Academic literature on the topic 'Relaxation time'

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Journal articles on the topic "Relaxation time"

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Sun, Nanjian, and Charles E. Frazier. "Time/temperature equivalence in the dry wood creep response." Holzforschung 61, no. 6 (November 1, 2007): 702–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf.2007.114.

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Abstract Rheology of wood molecular and supramolecular organization has mostly been conducted with dynamic methods, and the application of time/temperature equivalence typically requires plasticizers to observe segmental relaxation. Dry wood rheology offers the experimental advantage of easy moisture control, but only weak secondary relaxations are observed with dynamic methods. Static methods allow for the longer relaxation times in glassy polymers, and these relaxations are strongly stimulated by lower less damaging temperatures. This study describes the application of creep mode time/temperature equivalence to dry yellow-poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera) and southern yellow pine (Pinus spp.). It was found that time/temperature equivalence was valid from 10–170°C, but only for specimens that received a prior 30-min thermal treatment (with minor desiccation) in the range of 100–170°C. The two woods exhibited clear differences in the temperature dependence of the dry wood creep relaxation, and in the sensitivity to free volume manipulation. These findings are believed to reflect polymer structural differences in hardwoods and softwoods indicating that creep mode time/temperature studies of dry wood may be useful for the analysis of xylem polymer behavior.
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Suh, Daewoong, and Reinhold H. Dauskardt. "Mechanical Relaxation Time Scales in a Zr–Ti–Ni–Cu–Be Bulk Metallic Glass." Journal of Materials Research 17, no. 6 (June 2002): 1254–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2002.0188.

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The relaxation time scales in a commercial-grade Zr41.25Ti13.75Ni10Cu12.5Be22.5 (at.%) bulk metallic glass were examined using transient and dynamic mechanical experiments. The viscoelastic and sub-Tg relaxations were well described by the Kohlrausch–Williams–Watts relaxation function. A large activation energy (4.0 eV) and small nonexponentiality parameter (approximately 0.5) were observed for viscoelastic relaxation above Tg consistent with the cooperative nature of atomic movements leading ultimately to viscous flow. Conversely, a small activation energy (0.1 eV) and large nonexponentiality parameter (approximately 0.9) were observed for the sub-Tg relaxation suggesting localized atomic adjustments which may involve different structural units or mechanisms. The glass transition was manifested as a decoupling of the sub-Tg and viscoelastic relaxation. The resulting transition temperature determined at a selected time scale was in agreement with the value obtained from calorimetric studies.
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Sudo, Seiichi, Naoki Shinyashiki, Yusuke Kitsuki, and Shin Yagihara. "Dielectric Relaxation Time and Relaxation Time Distribution of Alcohol−Water Mixtures." Journal of Physical Chemistry A 106, no. 3 (January 2002): 458–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp013117y.

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Kaldoudi, Eleni, and Steve C. R. Williams. "Relaxation time measurements in NMR imaging. Part I: Longitudinal relaxation time." Concepts in Magnetic Resonance 5, no. 3 (July 1993): 217–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cmr.1820050303.

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Shan, Xiaowen, Xuhui Li, and Yangyang Shi. "A multiple-relaxation-time collision model by Hermite expansion." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 379, no. 2208 (August 30, 2021): 20200406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2020.0406.

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The Bhatnagar–Gross–Krook (BGK) single-relaxation-time collision model for the Boltzmann equation serves as the foundation of the lattice BGK (LBGK) method developed in recent years. The description of the collision as a uniform relaxation process of the distribution function towards its equilibrium is, in many scenarios, simplistic. Based on a previous series of papers, we present a collision model formulated as independent relaxations of the irreducible components of the Hermite coefficients in the reference frame moving with the fluid. These components, corresponding to the irreducible representation of the rotation group, are the minimum tensor components that can be separately relaxed without violating rotation symmetry. For the 2nd, 3rd and 4th moments, respectively, two, two and three independent relaxation rates can exist, giving rise to the shear and bulk viscosity, thermal diffusivity and some high-order relaxation process not explicitly manifested in the Navier–Stokes-Fourier equations. Using the binomial transform, the Hermite coefficients are evaluated in the absolute frame to avoid the numerical dissipation introduced by interpolation. Extensive numerical verification is also provided. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Progress in mesoscale methods for fluid dynamics simulation’.
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Stephanovich, V. A., M. D. Glinchuk, and B. Hilczer. "Relaxation time distribution function." Ferroelectrics 240, no. 1 (January 2000): 1495–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00150190008227975.

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Ikeda, Harukuni. "Relaxation time below jamming." Journal of Chemical Physics 153, no. 12 (September 28, 2020): 126102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0024042.

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Paulson, K. S., S. Jouravleva, and C. N. McLeod. "Dielectric relaxation time spectroscopy." IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering 47, no. 11 (2000): 1510–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/10.880103.

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Ristaniemi, Aapo, Dristi Regmi, Diponkor Mondal, Jari Torniainen, Petri Tanska, Lauri Stenroth, Mikko A. J. Finnilä, Juha Töyräs, and Rami K. Korhonen. "Structure, composition and fibril-reinforced poroviscoelastic properties of bovine knee ligaments and patellar tendon." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 18, no. 174 (January 2021): 20200737. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2020.0737.

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Tissue-level stress-relaxation of ligaments and tendons in the toe region is characterized by fast and long-term relaxations and an increase in relaxation magnitude with strain. Characterizing the compositional and structural origins of these phenomena helps in the understanding of mechanisms of ligament and tendon function and adaptation in health and disease. A three-step tensile stress-relaxation test was conducted on dumbbell-shaped pieces of bovine knee ligaments and patellar tendon (PT) ( n = 10 knees). Their mechanical behaviour was characterized by a fibril-reinforced poroviscoelastic material model, able to describe characteristic times and magnitudes of fast and long-term relaxations. The crimp angle and length of tissues were measured with polarized light microscopy, while biochemical contents were determined by colorimetric biochemical methods. The long-term relaxation time was longer in the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and PT compared with collateral ligaments ( p < 0.05). High hydroxyproline content predicted greater magnitude and shorter time of both fast and long-term relaxation. High uronic acid content predicted longer time of long-term relaxation, whereas high crimp angle predicted higher magnitude of long-term relaxation. ACL and PT are better long-term stabilizers than collateral ligaments. The long-term relaxation behaviour is affected or implied by proteoglycans and crimp angle, possibly relating to slow structural reorganization of the tissue.
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Holloway, R. H., R. Penagini, and A. C. Ireland. "Criteria for objective definition of transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxation." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 268, no. 1 (January 1, 1995): G128—G133. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1995.268.1.g128.

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We developed and evaluated objective manometric criteria that define transient lower esophageal sphincter (LES) relaxation. In 23 normal subjects and 9 patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease, systematic analysis of swallow-induced LES relaxation showed that dry swallows preceded LES relaxation by a median of 1.4 s. The relaxation rate was always > 1 mmHg/s, the relaxation nadir always occurred within 7 s, and the duration of relaxation was < 9 s. During concurrent esophageal manometry and pH monitoring, 104 reflux episodes associated with a LES pressure fall that was not related to swallowing were identified and the pressure falls classified as transient LES relaxations or not by visual recognition. LES pressure was always < or = 2 mmHg at time of reflux, and relaxation was significantly longer than for swallow-induced LES relaxation. Of 88 pressure falls classified visually as transient LES relaxations, 90% reached nadir pressure within 7 s at a rate of > 1 mmHg/s. Sixteen pressure falls were classified as a gradual downward drift in LES pressure, which in 15 cases was < 1 mmHg/s. Based on the analysis, transient LES relaxation can be defined by 1) absence of swallowing for 4 s before to 2 s after the onset of LES relaxation, 2) relaxation rate of > or = 1 mmHg/s, 3) time from onset to complete relaxation of < or = 10 s, and 4) nadir pressure of < or = 2 mmHg.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Relaxation time"

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Valivarthi, Mohan Varma, and Hema Chandra Babu Muthyala. "A Finite Element Time Relaxation Method." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för Informationsvetenskap, Data– och Elektroteknik (IDE), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-17728.

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In our project we discuss a finite element time-relaxation method for high Reynolds number flows. The key idea consists of using local projections on polynomials defined on macro element of each pair of two elements sharing a face. We give the formulation for the scalar convection–diffusion equation and a numerical illustration.
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Jouravleva, Svetlana. "Dielectric relaxation time spectroscopy for tissue characterisation." Thesis, Oxford Brookes University, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.364927.

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Worsley, Richard Edward. "Time-resolved relaxation processes in quantum wells." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.295867.

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KUMAR, VINAYAK. "ANALOG SIMULATION TIME REDUCTION BASED ON VARIABLE TOLERANCE RELAXATION." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1163019325.

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Beyea, Steven Donald. "Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and relaxation time mapping of concrete." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/NQ65451.pdf.

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Ye, Yufeng 1971. "The study of long time relaxation behavior of metallocene polyethylene /." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=31081.

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The long time relaxation behavior of linear and long chain branched (LCB) metallocene polyethylene (mPE) is very important for understanding their flow properties. One linear and four LCB mPEs were studied in shear creep and recovery measurements. All the mPEs have similar molecular weight and molecular weight distribution but different levels of long chain branching. A technique was developed to eliminate the effect of non-ideal start-up at the beginning of creep experiment and the small residual stress that exists during the creep recovery period. It is found that the existence of long chain branching is responsible for the increasing of the zero shear viscosity, the steady state compliance and the longest relaxation time. The retardation and relaxation spectrums were calculated from the creep compliance. The dynamic compliance calculated using retardation spectrum is compared with that measured directly. Both are in very good agreement. These observations are compared with the molecular dynamics theory.
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Nordin, Adrian, and Simon Nylén. "Real-time Snow Simulator using Iterative-relaxation and Boundary Handling." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-21788.

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Background Physics-based snow simulation in real time is an unexplored area, the reason being the difficulty introduced by the multitude of factors that affect the snow behaviour, such as cohesion, thermodynamics, and compression. Simulating snow in real time when considering these factors can become computationally demanding. However, the continued advancement of graphics processing units makes the exploration of real-time snow simulation attractive. Recently published research on real time physics-based snow simulation shows promising results in a parallel solution and will serve as motivation and base for this thesis. Objectives This thesis aims to improve the time-step of a previously proposed method using an iterative method and improve the snow behaviour with a particle-based boundary handling implementation. The aim consists of the following objectives. Integrate an iterative method, extend the snow behaviour with additional snow types, and implement a particle-based boundary handling method with two-way coupling. The proposed method should remain comparable to the original method in terms of snow behaviour. In order to gather results, the methods are measured in performance and used in a questionnaire to analyse the behaviour. Methods An iterative method along with a particle-based boundary handling method is implemented. The methods are both measured and compared using quantitative tests. Additionally, a questionnaire is deployed to gather qualitative results about the behaviour of the snow. Results The proposed method outperforms the original method in terms of time-step size. The proposed method is capable of increasing the time-step tenfold while decreasing the execution time by approximately eight times. Finally, the results from the questionnaire verify the perceived naturalism of the snow and its comparability to the original method. Conclusions The proposed method can perform with an increased time-step and a lower execution time compared to the original method, at the cost of time spent per frame. Lastly, the snow is perceived as natural with the boundary handling method at a significance level of 1 %.
Bakgrund Fysikbaserad snösimulering i realtid är ett outforskat område, anledning till detta är mängden faktorer som påverkar snö, exempelvis sammanhållning, termodynamik och kompression. Simulering av snö i realtid som tar hänsyn till dessa faktorer kan bli beräkningsmässigt krävande, däremot har den växande utvecklingen av grafikprocessorer gjort utforskning av realtidsmetoder ytterligare attraktivt. Nyligen publicerad forskning inom fysikbaserade snösimuleringar i realtid visar lovande resultat i en parallell lösning och kommer att användas som motivering samt bas i detta examensarbete. Syfte Detta examensarbete syftar till att förbättra tidsstegen i en tidigare implementerad metod med hjälp av att använda ett iterativt tillvägagångssätt samt förbättra snöbeteendet med en partikelbaserad gränshanteringsimplementation. Syftet är uppdelat i följande mål. Integrera en iterativ metod, utöka snöbeteendet med ytterligare snötyper, och implementera en partikelbaserad gränshanteringsmetod med tvåvägskoppling. Den föreslagna metoden ska förhålla sig jämförbar med originalmetoden med avseende på snöbeteendet. Slutligen för att samla in resultat mäts metoderna i prestanda och dessutom används ett frågeformulär för att analysera beteendet. Metod En iterativ metod tillsammans med en partikelbaserad gränshanteringsmetod är implementerad. Båda metoderna mäts och jämförs med hjälp av kvantitativa tester. Dessutom distribueras ett kvalitativt frågeformulär för att samla resultat om snöns beteende.  Resultat Den föreslagna metoden tillåter större tidsteg än originalmetoden. Den iterativa metoden är kapabel till att förstora tidsstegen tiofaldigt, samtidigt som den sänker exekveringstiden till en åttondel. Resultaten verifierar den uppfattade naturligheten av snön och jämförelsebarheten till originalmetoden. Slutsatser Den föreslagna metoden kan prestera med ett större tidssteg och en lägre exekveringstid jämfört med originalet i utbyte av högre tid spenderad per bildruta. Slutligen uppfattas snön som naturlig i sammankoppling med gränshanteringsmetoden vid en signifikansnivå på 1 %.
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Shiu, Kai Pong. "Study of relaxation time of mechanically aligned polystyrene thin films /." View Abstract or Full-Text, 2003. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?PHYS%202003%20SHIU.

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Yamamoto, Takashi. "Studies on long time relaxation of multi-arm star polymers." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/148862.

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Doran, Simon John. "An exploration of the role of relaxometry in quantitative magnetic resonance imaging." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308229.

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Books on the topic "Relaxation time"

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Perfect relaxation: All you need to get it right first time. London: Arrow, 1996.

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Verdick, Elizabeth. Calm-down time. Minneapolis: Free Spirit Pub., 2010.

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Verdick, Elizabeth. Calm-down time. Minneapolis, MN: Free Spirit Pub., 2010.

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Verdick, Elizabeth. Calm-down time. Minneapolis, MN: Free Spirit Pub., 2010.

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Taking time for tea. Pownal, Vt: Storey Books, 2000.

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ill, Heinlen Marieka, ed. Calm-down time. Minneapolis: Free Spirit Pub., 2010.

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Jouravleva, Svetlana. Dielectric relaxation time spectroscopy for tissue characterisation. Oxford: Oxford Brookes University, 2001.

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Suzanne, Bober, and Cassatt Mary 1844-1926, eds. Quiet time with Cassatt. San Francisco: Chronicle Books, 2006.

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Macquet, Jean-Claude. Changer sa vie. Paris: Editions France-Empire, 1985.

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Moore, Albert Richard. The effect of an acquired relaxation technique upon response time: BA(Hons) Human Movement Studies dissertation. Cardiff: SGIHE, 1987.

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Book chapters on the topic "Relaxation time"

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Gooch, Jan W. "Relaxation Time." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 622. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_9902.

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Layton, William J., and Leo G. Rebholz. "Time Relaxation Truncates Scales." In Approximate Deconvolution Models of Turbulence, 99–120. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-24409-4_5.

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Torsello, Andrea, and Marcello Pelillo. "Continuous-Time Relaxation Labeling Processes." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 253–69. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-48432-9_18.

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Mikhailov, Alexander S., and Alexander Yu Loskutov. "Extinction and Long-Time Relaxation." In Foundations of Synergetics II, 153–69. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-97294-2_11.

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Mandal, Bankim C., and Soura Sana. "Substructuring Waveform Relaxation Methods with Time-Dependent Relaxation Parameter." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 429–40. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8061-1_34.

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Kumar, Avdhesh. "Spin Dynamics in Relaxation Time Approximation." In Springer Proceedings in Physics, 343–47. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2354-8_62.

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Howarth, Oliver. "Relaxation and Related Time-Dependent Processes." In Multinuclear NMR, 133–69. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1783-8_5.

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Khashami, Fatemeh. "Molecular Motion, Correlation, and Relaxation Time." In Fundamentals of NMR and MRI, 91–106. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-47976-2_5.

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Khashami, Fatemeh. "Bloch Equation Description Without Relaxation Time." In Fundamentals of NMR and MRI, 55–69. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-47976-2_3.

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Khashami, Fatemeh. "Bloch Equation Description with Relaxation Time." In Fundamentals of NMR and MRI, 71–89. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-47976-2_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Relaxation time"

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Cooper, Martin C., Frédéric Maris, and Pierre Régnier. "Relaxation of Temporal Planning Problems." In 2013 20th International Symposium on Temporal Representation and Reasoning (TIME). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/time.2013.28.

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Baida, Iryna, and Volodymyr Moskaliuk. "Alloy scattering relaxation time simulation." In 2017 International Conference on Information and Telecommunication Technologies and Radio Electronics (UkrMiCo). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ukrmico.2017.8095398.

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Lande, Dmytro, Andrei Snarskii, Oleh Dmytrenko, and Igor Subach. "Relaxation time in complex network." In ARES 2020: The 15th International Conference on Availability, Reliability and Security. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3407023.3409231.

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Baselice, Fabio, Giampaolo Ferraioli, and Vito Pascazio. "Relaxation time estimation in MRI." In 2012 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (2012 NSS/MIC). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nssmic.2012.6551911.

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Andreev, Alexey, Vladimir Holcman, Lubomir Grmela, and Josef Sikula. "Relaxation time in CdTe single crystals." In 2008 31st International Spring Seminar on Electronics Technology (ISSE). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isse.2008.5276484.

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Berres, Anne, Harald Obermaier, Ken Joy, and Hans Hagen. "Adaptive particle relaxation for time surfaces." In 2015 IEEE Pacific Visualization Symposium (PacificVis). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pacificvis.2015.7156371.

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Mei, Renwei, Dazhi Yu, and Wei Shyy. "Assessment of the multi-relaxation-time and single-relaxation-time models in the lattice Boltzmann equation method." In 15th AIAA Computational Fluid Dynamics Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2001-2666.

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Abdelguerfi, M., and A. Soualmia. "Dielectric relaxation in time domain reflectometry (TDR)." In 2008 International Symposium on Electrical Insulating Materials (ISEIM). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iseim.2008.4664541.

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Scher, Harvey. "Time scale invariance in transport and relaxation." In Slow dynamics in condensed matter. AIP, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.42416.

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Spławska, Agnieszka. "Measurements of relaxation time of fiber amplifiers." In SPIE Proceedings, edited by Ryszard S. Romaniuk. SPIE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.784678.

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Reports on the topic "Relaxation time"

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Mikkelsen, D. R. Current relaxation time scales in toroidal plasmas. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6678994.

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Kiv, A. E., T. I. Maximova, and V. N. Soloviov. MD Simulation of the Ion-Stimulated Relaxation in Silicon Surface Layers. [б. в.], June 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/0564/1278.

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Thus it was established that ion bombardment of silicon surface in the energy region of the threshold of elastic displacement of atoms might allow to improve structural characteristics of surface lavers and to decrease the relaxation time. Energy dependencies of radiation induced processes show a possibility to improve the real staicture of Silicon surface and to accelerate the long-term surface relaxation in microelectronic technology.
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Molotylnikova, Vira. MODERN TYPES OF BODY RELAXATION METHODS AFTER INTENSE PHYSICAL EXERTION. Intellectual Archive, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.32370/iaj.2748.

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The article presents varieties and variants of relaxation techniques advisable to use after intense physical exertion. The concept of "relaxation" and understanding of its role in physical education to maintain health and harmonious development of youth are considered. Considering the fact that one of the main trends in sports remains the increase in the intensity of training and the need to improve the results of competitions, the problem of restoring the athlete's performance capacity after physical exertion is extremely relevant today. Understanding the causes of fatigue and the physiological mechanisms of recovery, control over the relevant processes, the rational use of modern methods of body relaxation and means of recovery are important for assessing the impact of physical stress on the body, the effectiveness of training programs, identifying overtraining, determining the optimal rest time after physical exercises, and therefore, are necessary to improve the athlete's training and achieving high results.
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Clayton, Steven Michael. Spin relaxation and linear-in-electric-field frequency shift in an arbitrary, time-independent magnetic field. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1043544.

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Hertzog, Russel, Gill G. Geesey, Timothy A. White, Clifford K. Ho, Christian Straley, Traci R. Bryar, Joseph Seymour, Sarah L. Codd, and Libbie Oram. Resolving the Impact of Biological Processes on DNAPL Transport in Unsaturated Porous Media through Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Relaxation Time Measurements. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/835482.

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Hertzog, Russel, and Gill G. Geesey. Resolving the Impact of Biological Processes on DNAPL Transport in Unsaturated Porous Media through Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Relaxation Time Measurements. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/838680.

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Kiv, A. E., T. I. Maximova, and V. N. Soloviev. Microstructure of the relaxed (001) Si surface. [б. в.], December 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/0564/1245.

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We have applied molecular dynamics method and semi-empirical potential [1] to obtain the realistic picture of Si surface layers relaxation.The starting configuration was taken as a parallelepiped containing 864 atoms. There were 12 layers with 72 atoms in each one. Periodic boundary conditions were used in two dimensions. At first all atoms were in normal lattice positions. The relaxation of Si surface, which corresponds to (001) plane was investigated. MD method was applied in its standard form i.e. the equations of motion were solved by using of the central difference scheme. The time-step was 10-14s.
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8

Liao, Jian-Qiang, Darrell Shih, Tzu-Yu Lin, Meng Lee, and Cheng-Wei Lu. Appropriate dosing of sugammadex for reversal of rocuronium-/vecuronium-induced muscle relaxation in morbidly obese patients: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.4.0130.

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Review question / Objective: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to compare the effect of lower-dose sugammadex using IBW or CBW as dosing scalars, with that of standard-dose sugammadex based on TBW, on reversal time, defined as time to recovery of train of four ratio (TOFR) ≥ 0.9, among morbidly obese people after moderate or deep NMB with either rocuronium or vecuronium. Eligibility criteria: We included only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared TBW with other dosing scalars for sugammadex. Studies not published in full text articles or in languages other than English were excluded. Trials that included patients above 18 years of age and BMI more than or equal to 40 who underwent general anaesthesia with any degree of NMB induced by either rocuronium or vecuronium. Trials that evaluated TBW and other dosing scalars for sugammadex were included. We included trials that compared TBW with any other dosing scalars for sugammadex. Trials that did not include dosing based on TBW as one arm in the comparison were excluded.
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Fuentes, Nelson, Gonzalo Aguilar, and Camila Trillos. Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Formal Labor Market and the Pension System in El Salvador. Inter-American Development Bank, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004523.

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Using an impact evaluation methodology for interrupted time-series and the IDB Pension Projection Model, this study estimates that the COVID-19 pandemic could have notably effects on the private pension system in El Salvador as a consequence of the relaxation of requirements to repay early withdrawals that was established in the context of the pandemic. This fact could negatively affect passive coverage rate, system incomes, short-run system surplus and replacement rates, generating an increase in the fiscal cost. The problems of the Salvadoran pension system are structural, and the COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated them. Consequently, although it is possible to discuss policies to reduce these effects, it is necessary to frame this discussion in the context of a comprehensive reform of the system.
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Boss, Michael A., Andrew M. Dienstfrey, Zydrunas Gimbutas, Kathryn E. Keenan, Anthony B. Kos, Jolene D. Splett, Karl F. Stupic, and Stephen E. Russek. Magnetic resonance imaging biomarker calibration service: proton spin relaxation times. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, May 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.sp.250-97.

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