Relevant bibliographies by topics / Relativizer That

Academic literature on the topic 'Relativizer That'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 30 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Relativizer That"

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Lester, Nicholas A. "That’s hard." International Journal of Learner Corpus Research 5, no. 1 (March 13, 2019): 1–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ijlcr.17013.les.

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Abstract Language learners are highly sensitive to statistical patterns in the input. When a target language provides the option to include or omit a grammatical form, learners have been shown to make decisions quite similar to native speakers. For example, learners opt to include or omit the complementizer that (as in I know (that) Steffi likes hot tea). This phenomenon has been explained in terms of a universal suite of cognitive mechanisms which support native and learner performance alike. Both learners and native speakers choose to include the complementizer when they are producing more complex or unexpected structures. The present study attempts to generalize these findings to another domain of “optional” grammatical markers, namely, relativizers (as in the hot tea (that) Steffi likes). I analyze all instances of optional relativizer use in a corpus of spontaneous learner speech produced by Spanish and German learners of English. Both of these languages have obligatory relativizers. A two-step generalized additive regression modeling technique (MuPDAR) that predicts learner choices based on native-speaker choices demonstrates that native speakers use greater shares of the relativizer in complex and disfluent environments, while learners show the exact opposite tendency: they prefer to drop the relativizer in complex and disfluent environments. These findings are discussed based on differences between complementizers and relativizers, and in terms of the limited universality of optional grammatical marking in learner speech.
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Fox, Barbara A., and Sandra A. Thompson. "Relative Clauses in English conversation." Studies in Language 31, no. 2 (April 6, 2007): 293–326. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sl.31.2.03fox.

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This paper is a usage-based study of the grammar of that set of English Relative Clauses with which a relativizer has been described as optional. We argue that the regularities in the use of relativizers in English can be seen as systematically arising from pragmatic-prosodic factors, creating frequency effects, resulting in some cases highly grammaticized formats: the more the Main Clause and the Relative Clause are integrated with each other, that is, approach monoclausal status, the more likely we are to find no relativizer used; conversely, the more separate the two clauses are, the more likely we are to find an overt relativizer. These findings have led us to suggest that the more monoclausal combinations have become unitary storage and processing chunks. We thus see these findings as a contribution not only to our understanding of Relative Clauses, but to our understanding of syntactic organization in general and of the nature of the grammatical practices in which speakers engage in everyday interactions.
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Grafmiller, Jason, Benedikt Szmrecsanyi, and Lars Hinrichs. "Restricting the restrictive relativizer." Corpus Linguistics and Linguistic Theory 14, no. 2 (September 25, 2018): 309–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cllt-2016-0015.

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Abstract We investigate internal and stylistic factors affecting binary and ternary relativizer choice in subject (that vs which) and non-subject (that vs which vs zero) relative clauses. We employ a novel methodological approach to predicting relativizers: Bayesian regression modeling with the dimensional reduction of model inputs via factor analysis. Our factor analysis is motivated by the high degree of redundancy and collinearity in natural language data, while Bayesian regression models are robust to effects of data sparseness and (near) separation. We find that in both types of relative clauses, the more marked variant (which) is preferred in complex contexts, while the unmarked variant (that, or zero in NSRCs) is favored in contexts where the relative clause is short and more fully integrated with the NP it modifies. We also find that use of which is somewhat more sensitive to stylistic considerations in subject than in non-subject relative clauses, and that which correlates most strongly with features associated with lexical density, e. g. ‘nouniness’, rather than those often associated with formality, e. g. passivization and sentence length.
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Sigley, Robert. "The influence of formality and channel on relative pronoun choice in New Zealand English." English Language and Linguistics 1, no. 2 (November 1997): 207–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1360674300000514.

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This paper describes the effects of text formality and channel on relativizer choice in data from three corpora of written and spoken New Zealand English. That and the null relativizer Ø are typically regarded as intrinsically less formal than the wh-pronouns; but are they in fact commoner in spoken/informal texts? If so, is this a direct response to formality? Do prescriptions influence relativizer choice in written/formal texts? These questions are addressed by identifying and controlling significant linguistic influences on relativizer choice, and comparing results for text categories representing a range of formality levels from both channels.
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Kim, Sutae. "On the Relativizer ‘-eul’." Journal of Language Sciences 21, no. 2 (May 30, 2014): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.14384/kals.2014.21.2.001.

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Perić, Zdravko. "Problematiziranje relativizma u povijesnom, ali i suvremenom kontekstu." Obnovljeni život 71, no. 2 (September 9, 2016): 167–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.31337/oz.71.2.2.

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Obzirom na pojavu većeg broja filozofske literature u kojoj se tematizira i podupire relativizam reagirao je prethodni papa Benedikt XVI. nazvavši ga diktaturom relativizma. Tim je stavom motivirao mnoge filozofe, teologe i znanstvenike da iznesu svoje mišljenje o suvremenom relativizmu. Autor u prvom dijelu ovoga rada pokazuje neke specifičnosti najistaknutijih starogrčkih filozofa i njihov odnos spram relativizma. No, kako se relativizam pojavljivao, u različitim je vremenskim epohama različito bio tretiran. U drugom dijelu rada naglašena je osebujnost, izvori i značenje suvremenog relativizma u današnjem svijetu. Tu se problematizira relativizam kroz radove najeminentnijih antropologa i filozofa koji su dali doprinos u afirmiranju i nijekanju relativizma. Autor na kraju donosi zaključak da relativizam ne može biti konačan u rješavanju međuljudskih problema jer postoje opća i apsolutna rješenja koja vrijede uvijek i svuda. U tom smislu relativizam može derogirati društvene, a i osobne vrijednosti temeljene na nepromjenljivim vrijednostima ljudske naravi koja se ne mijenja.
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Rydén, Mats. "THE EMERGENCE OF WHO AS RELATIVIZER." Studia Linguistica 37, no. 2 (November 7, 2008): 126–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9582.1983.tb00317.x.

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Kim, Wonseok, and Seok-Chae Rhee. "Factor Analysis on Subject Relativizer Alternation." English Studies 101, no. 2 (January 21, 2020): 214–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0013838x.2019.1706298.

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Madsen, Richard Skultety, and Melita Koletnik. "The use of English relativizers by non-natives." Globe: A Journal of Language, Culture and Communication 14 (December 12, 2022): 79–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.54337/ojs.globe.v14i.7597.

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This paper presents a study of the acquisition and use of English relativizers by non-native university students of the English language. Danish students of English Business Communication, Serbian students of general English studies and Slovene students of Translation Studies serve as informants for this work, which is quantitative and comparative in nature. The informants' mastery of English relativizers is investigated by questionnaire surveys. The study tests 3 hypotheses concerning challenges that the learners are likely to face due to possible interference from their mother tongues. The study does not only address the hypotheses themselves, but also possible ramifications for the theory of cross-linguistic influence. Two of the hypotheses are shown to be valid, showing that cross-linguistic influence is indeed real. The hypotheses in question concern the correct choice of relativizer with respect to animacy, and the misuse of whom in subject position. The results regarding the third hypothesis, i.e. concerning problems thought to be specific to Danish informants, are inconclusive, suggesting that cross-linguistic influence alone cannot explain all the challenges that non-native users of a language face.
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Hancock, Ian F. "Scots English and the English-lexifier creole relativizer we." English World-Wide 29, no. 1 (January 25, 2008): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/eww.29.1.02han.

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We (wey, whey, way) as relativizer occurs in the English-lexifier creoles on both sides of the Atlantic, and has been assumed to originate in English what (e.g. by Cassidy and Le Page 1967: 459). Instances of this word as a relativizer in English, however, date only from the beginning of the 19th century — too late by over a century to have provided the widespread creole form. This essay examines alternative possibilities for its origin, and concludes that it must be sought in Scottish and/or northern English who. Determining its ultimate origin may shed light upon the age and development of these particular languages.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Relativizer That"

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Hedvall, Eila. "Relativizers : A Comparative Study of Two Translations." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för kultur och kommunikation, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-91919.

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In this comparative study, relativizers have been examined in two versions of the Bible: the King James Bible Version from 1611 and the New King James Bible Version from 1990. The hypothesis of this investigation was that, as the English language has undergone noticeable changes from the year 1611, the changes might also concern the usage of relativizers. Thus, the aim was to analyse how the use of relativizers has changed and try to find out reasons for these changes. To examine this, The Gospel According to Luke in both Bible versions was studied, because it is the longest of the 27 books of the New Testament. During this study, all the relativizers were sought out and counted. The results showed that in particular, there were remarkable discrepancies concerning the frequency of the relativizers who, which and that. In the King James Bible Version the relativizers which and that have a high frequency of occurrences, whereas the relativizer who does not appear as frequently. In the light of several examples, the usage of the relativizers was discussed and it has been found that the discrepancies depend on different factors. The most obvious difference in the usage of relativizers is that the relativizer which has both human and non-human antecedents in the King James Bible Version, whereas there is a clear distinction in the usage of who and which in the New King James Bible.
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Vo, Thi Anh Ngoc. "Subordination relative en vietnamien : éléments de comparaison avec le français." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TOU20151.

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Cette thèse propose une description du vietnamien en comparaison avec le français autour du phénomène de la relativisation, dans le cadre de la linguistique typologique et contrastive. Elle s’articule en deux parties. La première traite des questions préliminaires et du cadre typologique. Il s’agit de présenter quelques traits dominants de la langue vietnamienne, langue isolante, par rapport au français, langue flexionnelle, en passant en revue certaines notions de base en linguistique générale telles que sujet/sujet grammatical, thème/rhème, phrase/proposition et subordination/subordonnant. La notion de subordination sera ensuite introduite dans le cadre typologique adopté (Creissels 2006) pour la présentation de la relativisation translinguistique ainsi que pour l’analyse des relatives en français et en vietnamien. La seconde partie est consacrée à l’étude contrastive des relatives en français et en vietnamien, et cela, avec un double objectif. Le premier est de dégager, aux niveaux morphosyntaxique et fonctionnel, les propriétés de la relativisation en examinant la structure syntaxique du nom de domaine, les stratégies de relativisation, la Hiérarchie d’Accessibilité à la relativisation ainsi que les types de relatives. Le second est de mettre en évidence les particularités du fonctionnement du vietnamien par rapport au français, et plus spécifiquement, la relation minimale (Lemaréchal 1997) entre un nom et une relative et la polyfonctionnalité du relativiseur mà. Cette étude, qui se veut contribuer à la typologie de la relativisation, fournit une description systématique de la subordonnée relative dans une perspective typologique, et jamais une telle étude n’a été entreprise, à notre connaissance, en linguistique vietnamienne
This thesis proposes a description of Vietnamese in comparison with French around the phenomenon of relativization in the frame of typological and contrastive linguistics. It is divided into two parts. The first part specifies the preliminary matters and typological framework. It presents some salient features of the Vietnamese language, an isolating language, compared to the French inflected language. It reviews some basic concepts in general linguistics such as subject / grammatical subject, theme / rheme, sentence / clause and subordination / subordinator. The notion of subordination is then introduced into the typological framework adopted (Creissels 2006) for the presentation of crosslinguistic relativization as well as for the analysis of relative clauses in French and in Vietnamese. The second part is devoted to the constrative study of the relative clauses in French and in Vietnamese with two objectives. The first objective is to identify the properties of relativization at the morphosyntactic and functional levels by examining the syntactic structure of the head noun, the strategies of relativization, the Accessibility Hierarchy for relativization and the typology of relative clauses. The second objective is to highlight the peculiarities of the functioning of Vietnamese compared with French, and more specifically, the Minimum relationship (Lemaréchal 1997) between a head noun and a relative clause and the polyfunctionality of the relativiser mà. This study, which aims at contributing to the typology of relativization, provides a systematic description of the relative subordination in a typological perspective, and never such a study has been undertaken, to our knowledge, in Vietnamese linguistics
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Nakamura, Masanori 1966. "Move a, scope, and relativized minimality." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=56651.

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This thesis deals with two aspects of operators within the framework of Government and Binding theory; (i) how they are assigned their scope, and (ii) how they are licensed. In an attempt to answer these questions, the relation of Move $ alpha$ (such as scrambling, NP-movement, and wh-movement) to the scope of operators and the licensing of wh-elements, negative polarity items, and adverbs are examined. It is argued that scope assignment is dictated by the Scope Principle and the Empty Category Principle. It is also argued that licensing of operators is determined by the Feature-Dependent Item Criterion. These principles and criterion make use of the concept of Government Theory Compatibility, which is built into Relativized Minimality. It is suggested that this concept should be characterized in terms of a set of lexical features. The approach advocated here accounts for the interpretive and distributional behavior of operators without recourse to parameterization of LF principles.
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Loizelet, Julien Chruściel Piotr T. "Problèmes globaux en relativité générale." S. l. : S. n, 2008. http://theses.abes.fr/2008TOUR4006.

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Gourgoulhon, Éric. "Etude numerique d'effondrements gravitationnels en relativite generale." Paris 7, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA077074.

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Afin de simuler des effondrements gravitationnels d'etoiles, un code numerique a ete developpe pour l'integration des equations de la relativite generale qui regissent l'evolution d'un fluide parfait et d'un flot de neutrinos autogravitants en symetrie spherique. La technique numerique employee est une methode pseudo-spectrale de decomposition des fonctions d'espace sur les polynomes de tchebychev. Par comparaison avec une solution analytique exacte des equations d'einstein, on montre qu'une telle methode est bien plus precise que celles traditionnellement utilisees dans ce domaine (differences finies). Cette precision a permis d'etudier numeriquement le developpement de l'instabilite qui affecte une etoile a neutrons au voisinage de la masse maximale, en passant progressivement du regime lineaire des modes acoustiques au regime non lineaire de l'effondrement en trou noir. Le principal resultat d'interet observationnel est la determination du flux de neutrinos emis par les processus urca hors equilibre, lors de l'effondrement en trou noir d'une etoile a neutrons ayant accrete de la matiere (par exemple depuis un compagnon) au-dela de la masse maximale
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Lévesque, Simon. "Non-localité quantique, relativité et formalisme temps-multiple /." Thèse, Trois-Rivières : Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2007. http://www.uqtr.ca/biblio/notice/resume/30033956R.pdf.

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Cook, Jacob. "Ordinal analysis of set theories : relativised and intuitionistic." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2015. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/9484/.

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In the early 1980s, the forum of ordinal analysis switched from analysing subsystems of second order arithmetic and theories of inductive definitions to set theories. The new results were much more uniform and elegant than their predecessors. This thesis uses techniques for the ordinal analysis of set theories developed over the past 30 years to extract some useful information about Kripke Platek set theory, KP and some related theories. First I give a classification of the provably total set functions of KP, this result is reminiscent of a classic theorem of ordinal analysis, characterising the provably total recursive functions of Peano Arithmetic, PA. For the remainder of the thesis the focus switches to intuitionistic theories. Firstly, a detailed rendering of the ordinal analysis of intuitionistic Kripke-Platek set theory, IKP, is given. This is done in such a way as to demonstrate that IKP has the existence property for its verifiable ⌃ sentences. Combined with the results of [40] this has important implications for constructive set theory. It was shown in [42] that sometimes the tools of ordinal analysis can be applied in the context of strong set-theoretic axioms such as power set to obtain a characterisation of a theory in terms of provable heights of the cumulative hierarchy. In the final two chapters this machinery is applied to ‘scale up’ the earlier result about IKP to two stronger theories IKP(P) and IKP(E). In the case of IKP(E) this required considerable new technical legwork. These results also have important applications within constructive set theory.
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Johansson, Christine. "The relativizers Whose and Of which in present-day English : description and theory /." Uppsala : Uppsala university, 1995. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35768806q.

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Monteiro, Isabela Liberato Gesteira. "A possibilidade de relativizar a proibição da tortura no cenário da bomba-relógio." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2016. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/25324.

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MONTEIRO, Isabela Liberato Gesteira. A possibilidade de relativizar a proibição da tortura no cenário da bomba-relógio. 2016. 105 f. Monografia (Graduação em Direito) - Faculdade de Direito, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, 2016.
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The aim of this paper is to make an analysis of international treaties and laws, foreign and internal, that deal about the definition and the legal framework of the crime of torture. It focuses on the use of this method on critical cases in order to obtain information, as exemplified by the ticking-bomb scenario, in which some states believe the use of torture is justified, through coercive advanced interrogation and the so-called " light torture " in order to save the lives of victims. It analyzes the balance between the lives of potential victims and respect for the dignity of the suspect, establishing the concept of human dignity more in tune with the absolute prohibition of torture, regardless of the configuration of the exceptional cases. It faces the possibility of forming the state of justifying necessity in case of application of torture in exceptional situations. It performs a retrospective of the use of torture at various times in history, especially in periods of political and social instability, as in military dictatorships, civil wars and the current era of terrorism. Finally, it concludes that is impossible to relativize the use of torture, even in the ticking-bomb scenario, due to the difficulty in aggregating all the necessary requirements for that case, and the need to honor the Convention's provisions Against Torture and Human Dignity, which do not foresee any possibility of exception.
O objeto deste trabalho é efetuar uma análise dos tratados internacionais e legislações estrangeiras e internas, que versem acerca da definição e do enquadramento jurídico do crime de tortura. Debruça-se sobre a utilização desse método com o fim de obter informações em casos críticos, como o exemplificado pelo cenário da bomba-relógio, no qual alguns Estados justificam o recurso à tortura, por meio dos interrogatórios avançados coercitivos e da denominada “tortura light”, a fim de salvar a vida das vítimas. Analisa a ponderação entre a vida das possíveis vítimas e o respeito à dignidade do suspeito, estabelecendo-se o conceito de dignidade da pessoa humana mais afinado com a proibição absoluta da tortura, independentemente da configuração dos casos excepcionais. Enfrenta a possibilidade de conformar o estado de necessidade justificante no caso da aplicação da tortura nas situações de exceção. Realiza a retrospectiva do uso da tortura em diversos momentos da história e, em especial, nos períodos de instabilidade política e social, como nos regimes militares, guerras civis e na atual era do terrorismo. Por fim, conclui-se pela impossibilidade de relativização da tortura, ainda que configurado o cenário da bomba-relógio, em decorrência da dificuldade em se agregar todos os requisitos necessários ao seu enquadramento, além da necessidade de atender aos preceitos da Convenção contra a Tortura e da Dignidade da Pessoa Humana, a qual não prevê nenhuma hipótese de exceção.
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Pierseaux, Yves. "La structure fine de la théorie de la relativité restreinte /." Paris ; Montréal (Québec) : l'Harmattan, 1999. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37050978s.

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Books on the topic "Relativizer That"

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Luigi, Rizzi. Relativized minimality. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press, 1990.

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Relativized minimality. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press, 1990.

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Introduction à la relativité générale. Paris: Ellipses, 2006.

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Axel, Randrup, ed. Permanence et relativité du trouble mental. Toulouse: Privat, 1986.

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Divjak, Slobodan. Antej ili ahasfer: Kritika postmodernag relativizma. Beograd: Sluzbeni glasnik, 2008.

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Divjak, Slobodan. Antej ili ahasfer: Kritika postmodernag relativizma. Beograd: Sluzbeni glasnik, 2008.

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L' informatique libère l'humain: La relativité digitale. Paris: Harmattan, 1999.

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Tynianov, ou, La poétique de la relativité. Saint-Denis [France]: Presses universitaires de Vincennes, 1996.

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Bacache-Gibeili, Mireille. La relativité des conventions et les groupes de contrats. Paris: L.G.D.J., 1996.

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Solar, Milivoj. Kritika relativizma ukusa: Predavanja o ukusu, moralu i poetici. Zagreb: Matica hrvatska, 2011.

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Book chapters on the topic "Relativizer That"

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Haig, Geoffrey L. J. "Linker, relativizer, nominalizer, tense-particle." In Nominalization in Asian Languages, 363–90. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/tsl.96.13hai.

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Kaltenböck, Gunther. "Chapter 1. On the use of there -clefts with zero subject relativizer." In Studies in Language Companion Series, 17–43. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/slcs.230.01kal.

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Buss, Jonathan F. "Relativized alternation." In Structure in Complexity Theory, 66–76. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-16486-3_90.

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Rigau, Gemma. "Relativized impersonality." In Semantic Issues in Romance Syntax, 193. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cilt.173.13rig.

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Dekydtspotter, Laurent, and Kelly Farmer. "3. On the Processing of Subject Clefts in English-French Interlanguage: Parsing to Learn and the Subject Relativizer qui." In TheAcquisition of French in Multilingual Contexts, edited by Pedro Guijarro-Fuentes, Katrin Schmitz, and Natascha Müller, 66–93. Bristol, Blue Ridge Summit: Multilingual Matters, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.21832/9781783094530-006.

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Soskova, Alexandra A. "Relativized Degree Spectra." In Logical Approaches to Computational Barriers, 546–55. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11780342_56.

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Rooryck, Johan. "Restricting relativized minimality." In Contemporary Research in Romance Linguistics, 333. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cilt.123.24roo.

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Hellie, Benj, Adam Russell Murray, and Jessica M. Wilson. "Relativized metaphysical modality." In The Routledge Handbook of Modality, 82–99. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY: Routledge, 2021. |Includes bibliographical references and index.: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315742144-11.

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Peitsara, Kirsti. "Somerset relativizers revisited." In Studies in Language Companion Series, 269–80. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/slcs.76.14pei.

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Tourlakis, George. "Relativised Computability." In Computability, 415–541. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-83202-5_13.

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Conference papers on the topic "Relativizer That"

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Hirahara, Shuichi, and Mikito Nanashima. "On Worst-Case Learning in Relativized Heuristica." In 2021 IEEE 62nd Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science (FOCS). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/focs52979.2021.00078.

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Ko, Ker-I. "Relativized polynomial time hierarchies having exactly K levels." In the twentieth annual ACM symposium. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/62212.62235.

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Ko, K. I. "Relativized polynomial time hierarchies having exactly K levels." In [1988] Proceedings. Structure in Complexity Theory Third Annual Conference. IEEE, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sct.1988.5284.

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Capstick, Simon, and Nathan Isgur. "Baryons in a relativized quark model with chromodynamics." In AIP Conference Proceedings Volume 132. AIP, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.35361.

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Godfrey, Stephen. "Meson physics in a relativized quark model with chromodynamics." In AIP Conference Proceedings Volume 132. AIP, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.35360.

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Iqbal, Junaid, Dragos Truscan, and Jüri Vain. "Time semantics of executable activity diagrams for relativized conformance testing." In MODELS '20: ACM/IEEE 23rd International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3417990.3421399.

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Impagliazzo, Russell. "Relativized Separations of Worst-Case and Average-Case Complexities for NP." In 2011 IEEE Annual Conference on Computational Complexity (CCC). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ccc.2011.34.

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Atserias, Albert, Moritz Muller, and Sergi Oliva. "Lower Bounds for DNF-refutations of a Relativized Weak Pigeonhole Principle." In 2013 IEEE Conference on Computational Complexity (CCC). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ccc.2013.20.

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Kaizerová, Petra. "A probe inside the poetic form of mysticism of Slovak Romantic Messianists." In The Figurativeness of the Language of Mystical Experience. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-9997-2021-17.

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Abstract:
The Slovak Romantic Messianism is perceived by us as a phenomenon growing from a specific current epochal situation relating to a relatively rich tradition, which existed in the Slovak cultural context already in previous historical periods. By considering the characteristic features of production, its existence was often relativised. Nevertheless, it represents an important testimony of a concrete epoch. Its artistic implementation (perhaps today more than in the past) is being well appreciated, thanks to its interesting form and to its expressive and narrative strength or value. By focusing our attention on its expressive and thematic means, it is possible to prove that the authors tried to mediate a mystical experience to the readers. As mystagogues, they introduced and initiated the readers to the mysteries of God’s plans aiming at transformation of this world. In this sense, through their literary production, they invoked and prayed God to give them a chance to live a direct mystic experience in the reality. By pursuing this purpose, they filled their poetry with curious archaisms and neologisms (the so-called self-creation of language). They gave way to a speculative etymologism and poetical forms. Generally, they were syncretically stylying poetical shapes. And they often exploited experiments or complex strophic structures.
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Motte, Damien, and Robert Bjärnemo. "Dealing With the Combinatorial Explosion of the Morphological Matrix in a “Manual Engineering Design” Context." In ASME 2013 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2013-12040.

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The morphological matrix is an important element of the engineering design methodology and is present in many textbooks. This method originally aimed at generating an exhaustive set of solutions for a given problem, by decomposing it into subproblems, finding solutions to each subproblem, and combining them. One issue associated with the morphological matrix has been the necessity to deal with the combinatorial explosions of solutions, especially at the conceptual design phase, when the still fuzzy nature of the design problem precludes the use of automated search for an optimal solution by means of specific algorithms (the “manual engineering design” context), apart from a few exceptions. Several heuristics based on the reduction of the number of combinations are investigated, and their efficiency is assessed. It is showed that the often-recommended compatibility matrix heuristic is the least efficient and can result in overlooking potentially interesting combinations. In fact all heuristics, even combined, generally fail to decrease the number of combinations to a level that can be handled by the designers, unless the original number of combinations is low. However, if one abandons the principle of an exhaustive investigation of the combinations in order to find the “best” solution, it can be showed statistically that the probability of ending up with a “good” concept among a very large number of combinations can be attained. Moreover, it is showed that the number of combinations one is willing to investigate also can contribute to increase this probability. Moreover the experience gained from the first round of investigation can serve as a guide to choose and assess other combinations. Based on those results, some recommendations for using the morphological matrix with all the different heuristics are given. Moreover, this paper discusses and relativizes the importance of the combinatorial explosion issue of morphological matrix compared with some other advantages and shortcomings of the method.
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Reports on the topic "Relativizer That"

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Zippel, Richard. An Explicit Separation of Relativised Random Polynomial Time and Relativised Deterministic Polynomial Time. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada210103.

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