Relevant bibliographies by topics / Relatedness

Academic literature on the topic 'Relatedness'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 11 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Relatedness"

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Barth, Robert J. "Determining Injury-Relatedness, Work-Relatedness, and Claim-Relatedness." Guides Newsletter 17, no. 3 (May 1, 2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/amaguidesnewsletters.2012.mayjun01.

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Abstract The American Medical Association's Guides to the Evaluation of Disease and Injury Causation (Causation) is an important component of the AMA Guides library and delineates a type of evaluation that is distinctly different from a diagnostic evaluation, a treatment planning evaluation, a prognosis evaluation, or an impairment evaluation. Causation provides a protocol for determining whether a clinical presentation, in the context of a legal or administrative claim, may be credibly attributed to a claimed cause. This article presents the evaluation protocol from Causation, provides self-assessment questions (so users can check how well they complied with the protocol), highlights the protocol's value as a model for scientifically credible practice in general, and clarifies that the protocol is relevant to claims that involve issues related to forensic causation. Courts and administrative systems have an extremely unfortunate emphasis on opinions from experts rather than on facts. The protocol from Causation is a good example of how clinicians can focus on facts and avoid surrendering to the court or administrative system's emphasis on opinions. The protocol is standardized, objective, fact-based, and scientifically credible and involves the following: establish a diagnosis; apply relevant findings; obtain and assess evidence of exposure; consider other relevant factors; scrutinize the validity of the evidence; and evaluate results and generate conclusions.
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Rakib, Rashadul Hasan, Aminul Islam, and Evangelos Milios. "Improving text relatedness by incorporating phrase relatedness with word relatedness." Computational Intelligence 34, no. 3 (January 5, 2018): 939–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/coin.12152.

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Betz, Cecily Lynn. "Relatedness." Journal of Pediatric Nursing 19, no. 4 (August 2004): 235–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pedn.2004.06.002.

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Keipi, Teo. "Relatedness Online." YOUNG 26, no. 2 (September 24, 2017): 91–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1103308817715142.

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Greaves, William W., Rajiv Das, Judith Green McKenzie, Donald C. Sinclair, and Kurt T. Hegmann. "Work-Relatedness." Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 60, no. 12 (December 2018): e640-e646. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/jom.0000000000001492.

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Culley, Lorraine, and Nicky Hudson. "Constructing Relatedness." Current Sociology 57, no. 2 (March 2009): 249–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011392108099165.

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Johnson, J. A. "Semantic relatedness." Computers & Mathematics with Applications 29, no. 5 (March 1995): 51–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0898-1221(94)00248-j.

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Crary, Pamela. "Relatedness Matters." Holistic Nursing Practice 30, no. 6 (2016): 345–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/hnp.0000000000000177.

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Dujovne, Beatriz E. "Perverse relatedness." Psychoanalytic Psychology 19, no. 3 (2002): 525–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0736-9735.19.3.525.

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Milne, Leah. "Planetary Relatedness." American Book Review 36, no. 5 (2015): 7–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/abr.2015.0086.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Relatedness"

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Bergstrand, Hans, and Thor Brink. "Communicating Relatedness." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Institutionen för konst, kultur och kommunikation (K3), 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22695.

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This report is an evaluation of if it is good or bad to use a metaphor in order to display the results of an academic search engine in a web interface. In order to evaluate this we are describing our work with developing two different web interfaces for an academic search engine by the name Silverfish. This project has been a co-operation between Indian Institute of Information Technol- ogy in Bangalore, India and Malmˆ University K3, Sweden. To start our report we describe how we see our context we are to work within. We define our stakeholders as being academics worldwide and also define that we are working within a web 2.0 context. To strengthen our choices regarding the design process of the two different interfaces as well as in order to give more validity to our discussion surrounding metaphors we continue with presenting different studies and facts that give more weight to the above mentioned parts. To make it possible to create the interfaces we have made use of several methods. We give a short definition of how these methods are to be used and later describe in the design process how we have made use of them. To describe how we have made use of the methods as well as to describe how we have developed our prototypes we continue our report with describing the design process, regarding which deci- sions we have made and why we have made them. To summarize our report we come to a con- clusion regarding our thesis question; communicating related key phrases through web interface metaphors; good or bad? Regarding our question we have found that the orientational metaphor we are using does not work as it is supposed to. We believe that further studies are required in order to get a deeper un- derstanding of how the user understands the orientational metaphor we are using. This informa- tion could help us come to an understanding of how we could make better use of our orienta- tional metaphor, or help us find out of a metaphor that would be better to use than our orienta- tional metaphor.
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Pils, Frithjof. "Diversification, Relatedness, and Performance." Wiesbaden : Gabler Edition Wissenschaft, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8349-8181-3.

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Merry, Heather Raylene. "Measurement of genetic relatedness." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq24882.pdf.

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Costa, Rui Miguel. "Sexual behaviours, health, and relatedness." Thesis, University of the West of Scotland, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.544493.

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Previous research showed that greater frequency and/or orgasmic consistency of penilevaginal intercourse (PVI) are the only sexual behaviours that are consistently associated with indices of better physical and psychological health, and relationship quality. Other sexual activities (notably masturbation and anal sex) tend to be unrelated or even inversely related to indices of health and relatedness. Study 1 showed that, in a sample of largely Scottish women, more use of immature psychological defence mechanisms (associated with psychopathology and relationship difficulties) was associated with lesser orgasmic consistency through PVI, but unrelated or directly related to other sexual behaviours. Study 2 replicated many findings of Study 1 in a sample of persons of diverse countries (47.6% Scottish and 4.8% from other parts of UK), and also showed that men’s immature defences are associated with greater frequency of sexual behaviours other than PVI. Study 2 also demonstrated that greater orgasmic frequency of PVI and/or lesser frequency of other sexual activities are associated with indices of better health and relatedness, namely greater heart rate variability, greater conscientiousness, and less avoidant attachment, in both sexes, and with less anxious attachment and greater handgrip strength, in women. Study 3 showed the same pattern of findings regarding conscientiousness, in a sample of mostly Scottish University students, after controlling for potentially confounding personality traits, but the behaviour of some students raises concerns regarding the validity of the findings. Study 4 confirmed the pattern of findings regarding immature defence mechanisms and relationship quality, in a sample of cohabiting British, after controlling for a variety of socio-cultural factors related to traditional ideology and negative attitudes to noncoital sex. The results provide support for the hypothesis that evolution selected biopsychological phenotypes linking capacity to seek and appreciate PVI with health and relatedness, as one strategy for promoting gene propagation
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Miller, Douglas J. "Corporate diversification, relatedness, and performance." Connect to resource, 2000. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=osu1261069783.

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Mitzlaff, Folke [Verfasser]. "Relatedness in Evidence Networks / Folke Mitzlaff." Kassel : Universitätsbibliothek Kassel, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1060575418/34.

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David, Baylah 1942. "Relatedness and control: An empirical investigation." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/291951.

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This thesis develops the theoretical construct of "relatedness." Relatedness is defined as a sense of connectedness or meaning which provides for acceptance and serenity in the face of "the things I cannot change" and is an empirical extension of the work of Victor Frankl in Man's Search for Meaning. To examine the possible interaction between locus of control and an hypothesized "relatedness" phenomenon, four hundred forty four students of introductory psychology at the University of Arizona were given the Rotter Social Reaction Inventory and the Antonovsky Sense of Coherence Scale. A subscale measuring relatedness was constructed by factor analysis of Rotter and Antonovsky items combined. Five subscales of the Rotter were identified by factor analysis. Correlation was performed between the Relatedness subscale and the Rotter and its various subscales. Regression procedures were applied using Relatedness and Sex as independent variables and the Rotter as the dependent variable.
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Simpkins, Benjamin G. "Connectives and causal relatedness in expository text." Click here to access thesis, 2005. http://www.georgiasouthern.edu/etd/archive/Fall2005/bsimpkin/simpkins_benjamin_g_200505_ms.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Georgia Southern University, 2005.
"A thesis submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Georgia Southern University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Master of Science" ETD. Includes bibliographical references (p. 54-57)
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Flora, J. K. "Relatedness, loneliness and longing in Qeqertaq, Greenland." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.599087.

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This is an ethnographic study of the concept of suicide in Qeqertaq, a small settlement in northwest Greenland. Research into suicide is often driven by a quest for identifying causalities. However, this study suggests it is by taking a broader view that a very different and local causality of suicide emerges. This thesis suggests that suicide may be understood as an extreme way of recreating relatedness. Part I: Relatedness: Having been bestowed the names of recently deceased relatives upon birth each person in Qeqertaq is a ‘returned person’. Names are vehicles for relatedness and personhood, which achieve their full potential, through repeated acts and processes of re-invoking relatedness. Uttering names and kinship terminologies in particular ways, sharing and eating particular foods and visiting particular places in the landscape are ways of re-invoking relatedness. This continuum, I suggest, feeds into a particular form of morality of circumventing feelings of longing, homesickness, bereavement and loneliness. Part II: Loneliness: Although people without relatives are virtually non-existent, they recognise loneliness as a predicament that can defeat anyone if relatedness is not re-invoked. Local concepts and feelings of longing and homesickness are instrumental in maintaining both relatedness as well as the aversion to loneliness and thus bring relatedness and loneliness together in such a way that the re-invocation of one becomes a vehicle for the continued re-invocation of the other. Both relatedness and loneliness are tied up with expectations and disappointments in relatedness and I argue that their interplay is part of a broader social pattern of ‘turning towards’ and ‘turning away’ of which the disappointed characters of the suicide and the dangerous ghost-like figure of qivittoq are parts. By comparing suicide and qivittoq as two extraordinary characters that ‘turn away’ and cross a threshold into loneliness, I suggest that their differences rest on the degree of irreversibility in which they ‘turn away’.
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Hassan, Samer. "Measuring Semantic Relatedness Using Salient Encyclopedic Concepts." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2011. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc84212/.

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While pragmatics, through its integration of situational awareness and real world relevant knowledge, offers a high level of analysis that is suitable for real interpretation of natural dialogue, semantics, on the other end, represents a lower yet more tractable and affordable linguistic level of analysis using current technologies. Generally, the understanding of semantic meaning in literature has revolved around the famous quote ``You shall know a word by the company it keeps''. In this thesis we investigate the role of context constituents in decoding the semantic meaning of the engulfing context; specifically we probe the role of salient concepts, defined as content-bearing expressions which afford encyclopedic definitions, as a suitable source of semantic clues to an unambiguous interpretation of context. Furthermore, we integrate this world knowledge in building a new and robust unsupervised semantic model and apply it to entail semantic relatedness between textual pairs, whether they are words, sentences or paragraphs. Moreover, we explore the abstraction of semantics across languages and utilize our findings into building a novel multi-lingual semantic relatedness model exploiting information acquired from various languages. We demonstrate the effectiveness and the superiority of our mono-lingual and multi-lingual models through a comprehensive set of evaluations on specialized synthetic datasets for semantic relatedness as well as real world applications such as paraphrase detection and short answer grading. Our work represents a novel approach to integrate world-knowledge into current semantic models and a means to cross the language boundary for a better and more robust semantic relatedness representation, thus opening the door for an improved abstraction of meaning that carries the potential of ultimately imparting understanding of natural language to machines.
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Books on the topic "Relatedness"

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Pils, Frithjof. Diversification, Relatedness, and Performance. Wiesbaden: Gabler, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8349-8181-3.

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Freeman, Tabitha, Susanna Graham, Fatemeh Ebtehaj, and Martin Richards, eds. Relatedness in Assisted Reproduction. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781139814737.

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Pils, Frithjof. Diversification, Relatedness, and Performance. Wiesbaden: Gabler Verlag / GWV Fachverlage GmbH, Wiesbaden, 2009.

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Ugo, Savardi, and Bianchi Ivana, eds. Le relazioni empiriche: Per una scienza delle relazioni in psicologia. Milano, Italy: F. Angeli, 2003.

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John, Quinlan. Pastoral relatedness: The essence of pastoral care. Lanham: University Press of America, 2002.

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Janet, Carsten, ed. Ghosts of memory: Essays on remembrance and relatedness. Malden, MA: Blackwell Pub., 2007.

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Pre-object relatedness: Early attachment and the psychoanalytic situation. New York: Guilford Press, 1996.

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P, Schweitzer Peter, ed. Dividends of kinship: Meanings and uses of social relatedness. New York: Routledge, 2000.

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Rediscovering the West: An inquiry into nothingness and relatedness. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1994.

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missing], [name. Attachment and family systems: Conceptual, empirical, and therapeutic relatedness. New York: Brunner-Routledge, 2002.

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Book chapters on the topic "Relatedness"

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Barrière, Caroline. "Relatedness." In Natural Language Understanding in a Semantic Web Context, 173–201. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41337-2_10.

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Huneman, Philippe. "Relatedness." In Encyclopedia of Systems Biology, 1837. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9863-7_890.

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Bose, Chandan. "Craft-Through-Relatedness; Relatedness-Through-Craft." In Perspectives on Work, Home, and Identity From Artisans in Telangana, 169–208. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12516-5_5.

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Bourrat, Pierrick. "Genetic Relatedness." In Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Psychological Science, 1–4. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16999-6_1358-1.

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Virtanen, Pirjo Kristiina. "Recreating Relatedness." In Indigenous Youth in Brazilian Amazonia, 153–76. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137266514_7.

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Bourrat, Pierrick. "Genetic Relatedness." In Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Psychological Science, 3401–4. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19650-3_1358.

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Tyler, Forrest B. "Autonomy and Relatedness." In Cultures, Communities, Competence, and Change, 173–99. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-4899-4_7.

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Dennis, Simone, and Andrew Dawson. "Kinship and relatedness." In Doing Anthropology, 120–84. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003273547-5.

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Brigg, Morgan. "Recognition and Relatedness." In The New Politics of Conflict Resolution, 105–29. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230583375_5.

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Frie, Roger. "Loneliness and relatedness." In Narratives of Loneliness, 26–34. New York : Routledge, 2018.: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315645582-3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Relatedness"

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Rakib, Md Rashadul Hasan, Aminul Islam, and Evangelos Milios. "TrWP: Text Relatedness using Word and Phrase Relatedness." In Proceedings of the 9th International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation (SemEval 2015). Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/s15-2016.

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Nuyts, Andreas, and Dominique Devriese. "Degrees of Relatedness." In LICS '18: 33rd Annual ACM/IEEE Symposium on Logic in Computer Science. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3209108.3209119.

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Pennacchiotti, Marco, and Michael Wirth. "Measuring frame relatedness." In the 12th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics. Morristown, NJ, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3115/1609067.1609140.

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Jia, Romy Menghao, Jia Tina Du, and Yuxiang Chris Zhao. "Needs for Relatedness." In CHIIR '21: ACM SIGIR Conference on Human Information Interaction and Retrieval. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3406522.3446040.

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Boubacar, Abdoulahi. "Valuing Semantic Relatedness." In 2014 IEEE 7th Joint International Information Technology and Artificial Intelligence Conference (ITAIC). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/itaic.2014.7064994.

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Basile, Valerio, Roque Lopez Condori, and Elena Cabrio. "Measuring Frame Instance Relatedness." In Proceedings of the Seventh Joint Conference on Lexical and Computational Semantics. Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/s18-2029.

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Wu, Chao, and Bo Zhou. "Semantic Relatedness in Folksonomy." In 2009 International Conference on New Trends in Information and Service Science (NISS). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/niss.2009.150.

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Chen, Tsung Teng, and Liang Chi Hsieh. "The Visualization of Relatedness." In 2008 12th International Conference Information Visualisation (IV). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iv.2008.52.

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Lin Li, Xia Hu, Chao Xu, and Yi-Ming Zhou. "Relatedness measurement for news items." In 2008 International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics (ICMLC). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmlc.2008.4620843.

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Juba, Brendan. "Estimating relatedness via data compression." In the 23rd international conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1143844.1143900.

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Reports on the topic "Relatedness"

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Spolaore, Enrico, and Romain Wacziarg. War and Relatedness. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, June 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w15095.

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Tang, Rongsheng, Yang Tang, and Ping Wang. Within-Job Wage Inequality: Performance Pay and Job Relatedness. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, June 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w27390.

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Ruhl, Nathan, and Taylor Dobson. Are Humans Natural? Part 3: Nature Relatedness and the American Dream. Rowan University, September 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31986/issn.2689-0690_rdw.oer.1015.

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Michalczyk, Maria. An estimation of relatedness within two Oregon populations using isonymy analysis. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.5791.

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Balza, Lenin H., Camilo De Los Rios, Alfredo Guerra, Luis Herrera-Prada, and Osmel Manzano. Unraveling the Network of the Extractive Industries. Inter-American Development Bank, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003191.

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This paper analyzes extractive industries in Colombia and their connections to other economic activities in the country. We use detailed social security data on all formal employees to create an industry-relatedness measure using labor flows between industries. Drawing on the vast network analysis literature, we exploit centrality measures to reveal the importance of the extractive sector among Colombian industries. Our results show that extractive industries are well connected within the Colombian industrial network, and that they are central overall and within their clusters. We also find that extractive industries have stronger linkages with manufacturing and agriculture than with other sectors. Finally, a higher relatedness to extractive activities is correlated with lower levels of employment, specially of female workers.
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Wu, Liyou, T. Y. Yi, Joy Van Nostrand, and Jizhong Zhou. Phylogenetic Analysis of Shewanella Strains by DNA Relatedness Derived from Whole Genome Microarray DNA-DNA Hybridization and Comparison with Other Methods. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/986917.

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Lance, Richard, and Xin Guan. Variation in inhibitor effects on qPCR assays and implications for eDNA surveys. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41740.

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Aquatic environmental DNA (eDNA) surveys are sometimes impacted by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) inhibitors. We tested varying concentrations of different inhibitors (humic, phytic, and tannic acids; crude leaf extracts) for impacts on quantitative PCR (qPCR) assays designed for eDNA surveys of bighead and silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis and Hypophthalmichthys molitrix). We also tested for inhibition by high concentrations of exogenous DNA, hypothesizing that DNA from increasingly closely related species would be increasingly inhibitory. All tested inhibitors impacted qPCR, though only at very high concentrations — likely a function, in part, of having used an inhibitor-resistant qPCR solution. Closer phylogenetic relatedness resulted in inhibition at lower exogenous DNA concentrations, but not at relatively close phylogenetic scales. Inhibition was also influenced by the qPCR reporter dye used. Importantly, different qPCR assays responded differently to the same inhibitor concentrations. Implications of these results are that the inclusion of more than one assay for the same target taxa in an eDNA survey may be an important countermeasure against false negatives and that internal positive controls may not, in the absence of efforts to maximize inhibition compatibility, provide useful information about the inhibition of an eDNA assay.
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Mena Jara, Sonia Daniela, Ingeborg Meijer, Gaston Heimeriks, and Tim Willemse. Driving the innovation process by connecting regional knowledge bases to local needs. Fteval - Austrian Platform for Research and Technology Policy Evaluation, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22163/fteval.2022.543.

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Novel approaches are needed to support the creation of more open, inclusive, and self-sustaining R&I ecosystems in healthcare. This study analysed 3 European regions (Murcia ES), (Örebro SE), and (Republic of Cyprus CY), incorporating complementary approaches from Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI) and Research and Innovation Smart Specialisation Strategy (RIS3). The exercise entailed the identification of healthcare and innovation stakeholders and the characterisation of the policy landscape in each territory. Moreover, the strengths of the regional knowledge base was analysed by measuring the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) indicator based on relatedness measurement, and by using micro-level fields analyses of scientific publications. This methodology allowed us to identify the fields and topics (strengths) that provide opportunities for innovation processes. Additional identification of social needs in the three territories showed profound differences regarding the alignment of the selected needs with respect to the regions’ capabilities. The results suggest that a timely direct interaction with territorial stakeholders can help in selecting the most promising innovation priorities that are based on local needs and knowledge. The process of interaction requires early engagement to support territorial ownership and is further reinforced by RRI policies in place.
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Tetzlaff, Sasha, Jinelle Sperry, and Brett DeGregorio. You can go your own way : no evidence for social behavior based on kinship or familiarity in captive juvenile box turtles. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/44923.

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Behavioral interactions between conspecific animals can be influenced by relatedness and familiarity. To test how kinship and familiarity influenced social behavior in juvenile Eastern Box Turtles (Terrapene carolina), 16 captive-born individuals were reared under semi-natural conditions in four equally sized groups, where each group comprised pairs of siblings and non-siblings. Using separation distance between pairs of turtles in rearing enclosures as a measure of gregariousness, we found no evidence suggesting siblings more frequently interacted with one another compared to non-relatives over the first five months of life. Average pair separation distance decreased during this time but may have been due to turtles aggregating around resources like heat and moist retreat areas as colder temperatures approached. At eight months old, we again measured repeated separation distances between unique pair combinations and similarly found no support for associations being influenced by kinship. Agonistic interactions between individuals were never observed. Based on our results, group housing and rearing of juvenile box turtles did not appear to negatively impact their welfare. Unlike findings for other taxa, our results suggest strategically housing groups of juvenile T. carolina to maintain social stability may not be an important husbandry consideration when planning releases of captive-reared individuals for conservation purposes.
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Rowe, Randall C., Jaacov Katan, Talma Katan, and Leah Tsror. Sub-Specific Populations of Verticillium dahliae and their Roles in Vascular Wilt Pathogsystems. United States Department of Agriculture, October 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1996.7574343.bard.

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Abstract:
Verticillium dahliae is an economically important pathogen causing vascular wilt on over 160 plant species. In North America, potato early dying is a significant disease of potato, especially in the midwest and Pacific northwest states. This disease is caused by the fungus Verticillium dahliae and in some cases involves a synergistic interaction with root-lesion nematodes, primarily Pratylenchus penetrans. In Israel, Verticillium wilt occurs in many regions and inflicts serious losses in potato, cotton, and other crops. Objectives of this project were to establish a large collection of isolates of Verticillium dahliae from potato (USA) and several host plants (Israel) and to characterize and compare the isolates with regard to morphology, vegetative compatibility group (VCG), and pathogenic capabilities on several hosts. Isolations were made from 224 commercial lots of certified potato seed tubers from across N. America and 87 potato fields located in the Columbia Basin of Oregon and Washington. A large collection of isolates from central U.S. states already existed. In Israel, 47 field sites were sampled and isolates of Verticillium dahliae were recovered from 13 host plant species and from soil. Potato isolates from N. America were tested for vegetative compatibility and all found to be in VCG 4 with about 2/3 in VCG 4A and the rest in VCG 4B. VCG 4A isolates were significantly more aggressive on potato than VCG 4B isolates and were more likely to interact synergistically with P. penetrans. The Israeli isolates fell into three vegetative compatibility groups. Nearly all (> 90%) VCG2B and VCG 4B isolates were recovered from the northern and southern parts of Israel, respectively, with some overlap in central areas. Several pathotypes were defined in cotton, using cotton and eggplant together as differentials. All VCG 2B isolates from cotton caused severe disease in cotton, while VCG 2A and VCG 4B isolates from several crops were much less aggressive to cotton. When Israeli isolates of VCGs 2A, 2B and 4B were inoculated to potato and tomato, VCG 4B isolates caused much more severe disease on potato and VCG 2A isolates caused much more severe disease in tomato. Differential patterns of pathogenicity and aggressiveness of these VCGs on potato and tomato were consistent regardless of the host plant of origin. Isolates of the same VCG resembled one another more than isolates from different VCGs based on colony and microsclerotial morphology, temperature responses and, partially, in pathogenicity. Vegetative compatibility grouping of V. dahliae in Israel appears closely associated with specific pathogenicity and other phenotypic traits. The absence of VCG 4A in Israel is significant. VCG patterns among Verficillium populations are useful to predict relatedness and pathogenic potential in both countries.
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