Journal articles: 'Reinforced'

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Fu, Chao Jiang. "Numerical Simulation Procedure of RC Beam Reinforcement with FRP." Advanced Materials Research 243-249 (May 2011): 5567–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.243-249.5567.

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The use of fiber reinforced polymers (FRP) to reinforce reinforced concrete(RC) structure has become one of the main applications of composites in civil engineering. FRP composite is analyzed using the serial/parallel mixing theory, which deduces the composite behavior from the constitutive equations of its components. Numerical procedure of RC beam reinforceed with FRP is studied based on the finite element method. The numerical results accord with the test results. The validity of the proposed procedure is proved comparing numerical and experimental results.

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Nevin, John A. "Behavioural Momentum: Implications for Clinical Practice." Behaviour Change 10, no. 3 (September 1993): 162–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0813483900005507.

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Behavioural momentum refers to the tendency for reinforced behaviour to persist when conditions are altered. Research on persistence with pigeons as subjects has suggested that response rate under steady-state conditions and its persistence when conditions are altered are independent aspects of behaviour, with response rate determined by response-reinforcer contingencies and persistence determined by stimulus-reinforcer contingencies. These results have been replicated with humans in a natural setting, and may therefore be relevant to clinical practice. The following prescriptions are suggested by the research results: (a) To eliminate undesirable behaviour, it is not sufficient to reinforce alternative behaviour in the same setting because this may actually enhance persistence of the undesired response; change to a new setting may also be necessary; (b) to establish desirable behaviour, the behaviour should be reinforced frequently, and to make it persistent, both the therapeutic and natural environments should be highly correlated with reinforcement.

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Hammad, Mohammad G., Sulaiman E. Munawer, and Amer M. Rasheed. "Study of the Effect of Reinforced Glass Fibers on Fatigue Properties for Composite Materials." Tikrit Journal of Engineering Sciences 17, no. 3 (September 30, 2010): 15–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjes.17.3.09.

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This research included the study of the effect of reinforced glass fibers on fatigue properties for composite materials. Polyester resin is used as connective material(matrix) in two types of glass fibers for reinforced. The first type is regular glass fibers (woven roving) with the directional(0-90), the second is glass fibers with the random direction. The first type is the panels with regular reinforced (0-90), and with number of layer (1,2). The second type is the panels with random reinforced and with number of layers (1,2). The results and the laboratory examinations for the samples reinforce with fibers have manifested (0-90) that there is a decrease in the number of cycles to the fatigue limit when the number of reinforce layers have increased . And an elasticity of this type of samples are decreased by increasing the number of reinforced layers with fiber .We find the random reinforced number of fatigue cycles for the samples with two layers of random reinforced are decreased more than the samples with one layer of random reinforced .

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Tremblay, Léon, and Wolfram Schultz. "Reward-Related Neuronal Activity During Go-Nogo Task Performance in Primate Orbitofrontal Cortex." Journal of Neurophysiology 83, no. 4 (April 1, 2000): 1864–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.2000.83.4.1864.

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The orbitofrontal cortex appears to be involved in the control of voluntary, goal-directed behavior by motivational outcomes. This study investigated how orbitofrontal neurons process information about rewards in a task that depends on intact orbitofrontal functions. In a delayed go-nogo task, animals executed or withheld a reaching movement and obtained liquid or a conditioned sound as reinforcement. An initial instruction picture indicated the behavioral reaction to be performed (movement vs. nonmovement) and the reinforcer to be obtained (liquid vs. sound) after a subsequent trigger stimulus. We found task-related activations in 188 of 505 neurons in rostral orbitofrontal area 13, entire area 11, and lateral area 14. The principal task-related activations consisted of responses to instructions, activations preceding reinforcers, or responses to reinforcers. Most activations reflected the reinforcing event rather than other task components. Instruction responses occurred either in liquid- or sound-reinforced trials but rarely distinguished between movement and nonmovement reactions. These instruction responses reflected the predicted motivational outcome rather than the behavioral reaction necessary for obtaining that outcome. Activations preceding the reinforcer began slowly and terminated immediately after the reinforcer, even when the reinforcer occurred earlier or later than usually. These activations preceded usually the liquid reward but rarely the conditioned auditory reinforcer. The activations also preceded expected drops of liquid delivered outside the task, suggesting a primary appetitive rather than a task-reinforcing relationship that apparently was related to the expectation of reward. Responses after the reinforcer occurred in liquid- but rarely in sound-reinforced trials. Reward-preceding activations and reward responses were unrelated temporally to licking movements. Several neurons showed reward responses outside the task but instruction responses during the task, indicating a response transfer from primary reward to the reward-predicting instruction, possibly reflecting the temporal unpredictability of reward. In conclusion, orbitofrontal neurons report stimuli associated with reinforcers are concerned with the expectation of reward and detect reward delivery at trial end. These activities may contribute to the processing of reward information for the motivational control of goal-directed behavior.

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Alkjk, Saeed, Rafee Jabra, and Salem Alkhater. "Preparation and characterization of glass fibers – polymers (epoxy) bars (GFRP) reinforced concrete for structural applications." Selected Scientific Papers - Journal of Civil Engineering 11, no. 1 (June 1, 2016): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sspjce-2016-0002.

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Abstract The paper presents some of the results from a large experimental program undertaken at the Department of Civil Engineering of Damascus University. The project aims to study the ability to reinforce and strengthen the concrete by bars from Epoxy polymer reinforced with glass fibers (GFRP) and compared with reinforce concrete by steel bars in terms of mechanical properties. Five diameters of GFRP bars, and steel bars (4mm, 6mm, 8mm, 10mm, 12mm) tested on tensile strength tests. The test shown that GFRP bars need tensile strength more than steel bars. The concrete beams measuring (15cm wide × 15cm deep × and 70cm long) reinforced by GFRP with 0.5 vol.% ratio, then the concrete beams reinforced by steel with 0.89 vol.% ratio. The concrete beams tested on deflection test. The test shown that beams which reinforced by GFRP has higher deflection resistance, than beams which reinforced by steel. Which give more advantage to reinforced concrete by GFRP.

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Hua, Yuan, and Tai Quan Zhou. "Experimental Study of the Mechanical Properties of Hybrid Fiber Reinforced Concrete." Materials Science Forum 610-613 (January 2009): 69–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.610-613.69.

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Different kinds of fiber are used to reinforce the concrete to improve the concrete mechanical properties. The high modulus and high flexibility fibers are often used to reinforce in the cement base, which leads to the higher performance compound cement based materials. In the paper, the carbon fiber and glass fiber material are used as flexibility reinforced materials. The polypropylene fiber and the polyethylene fiber are used as strength reinforced materials. The combinations of the flexibility reinforced fiber and strength reinforced fiber are chosen as C-P HF (Carbon and Polypropylene Hybrid Fiber) and G-Pe HF (Glass and Polyethylene Hybrid Fiber). The concrete mixture ratio and the fiber-reinforced amount are determined to the author’s previous study. The relationship between compressive strength, flexural strength and length/diameter aspect ratio of fiber for the carbon and polypropylene hybrid fiber reinforced concrete (C-P HFRC), and for the glass and polyethylene hybrid fiber reinforced concrete (G--Pe HFRC) was tested and discussed. The testing results show that length/diameter aspect ratio of fiber obviously affects the flexural strength of C-P HFRC and G-Pe HFRC, though the compressive strength is slightly affected by the length-diameter aspect ratio.

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Leaf, Justin B., Ronald Leaf, Jeremy A. Leaf, Aditt Alcalay, Daniel Ravid, Stephanie Dale, Alyne Kassardjian, et al. "Comparing Paired-Stimulus Preference Assessments With In-the-Moment Reinforcer Analysis on Skill Acquisition: A Preliminary Investigation." Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities 33, no. 1 (April 27, 2016): 14–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1088357616645329.

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Today, the use of formal preference assessments, including paired-stimulus preference assessments, is widely utilized to help determine which items to use as reinforcers during intervention. A second way to determine potential reinforcers is to analyze multiple dimensions of a stimulus in the moment, a procedure known as in-the-moment reinforcer analysis. Although paired-stimulus preference assessments are widely used, there is no experimental evidence that extensive advance preference assessments actually produce higher rates of learning than in-the-moment reinforcer analysis. The present study compared rates of learning on a simple expressive labeling task when correct responses were reinforced with items selected based on extensive formal paired-preference assessments versus items selected by a teacher using in-the-moment analysis of reinforcer effects. The results indicated no clear difference in skill acquisition, but there were clear differences in terms of efficiency and maintenance.

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Liu, Wen Bai, and Zi Yi Chen. "Study of the Deformation Field of Reinforced Soil on the Triaxial Text." Applied Mechanics and Materials 71-78 (July 2011): 5024–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.71-78.5024.

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This study is concerned with the deformation field of the reinforced soil based on the consolidated drained triaxial test, using digital image processing technique in deformation measuring of soil specimen in trialxial test. In order to research the relation between anti-deforming capacity and strain of reinforced soil, intensity characteristic and failure mode, the glass fiber was used as a material of reinforce and 30 groups of triaxial tests were performed under 2 different reinforced positions and 3 types of confining stress. Together with digital image processing technique, we researched the transverse and vertical deformation ratios of reinforced soil in deformation process, drawn the deformation diagram of soil specimen in peaked strain and probed the reinforce mechanization and formation of shear field in reinforced soil. It was shown from the result that the geogrid has a great restraint, which increases with the growth of confining stress, on transverse deformation in medium sand. However, in final, the geogrid is incapable of changing the breakdown trend of soil body.

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Liu, Feng, Zhong Bo Zhang, and Wen Feng Qin. "Research of Reinforce Plan for No. Zero Frame of TB200 Aircraft and Secondary Damage Prediction." Applied Mechanics and Materials 26-28 (June 2010): 303–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.26-28.303.

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The original structure stress state of No. zero frame of TB200 aircraft is analyzed by finite element method. The stress and the reasons of the crack on the frame are determined. The numerical analysis results fit well with the actual damage of the frame, and the finite element analysis model is verified to be reliable. The stress state of the damaged frame structure is analyzed, which shows that the undamaged frame structure must be reinforced. The reinforce plan for the undamaged frame structure is given. The reinforced frame structure is analyzed by finite element method. The stress state and the residual strength of the reinforced frame structure are given. It is showed that the reinforce plan causes an obvious descent of the frame stress. The load is mainly distributed on the reinforcement of the No. zero frame. The residual static strength of the reinforced structure is higher than the original structure. The possible secondary damage position and mode of the reinforced structure are predicted.

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Wu, Xi-Zhi, Wei-Kang Yang, and Xian-Jun Li. "Study on stripping mechanism of steel plate strengthened with carbon fiber reinforced polymer by cohesive zone model." Advances in Structural Engineering 23, no. 12 (April 24, 2020): 2503–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1369433220912348.

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When carbon fiber reinforced polymer is applied to reinforce a steel plate, the end of it tends to debond which could cause a failure. In this article, the finite element model of carbon fiber reinforced polymer–reinforced steel plate was established based on the cohesive zone model and validated by the linear elasticity model and experiments at bonding stage and stripping stage, through which the stripping mechanism of the adhesive layer was studied. It had been proved by the test results of carbon fiber reinforced polymer–reinforced steel plate that the shear stress was the main factor of stripping damage, the whole stripping process consisted of elastic deformation, softening and stripping, and that the stripping began from the end to the middle of carbon fiber reinforced polymer until complete failure. Therefore, the cohesive zone model was suitable for the analysis of carbon fiber reinforced polymer–reinforced steel plate.

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Kadian, Amarender. "Bending Concrete: Balanced, Under-Reinforced and Over-Reinforced Beam Sections." Journal of Advances and Scholarly Researches in Allied Education 15, no. 4 (June 1, 2018): 29–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.29070/15/57211.

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12

Rachlin, Howard. "Altruism is a form of self-control." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 25, no. 2 (April 2002): 284–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x02590051.

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Some commentators have argued that all particular altruistic acts are directly caused by or reinforced by an internal emotional state. Others argue that rewards obtained by one person might reinforce another person's altruistic act. Yet others argue that all altruistic acts are reinforced by social reciprocation. There are logical and empirical problems with all of these conceptions. The best explanation of altruistic acts is that – though they are themselves not reinforced (either immediately, or delayed, or conditionally, or internally) – they are, like self-controlled acts, part of a pattern of overt behavior that is either extrinsically reinforced or intrinsically reinforcing.

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Shen, De Jun, Zi Sheng Lin, and Yan Fei Zhang. "Study on the Mechanical Properties of Carbon Fiber Composite Material of Wood." Advanced Materials Research 1120-1121 (July 2015): 659–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1120-1121.659.

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through the use of domestic carbon fiber cloth and combining domestic fast-growing wood of Larch and poplar wood, the CFRP- wood composite key interface from the composite process, stripping bearing performance, Hygrothermal effect, fracture characteristics and shear creep properties to conducted the system research . Fiber reinforced composite (Fiber Reinforced Plastic/Polymer, abbreviation FRP) material by continuous fibers and resin matrix composite and its types, including carbon fiber reinforced composite (Carbon Fiber Reinforce Plastic/Polymer, abbreviation CFRP), glass fiber reinforced composite (Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic/Polymer, abbreviation GFRP) and aramid fiber reinforced composite (Aramid Fiber Reinforced Plastic/Polymer, abbreviation AFRP). PAN based carbon fiber sheet by former PAN wires, PAN raw silk production high technical requirements, its technical difficulty is mainly manifested in the acrylonitrile spinning technique, PAN precursor, acrylonitrile polymerization process with solvent and initiator ratio. Based on this consideration, the subject chosen by domestic PAN precursor as the basic unit of the CFRP as the object of study.

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Johns, Kenneth C., and Simon Lacroix. "Composite reinforcement of timber in bending." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 27, no. 5 (October 1, 2000): 899–906. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l00-017.

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A promising use for high performance composite materials is to reinforce timber beams. The present paper studies the use of carbon and glass fibres to reinforce sawn timber sections. Consideration is given to strength phenomena of commercial timber alone and in reinforced sections in bending and shear. Anchorage length considerations for composite strips applied to the underside of simple beams are discussed. Experimental results are presented for three geometries of reinforcement using matched samples of 25 pairs of beams, reinforced and not. Results establish that the wood itself in the composite section shows strength increase, and that the increase in moment resistance of the reinforced beams is far greater than that predicted by simple models.Key words: composite material, timber, reinforcement, bending, shear.

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Li, Min, Shou Xi Chai, Hong Pu Du, and Li Wei. "Statistics and Analysis of Influential Factors on Shear Strength of Reinforced Saline Soil with Wheat Straw and Lime." Advanced Materials Research 168-170 (December 2010): 181–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.168-170.181.

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As one of complex body, the strength of reinforced lime-soil with wheat straw was influenced by many factors. In order to gain quantitative contributed proportion, traxial compression tests of reinforced lime-soil, which took some factors like reinforced length, reinforced ratio and consolidation in account, were carried out by orthogonal design, and then evaluated by methods of range analysis and principal component analysis. Results are as follows. (1) Contributed proportion of consolidation is the highest, while, successively, of reinforce ratio and of reinforced length. Consolidation has the positive contribution to cohesion which the correlation coefficient can be up to 0.81, however, reinforced ratio takes negative contribution and the correlation coefficient is (-0.71). (2) The optimal reinforced condition of wheat straw is 20 mm in length and 0.25% in ratio as to the sample diameter of 61.8mm. (3) Results of principal component analysis and range analysis are both corresponded with that of experiment. These two kinds of statistics analysis methods are suitable in the domain of reinforced soil.

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Wang, Zhi Qiang, Xiao Ning Lu, and Xiao Juan Huang. "Reinforcement of Laminated Veneer Lumber with Ramie Fibre." Advanced Materials Research 332-334 (September 2011): 41–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.332-334.41.

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This paper describes a preliminary investigation on the use of ramie fibre/ phenol formaldehyde (PF) composite to reinforce laminated veneer lumber (LVL). This research was conducted in two phases. Phase 1 the ramie fibre was treated with KH-550 silane coupling agent. Phase 2 different numbers of sheets ramie fibre/PF were added in different location of LVL to reinforce. The reinforced LVL was hot pressed at one time. A control group of unreinforced LVL was also manufactured. The results showed that the improvement in level shear properties of reinforced LVL was obvious no matter what loading direction was perpendicular or parallel. The improvement in modulus of elasticity (MOE) and modulus of rupture (MOR) of partial reinforced LVL was obvious too. Preliminary results showed that using ramie fibre composite to reinforce LVL was possible. This research will further broaden the application field of natural fibres, and provide a new improvement way for wood based composite.

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Zhao, Shao Wei, and Xian Ping Qiao. "Experimental Study on Reinforced Hollow Beam with Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer and External Prestressed Strand." Applied Mechanics and Materials 94-96 (September 2011): 495–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.94-96.495.

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With the development of bridge reinforcement technology, various reinforcement methods has matured, however, just rely on a reinforcement method can not meet the current needs of the project. With carbon fiber reinforced polymer and external prestressed strand to reinforce hollow beam is a comprehensive and effective reinforcement method, we study the combined reinforcement mechanism of carbon fiber reinforced polymer and external prestressed strand through the true type hollow beam experiment, and lay the foundation for the promotion of composite reinforcement technology.

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HAN, FENGXIA, QING LIU, XIN GUO, MENG ZHANG, and XIA HAN. "ANALYTICAL STUDY ON AXIAL AND ECCENTRIC COMPRESSIVE BEHAVIOR OF POPLAR COLUMN STRENGTHENED BY BFRP." WOOD RESEARCH 67(1) 2022 67, no. 1 (January 16, 2022): 11–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.37763/wr.1336-4561/67.1.1125.

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In this work, the compression behaviour of the Xinjiang poplar column was reinforced by basalt fibre reinforced polymer (BFRP) strips with different reinforced configurations, and thenumerical simulations were performed on the axial and eccentric compressions of poplar columns unreinforced and reinforced with BFRP to assess the effect of the bearing capacity and deformation of the columns. The results show that the use of BFRP to reinforce the Xinjiang poplar column effectively improves its axial compressive bearing capacity (axial compression) andbending bearing capacity (eccentric compression), and at the same time, the bearing capacity and stiffness of the columns strengthened by BFRP increased with the bonding area of BFRP.

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Aljasmi, Salah, Nur Farhayu Ariffin, and Mazlan Abu Seman. "The Research of Blast Resistant of Reinforcement Concrete Beams in Concrete Structures at Off-site Oil and Gas Plant." CONSTRUCTION 1, no. 2 (November 9, 2021): 85–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.15282/construction.v1i2.6907.

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In the recent decades, blasts and gas explosions at the off-site of oil and gas plants have increased leading to destruction of important concrete structures, essential equipment and loss of human life. In response, structural engineers have come up with different ways of reinforcing beams of concrete structures using fiber reinforced polymers composite materials to produce blast resistant structures to minimize the impact of the blast loads, due to their unique and individual characteristics like high flexural and shear strength. This paper seeks to research the dynamic behavior, response and performance of reinforce concrete beams strengthened with Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer composites when subjected to blast loading. The study aims at proposing a design model of strengthening reinforce concrete beams with Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer in supporting concrete structures at off-site oil and gas plants against hydrocarbon explosions. Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer composites exhibit higher modulus of elasticity, higher energy absorption capacity, resistant to all forms of alkali and higher tensile strength compared to all other fiber reinforced polymers reinforcements and therefore the need to assess its capacity in protecting concrete structures at oil and gas plants against dynamic loads. The research will be carried out through numerical analysis using the finite element analysis computer program, ANSYS.

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Cherot, Colin, Aaron Jones, and Allen Neuringer. "Reinforced variability decreases with approach to reinforcers." Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes 22, no. 4 (1996): 497–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0097-7403.22.4.497.

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Huang, Gui Qiu, Zhen Huang, Jing Jiang, and Xue Yuan Deng. "Performances of Carbon Fiber Cloth Reinforced Bamboos." Applied Mechanics and Materials 174-177 (May 2012): 1459–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.174-177.1459.

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This paper focuses on the mechanical properties of carbon fiber cloth reinforced bamboos. Using the carbon fiber cloth to reinforce circularly the bamboo can protect dry bursting of the bamboos and improve its mechanical performances. A series of experiments were carried out to investigate the compressive strength, tensile strength and bending strength of bamboo reinforced with carbon fiber cloth. The mechanical performances of bamboos with and without reinforcing were compared and the efficient reinforcing method was suggested, with such method the compressive strength and bending strength of carbon fiber reinforced bamboos could be increased obviously compared with that of bamboos without reinforcing.

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Purba, Burt K., and Aftab A. Mufti. "Investigation of the behavior of circular concrete columns reinforced with carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) jackets." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 26, no. 5 (October 1, 1999): 590–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l99-022.

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Recent advancements in the fields of fiber reinforced polymers (FRPs) have resulted in the development of new materials with great potential for applications in civil engineering structures, and due to extensive research over recent years, FRPs are now being considered for the design of new structures. This study describes how carbon fiber reinforced polymer jackets can be used to reinforce circular concrete columns. Fibers aligned in the circumferential direction provide axial and shear strength to the concrete, while fibers aligned in the longitudinal direction provide flexural reinforcement. Prefabricated FRP jackets or tubes would also provide the formwork for the columns, resulting in a decrease in labor and materials required for construction. Also, the enhanced behavior of FRP jacketed concrete columns could allow the use of smaller sections than would be required for conventionally reinforced concrete columns. Furthermore, FRP jacket reinforced concrete columns would be more durable than conventionally reinforced concrete columns and therefore would require less maintenance and have longer service life.Key words: bridge, carbon, column, concrete, confinement, fiber reinforced polymer, jacket, retrofitting, seismic, strengthening.

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Blikharskyy, Z., K. Brózda, and J. Selejdak. "Effectivenes of Strengthening Loaded RC Beams with FRCM System." Archives of Civil Engineering 64, no. 3 (September 1, 2018): 3–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ace-2018-0025.

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AbstractThe composite materials as FRP (Fiber Reinforced Polymers), which are characterized by benefits resulting from the combination of high strength reinforcement (as carbon, glass, steel or aramid fibers) with synthetic matrix are increasingly used to reinforce existing structures. Reinforcing System as FRCM (Fibre Reinforced Cementitious Matrix), which includes, among others, Ruredil X Mesh Gold System, is much less commonly used. However, the uniform and practical methods for calculating composite reinforced structures are not determined. Especially when considering the real conditions of structure exploitation, which requires further research in this field. In the paper the initial loading level influence on the efficiency of reinforced concrete beams strengthen using system Ruredil X Mesh Gold was investigated.

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Doughty, Adam H., Kenneth G. Giorno, and Hannah L. Miller. "Effects of reinforcer magnitude on reinforced behavioral variability." Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior 100, no. 3 (September 30, 2013): 355–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jeab.50.

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Yang, Qiao-chu, Qin Zhang, Su-su Gong, and San-ya Li. "Study on the flexure performance of fine concrete sheets reinforced with textile and short fiber composites." MATEC Web of Conferences 275 (2019): 02006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201927502006.

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In order to study the influences of the contents of short fiber on the mechanical properties of concrete matrix, the properties of compressive, flexure and splitting of concrete matrix reinforced by alkali resistant glass fiber and calcium carbonate whisker were tested. To study the reinforced effect of different scale fibers on the flexure behavior of fine concrete sheets, the flexural tests of concrete sheet of fine concrete reinforced with basalt fiber mesh and short fiber composites were carried out. The results show that the properties of the compressive, flexure and splitting of fine concrete reinforced with appropriate amount of alkali resistant glass fiber and carbonate whisker are improved compared with that of concrete reinforced by one type of fiber. The flexure properties of the concrete sheets are improved obviously when continuous fiber textile and short fiber composite are adopted to reinforce.

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Li, Zhong Long, Hong Lin Wu, Zhen Yu Liu, De Jian Xu, Hong Jiang Gu, and Xiao Di Zhu. "Ultimate Flexural Bearing Capacity Research Based on Carbon Fiber Sheet to Reinforce Rough Sleeper Beam." Applied Mechanics and Materials 226-228 (November 2012): 1766–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.226-228.1766.

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In this paper, it makes a preliminary study on the material of carbon fiber sheet to reinforce rough sleeper beam in order to enhance the magnitude of ultimate flexural bearing capacity. Considering the actual construction technology and environment, four reinforced concrete sleeper beams are used to experiment simulation to study the influence of carbon fiber sheet to ultimate flexural bearing capacity of reinforced concrete structures. Experiment results show that pasting two layers of carbon fiber sheet under reinforced concrete beam can have about a 25% increase in flexural bearing capacity.

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Shin, Kyung Joon, Yun Yong Kim, Hwan Woo Lee, and Seboong Oh. "Flexural Toughness of Micro-Fiber Reinforced Mortar." Advanced Materials Research 538-541 (June 2012): 2488–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.538-541.2488.

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Various methods have been used to reinforce cementitious materials which have a weak tensile strength. A major reinforcing method is to mix the matrix with fibers which have a strong tensile strength. Recently, micro-fiber reinforced mortar has been studied. This type of mortar has the coarse aggregates removed and uses micro-fibers in order to homogenize the matrix properties and maximize the performance of the fibers. Micro-fiber reinforced mortar can exhibit different cracking characteristics, showing many distributed cracks. Hence, the flexural performance is different from that of conventional fiber reinforced mortar. This paper investigates the flexural behaviors of micro-fiber reinforced mortars which have different fiber types and mixture proportions. The flexural behavior, flexural toughness, and number of cracks are explored with respect to the fiber types and contents.

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Yang, Fan, Gan Qin, Kang Liu, Feng Xiong, and Wu Liu. "Analytical and Numerical Study on the Performance of the Curved Surface of a Circular Tunnel Reinforced with CFRP." Buildings 12, no. 11 (November 21, 2022): 2042. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12112042.

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Pasting carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) has become an effective method to reinforce the circular tunnel. For this reinforcement method, the mechanical performance of the curved substrate is important to keep the coordinated deformation of CFRP and the lining concrete. To investigate the effect of interface curvature on the stresses of the reinforced interface, an analytical model is proposed for the curved reinforced interface with the consideration of the interface bond–slip relationship. Additionally, a 3D numerical model is established to further investigate the effects of some important parameters (CFRP’s layer, length, elastic modulus, thickness and the adhesive’s elastic modulus, thickness) on the reinforced interface stresses. The results reveal that the stress state of the curved reinforced interface is more complex than that of the plane reinforced interface. With decreasing the radius of the curved reinforced interface, the interface radial stresses are increased significantly, while the circumferential stresses hardly change. For the adhesive, decreasing the elastic modulus and thickness of the adhesive layer can significantly improve the stress state of the reinforced interface. For the CFRP, decreasing the thickness, elastic modulus and layer number of CFRP is conducive to full utilization of materials and long-term combined work of the concrete and CFRP.

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Tong, Fang, Qiang Ma, and Wenwen Xing. "Improvement of Clayey Soils by Combined Bamboo Strip and Flax Fiber Reinforcement." Advances in Civil Engineering 2019 (October 17, 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/7274161.

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A combined bamboo strips and flax fiber reinforcement method to reinforce clay is proposed in this paper, and in order to study the mechanical properties of bamboo strips and flax fiber-reinforced clay (BFRC), a series of tensile tests were carried out to obtain the relationship between the average tensile force and deformation of flax fiber and bamboo strip; after that, triaxial shear tests were carried out under the conditions of different confining pressures. In addition, the reinforcement mechanism of the bamboo strips and flax fiber-reinforced clay (BFRC) is analyzed. The test results show that the cohesion and internal friction angle of the bamboo strips and flax fiber-reinforced clay (BFRC) are improved compared with the pure clay. In the case of flax fiber-reinforced clay, the cohesion of reinforced clay is increased by 18.34% and the friction angle is only increased by 0.39%. In the case of bamboo strips and flax fiber-reinforced clay, the cohesion of reinforced clay is increased by 26.36% and the friction angle is only increased by 10.24%. The addition of bamboo strips improves the shear strength of the reinforced clay and effectively improves the deformation resistance of the flax fiber-reinforced clay (FRC). And it increases the internal friction angle and cohesion of the clay, although the increase in the strength is mainly reflected in the influence on the cohesion.

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Zhang, Yu, Ping Liu, Jin Cheng, and Rui Liu. "Research on the Application of Compound-Grouting Reinforcement Technology to Earthquake Damaged Masonry Structure." Advanced Materials Research 430-432 (January 2012): 1859–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.430-432.1859.

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Houses of different structures are destroyed inordinately in Wenchuan earthquake .The weight and stiffness of multi-story masonry walls is big and they are destroyed seriously. In this paper, the earthquake damaged brick-concrete structural walls in Southwest university of science and technology are repaired and reinforced using compound-grouting reinforcement technology. By comparing the bearing capacity of the walls before and after repaired and reinforced and calculating, the result that reinforcement effect is good when adopting compound-grouting reinforcement technique to reinforce the masonry walls and the bearing capacity of reinforced walls is restored and improved is got.

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31

Wang, Lei, Chunxia He, and Xingxing Yang. "Effects of pretreatment on the soil aging behavior of rice husk fibers/polyvinyl chloride composites." BioResources 14, no. 1 (November 8, 2018): 59–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.14.1.59-69.

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The application of rice husk fibers (RHFs) to reinforce wood plastic composites has received appreciable attention. However, good interfacial adhesion is important for actual applications. Pretreatment methods can reduce the hydroxyl groups in plant fibers in order for them to bond with the plastic matrix. In this research, RHFs were pretreated by four methods: hydrothermal treatment (HT), microwave treatment (MT), alkali treatment (AT), and benzoylation treatment (BT). The effects of the four pretreatment methods on aging behavior of RHFs/polyvinyl chloride (PVC) composites was studied with simulated soil-accelerated aging conditions. Accelerated-soil aging caused the physical and mechanical properties of the composites to deteriorate. The ultimate performance of the composites was improved by the pretreated RHFs. The effectiveness ranking of the pretreatment methods was: benzoylation-treated RHFs reinforced PVC (BRRP) > alkali-treated RHFs reinforced PVC (ARRP) > hydrothermal-treated RHFs reinforced PVC (HRRP) > microwave-treated RHFs reinforced PVC (MRRP) > untreated RHFs reinforced PVC (URRP).

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32

Islam, Md Zahirul, Ali Amiri, and Chad A. Ulven. "Fatigue Behavior Comparison of Inter-Ply and Intra-Ply Hybrid Flax-Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Matrix Composites." Journal of Composites Science 5, no. 7 (July 14, 2021): 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs5070184.

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Hybridization of natural fiber with synthetic fiber to reinforce polymer matrix composites is an effective way of increasing fatigue strength of composites with substantial amount of bio-based content. Flax is the strongest type of bast natural fiber, possessing excellent mechanical and damping properties. Fatigue properties of flax fiber hybridized with synthetic carbon fiber reinforced polymer matrix composites were studied. Fatigue properties of inter-ply hybrid flax-carbon fiber reinforced composite were compared to intra-ply hybrid flax-carbon fiber reinforced composites through tensile fatigue testing at 70% load of ultimate tensile strength and with a loading frequency of 3 Hz. For similar amount (by mass) of flax and carbon fiber, intra-ply flax-carbon fiber hybrid reinforced composite exhibited a very large increase (>2000%) in fatigue life compared to inter-ply flax-carbon fiber hybrid reinforced composites. Suitable hybridization can produce hybrid composites that are as strong as synthetic fiber composites while containing a high bio-based content of natural fibers.

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Wang, Ren Zhe. "The Conductive Composites Test Technology for the Reinforced Cushioned Formation." Key Engineering Materials 500 (January 2012): 80–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.500.80.

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The sensing technology based on sensitive conductive composites was used on the reinforced cushion in a coal mine silo foundation. The reinforced belt sensor made from sensitive conductive rubber’s composites was flexible and large deformation. It is the ideal test sensor for the low-modulus and large strain reinforce belt. The results show that the new type of sensor performance is stability and the test is good.

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34

Kuperman, Aleksandr, Yuliya Gorbatkina, and Robert Turusov. "High-Strength Reinforced Plastics." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 10. Innovatcionnaia deiatel’nost’, no. 2 (May 2015): 39–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu10.2015.2.4.

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35

Tan, Feng Yi, Rong Hua Zou, Han Bing Hu, and Zu Kai Lin. "Construction Technology of Geogrid with Simplified Wrapped Face to Reinforce Swelling Rock Slope." Advanced Materials Research 261-263 (May 2011): 1690–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.261-263.1690.

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The swelling rock slope reinforced by geogrid with wrapped face was one of reinforced methods in the swelling rock test region of main canal in South-to-North Water Division Project, the key step was the geogrid with wrapped face in layer by layer, which was not only the core step to make sure the reinforced swelling rock slope with geogrid as a integrality, but also the most complex, time consuming and cost in the whole process. From the in situ test, the construction technology and related construction parameters of geogrid of simplified face to reinforce the swelling rock slope was obtained, in which the construction of geogrid with wrapped face was optimized, the construction progress was improved and its cost was reduced, which contributed to the generalization and application of geogrid with simplified wrapped face to reinforce swelling rock slope in the middle-route of South-to-North Water Division Project, meanwhile, it was provided as a references for similar engineering.

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36

Askarizadeh, N., and M. R. Mohammadizadeh. "Numerical Analysis of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic (CFRP) Shear Walls and Steel Strips under Cyclic Loads Using Finite Element Method." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 7, no. 6 (December 18, 2017): 2147–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.1279.

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Reinforced concrete shear walls are the main elements of resistance against lateral loads in reinforced concrete structures. These walls should not only provide sufficient resistance but also provide sufficient ductility in order to avoid brittle fracture, particularly under strong seismic loads. However, many reinforced concrete shear walls need to be stabilized and reinforced due to various reasons such as changes in requirements of seismic regulations, weaknesses in design and execution, passage of time, damaging environmental factors, patch of rebar in plastic hinges and in some cases failures and weaknesses caused by previous earthquakes or explosion loads. Recently, Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) components have been extensively and successfully used in seismic improvement. This study reinforces FRP reinforced concrete shear walls and steel strips. CFRP and steel strips are evaluated by different yield and ultimate strength. Numerical and experimental studies are done on walls with scale 1/2. These walls are exposed to cyclic loading. Hysteresis curves of force, drift and strain of FRP strips are reviewed in order to compare results of numerical work and laboratory results. Both numerical and laboratory results show that CFRP and steel strips increase resistance, capacity and ductility of the structure.

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Ma, Li Jun. "Research on Bridge Seismic Performance of Reinforced Concrete Reinforced by Carbon Fiber." Advanced Materials Research 1055 (November 2014): 15–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1055.15.

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With the increase of urban construction, appraising and reinforcing the existing architectures is increasingly attracting people’s attention. As a high-strength light material, more and more carbon fiber materials are applied to reinforce architecture. Using carbon fiber sheet to strengthen reinforced concrete frame structure not only can effectively improve the ultimate load-carrying capacity and energy dissipation capacity, but also can maintain the later stiffness and stability. And the reinforcement effect of carbon fiber is more evident.

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Lv, Li Bin, Mei Du, and Yong Xun. "Design and Production of Pre-Stressed Carbon Fabric Used in Fabric Reinforced Concrete Board." Applied Mechanics and Materials 174-177 (May 2012): 900–904. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.174-177.900.

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Pre-stressed fabric reinforced concrete sheet is used to make permanent model or to reinforce the existing buildings, it will make the surface of reinforced concrete with steel bar tightness and better cracking resistance, it is beneficial to fully manifest the effect of high strength and high modulus before the sheet cracking; the pre-stressed method improves sheet rigidity, it is beneficial for the sheet to cooperate with structure of reinforced concrete. The paper introduced the designing process of carbon/glass braided fabric composite material, and illuminated selecting raw material, means of making fabric, specification and selecting impregnating agent, meanwhile it made simple measurement to the fabric.

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Blair, C. A. J., Pam Blundell, Tiffany Galtress, Geoffrey Hall, and Simon Killcross. "Discrimination between Outcomes in Instrumental Learning: Effects of Preexposure to the Reinforcers." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section B 56, no. 3b (August 2003): 253–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02724990244000241.

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In two experiments rats received instrumental training with two response levers, one response being reinforced by sucrose solution and the other by sucrose pellets. Prior to a test session, on which both levers were made available in the absence of reinforcement, the rats were given free access to one of the reinforcers, a procedure known to reduce its value. It was found that the rats responded at a lower rate on the lever that had produced the now-devalued reinforcer, but that this effect was substantial only in rats that had received preexposure to the two reinforcers before instrumental training was begun (Experiment 1). Experiment 2 demonstrated that this effect was obtained only when presentations of the two reinforcers were presented according to an inter-mixed schedule during preexposure. It is suggested that this result constitutes an instance of the perceptual learning effect in which intermixed preexposure to similar events enhances their discriminability.

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Frolov, Kirill E. "Experimental studies of reinforced concrete structures of hydraulic structures strengthened with composite materials." Structural Mechanics of Engineering Constructions and Buildings 15, no. 3 (December 15, 2019): 237–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/1815-5235-2019-15-3-237-242.

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Relevance. During the operation process (first of all, long-term operation) of hydraulic structures, it becomes necessary to strengthen their reinforced concrete structures. In recent years, reinforcement of reinforced concrete structures has been used in industrial and civil construction by external reinforcement systems made of composite materials (for example, carbon materials). In this case, in hydraulic engineering construction there are only isolated examples of such amplification. Aims of research. Experimental studies of reinforced concrete structures of hydraulic structures strengthened with external reinforcement from carbon materials presented in the article were carried out in order to substantiate the use of external reinforcement based on carbon materials (tapes and lamellae) to reinforce reinforced concrete structures of hydraulic structures. Methods. In order to carry out an experimental study of the strengthening of hydraulic structures with external reinforcement, reinforced concrete models of hydraulic structures of a beam type were made of carbon materials. At the same time, reinforced concrete structures with characteristic features of hydraulic structures, such as low concrete classes and reinforcement percentages (less than 1%), were adopted for modeling. Reinforced concrete models were strengthened with carbon ribbons and lamellae. Experimental studies were carried out under the action of a bending moment using standard methods. The increase in the strength of reinforced concrete structures due to their reinforcement with carbon ribbons and lamellae was determined. Results. The results of experimental studies of the strength of reinforced concrete structures of hydraulic structures without reinforcement and reinforced with carbon ribbons and lamellae under the action of a bending moment are presented. On the basis of the comparison carried out, the increase in the strength of reinforced concrete structures is determined by their reinforcement with carbon ribbons and lamellae.

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41

Xing, Huai Nian, Xiao Peng Zhang, Zeng Li Liu, and Li Qiang Jin. "Mechanical Property Test Study on Fibre-Reinforced Sandwich Core Board." Advanced Materials Research 550-553 (July 2012): 3384–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.550-553.3384.

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Some tests including tensile test, bending test and shear test have been done to fibre-reinforced sandwich core boards which are ready applied to high speed train. Fibre laying craftwork is introduced in the paper and the test results show that the uniformity of fibre laying craftwork is good. The laying fibres have effective enhanced axial strength and modulus of fibre-reinforced sandwich core board. The reinforce influence degree to modulus is greater than strength.

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42

Panfilov, Denis, Alexander Pischulev, and Yuriy Zhiltsov. "Stress-strain behaviour of pre-stressed slabs of off-shuttering formation reinforced by carbon fiber." MATEC Web of Conferences 196 (2018): 02016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819602016.

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The paper presents calculations result of an assembled reinforced concrete hollow core slab of off-shuttering formation which has been reinforced with pre-stressed wire in its top and bottom areas reinforced with carbon fiber, in their turn. The research also examines the existing practice of using carbon fiber as reinforcement elements of reinforced concrete structures, existing specification documents regulating carbon fiber application of carbon in the Russian Federation as well as specification documents containing information about carbon fiber strength and stress-strain properties. The article contains the information on the scheme of loading, conditions of the slab fastening, geometrical characteristics of floor slab panels, physical characteristics of concrete and reinforcement of the experimental sample; technical characteristics of carbon reinforcement elements. The research results are represented as graphs of variance of construction deflections under loading in operating conditions of a slab wIth and without cracks before its reinforcement, and also in the moment of reinforcement. The research shows that using of carbon fiber to reinforce flexural elements with preliminary stress allows to increase rigidity and crack resistance of reinforced concrete elements.

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43

Choi, Chang Sik, and Hye Yeon Lee. "Rehabilitation of Reinforce Concrete Frames with Reinforced Concrete Infills." Key Engineering Materials 324-325 (November 2006): 635–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.324-325.635.

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The purpose of this study is to understand the fundamental resistance mechanism and the shear strength of the frame with the reinforced concrete infill wall by comparing analytical with experimental results. For this, one-story and one-bay four specimens were manufactured with variables; Lightly Reinforced Concrete Frame (LRCF), monolith placing Shear Wall (SW), CIP Infill Wall (CIW-1) and CIP Infill Wall reinforced with diagonal rebar (CIW-2). The addition of the RC infill wall was significantly improved the strength and the stiffness. Compared with specimen LRCF, ultimate strength and initial stiffness of infills was improved 4 and 6 times, respectively. The case of specimen CIW-2, structural performance was improved remarkably by placing a diagonal rebar.

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44

Parikh, Yash M. "Retrofitting Reinforced Concrete Columns using Fibre Reinforce Polymer (FRP)." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 7, no. 6 (June 30, 2019): 2665–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2019.6452.

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45

Carsí, Manuel, José A. Jiménez, Xabier Gomez-Mitxelena, and Oscar A. Ruano. "Development of a 2.25%Cr Steel P23 Reinforced with Micro/Nano-Carbide Particles Produced by Self-Propagating High-Temperature Synthesis." Materials Science Forum 879 (November 2016): 1624–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.879.1624.

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In the present work, 1 wt.% of (Ti,Nb)C carbide particles prepared by self-propagating high temperature synthesis (SHS) were introduced into a melt of a conventional P23 steel to obtain a reinforced material with improved creep properties. The as-cast material showed a eutectic type microstucture, indicating partial dissolution of these carbides in the melt. Inside the dendritic regions, a bainitic/martensitic structure similar to that of the unreinforced material was present. A significant refinement of the prior austenitic grain size was revealed in the reinforced material. Brinell hardeness measurements reveal an increase of hardness in the reinforeced material due to the addition of the carbides. High strain rate compression tests were perfomed at temperatures in the range 950 and 1250oC to determine the optimum forming conditions. Stability maps for a wide range of temperatures and strain rates were drawn. The optimum temperature for the reinforced steel is about 77 K higher than for the non-reinforced steel.

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46

Liu, Jun Wei, Zhong Miao Zhang, Ri Hong Zhang, and Shu Feng Wang. "Comparative Experimental Study on Flexural Property of Reinforced and Conventional PHC Pile." Advanced Materials Research 163-167 (December 2010): 2376–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.163-167.2376.

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Reinforced PHC piles make use of nonprestressed steel bars to reinforce the initial steel cage, with the intent being to invent novel piles that have better flexural properties than the conventional PHC piles. In this study, a comprehensive test program was carried out with 12 full-scale test piles to compare the flexural properties of two different types of PHC piles. The flexural stiffness of the reinforced PHC pile is greater than the flexural stiffness of the conventional PHC pile. The Reinforced PHC pile and the conventional PHC pile exhibited similar axial stress development, planar section remained in pile mid-span during the initial period and the neutral axis shifted upward after concrete cracking. The cracking patterns and failure modes for two different types of PHC piles are evidently different. The moment capacities for reinforced piles were significantly higher than the values for the conventional piles, and the improvements increase in order from the pile specification of B to the AB to the A.

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Leung, H. Y., and R. V. Balendran. "Flexural behaviour of concrete beams internally reinforced with GFRP rods and steel rebars." Structural Survey 21, no. 4 (October 1, 2003): 146–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02630800310507159.

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Use of fibre‐reinforced polymer (FRP) composite rods, in lieu of steel rebars, as the main flexural reinforcements in reinforced concrete (RC) beams have recently been suggested by many researchers. However, the development of FRP RC beam design is still stagnant in the construction industry and this may be attributed to a number of reasons such as the high cost of FRP rods compared to steel rebars and the reduced member ductility due to the brittleness of FRP rods. To resolve these problems, one of the possible methods is to adopt both FRP rods and steel rebars to internally reinforce the concrete members. The effectiveness of this new reinforcing system remains problematic and continued research in this area is needed. An experimental study on the load‐deflection behaviour of concrete beams internally reinforced with glass fibre‐reinforced polymer (GFRP) rods and steel rebars was therefore conducted and some important findings are summarized in this paper.

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Han, Yiming, Nan Li, and Guangxi Zhang. "Study on Flexural Behavior of Corroded I-Shaped Steel Beams Strengthened with Hybrid CFRP/GFRP Sheets." Materials 16, no. 14 (July 19, 2023): 5080. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16145080.

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How to effectively reinforce steel structures with rust and damage is an important research topic in the engineering field. This article takes the rusted I-beam as the research object and analyzes the effects of different CFRP/GFRP reinforcement methods on the bending performance of rusted I-beams through experimental research with a total of 1 unreinforced beam and 7 CFRP/GFRP-reinforced beams. The results show that when the number of CFRP/GFRP-reinforced layers is the same, replacing some of the CFRP with GFRP and using different interlayer mixed laying sequences have little effect on the bending bearing capacity of rusted I-beams. The number of CFRP/GFRP-reinforced layers is the key factor affecting the bending bearing capacity. At the same time, numerical simulation was conducted using finite element software to study the stress distribution and stress development law of the reinforced beam, and the numerical simulation results were consistent with the experimental results.

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Luo, Hai Yan, Qi Li, and Dan Zhao. "Study on Repairing and Strengthening Measures of Reinforced Concrete Truss Arch Bridge." Applied Mechanics and Materials 340 (July 2013): 64–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.340.64.

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This thesis takes reinforced concrete truss arch bridge---Nanchengzi River Bridge as an example, and adopts bonded steel reinforcement method, section increasing method and deck reinforcement method to reinforce this bridge. It also adopts finite element method to make a calculation and analysis of stress condition of this bridge after reinforcement, and gain the maximum stress value and span deflection of this bridge after reinforcement, so as to provide useful reference for the repairing and reinforcement of this reinforced concrete truss arch bridge.

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Liang, Jiong Feng, Ze Ping Yang, and Zhi Ming Qiu. "Calculation of Flexural Capacity of High-Strength Reinforced Concrete Beams Strengthened with FRP." Applied Mechanics and Materials 71-78 (July 2011): 815–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.71-78.815.

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The mechanical properties of high-strength reinforced concrete beams strengthened with FRP ( fiber reinforce polymer) are further investigated theoretically including it s failure mechanism and loadability,based on earlier theoretical works on RC beams. And the correlation equation of flexural capacity on the cross section of high-strength reinforced concrete beams strengthened with FRP is deduced according to different types of failure.The correlation equation is shown to be in good agreement with the experimental results, which can be referred to engineering application.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Reinforced'

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