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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Relaxation

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Academic literature on the topic 'Relaxation'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 15 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Relaxation"

1

Bury, Peter, Peter Hockicko, and Miroslav Jamnický. "Transport and Relaxation Study of Ionic Phosphate Glasses." Advanced Materials Research 39-40 (April 2008): 111–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.39-40.111.

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Dynamic processes in glassy materials with ionic conductivity are extremely important since the ion transport significantly affects their practical performance. Conductivity measurement and dielectric relaxation spectroscopy are powerful techniques that reflect the essential features of the transport and relaxational dynamics of the mobile ions that encounter different kinds of site and ionic hopping motion connected with charge mobility. Acoustic spectroscopy is another technique for the study of relaxations in glasses. In this contribution the acoustic and electrical relaxation processes are compared on identical ionic phosphate glasses of the systems CuI-CuBr-Cu2O-P2O5 and CuI-CuBr-Cu2O-P2O5-MoO3 containing Cu+ ions. The acoustic attenuation spectra indicate various relaxation processes and at least two conductivity regimes of transport mechanisms were observed. Both the acoustic and electrical measured data were analyzed using suitable model representations.

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Suzuki, Yasuhito, Takahito Kano, Tsuyoshi Tomii, Nagisa Tsuji, and Akikazu Matsumoto. "Relaxation and Amorphous Structure of Polymers Containing Rigid Fumarate Segments." Polymers 14, no. 22 (2022): 4876. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14224876.

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The physical properties of polymers are significantly affected by relaxation processes. Recently, we reported that poly(diethyl fumarate) (PDEF) shows two thermal anomalies on DSC measurement, despite the fact that it is a homopolymer. We attribute these two relaxations α relaxation and β relaxation, respectively. In this study, we investigate the two relaxations of fumarate-containing polymers by DSC, solid-state NMR, and X-ray scattering. The two relaxations are present even in a copolymer of diethyl fumarate and ethyl acrylate with fumarate segments of 30%. We used poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) as a model polymer for comparison, since there are detailed investigations of its dynamics and physical properties. Solid-state NMR indicates that the very local relaxation of poly(fumarate)s is not significantly different from that of PMMA. The tensile test showed that PDEF is still brittle at above β relaxation temperature and below α relaxation temperature. It was revealed that a structural anisotropy appeared when PDEF was extended at around α relaxation temperature. We discuss the effect of the glassy packing of the rigid polymer chain including the DEF segments on the strong β relaxation behavior. Our data provide insight into the microscopic mechanism of β relaxation of vinyl polymers.

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Toda, Noboru. "Hemolysate Inhibits Cerebral Artery Relaxation." Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 8, no. 1 (1988): 46–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/jcbfm.1988.7.

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In helical strips of dog middle cerebral arteries partially contracted with prostaglandin (PG) F2α, relaxations induced by angiotensin-II, possibly mediated by PGI2, and those induced by PGH2 were reversed to a contraction or markedly reduced by treatment with hemolysate, which, however, attenuated the PGI2-induced relaxation only slightly. The relaxant response of human middle cerebral arterial strips to PGH2 was also suppressed by hemolysate. Dog and monkey middle cerebral arteries responded to transmural electrical stimulation and nicotine with transient relaxations, which were quite susceptible to tetrodotoxin and hexamethonium, respectively; the relaxations were abolished almost completely by hemolysate and methylene blue. On the other hand, the relaxant response of dog cerebral arteries to a low concentration of K+ was not influenced by hemolysate or by methylene blue, but was reversed to a contraction by treatment with ouabain. Relaxations induced by substance-P and nitroglycerin were markedly inhibited by hemolysate; removal of endothelium abolished the relaxation by substance-P, but did not influence the nitroglycerin-induced relaxation. Hemolysate may interfere with the biosynthesis of PGI2 in the vascular wall, thereby reversing the relaxation induced by angiotensin-II and PGH2 to a contraction. Relaxations induced by electrical and chemical stimulation of vasodilator nerves innervating cerebral arteries appear to be elicited by a mechanism dependent on cellular cyclic guanosine monophosphate (GMP), like that underlying the substance-P-induced and nitroglycerin-induced relaxation. These actions of hemolysate may be involved in the genesis of cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage.

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Haruyama, Osami, and Sadao Yamada. "Density and Enthalpy Relaxation Behavior in a Bulk Pd₄₀Ni₄₀P₂₀ Metallic Glass." Materials Science Forum 561-565 (October 2007): 1283–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.561-565.1283.

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The kinetics of structural relaxation in a Pd40Ni40P20 bulk metallic glass was investigated by the volume relaxation due to density experiments and the enthalpy relaxation due to specific heat experiments. A two-step relaxation process was found in the volume relaxation, while the enthalpy relaxation seemed to be one-step relaxation process with a spectrum of relaxation times. First-step volume relaxation only in as-quenched glass was the process with a spread of relaxation times at lower relaxing temperature, while a Debye-type relaxation behavior was observed at higher temperature near Tg and in pre-annealed glass. The comparison of the kinetics of volume and enthalpy relaxations at the same temperature showed a disagreement with the prediction of free volume theory.

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Chen, Jianyu, Shuai Ren, Zhe Chen та ін. "Unveiling Irreversible β-Relaxations in Metallic Glasses via Electrical Resistivity". Metals 15, № 2 (2025): 196. https://doi.org/10.3390/met15020196.

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Dynamic relaxations play an important role in understanding the nature of glass. The conventional methods to explore dynamic relaxations rely on the measurement of mechanical and thermic properties, while new methods that may provide a new perspective to probe dynamic relaxation are desperately required. Here, we show that the β-relaxation of metallic glasses (MGs) can be unveiled by electrical resistivity (ER). Irreversible β-relaxation leads to an increment in electrical resistivity, which can be fitted by the Kohlrausch–Williams–Watts equation well. In contrast, the ER results of the initialized sample only exhibit a negligible change during annealing, which indicates that the reversible β-relaxation change cannot be manifested by ER testing. This work provides the ER measurement as a new means to explore the dynamic relaxation of MGs, which may offer a new insight into the understanding of β-relaxation in glass materials.

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Holloway, R. H., R. Penagini, and A. C. Ireland. "Criteria for objective definition of transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxation." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 268, no. 1 (1995): G128—G133. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1995.268.1.g128.

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We developed and evaluated objective manometric criteria that define transient lower esophageal sphincter (LES) relaxation. In 23 normal subjects and 9 patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease, systematic analysis of swallow-induced LES relaxation showed that dry swallows preceded LES relaxation by a median of 1.4 s. The relaxation rate was always > 1 mmHg/s, the relaxation nadir always occurred within 7 s, and the duration of relaxation was < 9 s. During concurrent esophageal manometry and pH monitoring, 104 reflux episodes associated with a LES pressure fall that was not related to swallowing were identified and the pressure falls classified as transient LES relaxations or not by visual recognition. LES pressure was always < or = 2 mmHg at time of reflux, and relaxation was significantly longer than for swallow-induced LES relaxation. Of 88 pressure falls classified visually as transient LES relaxations, 90% reached nadir pressure within 7 s at a rate of > 1 mmHg/s. Sixteen pressure falls were classified as a gradual downward drift in LES pressure, which in 15 cases was < 1 mmHg/s. Based on the analysis, transient LES relaxation can be defined by 1) absence of swallowing for 4 s before to 2 s after the onset of LES relaxation, 2) relaxation rate of > or = 1 mmHg/s, 3) time from onset to complete relaxation of < or = 10 s, and 4) nadir pressure of < or = 2 mmHg.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Kumar-Krishnan, Siva, Evgen Prokhorov, and Gabriel Luna-Barcenas. "Molecular relaxation in Chitosan films in GHz frequency range." MRS Proceedings 1613 (2014): 83–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/opl.2014.162.

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ABSTRACTThe molecular relaxations behavior of chitosan (CS) films in the wide frequency range of 0.1-3x109 Hz (by using three different impedance analyzers) have been investigated in the temperature range of -100C to 120°C using Dielectric Spectroscopy (DS). Additionally to the low frequency molecular relaxations such as α and β relaxations, for the first time, high frequency (1-3 GHz) relaxation process has been observed in the chitosan films. This relaxation exhibits Arrhenius-type dependence in the temperature range of -100 C to 54°C with negative activation energy -2.7 kJ/mol. At temperatures above 54°C, the activation energy changes from -2.7 kJ/mol to +4.4 kJ/mol. Upon cooling, the activation energy becomes negative again with a value of -1.2 kJ/mol. The bound water between chitosan molecules strongly modifies molecular motion and the relaxation spectrum, giving rise to a new relaxation at the frequency at ca. 1 GHz. In situ FTIR analysis has shown that this relaxation related to the changes in vibration of the –OH, NH and –CO functional groups.

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Guo, Jin Quan, Wu Zhou Meng, Fei Li, and Li Xin Wang. "Creep Prediction From Stress Relaxation Coupled With Equivalent Relaxation Rate." Applied Mechanics and Materials 644-650 (September 2014): 1382–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.644-650.1382.

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Several stress relaxation and creep tests of high temperature material are performed. According to the characteristics of stress relaxations and the superposition equation of diffusion and Maxwell equations of two stages, equivalent relaxation time and equivalent relaxation rate are proposed. Considering equivalent relaxation rate as the creep rate under constant stress, the relaxation-creep conversion model is built up and presented. Then the steady-state creep curve and creep rate are calculated. The results show that the numerical results are in good agreement with the experimental data. It indicates that equivalent relaxation rate can be employed for the analysis of steady-state creep rate. The conversion model and method can be used to design the creep strength and predict the life of the component at high temperature.

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Hashimoto, M., L. A. Close, Y. Ishida, and R. J. Paul. "Dependence of endothelium-mediated relaxation on oxygen and metabolism in porcine coronary arteries." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 265, no. 1 (1993): H299—H306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1993.265.1.h299.

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Hypoxia has major effects on endothelium-dependent relaxation. To further understand the underlying mechanism(s), we investigated the O2 dependence of the endothelium-dependent relaxations elicited by ionophore A-23187 or agonists substance P (SP) or thrombin (TB) in porcine coronary arteries. A-23187 elicits an endothelium-dependent relaxation of KCl- or U-46619-induced contractures that can be described in terms of a rapid and slow phase. The duration of the relaxation was dose dependent. SP (10 nM) and TB (0.1 U/ml) also elicited endothelium-dependent relaxations that were rapid but transient. Hypoxic conditions (95% N2-5% CO2 instead of 95% O2-5% CO2; PO2 < 1%) abolished the A-23187 rapid phase and the SP and TB transient relaxation but not the A-23187 slow phase. Threshold PO2 for the rapid phase was approximately 35 mmHg. Pretreatment with cyanide (5 mM), to inhibit respiration, or 2-deoxy-D-glucose, to inhibit glycolysis, had little effect. Similarly, propranolol (10 microM) or indomethacin (10 microM) had no effect on the relaxation to A-23187, TB, or SP. In contrast, both NO synthesis inhibitors and ouabain blunted all endothelium-dependent relaxations studied. Our results suggest that the rapid relaxations to A-23187, SP, and TB are sensitive to O2 but not mitochondrial respiration. The slow sustained relaxation induced by A-23187, however, is characterized by a sensitivity to O2 that is distinct from that of the rapid phase, yet is dependent on an intact endothelium and is affected by NO synthesis inhibitors. Thus the endothelium-dependent relaxation to A-23187 is probably mediated by NO, but its sensitivity to O2 suggests that two distinct mechanisms may be involved.

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Nagao, T., and P. M. Vanhoutte. "Hyperpolarization contributes to endothelium-dependent relaxations to acetylcholine in femoral veins of rats." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 261, no. 4 (1991): H1034—H1037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1991.261.4.h1034.

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The contribution of membrane hyperpolarization to endothelium-dependent relaxations induced by acetylcholine was investigated in the femoral vein of the rat using a microelectrode technique and isometric tension recordings. Acetylcholine caused endothelium-dependent relaxations and hyperpolarization in tissues contracted with norepinephrine. The relaxation was sustained during a prolonged exposure to acetylcholine (less than or equal to 10 min). In contrast, the hyperpolarization declined with time. In the presence of nitro-L-arginine, a blocker of nitric oxide synthesis, the relaxation became smaller and transient, whereas the hyperpolarization was not affected. There was a temporal relationship between the relaxation and the hyperpolarization in the presence of nitro-L-arginine, when the two parameters were recorded simultaneously. In tissues contracted with 60 mM K+, in which hyperpolarization could not be observed, acetylcholine caused relaxations and these relaxations were abolished by nitro-L-arginine. The results suggest a contribution of both nitric oxide and membrane hyperpolarization to the endothelium-dependent relaxation induced by acetylcholine in the femoral vein of the rat.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Relaxation"

1

Zomrawy, Elrashid. "Relaxation creativity." This title; PDF viewer required Home page for entire collection, 2007. http://archives.udmercy.edu:8080/dspace/handle/10429/9.

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Pop, Cristina-Maria. "Non-equilibrium relaxation." Diss., lmu, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-151719.

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Moser, Michele R., and Eys P. van. "Relaxation Skills Training." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2008. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4975.

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Milliken, T., L. Craigen, and Rebekah Byrd. "Stress Busting with the Relaxation Response: Creative Approaches to Relaxation Techniques." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2012. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/925.

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Benton, Kara. "Effects of music assisted relaxation versus relaxation alone on quality of sleep." Scholarly Commons, 2011. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/792.

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This study examined the effects of music on improving quality of sleep. Participants were randomly assigned to either a music assisted relaxation or a relaxation alone condition. Individuals in both groups were taught varying relaxation methods and were provided with a relaxation script which incorporated each of the methods. Those in the music assisted relaxation condition were allowed to select their top two pieces from a list of relaxing music. The selections were placed on a CD being played in the background while a relaxation script was read. Those in the relaxation alone condition received a CD with the same relaxation script heard by those in the music assisted relaxation condition. Global sleep scores (as measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) were taken on the first and last days of the experiment. Examining individual and group scores showed no statistically significant difference between music assisted relaxation and relaxation alone. Discussion focuses on the implications for future research in the area of music's effect on sleep quality.

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Gerhardt, Peter Wenzel. "Schnelle Relaxation von Clustern." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=972080589.

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Crossman, Statter Gregory Christopher. "Collisional relaxation in plasmas." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/27637.

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The energy relaxation of two types of fully ionized plasma systems are determined with the solution of the Fokker-Planck equation. In both cases the plasma constituents are treated as being point-like and structureless and the plasma relaxes collisionally in the absence of spatial gradients and external electric and magnetic fields. The first plasma system consists of one plasma species dilutely dispersed in a second plasma which acts as a heat bath at equilibrium. The initial energy distribution of the dilute constituent is chosen to be a delta function and the approach to a Maxwellian distribution at the heat bath temperature is determined. The second plasma system consists of just one plasma species which initially possesses a bi-Maxwellian ion velocity distribution function (VDF). The average of the kinetic energy, m<v [2/‖] > /2 for particle motions in some arbitrary z direction serves to define a temperature parameter T‖ =m<v[2/‖]>/k for this degree of freedom. Similarly, the temperature T⊥=m<v[2/⊥]>/2k, where v⊥ is the velocity component in the plane perpendicular to z, parametrizes the average energy for the other two translational degrees of freedom The relaxation of T‖ and T⊥ to a common temperature, T, via self-collisions of the plasma is studied. In both cases the collisional relaxation can be described by a linear collision operator and the expansion of the distribution function in the eigenfunctions of the Fokker-Planck operator is considered. The reciprocals of the corresponding eigenvalues are the characteristic relaxation times for the system. For the first plasma system, the temperature relaxation time determined with the solution of the Fokker-Planck equation is compared with the relaxation time calculated with the assumption that the distribution function remains Maxwellian all the time. For the second plasma system the relaxation time is the characteristic time for the relaxation of one of the temperature components and is comparedwith the relaxation time calculated with the assumption that the distribution function remains bi-Maxwellian all the time. The results are compared with other theoretical and experimental results. A study of the eigenvalue spectrum of the Fokker-Planck operator and the temporal approach to equilibrium is also emphasized.<br>Science, Faculty of<br>Chemistry, Department of<br>Graduate

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McKenzie, Charles A. "Fast acquisition relaxation mapping." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0018/NQ58110.pdf.

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Cohen, Albert. "Relaxation methods in micromagnetics." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ61544.pdf.

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Woldt, E. "Relaxation in metallic glasses." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.382709.

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Books on the topic "Relaxation"

1

Hewitt, James. Relaxation. NTC Pub. Group, 1994.

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Jean-Pierre, Meyer, ed. Relaxation thérapeutique. Masson, 1986.

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Jonscher, A. K. Universal relaxation law: A sequel to Dielectric relaxation in solids. Chelsea Dielectrics Press, 1996.

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Miller, Saul. A little relaxation--. Hartley & Marks Publishers, 1990.

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, ed. Relaxation. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1986.

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Lacroix, Nitya. Relaxation. Dk Pub., 1998.

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Levey, Joel. Simple meditation & relaxation. Conari Press, 1999.

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Scanlan, Jennifer. Every body's relaxation guide: Imaginative ways of adding relaxation to your life. Everygreen Media, 1992.

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9

Kh, Akhmadeev N., and Akademii͡a︡ nauk SSSR. Bashkirskiĭ nauchnyĭ t͡s︡entr. Otdel fiziki i matematiki., eds. Problemy dinamiki relaksirui͡u︡shchikh sred. Bashkirskiĭ nauch. t͡s︡entr Uralʹskogo otd-nii͡a︡ Akademii nauk SSSR, Otdel fiziki i matematiki, 1987.

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Haase, Wolfgang, and Stanislaw Wróbel, eds. Relaxation Phenomena. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-09747-2.

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Book chapters on the topic "Relaxation"

1

Weishaupt, Dominik, Victor D. Köchli, and Borut Marincek. "Relaxation." In Wie funktioniert MRI? Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-10937-3_2.

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Köchli, Victor D., and Borut Marincek. "Relaxation." In Wie funktioniert MRI? Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-10938-0_2.

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Hooker, John N. "Relaxation." In Integrated Methods for Optimization. Springer US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-1900-6_7.

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Rindler, Filip. "Relaxation." In Universitext. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-77637-8_7.

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Köchli, Victor D., and Borut Marincek. "Relaxation." In Wie funktioniert MRI? Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-13435-1_2.

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Molina, Kristine M., Kristine M. Molina, Heather Honoré Goltz, et al. "Relaxation." In Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine. Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1005-9_101452.

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Weishaupt, Dominik, Victor D. Köchli, and Borut Marincek. "Relaxation." In How does MRI work? Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-07805-1_2.

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Withers, P. J. "Relaxation." In Measurement of Residual and Applied Stress Using Neutron Diffraction. Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2797-4_13.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Relaxation." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers. Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_9900.

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Maso, Gianni Dal. "Relaxation". У An Introduction to Γ-Convergence. Birkhäuser Boston, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-0327-8_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Relaxation"

1

Gupta, Sharmi Dev, Barry O'Sullivan, and Luis Quesada. "Counterfactual Explanation Through Constraint Relaxation." In 2024 IEEE 36th International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence (ICTAI). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/ictai62512.2024.00064.

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Fickert, Maximilian, Daniel Gnad, and Joerg Hoffmann. "Unchaining the Power of Partial Delete Relaxation, Part II: Finding Plans with Red-Black State Space Search." In Twenty-Seventh International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-18}. International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2018/660.

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Red-black relaxation in classical planning allows to interpolate between delete-relaxed and real planning. Yet the traditional use of relaxations to generate heuristics restricts relaxation usage to tractable fragments. How to actually tap into the red-black relaxation's interpolation power? Prior work has devised red-black state space search (RBS) for intractable red-black planning, and has explored two uses: proving unsolvability, generating seed plans for plan repair. Here, we explore the generation of plans directly through RBS. We design two enhancements to this end: (A) use a known tractable fragment where possible, use RBS for the intractable parts; (B) check RBS state transitions for realizability, spawn relaxation refinements where the check fails. We show the potential merits of both techniques on IPC benchmarks.

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MARRONETTI, PEDRO. "CONSTRAINT RELAXATION." In Proceedings of the MG11 Meeting on General Relativity. World Scientific Publishing Company, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812834300_0207.

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Li, Dongxu, Enrico Scala, Patrik Haslum, and Sergiy Bogomolov. "Effect-Abstraction Based Relaxation for Linear Numeric Planning." In Twenty-Seventh International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-18}. International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2018/665.

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This paper studies an effect-abstraction based relaxation for reasoning about linear numeric planning problems. The effect-abstraction decomposes non-constant linear numeric effects into actions with conditional effects over additive constant numeric effects. With little effort, on this compiled version, it is possible to use known subgoaling based relaxations and relative heuristics. The combination of these two steps leads to a novel relaxation based heuristic. Theoretically, the relaxation is proved tighter than previous interval based relaxation and leading to safe-pruning heuristics. Empirically, a heuristic developed on this relaxation leads to substantial improvements for a class of problems that are currently out of the reach of state-of-the-art numeric planners.

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Matveev, Lev A., Alexandr L. Matveyev, Ekaterina V. Gubarkova, et al. "OCT-based approach to local relaxations discrimination from translational relaxation motions." In SPIE Photonics Europe, edited by Jürgen Popp, Valery V. Tuchin, Dennis L. Matthews, and Francesco S. Pavone. SPIE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2227570.

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Merilahti, Juho, Elina Mattila, Johan Plomp, Klaus Laine, and Ilkka Korhonen. "Short-term relaxation responses to a voice-guided mobile phone relaxation application and self-guided relaxation." In 2009 9th International Conference on Information Technology and Applications in Biomedicine (ITAB 2009). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/itab.2009.5394457.

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Riva, Andrea, and Maurizio Maldini. "Stress Relaxation Modelling." In ASME Turbo Expo 2015: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2015-43755.

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Modern gas turbine bolts experience severe operational conditions due to high temperatures and elevated axial stresses, generated by the tightening couple applied during the turbine assembly. In such conditions the relaxation of the initial stress due to viscous phenomena has to be taken into account in order to guarantee the proper operation of the turbine. Relaxation modelling can either be based on strain controlled relaxation tests or load controlled creep tests. Both solutions present difficulties: relaxation tests entail critical experimental issues, whereas creep tests may not be significant for the given strain controlled operational condition of a gas turbine bolt. Some of these problems will be described in the paper and solutions will be provided. The performances of several models for stress relaxation quantification will be compared, highlighting advantages and disadvantages of each approach. In particular, great emphasis will be given to those aspects which are relevant for bolt design or tightening load calculation. For instance, some important requirements are: firstly, the possibility to implement the given model easily in finite element calculations; secondly, the possibility to accurately calculate the relaxation in the second life of a serviced bolt after re-tightening; lastly, the possibility to reduce as much as possible the time required for the experimental tests. In order to evaluate the coefficients of the different models considered in the study, creep tests were performed at 450°C and 475°C with applied stresses producing a strain ε = 1% in a time range of 1000–10000h and stress relaxation tests were performed at the same temperatures with initial strain in the range of 0.2%. After some stress relaxation, the specimens were reloaded at the initial stress several times in order to simulate the aforesaid service conditions of bolts. In the paper it will be shown how a valid model, capable of predicting the stress relaxation with acceptable accuracy, can be fed either by creep or relaxation tests, provided that the experimental tests and the related data elaboration are conducted with the proper methodology. This scenario provides the engineer responsible for material model creation with a remarkable flexibility, essential to fulfill the requirements of modern GT design, in terms of accuracy, promptness of data collection and possibility of FEM implementation.

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8

Le and Vidal. "Weight-free relaxation." In International Joint Conference on Neural Networks. IEEE, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.1989.118337.

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9

HILFER, R. "ON FRACTIONAL RELAXATION." In International Workshop and Collection of Articles Honoring Professor Antonio Coniglio on the Occasion of his 60th Birthday. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812778109_0026.

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"Load Relaxation Tests." In SP-103: Anchorage to Concrete. American Concrete Institute, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.14359/1640.

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Reports on the topic "Relaxation"

1

Huneault, P. A. Relaxation Solutions For Creep. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/132481.

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2

Tsekov, Roumen. Relaxation in Quantum Systems. "Prof. Marin Drinov" Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2019.01.08.

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3

Scheufele, Peter M. The Effects of Progressive Relaxation and Music on Attention, Relaxation and Stress Responses: An Investigation of the Cognitive-Behavioral Model of Relaxation. Defense Technical Information Center, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ad1012237.

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4

O'Brien, M. Multigrid Methods for Mesh Relaxation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/897998.

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5

Edis, T., K. Grant, and P. Cameron-Smith. Stratospheric Relaxation in IMPACT's Radiation Code. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/900173.

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6

Backhaus, Ekaterina Yu. Collisionless relaxation in beam-plasma systems. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/790003.

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7

Hioe, F. T. Multilevel relaxation phenomena and population trapping. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7300864.

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8

Hinchen, J. J. Rotational Relaxation Studies of Hydrogen Fluoride. Defense Technical Information Center, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada152711.

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9

Hioe, F. Multilevel relaxation phenomena and population trapping. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5150117.

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10

Kiv, A. E., T. I. Maximova, and V. N. Soloviov. MD Simulation of the Ion-Stimulated Relaxation in Silicon Surface Layers. [б. в.], 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/0564/1278.

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Thus it was established that ion bombardment of silicon surface in the energy region of the threshold of elastic displacement of atoms might allow to improve structural characteristics of surface lavers and to decrease the relaxation time. Energy dependencies of radiation induced processes show a possibility to improve the real staicture of Silicon surface and to accelerate the long-term surface relaxation in microelectronic technology.

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