Academic literature on the topic 'Relevant social factors'
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Journal articles on the topic "Relevant social factors"
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Ungureanu, R., and A. Muntean. "Women's health and some relevant social factors." Neuropsychiatrie de l'Enfance et de l'Adolescence 60, no. 5 (July 2012): S285—S286. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurenf.2012.04.791.
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Shujuan, W., L. Wenwen, J. Yuejuan, G. Yuzhen, and L. Yafeng. "Relations between the social economic factors and the relevant factors of cardiovascular disease." Heart 97, Suppl 3 (October 1, 2011): A91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2011-300867.269.
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de Sa, Joao Duarte Saleme, Emerson Wagner Mainardes, and Daniel Modenesi de Andrade. "Buying a family car: relevant factors for teenagers." Revista de Gestão 27, no. 1 (October 11, 2019): 21–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rege-05-2018-0076.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to find out the relevant factors, according to teenagers, that influence the buying decision of the family car. Design/methodology/approach Research carried out in three stages: one qualitative research (by using focal groups), and two quantitative research studies (descriptive and cross-sectional). Findings The authors identified three factors that are important for teenagers when influencing the purchase of the family car: safety, sportiness and comfort. The identification of these factors shows that the millennial generation tends to emphasize aspects of individual interest, such as status and performance, and family context, such as safety and comfort, rather than social aspects, such as the type of fuel and environmental impact. Practical implications The authors recommend the development of automobiles that prioritize the three factors mentioned herein in order to reverse the trend of declining car purchase. Originality/value The authors presented the relevant attributes in buying decisions of family cars according to teenagers. The authors also indicated the automobile attributes that are relevant for a more informed, connected, and with an increasing purchase power generation in contrast with previous generations, whose social context was prior to the emergence of social media.
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Povidaichyk, Oksana, Oleg Lisovets, Olena Bilyk, Oksana Onypchenko, Ihor Hrynyk, and Kateryna Kulava. "Relevant Factors in Research Activity of Ukrainian Social Workers: Postmodern Studies." Postmodern Openings 13, no. 4 (November 29, 2022): 561–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/po/13.4/533.
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The article deals with theoretical, practical, partly - historical aspects of scientific research of modern Ukrainian and foreign sociologists and social workers. The aim of the research is to analyze and summarize the following three key aspects: a) historical destructive moments in the development of Ukrainian/Soviet sociology; b) the orientation of the vector of postmodernist research of foreign scholars who had no censorship restrictions on their works; c) the main problematics of current Ukrainian sociological research. The latter, despite their deep materialistic tradition, find opportunities for new non-empirical approaches. In the article with the help of analysis of methodical sources, generalization of their content and presentation and interpretation of individual statistical data the authors substantiate: socio-economic, managerial and pedagogical reasons can systematically present the problematics of the current research of social workers. However, the postmodern aspect, still not "reworked" by the Ukrainian society, has not yet left its final mark on the social research. The international significance of the article lies in the interest of countries of transitional democracies and economies, previously under totalitarian influence, to acquire full emancipation and neo-liberalization concerning social problems and humane ways of solving them.
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Lee, Jieun. "Professional interpreters’ job satisfaction and relevant factors." Translation and Interpreting Studies 12, no. 3 (November 23, 2017): 427–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/tis.12.3.04lee.
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Abstract A study of the job satisfaction of professional interpreters may cast light on the current state of the profession and its prospects. Through a questionnaire-based survey of 150 professional interpreters in South Korea, this study examines various factors contributing to the job satisfaction of professional interpreters, including individual characteristics and job characteristics. Statistically significant correlations were confirmed between job satisfaction and marital status, the length of the interpreting career, average weekly working hours, and the dominant employment type of the respondents. While the respondents overwhelmingly chose income as the most important factor that determines their satisfaction, a multiple regression analysis revealed that job security was the most important factor, which was in turn strongly correlated with social recognition. This case study provides an analysis of the status quo of the profession in South Korea and has implications for the industry and for interpreter training.
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Phonthanukitithaworn, Chanchai, Chavis Ketkaew, and Phaninee Naruetharadhol. "Relevant Factors for Success as an Online Entrepreneur in Thailand." SAGE Open 9, no. 1 (January 2019): 215824401882175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244018821757.
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This research aims to study the success factors of an online entrepreneur. With the recent rapid growth of the online market for different goods and services, the need to investigate the business strategy of online entrepreneurs in specific markets such as in Thailand and extract relevant success factors is dire. The researcher collected data by using a seven-point Likert-type scale that measured the responses of 180 online businesses in Bangkok, Thailand. The study used Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) for statistical analysis. The results indicated that the thirteen most relevant factors related to an online entrepreneur are ACO, EOU, government support, networking, risk-taking propensity, reliability, AFF, BIM, logistics and transportation, product quality, product price, advertising on social media and staff and employee.
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Blind, Knut, and Alex Fenton. "Standard-relevant publications: evidence, processes and influencing factors." Scientometrics 127, no. 1 (December 13, 2021): 577–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11192-021-04210-8.
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AbstractThis paper introduces the concept of standard-relevant publications, complementary to standard-essential patents and framed by the concept of knowledge utilization. By analyzing the reference lists of the around 20,000 standards released by ISO, authors of scientific papers cited in standards who are working at German institutions were identified. The institutions include universities, independent research societies, ministerial research institutes and companies. Almost thirty interviews were conducted with the most-cited of these authors. The interviews addressed the processes by which scientific publications come to be referenced in standards, and the motivations, the barriers and the effects of this. The findings demonstrate opportunities for and challenges to establishing standard-relevant publications as a new performance indicator for researchers, funding agencies, standard-setting organizations and ultimately regulators.
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신은경 and lee hanna. "Factors Influencing Social Participation in People with Musculoskeletal Conditions- Applying ICF relevant categories -." Korean Journal of Social Welfare 65, no. 1 (February 2013): 5–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.20970/kasw.2013.65.1.001.
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HAMAMURA, YOSHIHISA, and JUICHI KOBAYASHI. "Some social factors relevant to the stress-reducing effect of fighting in rats." Japanese Psychological Research 28, no. 2 (1986): 87–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4992/psycholres1954.28.87.
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Fink, Christine M., Samuel M. Turner, and Deborah C. Beidel. "Culturally relevant factors in the behavioral treatment of social phobia: A case study." Journal of Anxiety Disorders 10, no. 3 (May 1996): 201–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0887-6185(96)00005-9.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Relevant social factors"
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Lee, Soon Min. "ASIAN AMERICAN SOCIAL WORKERS: EXPLORING RELATIONSHIPS AMONG FACTORS INFLUENCING CAREER CHOICES." VCU Scholars Compass, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10156/2307.
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Sinisalo, Johanna. "Interactions between humans and dogs : Neurobiological factors relevant for the treatment of exhaustion-related disorders." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för biovetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-11436.
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Increasing evidence illustrates an involvement of stress in a large variety of physical and mental illness. Together with the evolutionary development of the social behavior in humans, the traditional interpretations of the attachment theory and the social support theory underscores the importance of affection, belonging and appreciation for human well-being. Not only can an imbalanced stress system be the cause of severe pathological consequences, insufficient social contact can also hamper recovery. Frequent usage of animals in various settings steadily illustrates both physiological and psychological benefits on both the young and the old, the healthy and the ill. Through the study of neurobiological factors, with oxytocin as a central mediator of social behavior and its impact in turn on the stress- and cortisol system, this paper examines the possibility of animals to function as social support. The potential of animals to reduce the suffering in patients with stress related psychiatric disorders, such as the highly frequent exhaustion disorder, human-animal interactions might offer a non-invasive complementary tool to current treatment methods.
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Dunlap, Daniel Elvin. "Social judgment research applied toward estimating factors relevant to DUI offenders' intentions to drink and drive: A factorial survey approach." Scholarly Commons, 1988. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/3423.
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The aim of this study was fourfold: (1) to measure the extent to which select circumstances weighed in driving-under-the-influence (DUI) offenders' intentions to drive after drinking; (2) to assess the impact of formal sanction, informal sanction, and moral inhibition with respect to intentions to drive after drinking; (3) to investigate the likelihood of each of fourteen rationalizations to represent a justification to drive after drinking; and (4) to examine possible associations between DUI offender characteristics and the factors indicated above. The offender characteristics of age, prior DUI offenses, and motor vehicle accidents involving alcohol were statistically significant, yet showed negligible relationships with intentions to drink and drive. Age, motor vehicle accidents involving alcohol, and "feeling mildly relaxed" were negatively, yet weakly, correlated with the Decision to Drink and Drive rating scale; that is, when these characteristics or factors were present, there was a weak association with the intention to drive. In general, the offenders disagreed with the rationalizations to drive after drinking and to a statistically significant degree. Notable exceptions were as follows: males agreed that it was not so wrong to drive after drinking if a sick friend needed to be taken home or if one had a tolerance for alcohol. Males (59%) and females (45%) tended to agree that it was not so wrong to drive while under the influence of alcohol on an open highway with no traffic. Tentative conclusions were offered: (1) the results may suggest a "treatment effect" related to the stringent enforcement efforts and the recency of conviction of 54% of the sample; (2) completing the survey provided information the offenders did not have at the time they drove after drinking, as well as, a symbolic opportunity to avoid the arrest and consequences for driving after drinking; (3) a demand characteristics effect may have been operating in that socially desirable responses were selected; (4) the number of vignette factors used may have been excessive and contributed to errors on the rating task.
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Pearce, Brian. "An exploration of the social factors that may have contributed in the UK to perceptions of work-relevant upper limb disorders in keyboard users." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2014. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/14879.
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The outputs that form the basis of this PhD submission include a web site that summarises a unique collection of over 200 Court Judgments in personal injury claims for work-related upper limb disorders heard in the UK, together with a number of more conventional publications. Individually, these outputs all address upper limb disorders associated with work although they each had slightly different objectives and the audiences for which they were produced significantly influenced the type of publication in which they appeared. Together, they help illustrate when, how and, to some extent, why upper limb disorders associated with keyboard use became the issue it did in the UK in the late 1980s and 1990s. While many might now regard keyboard or computer use as an innocuous task, in the late 1980s and 1990s upper limb disorders associated with keyboard use, particularly computer use, became the subject of litigation, legislation, industrial disputes and widespread publicity. The outputs on which this submission is based, together, suggest that following the importation of the concept of repetitive strain injuries (RSI) from Australia in the later 1980s, the activities of trades unions and journalists in the UK promoted work-relevant upper limb symptoms and disorders associated with keyboard use as work-induced injuries. Subsequently, a small number of successful, union-backed, personal injury claims, which involved contentious medical evidence and perhaps an element of iatrogenesis, were widely promoted as proof that computer use causes injury. Around the same time, the government chose to implement flawed Regulations relating to the design and use of computer workstations, which failed to distinguish between that which might give rise to discomfort, fatigue and frustration and that which might give rise to injury. The existence of these Regulations, which among other things require regular, individual risk assessments of computer users, unlike any other type of work, could be interpreted as further 'proof' that computer use causes injury. The approach to the prevention and management of musculoskeletal disorders advocated in current HSE guidance, including the risk assessment strategy, remain capable of generating distorted perceptions of the risks arising from keyboard and computer use.
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Wennerbom, Alan John. "Charles Lyell and Gideon Mantell, 1821-1852: Their Quest for Elite Status in English Geology. Supplementary Volume: The Correspondence between Charles Lyell and his family and Gideon Algernon Mantell: 1821-1852." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/380.
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An analysis of the correspondence between Charles Lyell and Gideon Mantell from 1821 to 1852, in conjunction with other manuscript material, highlights the contrasting backgrounds and geological careers of the two men. It is also characterised by two underlying themes: the nature and timing of their geological work; and the influence of various social factors on their career plans and desire to achieve high social and scientific status. In turn, these points raise several wider issues and inter-related questions concerning the following aspects of English geology in the first half of the nineteenth century. When, why and how did an elite group of geologists emerge in England during this period? Who were its members and what were their characteristics in common? What was the nature and scope of the geological work carried out by the identified elite? In what way did it differ from Mantell's? What social and other barriers did Mantell encounter in his search for scientific and social status? What were the critical factors? In this thesis these issues are examined on a decade-by-decade basis, in three main chapters, as a prelude to examining the central question of why Mantell, unlike Lyell, did not achieve the status of an elite geologist. First, an elite group of English geologists is identified through a series of prosopographic and 'screening' analyses of all members of council of the Geological Society of London (GSL). Geologists who did not meet the prescribed criteria are taken into account. Thirteen geologists are identified in the penultimate and final stages of screening over the four decades. Mantell was the only provincial identified, but he did not attain a position in the final list, which consisted exclusively of a distinctive group of 'gentleman-specialists'. Second, the concept of a geological 'domain' is introduced to analyse the nature and scope of the geological work carried out by the identified group. A critical finding is that all members identified in the final 'screening' list established a 'domain' in one of four categories of the concept and were recognised as the leading authority or exponent of the domain they had fashioned. Finally, the impact and relative importance of specific social and other factors on the careers of Lyell and Mantell are examined. When the findings from each decade of the three chapters are brought together it is shown that by the end of the 1820s it was necessary for a future elite geologist to be so 'positioned' in terms of basic geological experience, location, income and available time that he was able to identify and subsequently fashion an appropriate geological 'domain'. 'Gentleman-specialists', such as Lyell, who were able to follow this strategy, constituted a clearly defined elite that dominated the GSL in the 1830s and 1840s. Mantell's failure to achieve elite geological status stemmed from the fact that he placed too much emphasis on fashioning his image and social status, rather than his scientific career. In doing so, he let the opportunity slip of establishing a major domain - British fossil reptiles - in the early 1830s.
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Wennerbom, Alan John. "Charles Lyell and Gideon Mantell, 1821-1852: Their Quest for Elite Status in English Geology. Supplementary Volume: The Correspondence between Charles Lyell and his family and Gideon Algernon Mantell: 1821-1852." University of Sydney, History and Philosophy of Science, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/380.
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An analysis of the correspondence between Charles Lyell and Gideon Mantell from 1821 to 1852, in conjunction with other manuscript material, highlights the contrasting backgrounds and geological careers of the two men. It is also characterised by two underlying themes: the nature and timing of their geological work; and the influence of various social factors on their career plans and desire to achieve high social and scientific status. In turn, these points raise several wider issues and inter-related questions concerning the following aspects of English geology in the first half of the nineteenth century. When, why and how did an elite group of geologists emerge in England during this period? Who were its members and what were their characteristics in common? What was the nature and scope of the geological work carried out by the identified elite? In what way did it differ from Mantell's? What social and other barriers did Mantell encounter in his search for scientific and social status? What were the critical factors? In this thesis these issues are examined on a decade-by-decade basis, in three main chapters, as a prelude to examining the central question of why Mantell, unlike Lyell, did not achieve the status of an elite geologist. First, an elite group of English geologists is identified through a series of prosopographic and 'screening' analyses of all members of council of the Geological Society of London (GSL). Geologists who did not meet the prescribed criteria are taken into account. Thirteen geologists are identified in the penultimate and final stages of screening over the four decades. Mantell was the only provincial identified, but he did not attain a position in the final list, which consisted exclusively of a distinctive group of 'gentleman-specialists'. Second, the concept of a geological 'domain' is introduced to analyse the nature and scope of the geological work carried out by the identified group. A critical finding is that all members identified in the final 'screening' list established a 'domain' in one of four categories of the concept and were recognised as the leading authority or exponent of the domain they had fashioned. Finally, the impact and relative importance of specific social and other factors on the careers of Lyell and Mantell are examined. When the findings from each decade of the three chapters are brought together it is shown that by the end of the 1820s it was necessary for a future elite geologist to be so 'positioned' in terms of basic geological experience, location, income and available time that he was able to identify and subsequently fashion an appropriate geological 'domain'. 'Gentleman-specialists', such as Lyell, who were able to follow this strategy, constituted a clearly defined elite that dominated the GSL in the 1830s and 1840s. Mantell's failure to achieve elite geological status stemmed from the fact that he placed too much emphasis on fashioning his image and social status, rather than his scientific career. In doing so, he let the opportunity slip of establishing a major domain - British fossil reptiles - in the early 1830s.
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Smith, Marjorie Ann. "The effects of low levels of environmental lead on children : the relevance of social factors." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.445343.
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Guenther, Edeltraud, Thomas Guenther, Frank Schiemann, and Gabriel Weber. "Stakeholder Relevance for Reporting: Explanatory Factors of Carbon Disclosure." Sage, 2016. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A35436.
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Although stakeholder theory is widely accepted in environmental disclosure research, empirical evidence about the role of stakeholders in firms’ disclosure is still scarce. The authors address this issue for a setting of carbon disclosure. Our international sample comprises the Carbon Disclosure Project (CDP) Global 500, S&P 500, and FTSE 350 reports from 2008 to 2011, resulting in a total of 1,120 firms with 3,631 firm-year observations. The authors apply Tobit regressions to analyze the relationship between carbon disclosure and the relevance of the following stakeholder groups: government, general public, media, employees, and customers. Our results confirm that in addition to carbon performance, all stakeholders are associated with carbon disclosure. Only one stakeholder group (government) acts as a moderator for the relationship between carbon performance and carbon disclosure. Furthermore, the authors find that carbon performance but not the affiliation to a carbon-intensive industry acts as a moderator between stakeholder relevance and carbon disclosure.
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Prola, Maria Teresa Medronha. "Modelagem de um agente pedagógico animado para um ambiente colaborativo: considerando fatores sociais relevantes." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/10548.
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Este trabalho está inserido no projeto de pesquisa "Um Modelo Computacional de Aprendizagem a Distância Baseada na Concepção Sócio-Interacionista de Vygotsky", que propõe um ambiente educacional o qual privilegia a colaboração como forma de interação. Neste projeto, as pesquisas subsidiam a formação de ações para a modelagem de um agente pedagógico animado, utilizado para interagir com os alunos no Ambiente de Ensino/Aprendizagem em desenvolvimento. A modelagem das decisões para estratégia de atuação do agente foi obtida nos arquivos de "log" gerados ao final de algumas discussões na ferramenta de "chat", a partir de fatores relevantes da interação entre grupos de estudantes. O trabalho utiliza-se da experiência realizada com alunos de uma turma da disciplina Algoritmos e Programação, oferecida aos alunos de graduação da UFRGS (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul), onde foram obtidos alguns fatores considerados importantes na adaptação de um ambiente para os alunos em interação. Tais fatores são apresentados neste projeto, assim como a técnica de identificação.The following work is inserted in the research entitled: “A Computational Model of Distance Learning based on the Socio-Interactionist Approach”, which proposes an educational environment that privileges collaboration as a form of interaction. The research in this project aims to subsidize the shaping of actions for the modeling of an Animated Pedagogical Agent used for interacting with students in a Teaching/Learning Environment under development. The modeling of decisions for the strategy on an agent’s performance was obtained from “log” files at the end of discussions concerning the “chat” tool out of relevant factors of interaction among student groups. The experience was carried out with students in Algorithms and Programming offered in the course of Graduation at UFRGS (Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande do Sul) where some considerably important factors were attained in the adaptation of an environment for students in interaction. Such factors are shown in this project as well as the identification technique.
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Tilki, Mary. "A study of the health of Irish born people in London : the relevance of social and economic factors, health beliefs and behaviour." Thesis, Middlesex University, 2003. http://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/6724/.
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This thesis argues that the health of Irish people in London is influenced by factors arising in both Ireland and Britain. Using different qualitative methods, the perceptions and experiences of Irish born people in London and professionals working with the Irish community were elicited. High levels of social distress, poor health and disability were evident and related to the experience of being Irish in London. Psychosocial factors associated with low income, poor housing and living in deprived localities added to the effects of discrimination and low socio-economic position. The insidiousness and specificity of anti-Irish racism evoked persistent feelings of insecurity, impacted on identity, access to health care and influenced ways of coping. Factors relating to earlier life in Ireland may also account for poor health. Resentment about unfairness which compelled interviewees to leave Ireland, and failure to acknowledge their remittances persisted long after the experience of culture shock and homesickness. Aspects of childhood, schooling and Irish society, abuse in institutions or by family were clearly linked to physical or mental ill-health by interviewees. Factors from both countries influenced health beliefs and behaviour. Smoking and alcohol were culturally acceptable strategies for coping with life's difficulties and although harmful, afforded dignity and control in a hostile environment. Religious or spiritual beliefs and practices, contact with Ireland and a sense of belonging in both countries were associated with better health and greater service uptake. Contrary to expectations there was considerable willingness to discuss painful, emotional issues and engage with culturally sensitive services. The pathways by which negative experiences impact upon health are not totally clear but the data highlight the relevance of psychosocial explanations. The thesis demonstrates a relationship between being Irish in London and ill-health but reveals the relevance of childhood experiences and factors associated with Ireland in understanding the complexity of the Irish health experience.
Books on the topic "Relevant social factors"
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Tavokin, Evgeniy. Social policy. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1172225.
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The textbook sets out the theoretical and methodological foundations,
as well as specific directions of social policy. The
principles of organization and mechanisms of functioning
of social policy models in Western countries are considered. The material is illustrated by operational
statistical and sociological facts.
It is recommended for university students studying in the areas of "
State and Municipal Management", "Personnel management",
"Management", "Sociology" and other managerial specialties,
students of various forms of training, professional
retraining and advanced training, as well as undergraduates and postgraduates
of relevant specialties.
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ISSX, European Meeting on Foreign Compound Metabolism (4th 1992 Bologna Italy). Fourth European ISSX Meeting, Bologna, Italy, July 3-6, 1992: "toxicological evaluation of chemical interactions : relevance of social, environmental, and occupational factors.". Bethesda, Md: International Society for the Study of Xenobiotics, 1992.
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T, Bailey Caryn, and Educational Resources Information Center (U.S.), eds. The role of cultural factors in school relevant cognitive functioning: Description of home environmental factors, cultural orientations, and learning perferences. [Baltimore, MD]: Center for Research on the Education of Students Placed at Risk, Johns Hopkins University & Howard University, 2000.
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Context of Military Environments: An Agenda for Basic Research on Social and Organizational Factors Relevant to Small Units. National Academies Press, 2014.
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Committee on the Context of Military Environments: Social and Organization Factors, Cognitive, and Sensory Sciences Board on Behavioral, National Research Council, and Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education. Context of Military Environments: An Agenda for Basic Research on Social and Organizational Factors Relevant to Small Units. National Academies Press, 2014.
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Committee on the Context of Military Environments: Social and Organization Factors, Cognitive, and Sensory Sciences Board on Behavioral, National Research Council, and Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education. Context of Military Environments: An Agenda for Basic Research on Social and Organizational Factors Relevant to Small Units. National Academies Press, 2014.
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Committee on the Context of Military Environments: Social and Organization Factors, Cognitive, and Sensory Sciences Board on Behavioral, National Research Council, and Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education. Context of Military Environments: An Agenda for Basic Research on Social and Organizational Factors Relevant to Small Units. National Academies Press, 2014.
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Rayner, Mike, Kremlin Wickramasinghe, Julianne Williams, Karen McColl, and Shanthi Mendis. NCDs: Risk factors and determinants. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198791188.003.0003.
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This chapter introduces the main risk factors for non-communicable diseases (NCDs), using different causal webs. It uses the Global Burden of Disease data to describe the burden of these NCD risk factors. It uses the socioecological model and the World Health Organization’s conceptual framework for social determinants of health to show the different levels of influences relevant to NCDs. This chapter presents case studies to show how a life-course approach and health-in-all-policies approach could address these broad ranges of NCD risk factors. It discusses the importance of primary prevention efforts organized around multilevel interventions and shows that they are more likely to be more successful than single-focus efforts.
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González Castro, Felipe, Tara G. Bautista, Maria Isabel Hombrados Mendieta, Sandra Oviedo Ramirez, Nazanin M. Heydarian, and Allyson S. Hughes. Systems Contexts for Designing Culturally Adapted Prevention Interventions. Edited by Seth J. Schwartz and Jennifer Unger. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190215217.013.29.
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In the field of prevention science, evidence-based interventions (EBIs) are validated intervention programs “that work” in preventing targeted social or health problems. This chapter reviews fundamental aspects of EBIs and their mechanisms of effect. It offers considerations and steps for conducting culturally relevant modifications of an original EBI. Such modifications can incorporate one or more cultural factors for making the adapted EBI more culturally relevant. The chapter uses a general systems perspective to examine multilevel influences on the well-being of Hispanic and other international migrant populations. These influences include the process of acculturation, cultural stress, changing family dynamics, and challenging social conditions. Each of several factors can be considered in the design and development of an adapted EBI that exhibits both cultural fit and scientifically based effectiveness. A summary of key issues, future direction, and emerging principles and guidelines for cultural adaptation is also presented.
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Anderson-Fye, Eileen. Cultural Influences on Body Image and Eating Disorders. Edited by W. Stewart Agras and Athena Robinson. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190620998.013.9.
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Sociocultural factors have long been implicated in body image and eating disorders. Decades of data, drawn from multiple disciplines, consistently demonstrate the influence of culture on body image and eating disorders across several levels of analysis. This chapter engages the rich empirical literature on this subject to retheorize the role and importance of these contextual factors in light of anthropological and related social theories relevant to contemporary circumstances. Specifically, this chapter first analyzes and operationalizes what we mean by “culture” in body image and eating disorder scholarship, describes trends in salient sociocultural factors, and highlights the varying impacts of globalization where societies are increasingly interconnected. It also urges research that builds on current understandings by increasing collaborations among not only multiple disciplines within the social sciences but also biological and clinical sciences.
Book chapters on the topic "Relevant social factors"
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Lugrin, Birgit, Astrid Rosenthal-von der Pütten, and Svenja Hahn. "Identifying Social Context Factors Relevant for a Robotic Elderly Assistant." In Social Robotics, 558–67. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-35888-4_52.
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Bai, Tongzhou, Wanjing Ding, and Huachen Jia. "The Impact of Distorted Perception on Social Anxiety Disorder and Relevant Cultural Factors." In Proceedings of the 2022 6th International Seminar on Education, Management and Social Sciences (ISEMSS 2022), 803–10. Paris: Atlantis Press SARL, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/978-2-494069-31-2_95.
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Viegas, Susana, Beatriz Almeida, and Carla Viegas. "Are Mycotoxins Relevant to Be Studied in Health Care Environments?" In Health and Social Care Systems of the Future: Demographic Changes, Digital Age and Human Factors, 237–47. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-24067-7_28.
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Ruch, Donna A., and Jeffrey A. Bridge. "Epidemiology of Suicide and Suicidal Behavior in Youth." In SpringerBriefs in Psychology, 3–12. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06127-1_1.
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AbstractSuicide is the second leading cause of death among youth aged 10–19 years in the United States. Numerous risk factors are associated with suicide and suicidal behavior including individual, family, and social characteristics. Knowledge of the complex interplay of factors contributing to youth suicide is highly relevant to the development of effective prevention strategies.
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Tipurić, Darko. "Strategic Leadership from the Social Network Perspective." In The Enactment of Strategic Leadership, 249–80. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-03799-3_9.
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AbstractThis chapter explains social networks as an important construct when it comes to strategic leadership. The importance of understanding interactions between strategic leaders, organisational members and other important factors encourages the development of discourse that departs from a static, one-dimensional perspective of leadership. There is a myriad of all kinds of forms of social networks that differ by their main characteristics and levels of structural and relational network embeddedness. It is particularly important to understand the concepts of weak and strong ties in a social network and this chapter provides detailed overview of this important constructs. In addition, this chapter explains the structural hole theory and network-based perspective of strategic leadership, concepts relevant for strategic leadership. Strategic leaders need to get involved in important social networks and delve into their essence in order to better influence others and achieve their intentions and goals. If they are well-connected, they are more likely to have greater power in the network. Good position in the network can guarantee that they will need to invest less effort in getting people on board with the direction and patterns of action that they advocate.
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Palazzo, Lucio, Pietro Sabatino, and Riccardo Ievoli. "Determinants of social startups in Italy." In Proceedings e report, 85–90. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-304-8.18.
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The so called "Startup Act" (Decree Law 179/2012, converted into Law 221/2012), has introduced in Italy the notion of innovative companies with a high technological value, denoted as the innovative startups. Among them, the Italian government includes the category of SIAVS ("Startup Innovative A Vocazione Sociale"), which represents a relatively new field of interest in both scientific and normative perspective. A social startup must satisfy the same requirement of other innovative startups, usually operating in sectors such as social assistance, education, health, social tourism and culture which can have a direct (social) impact on collective well-being. Furthermore, they must produce specific reporting of the produced social impact, enjoying also some tax benefits. In 2020 more than 200 SIAVS are registered in Italy, more than doubled with respect to 2015. This work is concerned with the empirical analysis of innovative companies focused in funding and implementing solutions to social, cultural, or environmental issues. Specifically, the aim of the paper is to investigate what are the relevant factors for the arise of SIAVS in Italy. The response variable is based on the number of active social startups in Italian provinces while the set of explanatory variables is composed by economic and demographic indicators at the provincial level. Generalized linear models (GLM) for discrete outcomes are applied and compared, even taking into account the zero-inflated issue arising due to the distribution of these particular data.
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Păunescu, Carmen, Katri-Liis Lepik, and Nicholas Spencer. "Introduction: An Overview of the Research." In Innovation, Technology, and Knowledge Management, 1–8. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-84044-0_1.
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AbstractThe ambition for this book is to demonstrate how higher education institutions (HEIs) can respond to societal challenges, support positive social change and influence the international public discourse on social innovation. It attempts to answer the question, ‘how does the present higher education system, in different countries, promote social innovation and create social change and impact’. In answering this question, the book identifies factors driving success as well as obstacles. The book offers suggestions about how the present system can be improved both based on existing data and international literature on social innovation in higher education. The book presents a selected set of peer reviewed chapters presenting different perspectives against which relevant actors can identify and analyse social innovation in HEIs.
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Koushede, Vibeke, and Robert Donovan. "Applying Salutogenesis in Community-Wide Mental Health Promotion." In The Handbook of Salutogenesis, 479–90. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-79515-3_44.
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AbstractThis chapter highlights the relevance of mental health as a resource and risk for population health and describes mental health problems and related financial and social implications for society, which has led to an increased focus on prevention of mental health problems in health policy lately. Using the river metaphor of salutogenesis and a mental health ease–disease continuum, mental health is seen not as a stable trait but rather as a constant process, which needs to be protected and promoted. Thus, mental health promotion is foremost focused on protective factors and promoting mental health resources at different levels of society and is relevant to everyone.The authors also present and describe the ‘Act-Belong-Commit’/‘ABCs of Mental Health’ Campaign, a world-first comprehensive, population-wide, community-based mental health promotion campaign designed to promote mental health and prevent mental ill health.
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Al-Moosa, Abdulrasool, and Keith McLachlan. "Social Factors Relevant to Immigrant Workers." In Immigrant Labour in Kuwait, 26–59. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315163055-3.
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"Behavior-Relevant Ecological Factors: M. Powell Lawton." In Social Structure and Aging, 68–104. Psychology Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203771228-8.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Relevant social factors"
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Zannier, Carmen, and Frank Maurer. "Social Factors Relevant to Capturing Design Decisions." In Second Workshop on Sharing and Reusing Architectural Knowledge - Architecture, Rationale, and Design Intent (SHARK/ADI'07: ICSE Workshops 2007). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/shark-adi.2007.12.
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Zhang, Ruihan. "Design of lnteractive Experience on Participatory Art Based on Art Brut Form." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001880.
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As a mainstream art form of public art, socially-engaged participatory art takes art as an intervention means to stimulate the public's thinking on relevant social issues. With the expansion of the influence of participatory art in society, relevant problems are gradually emerging. The form of public participation is still limited, the sense of participation is not strong enough, and the acceptance of content is not high enough. The problem behind it mainly comes from the disconnection between social participatory art and regional culture, and the poor interaction with local residents. To solve these problems, improving the way of interactive experience plays an important role in enhancing the public's artistic participation and conveying the core ideas of artistic works. The Art Brut has the characteristics that the creator completes the works with the impulse of personal inspiration and the release of emotions in the creator’s heart. It does not limit the form of artistic expression, and calls on participants without artistic training to express their feelings about things in a direct way. At the spiritual level, it pursues independence and freedom, so it is more easily accepted by the public. By analyzing the examples of Art Brut involved in participatory art, comparing relevant information, analyzing the interactive mode, public participation and implementation of social participatory art projects, this project aims to seek the coincidence points between Art Brut and social participatory art.
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Fischer, Heiko. "Effects of Social Media on B2B Sales." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002278.
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Social Media already plays an essential role in the business-to-consumer (B2C) environment. Platforms such as LinkedIn, Facebook, Twitter, or Instagram are successfully applied in B2C sales to attract new customers. The usage of social media in B2C sales is profoundly analyzed. However, scholars imply that there exist fundamental differences to the application in business-to-business (B2B). On the one side, social media in sales gains increasing attention from B2B companies that seek practical advice for using social media in sales. On the other side, scholars imply that there is limited knowledge on applying social media in B2B sales. Against this backdrop, our paper presents an overview of recent research on social media in B2B sales.Therefore, we conduct research focused on social media in B2B sales. We search in scientific databases such as Business Source Premier, Science Direct, Emerald, Springer Online Library, Wiley Online Library, and Google Scholar to identify relevant literature to this highly topical research theme. Based on our literature research, our paper aims to answer two research questions: What is social media, and how can it be applied in the B2B sales process? What are the effects of social media on B2B sales?To answer our first research question, we provide definitions of social media and explain its application in B2B sales. Additionally, this section describes recent developments of social media and social CRM. This first section will build the fundament for our further research on social media in B2B sales.To answer our second research question, we try to determine how social media affects the sales practices within the B2B sales process. Therefore, we analyze the identified literature in detail. We can find out three main effects of social media on B2B sales based on this. First, the information situation is changing and leading to new challenges in sales. Second, social media profoundly changes the relationships between customers and sales. Third, social customer relationship management must be established as a new management approach to meet the customers’ new requirements. Afterward, we present a discussion on social media in B2B sales, summarize our results, and present relevant future research questions.Summing up, our proposed paper gives a profound overview of social media and how it can be applied in B2B sales along the sales cycle. It investigates the main effects on B2B sales by presenting three key changes. Our paper closes with a discussion that suggests future research questions and advice to B2B companies.
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Neerdael, Bernard. "Factors Affecting Public and Political Acceptance for the Implementation of Geological Disposal." In The 11th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2007-7195.
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The main objective of this paper is to identify conditions which affect public concern (either increase or decrease) and political acceptance for developing and implementing programmes for geologic disposal of long-lived radioactive waste. It also looks how citizens and relevant actors can be associated in the decision making process in such a way that their input is enriching the outcome towards a more socially robust and sustainable solution. Finally, it aims at learning from the interaction how to optimise risk management addressing needs and expectations of the public and of other relevant stakeholders. In order to meet these objectives, factors of relevance for societal acceptance conditions are identified, described and analysed. Subsequently these factors are looked for in the real world of nuclear waste management through cases in several countries. The analysis is conducted for six stages of a repository programme and implementation process, from policy development to the realisation of the repository itself. The diversity of characteristics of such contexts increases insight in the way society and values of reference are influencing technological decision making. These interrelated factors need to be integrated in step by step decision making processes as emerging the last years in HLW disposal management. In the conclusions, the effect of each factor on acceptance is derived from the empirical record. In the course of carrying out this analysis, it became clear that acceptance had a different meaning in the first three stages of the process, more generic and therefore mainly discussed at policy level and the other stages, by nature more site-specific, and therefore requesting both public and political acceptance. Experience as clearly addressed in this report has shown that a feasible solution has its technical dimension but that “an acceptable solution” always will have a combined technical and social dimension. If the paper provides tentative answers to the central question how factors affect public and political acceptance, it also aims at illustrating the added value of broadening the technical dimension with social dialogue and insight in value judgements.
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Smorkalova, Tatiana. "Social-Psychological Adaptation and Aggressiveness in Early Adolescence." In The Public/Private in Modern Civilization, the 22nd Russian Scientific-Practical Conference (with international participation) (Yekaterinburg, April 16-17, 2020). Liberal Arts University – University for Humanities, Yekaterinburg, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35853/ufh-public/private-2020-46.
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The article contains empirical findings regarding the correlation between aggressiveness and social-psychological adaptation in adolescents. In today’s world, the issue of aggression and violence remains relevant. To date, the world has faced a complex situation due to economic, ecological, and social problems, which preconditions a rapid rise in human aggressive behaviour. The issue of aggressive behaviour is of particular urgency among adolescents. Many of the factors underlying aggression in adolescence have not yet been sufficiently substantiated in the scientific community. Such insufficiently studied phenomena include the correlation between aggressiveness and social-psychological adaptation. Social-psychological adaptation means a personal state allowing to attain mutual contentment of a person and social environment. Empirical findings have revealed a correlation between aggressiveness and social-psychological adaptation. It was found that the more aggression and its various forms are expressed, the more maladaptivity is manifested in young adolescents. However, positive associations were found between forms of aggression and components of adolescent socio- psychological adjustment. In this case, aggression can act as a compensating factor for maladaptation. Further studies of the correlation between aggressiveness and social-psychological adaptation comprises, firstly, research into gender differences in the correlation between aggressiveness and social-psychological adaptation, and secondly, studies in other ages and social groups of respondents.
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Ercoli, Sebastiano, Andrea Ratti, and Silvia Piardi. "Water-based Public Transport Accessibility.A Case Study in theInternal Waters of Northern Italy." In Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics Conference. AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe100719.
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Accessibility to public transport systems is a key factor for the social inclusion and quality of life of people with disabilities. This paper presents an analysis of the accessibility of the water public transport service run by Navigazione Laghi on lakes Maggiore, Como and Garda in Northern Italy. The study is focused on ‘water buses’, namely small ferries operating on short, scheduled routes, with one or two decks, that do not transport vehicles and that are not equipped with bed cabins. In particular, as a case study, this paper examines a ferry of the series Airone, 24 m passenger-only units built in 2008‒2011. These units are relevant because they represent about 10% of the whole fleet of Navigazione Laghi.
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Löcker, Ann-Kathrin, Denise Eraßme, Eva-Maria Jakobs, Anne Kathrin Schaar, André Calero Valdez, and Martina Ziefle. "Yet Another Platform? Motivational Factors for Using Online Communities in Business Contexts." In Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics Conference. AHFE International, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe100443.
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As a consequence of ongoing globalization processes and demographic change, many small and medium-sized companies face the problem of knowledge loss. To counteract this, companies are adopting Web 2.0 applications to accumulate and store the knowledge of their employees. However, little is known about the circumstances under which employees are willing to invest time in social media as a part of their work routine. Thus, this paper introduces an exploratory case study focusing the motivational factors that influence the use of an online expert community in business context. The results of the performed focus groups and interviews show that particularly intrinsic motivational factors are considered to be relevant. The attitude towards extrinsic motivational factors and related tangible motivational factors is highly controversial, whereas intangible motivational factors such as social and organizational motivational factors seem to have a positive impact on the motivation to use an intra-organizational online communities (OC). Supplementary motivational factors mentioned by the interviewees refer to the platform itself. Overall, the results indicate that the implementation of Web 2.0 applications in business contexts requires a tailored incentive system that suits to the company-specific requirements and takes into account the employees’ needs.
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Natividad Gómez, Patricia, and Milton Otiniano Quispe. "Relevant Factors That Intervene In World Happiness, Analysis Of Countries With High Happiness And Low Gdp." In The 19th LACCEI International Multi-Conference for Engineering, Education, and Technology: “Prospective and trends in technology and skills for sustainable social development” “Leveraging emerging technologies to construct the future”. Latin American and Caribbean Consortium of Engineering Institutions, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18687/laccei2021.1.1.303.
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Romashenko, Tatyana, Anna Kisova, and Irina Gersonskaya. "Social innovations as a tool to implement state sustainable development policy." In Human resource management within the framework of realisation of national development goals and strategic objectives. Dela Press Publishing House, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56199/dpcsebm.xjzw1453.
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The article is intended to study social innovations as a tool of state sustainability strategy promoting development of human potential and improved quality of life. To achieve this goal, the methods of scientific cognition were used: dialectic, analysis and synthesis, generalization, comparisons. The research is based on studying relevant scientific and periodic economic literature. The research found out that the primary forms of social innovations are social enterprise, social entrepreneurship, social cooperation, social partnership, social contract. However, the process of replicating and scaling social innovations in Russia is slow due to negative objective and subjective factors. Most important of them include no single regulatory framework, irregular development of certain areas of the country, insufficient resources, deficient budgets of many Russian Federation constituents, etc. Therefore, the determinant of diffusion of social innovations must be efficient socio-innovative state policy that will use alternative means, methods and practices to reduce social tension in the society, increase real income of the population, which must finally result in expanded reproduction of all results and factors of economic growth as well as sustainable regional development. The novelty of the paper is justification of social innovation forms that act as an efficient tool of the state sustainable development strategy.
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Rala, Silvia, and Ana Paula Gaspar. "The Design Process, from Individual Thinking to Collective Social." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001398.
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In contemporary society, Social Design practices are crucial for the operability of aggregative solutions. Developing efficient and effective solutions that meet and enhance social needs and responsibilities, combining a greater number of values shared by different sets of individuals. In this way, the creative community must reflect on the behavioral patterns and the way to create and manage solutions able to perspective the agglutination of contexts, for this, different methods and options may be considered in the search for knowledge of experiences and ways of acting, according to social and cultural trends.This article aims to understand how the creation process influences and interconnects individual and collective thinking, in which the context of individuality and diversity is present in the analysis of the problem and, consequently, should be present in the elaboration of the design solution directed to social groups, sometimes also multicultural.These groups of people connected by a common interest, according to Godin (2013), can be considered tribes. Aware or not, the individual is part of many tribes. Tribes without unitary leader identification but create value and effects in society and in the market. In the past, one of the main factors influencing the constitution of tribes was geography. However, the globalization process has expanded and accelerated the number of tribes, which can have relevant power, but often an ephemeral character. Given the constant adaptation of ways of being, thinking, and feeling, the thought process must integrate and identify behavioral and relational models. In this sense, the development and experimentation of design must be associated with an awareness of culture and group unification. The analysis process from individual to collective must develop an exploration and critical evaluation in the face of the groups and multiculturalism. This fact encourages the applicability of Social Design, in order to guide reflection and the development of solutions framed in the multigroup problem.Creating products and services with a cultural link and with symbolic and emotional connections, according to Krucken (2009), is a challenge, considering that the final configuration of the product is a combination between essence and personality, defined consciously or not.In this framework, function (the essence) and form (the personality) play a crucial role in visualizing and strategically anticipating decision-making and design choices.Thus, considering the group individuality and group immensity, our goal is to identify models, to assess weaknesses and/or potential for success or failure, in the applicability of the process and the framing of the result in collective nuclei with identity particularities, as well as, the role that Social Design can play as a synergy binder in the thought process and the final result. The methodology will be based on a case study and literature review.
Reports on the topic "Relevant social factors"
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Hilbrecht, Margo, David Baxter, Alexander V. Graham, and Maha Sohail. Research Expertise and the Framework of Harms: Social Network Analysis, Phase One. GREO, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33684/2020.006.
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In 2019, the Gambling Commission announced a National Strategy to Reduce Gambling Harms. Underlying the strategy is the Framework of Harms, outlined in Measuring gambling-related harms: A framework for action. "The Framework" adopts a public health approach to address gambling-related harm in Great Britain across multiple levels of measurement. It comprises three primary factors and nine related subfactors. To advance the National Strategy, all componentsneed to be supported by a strong evidence base. This report examines existing research expertise relevant to the Framework amongacademics based in the UK. The aim is to understand the extent to which the Framework factors and subfactors have been studied in order to identify gaps in expertise and provide evidence for decision making thatisrelevant to gambling harms research priorities. A social network analysis identified coauthor networks and alignment of research output with the Framework. The search strategy was limited to peer-reviewed items and covered the 12-year period from 2008 to 2019. Articles were selected using a Web of Science search. Of the 1417 records identified in the search, the dataset was refined to include only those articles that could be assigned to at least one Framework factor (n = 279). The primary factors and subfactors are: Resources:Work and Employment, Money and Debt, Crime;Relationships:Partners, Families and Friends, Community; and Health:Physical Health, Psychological Distress, and Mental Health. We used Gephi software to create visualisations reflecting degree centrality (number of coauthor networks) so that each factor and subfactor could be assessed for the density of research expertise and patterns of collaboration among coauthors. The findings show considerable variation by framework factor in the number of authors and collaborations, suggesting a need to develop additional research capacity to address under-researched areas. The Health factor subcategory of Mental Health comprised almost three-quarters of all citations, with the Resources factor subcategory of Money and Debt a distant second at 12% of all articles. The Relationships factor, comprised of two subfactors, accounted for less than 10%of total articles. Network density varied too. Although there were few collaborative networks in subfactors such as Community or Work and Employment, all Health subfactors showed strong levels of collaboration. Further, some subfactors with a limited number of researchers such as Partners, Families, and Friends and Money and debt had several active collaborations. Some researchers’ had publications that spanned multiple Framework factors. These multiple-factor researchers usually had a wide range of coauthors when compared to those who specialised (with the exception of Mental Health).Others’ collaborations spanned subfactors within a factor area. This was especially notable forHealth. The visualisations suggest that gambling harms research expertise in the UK has considerable room to grow in order to supporta more comprehensive, locally contextualised evidence base for the Framework. To do so, priority harms and funding opportunities will need further consideration. This will require multi-sector and multidisciplinary collaboration consistent with the public health approach underlying the Framework. Future research related to the present analysis will explore the geographic distribution of research activity within the UK, and research collaborations with harms experts internationally.
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Journeay, M., J. Z. K. Yip, C. L. Wagner, P. LeSueur, and T. Hobbs. Social vulnerability to natural hazards in Canada. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/330295.
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While we are exposed to the physical effects of natural hazard processes, certain groups within a community often bear a disproportionate share of the negative consequences when a disaster strikes. This study addresses questions of why some places and population groups in Canada are more vulnerable to natural hazard processes than others, who is most likely to bear the greatest burden of risk within a given community or region, and what are the underlying factors that disproportionally affect the capacities of individuals and groups to withstand, cope with, and recover from the impacts and downstream consequences of a disaster. Our assessment of social vulnerability is based on principles and analytic methods established as part of the Hazards of Place model (Hewitt et al., 1971; Cutter, 1996), and a corresponding framework of indicators derived from demographic information compiled as part of the 2016 national census. Social determinants of hazard threat are evaluated in the context of backbone patterns that are associated with different types of human settlement (i.e., metropolitan, rural, and remote), and more detailed patterns of land use that reflect physical characteristics of the built environment and related functions that support the day-to-day needs of residents and businesses at the community level. Underlying factors that contribute to regional patterns of social vulnerability are evaluated through the lens of family structure and level of community connectedness (social capital); the ability of individuals and groups to take actions on their own to manage the outcomes of unexpected hazard events (autonomy); shelter conditions that will influence the relative degree of household displacement and reliance on emergency services (housing); and the economic means to sustain the requirements of day-to-day living (e.g., shelter, food, water, basic services) during periods of disruption that can affect employment and other sources of income (financial agency). Results of this study build on and contribute to ongoing research and development efforts within Natural Resources Canada (NRCan) to better understand the social and physical determinants of natural hazard risk in support of emergency management and broader dimensions of disaster resilience planning that are undertaken at a community level. Analytic methods and results described in this study are made available as part of an Open Source platform and provide a base of evidence that will be relevant to emergency planners, local authorities and supporting organizations responsible for managing the immediate physical impacts of natural hazard events in Canada, and planners responsible for the integration of disaster resilience principles into the broader context of sustainable land use and community development at the municipal level.
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TARAKANOVA, V., A. ROMANENKO, and T. TROITSKAYA. FACTORS AND RISKS OF ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY OF THE CITIES OF THE MOSCOW REGION. Science and Innovation Center Publishing House, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/2077-1770-2022-14-2-2-19-29.
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In this paper it’s the first time the authors have reviewed linguistic literature (2008-2022) devoted to the problem of literary and electronic hypertext. The purpose of the paper is to review linguistic literature and identify the current state of the problem of literary and electronic hypertext. Materials and methods. On the basis of this purpose we reviewed 42 scientific papers published in 2008-2022 and representing the results of linguistic research of literary and electronic hypertext. For our study we used an analytical and descriptive method, which is traditional for linguistics and allows us to solve the tasks set in our paper. Results. A review of linguistic papers has shown that hypertext is a relevant subject of linguistic research. Scientists propose various definitions of this concept; consider it as a “special information and communication environment”. Many studies are devoted to literary (fiction and non-fiction) hypertext, however, a much larger number of papers are devoted to various aspects of electronic hypertext, including electronic fiction hypertext and electronic hypertext of some genres (news genres, online advertising, social network and online diary community as well as websites). We consider that it is the electronic environment where hypertext is implemented in all its functions. Practical implications. The results of the study can be used as a theoretical basis for further theoretical and practical study of various aspects of literary and electronic hypertext.
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Abebe, Heran, and Getachew Belaineh. Key Considerations: Social Science Perspectives for Emergency Response to the Conflict in Northern Ethiopia. SSHAP, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2022.031.
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Ethiopia is currently experiencing several intersecting humanitarian crises including conflict, climatic shocks, COVID-19, desert locust infestation and more. These intersecting crises are affecting nearly 30 million people and resulting in food insecurity, displacement and protection risks. As of February 2022, over 2.5 million people were estimated to have been displaced as a result of the ongoing conflict-driven humanitarian crisis in the Northern Ethiopian regions of Tigray, Amhara and Afar that began in November 2020. As of May 2022, 9.4 million were in need of humanitarian aid in the region. Private and public assets have been destroyed, already fragile livelihoods damaged, and communities left in dire need of support. This brief outlines important contextual factors and social impacts of the Northern Ethiopian crisis and offers key considerations to improve the effectiveness of the humanitarian response. It is based on a rapid review of existing published and grey literature and conversations with relevant stakeholders, including people from affected regions and humanitarian responders. This brief is part of a series authored by participants from the SSHAP Fellowship and was written by Heran Abebe and Getachew Belaineh from Cohort 2. It was reviewed by Ezana Amdework (Addis Ababa University), Kelemework Tafere (Mekelle University), and Yomif Worku (independent humanitarian advisor), and was supported by Tabitha Hrynick from the SSHAP team at the Institute of Development Studies. The brief is the responsibility of the SSHAP.
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Ndulu, Benno, Cornel Joseph, and Karline Tryphone. Fiscal Regimes and Digital Transformation in Sub-Saharan Africa. Digital Pathways at Oxford, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-dp-wp_2021/01.
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In this paper we investigate how the fiscal authorities, through tax policies or fiscal incentives, can play an important role in supporting digitalisation of the economy (digital transformation) to exploit its opportunities. Our approach is to track the influence of these policies indirectly through relevant determinants of internet adoption (connectivity and user enablers). Hence, we first establish empirically the influence of these enablers on internet use by estimating a reduced form equation of determinants of internet adoption (both demand- and supply-side factors). Then we assess the influence of a country’s fiscal policy stance on some of these enablers or determinants (direction and extent) throughout the internet value chain. Using these transmission mechanisms, we estimate the influence of the fiscal regime on digitalisation. We draw on our own empirical analysis and other relevant studies to support our recommendations to the fiscal authorities. Our findings emphasise the importance of trade-offs between short-term revenue objectives and the longer-term opportunity costs of higher revenue, enabled by the large positive externality effects of the sector, generating higher social returns than those accruing privately.
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Vlaicu, Razvan, and Philip Keefer. Employee Trust and Performance Constraints in Public Sector Organizations. Inter-American Development Bank, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004456.
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Theory suggests that employee trust is key to productivity in organizations, but empirical evidence documenting links between trust and constraints on performance is scarce. This paper analyzes self-collected data on public sector employees from eighteen Latin American countries and finds that individual-level trust is relevant to three types of performance factors. First, high-trust employees are more willing to collaborate and share information with coworkers and are more supportive of technological innovation. Second, high-trust respondents have different perceptions of organizational constraints: they are less concerned with low staff quality or lack of discretion to innovate, and more concerned with staff shortages. Third, trust in coworkers is associated with stronger mission motivation. Instrumental variable strategies based on the transmission of trust through social and professional channels account for potential sources of endogeneity. A survey experiment on preferences for social distancing policies provides further evidence that trust enhances mission motivation: employee policy preferences align better with the implied government policy when their trust in the public sector is higher.
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Keefer, Philip, and Razvan Vlaicu. Employee Trust and Performance Constraints in Public Sector Organizations. Inter-American Development Bank, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004596.
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Theory suggests that employee trust is key to productivity in organizations, but empirical evidence documenting links between trust and constraints on performance is scarce. This paper analyzes self-collected data on public sector employees from eighteen Latin American countries and finds that individual-level trust is relevant to three types of performance factors. First, high-trust employees are more willing to collaborate and share information with coworkers and are more supportive of technological innovation. Second, high-trust respondents have different perceptions of organizational constraints: they are less concerned with low staff quality or lack of discretion to innovate, and more concerned with staff shortages. Third, trust in coworkers is associated with stronger mission motivation. Instrumental variable strategies based on the transmission of trust through social and professional channels account for potential sources of endogeneity. A survey experiment on preferences for social distancing policies provides further evidence that trust enhances mission motivation: employee policy preferences align better with the implied government policy when their trust in the public sector is higher.
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Denaro, Desirée. How Do Disruptive Innovators Prepare Today's Students to Be Tomorrow's Workforce?: Scholas' Approach to Engage Youth. Inter-American Development Bank, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0002899.
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The lack of motivation and sense of community within schools have proven to be the two most relevant factors behind the decision to drop out. Despite the notable progress made in school access in countries in Latin America and the Caribbean, dropping out of school has still been a problem. This paper explores Scholas Occurrentes pedagogical approach to address these dropouts. Scholas focuses on the voice of students. It seeks to act positively on their motivation by listening to them, creating spaces for discussion, and strengthening soft skills and civic engagement. Scholas aims to enhance the sense of community within schools by gathering students from different social and economic backgrounds and involving teachers, families, and societal actors. This will break down the walls between schools and the whole community. This paper presents Scholas work with three examples from Paraguay, Haiti, and Argentina. It analyzes the positive impacts that Scholas' intervention had on the participants. Then, it focuses on future challenges regarding the scalability and involvement of the institutions in the formulation of new public policies. The approach highlights the participatory nature of education and the importance of all actors engagement.
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Krhutová, Lenka, Petr Šaloun, Kamila Vondroušová, Marcela Dabrowská, Zdeněk Velart, David Andrešič, and Miroslav Paulíček. Výzkum a vývoj podpůrných sítí a informačních systémů pro neformální pečující o osoby po cévních mozkových příhodách. Ostravská univerzita, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15452/vsouhrntacr.2021.
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The summary research report describes and summarizes the goals, course and results of the TAČR–VISNEP project. The aim of the experimental development project was to create an information system (IS) for informal carers (ICs) for a person after stroke using modern information technologies in the technical and non-technical spheres of research. IS will allow users to obtain relevant, timely and interconnected information on support networks to prevent their possible social isolation and exclusion, physical and psychological exhaustion, health disorders and other risk factors in their difficult life situation. The purpose of IS is to contribute to improved awareness of ICs support systems across other long-term care providers, in particular public administration, general practitioners etc. The intent of the project was to create and verify a pilot model of IS in Moravian-Silesian Region, which can subsequently be applied in other regions and / or other target ICs groups. The presented results of the project are based on data obtained by research procedures of qualitative and quantitative methodology in the process of agile software development.
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Quak, Evert-jan. The Drivers of Acute Food Insecurity and the Risk of Famine. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.132.
Full textAbstract:
This rapid review synthesises the literature from academic, policy, and knowledge institution sources on the drivers of acute food insecurity and famines with a focus on key FCDO-partner countries. This review builds further on evidence already collected in other K4D helpdesk reports. The main conclusion of this rapid review is that the drivers of acute food insecurity are complex, often involving multiple and interrelated factors. The drivers for chronical food insecurity and acute food insecurity cannot be separated entirely from each other, as the evidence shows that slow-onset determinants of food insecurity could play a critical role during an event (or multiple events) that could trigger a food emergency. The literature shows that the political economy (e.g. food system governance or preparedness of institutions to disasters) and socioeconomic dynamics (e.g. shaping demand and supply of food) have become more relevant factors in any analysis on the drivers of acute food insecurity, acute malnutrition, and famine. This coincides with a shift in the literature away from global drivers of food insecurity and malnutrition toward localised dynamics on the national and sub-national level. The analytical framework of Howe (2018) that captures this complexity distinguishes pressure, hold, and self-reinforcing dynamics as key dimensions that explain potential pathways for famine. These could be political-induced, natural-induced, economical-induced, or socially induced, but most often a combination. Based on this framework and supported by the evidence from the literature, this rapid review assesses conflicts and protracted crises; climate change and pressure on natural resources; social inequalities; and economic shocks and food prices, as the key drivers of acute food insecurity and famine. Importantly, from the literature it seems clear that acute food insecurity is the result of changing vulnerabilities that link with different coping mechanisms of households and communities.