Academic literature on the topic 'Religion Economic aspects Sri Lanka'
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Journal articles on the topic "Religion Economic aspects Sri Lanka"
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Papakonstantinidis, Leonidas A., and T. G. Supun Lahiru Prakash. "Analysis of Human-Elephant Conflict in Sri-Lanka by The Win-Win-Win Papakonstantinidis Model." International Journal of Economics, Business, and Entrepreneurship 2, no. 1 (August 13, 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/ijebe.v2i1.44.
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Asian Elephants have been revered for centuries and playing an important role in the continent's culture and religion where they habitat. Sri Lanka plays an important role in Asian elephant conservation in accommodating more than 10% of the global Asian elephant population in less than 2% of global Asian elephant range. Human – Elephant conflict (HEC) is a significant component in Socio – economic development in Sri Lanka and conservation of free range elephnats. In this study we attempted to Analysis Human-elephant conflict in Sri-Lanka using the win-win-win Papakonstantinidis model.
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Jayasundera, Manik. "Financial and economic aspects of Ceylon Tea Industry in Sri Lanka." Financial Markets, Institutions and Risks 3, no. 3 (2019): 131–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/fmir.3(3).131-135.2019.
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The functioning of the tea industry forms the main source of revenue for Sri Lanka’s budget, which is now ranked as the world’s fourth largest tea producer and second largest exporter. About 20% of the world’s tea products are sourced from Sri Lanka. The key objective of this study is to analyze the financial and economic aspects in the context of studying the peculiarities of sales of tea production enterprises. The research of this question in the article is carried out in the following logical sequence: the specifics of the process of making tea products are studied; the historical aspects of the formation and development of the tea industry in Sri Lanka; identified the main directions of state policy in terms of functioning of tea production enterprises; Key aspects of the pricing and marketing policy of the tea industry have been analyzed; features of implementation of export mechanisms are indicated. The article focuses on the system of taxation by the government of the tea industry, taxes in the context of which are designed to redistribute gross domestic revenue in accordance with priority directions of state social policy. The paper notes that the Government of Sri Lanka has now implemented subsidy mechanisms for tea companies: 1) subsidy for the modernization of production facilities in the long run; 2) subsidy for the development of the tea industry to improve the efficiency of tea processing and its transformation into other varieties; 3) short-term subsidy, which insures against falling tea prices or rising raw material costs; 4) marketing subsidies in the form of tea promotion grants, discounts on import duties and grants from the Export Development Board. The study made it possible for the authors to summarize the following: in 2019, there is a gradual fragmentation of land and a shortage of skilled labor in the Sri Lankan tea industry; state policy to support the tea sector will in the long run allow for appropriate reforms and mechanisms for regulating aspects of the tea industry (adjusting exports and imports, pricing systems, subsidy programs, state land redistribution programs). Keywords: government policy, pricing, sales mechanisms, exports, income and losses, tea industry.
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Gnanothayan, J. Gaberial, and Linda Kauškale. "Development of the Construction Industry and Its Interconnection with the Development of National Economy of Sri Lanka." Baltic Journal of Real Estate Economics and Construction Management 10, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 106–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bjreecm-2022-0007.
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Abstract The construction industry forms an important part of any economy, and development of the construction industry could be of high significance for economic development. The construction industry includes the production of construction objects, consumption of resources, investment that contribute to the creation of employment places and also to the economic development of Sri Lanka. The aim of the research is to analyse the development trends of the construction industry and its interconnection with economic development in Sri Lanka. Particular focus of the research is placed on interconnection between the construction industry and economic development. Historical analysis, logical access and other methods have been used in the research. The analysis includes theoretical and practical aspects: actual tendencies and historical overview.
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Kularatne, Jagath S., and Hiroyuki Takeya. "Privatization of the Plantation Sector in Sri Lanka: financial, economic and some environmental aspects." Journal of the Rubber Research Institute of Sri Lanka 86 (April 19, 2010): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/jrrisl.v86i0.1803.
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Kenyon, P., C. Pollett, and N. Wills-Johnson. "Sustainable water management practices: lessons from ancient Sri Lanka." Water Policy 8, no. 3 (June 1, 2006): 201–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2006.0013.
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Many developing countries struggle with the most appropriate way by which to ensure that sufficient resources are available, in a sustainable manner, for the provision of water services. This problem is not new. Rather, it is one which most societies have faced in the past, some with considerable success. This paper considers the case of the hydraulic civilisation of ancient Sri Lanka, not from the perspective of its engineering feats, which are well-known, but from the management aspects of its irrigation system. It details how the ancient Sri Lankans devised a two-tier system which, although it had engineering and economic inefficiencies in its physical structure, was perfectly suited to the level of social capital available at the time. Given that social capital is precisely what limits many developing countries, this suggests that ancient Sri Lanka may provide lessons for water resource management which may have application in developing countries today.
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Dassanayake, Damayanthi, Sarath Rathnayake, Sujeewa Dilhani Maithreepala, and Nimanthika Sanjeewani. "Engaging in a newspaper cartoon thematic analysis to understand the socioeconomic, health, political, and environmental impact of COVID-19 in Sri Lanka." International Health Trends and Perspectives 1, no. 2 (July 7, 2021): 249–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.32920/ihtp.v1i2.1420.
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Introduction: Newspaper cartoons are viewed as an effective means of communicating important social concerns.
Method:An exploratory content analysis of newspaper cartoons was done during the COVID-19 outbreak in Sri Lanka . Cartoons from eight daily online newspapers published from 15th of March to 15th of April 2020 were included. “corona”, “COVID-19”, or “Sri Lanka” were used as keywords. Thematic analysis was used to identify the different perspectives of cartoons.
Results: Background of COVID-19 pandemic, health, social, economic, political, and environmental aspects emerged within a sample of 87 cartoons. Thirteen common themes were identified as COVID-19 as a pandemic, COVID-19 has become a crisis for Sri Lanka, prevention is the priority, knowledge deficit leads to breaking health advice, efforts to control virus outbreak, shifting socio-cultural practices, effects of lockdown, rich man’s virus – poor suffer the most bringing the global economy to its knee, coronavirus is driving the black market for essential stuff, seeking strategies to hold the election, applying health precautions in election activities and other political involvements.
Conclusion: Cartoons were effectively used to give broad health and other messages to the public during the COVID-19 outbreak in Sri Lanka. Newspaper cartoons can be used as an effective mode of disseminating information during a crisis.
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Perera, Jehan. "THE TORTUOUS PATH OF ACCOUNTABILITY TO ENSURE POST-WAR RECONCILIATION—THE CASE OF SRI LANKA." Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities 55, no. 1 (June 30, 2016): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.46568/jssh.v55i1.86.
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For the past three decades Sri Lanka was stalemated between governments that were not prepared to devolve power to the Tamil majority provinces and a Tamil militant movement that wanted a separate country. In February 2002, the Sri Lankan government and LTTE signed a ceasefire agreement under Norwegian government auspices that appeared to offer the real prospect of a final end to violence as a means of conflict resolution. The ceasefire between the government and the LTTE held for nearly four years despite significant problems affecting the peace process, problems that led to the LTTE’s withdrawal from the peace talks. However, the ceasefire collapsed in early 2006 with a series of ambushes of government soldiers by the LTTE, eventually leading to counter measures and counter attacks by the forces of the government, measures in which the government wrested back control of territory placed under the control of the LTTE by the terms agreed upon by the Ceasefire Agreement. Today Sri Lanka is a country that continues to be deeply divided on lines of ethnicity, religion and politics. Horizontal inequalities, defined as severe inequalities in economic and political resources between culturally defined groups, were undoubtedly a contributing factor for the perpetuation of Sri Lanka’s long-running conflict. No sooner it won the war, the government asserted economic development to be the main engine of reconciliation.
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Kumara, Jeewaka Saman. "Non-traditional Security Disputes of Sri Lanka." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 3, no. 3 (March 31, 2015): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol3.iss3.323.
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From the 1970s onwards, social constructivists criticized the intense narrowing of the field of security studies imposed by the military and nuclear obsessions of the Cold War. Further, they argued that these traditional issues have not disappeared, but that other, non-military sources of threat now seemed more pressing. Hence, the nature and magnitude of security within the states should be considered from different angles such as economic security, food security, health security, environmental security, personal security, community security and political security. In the context of small states, the issue of security has multiple dimensions in the complexities of the state. Apart from the traditional aspect of security threats of small states, the non-traditional aspect is very important to identify the security threats of small states. One of the most important aspects of non-traditional security thus, is that people should be able to live in a society that honours their political security. In this broader context this study makes an effort to answer whether the political security of Sri Lanka is being challenged in the context of power political paradigm. Further the research problem has been answered by using standard research tool including descriptive and analytical methods and also the research involves both qualitative and quantitative methods. As a developing small state, Sri Lanka is an electoral democracy. The 1978 constitution vested strong executive powers in the president, who is directly elected for a six-year term and can dissolve Parliament. The prime minister heads the leading party in Parliament but otherwise has limited powers. The 225-member unicameral legislature is elected for a six-year term through a mixed proportional-representation system. Elections are open to multiple parties, and fair electoral laws and equal campaigning opportunities ensure a competitive political process. Despite the war’s completion and an improvement in security throughout Sri Lanka, the situation of political security remained grim. Some observers’ charge that centralizes approach of the ruling party of the Government of Sri Lanka has led to a lack of protection of political security. In this broader context, there is an argument that the situation of political security of Sri Lankan remains grim.
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Santhalingam, Sathees, Sivayogan Sivagurunathan, Shamini Prathapan, Sivapalan Kanagasabai, and Luxmi Kamalarupan. "The effect of socioeconomic factors on quality of life of elderly in Jaffna district of Sri Lanka." PLOS Global Public Health 2, no. 8 (August 31, 2022): e0000916. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0000916.
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Globally, the proportion of the elderly is increasing. In comparison to other Southeast Asian countries, Sri Lanka’s population is rapidly aging. The elderly are a vulnerable age group that requires special attention to live a long and healthy life. As, there was a scarcity of data on the elderly’s quality of life, studying the level of quality of life and the associated factors of the elderly in the Jaffna district will provide insight into how to plan interventions to improve the elderly’s overall well-being in Jaffna District and Sri Lanka as well. The study aimed to determine the quality of life of the elderly in the Jaffna district of Sri Lanka and to study the association of socioeconomic factors with the quality of life. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 813 community-dwelling elderly in the Jaffna District of Sri Lanka. Socio-economic characteristics were recorded by way of a structured questionnaire. The WHOQOL-Bref questionnaire was used to assess quality of life in four domains: physical health, psychological, social participation and the environment. The statistical Package of Social Science Software (SPSS) version 21 was used to analyse the data. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were applied, p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Among the four QOL domains, the mean (SD) score for an environmental domain was (12.1±2.1), (12.0±2.8) for the psychological domain, (11.8±2.3) for the physical health domain, and (10.1±3.0) for the social relationship domain. Factors significantly associated with all domains of QOL included marital status, level of education, living arrangement, employment, level of income, income adequacy and ownership of the house. Furthermore, age, sex, religion, number of children, and presence of monthly income, were significantly associated with at least one domain of QOL of the elderly. According to these findings, the QOL of the elderly in the Jaffna district of Sri Lanka seems low. And it was associated with multiple socio-economic factors. Interventions to improve the QOL of the elderly are anticipated with a higher emphasis on social relationship for the elderly.
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Sinna Lebbe, Suhail, Azhar Mohamad, and Imtiaz Mohammad Sifat. "Back to the future: returning to silver-backed money in Sri Lanka." Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research 10, no. 1 (January 7, 2019): 73–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jiabr-08-2015-0039.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the drivers of the behaviour intention to use the Silver-Backed Mobile Payment System (SBMPS) among the residents of Kattankudy, Sri Lanka. Design/methodology/approach Based on technology adoption model theory, a conceptual framework was devised, which was later tested via structural equation modelling (SEM) using valid responses from a survey questionnaire. Findings The results indicated that perceived usefulness and subjective norms have positive relationships and perceived risk a negative relationship with people’s behavioural intention to adopt SBMPS. In addition, the respondents were primarily motivated by faith (Islam) and also by economic advantages to adopt SBMPS. Research limitations/implications Religion, culture, gender, income level, age and educational level could be used as moderating factors for better understanding of people’s behaviour intentions. A Multi-cultural demographic may shed further light. Social implications This paper not only makes awareness of the importance of real (commodity) money but also provides the understanding of people’s willingness and the underlying motivations to practically implement the system without threatening the legal tender. Originality/value Extant research has mainly focused on the validity and the conceptual ideas to return to gold and silver money. This paper has been an extension to practically implement real money without threatening the legal tender by investigating the determinants of people’s willingness to return to silver money and understanding their motivations underlying those decisions
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Religion Economic aspects Sri Lanka"
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Senaka-Arachchi, Ranbandara. "The problems of second generation settlers in land settlement schemes : the case of Sri Lanka /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1995. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phs4746.pdf.
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Kumara, G. A. Kumudu Kusum. "Growth without capitalism : agrarian change in the peasant economy of Sri Lanka." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/30828.
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This study examines the impact of capital on the small peasant economy of Sri Lanka which has been dominated by paddy cultivation, the consequent processes of agrarian change in the peasant society and the impact of these changes on the lives of the peasantry. The persistence of peasant agriculture throughout the developing world has posed a challenge to classical theories of the development of capitalism in agriculture which considered peasant production or Simple Commodity Production as a transitional phenomenon doomed to disappear. Recent interpretations of theories on Simple Commodity Production however, argue that peasant forms of production can and likely will survive within capitalist social formations, and therefore the analysis of the dynamics of agrarian change has to focus on historically specific situations. Pursuing the latter view, this study identifies the role of the State, class structure, and the role of agro-ecological imperatives as key factors influencing agrarian change in Sri Lanka. While existing agrarian relations in the peasant sector have not become a barrier to the growth of productive forces in the peasant economy, this growth has not necessarily led to the disintegration of the peasantry, despite a certain amount of differentiation among them. While the dynamism manifested in the emergence of a small stratum of rich peasants and rural entrepreneurs may indicate the possibility of capitalist development in the peasant sector in some areas of the country, the overall situation within the peasant economy indicates the possibility of paddy agriculture reaching its advanced stages within the form of peasant production itself. In the event of such a possibility, it is the problem of underemployed labour in the peasant sector which will become the agrarian question of Sri Lanka.Arts, Faculty of
Sociology, Department of
Graduate
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Talbert, Meredith Corea. "Understanding Sand Mining on the Maha Oya: The Conflict Between Economic and Environmental Survival." PDXScholar, 2012. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/522.
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River sand mining from the Maha Oya is the main source of income and a force that drives economic activity for residents along the river. This study takes place in Sri Lanka, there are three villages included in this project: Jambugaswatte, Janituspuraya and Thoppuwa. In Sri Lanka, sand serves as the main building material. It is used to make bricks, tiles, asphalt and concrete, therefore demanding a high market value. However, the over-extraction of sand comes along with significant environmental problems. These communities depend on the river in many ways and the health of the river directly corresponds to the health of the ecosystem as a whole. Along the Maha Oya two important elements of survival are in conflict with one another: residents simultaneously need a healthy, thriving ecosystem to live in, as well as economic opportunities. With support from the Environmental Foundation Ltd. (EFL)--a Sri Lankan environmental justice NGO--this study focuses on the complex situation with sand mining on the Maha Oya. Data for this study comes from fifteen formal interviews with a Sinhala-English translator. These interviews are used to address the two research questions for this project: how do village residents along the Maha Oya perceive sand mining? And what are the emotional, practical and theoretical responses of village residents to the effects of sand mining on their local ecosystems? In order to envision a sustainable future, it is vital to begin with a clear understanding of community perceptions of these complex issues, which are at the heart of this project.
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Gaminiratne, K. H. W. "Socio-economic and behavioural influences on child undernutrition in Sri Lanka." Phd thesis, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/142619.
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Senaka-Arachchi, Ranbandara. "The problems of second generation settlers in land settlement schemes : the case of Sri Lanka / Ranbandara Senaka-Arachachi." Thesis, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/18602.
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Ekanayake, S. A. B. "Micro level planning, economic performance and human capital : a study of the settler farmers in Mahaweli Project in Sri Lanka." Phd thesis, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/142906.
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Thilakasiri, M. A. "Planning multiple enterprise farming systems in coconut associations : Matara district of Sri Lanka." Master's thesis, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/122918.
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A large and important proportion of coconut area of Sri Lanka is
owned and operated by smallholder farmers. Low productivity and
resource use are common features of these farms and ways to improve
productivity and farm income rest largely on efficient utilization of
existing resources, basically land and labour, since no expansion of
the farm area is possible. Since large proportions of land are
underutilized under coconut monoculture systems, the expansion of
multiple enterprise farming systems in coconut associations would be a
useful approach to improve the productive capacity of these farms.
This study aims to identify and describe existing farming
practices on the small farms in the Matara district of Southern Sri
Lanka, and to evaluate alternative multiple enterprise farm models to
suit the constraints of the cropping calendars and the resource base.
Data on 270 farms were collected in 1982, and are analysed in this
study. This is followed by whole farm planning using Linear
Programming(Lp). The model considers the farm household as a
production-cum-consumption unit with a common resource base at their
disposal and involving in a variety of enterprises.
Prior to development and evaluation of alternate cropping patterns
using LP, the relevance of the Farming System Approach to the present
study is discussed and the study area is then introduced. The present
structure of the small farms are examined and the farms are classified
based on the resource endowments and the current cropping patterns.
The survey reveals that these small farmers are involved in
multiple enterprise farming systems with coconut as a major but not the
sole concern. Different farm types are identified based on the
component structures, namely: lowland, upland and homegarden. The
three component farm type were the most widespread and appear to have
the highest potential for improvement. Wherever lowland rice is found
as a component of these systems, the activities of the seasonal cropping calendar are dominated by the rice except in the case of
larger holdings where more systematic cultivation is carried out using
hired labour, for market production.
Present utilization of coconut lands is limited to occasional
instances of systematic cultivation of intercrops, such as cinnamon and
banana, while a fair proportion of farmers practice some form of mixed
culture where unorganised, indiscriminately planted crop combinations,
including perennial, semi-perennial and annual crops are grown. These
are typically cultivated on a small area surrounding the homestead
whilst a significant proportion of the area among coconuts is grossly
underutilized. The area planted to intercrops does not appear to vary
as farm size increases. Thus the absolute area under intercrops remains
the same on most farms.
The LP analyses demonstrates that the major obstacle for system
improvement in these farms is closely related to the farm size. While
the smaller farms suffer from the limitations of available capital
budget for farm improvement, the larger farmers find difficulties due
to restrictions in available labour during peak periods. The mid size
farms too appear to suffer from capital limitation, but are better off
than their smaller counterparts.
The optimal crop mix changes with the capital availability in the
models and certain farm areas are not brought into the plan in the
larger farms due to limitation in available family labour. Pepper and
vegetables enter the plan as intercrops under low levels of capital
availability, while banana dominates the crop mix as the capital
restraints are relaxed.
The intertemporal LP approach appear to have useful applications
in selecting appropriate crop mixes to suit the farm endowments.
However, the need to evaluate a wider range of enterprises, including
livestock management options, before farm level recommendations could
be made is highlighted. Furthermore, this study establishes the
importance of considering the whole farm unit in planning and
extension, rather than concentrating on particular crops or
enterprises.
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Jayasuriya, Dinuk Sanjaya. "Information and impatience : evidence from evaluations in two developing countries." Phd thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/151649.
Full textBooks on the topic "Religion Economic aspects Sri Lanka"
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Löwner, Gudrun. Religion und Entwicklung in Sri Lanka: Die Entwicklungsarbeit der protestantischen Kirchen in Sri Lanka im Vergleich mit der Sarvodaya-Bewegung und dem Aufbruch buddhistischer Mönche in die Entwicklungsarbeit. Erlangen: Erlanger Verlag für Mission und Ökumene, 1999.
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Symbolic heat: Gender, health & worship among the Tamils of south India and Sri Lanka. Ahmedabad: Mapin Pub. in association with University of Colorado Museum, Boulder, 1998.
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McGilvray, Dennis B. Symbolic heat: Gender, health and worship among the Tamils of South India and Sri Lanka. Ahmedabad: Mapin, 1998.
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Buddhism at work: Community development, social empowerment and the Sarvodaya Movement. Bloomfield, CT: Kumarian Press, 2004.
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Sarvananthan, Muttukrishna. Economic imperative for peace in Sri Lanka. Point Pedro, Sri Lanka: Point Pedro Institute of Development, 2003.
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Landes, Rip. Sri Lanka: Determinants of wheat import demand. Washington, DC (1301 New York Ave., NW, Washington 20005-4788): U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, 1993.
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Tambiah, Stanley Jeyaraja. Buddhism betrayed?: Religion, politics, and violence in Sri Lanka. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1992.
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International Institute for Environment and Development. Environmental synopsis of Sri Lanka. London: International Institute for Environment and Development, 1992.
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Indraratna, A. D. V. de S. Economics of higher education in Sri Lanka. New Delhi: Navrang, 1992.
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Jayasuriya, D. C. Essential drugs in Sri Lanka: Regulatory and economic aspects. Nawala: Institute of Comparative Health Policy and Law, 1991.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Religion Economic aspects Sri Lanka"
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Pathak, Sudha Jha. "Impact of Buddhism on Sri Lanka." In Religion and Theology, 18–34. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-2457-2.ch002.
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This paper is a historical study of the mutual exchanges in the religious and cultural traditions, in the context of Buddhism between India and Sri Lanka. As a powerful medium of trans-acculturation, Buddhism enriched several countries especially of South and South-East Asia. Though Asoka used Buddhism as a unifying instrument of royal power, he was considered as the ruler par excellence who ruled as per dhamma and righteousness ensuring peace and harmony in the kingdom. He was emulated by several rulers in the Buddhist world including Sri Lanka. Royal patronage of the Buddhist Sangha in Sri Lanka was reciprocated by support for the institution of kingship. Kingship played an important role in the political unification of the country, whereas Buddhism provided the ground for ideological consolidation. The Indian impact is clearly visible in all aspects of Sri Lankan life and identity-religion (Buddhism), art architecture, literature, language. However the culture and civilization which developed in the island nation had its own distinctive variant despite retaining the Indian flavour.
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Fonseka, Bhavani, Luwie Ganeshathasan, and Asanga Welikala. "Sri Lanka: Pandemic-Catalyzed Democratic Backsliding." In Covid-19 in Asia, 349–62. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197553831.003.0024.
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This chapter investigates Sri Lanka’s response to the Covid-19 pandemic. Covid-19 has posed for Sri Lanka not only a public health challenge and an economic challenge but also, perhaps most seriously, a crisis of constitutional democracy. Although questions have been raised about the accuracy of government statistics, the scale of testing and contact tracing, and failures in providing protective equipment to front-line workers including military personnel, there is broad public approval of the government’s crisis response. However, much more alarming are the clear signs in the government’s response that the public health emergency has provided the impetus for an aggressive executive takeover of the state, steepening the curve of de-democratization. The chapter then describes the aspects of the governmental crisis response that are the cause of worry, and offers an analysis based on a framework drawn from comparative politics and comparative constitutional law as to the agentic, institutional, and causal dimensions of the democratic backslide underway in Sri Lanka. While the pandemic has undoubtedly boosted the process of executive aggrandizement that had already commenced, this catalysis may in fact also shorten the authoritarian cycle, because the accelerated de-democratization is likely to result in executive actions that cross the threshold of public tolerance sooner in what as yet remains a procedural democracy.
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Schonthal, Benjamin, and Tilak Jayatilake. "Religion amid the Pandemic: A Buddhist Case Study." In Covid-19 in Asia, 265–78. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197553831.003.0018.
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This chapter highlights the strategies that religious groups are using to cope with a crisis that has simultaneously damaged the financial, spiritual, and organizational capacities of religion while also making those capacities more important than ever. Following a regional overview, it considers Covid-19’s effects on religion in one relatively small case study: Buddhist communities in Sri Lanka. Sri Lankan Buddhist communities face a variety of challenges which are also faced by other religious groups in Asia. These include avoiding close contact with co-worshippers, addressing economic depression among devotees and institutions, and managing the new legal and administrative restrictions proposed by government. Also, like other religious groups, Sri Lankan Buddhists have proposed their own range of religious solutions to the unfolding crisis. These include special forms of public blessing, social service activities, and alterations to public ceremonies and rituals. Looking at Buddhists’ responses to the Covid-19 pandemic in Sri Lanka illuminates not only the depth and extent of the disease’s impact on societies in Asia, but it also highlights the creative and unprecedented changes to religion that have come from the pandemic.
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Cheok, Adrian David, Owen Noel Newton Fernando, Nimesha Ranasinghe, Kening Zhu, and Chamari Edirisinghe. "BlogWall." In Mobile Information Communication Technologies Adoption in Developing Countries, 205–17. IGI Global, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-61692-818-6.ch014.
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Since the invention, the mobile phone is becoming more and more popular to lead the communication sector and it has been the spirit of personal communication from the beginning of 80s. Furthermore, developing countries which have always been on the search for affordable communication solutions found mobile communication the most popular method. Low cost communication, infrastructure, and maintenance are some of the key reasons that make mobile technologies popular in developing countries. Statistics depict that the usage of short messages is one of the main communication method in developing countries and most of the organizations are using SMS (Short Message Service) as a tool to assist people, especially in African and Asian continents. Sri Lanka, as a developing country, has a unique culture which has emerged scaling many centuries, mixing with various neighboring cultures. Recently the western cultural influence has dramatically changed the various cultural aspects of the urban population. The rapid economic growth, the changes in agriculture based economic environment, advances in communication and media, and globalization trends has transformed the cultural experiences of Sri Lankans. Taking into account the speedy progress of the mobile technology, especially the SMS, the evolution of the Sri Lankan way of living which has absorbed the culture that has developed with the use of mobiles, and the long literary history where poetry had played a major role in communication, we are observing the suitability of the Blogwall system, an interactive system which operates on user SMS and provides opportunities for creative poetry by combining visual art and poetry.
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Burnett, Andrew. "The Roman West and the Roman East." In Coinage and Identity in the Roman Provinces. Oxford University Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199265268.003.0021.
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Many Aspects of Different Cultures can help to throw light on their differing identities—language, architecture, religion, and many other things, such as the ‘range of landscapes, ways of thought, racial groups, roof-tops and cheeses’. In fact, almost anything. A particular category is provided by the institutions people observe, a category which might embrace an enormous range of different things, from burial practices to legal systems, or from different calendars to different systems of weights and measures. The link between coins, weights, and measures was clear to the Greeks and Romans, and that coins could be regarded as an expression of some at least of the values characteristic of a particular society is evident from an anecdote reported by Pliny as taking place in the reign of Claudius. He relates how a Roman was forced by a storm to Sri Lanka (ancient Taprobane), and how he told the local king about Rome: A freedman of Annius Plocamus, who had brought the tax collection for the Red Sea from the Treasury, was sailing round Arabia. He was carried along by winds from the north past Carmania and, on the fifteenth day, made harbour at Hippuros in the island; and in consequence of the kind hospitality of the king he learned the local language thoroughly over a period of six months, and afterwards in reply to his questions described the Romans and Caesar. In what he heard the king got a remarkably good idea of their honesty, because among the captured money there were denarii which were of equal weight, even though their various types indicated that they were issued by several persons. I want to apply this approach to the Roman world, and use coins in a way that may throw light on some of the ways that Romans regarded themselves, having a special look at the differences between the western and eastern parts of the empire. I want to suggest that we can use this sort of approach to help explain the fundamental change that took place in the currency of the Iberian peninsula, Gaul, Italy, Sicily, and Africa in the first century AD—how people there stopped using locally made coins and started to use coins imported from Rome, coins which might otherwise have been regarded in some sense as almost ‘foreign’.
Conference papers on the topic "Religion Economic aspects Sri Lanka"
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Atapattu, AMDS, H. Chandanie, and R. Dilakshan. "Importance of a value assessment tool in regenerating a circular built environment in Sri Lanka." In 10th World Construction Symposium. Building Economics and Management Research Unit (BEMRU), University of Moratuwa, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31705/wcs.2022.45.
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Attribute to the rapid expansion of the built environment, excessive resource consumption and waste generation aligned with the corresponding linear economy practices have impacted the preservation of the ecosphere. In addressing the shortcomings of the linear economy, the circular economy concept was introduced by prioritising the circular value streams of the resources which minimises resource extraction and waste generation. However, environmental concerns are often disregarded in construction processes where the priority is given to the cost and economic return of construction applications. Simultaneously, the absence of a proper methodology in assessing the economic aspects of circular economy principles is apparent in the built environment sector. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the importance of a proper value assessment tool in shifting to a circular built environment in Sri Lanka. Instigating from a literature survey, the existing knowledge on the study area was synthesised. A qualitative approach was followed in the empirical study where semi-structured interviews were conducted with ten experts in the field of circular economy in Sri Lanka. The manual content analysis technique was followed in analysing the collected qualitative data. The findings revealed that the extremely low maturity of circular economy practices in the Sri Lankan construction sector is mainly caused by the absence of a proper value assessment tool. Therefore, the introduction of a proper value assessment tool is important for circular built environment experts to encourage the fellow construction community towards the transition to a circular built environment in Sri Lanka.
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Thisakya, P. G., and D. M. P. P. Dissanayake. "Occupational health and safety of municipal solid waste handlers in Sri Lanka." In Independence and interdependence of sustainable spaces. Faculty of Architecture Research Unit, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31705/faru.2022.27.
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Due to improper Municipal Solid Waste Management (MSWM), waste has become one of the pollution sources and caused diverse environmental impacts as well as negative impacts on human health and safety. Despite adverse health impacts on many living organisms, MSW handlers are also subjected to Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) issues in Sri Lanka. Although, they play a significant role in MSWM, the OHS of MSW handlers has been neglected in Sri Lanka. So far, no studies have been carried out on the same. Thus, it has become a timely requirement for exploring the OHS issues faced by MSW handlers. This paper therefore aimed to explore the occupational injuries and illnesses that MSW handlers are associated with, and the basic causes which leads to such OHS issues. Accordingly, a qualitative research approach with two case studies was utilised to achieve the aim of the research. Fourteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with both authority level and worker level employees. Collected data were analysed using content analysis with the support of NVivo 12 plus software. The findings reflected that MSW handlers mostly suffer from back pain, slipping and falling, knee/calf pain, and headaches/migraine due to the nature of the job. Manual handling, negligence of use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), poor working environment, inadequate training and instructions, careless behaviour, health condition and age level of MSW handlers are identified as fundamental causes that greatly impact of OHS issues. Both OHS issues and respective causes are bound with organisational, cultural, economic, financial, and individual aspects that are unique to the Sri Lankan context. Finally, the findings generated through this study can be employed in many ways by respective industry practitioners to take informative decision to enhance the OHS of MSW handlers.
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Koonkaduwa, JR, and YG Sandanayake. "The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the demand and supply of apartment projects in Sri Lanka." In 10th World Construction Symposium. Building Economics and Management Research Unit (BEMRU), University of Moratuwa, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31705/wcs.2022.70.
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Apartment market can be recognized as one of the marketplaces severely affected due to the unprecedented global pandemic of COVID-19, which is currently driving towards a disequilibrium state. Hence, this paper aimed to investigate the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the demand and supply of apartment projects in Sri Lanka. The qualitative research approach was followed in order to accomplish the research aim. A comprehensive literature review followed by fifteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with apartment industry experts during the empirical investigation. Collected data was analyzed using manual content analysis. The findings revealed, how each market determinant affected the demand and supply of apartments respectively during the COVID-19 pandemic resulting numerous challenges on the market participants, directing the apartment market towards a disequilibrium state. Urban living fears, demographic shifts, unemployment shocks, consumers’ financial concerns, tourism crisis along with several other factors caused demand to be dropped while approval delays, lesser investments, lack of funding, developers’ failures, market imperfection and construction delays majorly affect the supply of apartments. Although demand for apartments in some market segments showed recovery with the new normal adaptation followed by several positive market aspects, demand dropped within the rental market and upper tier remains constantly. However, supply side is worsening overtime since financial losses are lessening developers’ supplying capabilities, while the crisis within the construction sector getting more affected due to the country’s economic downturn.
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Perera, C., and R. Palliyaguru. "Adapting the standard forms of contract to minimize the contractual effects of COVID-19 on construction projects." In 10th World Construction Symposium. Building Economics and Management Research Unit (BEMRU), University of Moratuwa, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31705/wcs.2022.7.
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The construction industry is a major economic driver in Sri Lanka. However, the construction industry was significantly affected by the responses made by the Sri Lankan government to prevent the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. The effects of those government responses on construction projects are diverse as time, cost, and qualityrelated impacts. These effects resulted in numerous contractual effects that were mostly to be dealt with reference to the provisions made in the standard forms of contracts such as ICTAD/SBD/02 and FIDIC 1999 in Sri Lanka. Since no similar pandemic has affected Sri Lanka at this magnitude before, neither ICTAD/SBD/02 nor FIDIC 1999 have been drafted giving due consideration to such exceptional circumstances. Furthermore, no studies that researched these kinds of aspects can be found in the existing literature. Hence, this research aims to explore the effects of the responses made by the Sri Lankan government to prevent the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic on the construction industry and the possible adaptations of standard forms of contracts to address the contractual implications of those effects to mitigate the effects on the contractual parties in both building and civil engineering projects. A desk review was carried out to identify the existing provisions of ICTAD/SBD/02 and FIDIC 1999 to overcome the effects of pandemic situations, and three case studies, including two building projects and one civil engineering project, were used for the empirical data collection. Representing contractors, consultants, and employers, twelve semi-structured interviews were conducted within the three case studies. The research findings reveal that a collaborative approach with cost and time-sharing is the best approach to address the effects of a pandemic situation. Furthermore, defining terminologies, developing transparency in contractual relationships, and establishing an equal assessment basis can all aid in the contractual development of the ICTAD/SBD/02. As a result, the study suggests improving documentation practices, developing guidelines for amicable settlement, and eliminating the adversarial effects of ICTAD/SBD/02 through an equal assessment process. Thus, this research contributes to the further development of ICTAD/SBD/02 while also improving Sri Lankan building and civil engineering projects by reducing contractual issues in future pandemics.
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Dasuni, KAL, T. Ramachandra, and MN Zainudeen. "Green roof as a technology towards sustainability: A perspective of benefits offered." In 10th World Construction Symposium. Building Economics and Management Research Unit (BEMRU), University of Moratuwa, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31705/wcs.2022.42.
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Green roof is a building envelop embedded concept to compensate the consequences of green losses due to building constructions with its numerous benefits in all environmental, economic and social aspects. But the application of green roofs in Sri Lankan buildings is seemed to be limited due to the deficiency in comprehensive awareness of the benefits of the green roof concept among construction stakeholders. Though the global studies on green roof application are widespread among different green roof types, their results do not indicate any consistency between green roof application and climate. This warrants the current study to investigate the benefits offered by green roofs in the local context. A thorough literature synthesis had initially conducted to review the green roof concept, types of green roofs, and benefits offered. Subsequently, a preliminary investigation was performed to identify the green roofs available in Sri Lanka. Thereafter, the case study strategy was adopted to evaluate the benefits of intensive and semi-intensive green roof types through interviews. The collected data were analysed using manual content analysis. Analysis revealed that both intensive and semi-intensive type offers key benefits such as energy conservation, and stormwater run-off reduction in the Sri Lankan context. In addition, the intensive type offers benefits such as carbon emission control, and absorption of urbanized noise which can be aligned with the main criteria of sustainable sites, energy & atmosphere, and indoor environment quality of green rating systems. Therefore, the study suggests that an adequate recognition to green roof implementation in the green rating systems would enhance the green roof application and thereby contribute to achieving sustainability of buildings in terms of these criteria.