Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Religion and government'
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1
Anyia, Albert Ethasor. "Religion and politics in Nigeria : the role of religious actors in government decision making, 1980-2009." Thesis, London Metropolitan University, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.590126.
Abstract:
In this thesis, I examine the role of religion in Nigerian government decision-making from 1980 to 2009, providing a clear and concise account of the ways in which selected Nigerian religious actors, such as the Christian Association of Nigeria and the Nigeria Supreme Council for Islamic Affairs interacted with government policy actors on two key policy issues: membership of the Organisation of Islam Conference (OIC; international policy) and the adoption of Sharia law (domestic policy). Demographically, Nigeria is equally divided between Christians and Muslims and religious belief is widespread and has no clear boundaries within the country's domestic politics and international relations. Religion and politics mix freely. playing significant roles in the individual's political and social relationships at all levels of society. Nigeria claims to have a secular constitution, but religion has become increasingly important in the public sphere and this thesis is primarily concerned with the political influence of religious actors in the Nigerian government decision-making process. Emphasis is put on investigating organizational access by religious interest groups to policy makers and their influence over policy outcome within the political process. If said groups and policymakers share religious allegiance, are these allegiances reflected in policy outcome? i.e .• when and how do specific religious actors seek to influence the political outcomes of government decision-making? The finding of this thesis suggests that religious groups have a significant role in government decision-making, especially in relation to the impact that superior Muslim religious actors have within the policy-making structure in Nigeria on both OIC policy, and on the three arms of government in Muslim-dominated Sharia states. This study argues that such influence probably enhanced and promoted favourable policy outcomes for religious interest groups, especially Muslim groups.
2
TAVARES, MARIA HELENA DE SOUZA. "REMARKABLE PRESENCES: VIOLENCE AND RELIGION IN BRAZILS GOVERNMENT SOCIAL PROGRAMS." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2008. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=13190@1.
Abstract:
PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROO presente estudo objetiva uma reflexão sobre a complexidade dos processos sociais contemporâneos, tendo como pano de fundo a vida de moradores das favelas do Rio de Janeiro. Elege as categorias favela, violência e religião, como suporte analítico para a compreensão das relações presentes nos territórios fragmentados da cidade, nos quais o acesso à cidadania se coloca de forma diferenciada. Procura identificar como as categorias elencadas são incorporadas pelos programas públicos de assistência social, delineando seus rebatimentos tanto em relação aos usuários dos programas, quanto aos profissionais que atuam em programas sociais da área.
This study focuses on the contemporary social life of inhabitants of Rio de Janeiro's favelas (slums) in Brazil. The study works with the analytical categories of favela, violence and religion to discuss the social differences in access to citizenship in Brazil's fragmented urban scenario. It discusses how social programs in the favelas incorporate violence and religion as fundamental variables influencing governement social assistance programs.
3
Mansfield, Stephen Lee. "Government in a "post-Christian age" religion in American public life /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1988. http://www.tren.com.
4
Merritt, Julia Frances. "Religion, government and society in early modern Westminster, c. 1525-1625." Thesis, Boston Spa, U.K. : British Library Document Supply Centre, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?did=1&uin=uk.bl.ethos.301399.
5
ZAWACKI, THERESA MARIE. "THE RELIGIOUS LAND USE AND INSTITUTIONALIZED PERSONS ACT: LESSONS FOR PLANNERS AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1055176087.
6
Silva, Flávia Pacheco da. "Do governo da alma ao governo do corpo : a religião nos discursos da enfermagem." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/70765.
Abstract:
O estudo analisa discursos sobre religião e religiosidade no campo da enfermagem, considerando as condições de possibilidade de sua emergência e o modo pelo qual se entrelaçam aos demais discursos da profissão, identificando como as enfermeiras utilizam tais saberes para produzir determinados efeitos na vida dos pacientes. Para articular tal discussão, utilizo artigos publicados em revistas científicas de enfermagem, localizados através dos descritores religião e religiosidade, no período de 1935 a 2010. Na tentativa de realizar uma das possíveis leituras destes discursos, utilizo a Análise Textual, associada com o pósestruturalismo, apoiada em noções e conceitos propostos por Michel Foucault. Os discursos que emergiram das revistas possibilitaram a construção de três categorias: Ser para servir: a enfermeira uma profissional cristã; O cuidado holístico: a religião no discurso científico; e O governo do corpo: a religião como estratégia biopolítica. A pesquisa destaca as revistas de enfermagem como importantes artefatos da mídia que proporcionam a circulação de saberes que investem na produção da identidade da enfermeira, constituindo sujeitos, governando, influenciando e ensinando um modo correto de ser e agir. Desta forma, através de relações de poder e saber, as revistas constituem enfermeiras, que além de governarem pacientes governam a si mesmas já que é difícil pensar de outra forma.The study examines speeches about religion and religiosity in the nursing area, taking into consideration its emergence possibility and the mode by which intertwine with other speeches of the profession, identifying how nurses use such knowledge to produce certain effects in the lives of patients. In order to articulate such discussion I made use of articles published in scientific journals of nursing science, found through the religion and religiosity tags in the period between 1935 and 2010. In an attempt to perform one of the possible readings of these speeches, I made use the Textual Analysis, associated with post-structuralism, supported by notions and concepts proposed by Michel Foucault. The speeches that have emerged from the journals allowed the construction of three categories: One to serve: the nurse as a Christian professional; The holistic care: religion in scientific discourse; and the controlling of the body: religion as biopolitics strategy. The research highlights the nursing journals as important media artifacts that provide the circulation of knowledge, which invest in the production of the identity of the nurse, building subjects, ruling, influencing and teaching a correct way of being and of acting. This way, through power relations and through knowledge, the journals make nurses, who in addition to controling patients, control themselves since it is difficult to think otherwise.
El estudio examina discursos sobre religión y religiosidad en el campo de la enfermería, teniendo en cuenta las condiciones de posibilidad de su aparición y el modo en que se entrelazan con otros discursos de la profesión, determinando cómo enfermeras utilizan esos conocimientos para producir determinados efectos en la vida de los pacientes. Para articular tal debate, he utilizado artículos publicados en revistas científicas de enfermería, ubicados a través de descriptores religión y religiosidad en el período de 1935-2010. En un intento de realizar una de las posibles lecturas de estas intervenciones, he utilizado el Análisis Textual, asociado con el posestructuralismo, con el apoyo de nociones y conceptos propuestos por Michel Foucault. Las intervenciones que han surgido de revistas permitieron la construcción de tres categorías: Uno a servir: la enfermera como una profesional cristiana; La atención integral: religión en el discurso científico; y El gobierno del cuerpo: la religión como estrategia biopolítica. La encuesta pone de relieve las revistas de enfermería como artefactos de importantes medios de comunicación que proporcionan la circulación del conocimiento que se invierten en la producción de la identidad de la enfermera, que constituyen sujetos, sentencia, influyen y enseñan la forma correcta de ser y de actuar. De esta manera, a través de las relaciones de poder y de aprender, las revistas son enfermeras, que además de regir los pacientes gobiernan a sí mismas ya que es difícil pensar lo contrario.
7
Birmingham, Matthew J. "Federalism and spheres of justice: The role of religion in Australian government schools." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2016. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/96479/1/Matthew_Birmingham_Thesis.pdf.
Abstract:
This thesis examines the role of religion in Australian government schools. Drawing on analysis of frameworks for religion in curriculum and as instruction, and informed by the case of the National School Chaplaincy Program, the research considers how the issue is determined at the state and territory level and, in some cases, by school communities. The thesis found that discourse taking place in the context of contemporary Australian federal arrangements for government schooling gives rise to communities of interest existing at different levels which determine the reach of religion in this public space, as considered appropriate to their needs.
8
Richey, Rashad [Verfasser]. "The Global Affect of Western Religion on Politics, Policy and Government / Rashad Richey." München : GRIN Verlag, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1166149196/34.
9
Richey, Dr Rashad [Verfasser]. "The Global Affect of Western Religion on Politics, Policy and Government / Dr. Rashad Richey." Munich : GRIN Publishing, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1138030546/34.
10
Reynolds, Nicola. "Resurgence of religion in public life : expressing Christianity through public service provision." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2015. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/16849.
Abstract:
Research on faith based organisations involvement in public service provision neglects to consider the personal faith convictions of those working in this field. Using a social constructionist epistemology I investigate if and how faith convictions of employees and volunteers working for Christian based service providers impact on the work they do. Data were collected in two stages using semi structured interviews. Stage one obtained a broad overview of the role of Christian service providers from the perspective of elite Christians representing Christian organisations that have a direct connection to welfare provision in the UK. Stage two took an in-depth look at the issues raised in stage one, seeking to understand them from the perspective of ordinary Christians who work for Christian based service providers. Findings from this thesis further sociological understanding of Christian involvement in religiously plural public spheres, and argues that faith is an intrinsic part of the delivery of public services by people working for faith-based organisations. Drawing on the theoretical concept of Individualised Religiosities as proposed by Luckmann, Bellah, Davie, Beck and others, and the concept of Lived Religion as developed by McGuire and Ammerman, this thesis examines participants constructed understanding of the Christian God and its connection with public service provision. It develops a complex, three fold sociological conceptualisation of Christian perceptions of the God figure as: 1) the Supreme Being, 2) as a parental figure, and 3) an embodied God. This broad conceptualisation illustrates how participants combine institutional activities, such as attending church sermons, with more autonomous religious activities, such as personal conversations with God, to construct a multidimensional understanding of the figure. The embodied God position takes on further significance when understanding that participants use public service work as a form of church . Public service can be viewed as a form of private worship, but by embodying God, they also take God to people that may not practice Christianity. These findings challenge assumptions that the practice of religion in public projects has declined in recent years and that faith organisations are reticent to push their faith when providing services. Religious pluralism results in political expectations that faith groups are religiously neutral when delivering public services. Using Framing Theory this thesis demonstrates that participants are framing faith discourses so that they resonate with discourses deemed acceptable in the public realm. It conceptualises these discourses in two action frames, the Love, and Inclusivity Frames. There are indications of a shift towards using profane terms instead of sacred terms to explain and indirectly promote aspects of the Christian faith. Moreover, Christian teachings of love, compassion and belonging are amplified to counter criticisms that Christianity is a threat to liberal rights and beliefs. These frames, which demonstrate the accommodation of Christian discourse to a religiously plural and/or neutral discourse, have implications for how we understand Christian involvement in the public sphere.
11
McGowan, Michael Dennis. "The canonical status of Catholic health care facilities in the Province of New Brunswick in the light of recent provincial government legislation." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0005/NQ32450.pdf.
12
Ruecker, Michael. "Dances With 'Religion': A Critical History of the Strategic Uses of the Category of Religion by the Government of Canada and First Nations, 1885 to 1951." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/32601.
Abstract:
This thesis examines the historical record of the late 19th and early 20th century Canadian law against indigenous ceremonies, such as the potlatch and the sun dance, in order to investigate whether an alternative narrative of this history is possible. The main source of data is the archive of the Department of Indian Affairs, containing all the official correspondence that the department sent and received regarding these ceremonies during the time that the law was in effect. Classifying these practices as religious ceremonies, I will argue, was not an obvious or necessary classification, but a strategic move that was beneficial in the short term, both for First Nations advocates of the ceremonies and for their federal government opponents. This research sheds light on the political relationships between Canada and its First Nations, as well as clarifying the ways in which 'religion' is a strategic, rather than an absolute, category.
13
Smith, Helen Victoria. "Elizabeth Taylor Cadbury (1858-1951) : religion, maternalism and social reform in Birmingham, 1888-1914." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2012. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/3296/.
Abstract:
This thesis examines the work undertaken by Elizabeth Taylor Cadbury (1858-1951) to support social reform in Bournville and Birmingham during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. It concentrates on her involvement in the development and promotion of Bournville village, the establishment and management of elementary and infant schools in Bournville and her local government work implementing school medical treatment provision in Birmingham. The thesis argues that Taylor Cadbury’s approach to social reform was shaped by her sense of religious faithfulness expressed through social service and by perceptions of women’s maternal expertise, demonstrating that she engaged with maternal work supporting social welfare as a form of religious service. Interpretation of Taylor Cadbury has been informed by the production of a revised catalogue of her largely unexplored personal archive within the Cadbury Family Papers. This catalogue enhances access to papers created and preserved by Taylor Cadbury and provides insight into the religious and social discourses within which she defined her identity and social work. By combining archival cataloguing with analysis of Taylor Cadbury’s philanthropic and municipal activities, this thesis offers a distinctive contribution to scholarship exploring how women identified with religion and maternalism in their social reform work during this period.
14
Johnston, Louise. "The covenant chain of peace : metaphor and religious thought in seventeenth century Haudenosaunee council oratory." Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=85171.
Abstract:
The phrase 'Covenant Chain' is unique in the English language and along with its antecedents---'linked arms', 'the rope', and the 'iron chain'---the Haudenosaunee established relationships with the Europeans. The 'Covenant Chain' has been the subject of extensive discussion since the mid-1980s when a group of scholars in Iroquois Studies published several volumes on the diplomacy of the Haudenosaunee during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Most studies focus on the political aspects of the Covenant Chain and the role it played in creating and sustaining alliances. This study examines the meaning of the word 'covenant' and related ideas in the context of Haudenosaunee cosmology, history, culture and religious traditions. The numerous metaphors employed by the Haudenosaunee in council oratory and the many meanings associated with these different metaphors are discussed with a view to better understanding the Covenant Chain in relation to what Mohawk scholar Deborah Doxtator calls 'history as an additive process'.In order to facilitate this discussion, the religious dimensions of covenant in European thought during this period are examined. While the basis of post-Reformation covenant theology differs radically from Haudenosaunee ideas of covenant, points of convergence do exist particularly in the area of political theory making. Johannes Althusius' (1557-1638) concept of 'symbiosis' is one such example. Surprisingly, Europeans who were involved in or who had knowledge of the Covenant Chain provide no theological discourse on it. Philosophical and theological discussions of the chain come from the Haudenosaunee themselves.
These relationships went well beyond contractual obligations and along with the idea of the 'middle line' which separates people and at the same time joins them together. Contrary to the widely accepted scholarly view that the chain---either the 'Covenant Chain' or the 'Iron Chain'---was associated only with alliances between the Haudenosaunee and the British, this study shows that the Haudenosaunee used the same expressions in their alliances with the French as well.
15
Gallagher, Amelia. "The Albanian atheist state, 1967-1991." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ43872.pdf.
16
Smith, Daniel L. "The religion of the landless : a sociology of the Babylonian Exile." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1986. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:cb08e6da-28ac-4246-90fc-cd027e4bdfef.
Abstract:
In this study, the Babylonian Exile of the Jews is approached from the perspective of a sociological analysis of more recent historical cases of mass deportation and refugee behaviour. After this survey, four behaviour patterns are isolated that function as 'Mechanisms for Survival' for minorities in crisis and under domination in a foreign environment. These 'Mechanisms' include 1) Structural adaptation, 2) The rise of, and conflict between, new leaders. 35 new Folklore patterns, especially 'Hero' stories, and 4) adoption or elaboration of ritual as a means of boundary maintenance and identity preservation. These four mechanisms are then illustrated from Exilic texts of the Old Testament. The rise of Elders and the changing nature of the Bet Abot is seen as structural adaptation. The conflict of Jeremiah and Hananiah, and the advice of Jeremiah in his 'letter', is seen as the conflict of new leaders in crisis. The 'Diaspora Novella' is compared to Messianic expectation and especially to Suffering Servant to show how folklore can reflect social conditions and serve a function as 'hero stories'. Finally, the latest redactional layers of 'P' reveal concern for purity and separation that expressed itself in social isolationism and boundary maintenance, particularly in the dissolution of marriages with foreign wives. There is also a section on social conflict after the restoration, as a measure of the independent development of exilic social ideology and theology. The conclusion is that sociological analysis of the Exilic material reveals the exilic-post-exilic community exhibiting features of a minority group under stress, and the creative means by which that group responds by Mechanisms for Survival.
17
Scales, Roger W. "The battle of the stages : the conflict between the theatre and the institutions of government and religion in England, 1660-1890." Thesis, City, University of London, 2002. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/17423/.
Abstract:
Between 1660 and 1880 a number of Royal Patents were granted and Acts of ParI iament passed whose purpose and effect, it has generally been acknowledged, was to restrict the spread and availability of English theatre, in particular that within the two cities of the metropolis, and to limit its potential as a forum of debate for the examination of ideas or the promotion of political dissent. During the same period, although not necessarily at the same time, theatre came under fire from religious groups of many different denominations. This condemnation and the measures taken by this special interest group in society to combat the influence of the stage has also been held to have had a restrictive effect on the institution of theatre. This research has been primarily based on an examination and analysis oflegislation, parliamentary debates, religious tracts, papers and letters in Lambeth Palace Library, letters in the Manuscript Department of the British Library, theatre texts, the writings of contemporary theatre critics, articles in contemporary newspapers and journals specialising in theatrical topics, specialist reports and magazines published by various religious denominations, contemporary pamphlets, diaries, biographies, theatre ephemera and current critical writing in specialist magazines and books devoted to theatrical and religious topics. After discussing the reasons for setting the parameters of 1660 and the late 1880s for this research, the thesis considers the importance of the institution of theatre in the particular period studied and its relationship to the whole panorama of the history of theatre. After detailing a number of questions regarding the purpose of theatre and the effect it has and has had on society, this research examines the objects, effects and motivation behind the main statutes that were enacted to deal with the phenomenon of theatre between 1660 and 1880. In particular the genesis and context of The Restoration Patents, the Licensing Act (1737), the Disorderly Houses Act (1751), the Theatrical Representations Act (1788), the failed Sadler's Wells Bill (1788), and Interludes Bill (1788), and the Theatres Act (1843) have been examined, the aims of each debated and the effects of each of the legislative measures on theatre as a whole is explored. The opposition that came from religious forces within the country during the period under study is also examined and analysed. The complaints from Church and Chapel were various: blasphemy, indolence, vice, perversion (particularly of the young), consorting with unwholesome company and drawing people away from God were all cited as sins of the stage. The underlying causes ofthe censure of important religious figures as well as that which came from different denominations is examined. The various measures put into operation to combat the dangers perceived to be coming from theatre are explored and their efficiency debated. Finally the study examines the nature of the theatrical experience and how this has been affected by the legislation and condemnation of the religious interest in the country. A principal conclusion is that theatre in England was not repressed or rendered impotent by any of the legislation nor was it by the tactical opposition of the religious faction in society. Indeed theatre gained strength and potency by finding ways to circumvent the opposition it encountered. So successful was it in overcoming the ploys of the legislature and religious interests and so instrumental was theatre as a focus for life in England during the period under study that both of the forces of opposition eventually had to adopt theatre as an ally in the implementation of their own political agenda.
18
Solomons, Thomas J. "Partnerships between faith-based organizations in Elsies river and the Western Cape government: a critical assessment." University of Western Cape, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/8166.
Abstract:
Philosophiae Doctor - PhDWith the National Development Plan vision 2030, the South African government has charted a path to ensure that through social development, poverty, inequality and unemployment will be eradicated in post-apartheid South Africa. After more than twenty years of democracy and freedom, the nature and scale of the problems plaguing social development are far from alleviated. However, scholars share the view that social development partnerships could enhance the delivery of developmental welfare services as is implied in the South Africa’s National Development Plan (NDP). The variety of actors involved in any functional partnership pose particular challenges, risks and benefits. In order to explore ways to assess the functionality of such partnerships, this study will focus on religion-state partnerships in social development, with special reference to FBOs, their relation with the state, society and the context within which they exist; hence, defining the nature, identity and role of FBOs in social development.
19
Golden, Shannon. "Children in the Dark." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2017. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1577.
Abstract:
This thesis is an exercise in creative writing exploring the first-person relationships between six main characters. With half born before the apocalypse and half born after, each bring to the table new perspectives on the purpose of life. Questions of religion, government, and free will are brought to the fore. In the end, there is no right answer to any of these questions. Readers will only discover more about themselves in finding which character they relate to most, or dislike the most. This will show readers what their own opinions on such issues are. The significance will be that readers will understand more about themselves, and how they see and value life itself.
20
Coloe, John A. "Government actions in the demise of the thugs [1829-1835] and Sikh terrorists [1980-1993] and lessons for the United States." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2005. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/05Sep%5FColoe.pdf.
Abstract:
Thesis (M.A. in Security Studies (Homeland Security and Defense))--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2005.Thesis Advisor(s):David C. Tucker. Includes bibliographical references (p. 53-57). Also available online.
21
Motadel, David. "Germany's policy towards Islam, 1941-1945." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609302.
22
Exley, Alexandria. "An Investigation into the Socio-Political Dissonance between the French Government and the Islamic French Minority." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/honors/369.
Abstract:
The Islamic minority in France today is experiencing adversity as the government of France passed legislation stating that all facial coverings will be henceforth illegal, restricting or prohibiting religious symbols in various public spaces. Some Islamic women feel as though this is a pointed attack on women of the Muslim faith for their choice to wear traditional clothing which covers the face and body. There have been outcries that this is a human rights violation and restriction of religious rights. This project is an examination of the effects of France’s “burqa ban” and restrictions on religious symbols on both Islamic men and women who live in France. The goal of this project is to speak directly to those affected by this legislation and to understand the perspective and opinions of French Muslims. Records such as documented personal testimonies, legal archives, and transcriptions of in-person interviews are utilized to study the perspective of this minority in response to the controversial legislation. Neglecting to pursue an understanding of another culture and belief system will only yield disharmony among groups, and this research aims to avoid this phenomenon. In collecting the data, I set a goal to have and later discuss a better understanding of this issue and the people affected by it.
23
Mundayat, Aris Arif, and risrif@yahoo com au. "Ritual and politics in new order Indonesia : a study of discourse and counter-discourse in Indonesia." Swinburne University of Technology, 2005. http://adt.lib.swin.edu.au./public/adt-VSWT20051129.093517.
Abstract:
This thesis will examine the more active role played in Java by the urban wong cilik (the underclass; literally, the 'little people') in contesting the state�s authority,
particularly during the later years of the New Order regime, and following its demise in
1998. I will provide examples of social practices employed by the wong cilik in their
everyday lives and in their adaptation to periods of significant social and political
upheaval. These demonstrate the ways in which they are able to contest the state�s efforts
to impose its authority. These practices also develop and employ a variety of subversive
discourses, whose categories and values diverge significantly from the official language
of government. The examination of the relative linguistic, cultural and normative
autonomy of the seemingly powerless underclass reveals an extremely contested political
terrain in which the wong cilik are active rather than passive agents in urban society.
These ideas have developed out of urban field research sited around warungs
(sidewalk food stalls), urban kampongs and in the city streets of the three Javanese cities
of Yogyakarta, Surabaya, and Jakarta. These urban social spaces will be shown to be
significant for the underclass because they constitute sites through which they constantly
interact with diverse social groups, thereby sharpening their knowledge of the
contradictions and feelings of otherness manifest between the classes in Java�s large
cities. It will be shown how, in these spaces, the underclass also experience the state�s
attempts at control through various officially sanctioned projects and how the underclass
are able to subvert those projects through expressive means such as songs, poems and
forms of mockery which combine to make the state�s dominant discourses lose much of
their efficacy.
24
Lazar, John. "Conformity and conflict : Afrikaner nationalist politics in South Africa, 1948-1961." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1988. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:5f5ea531-d869-478f-ac8d-678bd5e66f8a.
Abstract:
One of the principal themes of this thesis is that it is incorrect to treat "Afrikanerdom" as a monolithic, unified ethnic entity. At the time of its election victory in 1948, the National Party (NP) represented an alliance of various factions and classes, all of whom perceived their Interests in different ways. Given, too, that black resistance to exploitation and oppression increased throughout the 1950s, apartheid ideology cannot be viewed as an immutable, uncontested blueprint, which was stamped by the NP on to a static political situation. The thesis is based on four main strands of research. It is grounded, firstly, in a detailed analysis of Afrikaner social stratification during the 1950s. The political implications of the rapid increase in the number of Afrikaners employed in "white-collar" occupations, and the swift economic expansion of the large Afrikaner corporations, are also examined. The second strand of research examines the short-term political problems which faced the nationalist alliance in the years following its slim victory in the 1948 election. Much of the NP's energy during its first five years in office was spent on consolidating its precarious hold on power, rather than on the imposition of a "grand" ideological programme. Simultaneously, however, intense discussions - and conflicts - concerning the long-term implications, goals and justifications of apartheid were taking place amongst Afrikaner intellectuals and clergymen. A third thrust of the thesis will be to examine the way in which these conflicts concretely shaped the ultimate direction of apartheid policy and ideology. Nationalist politics was also affected by the legacy of the aggressive Christian-Nationalism of the 1930s. The final main task of the thesis is to trace how and why the key tenets of Christian-Nationalism - especially those pertaining to republicanism and education - developed after 1948.
25
Lu, Chu Yi. "The Development of Christianity in Contemporary China." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2014. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4349.
Abstract:
The purpose of this research is to study the development of Christianity in contemporary China. It adds to the limited literature that explores how Christianity has developed as the fastest growing religion in China post the Chinese Cultural Revolution. The data derive from semi-structured and focus group interviews with Chinese Christians and field observation notes collected at both official and non-official Christian churches in Beijing. I found an ambivalent attitude toward the development of Christianity across different social levels in China. At the state level, the Chinese government expects Christianity to provide a much-needed stabilizing influence in an increasingly self-centered and materialistic society. At the same time, the government fears that Christianity's increasing power may pose a threat to the Communist regime. Correspondingly, at the community level, Chinese Christians wish to see an increasing Christian influence throughout Chinese society to improve people's quality of life, but many Chinese traditionalists oppose the increased Christian influence that seems to be supplanting traditional Chinese culture. These disagreements do not seem to have seriously impeded the development of Christianity in China today. Applying a pervasive cultural perspective – the lens of Yin-Yang interaction – to the current situation of the Christian churches in China, I find that the Yin traits within Christianity and the Yang traits embedded in the Chinese political ideology are coexisting paradoxical values whose interaction facilitates an acceptance, or at least sanction, of oppositions that have reshaped the social and political landscape of Chinese society and fostered the continuing growth of Christianity in China.
26
Hackett, Ursula. "Explaining inter-state variation in aid for children at private religious schools in the United States, up to 2012." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:140dbeed-db56-43d9-bf01-f2293734ac39.
Abstract:
This American Political Development research explains cross-state variation in aid for children at private religious schools in the United States up to the end of 2012. Using a mixed-methods approach I examine how the institutional orderings of Federalism, Constitution, Church and Party affect policymaker decisions to instigate and sustain programmes of aid. By ‘aid’ I mean education vouchers and tax credits, transportation, textbook loans, equipment, nursing and food services, and tax exemptions for private religious school property. I conduct Fuzzy-Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis across all fifty states, supported by interview and archival research in six case-study states – California, Florida, Illinois, Louisiana, New York and Utah – and by statistical treatment of the constitutional amendments known as ‘No-Aid Provisions’. All of the aid policies examined here are ‘submerged’ in Mettler’s terms, in that they help private organizations to take on state functions, re-frame such functions in terms of the marketplace, and are poorly understood by the public. In this thesis I extend Mettler’s conception of submergedness to explain when institutions matter, which institutions matter, and why they matter for religious school student aid. State decentralization is necessary for high levels of aid and a high proportion of Catholics is sufficient for high levels of aid. Republican control of the state offices is a necessary condition for the passage of tax credit or voucher scholarships but not for other types of aid. No-Aid Provisions are unrelated to aid. Of the four institutional explanatory conditions, Federalism and Church have the most important effects on aid for children at private religious schools. Party explains some types of aid but not all, and Constitution is surprisingly lacking in explanatory power.
27
Moore, Jesse Earl. "Spiritual Well-Being, Intelligence, and Job Satisfaction Among U.S. Federal Employees." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4083.
Abstract:
Until a slight 1% increase in FY2015, job satisfaction within the United States federal government had decreased between 2010 and 2014. However, even with the slight increase, the job satisfaction level was low which presents a cause for concern for federal government agencies. A growing body of research has indicated that employees are looking for ways to express their spiritual essence in the workplace. Research in this area has suggested that when organizations allow their employees to exercise their spiritual essence in the workplace it not only increases job satisfaction for the employee but also increases job performance. This study examined the correlation between spiritual intelligence, spiritual well-being, and job satisfaction among federal employees. The theory of multiple intelligences and the spillover theory provided the theoretical framework for the study. Data collected from 392 participants via Survey Monkey using the Spiritual Well-Being Scale (SWBS), Spiritual Intelligence Self-Report Inventory (SISRI-24), and the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire-Short Form (MSQ) were analyzed to test the study hypotheses. The correlations based on data from the SWBS, SISRI-24, and MSQ were not statistically significant. However, results showed that participants were moderately spiritual beings with moderately high spiritual intelligence. Further research is warranted.
28
Foulser, Nicholas E. "The influence of 'Lollardy' and reformist ideas on English legislation, c.1376-c.1422." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13641.
Abstract:
This thesis explores the potential influence of 'Lollardy' and reformist ideas on English legislation in the period c.1376 to c.1422. It focuses on a comparison between the ideas expressed in a variety of Wycliffite works, most especially the tracts that were reportedly presented to parliament, and the ideas contained within parliamentary legislative activity. The aim of the thesis is to shed light on the extent to which the political community shared the ideas expressed in 'heterodox' works and the extent to which the debate over 'Lollardy' informed the debates over other issues within parliament. It begins with an introductory section which explores the nature of 'Lollardy', the potential of the parliamentary and statute rolls as sources for the impact of reformist ideas, and an examination of what can be gleaned from other sources as regards the attitudes of the political community to reform. It then moves on to explore legislative activity on a variety of issues including papal provisions, vagrancy, appropriation, non-residence and pluralism, hospitals and fraternal recruitment practices - on a primarily chapter by chapter basis, exploring the ideas and arguments as they developed chronologically and mapping these, as far as possible, against the known chronology of 'Lollardy'. It also makes comparisons between the petitions and the government's response, in order to determine the dynamics of 'Lollardy's' influence. Did the commons have an underlying programme of reform? If so, did this programme bear any relationship to the programme of reform advocated by the Wycliffites and the protagonists of disendowment? How committed were the commons to the ideas they espoused? Did the Church accept a level of parliamentary interference to stave off the threat of 'Lollardy'? What was the government's attitude to reform? These are some of the central questions of this thesis.
29
Roberts, Keith. "The rise and fall of Liverpool sectarianism : an investigation into the decline of sectarian antagonism on Merseyside." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2015. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/2010280/.
Abstract:
The primary objective of this thesis is to identify why sectarianism has declined in Liverpool. In doing, it is necessary to identify what sectarianism was in a Liverpool context, whilst also outlining its development. In relation to this, the part played by nineteenth century Irish immigration, the Orange Order, and the Roman Catholic Church will be analysed. Although assessed, it is not the intention of this work to concentrate primarily on the sectarian violence that gripped the city, nor the complex relationship between sectarianism and politics in Liverpool: the latter having already been expertly covered by Waller (1981) and the former by Neal (1988). Nonetheless, in analysing the degeneration of denominational antagonism both the reduction in sectarian violence and the rapidity of its political disintegration will be considered. For a period spanning two centuries the sectarian divide in Liverpool soured relations between its residents. Indeed, the city’s political representatives were often elected on the basis of their ethno-religious pedigree. Politics continued to be influenced by religion until the mid-1970s. Weakening sectarianism, in the limited existing studies, is attributed largely to post-war slum clearance, but this thesis asserts that causality is much more complex. There are a range of factors that have contributed to the decline. As this thesis demonstrates, the downfall of sectarianism coincided with the creation of a collective identity; an identity based not on ethno-religious affiliations, but on a commonality, an acknowledgment that principles which united were more significant than factors which divided. Importantly, the success of the city’s two football teams, Everton FC and Liverpool FC, gave the city a new focus based upon a healthy sporting rivalry rather than sectarian vehemence. A complex interplay of secularism and ecumenism, the economic misfortunes of Liverpool and their political impact in terms of class politics, the growth of a collective city identity and the omnipotence of (non-religiously derived) football affiliations combined to diminish Liverpool’s once acute sectarian fault-line. This thesis examines how and why.
30
Getz, Evan Jay Donnelly Phillip J. "Analogy, causation, and beauty in the works of Lucy Hutchinson." Waco, Tex. : Baylor University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2104/5231.
31
Sray, Karen L. "Accessing the power within the challenge of gender and cultural identity to post-conflict reconstruction in Iraq /." Quantico, VA : Marine Corps Command and Staff College, 2008. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA490818.
32
Linzer, Drew Alan. "The structure of mass ideology and its consequences for democratic governance." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1779835441&sid=8&Fmt=2&clientId=48051&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
33
Mingous, Gautier. ""Selon les nouvelles que vous nous ferez savoir" : Information et pouvoir à Lyon au tournant des guerres de Religion : (Vers 1552- vers 1576)." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE2069.
Abstract:
La ville du XVIe siècle constitue un terreau favorable à la propagation d’informations en tous genres. Portées par des marchands ou des particuliers, ces nouvelles sont primordiales pour connaître la situation de régions éloignées, mais peuvent aussi se révéler dangereuses lorsque leur contenu n’est pas assuré. Les pouvoirs urbains ont donc cherché à encadrer les informations pour en faire un outil de bon gouvernement. Dans une société où l’information est perçue comme une marque de pouvoir pour agir sur le réel, les autorités des villes ont mis en oeuvre une méthodologie de gestion des nouvelles pour bâtir l’action politique grâce à l’émergence d’une administration de plus en plus spécialisée. Cette question de la maîtrise des nouvelles se pose avec d’autant plus d’urgence que la guerre civile remet en cause l’unité de la cité.En partant de la ville de Lyon, capitale économique et ville frontière du royaume de France, il s’agit d’analyser la place prise par l’information dans le gouvernement d’une ville soumise aux guerres de Religion. La correspondance et la documentation officielle des pouvoirs laïcs permet d’envisager toutes les étapes d’appropriation de la nouvelle, de la recherche du renseignement à l’élaboration d’un discours officiel destiné à être communiqué à d’autres pouvoirs ou à la population. Ces questionnements mettent en lumière des pratiques de codification de la bonne information qui doivent servir à construire la décision politique. La circulation des nouvelles encadrée par les pouvoirs urbains fait également apparaître de multiples réseaux élaborés avec le roi, la cour et de nombreuses villes proches et plus lointaines. Grâce aux systèmes de messageries de plus en plus institutionnalisés, les autorités lyonnaises ont bâti des espaces de communications destinés à protéger les intérêts de la cité, à réagir face aux troubles et aux rumeurs pour conserver le contrôle. Cette organisation a eu pour objectif d’affermir le pouvoir des élites et de justifier leur statut social.L’étude de l’information au XVIe siècle a pour effet d’intégrer les villes dans une trame beaucoup plus large que la seule histoire locale. Elle apporte également un tout autre regard sur les pratiques de gouvernement durant les guerres de Religion et, plus généralement, sur la société politique de la première modernitéCities in the 16th century were a fertile ground for the propagation of all kinds of information. Whether conveyed by merchants or in private spheres, all news items were necessary to know about the situation of distant regions but could also prove to be dangerous when their content was uncertain. Urban powers endeavoured to control the circulation of information in order to turn them into a political tool. In a society where information was perceived as a token of power that allowed the elite to act on reality, a new method to manage and control it was implemented, on which urban powers built their political action thanks to the emergence of an increasingly specialised administration. This question of the command of information was all the more urgent as a civil war was challenging the unity of the city.Focusing on the city of Lyon, an economic capital and a border city of the French realm,my goal is to analyse the role played by the handling of information in the government of a city in the midst of Religion wars. The letters and official documents of lay authorities show all the different ways the urban elite appropriated the circulation of informat ion, its search and itselaboration into an official discourse meant to be communicated to other authorities and to the population. These questions shed light on the growing codification of “good information” which served the purpose of political decision-making. The circulation of all news controlled by the urban powers also unveils the many networks woven with the king, the court andnumerous cities, both near and far from Lyon.Thanks to messaging services that were increasingly institutionalised, the municipal authorities of Lyon created networks in order to defend the city’s interests, to react to the conflicts unfolding and to the rumours spreading in order to remain in control. This organisation aimed to tighten the grip of the elites on the city and to justify their social status
34
Tao, Yu. "Enemies of the state or friends of the harmonious society? : religious groups, varieties of social capital, and collective contention in contemporary rural China." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.711796.
35
Singh, Upinder. "Kings, Brāhmaṇas, and temples in Orissa : an epigraphic study (300-1147 C.E.)." Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=74673.
Abstract:
Royal endowments to Brahmanas have been interpreted either as a factor of political integration or disintegration in Indian history. Through the first thorough presentation and analysis of the epigraphic data from Orissa, this study argues that the period 300-1147 C.E. was one of intensive state formation and political development in which royal grants played an important integrative role. During this period, Brahmanas, many of whom were ritual specialists associated with the Yajur Veda, emerged as land-holders endowed by royal decree with privileged control over land. Despite the consistent appearance of sectarian affiliations in the royal inscriptions, temples did not benefit from royal patronage on a comparable scale. Until the close of the period under review, it was the gift of land to Brahmanas, not the royally-endowed temple establishment, that was a major basis of royal legitimation and political integration in Orissa.
36
Jalalzai, Sajida. "The politics of recovery : women in the Tablighi Jamaʻat and Vishwa Hindu Parishad." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=98541.
Abstract:
This thesis examines the construction and utilization of gender in religious nationalist projects. Communalist groups sacralize gendered understandings of time, space, and community, rooted in the bifurcation of the public (masculine) realm and the private (feminine) sphere. Nationalist understandings of citizenship maintain the public and private division, but acknowledge the potential to politicize both. In this conception of citizenship, the private (feminine) is deployed to achieve social and religious change. This thesis analyzes two contemporary South Asian transnationalist groups, the Muslim Tablighi Jama`at and the Hindu Vishwa Hindu Parishad, and investigates women's participation in the nation as cultural repositories and as pedagogues. In these roles, women are able to recover and disseminate the "true" values and identity of the degenerate community, thereby revitalizing the nation. However, while women are empowered in these roles, they are simultaneously limited by patriarchal expectations of ideal womanly behaviour.
37
Pires, Carlos Manoel Pimenta. "Das mortificações da carne ao governo da alma: Igreja, modernidade e educação." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/48/48134/tde-11122009-103106/.
Abstract:
Qual a conduta idealizada de um professor? Como se engendrou a maneira de atuar nas salas de aula e fora delas? Como foram estabelecidos os parâmetros de um governo eficiente do alunado? Autoridade, disciplina, cuidado com o grupo, instrução e conhecimento, didática e retórica, comportamento exemplar e moral ilibada: estes seriam alguns dos atributos necessários que despontariam em uma rápida reflexão sobre um professor idealizado. Tendo tal horizonte temático em vista, esta dissertação intenta problematizar a formatação da ética docente por meio de tais predicados, partindo do pressuposto de que a associação entre eles foi constituída historicamente, em resposta a demandas do século XIX. Para tanto, foram escolhidos quatro dispositivos empregados reiteradamente no cotidiano escolar com vistas ao controle de suas populações: a normatização e a vigilância das populações, o cuidado de si e a moralização dos costumes. A pesquisa levada a cabo desdobra quatro correlatos aos dispositivos acima citados, produzidos no interior de instituições católicas e incorporados, mais tarde, como práticas escolares laicas. São eles: a disciplinarização do sacerdócio via normatização escolar; a preparação eclesial ao pastorado; o aumento exponencial da aplicação do sacramento da confissão; e o ascetismo como comportamento de referência. Deste modo, optou-se por entender o funcionamento desses dispositivos, assim como sua emergência, de acordo com enfrentamentos que o corpo eclesial encarou no período das explosões das revoluções, da escalada hegemônica da ciência e da preponderância do secularismo. Uma das conclusões do presente trabalho é a de que, dentre várias práticas de religiosidade existentes no século XVIII (como o jansenismo e o regalismo), a que priorizou um missionarismo de base apostólica e educacional foi a preponderante na centúria seguinte, assumindo o papel de regeneradora da Igreja e de principal forma de exercício do poder da Santa Sé sobre suas populações. Tratava-se de fortalecê-la diante do desmanche das sociedades soberanas e dos questionamentos vigorosos acerca da tradição cristã. Para a Santa Sé, a educação parece ter sido a opção estratégica para manter sua autoridade sobre o mundo ocidental, ajudando a fazê-la transitar de um governo primordialmente soberano para outro mais adaptado aos embates com os Estados nacionais e com os enunciados científicos. Ao discutir a educação confessional propriamente dita, foram privilegiados como nossos objetos de estudo manuais de conduta sacerdotal bem como algumas encíclicas papais. Foi-nos considerado mais apropriado um esforço de diálogo metodológico, ao longo deste trabalho, com a perspectiva genealógica consagrada por Michel Foucault.Which is the idealized conduct of a teacher? How the method of acting in the classroom and beyond was conceived? How the parameters for effective governance of the student were established? Authority, discipline, care with the group, instruction and knowledge, didactics and rhetoric, exemplar behavior and virtuous moral. These are some of the attributes that would emerge in a fast reflection about an ideal teacher. Taking this thematic horizon in mind, this dissertation aims to revise the shaping of the teaching ethics through such predicates, on the assumption that the association between them was formed historically in response to demands of the nineteenth century. For this we selected four devices repeatedly employed in the school quotidian in order to control their populations: the normalization and surveillance of populations, the care of the self and the moralization of the customs. The research develop four breaks related to the devices mentioned above, produced within Catholic institutions and incorporated later, as a lay school practice. They are: the disciplining of the priesthood by school normalization; the ecclesiastic preparation to the pastoral power, the exponential increase in the application of the sacrament of confession; and the asceticism as a reference behavior. Thus, we chose to understand the operation of these devices, as well as their appearance, according with the confrontations the ecclesial corporation faced during the explosion of the revolutions, the hegemonic rise of the science and the preponderance of the secularism. One of the conclusions of the present work is that among various practices of piety in the eighteenth century (such as Jansenism and Galicanism), the one that emphasized a missionarism with an apostolic and educational root, was predominant in the next century, assuming the role of regenerative Church and the main form of exercise the power of the Holy See on their populations. This strengthened it against the disorganization of the sovereign societies and the strenuous questionings about the Christian traditions. To the Holy See, the education seems to have been a strategic alternative in preserving its authority over the western world, helping to make it move from a primarily sovereign government to another more suited to clashes with the national states and the scientific statements. When we discuss the confessional education itself, the object of our study were the sacerdotal conduct manuals and some pope encyclicals. Throughout this work, we considered more appropriate a methodological dialogue with a genealogical and established perspective by Michel Foucault.
38
Foust, Joseph R. "14 states, 22 senators, 59 representatives & the writing of the establishment clause : an analysis of the original intent." Thesis, Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/3883.
39
Parsons, Elizabeth C. "Provoking the Rocks: A Study of Reality and Meaning on the Zambian Copperbelt." Thesis, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/61.
Abstract:
Even though the West, or Global North, initiates extensive development policymaking and project activity on the African continent, this study argues that one source of major frustration between different parties entrusted to do the work arises from cognitive differences in their worldviews. These differences affect people's actions and have theological ramifications involving how we all understand meaning and reality. The study employs a case method analyzed through the lens of Alfred Schutz's sociology of knowledge theories and augmented by insights from African scholars to look at basic perceptual differences between Zambians and expatriates working on the Copperbelt Province's mines. After exploring how participants in the study interpreted various experiences, this study concludes that Zambians and expatriates were essentially living in "parallel universes" of meaning regardless of their apparently shared activities and objectives. The study further argues that viewpoints expressed by Zambian participants can be extrapolated into powerful lessons for members of civil society who are concerned about international development and the environment. Such teaching elements could especially help reshape how Americans and other Westerners understand ourselves in relation to physical creation and the cosmos as well as to those from radically different cultures. Lessons learned from the Zambian perspective could also help reinvigorate Western theological thinking, providing much needed critiques of discourses that currently dominate international development policymaking and planning and that determine value principally according to economic strategies and fulfillment of efficient, measurable objectives.Thesis (Ph.D.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, 2007.
40
Shahid, Tahrat Naushaba. "Imaginary lines? : 'Islam', 'secularism', and the politics of family laws in Bangladesh." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:5d092800-be1a-42bf-8632-e733889ada15.
Abstract:
With the world's fourth-largest Muslim population, Bangladesh is an important case study in the exploration of what it means to be a 'secular' country with Islam as a state religion. One important mechanism through which to analyse the relationship between religion and the state is through the country's laws, and family laws are especially significant in that they represent the state's determination of which long-standing social and religious practices find their way into legislation as a representation of societal values. As with many other countries with significant Muslim populations, personal status legislation has remained relatively static in the years following independence, despite attempts at change. Inspired by studies of negotiations between state and civil society actors in bringing about changes in law, this study analyses the evolution of family laws for Muslims in Bangladesh, revealing a range of voices using such laws in their negotiations between competing notions of 'Islam' and 'secularism' and their role in governance. Using parliamentary and Supreme Court records, newspaper archives, expert interviews, and secondary literature, I show that there has been little change in personal status legislation beyond procedural simplification, and that the judiciary and policymakers have had a tendency to support freedom of religious practice except in family laws. This study explores why this is the case, and focuses on the discourse around the National Women Development Policy and its clause on property and inheritance as the greatest point of contention in enhancing women's rights in family laws.
41
Lockler, Tori Chambers. "Radical Religious Groups and Government Policy: A Critical Evaluation." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0000447.
42
Santos, da Costa Priscila. ""Re-designing the nation" : politics and Christianity in Papua New Guinea's national parliament." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14580.
Abstract:
My thesis addresses how Christianity can constitute itself as a creative force and a form of governance across different scales. I carried out 12 months of fieldwork between 2013 and 2015 in Papua New Guinea's National Parliament (Port Moresby). My interlocutors were bureaucrats, liberal professionals and pastors who formed a group known as the Unity Team. The Unity Team, spearheaded by the Speaker of the 9th Parliament, Hon. Theodor Zurenuoc, were responsible for controversial initiatives, such as the destruction and dismantling of traditional carvings from Parliament in 2013, which they considered ungodly and evil, and the placement of a donated KJV Bible in the chamber of Parliament in 2015. My interlocutors regard Christianity as central to eliciting modern subjects and institutions. They consider Christianity to be a universal form of discernment, contrasted to particularistic forms of knowing and relating which are thought to create corruption and low institutional performance. I show how the Unity Team regarded Christianity as more than a way of doing away with satanic forces and building a Christian self. They expected Christianity to be a frame of reference informing work ethics, infusing citizenship and, finally, productive of a public and national realm. By exploring Christianity ethnographically, I offer a contribution to Anthropological discussions concerning politics, bureaucracy, citizenship, and nation-making.
43
Mansill, Douglas B. "A civil and ecclesiastical union? The development of prison chaplaincy in Aotearoa-New Zealand." Click here to access this resource online, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/642.
Abstract:
New Zealand prisons were a colonial construct established by early colonial administrations to deal with criminal behaviour occurring at the time of European settlement. Like the prison system, prison chaplaincy also had its origins in colonial experiences from the United Kingdom where chaplains were employed to meet the spiritual needs of those in institutions such as schools, hospitals, colleges, the military and legations. This thesis addressed the question of how the partnership between Church and State administrators in New Zealand for the provision of chaplaincy services developed between 1840 and 2006. Four phases were identified in the evolution of prison chaplaincy: phase one 1840-to-1950, characterised by ad hoc arrangements between clergy and local prison management; phase two 1951-to-1989 when Secretary for Justice Samuel Barnett established a formal relationship with the National Council of Churches and the Roman Catholic Church to provide chaplains for penal institutions; phase three identified as ‘prisons in change’ 1990-1999, when the Interim Chaplaincy Advisory Board and Prison Chaplaincy Advisory Board worked in tandem with the Departments of Justice and Corrections to administer the Prison Chaplaincy Service, arising from the recommendations of the Roper and Perry Reports; and phase four 2000-to-2006, a period when the Prison Chaplaincy Service of Aotearoa New Zealand was contracted to the Department of Corrections to employ prison chaplains. The research adopted a multi-faceted approach, consisting of phenomenology, ethno-methodology and hermeneutics to understand attitudes and experiences of key players and institutions in the evolution of Prison Chaplaincy. Data was collected through interviews of key informants, critical evaluation of published and unpublished material in public and private collections. The study identified six key factors that influenced the development of Prison Chaplaincy in New Zealand. These were: the nature of the Church-State interface, the impact of biculturalism, the influence of theological and ecclesiastical trends, and the impact of inter-church politics, the influence of socio economic trends and developments, and changes in Government policy. It also found that while there were tensions, the Church-State partnership had positive benefits for the spiritual outcomes for prisoners.
44
Love, Kaleen E. "The politics of gender in a time of change : gender discourses, institutions, and identities in contemporary Indonesia." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2008. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:e7aea965-c1aa-43b0-bc76-3bc743e90879.
Abstract:
This dissertation fundamentally explores the nature of change, and the development interventions that aim to bring this change into a particular society. What emerges is the notion of a ‘spiral’: imagining the dynamic relationship between paradigms and discourses, the institutions and programmes operating in a place, and the way individual identities are constructed in intricate and contradictory ways. Within this spiral, discourse has power – ‘words matter’ – but equally significant is how these words interact dialogically with concrete social structures and institutions – ‘it takes more than changing words to change the world’. Furthermore, these changes are reacted to, and expressed in, the physical, sexed body. In essence, change is ideational, institutional, and embodied. To investigate the politics of change, this dissertation analyses the spiral relationships between gender discourses, institutions, and identities in contemporary Indonesia, focusing on their transmission across Java. It does so by exploring the Indonesian state’s gender policies in the context of globalisation, democratisation, and decentralisation. In this way, the lens of gender allows us to analyse the dynamic interactions between state and society, between ideas and institutions, which impact on everything from cultural structures to physical bodies. Research focuses on the gender policies of the Indonesian Ministry of Women’s Empowerment, substantiated with case study material from United Nations Population Fund reproductive health programmes in West Java. Employing a multi-level, multi-vocal theoretical framework, the thesis analyses gender discourses and relational structures (how discourses circulate to construct the Indonesian woman), gender institutions and social structures (how discourses are translated into programmes), and gender identities and embodied structures (how discourses enter the home and the body). Critically, studying gender requires analysing the human body as the site of both structural and symbolic power. This dissertation thus argues for renewed emphasis on a ‘politics of the body’, recognising that bodies are the material foundations from which gender discourses derive their naturalising power and hence ability to structure social relations. The danger of forgetting this politics of the body is that it allows for slippage between ‘gender’ and ‘women’; policy objectives cannot be disentangled from the reality of physical bodies and their social construction. This thesis therefore argues that there are distinct and even inverse impacts of gender policies in Indonesia. As the ‘liberal’ and ‘modern’ assumptions of gender equality are overlaid onto the patriarchal culture of a society undergoing transformation, women’s bodies and women’s sexuality are always and ever the focus of the social gaze. The gender policies and interventions affecting change on discursive and institutional levels may thus provoke reaction at the level of individual identities that are contrary to explicit intentions. In effect, projects that purport to work on ‘gender’ are often so deeply rooted in underlying gender normativity that their net effect is to reinscribe these gender hierarchies. By exposing the contradictions in these underlying paradigms we gain insight into the politics of a transforming society. Furthermore, engaging with the politics of the body allows us to analyse the spiral processes between discourse and practice, the question of power, and the way men and women embody social structures and experience social transformation.
45
Araújo, Maria do Socorro de Sousa 1954. "Territórios amazônicos e Araguaia mato-grossense : configurações de modernidade, políticas de ocupação e civilidade para os sertões." [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/280819.
Abstract:
Orientador: Paulo Celso MiceliTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas
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Resumo: Este trabalho de pesquisa tem por finalidade apresentar e problematizar várias práticas de ocupação, bem como os usos políticos dos territórios amazônicos, no decorrer do século XX, e em destaque, a Amazônia mato-grossense - o vale do Araguaia. Para tanto, na perspectiva da História Cultural, o conjunto dos discursos que se aloja nas fontes documentais revela as estratégias de ação com as quais a multiplicidade de agentes sociais conduz seus propósitos. Nas arenas dos jogos de interesses distintos, estão imbricadas as dimensões do público e do privado, do geral e do particular, do formal e do informal, da ética e da estética. Nesse caminho, os resultados da pesquisa dão visibilidade aos múltiplos comportamentos individuais e coletivos que produzem encontros e desencontros, parceiros e adversários, aliados e inimigos, a partir das concepções que os grupos sociais formulam sobre o mundo em que vivem e, com elas, constroem suas experiências de vida. Na segunda metade do século passado, o "inventário" dos territórios amazônicos, com fins de exploração econômica, que se estabeleceu a partir das políticas governamentais, tem como suporte maior os conflitos agrários em função dos "negócios fundiários", em que se transformou o uso das terras. Nestas práticas de violência, se enfrentaram (e continuam se enfrentando) Igreja católica, empresários, poderes públicos (Executivo, Legislativo e Judiciário), representações sociais como sindicatos, CNBB, ONG's, OAB, etc., o que tem chamado a atenção de jornalistas e intelectuais. Por último, a pesquisa, no seu todo, também aponta aspectos singulares de um tempo carregado de representações da modernidade, cujas ações colocam à prova, valores e tradições. As formas de agir, portanto, dão sentido às escolhas, aos comportamentos político-sociais e culturais, às vitórias e até aos fracassos com que as populações sertanejas (índios, ribeirinhos, agricultores pobres e imigrantes) constroem suas experiências de vida na dimensão e nas tramas do progresso
Abstract: This research aims to present and discuss various forms of occupation and the political uses of Amazon territories in the twentieth century, highlighting the Amazon in Mato Grosso - the Araguaia valley. Therefore, from the perspective of Cultural History, the set of discourses that constitute the documentary sources reveals the strategies of action with which the various social agents operate their purposes. In different games of interest, dimensions of public and private are intertwined, as well as the general and the particular, the formal and the informal, ethics and aesthetics. In this way, research results show the various individual and collective behaviors that produce meetings and disagreements, partners and adversaries, allies and enemies, from the conception that social groups formulate about the world they live in and, with them, build their life experiences. In the second half of the last century, the "inventory" of the Amazon spaces for economic exploitation purposes, which is established from government policies, originated many land conflicts on the basis of "land deals" that turned into land use. In these practices of violence, Catholic Church, entrepreneurs, government (Executive, Legislative and Judicial), social representations such as syndicate, CNBB, NGOs, OAB, etc., faced (and have been facing). And it has drawn the attention of journalists and intellectuals. Finally, research on the whole indicates the unique aspects of a historical time laden with representations of modernity, whose actions put values and traditions to the test. The forms of action, therefore, give meaning to the choices, political-economic and socio-cultural behaviors, victories and even failures with which the region's people (Indians, riverine, poor farmers and immigrants) build their life experiences in dimension and frames of progress
Doutorado
Historia Cultural
Doutora em História
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Hernandez, Rodrigo, and Andréas Andersson. "Global spirituality - local development." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för lärande och samhälle (LS), 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-27836.
Abstract:
The purpose of this study was to examine the dynamics between spirituality and development. The point of departure for the study took place in Rishikesh and Dharamsala, in India. Our main object was to examine the role of the Divine Life Society (DLS), in Rishikesh and the Tibetan government in exile, in Dharamsala, in terms of local development. To achieve a solid platform regarding the theoretical framework, relevant studies were made in Hinduism and Buddhism. The study shows that there is a connection between religion and development. Nevertheless, this connection is not unequivocal, hence, in comparison, the results shows differences between the two objects studied. The conclusion of this study is that although there is a connection between spirituality and local development, spirituality in itself doesn’t mean development.
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Hogan, Marina. "The fictional Savonarola and the creation of modern Italy." University of Western Australia. European Languages and Studies Discipline Group. Italian Studies, 2009. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2010.0035.
Abstract:
This thesis deals with Girolamo Savonarola and with his place in the imagination and collective memory of Italians from the early nineteenth century to the present. It examines the works of a variety of Italian fictional authors who turned to Savonarola in the belief that he could help them pursue objectives which, in their opinion, Italy and Italians should strive to achieve. At first, he was called upon by nationalist writers of the Risorgimento to inspire a people and convince it of the need for a free, united Italy. Later, as the new nation began to consolidate and Italians came to realize that unification had not delivered all that it had promised, Savonarola was employed in a negative way to show that military action and force were necessary to ensure Italy's progress to the status of great power. As Italians became more aware of the grave social issues facing their nation, he was called upon, once again, to help change social policy and to remind the people of its civic responsibility to the less fortunate members of society. The extent of Savonarola's adaptability is also explored through the analysis of his manipulation by the writers of Fascist Italy. Remarkably, he was used to highlight to Italians their duty to stand by Mussolini and the Fascist Regime during their struggle with the Catholic Church and the Pope. At the same time, however, one writer daringly used Savonarola's apostolate to condemn the Regime and the people's blind adherence to its philosophies. As Fascism fell and Italy began to rebuild after the Second World War, there was no longer a need for Savonarola to be used for political or militaristic ends. In recent times, emphasis has been placed on the human side of the Friar and he has been employed solely to guide Italians in a civic, moral and spiritual sense. From the Risorgimento to the present, the various changes in Italian history have been foreshadowed in the treatment of Savonarola by Italian fictional authors who turned to him in difficult times to help define what it is to be Italian.
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Salehin, Mohammad Musfequs. "Development, state and religious non-governmental organizations in Bangladesh." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/10513.
Abstract:
This project investigates the relationship between religion, the state, development and Religious NGOs (RNGOs) in general and Islamic NGOs in particular in Bangladesh. Based on fieldwork with three Islamic NGOs, and carried out in Bangladesh over the period of July 2010 to February 2011, this research attempts to answer five specific research questions. This research uses qualitative interviews, focus group discussions, and participant observation to collect data from beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries of Islamic NGOs (including beneficiaries of secular NGOs), NGO officials and local key informants in three districts in Bangladesh. A new form of ‘governmentality’—a pious or sacralised governmentality, as this research argues, emerged in the context of hegemonic neoliberal governmentality. This new form of governmentality is revealed through the practices and programs of the Islamic NGOs, for example, through their practice of ‘entrepreneurial Homo economicus’. Thus Islamic NGOs also changed the ideological structures shaping the lives of rural women through an Islamic version of ‘women empowerment’ and the enhancement of Muslim women’s agency. Although an Islamic ideological construct informs the programs and activities of Islamic NGOs, these NGOs are having a crisis in their Islamic identity due to their alleged connections with Islamists, war-crimes and subsequent state surveillance. Yet, this research argues that in the context of the perceived ‘coercive’ practices of secular NGOs Islamic NGOs have the potential to emerge as an alternative development practice in Bangladesh.
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Ruedin, Didier. "Symbolic and ideological representation in national parliaments : a cross-national comparison of the representation of women, ethnic groups and issue positions in national parliaments /." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2009. http://ora.ouls.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:94320eba-9ccd-4bfa-90c8-230462fe2eb8.
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Can, Levent. "Ethnic conflicts and governmental conflict management." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2006. http://bosun.nps.edu/uhtbin/hyperion.exe/06Dec%5FCan%5FDA.pdf.
Abstract:
Thesis (M.S. in Defense Analysis)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2006.Thesis Advisor(s): Peter Gustaitis. "December 2006." Includes bibliographical references (p. 81-83). Also available in print.