Relevant bibliographies by topics / Reinforced concrete – Corrosion

Academic literature on the topic 'Reinforced concrete – Corrosion'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Reinforced concrete – Corrosion"

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Hernández, Y., O. Troconis de Rincón, A. Torres, S. Delgado, J. Rodríguez, and O. Morón. "Relación entre la velocidad de corrosión de la armadura y el ancho de fisuras en vigas de concreto armado expuestas a ambientes que simulan el medio marino." Revista ALCONPAT 6, no. 3 (September 30, 2016): 272–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.21041/ra.v6i3.152.

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Relación entre la velocidad de corrosión de la armadura y el ancho de fisuras en vigas de concreto armado expuestas a ambientes que simulan el medio marino RESUMENEsta investigación presenta una relación empírica entre la velocidad de corrosión de la armadura y la velocidad de ensanchamiento de fisuras por corrosión del recubrimiento de concreto en vigas, con o sin aplicación de carga. Se evaluaron vigas de concreto armado, expuestas a un proceso de corrosión natural mediante el rociado con solución salina al 3,5 %p/p de NaCl, para acelerar el proceso corrosivo de la armadura, mediante ensayos electroquímicos. El ancho de fisuras se evaluó mensualmente para estimar la relación existente entre éste y la pérdida de sección de la armadura. Los resultados demuestran que existe una relación directa entre la propagación del ancho de fisuras y la velocidad de corrosión, observando fisuras de mayor ancho en vigas cargadas.Palabras clave: corrosion; concreto armado; vigas cargadas; ancho de fisuras. Reinforcement corrosion rate and crack width relationship in concrete beams exposed to simulated marine environment ABSTRACTThis investigation presents an empirical correlation between the rebar corrosion rate and the corrosion-induced crack width propagation rate produced on beam's concrete cover, with or without load application to these beams. Reinforced concrete beams were evaluated, exposed to a natural corrosion process by spraying with 3.5 %w/w NaCl solution, to accelerate the rebar corrosion process, was performed with electrochemical tests. The beams corrosion-cracking evaluation was performed once every month, to determine the relation between crack width and the rebar corrosion loss. The results showed a direct relation between crack width propagation and rebar corrosion rate, showing wider cracks in the loaded beams.Keywords: corrosion; reinforced concrete; loaded beams; crack widths. Relação entre a velocidade de corrosão da armadura e a largura das fissuras em vigas de concreto armado expostas a ambientes que simulam o ambiente marinho RESUMOEsta pesquisa apresenta uma relação empírica entre a taxa de corrosão da armadura e a abertura de fissuras por efeito da corrosão da armadura em vigas de concreto, com ou sem aplicação de carga. Foram avaliadas vigas de concreto armado, expostas a um processo de corrosão natural por pulverização com solução salina a concentração de 3,5% de NaCl, para acelerar o processo de corrosão da armadura, mediante ensaios eletroquímicos. A abertura das fissuras foi avaliada mensalmente para estimar a relação entre ela e a perda de seção da armadura. Os resultados mostram que existe uma relação direta entre a propagação da abertura da fissura e a taxa de corrosão, observando a ocorrência de fissuras de maior abertura nas vigas sob carga.Palavras-chave: corrosão; vigas de concreto armado sob carga; abertura de fissuras.
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Anandan, Sivakumar, Sounthararajan Vallarasu Manoharan, and Thirumurugan Sengottian. "Corrosion Effects on the Strength Properties of Steel Fibre Reinforced Concrete Containing Slag and Corrosion Inhibitor." International Journal of Corrosion 2014 (2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/595040.

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Corrosion in steel can be detrimental in any steel rebar reinforced concrete as well as in the case of steel fibre reinforced concrete. The process of corrosion occurring in steel fibre incorporated concrete subjected to corrosive environment was systematically evaluated in this study. Concrete specimens were prepared with steel fibre inclusions at 1.5%Vf(volume fraction) of concrete and were added in slag based concrete (containing manufactured sand) and replaced with cement at 20%, 40%, and 60% of total binder. Accelerated corrosion studies were carried out using alternate wetting and drying cycle accompanied with initial stress at 40% and 60% of ultimate stress. Concrete specimens were then immersed in chloride-free water and sodium chloride solution (3.5%) after subjecting to initial stress. The alternate wetting and drying process of different concrete mixes was continued for longer exposure (6 months). Later, the strength degradation during the accelerated corrosion process was then assessed in compressive and flexural tests. Test results indicated that the strength degradation was marginal in the case of steel fibre reinforced concrete containing higher slag content and for the concretes containing corrosion inhibitors. The maximum strength reduction was noticed in the case of plain concrete containing steel fibres and, with the slag addition, a considerable reduction in corrosion potential was noticed. Also, with the increase in slag replacement up to 60%, a significant increase in strength was noticed in flexural test. Experimental test results also showed that the corrosion process in steel fibre reinforced concrete can be controlled with the incorporation of corrosion inhibitors in cementitious system.
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Дронов and Andrey Dronov. "THE PROPERTIES OF PITTING CORROSION OF STEEL REINFORCEMENT OF REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS." Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov 2, no. 3 (April 4, 2017): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/24678.

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Two types of steel reinforcement depassivation process: carbonation of concrete and chloride penetration are considered in the article. The comparison between the corrosion due to carbonation of concrete and the chloride-induced corrosion was carried out. It was found out, that chlorides induced corrosion is potentially more dangerous than that resulting from carbonation. Method of durable tests of reinforced concrete structures under the action of the gravitational load and the corrosive chloride environment is described in the article. The results of experimental research on reinforced concrete structures with corrosive damages to steel reinforcement are given in the article. The properties of corrosion cracking in the case of the pitting corrosion were determined. The character of corrosive damage distribution along the reinforcement bars and its effect on the strength of reinforced concrete beams were determined.
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Meneses, R. S., J. M. Moro, R. R. Aveldaño, and N. F. Ortega. "Influencia del espesor del recubrimiento de elementos de hormigón armado expuestos a procesos de corrosión y sometidos a cargas externas." Revista ALCONPAT 6, no. 2 (May 31, 2016): 129–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.21041/ra.v6i2.134.

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Influencia del espesor del recubrimiento de elementos de hormigón armado expuestos a procesos de corrosión y sometidos a cargas externasRESUMENAl realizar estudios sobre corrosión en hormigón armado, es importante considerar en los ensayos, la acción de cargas externas, pues esta situación es la más frecuente en las estructuras. En este trabajo, se presentan los resultados obtenidos al exponer a un proceso de corrosión acelerada, a vigas de hormigón armado sometidas a esfuerzos flexionales, materializados con cargas, que generan iguales tensiones de tracción en las armaduras corroídas. Las vigas se fabricaron con diferentes espesores de recubrimiento de las armaduras y con un hormigón de resistencia característica 25 MPa. Este estudio pone en evidencia la influencia del espesor de recubrimiento de las armaduras, sobre el proceso de corrosión y su manifestación externa (fisuración del recubrimiento), frente a las mismas solicitaciones mecánicas.Palabras claves: corrosión de armaduras traccionadas; recubrimiento; fisuración. Influence of the thickness of the coating of the elements of reinforced concrete exposed to corrosion processes and subjected to external loadsABSTRACTWhen studies are done in reinforced concrete, it is important to consider the action of external loads, since that is the most common situation in structures. In this study we present the results of exposing reinforced concrete beams to a process of accelerated corrosion, while under bending stresses caused by loads that generate equal tensile stresses on the corroded reinforcements. The beams were built with different cover thicknesses over the reinforcements, and with a 25 MPa characteristic resistance concrete. This study shows the influence of the cover thickness over the corrosion process and its external manifestation (cover cracking), under the same mechanical stress.Keywords: tension corrosion reinforcement; cover; cracking. Influência da espessura de cobrimento dos elementos de concreto armado expostos a processos de corrosão e submetidos a cargas externasRESUMOAo realizar estudos sobre corrosão em concreto armado, é importante considerar nos ensaios a ação de cargas externas, pois esta situação é mais frequente nas estruturas. Neste artigo apresentam-se os resultados obtidos ao expor vigas de concreto armado a um processo de corrosão acelerada, submetidas a esforços de flexão materializados com cargas que geram tensões constantes de tração nas armaduras corroídas. As vigas foram elaboradas com diferentes espessuras de cobrimento das armaduras e com um concreto de resistência característica de 25MPa. Este estudo coloca em evidência a influência da espessura de cobrimento das armaduras, sobre o processo de corrosão e sua manifestação externa (fissuração do cobrimento), frente às mesmas solicitações mecânicas.Palavras-chave: corrosão de armaduras tracionadas; cobrimento; fissuração.
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Qin, Xian Ming, Chao Yan, Yue Li, and Juan Zhao. "Influence of Corrosion Inhibitor on Marine Concrete Corrosion Rate." Advanced Materials Research 446-449 (January 2012): 3508–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.446-449.3508.

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Corrosion inhibitor have a significant influence on corrosion rate of marine concrete. In this paper, linear polarization method is used in reinforced concrete that under marine environment, and reinforced concrete is mixed with corrosion inhibitor. The results show that: corrosion inhibitor has a little influence on the basic mechanical properties of reinforced concrete, and it can effectively improve the corrosion resistance ability of reinforced concrete. For reinforced concrete of the same corrosion inhibitor content, with the decline of water-cement ratio, the steel corrosion rate descends; in a certain content range , with the increase of corrosion inhibitor content, the corrosion rate of reinforced concrete decreases evidently.
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Pepenar, Ioan. "Corrosion behaviour of reinforced concrete constructions in acid aggressive environments: case studies, laboratory tests and corrosion mechanisms." MATEC Web of Conferences 149 (2018): 01018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201814901018.

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The paper presents the results of research on the corrosion behaviour of reinforced concrete elements which compose the bearing structure of some constructions subjected to the corrosive action of acid aggressive agents, after a long-term service in a strongly aggressive environment. To evaluate the damage state of reinforced concrete elements/constructions, both “in situ” investigation of constructions and laboratory tests on concrete samples extracted from some elements damaged by corrosion, using a specific investigation methodology were performed. The results of the research revealed the existence of a severe corrosion-induced damage of the structural elements, which affected the resistance, stability and durability of the constructions. Based on case studies on the service behaviour of reinforced concrete elements, there are pointed out the specific damages generated by the corrosive action of the acid aggressive agents, the causes of their occurrence and presents considerations on the mechanisms of the corrosion processes of concrete and steel reinforcement in acid aggressive environments. Finally, there were proposed intervention measures in order to assure normal service conditions of the reinforced concrete constructions located in such aggressive environments.
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Almeraya, Facundo, José Maria Bastidas, Andres A. Torres Acosta, and Citlalli Gaona Tiburcio. "Corrosion in Reinforced Concrete." International Journal of Corrosion 2012 (2012): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/986186.

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Okeniyi, Joshua Olusegun, Isaac Oluwaseun Oladele, Oluwafemi Michael Omoniyi, Cleophas Akintoye Loto, and Abimbola Patricia Idowu Popoola. "Inhibition and compressive-strength performance of Na2Cr2O7 and C10H14N2Na2O8·2H2O in steel-reinforced concrete in corrosive environments." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 42, no. 6 (June 2015): 408–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2014-0364.

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This paper studied corrosion-inhibition and compressive-strength performances of Na2Cr2O7 (sodium dichromate) and C10H14N2Na2O8·2H2O (ethylenediaminetetraacetic disodium salt: EDTA-Na2) admixtures in steel-reinforced concrete immersed in NaCl and in H2SO4 corrosive environments. Electrochemical methods were used for studying corrosion responses of different concentrations of the individual admixtures and their synergies, in the model that partially replace the toxic Na2Cr2O7 by the environmentally-friendly C10H14N2Na2O8·2H2O, in steel-reinforced concretes. After the electrochemical experiment, the steel-reinforced concrete samples were subjected to the compressive-strength testing and analyses of ASTM C39/C39M-03 and ASTM C267-01(2012). Results showed that the use of environmentally-friendly EDTA-Na2 for partially replacing toxic Na2Cr2O7 chemical exhibited better corrosion-inhibition and compressive-strength improvement in the NaCl-immersed concretes, than in the H2SO4-immersed concretes. The 2 g Na2Cr2O7 + 6 g EDTA-Na2 admixture (representing partial replacement model of 6 g Na2Cr2O7 by 6 g EDTA-Na2) exhibited optimal corrosion inhibition efficiency (η = 99.0%) and very good compressive-strength improvement advantage in the NaCl-immersed concretes. In contrast, comparatively low compressive-strength reduction trade-off with the good inhibition effectiveness of η = 79.9% support use of 6 g EDTA-Na2 admixture only (i.e., without Na2Cr2O7 addition) for inhibiting reinforcing-steel corrosion in the H2SO4-immersed concretes.
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Mirsayapov, Ilshat, Samat Yakupov, and Majd Hassoun. "About concrete and reinforced concrete corrosion." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 890 (August 13, 2020): 012061. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/890/1/012061.

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Wasim, Muhammad, Rajeev Roychand, Rhys Barnes, Jason Talevski, David Law, Jie Li, and Mohammad Saberian. "Performance of Reinforced Foam and Geopolymer Concretes against Prolonged Exposures to Chloride in a Normal Environment." Materials 16, no. 1 (December 23, 2022): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16010149.

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The utilization of sustainable cement replacement materials in concrete can control the emission of carbon dioxide and greenhouse gases in the construction industry, thus contributing significantly to the environment, society, and the global economy. Various types of sustainable concrete including geopolymer concrete are tested for their efficacy for construction in laboratories. However, the performance and longevity of sustainable concrete for civil engineering applications in corrosive environments are still debatable. This paper aims to investigate the performance of the reinforced geopolymer (GPC) and foam concretes (FC) against corrosive chloride exposure. Two long term key parameters, i.e., corrosion rate and mechanical performance of reinforcing steel in geopolymer and foam concrete were assessed to evaluate their performance against chloride attack. For experiments, reinforced GPC and FC specimens, each admixed with 3 and 5% chlorides, were kept at varying temperatures and humidity levels in the environmental chambers. The corrosion rates of the reinforced geopolymer and foam concrete specimens were also compared with control specimens after 803 days and the tensile strength of the corroded reinforcing steel was also determined. Moreover, the long term efficacy of repaired patches (810 days), in a chloride-rich surrounding environment utilizing FC and GPC, was investigated. The results suggested greater performance of FC compared to GPC under standard environmental conditions. However, the simulated patch repair with GPC showed better resistance against chloride attack compared to FC. The research also undertook the fractographical examination of the surfaces of the reinforcement exposed to 5% admixed chloride and develops models for the corrosion rates of foam concrete as a function of the corrosion rates of geopolymer concrete and chloride content. A correlation model for the corrosion rates of FC and GPC was also developed. The findings of the current research and the model developed are novel and contribute to the knowledge of long term degradation science of geopolymers and form concrete materials. Furthermore, the findings and methodology of the current research have practical significance in the construction and repair industry for determining the remaining service life for any reinforced and steel infrastructure.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Reinforced concrete – Corrosion"

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Leyne, Eileen. "Corrosion in reinforced concrete repair." Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=82611.

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Lack of a scientific design approach for repair and rehabilitation of corroding reinforced concrete infrastructure has resulted in significant financial and social costs. This experimental program was primarily undertaken to examine the corrosion process in reinforced concrete repair, which has different characteristics as compared with corrosion in new construction. The program was designed to gain a deeper understanding of how certain restoration strategies may lead to problems of electrochemical incompatibility and result in ineffective corrosion mitigation.
Fifteen specimens, 1m by 1m by 0.2m, were cast to represent a section of a deteriorating reinforced concrete bridge deck slab. The central portion was uniquely designed to simulate the deterioration caused by corrosion activity in a bridge deck slab. After initiating corrosion using wetting and drying cycles with 15% salt solution, each specimen was subjected to a unique restoration strategy. The wetting and drying cycles continued, and a monitoring program was established to observe the corrosion activity of each specimen.
The results corroborate current research, that patch repairs can trigger the formation of a macrocell corrosion cell, or a ring of active corrosion surrounding the repaired zone. In addition, the results from the electrochemical testing revealed sharp differences in the corrosion behaviour of the different restoration strategies. However, the physical evidence of minimal corrosion for all four specimens that were demolished at the end of the testing period, reveals a discrepancy with the electrochemical testing results.
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Katwan, Moufaq Jassem. "Corrosion fatigue of reinforced concrete." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1988. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/5327/.

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This work is concerned with the corrosion fatigue characteristics of full-scale reinforced concrete beams partially submerged in 3.5% NaCl solution or in tapwater of low dissolved salt content. The test beams were subjected to constant amplitude fatigue loading in uni-directional or reverse bending at slow cycle rate of 0.17 Hz and various load levels. The test programme had two stages: Stage I, carried out at relatively high load levels, represented a study of the fatigue-failure phenomenon but also provided guides for the more detailed study undertaken in Stage II which was devoted to low load conditions under which the main steel deterioration process was corrosion. In the latter stage, attention was focused on the monitoring of a number of electrochemical parameters including the corrosion rate. Late in the programme, electrochemical noise technique was also examined. The phenomenon of concrete crack blocking, previously reported in seawater environment, was observed in both test environments in this work. This phenomenon was closely examined and the mechanisms of the formation of deposits and its effects were described. A hypothesis was proposed for the structural behaviour of reinforced concrete beams during cyclic loading in aqueous environment. Failure normally occurred by the fracture of one of the main tensile bars due to fatigue, often followed immediately by yield of the remaining bar and beams collapse. Fracture surfaces were examined under SEM.Corrosion rate measurements involved formidable difficulties which had to be overcome to obtain accurate measurements. For instance, the current interruption technique for the estimation of the IR-drop was developed and established as the most appropriate method for concrete beams with complex reinforcement configuration. Extensive polarisation measurements indicated clear effect of the test condition on the technical variables involved in various measuring techniques (viz potentiodynamic and potentiostatic techniques). Based on these observations a criterion has been proposed to determine the appropriate variables necessary for the accurate determination of the polarisation resistance Rp. The work has demonstrated that the corrosion behaviour of reinforced concrete sustaining dynamic loading is extremely complex, and short term indications could not be used safely for long term predictions. Based on corrosion rate measurements and the actual corrosion pattern observed upon completion of the tests, a concept of a change in corrosion mechanism from a microcell process of relatively low corrosion rates to a macrocell process at much accelerated high rates is introduced. The prevailing mechanism depends on time of exposure, load level and reinforcement details. Results from long running fatigue tests in seawater from concurrent research were incorporated which also support this concept.
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Saifullah, Mohammad. "Effect of reinforced corrosion on bond strength in reinforced concrete." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.496283.

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Premature deterioration of reinforced/prestressed concrete structures due to corrosion is of considerable current concern. One detrimental effect of corrosion of reinforcing/prestressing steel is the reduction of bond between steel and concrete due to the development of corrosion products at the interface. This thesis examines the influence of localized corrosion of reinforcing bars/ untensioned prestressing strands on their bond strength in concrete. In addition, an analytical study is conducted in order to investigate the complex behaviour due to cracking of cover concrete, non-uniform corrosion, presence of softened paste layer at the interface between steel and concrete, and stress relaxation due to creep in relation to the bond strength. The conditions of severe localized corrosion were simulated electrochemically. The main variables were cover-to-bar diameter ratio, reinforcement type, and corrosion rate. The influence of reinforcing/prestressing steel corrosion and cracking of the concrete cover on the behaviour of bond were studied at different stages of corrosion: non-corrosion, precracking, cracking, and postcracking levels. It was found that the bond strength increased with corrosion up to a certain amount. However, with the progressive increase in corrosion, the bond strength decreased very rapidly until the cracking of cover concrete, and then decreased at a very slow rate in the postcracking stage. The untensioned prestressing strands showed almost similar general behaviour but were found relatively more deteriorated due to corrosion in the postcracking stage under the similar corrosive conditions. The structural properties of steel such as yield strength and ultimate tensile strength were influenced significantly due to the enormous local reduction in cross-sectional area of the reinforcing/prestressing steel by corrosion. The test data showed that the percentage corrosion required to cause cracking of cover concrete varied linearly with cover-to-bar diameter ratio. Bond-slip studies at different stages of corrosion indicated that bond stiffness increases and then decreases with the increase of corrosion of reinforcing steel in concrete. Corroded prestressing strands exhibited a nonlinear bond-slip relationship. Corrosion rate was found to be a significant variable. Pullout bond specimens using deformed bars were exposed to the current densities of 4.0,2.0, 1.0,0.5,0.25,0.15,0.09, and 0.04 mA/cm'. Bond behaviour was studied at the cracking stage and after 20% corrosion. The results indicated a significant and non-linear effect of corrosion on bond strength. Both corrosion to cause cracking and bond strength as a ratio of the non-corroded bond strength increased with an increase of current density up to about 0.15-0.25 mA/CM2 , and then decreased with a further increase in current density. This explains the different results obtained by previous researchers at different corrosion rates. Finite element analysis of the effect of concrete cover at the stages of internal and surface cracking confirmed the behaviour found in the laboratory study. The presence of an interfacial softened paste layer showed no significant effect on the expansive pressure. The study of the relaxation of stresses due to creep showed that the high degradation in bond strength at high rate of corrosion was significantly contributed by the relaxation of stresses due to creep at the cracking stage. However, in the postcracking stage, creep showed little effect on the stresses in the concrete surrounding the reinforcing bar. It is concluded that it is extremely difficult to extrapolate laboratory data to field conditions. However, a simple assessment rule is proposed.
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Metaferia, Ineku Amhayesus. "Characterization of Steel Corrosion Products in Reinforced Concrete." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/42128.

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Steel corrosion is one of the major distress mechanisms that causes the deterioration of reinforced concrete structures around the world. It is an electrochemical reaction between the reinforcing steel and the surrounding concrete that produces a mass loss of the metal. Through the process of corrosion in reinforced concrete, iron ions get oxidized to form corrosion products (CP). Although multiple experiments and studies have been developed to understand the rheological behavior of corrosion products, this topic stays inconclusive. This work aims to characterize corrosion products at micro-scale in order to trace the progress of the formation of rust, to determine its nature and to analyse its rheological behavior in reinforced concrete. An experimental procedure to produce CP in the laboratory is also presented in this research. In addition, material characterization methods have been used to identify the iron oxide phases present in CP, determine their viscosity and rheological behavior and to study how CP flows in a porous media. In order to identify the different stages in the corrosion process, the CP was analysed at 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks. The experiments identified four phases of iron oxide for each period. Furthermore, it was found that CP behaves as a shear-thinning slurry and as a result, its viscosity decreases with the applied shear rate. In addition, the damage caused by CP on concrete depends on the w/c ratio of the concrete mix and the exposure time to a corroding environment. The rebar mass loss results show that CP is formed in layers around the rebar, and the flow of each CP layer can differ.
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Stanish, Kyle David. "Corrosion effects on bond strength in reinforced concrete." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq29397.pdf.

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Licardie, Giezi A. "Aggressive chlorine induced corrosion of embedded reinforced concrete /." Available to subscribers only, 2005. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1079666041&sid=2&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Lawson, K. "Corrosion monitoring and protective coating of reinforced concrete." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.292460.

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Christodoulou, Christian. "Repair and corrosion management of reinforced concrete structures." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2013. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/13577.

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The durability of concrete structures is affected by a number of factors such as environmental exposure, electrochemical reactions, mechanical loading, impact damage and others. Of all of these, corrosion of the reinforcement is probably the main cause for the deterioration of steel reinforced concrete (RC) structures. Corrosion management is becoming increasingly necessary as a result of the growing number of ageing infrastructure assets (e.g. bridges, tunnels etc.) and the increased requirement for unplanned maintenance in order to keep these structures operational throughout their design life (and commonly, beyond). The main RC repair, refurbishment and rehabilitation approaches generally employed can be broadly categorised under a) conventional, b) surface treatments, c) electrochemical treatments and d) design solutions. The overarching aim of this research was to identify the key corrosion management techniques and undertake empirical investigations focused on full-scale RC structures to investigate their long-term performance. To achieve this, individual research packages were identified from the above broad five approaches for repair, replacement and rehabilitation. These were 1) Patch repairs and incipient anodes, 2) Impressed Current Cathodic Protection, 3) Galvanic Cathodic Protection and 4) Hydrophobic treatments. The selection of the above research packages was based on past and present use by the construction industry to repair, refurbish and rehabilitate RC structures. Their contributions may be broadly categorised as i) Investigations on how specific treatments and materials perform, ii) Investigations on the effectiveness of existing methods of measurements and developing alternatives, iii) Changes to the existing theory of corrosion initiation and arrest and iv) Changes to management framework strategies. The key findings from each research package can be summarised as follows: Macrocell activity appears to be a consequence rather than a cause of incipient anode formation in repaired concrete structures, as has previously been presented; ICCP has persistent protective effects even after interruption of the protective current; Discrete galvanic anodes installed in the parent concrete surrounding the patch repair are a feasible alternative to galvanic anodes embedded within the patch repairs of RC structures; Silanes may have a residual hydrophobic effect even after 20 years of service.
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Anstice, D. J. "Corrosion inhibitors for the rehabilitation of reinforced concrete." Thesis, Aston University, 2000. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/14159/.

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Four corrosion inhibitors namely sodium nitrite, sodium monofluorophosphate, ethanolamine and an alkanolamine-based mixture were studied by immersing mild steel bars for 42 days in model electrolytes of varied pH and chloride concentration which were intended to simulate the pore solution phase present within carbonated and/or chloride-contaminated concrete. Site trials were carried out on sodium monofluorophosphate and the alkanolamine-based inhibitor to study their depth of penetration into concrete. The influence of various carbonating atmospheres on the pore solution chemistry and microstructure of hydrated cement paste was investigated. Physical realkalisation of carbonated cement paste and a calcium nitrite-based corrosion rehabilitation system for chloride-contaminated cement paste were investigated by monitoring ionic transport within the pore solution phase of laboratory specimens. The main findings were as follows: 1,Sodium nitrite, sodium monofluorophosphate, ethanolamine and the alkanolamine-based mixture all behaved as passivating anodic inhibitors of steel corrosion in air-saturated aqueous solutions of varied pH and chloride concentration. 2,Sodium monofluorophosphate failed to penetrate significantly into partially carbonated site concrete when applied as recommended by the supplier. Phosphate and fluoride penetrated 5mm into partially carbonated site concrete treated with sodium monofluorophosphate. 3,The ethanolamine component of the alkanolamine-based inhibitor was found to have penetrated significant depths into partially carbonated site concrete. 4,Carbonating hydrated cement paste over saturated solutions of sodium nitrite resulted in significant concentrations of nitrite in the pore solution of the carbonated paste. Saturated solutions of sodium chloride, ammonium nitrate, magnesium nitrate and sodium dichromate were investigated and identified as alternatives for controlling the relative humidity of the carbonating environment. 5,Hardened carbonated cement paste can by physically realkalised to a limited extent due to the diffusion of hydroxyl ions under saturated conditions. A substantial proportion of the hydroxyl ions that diffused into the carbonated cement paste however, became bound into the cement matrix. Hydroxyl ion concentrations remained below 5mmol/l within the pore solution of the realkalised cement paste. 6, Nitrite ions penetrated significant distances by diffusion within the pore solution of saturated uncarbonated hydrated cement paste.
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Milman, Ioulia. "CFRP wraps for corrosion repair of reinforced concrete columns and corrosion monitoring." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ58671.pdf.

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Books on the topic "Reinforced concrete – Corrosion"

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Hans, Böhni, ed. Corrosion in reinforced concrete structures. Cambridge: Woodhead Publishing, 2005.

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W, Gibson Frances, ed. Corrosion, concrete, and chlorides: Steel corrosion in concrete : causes and restraints. Detroit (P.O. Box 19150, Redford Station, Detroit 48219): American Concrete Institute, 1987.

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Wrzesinski, W. R. Permeability and corrosion resistance of reinforced sulfur concrete. Pittsburgh, Pa: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, 1988.

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International Symposium on Corrosion of Reinforcement in Concrete Construction (3rd 1990 Wishaw, England). Corrosion of reinforcement in concrete. London: Published for the Society of Chemical Industry by Elsevier Applied Science, 1990.

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Carbonation of reinforced concrete. Dublin: Citis, 1988.

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Saifullah, Mohammad. Effect of reinforced corrosion on bond strength in reinforced concrete. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 1994.

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N, Alekseev S., ed. Durability of reinforced concrete in aggressive media. Rotterdam: A.A. Balkema, 1993.

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Manning, David C. Reflections on steel corrosion in concrete. Downsview, Ont: Research and Development Branch, Ontario Ministry of Transportation, 1991.

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9

Song, Myun. Wireless Corrosion Monitoring for Reinforced Concrete Structures and Concrete Repair. [New York, N.Y.?]: [publisher not identified], 2012.

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Aachen, Germany) EUROCORR (1999. Corrosion of reinforcement in concrete: Corrosion mechanisms and corrosion protection ; papers from EUROCORR '99. London: IOM Communications, 2000.

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Book chapters on the topic "Reinforced concrete – Corrosion"

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El-Reedy, Mohamed Abdallah. "Corrosion of Steel in Concrete." In Steel-Reinforced Concrete Structures, 5–14. 3rd ed. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003407058-2.

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El-Reedy, Mohamed Abdallah. "Controlling Corrosion in Steel Bars." In Steel-Reinforced Concrete Structures, 109–27. 3rd ed. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003407058-6.

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El-Reedy, Mohamed Abdallah. "Causes of Corrosion and Concrete Deterioration." In Steel-Reinforced Concrete Structures, 15–34. 3rd ed. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003407058-3.

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Chess, Paul M. "The Corrosion Process in Reinforced Concrete." In Cathodic Protection for Reinforced Concrete Structures, 1–16. Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, a CRC title, part of the: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351045834-1.

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Fahy, Caroline, Peter Grassl, and Domenico Gallipoli. "Corrosion Induced Cracking of Reinforced Concrete." In Durability of Reinforced Concrete from Composition to Protection, 77–86. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09921-7_8.

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Chess, Paul. "Concrete and steel composition." In Electrochemical Processes and Corrosion in Reinforced Concrete, 11–19. London: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003348979-2.

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Chen, Zhipei, Dessi A. Koleva, and Klaas van Breugel. "Electrochemical Tests in Reinforced Mortar Undergoing Stray Current-Induced Corrosion." In Concrete Durability, 83–108. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55463-1_5.

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Green, Warren, and Paul Chess. "The Corrosion Process in Reinforced Concrete: The State of the Art." In Durability of Reinforced Concrete Structures, 17–31. First edition. | Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group, [2020]: CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429298189-2.

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Chess, Paul. "Electrochemistry reality of steel in concrete." In Electrochemical Processes and Corrosion in Reinforced Concrete, 59–68. London: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003348979-7.

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Green, Warren, and Paul Chess. "Monitoring Corrosion and Why Most of the Current NDT Techniques Are Flawed." In Durability of Reinforced Concrete Structures, 33–45. First edition. | Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group, [2020]: CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429298189-3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Reinforced concrete – Corrosion"

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"Influence of Chlorides in Reinforced Concrete." In "SP-102: Corrosion, Concrete, & Chlorides". American Concrete Institute, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.14359/1639.

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Sheikh, Shamim Ahmed, and Zahra Kharal. "Corrosion-resistant Reinforced Concrete Columns." In IABSE Conference, Kuala Lumpur 2018: Engineering the Developing World. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/kualalumpur.2018.0946.

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<p>To address this issue of corrosion of steel in reinforced concrete, large scale columns reinforced with glass fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars were tested under simulated earthquake loads. In addition to the moment - curvature and shear - deflection responses, ductility factors, and work and energy dissipation parameters were used to evaluate column performance. Twenty-five columns with circular and square sections can be compared to investigate variables such as axial load level, amount and type of reinforcement, i.e. GFRP vs steel. GFRP-reinforced columns were found to behave with stable post-peak response and achieved high levels of deformability and energy dissipation. The optimum solution with respect to column strength, stiffness, ductility and energy dissipation, and corrosion resistance appears to be a hybrid column with steel longitudinal bars and GFRP transverse reinforcement.</p>
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"Corrosion Inhibitors for Reinforced Concrete." In SP-234: Seventh CANMET/ACI International Conference on Durability of Concrete. American Concrete Institute, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.14359/15928.

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"Cathodic Protection (corrosion control) of Reinforced Concrete Structures Using Conductive Coatings." In "SP-102: Corrosion, Concrete, & Chlorides". American Concrete Institute, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.14359/1638.

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Nagi, Mohamad. "Corrosion Evaluation of Reinforced Concrete Bridges." In Structures Congress 2005. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40753(171)16.

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Thoft-Christensen, Palle. "Corrosion and Cracking of Reinforced Concrete." In Third IABMAS Workshop on Life-Cycle Cost Analysis and Design of Civil Infrastructures Systems. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40707(240)4.

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Kung, Peter, and Maria I. Comanici. "Monitoring corrosion in reinforced concrete structures." In SPIE Sensing Technology + Applications, edited by Debbie G. Senesky and Sachin Dekate. SPIE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2048828.

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Plugin, Andrii, Olga Borziak, Sergii Miroshnichenko, Oksana Krykun, and Vladyslava Zinchenko. "Effect of internal concrete corrosion on reinforced-concrete sleepers." In 13TH INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE ON AERONAUTICS, AUTOMOTIVE AND RAILWAY ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGIES (BulTrans-2021). AIP Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0104860.

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Ongpeng, Jason, Cheryl Roxas, Iona Rubinos, Andrew Escleto, Sherie Tan, Erica Bolivar, Martin Kalaw, and Michael Promentilla. "Reinforced alkali-activated concrete with induced corrosion." In Fifth International Conference on Sustainable Construction Materials and Technologies. Coventry University and The University of Wisconsin Milwaukee Centre for By-products Utilization, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18552/2019/idscmt5124.

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"Reinforced Concrete: Correlation Between Cracking and Corrosion." In "SP-126: Durability of Concrete: Second International Conference, Montreal, Canada 1991". American Concrete Institute, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.14359/2529.

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Reports on the topic "Reinforced concrete – Corrosion"

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Weiss, Charles, William McGinley, Bradford Songer, Madeline Kuchinski, and Frank Kuchinski. Performance of active porcelain enamel coated fibers for fiber-reinforced concrete : the performance of active porcelain enamel coatings for fiber-reinforced concrete and fiber tests at the University of Louisville. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/40683.

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A patented active porcelain enamel coating improves both the bond between the concrete and steel reinforcement as well as its corrosion resistance. A Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) program to develop a commercial method for production of porcelain-coated fibers was developed in 2015. Market potential of this technology with its steel/concrete bond improvements and corrosion protection suggests that it can compete with other fiber reinforcing systems, with improvements in performance, durability, and cost, especially as compared to smooth fibers incorporated into concrete slabs and beams. Preliminary testing in a Phase 1 SBIR investigation indicated that active ceramic coatings on small diameter wire significantly improved the bond between the wires and the concrete to the point that the wires achieved yield before pullout without affecting the strength of the wire. As part of an SBIR Phase 2 effort, the University of Louisville under contract for Ceramics, Composites and Coatings Inc., proposed an investigation to evaluate active enamel-coated steel fibers in typical concrete applications and in masonry grouts in both tension and compression. Evaluation of the effect of the incorporation of coated fibers into Ultra-High Performance Concrete (UHPC) was examined using flexural and compressive strength testing as well as through nanoindentation.
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Liu, Rongtang, and J. Olek. Development and Evaluation of Cement-Based Materials for Repair of Corrosion-Damaged Reinforced Concrete Slabs. West Lafayette, IN: Purdue University, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284313177.

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Samples, Lisa, and J. Ramirez. Methods of Corrosion Protection and Durability of Concrete Bridge Decks Reinforced with Epoxy-Coated Bars - Phase I. West Lafayette, IN: Purdue University, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284313268.

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Gombeda, Matthew, Estevan Rivera, and Zoe Lallas. Optimal Approach for Addressing Reinforcement Corrosion for Concrete Bridge Decks in Illinois. Illinois Center for Transportation, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/22-005.

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This report presents the results of a comprehensive literature review focusing on corrosion performance of reinforced concrete bridge decks, with a particular emphasis on the relative performance of alternative corrosion-resistant reinforcement types. Examples of alternative corrosion-protection options examined herein include epoxy-coated, galvanized, stainless-steel, and A1035 bars, considering conventional black reinforcing bars as the standard. Based upon the results of the literature review, a framework for determining the optimal reinforcement option for a bridge deck is presented as a function of the properties of each reinforcement type and other factors, such as design service life, location of the bridge, estimated maintenance/repair cycles, and relative costs. Several examples are also provided to demonstrate the procedure for using the framework and its applicability for different bridge types with varying design considerations, such as a congested urban artery and a rural interstate. The literature review findings and the optimal approach framework were crafted for use by bridge design engineers as preliminary guidance when determining the type of reinforcement for a given bridge deck and its corresponding conditions. Furthermore, the approach can also be used by Illinois Department of Transportation officials when deciding whether to invest in higher performing corrosion-protection systems for a given application or for updating current bridge design policies to reflect the latest developments in alternative corrosion-resistant reinforcement options.
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Andrawes, Bassem, Ernesto Perez Claros, and Zige Zhang. Bond Characteristics and Experimental Behavior of Textured Epoxy-coated Rebars Used in Concrete Bridge Decks. Illinois Center for Transportation, January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/22-001.

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The deterioration of bridge decks is a problem typically associated with the corrosion of the reinforcing steel. This issue was partially controlled during the 1970s with the incorporation of the epoxy-coating protection system. However, research later demonstrated that the smooth surface resulting from the epoxy-coating application reduces most of the friction between the rebar and the surrounding concrete. Consequently, forces acting on the rib faces are reconfigured in such a way that the radial components increase, triggering the early development of cracks. To mitigate both the reduction of bonding and the formation of cracks, the Illinois Department of Transportation proposed a new type of coated bars: textured epoxy-coated (TEC) bars. Over the last few years, different projects have been executed to understand and improve the characteristics of TEC rebars. This report is a continuation of research performed at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign to evaluate the bond behavior of TEC bars. The experimental program starts by characterizing, qualitatively and quantitatively, the roughness of the TEC rebars. Next, their bond-slip interaction embedded in concrete is evaluated through pull-out tests. Finite element models of these tests are developed to validate the behavior observed as the textured reinforcement loses anchorage with concrete. Based on these results, the experimental program then aims to study the impact of the drying shrinkage, temperature change, and flexural demands on two large-scale bridge deck specimens reinforced, individually, with TEC and standard epoxy-coated bars. The results collected from both specimens using digital image correlation and strain gauges are compared to explore the differences exhibited by the traditional and the new type of reinforcement coatings in terms of stress distribution in bridge decks. Finally, given the specialized equipment and time-consuming procedure needed to calculate the roughness parameters of TEC bars, an empirical, weight-based approach is developed as a rapid method for assessing the rebars’ roughness on-site.
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Corrosion Inhibitors for Reinforced Concrete. Purdue University, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284315754.

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