p><p><strong>1. Bipolar disorder not otherwise specified -overdiagnosed or underdiagnosed?</strong></p><p>E Allers</p><p><strong>2. The prognosis of major depression untreated and treated: Does the data reflect the true picture of the prognosis of this very common disorder?</strong></p><p>E Allers</p><p><strong>3. Can we prolong our patients' life expectancy? Providing a better quality of life for patients with severe mental illness</strong></p><p>O A Betencourt</p><p><strong>4. The scope of ECT practice in South Africa</strong></p><p>J Benson-Martin, P Milligan</p><p><strong>5. Biomarkers for schizophrenia: Can we evolve like cancer therapeutics?</strong></p><p>P Buckley<strong></strong></p><p><strong>6. Relapse in schizophrenis: Major challenges in prediction and prevention</strong></p><p>P Buckley</p><p><strong>7. Informed consent in biological treatments: The right to know the duty to inform</strong></p><p><strong></strong>I Chetty</p><p><strong>8. Effectiveness of a long-acting injectable antipsychotic plus an assertive monitoring programme in first-episode schizophrenia</strong></p><p><strong></strong>B Chiliza, L Asmal, O Esan, A Ojagbemi, O Gureje, R Emsley</p><p><strong>9. Name, shame, fame</strong></p><p>P Cilliers</p><p><strong>10. Can we manage the increasing incidence of violent raging children? We have to!</strong></p><p>H Clark</p><p><strong>11. Serotonin, depression and antidepressant action</strong></p><p>P Cowen</p><p><strong>12. Prevalence and correlates of comorbid psychiatris illness in patients with heroin use disorder admitted to Stikland Opioid Detoxification Unit</strong></p><p>L Dannatt, K J Cloete, M Kidd, L Weich</p><p><strong>13. Investigating the association between diabetes mellitus, depression and psychological distress in a cohort of South African teachers</strong></p><p>A K Domingo, S Seedat, T M Esterhuizen, C Laurence, J Volmink, L Asmal</p><p><strong>14. Neuropeptide S -emerging evidence for a role in anxiety</strong></p><p>K Domschke</p><p><strong>15. Pathogenetics of anxiety</strong></p><p>K Domschke</p><p><strong>16. The effects of HIV on the fronto-striatal system</strong></p><p>S du Plessis, M Vink, J Joska, E Koutsilieri, C Scheller, B Spottiswoode, D Stein, R Emsley</p><p><strong>17. Effects of acute antipsychotic treatment on brain morphology in schizophrenia</strong></p><p>R Emsley, L Asmal, B Chiliza, S du Plessis, J Carr, A Goosen, M Kidd, M Vink, R Kahn</p><p><strong>18. Development of a genetic database resource for monitoring of breast cancer patients at risk of physical and psychological complications</strong></p><p>K Grant, F J Cronje, K Botha, J P Apffelstaedt, M J Kotze</p><p><strong>19. Unipolar mania reconsidered: Evidence from a South African study</strong></p><p><strong></strong>C Grobler</p><p><strong>20. Antipsychotic-induced movement disorders: Occurence and management</strong></p><p>P Haddad</p><p><strong>21. The place of observational studies in assessing the effectiveness of long-acting injectable antipsychotics</strong></p><p>P Haddad</p><p><strong>22. Molecular mechanisms of d-cycloserine in fear extinction: Insights from RNS sequencing</strong></p><p>S Hemmings, S Malan-Muller, L Fairbairn, M Jalali, E J Oakeley, J Gamieldien, M Kidd, S Seedat</p><p><strong>23. Schizophrenia: The role of inflammation</strong></p><p>DC Henderson</p><p><strong>24. Addictions: Emergent trends and innovations</strong></p><p>V Hitzeroth</p><p><strong>25. The socio-cultural-religious context of biological psychiatric practice</strong></p><p>B Janse van Rensburg</p><p><strong>26. Biochemical markers for identifying risk factors for disability progression in multiple sclerosis</strong></p><p><strong></strong>S Janse van Rensburg, M J Kotze, F J Cronje, W Davis, K Moremi, M Jalali Sefid Dashti, J Gamieldien, D Geiger, M Rensburg, R van Toorn, M J de Klerk, G M Hon, T Matsha, S Hassan, R T Erasmus</p><p><strong>27. Alcohol-induced psychotic disorder: Brain perfusion and psychopathology - before and after antipsychotic treatment</strong></p><p>G Jordaan, J M Warwick, D G Nel, R Hewlett, R Emsley</p><p><strong>28.'Pump and dump': Harm reduction strategies for breastfeeding while using substances</strong></p><p>L Kramer</p><p><strong>29. Adolescent neuropsychiatry - an emerging field in South African adolescent psychiatric services</strong></p><p>A Lachman</p><p><strong>30. Recovery versus remission, or what it means to be healthy for a psychiatric patient?</strong></p><p>B Latecki</p><p><strong>31. Holistic methods utilised to normalise behaviours in youth diagnosed with neuro-biochemical disorders</strong></p><p>P Macqueen</p><p><strong>32. Candidate genes and novel polymorphisms for anxiety disorder in a South African cohort</strong></p><p>N McGregor, J Dimatelis, S M J Hemmings, C J Kinnear, D Stein, V Russel, C Lochner</p><p><strong>33. Higher visual functioning</strong></p><p>A Moodley</p><p><strong>34. The effects of prenatal methylmercury exposure on trace element and antioxidant levels in rat offspring following 6-hydroxydopamine-induced neuronal insult</strong></p><p>Z M Moosa, W M U Daniels, M V Mabandla</p><p><strong>35. Paediatric neuropsychiatric movement disorders</strong></p><p>L Mubaiwa</p><p><strong>36. The South African national female offenders study</strong></p><p>M Nagdee, L Artz, C de Clercq, P de Wet, H Erlacher, S Kaliski, C Kotze, L Kowalski, J Naidoo, S Naidoo, J Pretorius, M Roffey, F Sokudela, U Subramaney</p><p><strong>37. Neurobiological consequences of child abuse</strong></p><p>C Nemeroff</p><p><strong>38. What do Stellenbosch Unviversity medical students think about psychiatry - and why should we care?</strong></p><p>G Nortje, S Suliman, K Seed, G Lydall, S Seedat</p><p><strong>39. Neurological soft skins in Nigerian Africans with first episode schizophrenia: Factor structure and clinical correlates</strong></p><p><strong></strong>A Ojagbemi, O Esan, O Gureje, R Emsley</p><p><strong>40. Should psychiatric patients know their MTHFR status?</strong></p><p>E Peter</p><p><strong>41. Clinical and functional outcome of treatment refractory first-episode schizophrenia</strong></p><p>L Phahladira, R Emsley, L Asmal, B Chiliza</p><p><strong>42. Bioethics by case discussion</strong></p><p>W Pienaar</p><p><strong>43. Reviewing our social contract pertaining to psychiatric research in children, research in developing countries and distributive justice in pharmacy</strong></p><p>W Pienaar</p><p><strong>44. The performance of the MMSE in a heterogenous elderly South African population</strong></p><p>S Ramlall, J Chipps, A I Bhigjee, B J Pillay</p><p><strong>45. Biological basis addiction (alocohol and drug addiction)</strong></p><p>S Rataemane</p><p><strong>46. Volumetric brain changes in prenatal methamphetamine-exposed children compared with healthy unexposed controls</strong></p><p><strong></strong>A Roos, K Donald, G Jones, D J Stein</p><p><strong>47. Single voxel proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the amygdala in social anxiety disorder in the context of early developmental trauma</strong></p><p>D Rosenstein, A Hess, S Seedat, E Meintjies</p><p><strong>48. Discussion of HDAC inhibitors, with specific reference to supliride and its use during breastfeeding</strong></p><p>J Roux</p><p><strong>49. Prevalence and clinical correlates of police contact prior to a first diagnosis of schizophrenia</strong></p><p>C Schumann, L Asmal, K Cloete, B Chiliza, R Emsley</p><p><strong>50. Are dreams meaningless?</strong></p><p>M Solms</p><p><strong>51. The conscious id</strong></p><p>M Solms<strong></strong></p><p><strong>52. Depression and resilience in HIV-infected women with early life stress: Does trauma play a mediating role?</strong></p><p>G Spies, S Seedat</p><p><strong>53. State of affairs analysis for forensic psychiatry in SA</strong></p><p>U Subramaney</p><p><strong>54. Escitalopram in the prevention of post-traumatic stress disorder: A pilot randomised controlled trial</strong></p><p>S Suliman, S Seedat, J Pingo, T Sutherland, J Zohar, D J Stein</p><p><strong>55. Epigenetic consequences of adverse early social experiences in primates</strong></p><p>S Suomi</p><p><strong>56. Risk, resilience, and gene x environment interactions in primates</strong></p><p>S Suomi</p><p><strong>57. Biological aspects of anorexia nervosa</strong></p><p>C Szabo</p><p><strong>58. Agents used and profiles of non-fatal suicidal behaviour in East London</strong></p><p>H Uys</p><p><strong>59. The contributions of G-protein coupled receptor signalling to opioid dependence</strong></p><p>J van Tonder</p><p><strong>60. Emerging trend and innovation in PTSD and OCD</strong></p><p>J Zohar</p><p><strong>61. Making the SASOP treatment guidelines operational</strong></p><p>E Allers</p><p><strong>Poster Presentations</strong></p><p><strong>62. Neuropsychological deficits in social anxiety disorder in the context of early developmental trauma</strong></p><p><strong></strong>S Bakelaar, D Rosenstein, S Seedat</p><p><strong>63.Social anxiety disorder in patients with or without early childhood trauma: Relationship to behavioral inhibition and activation and quality of life</strong></p><p><strong></strong>S Bakelaar, C Bruijnen, A Sambeth, S Seedat</p><p><strong>64. Exploring altered affective processing in obssessive compulsive disorder symptom subtypes</strong></p><p>E Breet, J Ipser, D Stein, C Lochner<strong><br /></strong></p><p><strong>65. To investigate the bias toward recognising the facial expression of disgust in obsessive compulsive disorder as well as the effect of escitalopram</strong></p><p>E Breet, J Ipser, D Stein, C Lochner</p><p><strong>66. A fatal-case of nevirapine-induced Stevens-Johnson's syndrome in HIV mania</strong></p><p>A Bronkhorst, Z Zingela, W M Qwesha, B P Magigaba<strong></strong></p><p><strong>67. Association of the COMT G472A (met/met) genotype with lower disability in people diagnosed with multiple sclerosis</strong></p><p>W Davis, S J van Rensburg, L Fisher, F J Cronje, D Geiger, M J Kotze</p><p><strong>68. Homocycsteine levels are associated with the fat mass and obesity associated gene FTO(intron 1 T&gt;A) polymorphism in MS patients</strong></p><p>W Davis, S J Van Rensburg, M J Kotze, L Fisher, M Jalali, F J Cronje, K Moremi, J Gamieldien, D Geiger, M Rensburg, R van Toorn, M J de Klerk, G M Hon, T Matsha, S Hassan, R T Erasmus</p><p><strong>69. Analysis of the COMT 472 G&gt;A (rs4680) polymorphism in relation to environmental influences as contributing factors in patients with schizophrenia</strong></p><p>D de Klerk, S J van Rensburg, R A Emsley, D Geiger, M Rensburg, R T Erasmus, M J Kotze</p><p><strong>70. Dietary folate intake, homocysteine levels and MTHFR mutation detection in South African patients with depression: Test development for clinical application </strong></p><p>D Delport, N vand der Merwe, R Schoeman, M J Kotze</p><p><strong>71. The use ofexome sequencing for antipsychotic pharmacogenomic applications in South African schizophrenia patients</strong></p><p>B Drogmoller, D Niehaus, G Wright, B Chiliza, L Asmal, R Emsley, L Warnich</p><p><strong>72. The effects of HIV on the ventral-striatal reward system</strong></p><p>S du Plessis, M Vink, J Joska, E Koutsilieri, C Scheller, B Spottiswoode, D Stein, R Emsley</p><p><strong>73. Xenomelia relates to asymmetrical insular activity: A case study of fMRI</strong></p><p>S du Plessis, M Vink, L Asmal</p><p><strong>74. Maternal mental helath: A prospective naturalistic study of the outcome of pregancy in women with major psychiatric disorders in an African country</strong></p><p>E du Toit, L Koen, D Niehaus, B Vythilingum, E Jordaan, J Leppanen</p><p><strong>75. Prefrontal cortical thinning and subcortical volume decrease in HIV-positive children with encephalopathy</strong></p><p>J P Fouche, B Spottiswoode, K Donald, D Stein, J Hoare</p><p><strong>76. H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy metabolites in schizophrenia</strong></p><p>F Howells, J Hsieh, H Temmingh, D J Stein</p><p><strong>77. Hypothesis for the development of persistent methamphetamine-induced psychosis</strong></p><p><strong></strong> J Hsieh, D J Stein, F M Howells</p><p><strong>78. Culture, religion, spirituality and psychiatric practice: The SASOP Spirituality and Psychiatry Special Interest Group Action Plan for 2012-2014</strong></p><p>B Janse van Rensburg</p><p><strong>79. Cocaine reduces the efficiency of dopamine uptake in a rodent model of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: An <em>in vivo</em> electrochemical study</strong></p><p><strong></strong>L Kellaway, J S Womersley, D J Stein, G A Gerhardt, V A Russell</p><p><strong>80. Kleine-Levin syndrome: Case in an adolescent psychiatric unit</strong></p><p>A Lachman</p><p><strong>81. Increased inflammatory stress specific clinical, lifestyle and therapeutic variables in patients receiving treatment for stress, anxiety or depressive symptoms</strong></p><p>H Luckhoff, M Kotze, S Janse van Rensburg, D Geiger</p><p><strong>82. Catatonia: An eight-case series report</strong></p><p>M Mabenge, Z Zingela, S van Wyk</p><p><strong>83. Relationship between anxiety sensitivity and childhood trauma in a random sample of adolescents from secondary schools in Cape Town</strong></p><p>L Martin, M Viljoen, S Seedat</p><p><strong>84. 'Making ethics real'. An overview of an ethics course presented by Fraser Health Ethics Services, BC, Canada</strong></p><p>JJ McCallaghan</p><p><strong>85. Clozapine discontinuation rates in a public healthcare setting</strong></p><p>M Moolman, W Esterhuysen, R Joubert, J C Lamprecht, M S Lubbe</p><p><strong>86. Retrospective review of clozapine monitoring in a publica sector psychiatric hospital and associated clinics</strong></p><p>M Moolman, W Esterhuysen, R Joubert, J C Lamprecht, M S Lubbe</p><p><strong>87. Association of an iron-related TMPRSS6 genetic variant c.2007 C&gt;7 (rs855791) with functional iron deficiency and its effect on multiple sclerosis risk in the South African population</strong></p><p>K Moremi, S J van Rensburg, L R Fisher, W Davis, F J Cronje, M Jalali Sefid Dashti, J Gamieldien, D Geiger, M Rensburg, R van Toorn, M J de Klerk, G M Hon, T Matsha, S Hassan, R T Erasmus, M Kidd, M J Kotze</p><p><strong>88. Identifying molecular mechanisms of apormophine-induced addictive behaviours</strong></p><p>Z Ndlazi, W Daniels, M Mabandla</p><p><strong>89. Effects of lifestyle factors and biochemistry on the major neck blood vessels in patients with mutiple sclerosis</strong></p><p>M Nelson, S J van Rensburg, M J Kotze, F Isaacs, S Hassan</p><p><strong>90. Nicotine protects against dopamine neurodegenration and improves motor deficits in a Parkinsonian rat model</strong></p><p>N Ngema, P Ngema, M Mabandla, W Daniels</p><p><strong>91. Cognition: Probing anatomical substrates</strong></p><p>H Nowbath</p><p><strong>92. Chronic exposure to light reverses the effects of maternal separation on the rat prefrontal cortex</strong></p><p>V Russel, J Dimatelis</p><p><strong>93. Evaluating a new drug to combat Alzheimer's disease</strong></p><p>S Sibiya, W M U Daniels, M V Mabandla</p><p><strong>94. Structural brain changes in HIV-infected women with and without childhood trauma</strong></p><p>G Spies, F Ahmed, C Fennema-Notestine, S Archibald, S Seedat</p><p><strong>95. Nicotine-stimulated release of hippocampal norepinephrine is reduced in an animal model of attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder: the spontaneously hypertensive rat</strong></p><p>T Sterley</p><p><strong>96. Brain-derive neurotrophic factor (BDNF) protein levels in anxiety disorders: Systematic review and meta-regression analysis</strong></p><p>S Suliman, S M J Hemmings, S Seedat</p><p><strong>97. A 12-month retrospective audit of the demographic and clinical profile of mental healthcare users admitted to a district level hospital in the Western Cape, South Africa</strong></p><p>E Thomas, K J Cloete, M Kidd, H Lategan</p><p><strong>98. Magnesium recurarization: A comparison between reversal of neuromuscular block with sugammadex v. neostigmine/ glycopyrrolate in an <em>in vivo</em> rat model</strong></p><p><strong></strong>M van den Berg, M F M James, L A Kellaway</p><p><strong>99. Identification of breast cancer patients at increased risk of 'chemobrain': Case study and review of the literature</strong></p><p>N van der Merwe, R Pienaar, S J van Rensburg, J Bezuidenhout, M J Kotze</p><p><strong>100. The protective role of HAART and NAZA in HIV Tat protein-induced hippocampal cell death</strong></p><p>S Zulu, W M U Daniels, M V Mabandla</p>

The impact of prolonged civil conflict in Aceh has caused lost family and mental disorder to the local community. One of the tragedy occurred during conflict in Aceh was the killing tragedy in Boarding School Babul 'Ala Nurillah, Blang Meurandeh village Beutong Blang Galang Nagan Raya Aceh Province Indonesia on July 23, 1999 and killed more than 50 man when they are in Boarding School ( Dayah) and learn Islamic knowledge.The peace agreement after conflict between Free Aceh Movement and Indonesia Goverment has 16 years ago since August 18, 2005. They are saw their husband killed by army, andmany women became widows and became poor life. The purpose of this study is to know how the traumatic post conflict and misdevelopment about the religious identity. The Method of this study used quantitative and qualitative method, used scale TSI (Trauma Syndrome Inventory) for trauma by Briere with 100 items and MRPI (Muslim Religious-Personality Inventory) for scale religious identity. MRPI has 47 item. The sample in this research 25 Woman and 5 man who directly saw the extrajudicial killing, this sample technique used random assigned sampling.The result showed that the victims there are have traumatized is: high trauma 3, low trauma 3, and middle trauma 24 person . The result of this study is that there is a relationship between trauma and religious identity is low r = -0,312. The correlation beetween trauma and Islamic worldview and spiritual is r = 0.312 (low), trauma with ritual r= 0.543 (medium), trauma with muamalat = 0.157 (very low). This meaning that although the victims feel traumatized but their ritual (hablun min Allah) still good in medium correlation, but the correlation between trauma and Islamic worldview and spiritual is low, and correlation between trauma and mu’amalat (hablun min an-naas) is very low, as well as in religious personality which is divided into Islamic worldview and spiritual, ritual (hablun minallah) and muamalat (hablun min an-naas). After twenty years ago they can to growth with their self and they want to forgotten the tragedy July 23 1999, and want to live in peace. And now they have the commitment to explore and learn Islamic knowledge again after twenty years ago they life without learning the Islamic knowledge in boarding school.