Journal articles: 'Relational attributes'

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Morales, Fabio. "Relational Attributes in Aristotle." Phronesis 39, no. 3 (1994): 255–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156852894321052072.

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Greco-Vigorito, Carolyn. "Categorization Based on Attribute versus Relational Similarity in 4-To 10-Month-Old Infants." Perceptual and Motor Skills 82, no. 3 (June 1996): 915–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1996.82.3.915.

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4- to 10-month-old infants were tested in 2 experiments to determine whether they used a similar attribute or a similar relationship among attributes to make visual judgments of similarity and categorization. In Exp. 1 infants were familiarized with a single stimulus composed of several attributes and a prescribed relationship among the attributes, left wing smaller than right wing. When tested in a novelty-preference procedure with novel stimuli that either preserved a single attribute but violated the relationship (Attribute Test Stimulus) or preserved the relationship with a new set of attributes (Relational Test Stimulus), 4-mo.-olds treated the Attribute Test Stimulus as familiar, whereas 6-mo.-olds treated the Relational Test Stimulus as familiar. Neither 8- nor 10-mo.-olds showed a preference for either test stimulus. In Exp. 2 a category containing 3 exemplars was constructed. In each exemplar a single attribute, left wing, was held constant, and all 3 exemplars shared the same relational structure, left wing smaller than right wing, but the remaining attributes varied across exemplars. Four-, 6-, and 8-mo.-olds in Exp 2 reliably included the novel Attribute Test Stimulus in the category. These data suggest that, although infants under 8 months can recognize relational information, they may not always use that information when making categorization judgments, particularly if a single, well-defined attribute is available as the basis for categorization.

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Mikkelson, Alan C., Colin Hesse, and Perry M. Pauley. "The Attributes of Relational Maximizers." Communication Studies 67, no. 5 (October 19, 2016): 567–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10510974.2016.1239644.

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Law, Sweety, Jacques Verville, and Nazim Taskin. "Relational Attributes in Supply Chain Relationships." International Journal of Information Systems and Supply Chain Management 4, no. 1 (January 2011): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jisscm.2011010101.

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The objective of this research paper is to examine the relational attributes underpinning supply chain networks, which linked firms need to manage on an ongoing basis. In examining the connections, which are different from transaction-based connections, this study measures the effects of face-to-face communication, trust, involvement, job title, and sales volume on performance. The hypothesized relationships are mostly supported and provide nuanced insights into relational attributes that affect supply-chain relationships and performance. These attributes are the basis for creating relationship intensity, magnitude, and history, described as collaborative facilitators that can enhance performance. All levels of management have a role to play in how the relational attributes are applied and managed. Senior leadership such as CEOs may need to play a larger role in trust development and involvement maintenance, while mid-level and line managers may need to engage in more face-to-face communication in maintaining trust and collaboration intensity.

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Cheng, Yong Qian, Hong Mei Ma, Qian Wu Song, and Yue Zhang. "Assessment of Water Quality Using Grey Relational Analysis and Principal Component Analysis." Advanced Materials Research 255-260 (May 2011): 2829–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.255-260.2829.

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This paper investigates the comprehensive assessment of water quality, which is generally a multi-attribute assessment problem. In this context, the grey relational analysis is adopted to settle the no uniformity problem of water quality attributes. The principal component analysis is applied to calculate the weighting values corresponding to various attributes of water quality so that their relative importance can be properly and objectively described. Results of study reveal that grey relational analysis coupled with principal component analysis can effectively solve the multi-attribute water quality assessment. The method is universal and can be a useful tool to improve the comprehensive assessment of water quality.

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Zhu, Liang, Zhaoliang Xie, and Qin Ma. "Evaluating Relational Ranking Queries Involving both Text Attributes and Numeric Attributes." Journal of Software Engineering and Applications 05, no. 12 (2012): 88–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jsea.2012.512b018.

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Xie, Zhuojie, Yuhui Wang, and Qingxian Wu. "Battle damage assessment of surface warship formation based on improved gray relational analysis." Journal of Defense Modeling and Simulation: Applications, Methodology, Technology 15, no. 3 (November 1, 2017): 269–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1548512917740446.

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The paper analyzes the pros and cons of classical gray relational analysis on solving multi-target and multi-attribute problems, and presents an improved gray relational model to assess the battle damage of surface warship formations. First, with an entropy method and analytic hierarchy process, the subjective and objective weights of the index attributes are determined, respectively, and then they are combined with the product method to obtain the combined weight. Second, to make full use of the information carried by the index attributes, a polygon area formed by the adjacent points of the reference sequence curve and alternative sequence curve is used as gray relational coefficient. Third, by combining with the combined weight and the gray relational coefficients, an improved gray relational degree is thus determined. Finally, the numerical results illustrate that the battle damage assessment is generally consistent with the assessment results of experts, and the achieved result will provide important information to make a correct decision for carrying out a next strike.

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Pakkar, Mohammad Sadegh. "An integrated approach to grey relational analysis, analytic hierarchy process and data envelopment analysis." Journal of Centrum Cathedra 9, no. 1 (September 2, 2016): 71–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcc-08-2016-0005.

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Purpose This paper aims to propose an integration of the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and data envelopment analysis (DEA) methods in a multiattribute grey relational analysis (GRA) methodology in which the attribute weights are completely unknown and the attribute values take the form of fuzzy numbers. Design/methodology/approach This research has been organized to proceed along the following steps: computing the grey relational coefficients for alternatives with respect to each attribute using a fuzzy GRA methodology. Grey relational coefficients provide the required (output) data for additive DEA models; computing the priority weights of attributes using the AHP method to impose weight bounds on attribute weights in additive DEA models; computing grey relational grades using a pair of additive DEA models to assess the performance of each alternative from the optimistic and pessimistic perspectives; and combining the optimistic and pessimistic grey relational grades using a compromise grade to assess the overall performance of each alternative. Findings The proposed approach provides a more reasonable and encompassing measure of performance, based on which the overall ranking position of alternatives is obtained. An illustrated example of a nuclear waste dump site selection is used to highlight the usefulness of the proposed approach. Originality/value This research is a step forward to overcome the current shortcomings in the weighting schemes of attributes in a fuzzy multiattribute GRA methodology.

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Schek, H. J., and M. H. Scholl. "The relational model with relation-valued attributes." Information Systems 11, no. 2 (January 1986): 137–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0306-4379(86)90003-7.

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Zakrzewska-Bielawska, Agnieszka, and Dagmara Lewicka. "A company’s relational strategy: Linkage between strategic choices, attributes, and outcomes." PLOS ONE 16, no. 7 (July 22, 2021): e0254531. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254531.

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Nowadays, the idea of firms’ atomization is rejected and companies are perceived as entities embedded in inter-organizational relationships and their configurations, including dyads and networks. The relational view in strategic management thus prompts research on a firm’s relational strategy. This paper taps this gap considering links between strategic choices and attributes of a company’s inter-organizational relationships, as well as the outcomes achieved by collaboration with different groups of stakeholders. We test the model based on research carried out on a representative sample of 400 enterprises operating in Poland and on international markets. The results of structural equation modeling show that 1) the outcomes of collaboration reflect market benefits and are dependent on the durability of the inter-organizational relationships and the heterogeneity of the supply chain relationships, 2) durability as an attribute of the relational strategy depends on the choice of how to create and appropriate value, and 3) in turn, the attribute of heterogeneity of the relational strategy depends on what type of partners are selected. Thereby, we deliver managerial implications on how to create a relational strategy to achieve a relational rent and better a company’s market position.

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Demetrovics, Janos, Nguyen Long Giang, Vu Duc Thi, and Pham Viet Anh. "On the Problem Related to Reductive Attributes in the Incomplete Decision Tables." Serdica Journal of Computing 16, no. 1 (July 11, 2022): 24–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.55630/sjc.2022.16.24-38.

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Attribute reduction is a key problem in the process of data mining and knowledge discovery. Up to now, many attribute reduction algorithms in incomplete decision tables have been proposed. However, the research results related to conditional attributes and reduct of incomplete decision tables are still limited. By relational database approach, this paper investigates some properties of conditional attributes and proposes an algorithm to determine all reductive attributes of consistent incomplete decision tables in polynomial time. The proposed algorithm is an effective tool to eliminate all redundant attributes in data pre-processing in order to improve the efficiency of data mining models.

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Wang, Siqi, Guiwu Wei, Jiang Wu, Cun Wei, and Yanfeng Guo. "Model for selection of hospital constructions with probabilistic linguistic GRP method." Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems 40, no. 1 (January 4, 2021): 1245–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jifs-201543.

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Probabilistic linguistic term sets are used to express uncertain decision information in multiple attribute group decision making problems. For probabilistic linguistic multiple attribute group decision making (MAGDM) with weight determined by CRITIC (Criteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation) method, the probabilistic linguistic grey relational projection method is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the correlation coefficient among attributes and standard deviation of each attribute are utilized to compute the attributes weights. Then the most ideal alternative is decided by means of counting the grey relational projection (GRP) from probabilistic linguistic positive ideal solution and probabilistic linguistic negative ideal solution. In the end, a numerical example for site selection of hospital constructions is applied to further account for the extended method. The result demonstrates the availability of the proposed method and it can be used in other fields which refers to problems of selection.

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Anthvanet, L. Jeromia, A. Rajkumar, and D. Nagarajan. "A Study on Plithogenic Fuzzy Relational Mapping and Its Application in Python Program." International Journal of Neutrosophic Science 19, no. 02 (2022): 42–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.54216/ijns.190204.

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In this research paper, we explore the notion of Plithogenic Fuzzy Relational Mapping (PFRM) and its applications. Plithogenic Fuzzy Relational Mapping concept is utilized as a logical procedure with a defined contradiction degree to evaluate multiple attributes. A Plithogenic fuzzy relational matrix is used as the adjacency matrix. Using Plithogenic fuzzy union and intersection operators, the resultant vector is calculated. The degree of contradiction for each attribute value with the dominating attribute gives a way to better accurate results. A case study has been taken and we have implemented the newly proposed idea. Python Program has been written using the algorithm proposed and we have obtained the result as well.

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Grošup, Tomáš, Ladislav Peška, and Tomáš Skopal. "On augmenting database schemas by latent visual attributes." Knowledge and Information Systems 63, no. 9 (August 12, 2021): 2277–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10115-021-01595-z.

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AbstractDecision-making in our everyday lives is surrounded by visually important information. Fashion, housing, dating, food or travel are just a few examples. At the same time, most commonly used tools for information retrieval operate on relational and text-based search models which are well understood by end users, but unable to directly cover visual information contained in images or videos. Researcher communities have been trying to reveal the semantics of multimedia in the last decades with ever-improving results, dominated by the success of deep learning. However, this does not close the gap to relational retrieval model on its own and often rather solves a very specialized task like assigning one of pre-defined classes to each object within a closed application ecosystem. Retrieval models based on these novel techniques are difficult to integrate in existing application-agnostic environments built around relational databases, and therefore, they are not so widely used in the industry. In this paper, we address the problem of closing the gap between visual information retrieval and relational database model. We propose and formalize a model for discovering candidates for new relational attributes by analysis of available visual content. We design and implement a system architecture supporting the attribute extraction, suggestion and acceptance processes. We apply the solution in the context of e-commerce and show how it can be seamlessly integrated with SQL environments widely used in the industry. At last, we evaluate the system in a user study and discuss the obtained results.

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Vizilter, Yu V., O. V. Vygolov, S. Yu Zheltov, and A. V. Morzhin. "MORPHOLOGICAL IMAGE ANALYSIS BASED ON ATTRIBUTE AND RELATIONAL REPRESENTATIONS OF MOSAIC IMAGE MODELS." Vestnik komp'iuternykh i informatsionnykh tekhnologii, no. 204 (June 2021): 19–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.14489/vkit.2021.06.pp.019-028.

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A unified scheme for morphological analysis based on attribute and relational representations of mosaic image models is proposed. We consider 4 main types of model representation: functional-attribute (2D feature map), functional-relational (4D relational map), structure-resource-attribute (an area list with resources and attributes), and structure-resource-relational (a graph, which nodes correspond to regions and edges – to relations and both having resource attributes). In this case, the forms of representation of the model are equivalent to each other, in the sense that they contain the same information, there is a one-to-one correspondence between them, and the formulas for the transition from one representation to another can be written out explicitly. In this scheme, the construction of specific morphological operator for some complete image model presumes the separation of this model into two parts: the guiding (modifying) part, which determines the transformation algorithm, and the guided (modifiable) part to be transformed. These two parts of the model can intersect, therefore cannot be called “variable” and “constant” components. As a basic sample, we consider the halftone Pyt’ev morphology. We explore the specifics of different-sort models, introduce the mutual models and propose different tools for creation of model-based morphological operators. Further, various other morphological systems can be described and explored using the proposed generalized approach.

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Özsoyoğlu, G., Z. M. Özsoyoğlu, and V. Matos. "Extending relational algebra and relational calculus with set-valued attributes and aggregate functions." ACM Transactions on Database Systems 12, no. 4 (November 1987): 566–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/32204.32219.

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Medin, Douglas L., Robert L. Goldstone, and Dedre Gentner. "Similarity Involving Attributes and Relations: Judgments of Similarity and Difference Are Not Inverses." Psychological Science 1, no. 1 (January 1990): 64–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.1990.tb00069.x.

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Conventional wisdom and previous research suggest that similarity judgments and difference judgments are inverses of one another. An exception to this rule arises when both relational similarity and attributional similarity are considered. When presented with choices that are relationally or attributionally similar to a standard, human subjects tend to pick the relationally similar choice as more similar to the standard and as more different from the standard. These results not only reinforce the general distinction between attributes and relations but also show that attributes and relations are dynamically distinct in the processes that give rise to similarity and difference judgments.

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Johnson, J. C., J. S. Boster, and D. Holbert. "Estimating relational attributes from snowball samples through simulation." Social Networks 11, no. 2 (June 1989): 135–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-8733(89)90009-9.

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Christopoulos, Dimitrios C. "Relational attributes of political entrepreneurs: a network perspective." Journal of European Public Policy 13, no. 5 (August 2006): 757–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13501760600808964.

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Michelson, M., and C. A. Knoblock. "Creating Relational Data from Unstructured and Ungrammatical Data Sources." Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 31 (March 28, 2008): 543–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1613/jair.2409.

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In order for agents to act on behalf of users, they will have to retrieve and integrate vast amounts of textual data on the World Wide Web. However, much of the useful data on the Web is neither grammatical nor formally structured, making querying difficult. Examples of these types of data sources are online classifieds like Craigslist and auction item listings like eBay. We call this unstructured, ungrammatical data "posts." The unstructured nature of posts makes query and integration difficult because the attributes are embedded within the text. Also, these attributes do not conform to standardized values, which prevents queries based on a common attribute value. The schema is unknown and the values may vary dramatically making accurate search difficult. Creating relational data for easy querying requires that we define a schema for the embedded attributes and extract values from the posts while standardizing these values. Traditional information extraction (IE) is inadequate to perform this task because it relies on clues from the data, such as structure or natural language, neither of which are found in posts. Furthermore, traditional information extraction does not incorporate data cleaning, which is necessary to accurately query and integrate the source. The two-step approach described in this paper creates relational data sets from unstructured and ungrammatical text by addressing both issues. To do this, we require a set of known entities called a "reference set." The first step aligns each post to each member of each reference set. This allows our algorithm to define a schema over the post and include standard values for the attributes defined by this schema. The second step performs information extraction for the attributes, including attributes not easily represented by reference sets, such as a price. In this manner we create a relational structure over previously unstructured data, supporting deep and accurate queries over the data as well as standard values for integration. Our experimental results show that our technique matches the posts to the reference set accurately and efficiently and outperforms state-of-the-art extraction systems on the extraction task from posts.

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Khosravi, Hassan, Oliver Schulte, Tong Man, Xiaoyuan Xu, and Bahareh Bina. "Structure Learning for Markov Logic Networks with Many Descriptive Attributes." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 24, no. 1 (July 3, 2010): 487–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v24i1.7685.

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Many machine learning applications that involve relational databases incorporate first-order logic and probability. Markov Logic Networks (MLNs) are a prominent statistical relational model that consist of weighted first order clauses. Many of the current state-of-the-art algorithms for learning MLNs have focused on relatively small datasets with few descriptive attributes, where predicates are mostly binary and the main task is usually prediction of links between entities. This paper addresses what is in a sense a complementary problem: learning the structure of an MLN that models the distribution of discrete descriptive attributes on medium to large datasets, given the links between entities in a relational database. Descriptive attributes are usually nonbinary and can be very informative, but they increase the search space of possible candidate clauses. We present an efficient new algorithm for learning a directed relational model (parametrized Bayes net), which produces an MLN structure via a standard moralization procedure for converting directed models to undirected models. Learning MLN structure in this way is 200-1000 times faster and scores substantially higher in predictive accuracy than benchmark algorithms on three relational databases.

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RANDALL, D. J., H. J. HAMILTON, and R. J. HILDERMAN. "TEMPORAL GENERALIZATION WITH DOMAIN GENERALIZATION GRAPHS." International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 13, no. 02 (March 1999): 195–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218001499000124.

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This paper addresses the problem of using domain generalization graphs to generalize temporal data extracted from relational databases. A domain generalization graph associated with an attribute defines a partial order which represents a set of generalization relations for the attribute. We propose formal specifications for domain generalization graphs associated with calendar (date and time) attributes. These graphs are reusable (i.e. can be used to generalize any calendar attributes), adaptable (i.e. can be extended or restricted as appropriate for particular applications), and transportable (i.e. can be used with any database containing a calendar attribute).

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Kumar, Manoj, and O. P. Verma. "Content characteristics based robust watermarking for relational database: a new approach to database security." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 1.9 (March 1, 2018): 234. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i1.9.10003.

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Digital data such as text, relational database, audio, video and software are intellectual property of creators/ writers/owners. The database services have become easily available and economical since the booming of internet. However, their outsourcing through the internet accompanies multiple threats like copying, modifying as well as unauthorized distribution. Relational Database has a wide-spread use in many real-life applications, hence, it is essential to maintain integrity and provide copyright protection. To counter the threats, watermarking techniques have been playing a vital role since the last decade. As a security measure, Relational Database Watermarking is becoming more popular and strengthened day-by-day. This is also one of the upcoming areas of interest among researchers of the Database Security. A technique earlier used for Image Watermarking is applied to watermark Relational Databases. In Image Watermarking technique, a pixel or a pair of pixels must satisfy certain characteristics. Usually, database watermarking techniques concentrate on hiding a watermark in database. Extraction and matching of hidden watermark with original watermark confirms ownership of database. This paper demonstrates the use of image watermarking technique for relational databases. Here we align some properties of attributes of database by changing some bit(s) in attribute value. Using secret key, we have ensured that values of two attributes of a tuples satisfy some bit-similarity property and to do so, we slightly alter values of attributes. Detection of such characteristic in a database using secret key can be done easily to verify the presence of a watermark.

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Kumar, Manoj, and O. P. Verma. "Content Characteristics Based Robust Watermarking for Relational Database: A New Approach to Database Security." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 1.9 (March 1, 2018): 302. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i1.9.12694.

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Digital data such as text, relational database, audio, video and software are intellectual property of creators/ writers/owners. The database services have become easily available and economical since the booming of internet. However, their outsourcing through the internet accompanies multiple threats like copying, modifying as well as unauthorized distribution. Relational Database has a wide-spread use in many real-life applications, hence, it is essential to maintain integrity and provide copyright protection. To counter the threats, watermarking techniques have been playing a vital role since the last decade. As a security measure, Relational Database Watermarking is becoming more popular and strengthened day-by-day. This is also one of the upcoming areas of interest among researchers of the Database Security. A technique earlier used for Image Watermarking is applied to watermark Relational Databases. In Image Watermarking technique, a pixel or a pair of pixels must satisfy certain characteristics. Usually, database watermarking techniques concentrate on hiding a watermark in database. Extraction and matching of hidden watermark with original watermark confirms ownership of database. This paper demonstrates the use of image watermarking technique for relational databases. Here we align some properties of attributes of database by changing some bit(s) in attribute value. Using secret key, we have ensured that values of two attributes of a tuples satisfy some bit-similarity property and to do so, we slightly alter values of attributes. Detection of such characteristic in a database using secret key can be done easily to verify the presence of a watermark.

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Pakkar, Mohammad Sadegh. "Hierarchy grey relational analysis using DEA and AHP." PSU Research Review 1, no. 2 (August 14, 2017): 150–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/prr-05-2017-0028.

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Purpose This paper aims to apply an integrated data envelopment analysis (DEA) and analytic hierarchy process (AHP) approach to a multi-hierarchy grey relational analysis (GRA) model. Consistent with the most real-life applications, the authors focus on a two-level hierarchy in which the attributes of similar characteristics can be grouped into categories. Nevertheless, the proposed approach can be easily extended to a three-level hierarchy in which attributes might also belong to different sub-categories and further be linked to categories. Design/methodology/approach The procedure of incorporating the DEA and AHP methods in a two-level GRA may be broken down into a series of steps. The first three steps are under the heading of attributes and the latter three steps are under the heading of categories as follows: computing the grey relational coefficients of attributes for each alternative using the basic GRA model which further provides the required (output) data for an additive DEA model; computing the priority weights of attributes and categories using the AHP method which provides a priori information on the adjustments of attributes and categories in additive DEA models; computing the grey relational grades of attributes in each category for alternatives using an additive DEA model; converting the grey relational grades of attributes to the grey relational coefficients of categories; computing the grey relational grades of categories for alternatives using an additive DEA model; computing the dissimilarity grades of categories for the tied alternatives using an additive DEA exclusion model. Findings The proposed approach provides a more reasonable and encompassing measure of performance in a hierarchy GRA, based on which the overall ranking position of alternatives is obtained. A case study of a wastewater treatment technology selection verifies the effectiveness of this approach. Originality/value This research is a step forward to overcome the current shortcomings in a hierarchy GRA by extracting the benefits from both the objective and subjective weighting methods.

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Zhu, Liang, Bin Liu, Guang Liu, and Quan Long Lei. "Processing Relational Top-N Queries with Text and Numeric Attributes." Applied Mechanics and Materials 490-491 (January 2014): 1326–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.490-491.1326.

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Relational top-N queries with both text attributes and numeric attributes are useful in many applications, by using the ranking functions based on both semantic distances for text attributes and numeric distances for numeric attributes. In this paper, we propose an approach for processing such type of top-N queries in relational databases. The basic idea of the approach is to create an index based on WordNet to expand the tuple words semantically for text attributes and on the related information of numeric attributes, meanwhile the size of the index increases linearly with the size of the database. The results of extensive experiments show that our method is efficient and effective.

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Abdul Rahman, A., H. Rashidan, I. A. Musliman, G. Buyuksalih, S. Bayburt, and P. Baskaraca. "3D GEOSPATIAL DATABASE SCHEMA FOR ISTANBUL 3D CITY MODEL." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-4/W16 (October 1, 2019): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-4-w16-11-2019.

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Abstract. This paper describes the development of 3D database for Istanbul 3D city models. The schema is based on object-relational technology and also called spatially-enhanced relational database management system (SRDBMS). The 3D city models were generated based on LiDAR points cloud with other several typical GIS datasets like terrain, orthophoto, Point of Interests (POIs), and other attribute data. The database is based on PostGIS schema and CityGML schema (3DCityDB). Two major datasets, namely, terrain data (with several formats), and 3D city models were populated in the database. Terrain and attributes data retrieval are based on Web Feature Service (WFS) whereas 3D models were visualized via 3D Tiles format in Cesium platform. Two issues were also highlighted in the paper with respect to 3D attributes linkages and 3D complex objects.

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Zhang, Xu, Yahui Tian, Guoyu Guan, and Yulia R. Gel. "Depth-based classification for relational data with multiple attributes." Journal of Multivariate Analysis 184 (July 2021): 104732. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmva.2021.104732.

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Sailor, Kevin M., and Edward J. Shoben. "The role of categorical information in processing relational attributes." Memory & Cognition 24, no. 6 (November 1996): 756–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/bf03201100.

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Nan, Gao. "The Relational Attributes of the Meaning of Literary Works." Social Sciences in China 38, no. 4 (October 2, 2017): 183–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02529203.2017.1376980.

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Ahmed, Chowdhury Farhan, Nicolas Lachiche, Clément Charnay, Soufiane El Jelali, and Agnès Braud. "Flexible propositionalization of continuous attributes in relational data mining." Expert Systems with Applications 42, no. 21 (November 2015): 7698–709. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2015.05.053.

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Perlich, Claudia, and Foster Provost. "Distribution-based aggregation for relational learning with identifier attributes." Machine Learning 62, no. 1-2 (January 27, 2006): 65–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10994-006-6064-1.

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Eriksson, Kent, and Cecilia Hermansson. "How relationship attributes affect bank customers’ saving." International Journal of Bank Marketing 37, no. 1 (February 4, 2019): 156–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijbm-09-2017-0194.

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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to determine how three relational attributes – duration, context and trust – are subjectively perceived by bank customers, and how these affect their saving behavior, as defined by monthly flows to mutual funds and the financial products bought and held in stock.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use a combination of unique bank register and subjective survey data, and a structural equation model for theory development. Four constructs are developed to estimate the structural model, i.e. saving behavior, duration, context and trust.FindingsThe authors find that all three relational attributes have positive effects on saving behavior. The authors also find that duration and context have the largest total effects, and that trust is a mediating variable channeling indirect effects from context and duration to saving behavior.Practical implicationsOne implication for bank managers is that it takes time and understanding of customer context to gain customer trust, but that this increases customer savings. Another implication is that the authors confirm that relational attributes can be studied using subjective measures in surveys, and that these have an effect on objective savings behavior. The findings provide an understanding that could develop both the customer’s value and the banks’ business opportunities.Originality/valueThe impact of relationships between bank advisors and their customers in terms of costs and benefits has been studied, but a little research has focused on the attributes of the relationship and how these affect customers’ saving behavior. The study also uses unique objective bank register data, combined with customers’ subjective perceptions of the relationship.

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Munton, Donald James. "Les puissances secondaires et l’influence des attributs relationnels : le cas du Canada et de sa politique extérieure." Études internationales 10, no. 3 (April 12, 2005): 471–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/700962ar.

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Analyses et middle or « lesser » powers, unlike those of great and small powers, have not secured a distinctive place in the international politics literature and have generally not contributed to or borrowed from contemporary theoretical developments. The present study examines the foreign policy behavior of a lesser power (Canada) with an interrelated set of hypotheses drawn from theories explaining behavior as a function of the attributes of targets and actors. The four « relational » attributes employed here are status, salience, similarity, and proximity. Quantitative measures for these relational factors and for five categories of Canadian behavior across 51 (Canada to x) dyads are developed with particular attention being paid to questions of empirical-theoretical fit. Correlational analysis reveals many of the relational attributes and indicators explain a significant amount of variation in the behavior measures. Greater status, salience and proximity generally lead to more frequent Canadian activity. Status differences are particularly strongly related to all five types of dyadic behavior. Similarity appears a less influential factor. A further partial correlation analysis suggests that for Canada the relational attributes are interrelated with each other and with behavior in a patterned way. Greater proximity leads to increased salience, as do greater status and similarity. In turn, greater salience, status and similarity all lead to more frequent behavior of most types. These results tend to support some and refute other general hypotheses about target-actor attributes and behavior, and perhaps suggest some particular features of lesser power activity.

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ANDERSSON, MARTIN. "EXTRACTING AN ENTITY RELATIONSHIP SCHEMA FROM A RELATIONAL DATABASE THROUGH REVERSE ENGINEERING." International Journal of Cooperative Information Systems 04, no. 02n03 (June 1995): 259–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218843095000111.

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This article presents a method for extracting a conceptual schema from a relational database. The method is based on an analysis of data manipulation statements in the code of an application using a relational DBMS. Attributes representing references between tables in the relational schema and possible keys are determined by an analysis of join conditions in queries and view definitions. Knowledge about which attributes link tables is used to investigate the database extension in a selective manner. When the keys cannot be unambiguously determined, possible solutions are generated by the system under guidance of the user. The approach makes it possible to efficiently construct a conceptual schema from only rudimentary information.

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Smit, Brigitte. "Expanding Educational Leadership Theories through Qualitative Relational Methodologies." Magis, Revista Internacional de Investigación en Educación 11, no. 22 (October 16, 2018): 75–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.11144/javeriana.m11-22.eelt.

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Educational leadership is conceptualised through a relational framework and empirically understood through qualitative relational methodologies such as relational ethics, ethics of care and narrative inquiry. Empirical data from narrative interviews revealed that in many cases where the school principals honed values such as care and relational attributes in their daily leadership practices, learners were more likely to respond to such relational and caring practices, which they witnessed and experienced. It appears that relational methodologies can elicit relational leadership styles, which set caring and supportive examples for both teachers and learners, adding much worth to a favourable educational landscape.

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Alfred, Rayner. "Optimizing Feature Construction Process for Dynamic Aggregation of Relational Attributes." Journal of Computer Science 5, no. 11 (November 1, 2009): 864–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3844/jcssp.2009.864.877.

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Al-Saraireh, Jaafer, and Majid Hassan. "A New Attribute-Based Access Control Model for RDBMS." Cybernetics and Information Technologies 22, no. 4 (November 1, 2022): 3–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cait-2022-0036.

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Abstract One of the challenges in Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) implementation is acquiring sufficient metadata against entities and attributes. Intelligent mining and extracting ABAC policies and attributes make ABAC implementation more feasible and cost-effective. This research paper focuses on attribute extraction from an existing enterprise relational database management system – RDBMS. The proposed approach tends to first classify entities according to some aspects of RDBMS systems. By reverse engineering, some metadata elements and ranking values are calculated for each part. Then entities and attributes are assigned a final rank that helps to decide what attribute subset is a candidate to be an optimal input for ABAC implementation. The proposed approach has been tested and implemented against an existing enterprise RDBMS, and the results are then evaluated. The approach enables the choice to trade-off between accuracy and overhead. The results score an accuracy of up to 80% with no overhead or 88% of accuracy with 65% overhead.

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Ren, Xiangmin, Boxuan Jia, and Kechao Wang. "Anatomy: Uncertain Data k-Anonymity Privacy Protection Algorithm." Applied Mechanics and Materials 433-435 (October 2013): 1689–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.433-435.1689.

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Uncertain data management has become an important research direction and a hot area of research. This paper proposes an UDAK-anonymity algorithm via anatomy for relational uncertain data. Uncertain data influence matrix based on background knowledge is built in order to describe the influence degree of sensitive attribute and Quasi-identifier (QI) attributes. We use generalization and BK(L,K)-clustering to present equivalent class, L makes sensitive attributes diversity in one equivalent class. Experimental results show that UDAK-anonymity algorithm are utility, effective and efficient, and can make anonymous uncertainty data effectively resist background knowledge attack and homogeneity attack.

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Globerman, Steven, and Bo Bernhard Nielsen. "Trust and the governance of international strategic alliances." Corporate Ownership and Control 3, no. 4 (2006): 202–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv3i4c1p6.

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The aim of this study is to deepen our understanding of the choice of governance mode in international strategic alliances (ISAs) by examining the relationships between opportunism, trust and equity versus on-equity-based governance of ISAs. Previous studies provide ambiguous results regarding the linkages between opportunism, trust and governance form. To resolve this ambiguity, we identify the separate influences of the relational attributes of the partners, host country macro environmental attributes and characteristics of ISA transactional activities on governance choice in ISAs. Empirical estimation using primary data on international strategic alliances involving Danish firms indicate a particularly strong relationship between attributes of alliance partners and ISA governance mode. Specifically, trustworthiness appears to be a substitute for administrative control. In addition, we find attributes of “host country «governance to be relevant to the choice of ISA governance mode, although relational attributes seem far more important

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Pliekhova, Ganna, Olena Alisejko, and Zoia Kochuieva. "Application of semantic models and criteria equivalence of data to increase efficiency func-tioning of economic systems." Vehicle and electronics. Innovative technologies, no. 19 (May 1, 2021): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.30977/veit.2021.19.0.41.

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Problem. In modern society, the role of modeling as a way of cognizing objects with complex structures is growing. The problem of development of models and criteria of semantic equivalence of data under the condition of their lexical ambiguity in relation to relational databases is considered. This is due to the impossibility or undesirability of conducting an experiment on real objects. Modeling was initially applied in "well" studied subject areas (for which the basic laws of object interaction were already known. This knowledge made it possible to set a priori the class of used models of the subject area and reduce the task to setting the model parameters according to the available experimental data. A fundamental change in the modeling scheme occurred during the transition to the development of modeling systems for "weakly" formalized subject areas, where the structure itself and the class of applicable models must be refined in the course of research. The widespread use of relational DB and their use in a wide variety of applications shows that the relational data model is sufficient for modeling domains. Results. The purpose of developing criteria is to prevent relational algebra operations on attributes with lexical and semantic ambiguity. Methods of developing methods and criteria are based on the use of mathematical methods and the use of modern information technology. The scientific novelty is to solve the problem of semantic comparability of relational relations attributes by means of relational model, which allows to effectively solve problems of prevention of relational algebra operations, which lead to data destruction due to ambiguity of lexical and semantic meanings of attribute names. The practical significance lies in the development of methods for organizing access to data in large subject areas, which together with the degree of efficiency of their processing serve as the foundation of the modern information industry and normalizes the vocabulary of subject area description and coordination of management tasks within a single approach.

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Eriksson, Kent, and Cecilia Hermansson. "Do consumers subjectively perceive relationships in objectively defined relational, interimistic, and transactional exchange in financial services?" International Journal of Bank Marketing 35, no. 3 (May 15, 2017): 472–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijbm-09-2016-0130.

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Purpose Customer interactions with sellers change as social interactions in society change. The old dichotomy between transaction and relation exchange may no longer be valid as customers form relationships with sellers in new ways. It is against this background that the authors study how customers’ subjective perception of relational exchange appears in objectively defined transactional and relational exchange forms. The authors study one bank’s customers, and, based on objective bank records, the authors identify segments that behave as transactional and relational customers. The authors also identify a group of customers who are in between transactional and relational, and the authors call these interimistic relational, since they interact repeatedly with the bank in a short period of time. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach The authors study how subjective attributes of relational exchange differ in objectively defined transactional, interimistic, and relational customer groups. The authors use a large data set, consisting of a combination of survey and objective bank records for 90,528 bank customers. Findings Findings are that the old dichotomy between transaction and relation is no longer valid, since customers’ exchange behavior and perception of exchange do not match up when it comes to the transaction-relation dichotomy. The authors find empirical evidence for that the subjective relational attributes can be observed in objectively defined relational, interimistic, and transactional customer groups. Overall, subjective relational attributes are strongest in the objective relational group; they are weaker in the interimistic group. Relational attributes are weakest, but still present, in the transactional group. Practical implications The findings presented here suggest strong support for relationship marketing practice, since even customers who behave transactionally perceive that they have an element of relationship with the seller. The authors find that customers may behave in a relational, interimistic, and transactional way, but that they perceive themselves as more or less relational. The practical implication is that customer analysis should focus on exchange forms, and that it is essential to analyze how exchange changes, and how multiple exchange forms may be combined in customer behavior and perception. Social implications The social implications of this paper are that marketers should consider the exchange between customer and financial service supplier as more or less of a relationship, and more or less of a service. Financial service firm strategies and regulation of financial services should acknowledge that no financial service transaction is independent of the relationship between the financial service provider and the customer. It may seem so objectively, but subjectively, it is not. Originality/value The authors present a unique comparison of objective and subjective customer exchange. There are two contributions that come from this research. The first is that customers perceive themselves as partially relational, even though they behave transactionally. The other contribution is that the authors identified interimistic relational exchange (IRE) as an exchange form in between relational and transactional. IRE can potentially be very important for market research and practice, as it captures modern market behavior. In today’s world, consumers form their perceptions in a multitude of ways, and may therefore have relational attitudes and transactional behaviors. More research is needed into how consumer perceptions and behaviors relate to each other, and how it impacts consumer purchase of financial services.

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Li, Qiaozhe, Xin Zhao, Ran He, and Kaiqi Huang. "Visual-Semantic Graph Reasoning for Pedestrian Attribute Recognition." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 33 (July 17, 2019): 8634–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v33i01.33018634.

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Pedestrian attribute recognition in surveillance is a challenging task due to poor image quality, significant appearance variations and diverse spatial distribution of different attributes. This paper treats pedestrian attribute recognition as a sequential attribute prediction problem and proposes a novel visual-semantic graph reasoning framework to address this problem. Our framework contains a spatial graph and a directed semantic graph. By performing reasoning using the Graph Convolutional Network (GCN), one graph captures spatial relations between regions and the other learns potential semantic relations between attributes. An end-to-end architecture is presented to perform mutual embedding between these two graphs to guide the relational learning for each other. We verify the proposed framework on three large scale pedestrian attribute datasets including PETA, RAP, and PA100k. Experiments show superiority of the proposed method over state-of-the-art methods and effectiveness of our joint GCN structures for sequential attribute prediction.

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Arisman, Ari, and Depy Muhamad Pauzy. "Mengukur Loyalitas Pelanggan Berdasarkan Pemasaran Relasional dan Kebijakan Harga Pada Bidang Usaha Retail Berbasis B2B di Kota Tasikmalaya." JURNAL EKONOMI PERJUANGAN 1, no. 1 (July 23, 2019): 14–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.36423/jumper.v1i1.207.

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The purpose of this study is to find the effect of relational marketing and pricing policies on customer loyalty in the B2B-based retail business in the City of Tasikmalaya. This research is descriptive and empirical. Descriptive research was conducted to obtain an overview of the attributes of online stores, consumer satisfaction and trust. While empirical research is conducted to determine the relationship between variables through statistical calculations. The technique of collecting data through questionnaires to 100 respondents who were consumers of sandal craft material stores based on Business to Business (B2B) using judgment sampling or purposive sampling techniques. As well as the analytical tool used in this study is path analysis (path analysis) where the attributes of relational marketing and price policies become exogenous variables and customer loyalty becomes variable. The results of this study indicate that relational marketing and pricing policies have an important role in creating customer loyalty. The better relational marketing and pricing policies, the more customer loyalty will increase.

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Griškevičius, Rolandas. "MODELLING RELATIONS BETWEEN TRANSPORTATION OBJECTS USING DISTRIBUTED ATTRIBUTE SETS." TRANSPORT 18, no. 4 (June 30, 2003): 157–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16483840.2003.10414088.

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Relational sets with distributed attributes (RSDA), described in this paper, are used to model relationships between transportation objects. RSDA is a data storage and management model, extending traditional model of E. F. Codd. It has a richer attribute semantics and intersection effect. Because relationships between transportation objects have rich semantics (i.e. relationship between a cargo and a means of transport), special methodology is required to capture relation singularities.

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Rungsithong, Rapeeporn, Klaus E. Meyer, and Anthony S. Roath. "Relational capabilities in Thai buyer-supplier relationships." Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing 32, no. 8 (October 2, 2017): 1228–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jbim-02-2017-0027.

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Purpose This paper uses the relational capabilities perspective to provide new insights into the mediating role of relational capabilities and their performance implications. Specially, this paper aims to explain how characteristics of a partnership influence relational capabilities that in turn enhance firm performance. Design/methodology/approach Using data from an original survey of 156 partnership projects between buyers and suppliers in the Thai manufacturing sector, the authors use a structural model to test their hypotheses. Findings The empirical analysis shows that the impact of relational and economic attributes of a partnership on firm performance is mediated by knowledge sharing routines and complementary capability. However, the impact varies between operational and strategic performance, as relational capabilities are strongly associated with operational performance but only indirectly associated with strategic performance. Practical implications The need to coordinate and mobilize complementary resources not only increases the interdependence between buyers and suppliers but also contributes to firm performance. Specifically, operations can be enhanced by knowledge sharing routines and complementary capability. At a strategic level, operational effectiveness enables firms to benefit from inter-organizational relationships. Originality/value The authors contribute to industrial marketing knowledge by shedding light on mediation of relational capabilities between inter-organizational attributes and firm performance. The findings demonstrate the value of the relationship between a firm’s supply chain and its relational capabilities which in turn drive project performance.

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Zhang, Hai Fei. "A On-Demand Mapping Method on Query Request in Relational Database Semantic Query." Applied Mechanics and Materials 411-414 (September 2013): 341–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.411-414.341.

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Relational database semantic query namely RDF access to relational database is an important issue in semantic Web research. To realize the query is to build mapping relation between relational database schema and ontology. However, there is natural isomerism between them. The isomerism can be eliminated by transforming relational database schema into similar ontology and then building mapping between conversion ontology and input ontology. This paper realized an ondemanding mapping method when users request query, avoided building all concepts and attributes mapping between conversion ontology and input ontology and improved mapping efficiency.

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Oleynik, Andrey G. "Storage organization for "open" sets of entity attributes in relational databases." Transaction Kola Science Centre 12, no. 5-2021 (December 27, 2021): 128–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.37614/2307-5252.2021.5.12.011.

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Relations are practically implemented by database management systems in the form of two-dimensional tables. In this regard, certain difficulties arise in the development of relational database schemas, in which it is necessary to represent objects with an alterable (open) set of attributes. The article proposes a solution to this problem by including special relations in the scheme - relations of properties directory. Properties directory allow replenishing the sets of object attributes without changing the structure of the database. Examples of the practical use of properties directory in the development of database schemas of two information systems are presented.

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Kujala, Johanna, Hanna Lehtimäki, and Päivi Myllykangas. "Toward a Relational Stakeholder Theory: Attributes of Value-creating Stakeholder Relationships." Academy of Management Proceedings 2016, no. 1 (January 2016): 13609. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2016.13609abstract.

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Tsang, Nelson Kee-Fu, and John Ap. "Tourists’ Perceptions of Relational Quality Service Attributes: A Cross-Cultural Study." Journal of Travel Research 45, no. 3 (February 2007): 355–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0047287506295911.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Relational attributes'

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