Journal articles: 'Reichle'

1

Siegel-Causey, Ellin, and Pat Mirenda. "Responses to Reichle." Journal of Special Education 31, no. 1 (April 1997): 135–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002246699703100111.

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Laub, Brenda S., and Donna Burgess. "Function Bypassing Intent: A Response to Doss and Reichle." Journal of the Association for Persons with Severe Handicaps 15, no. 1 (March 1990): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154079699001500106.

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Findlay, John M., and Sarah J. White. "Serial programming for saccades: Does it all add up?" Behavioral and Brain Sciences 26, no. 4 (August 2003): 483–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x03290105.

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This commentary analyses the quantitative parameters of Reichle et al.'s model, using estimates when explicit information is not provided. The analysis highlights certain features that appear to be necessary to make the model work and ends by noting a possible problem concerning the variability associated with oculomotor programming.

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Woltosz, Walt. "Reply to Bruno and Romich, and to Reichle et al." Augmentative and Alternative Communication 5, no. 3 (January 1989): 207–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07434618912331275236.

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Brysbaert, Marc, and Denis Drieghe. "Please stop using word frequency data that are likely to be word length effects in disguise." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 26, no. 4 (August 2003): 479. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x03240103.

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Reichle et al. claim to successfully simulate a frequency effect of 60% on skipping rate in human data, whereas the original article reports an effect of only 4%. We suspect that the deviation is attributable to the length of the words in the different conditions, which implies that E-Z Reader is wrong in its conception of eye guidance between words.

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Perea, Manuel, and Manuel Carreiras. "Regressions and eye movements: Where and when." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 26, no. 4 (August 2003): 497. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x03420104.

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Reichle et al. argue that the mechanism that determines where to fixate the eyes is controlled mostly by low-level processes. Therefore, unlike other competing models (e.g., the SWIFT model), the E-Z Reader model cannot account for “global” regressions as a result of linguistic difficulties. We argue that the model needs to be extended to account for regressive saccades.

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Kennedy, Alan, and Joël Pynte. "Non-canonical reading: Reply to Rayner, Pollatsek, Liversedge and Reichle (2008)." Vision Research 49, no. 14 (July 2009): 1916–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.visres.2008.12.013.

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Fischer, Burkhart. "Frontal lobe functions in reading: Evidence from dyslexic children performing nonreading saccade tasks." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 26, no. 4 (August 2003): 484–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x0330010x.

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Reichle et al. show that saccades in reading are controlled by linguistic processing. The authors' Figure 13 shows the parietal and frontal eye fields as parts of a neural implementation. This commentary presents data from dyslexics performing nonreading saccade tasks. The dyslexics exhibit deficits in antisaccade control. Improvement of the deficits is achieved in 85% of the cases and results in advantages in learning how to read.

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Wootton, Jacqueline C. "Interview With Franz Reichle, Director of the Film "The Knowledge of Healing"." Alternative and Complementary Therapies 4, no. 3 (June 1998): 206–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/act.1998.4.206.

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Fox, Richard. "Violence and Serenity: Late Buddhist Sculpture from Indonesia â By Natasha Reichle." Religious Studies Review 35, no. 4 (December 2009): 311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-0922.2009.01393_8.x.

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Menegon, Eugenio. "China at the Center: Ricci and Verbiest World Maps, edited by Natasha Reichle." Journal of Jesuit Studies 3, no. 3 (June 8, 2016): 520–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22141332-00303008-11.

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Day, John. "China at the Center: Ricci and Verbiest World Maps. Edited by Natasha Reichle." Imago Mundi 69, no. 1 (November 21, 2016): 127–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03085694.2016.1242859.

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CARAMASCHI, ULISSES, and CLARISSA CANEDO. "Reassessment of the taxonomic status of the genera Ischnocnema Reinhardt and Lütken, 1862 and Oreobates Jiménez-de-la-Espada, 1872, with notes on the synonymy of Leiuperus verrucosus Reinhardt and Lütken, 1862 (Anura: Leptodactylidae)." Zootaxa 1116, no. 1 (January 27, 2006): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1116.1.3.

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The taxonomic status of two leptodactylid frog genera is reevaluated. Ischnocnema Reinhardt and Lütken, 1862 is considered a junior synonym of Eleutherodactylus Duméril and Bibron, and the combination E. verrucosus (Reinhardt and Lütken, 1862) is proposed. Oreobates Jiménez-de-la-Espada, 1872 is revalidated, and the combinations Oreobates quixensis Jiménez-de-la-Espada, 1872, O. simmonsi (Lynch, 1974), O. saxatilis (Duellman, 1990), O. sanctaecrucis (Harvey and Keck, 1995), and O. sanderi (Padial, Reichle and De la Riva, 2005) are proposed. Epsophus verrucosus Miranda-Ribeiro, 1937 is synonymized with Eleutherodactylus verrucosus (Reinhardt and Lütken, 1862).

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Pollatsek, Alexander, and Keith Rayner. "Is covert attention really unnecessary?" Behavioral and Brain Sciences 22, no. 4 (August 1999): 695–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x99442153.

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We are largely in agreement with the Findlay & Walker model. However, they appear to dismiss the role of covert spatial attention in tasks in which people are free to move their eyes. We argue that an account of the facts about the perceptual span in reading requires a window of attention not centered around the fovea. Moreover, a computational model of reading that we (Reichle et al. 1998) developed gives a good account of eye movement control in reading and would be unable to do so without relying heavily on covert attention.

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McConkie, George W., and Shun-Nan Yang. "Basic assumptions concerning eye-movement control during reading." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 26, no. 4 (August 2003): 493–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x03380100.

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Reichle et al. specify two assumptions as being basic to E-Z Reader: Words are sequentially attended during fixations, and saccades are triggered by a cognitive event. We point out that there is little evidence for the first assumption and counterevidence for the second. Also, the labile/nonlabile stage distinction in saccade preparation seems to be contrary to current evidence. An alternative explanation of saccade onset times in reading assumes that saccades are strategically generated, independent of language processing, but are delayed on a probabilistic basis by processing difficulties.

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Amorim, Gabriel Brito. "Designing Indicators for a Placement Test: Drawbacks and Affordances." Frontiers of Contemporary Education 2, no. 2 (December 29, 2021): p67. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/fce.v2n2p67.

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One of the greatest challenges when it comes to assessment is the lack of clarity in the objectives or, to make it worse, the absence of objectives whatsoever for what results the curriculum, course, or the test instrument wishes to achieve. According to Raupp and Reichle (2003), this kind of information usually exists as expectations pushing the examiner to transform expectations, general goals or poorly stated objectives into measurable objectives. Raupp and Reichle (2003) emphasize that very precise indicators need to be written or selected to measure whether or not the course/curriculum objectives proposed were achieved. However, this job becomes rather challenging when objectives are not clearly stated or are too vague. Indicators, then, ideally, resonate curricular goals, teaching methodologies, and testing. If one of these components is not well calibrated or is dissonant with the others, the whole assessment process is jeopardized (CEFRL, 2007). Indicators for placement testing, then, need to be carefully written or selected so that they can reflect an intended proficiency level as well as the school’s curricular goals, teaching methodologies, and testing procedures (Brown, 2004; Richards, 2009). At the Federal University of Espírito Santo’s Language Center (CL), the discontentment of instructors and coordination staff with the lack of reliability, validity and practicality with the CL’s placement test motivated debates and work on the refinement of the indicators used for the referred exam. Through a literature review and with a practical example from a language center in Brazil, this paper addresses how teachers/practitioners can make informed decisions to write or select their own indicators for placement testing and, therefore, monitor the progress of their students and/or the success or pitfalls of their classes/programs/curricula and plan for possible welcome changes.

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Nelson, Jessica R., Michal Balass, and Charles A. Perfetti. "Differences between written and spoken input in learning new words." Written Language and Literacy 8, no. 2 (December 31, 2005): 25–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/wll.8.2.04nel.

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We taught adult learners the meanings of rare words to test hypotheses about modality effects in learning word forms. These hypotheses are that (1) written (orthographic) training leads to a better representation of word form than phonological training, that (2) recognition memory for a word is partly dependent upon congruence between training and testing modality (written vs. spoken) but that (3) skilled learners are less dependent on the episodic context of training than are less skilled readers. These hypotheses were confirmed by results of a word recognition test following form-meaning training. We discuss these results in terms of an episodic account of word learning (Reichle & Perfetti, 2003) and variations in lexical quality (Perfetti & Hart, 2001) that can arise through differences in code generation during learning.

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Inhoff, Albrecht W., Ralph Radach, and Brianna Eiter. "Temporal overlap in the linguistic processing of successive words in reading: Reply to Pollatsek, Reichle, and Rayner (2006a)." Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 32, no. 6 (2006): 1490–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0096-1523.32.6.1490.

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Reichle, Erik D., Keith Rayner, and Alexander Pollatsek. "The E-Z Reader model of eye-movement control in reading: Comparisons to other models." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 26, no. 4 (August 2003): 445–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x03000104.

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The E-Z Reader model (Reichle et al. 1998; 1999) provides a theoretical framework for understanding how word identification, visual processing, attention, and oculomotor control jointly determine when and where the eyes move during reading. In this article, we first review what is known about eye movements during reading. Then we provide an updated version of the model (E-Z Reader 7) and describe how it accounts for basic findings about eye movement control in reading. We then review several alternative models of eye movement control in reading, discussing both their core assumptions and their theoretical scope. On the basis of this discussion, we conclude that E-Z Reader provides the most comprehensive account of eye movement control during reading. Finally, we provide a brief overview of what is known about the neural systems that support the various components of reading, and suggest how the cognitive constructs of our model might map onto this neural architecture.

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VON MAY, RUDOLF, MARGARITA MEDINA–MÜLLER, MAUREEN A. DONNELLY, and Kyle Summers. "The tadpole of the bamboobreeding poison frog Ranitomeya biolat (Anura: Dendrobatidae)." Zootaxa 1857, no. 1 (August 27, 2008): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1857.1.6.

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Ranitomeya biolat occurs in the lowland rainforest of southern Peru and northwestern Bolivia and uses bamboo internodes as a retreat and reproduction site (Morales 1992; Maldonado & Reichle 2007). Unlike other members of the vanzolinii group, which exhibit biparental care of tadpoles (Summers & McKeon 2004), we have observed that R. biolat exhibits male–only parental care and that tadpoles are transported individually and deposited in water–filled bamboo internodes (Medina–Müller 2006; R. von May, unpublished data). After more than 12 months of sampling, we never observed individuals providing trophic eggs to tadpoles or observed oophagy as clutches were laid 3.5 ± 1.5 cm above the water (n = 55); hence, tadpole oophagy may not be an important food resource as previously suspected (Waldram 2008). Though basic information on its breeding biology has been published (Waldram 2008), its tadpole remains undescribed. With the purpose of filling this gap, we here describe the tadpole of R. biolat.

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Kennedy, Alan, and Joël Pynte. "Reprint of “Non-canonical reading: Reply to Rayner, Pollatsek, Liversedge and Reichle” [Vision Research 49/14 (2008) 1916–1918]." Vision Research 49, no. 17 (August 2009): 2237–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0042-6989(09)00341-1.

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Kliegl, Reinhold. "Toward a perceptual-span theory of distributed processing in reading: A reply to Rayner, Pollatsek, Drieghe, Slattery, and Reichle (2007)." Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 136, no. 3 (2007): 530–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.136.3.530.

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Fissel, Schea N., Pamela R. Mitchell, and Robin L. Alvares. "An Adapted Assessment Model for Emergent Literacy Conducted via Telepractice." Perspectives on Telepractice 5, no. 2 (September 2015): 48–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/tele5.2.48.

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Children with complex communication needs (CCN) exhibit multiple needs in a variety of domains, including language, literacy, and speech. Children with CCN often require augmentative/alternative communication (AAC), a mode of communication designed to compensate for the communication and related disability patterns of individuals with CCN (Light, Beukelman, & Reichle, 2003). Given the diverse needs of this population, service provision presents challenges to teachers and therapists alike. Telepractice service provision offers solutions to guide service delivery for children with CCN, who may be located in remote settings with limited access to AAC specialists. The tele-AAC working group of the International Society on Augmentative and Alternative Communication (ISAAC) 2012 Research Symposium highlighted a need for increased information on telepractice service delivery for children with CCN in the area of literacy. To date, evidence-based practices for assessment of literacy skills in children with CCN are limited. In addition, literacy assessment for children with CCN via telepractice presents challenges requiring adaptation for telepractice service delivery. This paper summarizes existing literature examining literacy assessment and intervention, and applies these principles to development and implementation of adapted literacy assessment methods conducted via telepractice for a child with CCN.

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Cho, Jeong-IL. "AAC Strategies for Individuals with Moderate to Severe Disabilities by S. S. Johnston, C. Reichle, K. M. Feeley, and E. A. Jones." Education and Treatment of Children 37, no. 1 (2014): 168–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/etc.2014.0004.

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Stuber, Regina. "Die Bewahrung der Westfälischen Friedensordnung als Argument gegen die Forderung Zar Peters I. nach einer Reichsstandschaft für Livland." Historische Zeitschrift 314, no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 1–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hzhz-2022-0001.

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Zusammenfassung Die Wahrung der politischen Ordnung des Heiligen Römischen Reiches, wie sie durch den Westfälischen Frieden festgelegt wurde, benutzte auch Zar Peter I. als politisches Argument nach der kriegsentscheidenden Schlacht bei Poltava (1709) während des Großen Nordischen Krieges. Die erstarkte militärische Position erlaubte es, politische Interessen zu postulieren, die eine europäische Konzeption einer künftigen Friedensordnung beinhalteten. Sah sich Peter I. nach Poltava in der Situation, die Position Schwedens als Garant für den Status quo des Heiligen Römische Reiches zu übernehmen, so war 1712 nach der Eroberung der schwedischen Ostseeprovinzen nicht die Bewahrung des Status quo das Ziel, sondern er erhob gegenüber dem kaiserlichen Hof die Forderung nach einer Neuordnung des Heiligen Römischen Reiches unter seiner Ägide. In diesem Kontext wurde der Plan verfolgt, eine russische Reichsstandschaft für Livland zu etablieren. Partielle Unterstützung erhielt das Vorhaben durch Vertreter des Deutschen Ordens, die sich dadurch eine Rekuperation Livlands in das Heilige Römische Reich erhofften. Diese diplomatischen Initiativen wurden von den kaiserlichen Beratern kategorisch zurückgewiesen. Aus ihrer Sicht wäre mit einer Anerkennung einer russischen Reichsstandschaft ein potentieller Auflösungsprozess der politischen Ordnung des Heiligen Römischen Reichs verbunden, der zu einer qualitativen Schwächung der Stellung des Kaisers innerhalb des Heiligen Römischen Reiches führen würde. Der Nachlass des russischen Gesandten Johann Christoph von Urbich, von der Forschung bisher kaum berücksichtigt, stellt die wesentliche Grundlage für die Untersuchung dar.

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Bauer, Roland. "Die historische entwicklung der mehrsprachigkeit im Aostatal aus sprachsoziologischer sicht: eine diachrone Rückschau samt Ausblick ins 21. Jahrhundert." Linguistica 37, no. 1 (December 1, 1997): 3–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/linguistica.37.1.3-25.

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Die seit 1948 autonome Region Aostatal liegt bekanntlich am Fuße der höchsten Alpengipfel im Grenzgebiet zwischen Südostfrankreich, der Westschweiz und Nordwestitalien. In vorrömischer Zeit war das Tai von den Salassern besiedelt, die erst nach mehr als einem Jahrhundert kriegerischer Auseinandersetzungen im Jahr 25 v.C. von den Römern unterworfen werden konnten. Nach dem Untergang des weströmischen Reichs (476 n.C.) übernahmen, nach kurzen Interregnien der Burgunder, der Ostgoten und der Byzantiner, die Langobarden das Ruder in der Region. 575 wurde das Aostatal ins franko-burgundische Reich eingegliedert, womit auch die sprachliche Orientierung zur Galloromania erstmals definitiv gegeben war. Nach knapp drei Jahrhunderten Zugehörigkeit zum Frankenreich fiel das Gebiet an das Königreich Hochburgund, welches 1032 mit dem Deutschen Reich unter Konrad II. vereinigt wurde. Ab diesem Zeitpunkt übernahmen die Savoyer die alten burgundischen Besitztümer im Aostatal. Ihre Herrschaft über die Region, im Rahmen derer den Valdostanern erstmals 1191 Sonderprivilegien eingeräumt wurden, sollte schließlich bis ins 19. Jahrhundert, genauer gesagt bis zur Einigung Italiens reichen.

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Reingold, Eyal M., and Heather Sheridan. "On using distributional analysis techniques for determining the onset of the influence of experimental variables." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 71, no. 1 (January 2018): 260–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2017.1310262.

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Much of the investigation of eye movement control in visual cognition has focused on the influence of experimental variables on mean fixation durations. In this article, we explored the convergence between two distributional analysis techniques that were recently introduced in this domain. First, Staub, White, Drieghe, Hollway and Rayner, proposed fitting the ex-Gaussian distribution to individual participants’ data in order to ascertain whether a variable has a rapid or a slow influence on fixation durations. Second, the divergence point analysis (DPA) procedure was introduced by Reingold, Reichle, Glaholt and Sheridan in order to determine more precisely the earliest discernible impact of a variable on the distribution of fixation durations by contrasting survival curves across two experimental conditions and determining the point at which the two curves begin to diverge. In this article, we introduced a new version of the DPA procedure which is based on ex-Gaussian fitting. We evaluated this procedure by re-analyzing data obtained in previous empirical investigations as well as by conducting a simulation study. We demonstrated that the new ex-Gaussian DPA technique produced estimates that were consistent with estimates produced by prior versions of DPA procedure, and in the present simulation, the ex-Gaussian DPA procedure produced somewhat more accurate individual participant divergence point estimates. Based on the present findings, we also suggest guidelines for best practices in the use of DPA techniques.

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Smithers, Don L. "Gottfried Reiches Ansehen und sein Einfluß auf die Musik Johann Sebastian Bachs." Bach-Jahrbuch 73 (May 9, 2018): 113–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.13141/bjb.v19872563.

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Die hohen Anforderungen, die Bachs Werke aus seinem ersten Leipziger Jahrzehnt an die Blasinstrumente, insbesondere an die erste Posaune, stellen, erklären sich daraus, dass Gottfried Reiche bis 1734 an der Spitze der Leipziger Stadtmusikanten stand. Reiche muss über außergewöhnliche technische Fähigkeiten verfügen, nicht nur in der Beherrschung des hohen Clarinregisters, sondern auch in der Fähigkeit, Noten außerhalb der Naturtonleiter zu spielen. (Übertragung des englischen Resümees am Ende des Bandes) Vergleiche auch: Arnold Schering: Zu Gottfried Reiches Leben und Kunst. BJ 1918, S. 133-140

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Acri, Andrea. "Natasha Reichle (ed), Bali: Art, ritual, performance. San Francisco: The Asian Art Museum, 2010, 376 pp. ISBN 9780939117550 (hardback); 9780939117567 (paperback). Price: USD 35 (paperback)." Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde 169, no. 2-3 (2013): 394–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134379-12340038.

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Antonic, Thomas. "Genius and Genitality: William S. Burroughs Reading Wilhelm Reich." Humanities 8, no. 2 (May 21, 2019): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/h8020101.

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This article explores the impact of Wilhelm Reich’s theories and writings on the works and thinking of William S. Burroughs. Reich’s significance for Burroughs’ fiction is beyond doubt, as the appearance of Reich’s discoveries and inventions, such as orgones and orgone accumulators, in Burroughs’ major works demonstrates. Yet to date, no attempt has been made in academia to make all those references to Reich in Burroughs’ complete œuvre visible. In order to make the thinking of the Austrian-American psychoanalyst and scientist comprehensible for readers not familiar with Reich, the first section will provide a brief biographical outline. In the subsequent sections, the article will describe how Burroughs and other Beat writers discovered Reich, how and to what extent Burroughs incorporated Reich in his texts throughout his career and what opinions Burroughs expressed about Reich in interviews and letters. For the first time, with a summary as undertaken in this article and by documenting most of the references to Reich in Burroughs’ work, the importance of the former to the latter is revealed in a compact form.

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Brand, Jürgen. "Die Idee des Reiches seit 1806 oder: Ein deutscher Wiedergänger zwischen Traum und Trauma." Der Staat: Volume 58, Issue 1 58, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 101–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3790/staa.58.1.101.

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Auch nach der Niederlegung der Kaiserkrone durch Franz II. im August 1806 blieben die Erinnerung an das Alte Reich und das Bestreben einer zeitgemäßen Erneuerung im allgemeinen Bewußtsein lebendig. Hinzu kam in den Kriegen gegen Napoleon eine nahezu religiöse Überhöhung der Reichsidee, diesmal allerdings mit wachsenden nationalen Untertönen, die dem Alten Reich weitgehend fremd gewesen waren. Auch die Wiedererrichtung eines neuen Reiches im Jahre 1871 zeigte eine Akzentuierung, die sich zunehmend zu einem Albtraum der Nachbarstaaten auswuchs, um dann mit dem verbrecherischen Staatsungeheuer des „Dritten Reiches“ einen absoluten Gegensatz zu dem untergegangenen Alten Reich zu bilden. Es war F. D. Roosevelt, der die Bekämpfung des eigentümlichen Bedeutungsgehalts, der sich gleichwohl mit dem Wort „Reich“ erhalten hatte, zu einem persönlichen Anliegen machte. Die Idee des Reiches, wie auch die Verwendung von Wort und Begriff, wurden nach 1945 zunehmend tabuisiert und überlebten allenfalls in sektenähnlichen Gemeinschaften.

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Coleman, David C. "The Changing Carbon Cycle: A Gbal Analysis. Selected Papers from a Symposium Held October 31-November 2, 1983, in Knoxville, Tennessee.John R. Trabalka , David E. Reichle." Quarterly Review of Biology 63, no. 1 (March 1988): 108–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/415796.

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Xu, Jonathan, Rachel Gotlieb, Shannon McNall, and Octavia Devon. "Think Inside the Box: Wilhelm Reich’s Theories on Orgasm and the Orgone." International Journal of Urologic History 2, no. 2 (January 5, 2023): 60–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.53101/ijuh.2.2.01052305.

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Objectives As the originator of the term “sexual revolution”, Wilhelm Reich – an Austrian physician, psychoanalyst, political activist and author – was a significant, albeit controversial, contributor to his field. Throughout his career he extensively studied the human orgasm and developed the theory of “orgone energy” as a driving force present in animate and inanimate beings. While Reich’s theories are now largely seen as pseudoscientific, his views on sex and orgasmic energy have had an enduring impact in popular culture and society. Methods We analyzed primary material including journal entries and personal accounts obtained from the Wilhelm Reich Museum (Rangeley, Maine). We reviewed published secondary sources on Reich, news articles, and biographies obtained through on-line public resources as cited. Results Following a tumultuous childhood, Reich attended medical school in Vienna and started his early career under the tutelage of Sigmund Freud. Freud’s influence was instrumental in the development of Reich’s theories on character analysis and orgastic potency and his ideas were some of the first linking mental and sexual health. Reich also notably combined his interests in politics and sexual health and created “Sex-Pol” clinics, clinics that provided both sexual and Marxist education along with contraceptives, to the working class. Prior to WWII, Reich fled Nazi Germany to the United States, where he studied the relationship between sexual health and cosmic energy, a novel concept he termed “orgone”. To harness this energy, Reich invented “orgone accumulators’’ which, among other claims, were thought to improve physical and mental health. Ultimately, Reich’s notoriety garnered him attention from the American government, which led to the censorship of his works and ideas and eventual downfall and imprisonment. Conclusions Although Reich’s theories were largely discredited later in his life, he was a pioneer in advocating for a deeper curiosity of sexual health and its personal and societal consequences, which continue to impact society today.

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Stephenson, Jennifer. "Communicative Alternatives to Challenging Behavior: Integrating Functional Assessment and Intervention Strategies J. Reichle, and D.P. Wacker, (Eds.). Paul H. Brookes, Baltimore: 1993 Hard Covers, 457 pp. Price:." Australasian Journal of Special Education 18, no. 2 (1994): 58–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s103001120002323x.

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Chávez, Germán, Diego Vásquez, and Lourdes Y. Echevarría. "Amphibia, Anura, Bufonidae, Rhinella manu Chaparro, Pramuk and Gluesenkamp, 2007; Rhinella tacana Padial, Reichle, Mcdiarmid and de la Riva, 2006: distribution extension and country record from southern Peru." Check List 9, no. 4 (August 1, 2013): 840. http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/9.4.840.

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As a result of several surveys on the montane forests of southern Peru, we provide new distribution data for two arboreal toads (Anura: Bufonidae). An important distribution extension for Rhinella manu, outside of Manu National Park (Cusco department, Peru), location of the type locality, and the first record for Rhinella tacana in Peru, extending the distribution of both species by about 235 and 582 km (airline), respectively, are given herein.

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Долґунсоз, Емраг, and Аріф Сарісобан. "Word Skipping in Reading English as a Foreign Language: Evidence from Eye Tracking." East European Journal of Psycholinguistics 3, no. 2 (December 22, 2016): 22–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.29038/eejpl.2016.3.2.dol.

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During reading, readers never fixate on all words in the text; shorter words sometimes gain zero fixation and skipped by the reader. Relying on E-Z Reader Model, this research hypothesized that a similar skipping effect also exists for a second language. The current study examined word skipping rates in EFL (English as a Foreign Language) with 75 EFL learners by using eye tracking methodology. The results showed that word skipping was affected by EFL reading proficiency significantly and articles (a, an, the) were skipped more than content words. Furthermore, more skilled learners were observed to have less fixation count and skipped more words during reading while less skilled learners employed more fixations and skipped less words. Eye tracking as a novel method to observe learner development and progress in EFL reading was also discussed. References Altarriba, J., Kroll, J. F., Sholl, A.. & Rayner, K. (1996). The influence of lexical andconceptual constraints on reading mixed-language sentences: Evidence from eye fixations andnaming times. Memory & Cognition, 24, 477–492. Balota, D. A., Pollatsek, A., & Rayner, K. (1985). The interaction of contextual constraints andparafoveal visual information in reading. Cognitive Psychology, 17, 364–388. Binder, K. S., Pollatsek, A., & Rayner, K. (1999). Extraction of information to the left of thefixated word in reading. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception andPerformance, 25, 1162–1172. Brysbaert, M., & Vitu, F. (1998). Word Skipping: Implications for Theories of Eye MovementControl in Reading. In: Eye Guidance in Reading and Scene Perception. (pp. 125–147).G. Underwood, (Ed.). Oxford: Elsevier. Carpenter, P. A., & Just, M. A. (1983). What your eyes do while your mind is reading. In: EyeMovements in Reading: Perceptual and Language processes , (pp. 275–307), K. Rayner (ed.).New York: Academic Press. Djamasbi, S., Siegel, M., Skorinko, J., & Tullis, T. (2011). Online viewing and aestheticpreferences of generation y and the baby boom generation: Testing user web site experiencethrough eye tracking. International Journal of Electronic Commerce, 15(4), 121–158. Dolgunsöz, E. (2015). Measuring Attention in Second Language Reading Using Eye-tracking:The Case of the Noticing Hypothesis. Journal of Eye Movement Research, 8(5). Drieghe, D., Brysbaert, M., Desmet, T., & De Baecke, C. (2004). Word skipping in reading: Onthe interplay of linguistic and visual factors. European Journal of Cognitive Psychology,16(1–2), 79–103. Godfroid, A., Boers, F., & Housen, A. (2013). An eye for words: Gauging the role of attentionin incidental L2 vocabulary acquisition by means of eye-tracking. Studies in Second languageAcquisition, 35(3), 483–517. Henderson, J. M., & Ferreira, F. (1993). Eye movement control during reading: Fixationmeasures reflect foveal but not parafoveal processing difficulty. Canadian Journal ofExperimental Psychology, 47, 201–221. Joe, A. (1995). Text based tasks and incidental vocabulary learning. Foreign languageResearch, 11(2), 95–111. Just, M. A., & Carpenter, P. (1980). A theory of reading: From eye fixations tocomprehension. Psychological Review, 85, 109–130. Liu, P. L. (2014). Using eye tracking to understand the responses of learners to vocabularylearning strategy instruction and use. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 27(4), 330–343. McNeill, A. (1996). Vocabulary Knowledge profiles: Evidence from Chinese speaking ESLspeakers. Hong Kong Journal of Applied Linguistics 1(1), 39–63. Pollatsek, A., Reichle, E., & Rayner, K. (2003). Modeling eye movements in reading. In: TheMind’s Eyes: Cognitive and Applied Aspects of Eye Movement Research. (pp. 361–390).J. Hyona, R. Radach, & H. Deubel, (Eds.). Amsterdam: Elsevier. Radach, R., & Kempe, V. (1993). An individual analysis of initial fixation positions inreading. In: Perception and cognition: Advances in eye movement research (pp. 213–226). G.d’Ydewalle & J. Van Rensbergen (Eds.). Amsterdam: North Holland. Rayner, K. (1998). Eye Movements in Reading and Information Processing: 20 Years ofResearch, Psychological Bulletin, 124 (3), 372–422 Rayner, K., & Fischer, M. H. (1996). Mindless reading revisited: eye movements duringreading and scanning are different. Perception & Psychophysics, 58(5), 734–747. Rayner, K., & Well, A. D. (1996). Effects of contextual constraint on eye movements duringreading: a further examination. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 3, 504–509. Rayner, K., Binder, K. S., Ashby, J., & Pollatsek, A. (2001). Eye movement control inreading: word predictability has little influence on initial landing positions in words. VisionResearch, 41(7), 943–954. Rayner, K., Reichle, E. D., & Pollatsek, A. (2005). Eye movement control in reading and theE-Z Reader model. In: Cognitive Processes in Eye Guidance (pp. 131-162). G. Underwood(Ed.),. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Rayner, K., Sereno, S. C., & Raney, G. E. (1996). Eye movement control in reading: acomparison of two types of models. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perceptionand Performance, 22, 1188–1200. Reichle, E., Pollatsek, A., Fisher, D. L., & Rayner, K. (1998). Toward a model of eyemovement control in reading. Psychological Review, 105, 125–157. Scarcella, R. & C. Zimmerman (1998). ESL student performance on a text of academiclexicon. Studies in Second language Acquisition, 20(1), 27–49. Schilling, H. E., Rayner, K., & Chumbley, J. I. (1998). Comparing naming, lexical decision,and eye fixation times: Word frequency effects and individual differences. Memory &Cognition, 26(6), 1270–1281. Schroeder, S., Hyönä, J., & Liversedge, S. P. (2015). Developmental eye-tracking research inreading: Introduction to the special issue. Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 27(5), 500–510. Smith, B. (2012). Eye tracking as a measure of noticing: A study of explicit recasts in SCMC.Language Learning & Technology, 16(3), 53–81. Wesche, M. & T. Paribakht (1996). Assessing vocabulary knowledge: depth vs. breadth.Canadian Modern Language Review, 53(1), 13–40. Winke, P., Gass, S., & Sydorenko, T. (2013). Factors Influencing the Use of Captions byForeign Language Learners: An Eye‐Tracking Study. The Modern Language Journal, 97(1),254–275.

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Bennett, Philip W. "Wilhelm Reich, the FBI and the Norwegian Communist Party: The Consequences of an Unsubstantiated Rumor." Psychoanalysis and History 16, no. 1 (January 2014): 95–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/pah.2014.0141.

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Soon after his arrival in the United States from Oslo, radical psychoanalyst Wilhelm Reich became the subject of intensive inquiry by the Federal Bureau of Investigation. Part of what motivated the FBI's case against Reich was an anonymous claim that he had been a member of the Norwegian Communist Party. The initial investigation led to Reich's arrest and detention for nearly a month after the United States declared war on Germany in December, 1941. Some years later, after Reich became a naturalized citizen of the United States, a more extensive investigation occurred, this time by the Immigration and Naturalization Service. The INS looked to strip Reich of his citizenship, and central to their efforts was the very same anonymous claim about his membership in the Norwegian Communist Party. In this essay, relying upon US government documents, Reich's reported membership is examined and its veracity assessed.

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Maier, Hans. "Hitler und das Reich." Vierteljahrshefte für Zeitgeschichte 67, no. 4 (October 1, 2019): 521–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/vfzg-2019-0037.

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Vorspann Das Reich war seit dem Mittelalter eine zentrale Kategorie deutschen juristischen und politischen Denkens. Vom Heiligen Römischen Reich deutscher Nation über das Kaiserreich bis zum Dritten Reich hat es gleichzeitig die politische wie territoriale Struktur als auch die politischen Hoffnungen der deutschen Lande bestimmt. Trotz seiner Zentralität ist das Konzept des Reichs im Kontext des Nationalsozialismus noch nicht vollständig untersucht worden. Wichtige Fragen über das Verhältnis des Regimes zu diesem politischen Begriff und Modell blieben daher bisher unbeantwortet: Wie sah, zum Beispiel, Hitler das Reich? Welche Rolle spielte es in seinem Denken? Dieser Aufsatz untersucht die Rolle des Konzepts des Reichs im Denken zentraler NS-Akteure wie Hitler selbst sowie Goebbels, Rosenberg und Himmler. Er zeigt, dass, trotz der wohlbekannten Identifikation des Nazismus mit dem Begriff Drittes Reich, Hitler sich tatsächlich vom Reichskonzept distanzierte - besonders vom Heiligen Römischen Reich und seiner christlich-universalistischen Tradition. Sogar Bismarcks Kaiserreich war nicht in dem Maß ein Vorbild für den Nationalsozialismus wie dies manchmal unterbreitet wird. Der Begriff Drittes Reich selbst wurde von Hitler explizit abgelehnt. Mit dem Ende des Nazismus verschwand das Reich endgültig aus der deutschen juristischen Tradition. Es wurde schlicht durch den Begriff Deutschland ersetzt.

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Harle, Rob. "Monte Grande—What Is Life? directed by Franz Reichle; featuring Francisco Varela and H.H. Tenzin Gyatso, XIV Dalai Lama. First Run/Icarus Films, New York, 2004. VHS, 80 mins., col." Leonardo 40, no. 1 (February 2007): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/leon.2007.40.1.103a.

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Bergmann, Joachim. "Die Reichen werden reicher — auch in Deutschland. Die Legende von den moderaten Ungleichheiten." Leviathan 32, no. 2 (June 2004): 185–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11578-004-0014-8.

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Cowan, Robert. "Reich And Wittgenstein: Notes towards a synthesis." Tempo, no. 157 (June 1986): 2–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0040298200022270.

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To try to establish a relationship between the terse linguistic philosophy of Ludwig Wittgenstein and the deceptively simple minimalist music of Steve Reich might at first seem a little ambitious, if not downright misguided. Yet a synoptic survey of the two men's work reveals a series of formal and conceptual correlations that is often quite striking. I hasten to add that my comparisons apply mostly to those of Reich's compositions where melodic and harmonic ideas are ‘phased’ and developed over the ground of a constant pulse, rather than to works such as The Desert Music where poetic texts substantially influence the form and design of Reich's music. I tend to draw more on Wittgenstein's later thought – especially the Philosophical Investigations than on his Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus, although Reich himself has quoted from the latter in discussing his own artistic style.

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Szczęśniak, Dorota. "O „duchowej ojczyźnie” Marcela Reicha-Ranickiego." Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis | Studia Historicolitteraria 22 (December 31, 2022): 129–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.24917/20811853.22.7.

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The aim of this paper is to present a profile of literary critic Marcel Reich-Ranicki (1920–2013), who lived on the borderland of three cultures: Polish, Jewish, and German. The paper attempts to reconstruct the main phases of Reich-Ranicki’s life in Poland, including an analysis of the critic’s interests and opinions about Polish literature, as well as his concept of a ‘spiritual homeland’. The status of M. Reich is studied in relation to the category of the alien commonly encountered in the discourse of the humanities. Reich’s strangeness is presented in three dimensions: space, culture and mentality. The paper also proves that it was the trauma of the Holocaust that had exerted the major impact on Reich-Ranicki’s personal memories and accounts.

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Huang, Aiyun. "La vie qui bat: Steve Reich’s Drumming and Dance Choreography." Circuit 27, no. 2 (August 21, 2017): 27–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1040875ar.

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The music of Steve Reich has been widely written about. In this article I will focus on choreographies set to live performances of Drumming (1971). Drumming is perhaps Reich’s most important early work and a culmination of his various musical explorations and compositional techniques. I have selected three choreographers: Laura Dean, creator of the first choreography set to the music of Drumming (1972); Anne Teresa De Keersmaeker, a choreographer whose works such as Drumming (1998) share Reich’s underlying principle of structures as processes; and Ginette Laurin, whose La vie qui bat (1999) was a joint production between Montreal dance company O Vertigo and the Société de musique contemporaine du Québec (smcq). As this issue celebrates smcq’s 50th anniversary, this article will center on the making and performance practice of La vie qui bat. In preparing this article, the author interviewed Russell Hartenberger (Steve Reich and Musicians), Ginette Laurin, and Walter Boudreau (Artistic Director of the smcq).

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Hirbodian, Sigrid. "Schwäbische Reichsstädte im Spätmittelalter." Zeitschrift für Württembergische Landesgeschichte 77 (June 30, 2018): 11–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.53458/zwlg.v77i.23.

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Die Reichsstädte sind neben den großen Territorien Württemberg, Vorderöster-reich und Kurpfalz die bestimmenden politischen Kräfte in Schwaben über die gesamte Vormoderne hinweg – Kräfte zumal, die in anderen Regionen des Reiches (vom Mittelrhein, dem Elsass und Thüringen vielleicht einmal abgesehen) in dieser Form nicht vorhanden sind. Insofern sind die Reichsstädte in dieser Zahl und Bedeutung tatsächlich etwas Typisches und zugleich Besonderes für unsere Regi-on. Typisch, weil sie in ihrer Ausprägung, aber auch in ihren Zusammenschlüssen Schwaben nach außen hin repräsentierten, besonders, weil eine solch starke Städte-landschaft im spätmittelalterlichen Reich ihresgleichen suchte.

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Reichel, Peter. "Vorwort Reichel." e & i Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik 123, no. 12 (December 2006): 536. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00502-006-0406-3.

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Wlodarski, Amy Lynn. "The Testimonial Aesthetics of Different Trains." Journal of the American Musicological Society 63, no. 1 (2010): 99–141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jams.2010.63.1.99.

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Often praised as an exceptional artistic response to the Holocaust, Steve Reich's Different Trains adopts a documentary approach to Holocaust representation in which Reich assembled short excerpts from three survivor testimonies and published transcriptions of their accounts in his libretto for the work. This article explores the consequences that arise when fragments from very emotional testimonies are recast as purportedly unmediated documentary. The authority attributed to this sort of historical narrative has come under scrutiny in the field of Holocaust studies, in which it is called “secondary witness”—an intellectual interpretation of survivor testimonies advanced without the author revealing his or her own subjective standpoint or scholarly agenda. I argue that Reich's use of the voices of the survivors, Paul, Rachel, and Rachella, constitutes a form of secondary witness. Analysis of the original sources reveals that as Reich worked with extracts from the testimonies, in some cases his composition took on the aesthetics of the original testimonies, yet in other cases, he altered meaning and tone and even misheard certain phrases, producing transcription errors that reframed key moments by substituting his account of the Holocaust for that of the primary witness. Such revelations prompt reevaluation of the moral and political success that has been claimed for Different Trains, since the compositional process could never have been as objective and self-effacing as Reich and his critics suggest.

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PAIGE, KIRSTEN. "On the Politics of Performing Wagner Outdoors: Open-Air Opera, Gesamtkunstwerk and the Third Reich’s ‘Forest Opera’, 1933–45." Journal of the Royal Musical Association 146, no. 1 (February 4, 2021): 147–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/rma.2020.26.

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AbstractThis article explores the politics of performing Wagner outdoors, focusing on the Waldoper in Sopot, Poland, and its operations under the Third Reich. Festival literature suggests that the Reich combined climatic deterministic logic with established open-air theatrical practice to implicate experiencing Wagnerian sounds outdoors as inculcating völkisch character in Poles, positioning the festival within the Reich’s imperial mission. However, this vision from ‘on high’ was undermined by bureaucratic disorganization and inefficiency, much like other Nazi artistic projects. The article concludes with a discussion of the post-war afterlives of the Waldoper and its attendant mythologies.

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Ulberte, Līga. "BERNHARD REICH’S CREATIVE WORK IN LATVIA: 1951–1972." Culture Crossroads 8 (November 13, 2022): 100–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.55877/cc.vol8.166.

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Director and theatre theoretician Bernhard Reich (1894–1972) is one of the most outstanding personalities of the German theatre of the 1920s, who, as a director and co-playwright, has collaborated with Max Reinhardt and particularly with Bertolt Brecht. In 1922, in Berlin, Reich meets Anna Lācis, with whom he leaves for the Soviet Union in 1926 and spends the rest of his life together. Having survived the reprisals of Stalin’s regime, Reich spends the last twenty years of his life in Latvia, where his creative endeavours are manifested in three ways. Firstly, Reich directs two productions in the theatre: H. Ibsen’s “Hedda Gabler” (Valmiera Theatre, 1956) and B. Brecht’s “Mother Courage and Her Children” (the State Philharmonic of the Latvian SSR, 1969). Secondly, during the 1960s and 1970s, Reich publishes reviews of Latvian theatre productions and articles about playwriting abroad in the Latvian periodicals. Thirdly, a number of Latvian museums and archives house Reich’s own correspondence, mostly addressed to Lācis and discussing both professional and private issues.

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Benz, Marion, Corinne Hodel, and Guido Lassau. "Mädchen mit den Perlen." Jahresbericht der Archäologischen Bodenforschung Basel-Stadt 2021 (November 25, 2022): 81–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.12685/jbab.2021.81-115.

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Bei den Bauarbeiten für den Ausbau des Fernwärmenetzes in den Quartieren rund um den Wettsteinplatz kamen mehrere frühmittelalterliche Gräber, darunter ein reich ausgestattetes Mädchengrab, zum Vorschein. Das Grab enthielt ca. 380 Perlen, eine Schnalle – vermutlich für ein Täschchen – und eine goldtauschierte Gürtelschnalle. Ein solches Ensemble kannte man bisher nur aus sehr reichen Frauengräbern. Der Kantonsarchäologe Guido Lassau und die Grabungsleiterin Corinne Hodel sprechen mit der Wissenschaftsjournalistin Marion Benz über Herausforderungen und Potentiale der Grossgrabungen für die Fernwärmeleitung, über die vielfältigen Informationen, welche das reich geschmückte Mädchen für die archäologische Forschung liefert, und wie wichtig es ist, ihr Lebensumfeld genauer zu kennen, um ihre Rolle in der damaligen Gesellschaft zu verstehen.

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Prieto, Eric. "Speech Melody and the Evolution of the Minimalist Aesthetic in Steve Reich’s The Cave." Circuit 12, no. 2 (February 23, 2010): 21–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/902250ar.

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This paper seeks to explain Reich's use of the "speech melody" technique in his video opera The Cave in terms of the minimalist reliance on impersonal processes and the economical use of musical material. For this piece Reich uses digitally sampled speech fragments with an emphatic melodic contour as the basis for composition. These speech melodies provide the primary building blocks out of which the work is constructed. Because the musical material is actually contained in the verbal material, Reich is able to provide innovative solutions to some of the traditional problems facing the composer of vocal music. This technique not only enables Reich to reintroduce a compelling expressive element into his work, but also enables him to reconcile the composer's search for rigorously autonomous musical structures with his documentary interest in the subjective concerns and social problems of the outside world.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Reichle'

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