Relevant bibliographies by topics / Reinforcement

Academic literature on the topic 'Reinforcement'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 27 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Reinforcement"

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Bai, Chong Xi, and Qiang Fu. "Model Tests of Strip Foundation with FRP Reinforced Sand Grounds." Applied Mechanics and Materials 501-504 (January 2014): 43–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.501-504.43.

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Fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) materials have good performance such as high strength, high modulus, corrosive resistance, and so on. FRP materials can be used to reinforced reinforcement effects significantly and improve durability of traditional reinforcements. A series of model tests were conducted on foundations reinforced with horizontal FRP reinforcemens. The influence of reinforcement modes on bearing capacity, settlement, strain of FRP and earth pressure were analyzed. From the test results, it was shown that the FRP reinforcement can significantly increase the bearing capacity and reduce the settlement, especially for double-layer reinforcement. And the effects of the anchoring inclusions were little, as compared with the reinforcements.
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Konzilia, Julian, Jonas Wachter, Matthias Egger, Christoph Waltl, Thomas Fröis, Thomas Bechtold, and Jürgen Feix. "Embroidered Carbon Reinforcement for Concrete." Buildings 13, no. 9 (September 8, 2023): 2293. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13092293.

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This research focuses on the manufacturing process and mechanical properties of textile reinforcements fabricated using embroidery technology. The study investigates both 2D and 3D reinforcement products and compares the advantages and possibilities of embroidery technology with other manufacturing methods. A series of tests using carbon reinforcement is conducted, and the results are presented and evaluated comprehensively. The uniaxial tensile tests reveal the characteristic behavior of carbon-reinforced concrete (CRC). Furthermore, the bonding behavior between the concrete matrix and embroidered carbon reinforcement is analyzed utilizing asymmetric pull-out tests, demonstrating that the embroidered reinforcements provide a sufficient bond. In addition to conventional 2D reinforcements, 3D reinforcements were also investigated, which can be efficiently manufactured using the TFP (tailored fiber placement) technology. Through the implementation of stirrup rovings, shear failure loads can be increased significantly. The results suggest that the mechanical properties of the reinforcement are influenced by the manufacturing process, which is particularly evident in the variation between longitudinal and transverse directions. The research highlights the potential benefits of using embroidery technology for textile reinforcement and indicates areas for further research and optimization in the manufacturing process. A pilot project that utilizes the embroidered reinforcement is currently under construction.
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Hollý, Ivan. "Experimental Investigation of Bond between GFRP Reinforcement and Concrete." Solid State Phenomena 309 (August 2020): 140–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.309.140.

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The reinforcing steel embedded in concrete is generally protected against corrosion by the high alkalinity (pH = 12.5 to 13.5) of the concrete pore solution. The structural degradation of concrete structures due to reinforcement’s corrosion has an impact on the safety, serviceability and durability of the structure. The corrosion of reinforcements in the construction of a transport infrastructure (especially bridges), parking areas, etc., is primarily initiated by chlorides from de-icing salts. Glass fiber reinforcement polymer (GFRP) bars are suitable alternatives to steel bars in reinforced concrete applications. The bond between concrete and reinforcement is one of the basic requirements for the composite action of both materials. The transfer of forces between the steel reinforcement and the concrete is provided by the following mechanisms: adhesion, friction and mechanical interlocking. The bond between GFRP reinforcement and concrete is different and it is ensured by friction and mechanical interlocking of the rebar surface. The chemical bond does not originate between GFRP reinforcement and the surrounding concrete, so adhesion does not contribute to transfer of the bond forces. Some few test methods are used to determine the bond between GFRP reinforcement and concrete. The pull-out tests were used to determine the bond behavior between GFRP rebars and concrete. This paper describes the preparation, process, results and evaluation of the pull-out tests.
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Choi, Hyun Ki. "The Effect of Anchorage Strength with Anchorage Capacity in Flat Plate." Key Engineering Materials 627 (September 2014): 245–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.627.245.

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The punching shear on the flat plate slab-column connection can bring about the reason of the brittle punching shear failure which may result of collapsing the whole structure. From the development of residential flat plate system, the shear reinforcement is developed for preventing the punching shear. This study proposed 3 reinforcements that are increased to bond capacity using lateral bar, the structure test is performed. As performed test result, because slabs not keep enough bond length, slab is failed before shear reinforcement's yield strength duo to anchorage of slip. According to result, FEM analyzed an effect of slab thickness and concrete compressive. The study suggests shear strength formula that possible a positive shear reinforcement in slab-column connection.
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Mardhatillah, Elsy. "Teacher’s Reinforcement in English Classroom in MTSS Darul Makmur Sungai Cubadak." Indonesian Research Journal On Education 3, no. 1 (January 2, 2022): 825–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.31004/irje.v3i1.202.

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This research was due to some problems found in MTsS Darul Makmur. First, some students were not motivated in learning. Second, sometime the teacher still uses Indonesian in giving reinforcements. Third, some Students did not care about the teacher's reinforcement. This study aimed to find out the types of reinforcement used by the teacher. Then, to find out the types of reinforcement often and rarely to be usedby the teacher. Then, to find out the reasons the teacher used certain reinforcements. Last, to find out how the teacher understands the reinforcement. This research used a qualitative approach. The design of this research was descriptive because the researcher made a description of the use of reinforcement by theteacher in the English classroom. In this research, the interview and observation sheets were used by the researcher. The researcher found that the type of reinforcement used by the teacher is positive reinforcement and negative reinforcement. First, there were two types of positive reinforcement used by teachers, namely verbal reinforcement and non-verbal reinforcement. The verbal often used by theteacher was a reinforcement in the form of words and reinforcement in the form of phrases. Then, verbal reinforcement in the form of sentences was never done by the teacher in the learning process. While the non-verbal reinforcement often used by the teacher was gestural, activity reinforcement, and proximity reinforcement. Second, the negative reinforcement often used by the teacher was a warning, gesture, and eye contact. Meanwhile, the negative reinforcement rarely used by the teacher was speech volume andpunishment. Third, the reasons teachers reinforce learning are to motivate students and make students feel appreciated and happy while learning.
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Narasimalu, S., and Manoj Gupta. "Effect of the Presence of Continuous/ Discontinuous/ Hybrid Reinforcement on the Damping Characteristics of Pure Aluminium Matrix." Solid State Phenomena 111 (April 2006): 71–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.111.71.

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Al is well known to serve as a metallic matrix in a composite due to its enhanced ductility and toughness. In the present study, pure Al (AA1050) is reinforced with two different reinforcements viz., an interconnected, axisymmetrical, galvanized iron wire perform and SiC particulates and were tested in a free-free type suspended beam arrangement, coupled with circle-fit approach to determine damping characteristics. The results show the effect of individual and combined presence of two different reinforcements in terms of damping loss factor. Addition of ~ 2 vol. % of interconnected reinforcement increases the overall damping capacity of the aluminium matrix by ~ 15 % which is equivalent to the presence of ~ 4.8 vol. % of SiCp. But combined presence of ~2 vol. % of interconnected wire reinforcement along with ~0.5 vol. % of SiCp increases the damping capacity to 24 % which forms a new breed of hybrid composites. This increase in damping can be rationalized in terms of the induced plastic zone and reinforcement’s aspect ratio.
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Hidayah, Fitri Nur, Rafie Rafie, Safaruddin M. Nuh, Syahrudin Syahrudin, and Lusiana Lusiana. "COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF DIRECT WASTE USING SOFTWARE CUTTING OPTIMIZATION PRO AND THE COST OF USING CONVENTIONAL REINFORCEMENT AND WIREMESH IN FLOOR SLAB WORK. (CASE STUDY: OFFICE AND DEPOT CONSTRUCTION PROJECT OF PT. GUDANG GARAM)." Jurnal Teknik Sipil 23, no. 1 (February 28, 2023): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.26418/jtst.v23i1.61193.

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Rebar is one of the main materials in a building. The material has been widely innovated by product providers. In addition to using conventional reinforcement on the floor slab, it is now possible to replace the reinforcement with wire mesh reinforcement. Because material costs are a very large cost in construction projects, it is necessary to do proper material planning. This final project will compare the two reinforcements with the aim that project implementers can plan materials appropriately so that it is expected to minimize the huge cost expenditure. In this final project, the reinforcement in the floor slab work will be reviewed in terms of direct waste reinforcement which will be assisted by software cutting optimization pro and reinforcement costs using the AHSP stipulated by Permen PUPR No.1 of 2022. After various stages are carried out, a comparison of the direct waste level, direct waste cost, and cost of the two reinforcements will be obtained. A Comparison of the three reviews found that wire mesh reinforcement is more efficient than using conventional reinforcement.
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Portelinha, Fernando H. M., Joao M. H. Goulart, and Jose Orlando Avesani Neto. "Influence of Heterogeneous Arrangements of Reinforcements’ Length and Stiffness on the Deformation of Instrumented Geosynthetic-Reinforced Retaining Walls Constructed with Sustainable Locally Available Backfill Soils." Sustainability 15, no. 10 (May 17, 2023): 8183. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15108183.

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Sustainable solutions involving geosynthetic-reinforced soil walls have been achieved in projects that use locally available backfill materials and a reduced volume of geosynthetic reinforcements. Different arrangements of reinforcements can be adopted to reduce the volume of geosynthetics. This paper reports the deformation measurements taken from four instrumented geosynthetic-reinforced soil walls constructed with different arrangements of reinforcement layers including different lengths and tensile properties. The deformation of walls with rigid reinforcements at lower elevations and more flexible at upper portions of the wall height was compared to walls with a uniform distribution of reinforcement layers. Similarly, the effect of the nonuniformity of reinforcement lengths along the wall height was also evaluated. Relatively short reinforcements (L/H < 0.7) used at deeper reinforced layers were observed to overload the upper reinforcement layers resulting in mobilized loads higher than expected, resulting in increases of approximately 80% in the wall’s deformation. In contrast, the use of rigid reinforcements at lower layers led to a reduction in facing displacements of 50% at lower instrumented layers and of 60% at upper instrumented layers. The distribution pattern of facing displacements, reinforcement-mobilized loads and strains along the wall height was significantly affected by the adoption of heterogeneous reinforced layers.
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Zhang, Yi. "The Education Effectiveness Concerning Different Reinforcement." Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media 44, no. 1 (April 18, 2024): 245–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-7048/44/20230151.

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In psychology, reinforcement refers to all the activities that will increase the probability of a response occurring. Reinforcement tames peoples unwanted behaviors or encourages and strengthens an existing one. Given that the role of reinforcement is to affect motivation and determine what characteristics or stimuli will be treated as relevant for the learner, the way of influencing studying by reinforcement can be varied. The reinforcements can be classified into four types due to its own practice: negative reinforcement, positive reinforcement, punishment and extinction. Each type of reinforcement in shaping peoples behavior and response can lead different level of accuracy, duration, frequency and persistence. Negative reinforcement usually means taking away, which is the removal of an aversive event in order to encourage the behavior. Positive reinforcement means adding up, which a reward or event that increases the likelihood that a particular type of response will be repeated. The punishment and extinction are all involved in the effect in removing certain responses. In light of the current educational beliefs and values, positive reinforcement and negative reinforcement have already become main method of behavior modification to students at the mercy of teacher and school. Although reinforcement and education are not synonymous, successful formal education is virtually impossible without copious systematic reinforcement. This admittedly illustrates that the essential of reinforcement in playing a role in students learning efficiency. However, education methods are not stable and unitary as mentioned which can be impacted by different. Thus, choosing the types between positive and negative reinforcements to encourage students as motivation will be crucial for students effectiveness.
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Hollý, Ivan, and Juraj Bilčík. "Effect of Chloride-Induced Steel Corrosion on Working Life of Concrete Structures." Solid State Phenomena 272 (February 2018): 226–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.272.226.

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The reinforcing steel embedded in concrete is generally protected against corrosion by the high alkalinity (pH = 12.5 to 13.5) of the concrete pore solution. The structural degradation of concrete structures due to reinforcement’s corrosion has an impact on the safety, serviceability and durability of the structure. The corrosion of reinforcements in the construction of a transport infrastructure (especially bridges), parking areas, etc., is primarily initiated by chlorides from de-icing salts. When corrosion is initiated, active corrosion results in a volumetric expansion of the corrosion products around the reinforcing bars against the surrounding concrete. Reinforcement corrosion causes a volume increase due to the oxidation of metallic iron, which is mainly responsible for exerting the expansive radial pressure at the steel–concrete interface and development of hoop tensile stresses in the surrounding concrete. When this tensile stress exceeds the tensile strength of the concrete, cracks are generated. Higher corrosion rates can lead to the cracking and spalling of the concrete cover. Continued corrosion of reinforcement causes a reduction of total loss of bond between concrete and reinforcement.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Reinforcement"

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Pettersson, Markus, and Andreas Larsson. "Automated Construction- Reinforcement : Lifting Prefabricated Reinforcement Cages." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-84326.

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The construction industry is moving towards an increasingly industrial production and one step towards this is to use prefabricated rebar cages. A new concept is being tested where tied rebar cages are produced on the construction site by industrial robots. The industrial robots produce the rebar cages based on a geometric model and when finished they are lifted to the casting site with the help of a crane. In order for this concept to become an efficient process, it must already be possible to evaluate the stability of the rebar cages in the early design phase to be able to efficiently determine whether it is possible to lift the rebar cages to the casting site after production. The scope of this thesis is to investigate what is required to create a numerical model with help of data from a geometric model in an efficient way in order to determine whether a rebar cage can be lifted. This thesis is limited to one specific rebar cage that has already been created in the CADprogram Tekla Structures by the contractor Skanska Sweden AB. The process of what is required when creating a numerical model with data from a geometric model is limited between the analysis software LUSAS Bridge and the CAD software Tekla Structures. To be able to determine what is required in order to create a numerical model with data from a geometric model in the analysis software LUSAS Bridge in an efficient way a survey was performed. The survey includes the necessary steps to create a numerical model of a tied rebar cage from a geometric model and the problems that occurs along the way to get an efficient process. In order to determine if the geometric model of the rebar cage is liftable a linear analysis was created in the analysis software LUSAS Bridge. The analysis was created with data from the geometric model created in Tekla Structures and with experimental results from a study where tied connection strength and stiffness were evaluated. The analysis was created to simulate a rebar cage for a bridge foundation in scale 1:2 that is lifted in four lifting points. The lifting points in this analysis is modeled as supports while the rebar cage is subjected to an acceleration force to simulate a lift. The analysis is performed in two parts, first when the tied connections have full stiffness capacity and the second part when the stiffness is decreased to be able to evaluate what happens to the stability of the rebar cage. In order to determine if the rebar cage is liftable two conditions are looked at, (1) stress in rebars and (2) forces in the joint elements. The results from the study show that in order to create a numerical model of a tied rebar cage in an efficient way some improvements must be done in the analysis software LUSAS Bridge. The most time-consuming process when creating a numerical model of a tied rebar cage are the connections. In order to create these tied connections in an efficient way some new functions must be created in LUSAS Bridge where the software can generate different types of tied connections. The results from the analysis show that the stress in the rebars at the lifting points is the criterion that is most critical when the rebar cage is lifted. The maximum stress reached 356 MPa with the utilization rate of 81,9% when the connection stiffness has full capacity. When the connection stiffness was adjusted, it was also shown here that the stress was the criterion that is most critical. The analysis for 50% connection stiffness capacity showed a maximum stress of 402 MPa with the utilization rate of 92,4%, this shows an increase of 10,5% of the utilization rate when the IV  connection stiffness is decreased with 50%. Based on these results, it can be stated that the rebar cage can be lifted if four lifting points are used. It can also be seen from the results that the stiffness in the connections has a very small impact on the behavior of the cage and therefore the placement of the rebars contributes more to the stability.
Byggindustrin går mot ett allt mer industriellt byggande och ett steg på vägen är att använda sig av prefabricerade armeringskorgar. Ett nytt koncept håller på att undersökas där man vill framställa najade armeringskorgar på byggarbetsplatsen med hjälp av industrirobotar. Industrirobotarna bygger armeringskorgarna utifrån en geometrisk modell för att sedan lyftas till gjutplatsen med hjälp av en kran. För att detta koncept ska bli en effektiv process måste man redan i projekteringsfasen kunna utvärdera armeringskorgarnas lyftbarhet för att kunna avgöra om det går att lyfta armeringskorgarna till gjutplatsen efter att de är färdigmonterade. Examensarbetets syfte är att undersöka vad som krävs för att ska skapa en numerisk modell med hjälp av data från en geometrisk modell på ett effektivt sätt för att sedan kunna avgöra om en armeringskorg går att lyfta. Denna studie är avgränsad till enbart en typ av armeringskorg som redan är skapad i CADprogrammet Tekla Structures av entreprenören Skanska Sverige AB. Processen som krävs för att skapa en numerisk modell med hjälp av en geometrisk modell är begränsad till analysprogrammet LUSAS Bridge och CAD-programmet Tekla Structures. För att kunna avgöra vad som krävs för att skapa en numerisk modell med hjälp av en geometrisk modell i analysprogrammet LUSAS Bridge utfördes en kartläggning. Kartläggningen omfattar de steg som krävs för att skapa en numerisk modell av en najad armeringskorg från en geometrisk modell och de svårigheter som finns längs vägen. För att kunna avgöra om den geometriska modellen av armeringskorgen är lyftbar skapades en linjär Finita Element Analys i analysprogrammet LUSAS Bridge. Analysen är skapad med hjälp av data från den geometriska modellen från Tekla Structures samt testresultat från en tidigare studie där man har provat hållfastheten och styvheten hos najade knutpunkter. Analysen är skapad för att efterlikna en armeringskorg till ett brofundament i skala 1:2 som lyfts i fyra punkter. Lyftpunkterna i denna analys är simulerade som stöd medan armeringskorgen utsätts för en accelerationskraft för att efterlikna ett lyft. Analysen utförs i två delar, en när de najade knutpunkterna har full styvhet och den andra när styvhet för knutpunkterna minskar. Detta för att se hur styvheten i knutpunkterna påverkar stabiliteten i armeringskorgen. Armeringskorgens lyftbarhet bedöms av två olika kriterier (1) spänning i armeringsjärnen och (2) krafter i knutpunkterna. Resultaten från studien visar att för att kunna skapa en numeriskmodell av en najad armeringskorg på ett effektivt sätt måste en del förbättringar göras i analysprogrammet LUSAS Bridge. Den process som är mest tidskrävande är när man skapar de najade knutpunkterna för armeringskorgen. För att det ska gå att genomföra detta på ett effektivt sätt måste en ny funktion skapas i LUSAS Bridge där programmet kan generera olika typer av knutpunkter automatiskt. Resultaten från analysen visade att spänningen av armeringsjärnen vid lyftpunkterna är det kriterium som är mest kritisk när armeringskorgen utsätts för lyft. Den maximala spänningen uppgick till 356 MPa med en utnyttjandegrad på 81,9% för armeringskorgen med full styvhet. När styvheten justerades visades det även här att spänningen är det kriterium som är mest kritiskt. Analysen för 50% styvhet visade en maximal spänning på 402 MPa med en utnyttjande grad på 92,4%, detta visar en ökning på 10,5% av utnyttjandegraden när styvheten halveras. VI  Utifrån dessa resultat kan man konstatera att armeringskorgen går att lyfta om man använder fyra lyftpunkter. Man kan även utifrån resultaten se att en minskning av styvheten i knutpunkterna har en liten påverkar på armeringskorgens lyftbarhet och istället är det placeringen av armeringsjärnen som har störst betydelse.
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Fox, James J. "Negative Reinforcement." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/161.

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Book Summary:: A teacher’s ability to manage the classroom strongly influences the quality of teaching and learning that can be accomplished. Among the most pressing concerns for inexperienced teachers is classroom management, a concern of equal importance to the general public in light of behavior problems and breakdowns in discipline that grab newspaper headlines. But classroom management is not just about problems and what to do when things go wrong and chaos erupts. It’s about how to run a classroom so as to elicit the best from even the most courteous group of students. An array of skills is needed to produce such a learning environment. The SAGE Encyclopedia of Classroom Management raises issues and introduces evidence-based, real-world strategies for creating and maintaining well-managed classrooms where learning thrives. Students studying to become teachers will need to develop their own classroom management strategies consistent with their own philosophies of teaching and learning. It is hoped that this work will help open their eyes to the range of issues and the array of skills they might integrate into their unique teaching styles.
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Izquierdo, Ayala Pablo. "Learning comparison: Reinforcement Learning vs Inverse Reinforcement Learning : How well does inverse reinforcement learning perform in simple markov decision processes in comparison to reinforcement learning?" Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-259371.

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This research project elaborates a qualitative comparison between two different learning approaches, Reinforcement Learning (RL) and Inverse Reinforcement Learning (IRL) over the Gridworld Markov Decision Process. The interest focus will be set on the second learning paradigm, IRL, as it is considered to be relatively new and little work has been developed in this field of study. As observed, RL outperforms IRL, obtaining a correct solution in all the different scenarios studied. However, the behaviour of the IRL algorithms can be improved and this will be shown and analyzed as part of the scope.
Denna studie är en kvalitativ jämförelse mellan två olika inlärningsangreppssätt, “Reinforcement Learning” (RL) och “Inverse Reinforcement Learning” (IRL), om använder "Gridworld", en "Markov Decision-Process". Fokus ligger på den senare algoritmen, IRL, eftersom den anses relativt ny och få studier har i nuläget gjorts kring den. I studien är RL mer fördelaktig än IRL, som skapar en korrekt lösning i alla olika scenarier som presenteras i studien. Beteendet hos IRL-algoritmen kan dock förbättras vilket också visas och analyseras i denna studie.
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Seymour, B. J. "Aversive reinforcement learning." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2010. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/800107/.

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We hypothesise that human aversive learning can be described algorithmically by Reinforcement Learning models. Our first experiment uses a second-order conditioning design to study sequential outcome prediction. We show that aversive prediction errors are expressed robustly in the ventral striatum, supporting the validity of temporal difference algorithms (as in reward learning), and suggesting a putative critical area for appetitive-aversive interactions. With this in mind, the second experiment explores the nature of pain relief, which as expounded in theories of motivational opponency, is rewarding. In a Pavlovian conditioning task with phasic relief of tonic noxious thermal stimulation, we show that both appetitive and aversive prediction errors are co-expressed in anatomically dissociable regions (in a mirror opponent pattern) and that striatal activity appears to reflect integrated appetitive-aversive processing. Next we designed a Pavlovian task in which cues predicted either financial gains, losses, or both, thereby forcing integration of both motivational streams. This showed anatomical dissociation of aversive and appetitive predictions along a posterior-anterior gradient within the striatum, respectively. Lastly, we studied aversive instrumental control (avoidance). We designed a simultaneous pain avoidance and financial reward learning task, in which subjects had to learn independently learn about each, and trade off aversive and appetitive predictions. We show that predictions for both converge on the medial head of caudate nucleus, suggesting that this is a critical site for appetitive-aversive integration in instrumental decision making. We also study also tested whether serotonin (5HT) modulates either phasic or tonic opponency using acute tryptophan depletion. Both behavioural and imaging data confirm the latter, in which it appears to mediate an average reward term, providing an aspiration level against which the benefits of exploration are judged. In summary, our data provide a basic computational and neuroanatomical framework for human aversive learning. We demonstrate the algorithmic and implementational validity of reinforcement learning models for both aversive prediction and control, illustrate the nature and neuroanatomy of appetitive-aversive integration, and discover the critical (and somewhat unexpected) central role for the striatum.
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Gonçalves, Madalena Telo. "BPI: capital reinforcement." Master's thesis, NSBE - UNL, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/11679.

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MacAleese, Kenneth R. "Examining conjugate reinforcement /." abstract and full text PDF (UNR users only), 2008. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3342622.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Nevada, Reno, 2008.
"December, 2008." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 55-64). Library also has microfilm. Ann Arbor, Mich. : ProQuest Information and Learning Company, [2009]. 1 microfilm reel ; 35 mm. Online version available on the World Wide Web.
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Tabell, Johnsson Marco, and Ala Jafar. "Efficiency Comparison Between Curriculum Reinforcement Learning & Reinforcement Learning Using ML-Agents." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-20218.

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Yang, Zhaoyuan Yang. "Adversarial Reinforcement Learning for Control System Design: A Deep Reinforcement Learning Approach." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu152411491981452.

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Cortesi, Daniele. "Reinforcement Learning in Rogue." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/16138/.

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In this work we use Reinforcement Learning to play the famous Rogue, a dungeon-crawler videogame father of the rogue-like genre. By employing different algorithms we substantially improve on the results obtained in previous work, addressing and solving the problems that were arisen. We then devise and perform new experiments to test the limits of our own solution and encounter additional and unexpected issues in the process. In one of the investigated scenario we clearly see that our approach is not yet enough to even perform better than a random agent and propose ideas for future works.
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Girgin, Sertan. "Abstraction In Reinforcement Learning." Phd thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12608257/index.pdf.

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Reinforcement learning is the problem faced by an agent that must learn behavior through trial-and-error interactions with a dynamic environment. Generally, the problem to be solved contains subtasks that repeat at different regions of the state space. Without any guidance an agent has to learn the solutions of all subtask instances independently, which degrades the learning performance. In this thesis, we propose two approaches to build connections between different regions of the search space leading to better utilization of gained experience and accelerate learning is proposed. In the first approach, we first extend existing work of McGovern and propose the formalization of stochastic conditionally terminating sequences with higher representational power. Then, we describe how to efficiently discover and employ useful abstractions during learning based on such sequences. The method constructs a tree structure to keep track of frequently used action sequences together with visited states. This tree is then used to select actions to be executed at each step. In the second approach, we propose a novel method to identify states with similar sub-policies, and show how they can be integrated into reinforcement learning framework to improve the learning performance. The method uses an efficient data structure to find common action sequences started from observed states and defines a similarity function between states based on the number of such sequences. Using this similarity function, updates on the action-value function of a state are reflected to all similar states. This, consequently, allows experience acquired during learning be applied to a broader context. Effectiveness of both approaches is demonstrated empirically by conducting extensive experiments on various domains.
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Books on the topic "Reinforcement"

1

Association, British Cement, ed. Reinforcement. Crowthorne: British Cement Association, 1993.

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Sutton, Richard S. Reinforcement Learning. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1992.

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Wiering, Marco, and Martijn van Otterlo, eds. Reinforcement Learning. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27645-3.

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Sutton, Richard S., ed. Reinforcement Learning. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3618-5.

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Lorenz, Uwe. Reinforcement Learning. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-61651-2.

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Nandy, Abhishek, and Manisha Biswas. Reinforcement Learning. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-3285-9.

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S, Sutton Richard, ed. Reinforcement learning. Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1992.

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Li, Jinna, Frank L. Lewis, and Jialu Fan. Reinforcement Learning. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-28394-9.

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Lorenz, Uwe. Reinforcement Learning. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-68311-8.

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Merrick, Kathryn, and Mary Lou Maher. Motivated Reinforcement Learning. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-89187-1.

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Book chapters on the topic "Reinforcement"

1

Shull, Richard L., and P. Scott Lawrence. "Reinforcement." In Handbook of Research Methods in Human Operant Behavior, 95–129. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1947-2_4.

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Floresco, Stan, Robert Kessler, Ronald L. Cowan, Robert Kessler, Ronald L. Cowan, Mark Slifstein, Andrea Cipriani, et al. "Reinforcement." In Encyclopedia of Psychopharmacology, 1144. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68706-1_931.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Reinforcement." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 621. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_9889.

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Alexander, Jennifer M., and Maria G. Valdovinos. "Reinforcement." In Encyclopedia of Child Behavior and Development, 1239. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79061-9_2391.

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Ritvo, Ariella Riva, Fred R. Volkmar, Karen M. Lionello-Denolf, Trina D. Spencer, James Todd, Nurit Yirmiya, Maya Yaari, et al. "Reinforcement." In Encyclopedia of Autism Spectrum Disorders, 2540–41. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1698-3_134.

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Dart, Evan H., and Mariangely Melendez-Torres. "Reinforcement." In Encyclopedia of Personality and Individual Differences, 4364–67. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24612-3_997.

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Dart, Evan, and Mariangely Melendez-Torres. "Reinforcement." In Encyclopedia of Personality and Individual Differences, 1–4. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28099-8_997-1.

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Reed, Greogory K. "Reinforcement." In Encyclopedia of Cross-Cultural School Psychology, 796–99. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-71799-9_351.

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Kim, Sunny. "Reinforcement." In Encyclopedia of Autism Spectrum Disorders, 3908–9. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91280-6_134.

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Guoli, Yan. "Reinforcement." In The ECPH Encyclopedia of Psychology, 1–2. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-6000-2_354-1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Reinforcement"

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Miura, Masaya, Horibe Yasumasa, Ishii Michiharu, Kanji Takaoka, Shintaro Kitakata, and Atsushi Mikuni. "Development of Lightweight Thin-Walled Aluminum Bumper Reinforcement Adhered with Unidirectional CFRP Sheet." In FISITA World Congress 2021. FISITA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46720/f2020-mml-016.

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"Since bumper reinforcements are positioned at front/rear ends of vehicles, weight reduction of the bumper reinforcements improves vehicle dynamic performance by reducing a yaw moment of inertia. CFRP (Carbon Fibre Reinforced Plastic) composites are attractive lightweight materials due to their excellent specific strength and rigidity. However, because of their relatively high cost, applications of CFRP materials to vehicle structural parts are limited. In this study, we developed a lightweight structural part which consists of a thin-walled Aluminum bumper reinforcement with a unidirectional CFRP sheet, in order not to increase part cost by reducing amount of Aluminum and by using only a little amount of CFRP. Compared to Aluminum, unidirectional CFRP sheets have even higher tensile strength and modulus. When vehicles crush, bumper reinforcements may be subjected to bending force. If a unidirectional CFRP sheet adhered on a tensile side of an Aluminum bumper reinforcement, not only Aluminum thickness on the tensile side but also thickness on the compression side can be reduced due to movement of a bending neutral axis. Bending strength of the developed parts can’t be predicted by a full plastic moment which could be used to predict metal parts’ bending strength because CFRP don’t deform plastically. In this study, based on Bernoulli-Euler theory, the bending neutral axis was decided considering elastic/plastic areas of the Aluminum bumper reinforcement, and bending strength of the part was predicted. To valid the calculation method, three-point bending tests on the parts were carried out. Experimental data of bending strength were in the range of predicted bounds. In addition, after the peak load, the load decreased gradually, like conventional all metal bumper reinforcements, without delamination of the unidirectional CFRP sheet. In order to launch the developed part, robustness of part’s performance was also evaluated. Finally, the part was adapted to a rear bumper reinforcement of LEXUS RC-F. The part weight is 11 % lighter compared to a conventional all Aluminum bumper reinforcement."
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Doshi, Finale, Joelle Pineau, and Nicholas Roy. "Reinforcement learning with limited reinforcement." In the 25th international conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1390156.1390189.

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Rehounek, Lubos, Jan Cervenka, and Radomír Pukl. "Analysis for optimization of spiral reinforcement in pre-fabricated bridge columns." In IABSE Congress, Ghent 2021: Structural Engineering for Future Societal Needs. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/ghent.2021.0885.

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<p>Savings and optimization in the use of steel and concrete can significantly contribute to the reduction of CO2 emission and energy consumption, promoting a greener environment for the place we live. It has been shown that the use of multi-spiral reinforcement (MSR) in square or rectangular columns can significantly save the amount of steel for transverse reinforcement and yet can still achieve a higher structural performance than conventional tie reinforcement. The paper presents a validation of a numerical model for nonlinear analysis of novel multi-spiral reinforcement in prefabricated columns. The validated model will be used for the subsequent studies and optimization of the spiral reinforcement location, diameter and pitch. Selected arrangements of the multi-spiral reinforcements have been analysed to demonstrate their effectiveness in static and cyclic response.</p>
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Peterman, Robert J., Naga Narendra B. Bodapati, B. Terry Beck, and Chih-Hang John Wu. "Long-Term End-Slip Measurements and Corresponding Transfer Lengths in Pretensioned Concrete Railroad Ties Fabricated With 15 Different Reinforcements." In 2015 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2015-5678.

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Fifteen different reinforcements that are widely employed in manufacturing of railroad ties worldwide were selected for the study presented in this paper. Selected reinforcements include; 12 number of 5.32 mm diameter wires, two 3/8-inch diameter 7 wire strands, and one 5/16-inch diameter 3 wire strand. Twelve wire reinforcements are differed by surface indent geometries with one wire being smooth surfaced profile. Strand reinforcements consisted one smooth and one indented 7 wire strand, and one smooth 3 wire strand. All reinforcements were stored in low-humidity environment to avoid rust. Later, pre-tensioned concrete railroad ties were fabricated at a tie manufacturing plant with the selected 15 different reinforcements in January 2013. Same concrete mix proportions were used during the fabrication of the ties with these 15 reinforcement types. Reinforcement end-slips were measured for each concrete tie at every reinforcement location during August 2014 (after one and half years). Simultaneously, transfer length measurements were measured on all these ties through surface strain measurements. Detailed analysis of the measured end-slips for the ties fabricated with 15 reinforcements is presented. This analysis includes the variation of end-slip measurements at different locations in the cross-section. Variation in end-slip measurements for different types of reinforcements is also discussed. Transfer lengths are compared with end slip measurements and an equation to predict transfer lengths from long term end-slip values is presented.
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Yang, Kun, Chengshuai Shi, and Cong Shen. "Teaching Reinforcement Learning Agents via Reinforcement Learning." In 2023 57th Annual Conference on Information Sciences and Systems (CISS). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ciss56502.2023.10089695.

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Khaliulina, L. E. "Asphalt reinforcement." In ТЕНДЕНЦИИ РАЗВИТИЯ НАУКИ И ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ. НИЦ «Л-Журнал», 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/lj-12-2018-191.

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Li, Zhiyi. "Reinforcement Learning." In SIGCSE '19: The 50th ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3287324.3293703.

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Shen, Shitian, and Min Chi. "Reinforcement Learning." In UMAP '16: User Modeling, Adaptation and Personalization Conference. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2930238.2930247.

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Chiu, Po-Hsiang, and Manfred Huber. "Reinforcement field." In 2011 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics - SMC. IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsmc.2011.6084063.

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Gupta, V., R. Knight, M. Ivosevic, R. A. Cairncross, T. E. Twardowski, and S. Taghizadeh. "Properties of HVOF Sprayed Multi-Scale Polymer/Silica Composite Coatings." In ITSC2005, edited by E. Lugscheider. Verlag für Schweißen und verwandte Verfahren DVS-Verlag GmbH, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2005p0951.

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Abstract The high velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) combustion spray process has been demonstrated to be a suitable technique for the deposition of nano-reinforced polymer matrix composite coatings by controlling both the particle dwell time and the substrate temperature. HVOF-sprayed polymer matrix composites incorporating reinforcements with size scales ranging from 7 nm to 100 µm are being studied to bridge between the nano and conventional scale regimes. Microstructural characterization has been used to characterize the dispersion and distribution of the ceramic reinforcements within the polymer matrix. The effect of particle size distribution on reinforcement dispersion and distribution has been studied, and the influence of substrate temperature on coating adhesion has also been investigated. Changes in crystallinity, as determined by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), are being correlated to coating microstructure, reinforcement loading and process parameter variations. Results of optical and scanning electron microscopy, scratch testing and DSC characterization of the feedstock materials and sprayed coatings are presented. Coatings of nominal 60 µm Nylon 11 with 10 vol. % of nano and micron size hydrophilic silica reinforcements exhibited a ~22 % improvements in scratch resistance compared to pure Nylon 11 coatings. An ~15 % improvement in scratch resistance was obtained for coatings containing 10 vol. % nano scale hydrophilic silica reinforcement.
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Reports on the topic "Reinforcement"

1

Singh, Satinder, Andrew G. Barto, and Nuttapong Chentanez. Intrinsically Motivated Reinforcement Learning. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada440280.

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Ghavamzadeh, Mohammad, and Sridhar Mahadevan. Hierarchical Multiagent Reinforcement Learning. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada440418.

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Harmon, Mance E., and Stephanie S. Harmon. Reinforcement Learning: A Tutorial. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada323194.

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Tadepalli, Prasad, and Alan Fern. Partial Planning Reinforcement Learning. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada574717.

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Ghavamzadeh, Mohammad, and Sridhar Mahadevan. Hierarchical Average Reward Reinforcement Learning. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada445728.

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Johnson, Daniel W. Drive-Reinforcement Learning System Applications. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada264514.

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Vande Kieft, L. J., and W. W. Hillstrom. Fiber Reinforcement of Gun Propellant. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada152296.

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Palmer, Ronald W., J. L. Haley, and Jr. SPH-4 Helmet Retention Assembly Reinforcement. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada200432.

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Cobb, Helen G. Inductive Biases in a Reinforcement Learner,. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada294127.

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Heal, Geoffrey, and Howard Kunreuther. Social Reinforcement: Cascades, Entrapment and Tipping. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, November 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w13579.

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