Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Rehabilitation – Social aspects'
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Strömberg, Lars. "Hip fractures in the elderly : social, economic, and psychological aspects of rehabilitation /." Stockholm, 1998. http://diss.kib.ki.se/1998/91-628-2838-x/.
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Morrison-Orton, Debra J. "How rehabilitation professionals define and use religion and spirituality in practice." Access restricted to users with UT Austin EID Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3034940.
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Herns, Mary V. "Psychological and social aspects of recovery from coronary artery vein graft surgery." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1988. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/844315/.
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The present study sought to improve on previous studies of open-heart surgery patients by taking a broad view of outcome/recovery. A group of male coronary artery vein graft ('CAVG') patients were followed through from time of referral to six months post-surgery and changes in physical, psychological and social functioning were monitored. The relationships between the different areas of functioning were also examined. Two aspects of psychological function, namely intellectual performance and mood, and three aspects of social function, namely social/leisure, family and work activities, were assessed. Additionally, the beliefs and experiences of the subjects and their spouses relating to the development of heart disease and to recovery from surgery were explored. A single-case research design was used in order to examine and, where possible, explain individual differences in terms of specific patterns of functioning before and after surgery. For the group as a whole, pre- to post-surgery improvements were found in physical functioning and in mood, whereas social/leisure, family and work functioning were apparently unaffected. Post-operative intellectual performance, as measured with a battery of standardised neuropsychological tests, was unimpaired in most cases. There was scare variation in outcome, however, and close examination of the individual cases revealed the importance of such factors as family relationships, social 'buffers', denial and 'hopelessness' in determining the reaction of the individual to the surgery. The findings of the present study were considered to have implications for both further research and for pre- and post-operative interventions with this patient group.
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Seymour, Wendy, and mikewood@deakin edu au. "Remaking the body : Explorations in the sociology of embodiment." Deakin University, 1995. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20050728.111439.
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As embodied social agents our lives are preoccupied with the production and reproduction of bodies. Making, unmaking and remaking our embodiment are ongoing activities. Eating, exercise, washing, grooming, dressing, for example, are activities in which the body engages in routine tasks of bodily management. Such activities can be seen as everyday rehabilitation.
The study explores the impact of major physical impairment on embodiment, and on the processes involved in re-embodiment after catastrophic injury or disease. The experiences of the people in this study dramatically highlight the continuous, but largely taken for granted processes involved in our embodiment.
Four analytical strands are interwoven throughout the study. The first strand relates to the frailty and vulnerability of the human body, characteristics which are epitomised by the bodies of the informants in this study. The second strand engages with key aspects of the context in which re-embodiment takes place, namely a context replete with crisis, danger, fear, uncertainty and risk. The third strand projects into the future in considering the ongoing project of self. The fourth strand addresses the institutional and social impediments which may confine vulnerable bodies and limit the exploration of more expansive bodies.
The study is situated within the general theoretical approach of the sociology of the body. While recognizing the powerful impact of social discourse in the production of bodies, the study focuses on the critical role of embodiment in the reconstitution of self. The people in this study have experienced profound bodily change, but although this damage has disrupted, it has not annihilated their embodied selves. The people still possess and occupy their bodies. It is the obduracy of embodiment which directs the processes involved in remaking the body.
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Spearman, Sophia H. "Use of a task analysis to increase and maintain apartment cleaning with adults diagnosed with schizophrenia." Scholarly Commons, 2007. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/657.
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The purpose of this study was to assess the utility of task analyses and self-recording procedures in increasing and maintaining apartment -cleaning behaviors with adults diagnosed with schizophrenia in an independent living environment. A task analysis was used to define the specific behaviors needed to clean the participants apartments, and to prompt the cleaning behavior. Also, participant-made task analyses and self-recording procedures were used in an effort to maintain these behaviors. Six participants diagnosed with schizophrenia, who also demonstrated a need for improvement in apartment cleanliness, were chosen for this study. A multiple baseline design across participants was used for this study. Results indicated that, for the three participants that completed the study, their cleaning behavior improved from baseline to the introduction of the intervention, and maintained during the 4-month maintenance period. Self-recording and cleaning were not correlated, and consequently self-recording did not prove to be self-reinforcing.
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Chang, Chia-yu Stephanie Celeste, and 張嘉瑜. "Does social-demographic information predict residential outcomes in elderly stroke rehabilitation patients in Hong Kong?" Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31971520.
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Ishihara, Jean Emiko. "Levels of social intimacy among women in substance abuse treatment." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2005. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2880.
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This study found that women in substance abuse treatment have higher levels of social intimacy than women with no history of substance abuse (treatment). Other factors examined in relation to level of intimacy were: type and number of substances used, length of use, length of treatment, participation in mental health treatment, substance abuse in the home when the subject was a child, and a history of the subject being a survivor of abuse.
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Guy, Carol Richert. "Perceived social support: Its impact on length of sobriety." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2001. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1967.
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This study examined the relationship between perceived social support and length of sobriety. In particular this study investigated whether higher reports of perceived social support had an effect on an individual's length of sobriety. Sixty-seven male and female residents of an inpatient alcohol and drug treatment center participated in this study.
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au, bsteels@iinet net, and Brian Steels. "Declared guilty, a never-ending story : an analysis of the impact of the criminal justice system upon the self." Murdoch University, 2005. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20060615.125712.
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This study explores the experience of people who have been publicly declared guilty. It retells the narratives of offenders from the point of arrest through to conviction and, where relevant, imprisonment and release. The experiences of close relatives are also explored and provide an important part of the thesis. These accounts are set against the institutional context of the criminal justice system and a systemic account of police, courts, prisons and community corrections is provided. The main aim of the study is to investigate and document the impact of the criminal justice process on offenders sense of self.
At a theoretical level, the study is informed by symbolic interactionism, particularly the work of Erving Goffman. This enables the development of insights into issues such as loss, shame, humiliation and loss of self. The asymmetrical power relationship in which these feelings are engendered and maintained is emphasised. At the same time, the study records the level and types of resistance among the subjects of the criminal justice system.
The findings are significant for our sociological understandings of the impact of being declared guilty, for they suggest that the criminal justice process per se contributes to a severely damaged self, and that the subjective experience of being found guilty starts at the moment of arrest and persists well after sentencing as subjects try to re-integrate into the community with a record of conviction.
The study also suggests that these processes are not passively absorbed by subjects. As well as describing feelings of shame and loss, those participating in the research talked about the unfairness of the system, their preparedness to resist in numerous ways, and of their longing for an older, better life in which their sense of self was undamaged.
The study concludes by arguing that profound change to the culture of the criminal justice system is needed if rehabilitation is to be successful. In this context it emphasises the importance of accountable and transparent human services concerned with the human and civil rights of offenders, court diversion schemes, alternatives to custody, and the practical application of restorative and therapeutic justice.
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Cheltuitor, Alexandru, and Niklas Jones-Quartey. "Predicting Multimodal Rehabilitation Outcomes using Machine Learning." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informatik och media, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-413568.
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Chronic pain is a complex health issue and a major cause of disability worldwide. Although multimodal rehabilitation (MMR) has been recognized as an effective form of treatment for chronic pain, some patients do not benefit from it. If treatment outcomes could be reliably predicted, then patients who would benefit more from MMR could be prioritized over others. Machine learning has been proven capable of accurately predicting outcomes in other healthcare related domains. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the use of it to predict outcomes of MMR, using data from the Swedish Quality Registry for Pain Rehabilitation (SQRP). XGBoost regression was used for this purpose, and its predictive performance was compared to Ridge regression. 12 models were trained on SQRP data for each algorithm, in order to predict pain and quality of life related outcomes. The results show similar performances for both algorithms, with mean cross-validated R² values of 0.323 and 0.321 for the XGBoost and Ridge models respectively. The average root mean squared errors of 6.744 for XGBoost and 6.743 for Ridge were similar as well. Since XGBoost performed similarly to a less computationally expensive method, the use of this method for MMR outcome prediction was not supported by the results of this study. However, machine learning has the potential to be more effective for this purpose, through the use of different hyperparameter values, correlation-based feature selection or other machine learning algorithms.
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Yeung, Po Sheung. "Towards a socially sustainable urban renewal in Hong Kong : the case of Moon Lok Building rehabilitation." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2012. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/1427.
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Steyn, Beatrix Hendrina. "Surviving a laryngectomy : the experiences of post-operative cancer patients and their families." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/95872.
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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Post-operative laryngectomy patients face various physical, psychological and social challenges. The comprehensive effects of a total laryngectomy can have an adverse impact on the patient and his or her family. Because improved medical treatment can increase the life expectancy of cancer sufferers, psychosocial guidance is required over an extended period. Unfortunately, limited information on the coping strategies of such patients is available. The social work profession could benefit from greater insight into the strengths and coping mechanisms of post-operative cancer patients in order to guide them through their survivorship journey with insight and compassion. The researcher therefore aimed to explore and describe the experience of a patient and his/her close family while coping with the long-term challenges of a laryngectomy. The objectives were: (1) to discuss the nature of cancer survivorship, (2) to describe the medical aspects of and physical re-adjustments to a laryngectomy, (3) to discuss principles and strategies for coping and surviving a laryngectomy, (4) to describe the comprehensive psychosocial effects during the permanent survival phase and re-entry into society; (5) to explore the survivorship journey of laryngectomy patients and their families, and (6) to analyse and interpret data obtained from the study. Each of the survivorship phases as contextualised by Miller et al. (2008:369-374)* is discussed in the literature review. Both the ecological and the strengths perspective were utilised as the theoretical framework for this study. Principles of the strengths perspective focus on the inherent strengths that help patients cope with this traumatic life event, while the ecological perspective focuses on the utilisation of community resources in order to survive the laryngectomy experience. A combination of exploratory and descriptive designs was applied throughout the study to gain insight into the survival experience of post-operative laryngectomy patients and their families. The research question was: “What are patients’ and families’ experiences of surviving a laryngectomy with the assistance of internal and external resources within the family system and environment?” This question was addressed by combining the quantitative and qualitative research approaches. Forty-five post laryngectomy patients and fifteen family members, representing one-third of these patients, were included in the study through purposive sampling. The study period was from June 2012 to July 2013. The inclusion criteria required: (1) Patients from the service area of the selected hospital who received a total laryngectomy as surgical treatment for an advanced stage of cancer of the larynx or hypopharynx; (2) patients who were operated on not less than three months previously; (3) patients who had already completed their initial treatment and who were attending the follow-up clinic; and (4) patients who had successfully acquired trachea-oesophageal speech. Data obtained from the interviews were organised into themes. Four themes were identified: (1) the need for pre-operative information; (2) experience of physical adjustment; (3) coping and strengths used; and (4) experience of psychosocial effects of surgery and re-entry into society. These themes were divided into sub-themes and categories. The main outcome of the study was that both patients and families mobilise a combination of inner strengths and external resources to adapt to the inevitable physical changes resulting from a laryngectomy. It is therefore recommended that social workers dealing with survivorship cases utilise a combination of the ecological and strengths perspectives to create an environment in which patients can explore their own inner strengths, or to help them link to community resources whilst coping with their survivorship journey. Future research should focus on the long-term psychosocial survival of laryngectomy patients and their families, as it is likely that survivorship will increase in future; the implementation of survivorship programmes for health care professionals to equip them with skills to guide cancer survivors to full utilisation of their own strengths and available community resources; the role of pre- and primary school children/grandchildren in the rehabilitation of laryngectomy patients deserves further investigation.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Laringektomie-pasiënte word ná hul operasie met verskeie liggaamlike, psigiese en sosiale uitdagings gekonfronteer. Die omvattende gevolge van ‘n totale laringektomie kan die pasiënt en sy of haar gesin nadelig affekteer. Aangesien verbeterde mediese behandeling die lewensverwagting van kankerpasiënte kan verleng, word psigososiale ondersteuning oor ‘n langer tydperk benodig. Ongelukkig bestaan daar baie min inligting oor hoe pasiënte kanker hanteer. Die maatskaplike werk beroep kan dus voordeel trek uit beter insig in die hanteringsmeganismes van post-operatiewe kankerpasiënte om hulle met insig en empatie deur hul oorlewingsreis te kan begelei. Die navorser het ten doel gehad om die ondervindings van die kankerpasiënt en sy/haar naby familie tydens hul langtermynhantering van ‘n laringektomie te ondersoek en te beskrywe. Verdere oogmerke van die studie was: (1) om die aard van kankeroorlewing te bespreek; (2) om die mediese aspekte van en liggaamlike aanpassing ná ‘n laringektomie te beskrywe; (3) om die beginsels en strategieë vir ‘n oorwinning oor ‘n laringektomie te bespreek; (4) om die omvattende psigososiale gevolge van die finale oorlewingsfase en hertoetrede tot die gemeenskap te beskrywe; (5) om die oorlewingsreis van die laringektomiepasiënt en sy/haar gesin te ondersoek; en (6) om die resultate van die studie te ontleed en te interpreteer. Elk van die oorlewingsfases soos deur Miller et al. (2008:369-374)* beskrywe, is in die literatuuroorsig bespreek. Die ekologiese en die sterkte-perspektiewe is tesame as teoretiese raamwerk vir die studie gebruik. Die beginsels van die sterkte-perspektief is op die inherente krag van pasiënte gemik, om te bepaal hoe hulle hierdie traumatiese lewensgebeurtenis hanteer, terwyl die ekologiese perspektief op hul aanwending van gemeenskapsbronne om die laringektomie te oorleef, fokus. ‘n Kombinasie van ondersoekende en beskrywende navorsings ontwerpe is deurgaans gebruik om insig in die oorlewingstryd van laringektomiepasiënte en hul gesinne te verkry. Die navorsingsvraag was: “Wat is pasiënte en hul gesinne se ervarings van oorlewing na ‘n laringektomie met die hulp van interne en eksterne hulpbronne in die gesinstruktuur en omgewing?” Kwantitatiewe en kwalitatiewe navorsingsmetodes is gekombineer om hierdie vraag te ondersoek. Vyf-en-veertig laringektomiepasiënte en vyftien gesinslede, wat verteenwoordigend van twee-derdes van die pasiënte was, is met behulp van ‘n doelbewuste steekproef by die studie betrek. Die studie is tussen Junie 2012 en Julie 2013 onderneem. Die insluitingskriteria was: Pasiënte uit die diensgebied van die spesifieke hospitaal wat 'n totale laringektomie as chirurgiese behandeling vir 'n gevorderde stadium van kanker van die larinks of hipofarinks ontvang het; (2) pasiënte wat hul operasie nie meer as drie maande vantevore ondergaan het nie, (3) pasiënte wat reeds hul aanvanklike behandeling voltooi het en wat die opvolgkliniek bywoon, (4) pasiënte wat tragea-esofageale spraak suksesvol bemeester het. Die data, wat deur middel van onderhoude ingesamel is, is in temas gegroepeer. Vier temas is geïdentifiseer: (1) die behoefte aan inligting voor die operasie; (2) ervaring van liggaamlike aanpassing; (3) die hantering van omstandighede en innerlike krag; en (4) ervaring van die psigososiale uitwerking van die operasie en hertoetrede tot die gemeenskap. Hierdie temas is verder in subtemas en kategorieë verdeel. Die belangrikste uitkoms van hierdie studie is dat beide pasiënte en gesinne ‘n kombinasie van hul innerlike krag en eksterne bronne aangewend het om ná die laringektomie by die onafwendbare liggaamlike veranderinge aan te pas. Daar word dus aanbeveel dat maatskaplike werkers wat kankeroorlewendes hanteer, van ‘n kombinasie van die ekologiese en die sterkte-perspektief gebruik maak om ‘n omgewing te skep waarin die pasiënt sy of haar eie innerlike krag kan ontgin, of om pasiënte te help om kontak met gemeenskapsbronne te maak terwyl hulle die oorlewingsreis baasraak. Toekomstige navorsing behoort te fokus op langtermyn psigososiale oorlewing van laringektomie pasiënte en familie met inagneming van die tendens dat kanker pasiënte se oorlewing toeneem; die implementering van opleidingsprogramme vir gesondheidswerkers te fokus om hulle met die nodige kennis toe te rus om kankeroorlewendes te begelei om hul volle krag en alle beskikbare gemeenskapsbronne te gebruik. Daarby verdien die rol van voorskoolse- en laerskoolkinders in die rehabilitasie van laringektomiepasiënte verdere ondersoek.
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Eklund, Michael. "On vocational rehabilitation in northern Sweden : with focus on life satisfaction and outcome prediction." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Rehabiliteringsmedicin, 1991. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-101289.
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A consecutive series of 149 subjects with complete or partial vocational disability due to somatic ill-health were investigated at admission for vocational rehabilitation and two years later. Subjects filled in checklists which encompassed 5 socio-demographic, 5 psycho-social and 9 life satisfaction items. Moreover, 5 dimensions of "handicap" were assessed. At admission subjects were physically examined. In this diagnostically mixed sample 80 of them had non-specific locomotor dysfunction with pain ("algia"). In this sub-sample 23 symptoms (yes/no alternatives) and 24 signs (present/not present) were registered. At the two-year follow-up actual source and level of income were registered and 126 subjects reported their levels of life satisfaction. A reference population including 163 employed subjects was used for comparisons of levels of life satisfaction.At admission satisfaction with life as a whole (level of happiness) and with 6/8 domain specific life satisfaction items were significantly lower for the vocational rehabilitation clients than for the references. Psycho-socio-demographic items formed 5 factors, two were socio-demographic and three psycho-social characteristics. Only few were "handicapped" concerning orientation, mobility and self-care, while the majority were financially and/or occupationally "handicapped". At the two-year follow-up 91% of the partly and 67% of those who at admission were completely vocationally disabled were undergoing education or were gainfully employed, giving a success rate of 77%. Moreover, return to work from unemployment resulted in significantly increased income. Successful rehabilitation resulted in normalization of the majority of life satisfaction domains. This was particularly true for overall vocational satisfaction. Level of happiness was increased but not up to the level of the references. At follow-up the level of or change in (admission/follow-up computations) vocational satisfaction were major predictors for level of or change in happiness. Hence, successful vocational rehabilitation led to increased social well-being. For the total sample major predictors of outcome were: Level of experienced health and belief in vocational return. It is suggested that these two variables arc useful instruments for vocational rehabilitation decision making. In the algic sub-sample signs and symptoms were - statistically - combined into 8 meaningful entities, characterizing regional, postural and relational syndromes. Whereas these may not necessarily be generalizable they may be of clinical descriptory value. However, only one of them contributed to outcome prediction; the major predictors for those algic subjects being belief in vocational return and sex.S. 1-48: sammanfattning, s. 49-125: 5 uppsatser
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Borchers, Stephen Sean. "Motivational levels and abstinence rates in substance abuse clients." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2006. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2971.
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Analyzes the motivation of clients beginning a drug and alcohol treatment program to see if their level of motivation affects their success in the program, as measured by drug screens. Thirty-six participants from the Perris Valley Recovery Program (PVRP) in Southern California took a motivation for treatment questionnaire reflecting their levels of motivation for treatment. Results of the study found significant relationships between clients' motivation to be in substance abuse treatment and clean or dirty drug screens.
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Ferestad, Jaysen Nicole. "I'm Not Gonna Be Like That Guy: Exploring the Montana Meth Project Through the Eyes of That Guy." PDXScholar, 2013. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1503.
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Graphic images of meth addicts have swept across Montana in television, radio and print ads as part of the state's latest anti-drug campaign, the Montana Meth Project. From a labeling perspective, the negative portrayal of meth addicts in these ads has significant implications for meth addicts in terms of their reintegration. The unintended population of drug addicts potentially affected by public service campaigns has failed to gain attention in the literature despite the implications suggested by labeling theory. This poses a significant gap in our knowledge and understanding, which this study addresses through the voice of recovering meth addicts. This study explored the significance of the campaign with regard to the worldview of recovering meth addicts and the implications of this worldview with regard to their reintegration. In particular, the study examined 1) addict perceptions of the campaign's impact on community 2) addict perceptions of the campaign's personal impact 3) addict perceptions of the significance of social bonds 4) the implications of these perspectives from the theoretical standpoint of Labeling and Social Bond theory.
In-depth interviews were conducted among a sample of twenty recovering meth addicts at a treatment facility in Grenadier, Montana as well as one active meth user. This form of data collection was chosen due to the exploratory nature of the study as well the significance of perception suggested by the Symbolic-Interaction perspective (Cooley 1902). The study revealed that the Montana Meth Project does have a significant impact on the worldview of the participants. When the participants believe the campaign has a positive impact on the community - creating awareness, understanding and acceptance - the campaign is viewed as a tool in their reintegration. However, as the bulk of the findings suggest, when the participants believe the campaign has a negative impact - stereotypes, labeling, stigmatization and differential treatment - the campaign is viewed as a barrier to their reintegration. With such a negative reaction in the worldview of the participants, the mainstream world including family, friends and the community did not appear to be at the forefront of their reintegration. Rather, a subculture of recovering addicts acts as the source of positive social bonds and the most significant in the reintegration of the participants. The findings of this study demonstrate the impact anti- drug campaigns, and particularly scare campaigns using a public service approach, can have on the unintended audience of drug addicts.
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Yiu, Man-ching Phebe, and 姚文靜. "A study of the psychosocial aspects of long term hospitalization with reference to spinal injured patients: implication for social work practice." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1988. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31248329.
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Waller, Heath Frederick. "Moral reform and the desiderata of responses to wrongdoing: the production of a "morally autonomous person freely attached to the good"." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003805.
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Moral reform is a neglected response to wrongdoing that has been incorrectly portrayed as a practice involving illegitimate treatment of wrongdoers and as totally unsatisfying to those theorists advocating backward-looking practices such as retributive punishment. A clear explanation of the ethical legitimacy and practical necessity of the reformative techniques moral reform involves has been missed, and this paper details the design of moral reform proper in order to fill this gap in punishment theory. The moral reform of an offender is identified as a desideratum of responses to wrongdoing and it is explained what moral reform ought to entail. The claim that moral reform qualifies as the overriding aim of responses to wrongdoing is argued for on the grounds that this practice is capable of achieving all the established ends of responses to wrongdoing. The legitimate desiderata of our practices are identified as those usually selected as the ends of punishment practices, and moral reform must accomplish these if it is to be accepted. Moral reform is shown to realise the goals of punishments as the fortunate effects of what is done to achieve an offender's moral improvement and of what reformees do in taking responsibility for their actions. The suffering involved in moral reform receives particular emphasis since the practice will never satisfy unless it accommodates the widely-held intuition that the offender must suffer sufficiently as a consequence of his wrongdoing. Moral reform is further portrayed as the most meaningful practice for its ability to satisfy the appropriate needs and desires victims have in response to their victimization. A central claim of the thesis is that moral reform best serves the victim, since it most effectively relieves the victim's emotional responses to wrongdoing and is as adept as punishment at the expression of these same emotions. Reformers advocate a constructive response to wrongdoing that benefits all affected parties.KMBT_363
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Buchholz, Maria Mae. "Blessings and Curses: The Impact of the North Dakota Oil Boom on Offender Reentry and Reintegration into the Community." Diss., North Dakota State University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10365/25810.
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Education, employment, housing, and substance abuse pose significant problems to the successful reentry of individuals released from prison. The current research project utilized a natural experiment, an oil boom in a Midwestern state, to examine changes in offender reentry and recidivism outcomes overtime. The first part of the study compared a sample of offenders released from prison prior to the oil boom to a sample of offenders released from prison during the highest peak of the oil boom. Comparisons were made on variables known in the literature to be predictive of recidivism during the reentry process; these include risk, education, employment, housing, substance abuse, and treatment. Recidivism was measured as a new conviction, technical violation, and re-incarceration. The follow-up period for both samples was two years. The second part of the study incorporated the perspectives of probation and parole officers. All officers in the Midwestern state were surveyed on their perception of offender reentry and how it may have changed as a result of oil boom influences. Officer attitudes, philosophies, and supervision strategies were analyzed in relation to their perceptions on offender reentry and the oil boom.
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Kirk, Alice Joy. "The effect of explanatory style on the coping strategies of women in recovery." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2008. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/3366.
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O'Sullivan, Debbie Lee. "Understanding why male juveniles perpetrate: An exploratory study." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2005. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2848.
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The purpose of this study was to gain an understanding of why social workers believe a male juvenile would commit a sexual abuse act toward another child and how this juvenile should be understood within the social services system and society. Social workers believe interventions are needed once the abuse has occurred.
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Fielding-Payton, Marsha, and Adriana Cebreros Torres. "Lack of positive social support: The effect on the recidivism rate of youthful offenders." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2002. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2245.
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Adkison, Caroline Mary. "Sexuality and related social skills training: Meeting the challenge for adults with developmental disabilities." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1997. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1548.
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Historically, people with developmental disabilities were denied the right to live in and integrate with the society of individuals without disabilities. Landmark legislation and a societal shift over the past two decades, however, have made it possible for people with developmental disabilities to live and work in the communities in which they live.
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Rosario, Douglas Paul. "Compliance behavior in physical therapy home programs." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1998. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1658.
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Chan, Pak-lam, and 陳柏林. "New town planning and juvenile delinquency: acase study of Tuen Mun." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31259595.
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Chan, Chor-Kiu Raymond, and 陳楚僑. "Coping with spinal cord injury: personal and marital adjustment." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1996. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31212773.
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Uridge, Lynsey. "The identity of the heart patient in the context of the gift economy: HeartNET and media framing." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2014. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1578.
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This health communication research examines the identity levels of the heart patient on a therapeutic website HeartNET through an empirical investigation of site interactions as manifestations of a gift economy. The thesis also explores the media’s representation of heart health in both television and print.
This research utilised a longitudinal qualitative ethnographic and netnographic approach involving twenty-six participants who completed two in-depth interviews. The first one-on-one interview occurred during the early stages of the participants’ heart journey, explored their heart story and use of interactive technology for heart health support. The second interview occurred six to twelve months later, and investigated changes in the participants’ heart health status and their media awareness. Data obtained through onsite postings, in-depth interviews, and asynchronous and synchronous interactions on HeartNET, resulted in an analysis of the rich insights into the lived experiences of people affected by heart disease.
The heart patient has to cope with an unknown and disrupted future which may be complicated by a lack of understanding by their significant other and extended network. Interactions on HeartNET indicated a change in participants’ attitudes toward their heart disease. The gift of time, information and support were commodities that were shared freely. Over time however, a change in focus was evident. As members became more independent their posts would shift to a focus on independence and healing (or wellbeing) rather than focusing on the disease.
Another key finding among the non-HeartNET members was the importance of volunteering and how it became an integral aspect of many recovering heart patients’ lives. As peer supporters this volunteering role appears to support the extension of social networks and complements professional health services.
Findings from this research have shown that the media often portrays heart disease as a lifestyle issue and the participants of this research felt the media considered they were ‘to blame’, even though the majority of them had a healthy, well-balanced lifestyle prior to their heart event. An analysis of newspaper articles indicates that the use of the Heart Foundation brand name, or a passing mention of heart disease, was often used to raise the salience of the newspaper article, particularly in terms of its title.
This research provides valuable insights into the heart patient’s journey as each individual recreates and re-identifies as a heart patient. Most importantly, this research allows participants’ voices to be heard.
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Castro, Fabiana Faleiros Santana [Verfasser], Christoph [Akademischer Betreuer] Käppler, and Fernando Augusto Ramos [Akademischer Betreuer] Pontes. "Spina bifida and intermittent bladder catheterization in the context of rehabilitation : a comparative study of the technical and bio-psycho-social aspects in Brazil and Germany / Fabiana Faleiros Santana Castro. Betreuer: Christoph Käppler. Gutachter: Fernando Augusto Ramos Pontes." Dortmund : Universitätsbibliothek Dortmund, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1099295149/34.
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Castro, Fabiana Faleiros Santana Verfasser], Christoph [Akademischer Betreuer] [Käppler, and Fernando Augusto Ramos [Akademischer Betreuer] Pontes. "Spina bifida and intermittent bladder catheterization in the context of rehabilitation : a comparative study of the technical and bio-psycho-social aspects in Brazil and Germany / Fabiana Faleiros Santana Castro. Betreuer: Christoph Käppler. Gutachter: Fernando Augusto Ramos Pontes." Dortmund : Universitätsbibliothek Dortmund, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1099295149/34.
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Gray, Mary Elisabeth. "The relationship of group support, majority status, and interpersonal dependency in predicting intimate partner violence." PDXScholar, 2009. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3914.
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One of the most common community responses to intimate partner violence is batterer intervention programs (BIPs), which are aimed at ending perpetrators' violent behavior. Unfortunately, however, the success rates of BIPs are questionable (Aldarondo, 2002; Gondolf, 2002) and we do not know what factors of the program facilitate decreases in abusive behavior when this does occur. Specifically, it is unknown whether and how individual characteristics interact with intervention group dynamics to facilitate change. To better understand this gap in the literature, this study investigated the relationship between social support, group majority-minority status, and interpersonal dependency in predicting intimate partner violence. The study utilizes data collected for a larger study sampling 180 men enrolled in a batterer intervention program in Portland, Oregon. It was hypothesized that partner violence is positively related to interpersonal dependency and negatively related to group social support. Furthermore, it was hypothesized that majority-minority group status moderates the relationship between group social support and intimate partner violence. As predicted, men who were more dependent on their partners also reported higher levels of psychological aggression perpetrated against their partners during the past 6-months. However, this relationship did not exist between interpersonal dependency and conflict tactics related to physical assault, injury, or sexual coercion. Further, perceived social support in the group did not predict partner violence as hypothesized. However, among men who had attended nine or fewer BIP sessions, both group social support and interpersonal dependency were positively associated with psychological aggression. Finally, among men who were involved in an intimate relationship at the time of data collection, interpersonal dependency was positively related to psychological aggression and physical assault.
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Almeida, Renata Barreto Fernandes de. "O caminho das pedras : conhecendo melhor os usuários de crack do município do Recife-PE." Universidade Católica de Pernambuco, 2011. http://www.unicap.br/tede//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=555.
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Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo geral cartografar a experiência de usuários de crack no município de Recife. Este estudo foi desenvolvid o nos CAPSad e Instituto RAID. Os
entrevistados foram usuários de crack do sexo masculino e feminino, com idade a partir dos 18 anos, que estavam em tratamento em decorrência desta substância nas instituições acima citadas durante a coleta de dados. Em cada CAPSad, foi entrevistado um usuário de crack indicado pela equipe técnica que tivesse uma boa organização nas ideias para descrever a sua experiência com o crack, e que se disponibilizou a contribuir com a pesquisa através de
entrevista semi-estruturadas. No Instituto RAID foram entrevistados seis usuários escolhidos pelos mesmos critérios. A pesquisa desenvolvida foi qualitativa de inspiração
fenomenológica pautada no pensamento de Husserl e no método proposto por A. Giorgi. Este método inclui, basicamente, os seguintes passos: O sentido do todo, a partir da leitura do depoimento do sujeito; Discriminação do depoimento em Unidades de Significados; Compreensão psicológica de cada Unidade de Significado; Síntese de cada depoimento expressa como estrutura da experiência; e a Composição de uma síntese geral que apresenta a essência do fenômeno para todos os sujeitos investigados. A identificação dessas Unidades de Significado nas experiências dos usuários apontou aspectos diversos sobre o tema tais como: A experiência de ser dependente do crack; o que levou os usuários a consumirem essa substância; qual o significado do crack na vida desses usuários; quais as sensações vividas no consumo desta droga; o prazer da morte pela pedra; a culpa sentida por ceder à compulsão; as perdas diante da pedra; a família como fator importante na busca
por um tratamento; o crack e a violência; as dificuldades e sucessos no tratamento; o estigma do usuário de crack e o descontrole vivenciado por alguns usuários. Diante da
complexidade das questões trazidas nas experiências dos usuários entrevistados, grandes desafios estão postos para as equipes que trabalham no tratamento dos usuários de crack.
Torna-se fundamental uma reflexão contínua sobre essa práticaThis research had as its main aim to portrait crack-cocaine users experience in the city of Recife. Subjects were crack-cocaine users, males and females, from 18 years old, undertaking treatment at drug addiction health services in Recife (CAPSad and Instituto RAID) during data collection. One subject from each CAPSad (06 in a whole) was interviewed and 06 subjects from Instituto RAID were interviewed. All designated by the health professional teams and with organized thoughts to describe their crack-cocaine use experiences, as well as with willingness to respond to a semi-structured interview. The research was qualitative with phenomenological background inspired by Husserls theory and Giorgis method. Basically, this method includes these steps: 1) reading the entire description of one subject in order to get a sense of the whole; 2) reading through the data a second time and marking those places in the description where a transition in meaning occurred from a psychological perspective (the meanings between transitions are called meaning units); 3) reading all of the meaning units and interrogating them from what they reveal about the phenomenon of interest, in this case, the crack-cocaine use experience, in order to grasp the relevance of the subjects own words for the phenomenon of using crack-cocaine in as direct a manner as possible (this step is called the transformation of the subjects lived experience into direct psychological expression); 4) presenting a situated or general structure of the experience (synthesis of each report expressed as structure of experience); and, 5) comprehending the general synthesis which represents the essence of the phenomenon to all subjects investigated. The identification of crack-cocaine users experience in meaning units pointed out to several themes such as: the experience of being a crack-cocaine user; what took them to use this drug; the meaning of crack-cocaine in their lives; crack-cocaine use sensations; crack-cocaine death pleasure; compulsion guiltiness; losses related to the drug; family as an important factor to seek treatment; crack-cocaine and violence; treatment challenges; crack-cocaine use stigma; and, loss of control experienced by users. These complex issues expressed by research subjects set great challenges to health professional teams treating crack-cocaine users and draw attention to the need of permanent reflection of their practices
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McGarry, Sarah. "Pediatric medical traumatic stress : the impact on children, parents and staff." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2013. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/605.
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Burns are one of the most painful and traumatising injuries an individual can sustain and constitute a serious global health threat to children. Despite the magnitude of this public health problem, little research has examined the psychological burden of these injuries. This study used a mixed-methods approach to investigate the effect of paediatric medical trauma on children who have sustained a burn, their parents and the healthcare professionals caring for these patients. The paediatric medical traumatic stress model provided a theoretical framework for this study.
Firstly, this study aimed to gain an understanding of the lived experience of children who sustain a burn. Using phenomenology as a methodology, the first paper in this thesis provided an in-depth understanding of children’s perceptions, thoughts and feelings about the lived experience of sustaining a burn. The findings identified two phases of trauma that are central to the burn experience. The paper found that children experience ongoing trauma in addition to the initial trauma of sustaining the burn, resulting in a cumulative trauma experience. Six themes were identified in the data describing the child’s experience: ongoing recurrent trauma; return to normal activities; behavioural changes; scarring-the permanent reminder; family functioning and adaptation. The methodology of this research provided a voice for the child’s perspective of the burn experience and the findings can be used to inform clinical care at all stages of the burn journey.
The second paper, a cross-sectional study, aimed to investigate the impact of exposure to paediatric trauma on parents of children with a burn and to identify risk factors and relationships between psychological distress and resilience. The results indicated that parents experienced significantly more symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder than a comparative population. Factors including having a daughter, witnessing the event, feeling helpless or having past traumatic experiences significantly influenced symptoms of psychological distress and resilience. Findings from this study highlight that health professionals should screen parents to identify those at greatest risk and provide effective evidence-based interventions aimed at improving resilience and reducing stress, as part of standard, routine care.
The aim of the third paper was to gain an understanding of the lived experience of parents of a child with a burn injury. Using a phenomenological, qualitative methodology allowed aspects of the parents’ experience not collected in standardised outcome measures to be identified, enabling triangulation with the quantitative results found in the second study. The findings demonstrated that the experience of parents reflected a journey that was represented by three phases: the event, the inpatient phase and the return to the community. Within the three phases, themes of external stressors, emotional and behavioural responses and coping strategies were identified. These findings can be used for the development of protocols to underpin a comprehensive information and social support management plan for families. This would complement the surgical and medical treatment plan, providing direction for comprehensive service delivery.
Children, parents and health professionals are interconnected in a professional relationship. The aim of the fourth paper was to investigate the effect of exposure to paediatric medical trauma on multidisciplinary teams and the relationships between psychological distress, resilience and coping skills. Health professionals experienced significantly more symptoms of psychological distress and less resilience than comparative groups. Non-productive coping was associated with adverse psychological outcomes and younger health professionals were more vulnerable to psychological distress than those aged 25 years and above. Findings from this study may assist in developing organisational systems to facilitate optimal mental health and coping strategies in health professionals, with the aim of the maintenance of a healthy workforce.
Overall findings from this research provide evidence for health professionals to optimise a holistic clinical service at all stages of the burn journey. These findings provide previously unknown knowledge about the impact of paediatric medical trauma on children, parents and health professionals within a paediatric hospital.
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Карпенко, С. С. "Особливості ранньої реабілітації дітей з інвалідністю: вітчизняний та міжнародний досвід." Thesis, Чернігів, 2019. http://ir.stu.cn.ua/123456789/19682.
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Карпенко, С.С. Особливості ранньої реабілітації дітей з інвалідністю: вітчизняний та міжнародний досвід : магістерська робота : 231 «Соціальна робота» / С.С. Карпенко ; керівник роботи Москаленко В.В. ; Національний університет «Чернігівська політехніка», кафедра соціальної роботи. – Чернігів, 2019. – 83 с.Актуальність дослідження зумовлена недостатньою науковою розробленістю проблеми впровадження та розвитку досліджуваного напряму надання послуг дітям наймолодшого віку, орієнтованого насім'ю, який для України є досить новим, і тому потребує вивчення та аналізу як на практичному, так і на науковому рівнях. В розділі 1 магістерської роботи здійснено теоретичний аналіз теоретико-методологічних засад дослідження проблеми соціальнопсихологічних аспектів реабілітації людей інвалідністю (в тому числі наукові підходи щодо сутності реабілітації в соціальній роботі, а також ранньої реабілітації, соціально-психологічні проблеми дітей та їх сімей з інвалідністю, об’єкти соціальної роботи). Розділ 2 присвячений дослідженню соціально-психологічних аспектів реабілітації дітей з інвалідністю (напрямки та етапи соціально-психологічної реабілітації дітей з інвалідністю, форми та методи соціально-психологічної реабілітації дітей з інвалідністю, діяльність закладів ранньої реабілітації в Україні та за кордоном). У розділі 3 магістерської роботи проведене емпіричне дослідження рівня психічних станів у дітей з інвалідністю, а у розділі 4 – визначено шляхи вдосконалення системи ранньої реабілітації. Наукова новизна роботи полягає в здійсненні автором комплексного дослідження проблеми послуг раннього втручання; обґрунтовано переваги переходу від біомедичної моделі ранньої реабілітації до сімейно-центрованих програм; досліджено сім’ю як об’єкт соціальної роботи при наданні соціальних послуг
The relevance of the research is due to the lack of scientific elaboration of the problem of introduction and development of the researched direction of providing services to the youngest children, oriented to the family, which is quite new for Ukraine, and therefore requires study and analysis at both practical and scientific levels. In chapter 1 of the master's thesis the theoretical analysis of the theoretical and methodological foundations of the study of the problem of socio-psychological aspects of rehabilitation of people with functional limitations (including scientific approaches to the essence of rehabilitation in social work, as well as early rehabilitation, social and psychological problems of children and their families) functional limitations, objects of social work). Chapter 2 is devoted to the study of social and psychological aspects of rehabilitation of children with impaired psychophysical development (directions and stages of social and psychological rehabilitation of children with impaired psychophysical development, forms and methods of social and psychological rehabilitation of children with impaired psychophysical development, activity of institutions of early rehabilitation in Ukraine and for rehabilitation in Ukraine ). In chapter 3 of the master's thesis the empirical study of the level of mental states in children with disabilities of psychophysical development is conducted, , and in chapter 4 - ways of improvement of the system of early rehabilitation are defined. The scientific novelty of the work is to provide the author with a comprehensive study of the problem of early intervention services; the advantages of the transition from biomedical model of early rehabilitation to family-centered programs are substantiated; researched family as an object of social work when providing social services
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Koliski, José Luiz. "A qualificação profissional de encarcerados da colônia penal agroindustrial do Paraná." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2015. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/1160.
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A presente pesquisa tem por objetivo analisar os limites e possibilidades da qualificação profissional para reinserção econômica e social de encarcerados, tomando como referência a Colônia Penal Agroindustrial do Paraná. Apoia-se nos fundamentos teóricos e metodológicos do Materialismo Histórico e Dialético, e utiliza como instrumento de coleta de dados a entrevista individual semiestruturada realizada com dezessete encarcerados participantes de atividades educativas e laborais. Os principais resultados apontam que o perfil socioeconômico da população carcerária, caracterizado pela baixa escolaridade, falta de qualificação profissional, e a ocupação de empregos precários, contribui para o ingresso na criminalidade e, consequentemente, o encarceramento. O segundo aspecto constatado foi o caráter contraditório da prisão em sua finalidade punitiva e ressocializadora, tendo por meta simultânea punir e reinserir o condenado à sociedade. Por fim a qualificação profissional, compreendida amplamente como uma relação social, articulando-se formação geral, profissional e prática, reduz-se a cursos curtos e aligeirados, prescindindo da escolaridade e da integração entre educação geral e profissional, sequer atendendo às demandas de mercado. As evidências apontadas permitem inferir que os programas de qualificação profissional são ineficientes e ineficazes na reinserção econômica e social dos encarcerados. O trabalho na prisão, de caráter produtivo e educativo, cumpre apenas a função produtiva, predatoriamente explorado por empresas privadas, significando para o encarcerado muito mais uma possibilidade de amenizar as condições carcerárias e de remição da pena, do que sua profissionalização.This research aims to analyze the limits and possibilities of professional qualification for economic and social rehabilitation of prisoners, with reference to the Penal Colony Agroindustrial of Paraná. It builds on theoretical and methodological foundations of the Historical and Dialectical Materialism and uses as data collection tool semi-structured individual interviews conducted with seventeen imprisoned participants of educational and professional activities. The main results show that the socioeconomic profile of the prison population, characterized by low education, lack of professional qualification, and the occupation of precarious jobs, contributes to entry into the crime and hence incarceration. The second aspect was noted the contradictory nature of the arrest at his punitive and ressocializadora purpose, with the simultaneous goal punish and reinsert the condemned to society. Finally the qualification, widely understood as a social relation, articulating general education, professional and practical, reduce the short and streamlined courses, regardless of education and integration between general and vocational education, even taking into account the market demands. The evidence presented allow us to infer that vocational training programs are inefficient and ineffective in the economic and social rehabilitation of prisoners. Prison labor, productive and educational, only fulfills the productive function, predatory operated by private companies, meaning for the imprisoned very much a possibility to ease prison conditions and redemption pen, your professionalism.
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Tam, Sut-lai Shirley, and 譚雪麗. "A study of whether public transport services have helped to achieve the goals of "equal opportunities" and "full participation" for thedisabled in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31259819.
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Haddad, Maria Aparecida Onuki. "Habilitação e reabilitação visual de escolares com baixa visão: aspectos médico-sociais." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5149/tde-23112006-133322/.
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INTRODUÇÃO: A baixa visão na infância pode limitar as experiências de vida, a velocidade de realização de tarefas, o desenvolvimento motor, as habilidades, a educação e o desenvolvimento emocional e social, com comprometimento da qualidade de vida. O conhecimento de aspectos médico-sociais colaboram para a elaboração de ações efetivas para a reabilitação visual e a inclusão educacional. OBJETIVOS: 1)Identificar aspectos clínicos referentes a população com baixa visão em idade escolar atendida no Serviço de Visão Subnormal da Clínica Oftalmológica do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo e da Associação Brasileira de Assistência ao Deficiente Visual, com relação a causa da baixa visão, localização da anormalidade, classes de comprometimento visual, função visual atual, prescrição óptica para correção de ametropias e para auxílios para baixa visão; necessidades reabilitacionais; 2) Verificar percepção de mães ou responsáveis quanto a detecção da deficiência visual, encaminhamentos e condutas realizados por profissionais da área médica, acesso a serviços de atenção oftalmológica especializada à baixa visão, acesso a auxílios ópticos prescritos para baixa visão; 3) fornecer subsídios para desenvolvimento de ações para habilitação/reabilitação da baixa visão na infância. MÉTODOS: Realizou-se estudo transversal analítico, tendo sido estudadas a população de 115 escolares com baixa visão, sem outras deficiências associadas e a população de mães ou responsáveis pelos escolares, detectados no período de fevereiro a novembro de 2005. Realizou-se a avaliação oftalmológica dos escolares e aplicou-se questionário semi-estruturado às mães ou responsáveis. RESULTADOS: As principais causas da deficiência visual foram a retinocoroidite macular bilateral por toxoplasmose congênita (27,8%), a catarata congênita (11,3%), o albinismo oculocutâneo (7,8%) e o glaucoma congênito (6,1%); a retina foi a principal localização da afecção ocular causadora da deficiência visual (54,8%); as principais etiologias foram hereditárias (36,5%) e pré-natais infecciosas (32,1%); as classes de deficiência visual moderada(67,8%) e grave (27,0%) foram mais freqüentes;a correção óptica da ametropia foi prescrita para todos os casos de retinocoroidite macular bilateral, de amaurose congênita de Leber e de albinismo oculocutâneo; os auxílios ópticos para longe (87,8%) foram mais prescritos que os auxílios ópticos para perto (34,7%); a mãe foi a pessoa que percebeu primeiro a dificuldade visual em 53,0%; a escola foi importante na detecção de problemas visuais nos escolares com baixa visão (6,1%); o pediatra mostrou-se despreparado para a detecção de problemas visuais, tratamentos, orientação à família e encaminhamentos; diagnosticou-se a baixa visão no primeiro ano de vida em 83,0% dos casos; o encaminhamento a serviços de reabilitação visual foi realizado tardiamente ao diagnóstico e ocorreu principalmente na idade escolar (53,9%); o principal responsável pelo encaminhamento a serviços de reabilitação foi o oftalmologista(60%); a menor parte dos escolares havia sido atendida por outro serviço de reabilitação (23,0%); apesar da existência de outros serviços terciários de reabilitação visual na cidade de São Paulo, 67,0% dos responsáveis não tinha conhecimento dos mesmos. CONCLUSÕES: Verifica-se necessidade de: programas de detecção precoce de problemas visuais na infância, por meio de capacitação de pediatras em saúde ocular; programas de detecção de problemas oculares na idade escolar, em parceria com serviços de saúde e educação, como a Campanha Olho no Olho; capacitação de professores do sistema regular de ensino, quanto à saúde ocular e aspectos da baixa visão; maior acesso a auxílios ópticos prescritos à pessoa com baixa visão;educação continuada de oftalmologistas para atuação na área da baixa visão e maior divulgação das implicações da baixa visão na infância e na vida adulta e dos serviços disponíveis na comunidade.INTRODUCTION: Low vision in childhood can limit experiences, speed in performing daily activities, sensory and motor development, educational, social and emotional improvement and compromise quality of life. Knowledge of medical and social features can cooperate to the development of effective actions to educational inclusion and visual rehabilitation. OBJECTIVES: 1. to identify clinical features of a population of school age children with low vision evaluated at the low vision service of the University of São Paulo Ophthalmology Department and the Brazilian Association for the Visually Impaired. (Laramara) concerning causes of low vision, anatomical site of the abnormality, classes of visual impairment, visual functions, use of optical correction, low vision devices and rehabiliattion needs. 2. to evaluate perceptions of mothers or the persons responsible concerning detection of the visual impairment, procedures of the professionals involved, access to low vision services and to the prescribed low vision aids. 3. to contribute to improve actions of habilitation or rehabilitation of visually impaired school children. METHODS: a population of 115 school children with visual impairment was submitted to ophthalmologic low vision evaluation and a semistructured questionnaire was applied to the mother or person responsible. RESULTS: main causes of visual impairment were presumed toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis(27,8%), congenital cataracts (11,3%), albinism (7,8%) and congenital glaucoma (6,1%). Retina (54,8%) was the main affected area and the main causes involved heredity (36,5%) or pre-natal infections (32,1%). Moderated (67,8%) and Severe (27,0%) low vision were more frequent. Glasses for refractive errors were prescribed to all with bilateral macular retinochoroiditis, Leber congenital amaurosis and albinism. Mothers were the first to notice visual impairment in the majority of cases (53,0%) and the school was also important (6,1%). Pediatricians were not very efficient in the detection of visual impaiment in these children. Low vision was detected in the first year of life in 83% and referral to visual rehabilitation unit ocurred chiefly at school age (53,9%), being the ophthalmologist the professional responsible for the majority of referrals(60%). These children, in general, never had a prior low vision examination (73%) and the mothers or responsibles had little knowledge of other available rehabilitation units in the area (67,0%). CONCLUSIONS: early detection programs for visual impairment in children and capacitation of pediatricians is important as well as the screening for refractive errors of children at school age. Regular school teachers should receive information on basic eye health and low vision. Improved access to low vision aids and increased awareness on the subject among ophthalmologists is a necessity as well as more information on community services and visual impairment should be available to the population.
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Valles, Jacqueline do Prado. "A análise do aspecto jurídico e temporal do homicídio passional." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2011. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/5750.
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Previous issue date: 2011-11-22The homicide is one of the most horrific crimes that a man can commit, since that it is the elimination of a being of it s own kind, but particularly in this work, were addressed the driving factors of what is called passionate murder , that which is practiced by the criminal under extreme emotional influence, that can be, love, hate, anger or fear. Feelings that cannot be ignored during the verification process of the crime and the imposition of criminal liability. The forensic psychiatric explains that the emotions felt by the criminal at the moment of the crime can the considered so severe, to the pint of exclusion of the guilt of the agent, not allowing him the perception of the criminal act, It s not the case of the passionate murder provided under the article 121 § 1º last part of the Criminal Code, in this case, the criminal acts with the domain of violent emotion, after unjust provocation by the victim . Such emotional state is so engaging that prevails all the rational feeling of the agent, and under this circumstance so psychologically dominating, that it becomes essentially difficult to impose a predefined time lapse , between the victim attitude and the criminal reaction, at the crime moment
O crime de homicídio é um dos atos criminosos mais horrendos que o homem pode cometer, já que é a eliminação de um ser da sua própria espécie, mas particularmente neste trabalho, foram abordados os fatores impulsionadores do chamado homicídio Passional , aquele que é praticado pelo criminoso sob uma extrema influência emocional, seja, amor, ódio, raiva ou medo; sentimentos que não podem ser ignorados durante o processo de verificação do delito e na imposição da responsabilidade penal. A psiquiatria forense explica que as emoções sentidas pelo criminoso no momento do crime podem ser consideradas tão graves, ao ponto de excluir a culpabilidade do agente, não permitindo a ele a percepção do ato criminoso; não é o caso do homicida Passional previsto no artigo 121 § 1º última parte do Código penal; nesse caso, o criminoso age com o domínio da violenta emoção, após injusta provocação da vítima . Tal estado emocional é tão envolvente que prevalece a todo sentimento racional do agente; e diante desta circunstância tão dominadora psicologicamente, que se torna essencialmente difícil impor um lapso temporal pré definido, entre a atitude da vítima e a reação do criminoso, no momento do crime
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Souza, Raphael Pires de. "Reabilitação profissional no contexto de precarização do mundo do trabalho: Um estudo de caso da formação profissional no Programa Reabilita do INSS." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2016. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/22082.
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SOUZA, Raphael Pires de. Reabilitação profissional no contexto de precarização do mundo do trabalho: um estudo de caso da formação profissional no Programa Reabilita do INSS. 2016. 162f. – Tese (Doutorado) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Programa de Pós-graduação em Educação Brasileira, Fortaleza (CE), 2016.Submitted by Gustavo Daher (gdaherufc@hotmail.com) on 2017-02-14T15:00:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_tese_rpsouza.pdf: 2560188 bytes, checksum: a2653b06ae7bab7192eb36a29814e9ee (MD5)
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A tese de doutorado Reabilitação Profissional no contexto de precarização do mundo do trabalho: um estudo de caso da formação profissional no programa REABILITA do INSS insere-se na temática das relações entre Pós-Modernidade e educação profissional, compreendendo as mudanças estruturais no sistema capitalista e no mundo do trabalho, que levaram a uma fragilidade das relações trabalhistas e da produção em geral. Esse direcionamento definido pelo atual sistema produtivo levaria também a baixos níveis de compromisso social representados em cortes nos investimentos sociais e na desregulamentação das legislações protetivas do trabalhador, dentre as quais se destaca a previdenciária. O estudo toma como aporte de reflexão as contribuições teóricas nas áreas da Filosofia da Educação, da Segurança do Trabalho e do Direito. Neste contexto, a Reabilitação Profissional, objeto do estudo, é compreendida como um serviço da Previdência Social hoje prestado por meio do Programa REABILITA, desenvolvido pelo Instituto Nacional de Seguro Social (INSS), em parceria com instituições e empresas do mercado. O Programa, em sua dimensão social, pretende constituir-se numa ação que visa a possibilitar aos segurados meios de reingressar no mercado de trabalho e no contexto social. Na dimensão econômica, mostra-se como alternativa legal para a redução de custos previdenciários com benefícios. O estudo tem como objetivo analisar o Programa de reabilitação proposto pelo INSS e a sua relação com a desregulamentação previdenciária no contexto da sociedade brasileira atual. A metodologia deu-se com uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, bem como um estudo de caso, composto por entrevista e questionários, realizados com representantes do INSS, empresa e segurados. O estudo conclui que a reabilitação é expressa como uma formação incipiente, a qual reproduz o sistema produtivo vigente com base na condição efêmera, na flexibilização e na informalidade do trabalho. A reabilitação, assim, configura-se como causa e efeito para as mudanças na legislação brasileira, resultando na desregulamentação previdenciária, que responsabiliza o trabalhador que sofreu acidente ou adquiriu uma doença por sua empregabilidade, sob pena de não continuar com os benefícios previdenciários. Tal reabilitação, oferece em contrapartida, no contexto da Previdência, um modelo de formação sem equipe multidisciplinar, com carência de base pedagógica e ausência de carga horária mínima, portanto, incompatível com a proposta de formação profissional no contexto da educação.
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Lebeer, Guy. "L'éthique dans la pratique: une unité de cancérologie en observation." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212528.
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Guedes, Maria Helena Delanesi. "O sentido do trabalho para a pessoa com deficiência física por lesão medular." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2010. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/17395.
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Previous issue date: 2010-05-28This study aims to investigate the sense of the work for disabled people by cord injury. Usually, the injury occurs abruptly, interrupting the evolution and on going life projects and, although imposes physical limitations, does not affect directly the cognitive functions, what could facilitate the resume of professional life. The quest is based in Social-Historical Psychology that allows to develop aspects about: deficiency, rehabilitation, cord injury, work, social inclusion/exclusion, training integration/inclusion, function and meaning of work for people with disabilities. The dialogue between a person and the society interferes in the production of the sense of work, as well as in the construction of its subjectivity, expressing itself in the relation with the environment and, therefore, in the process of professional insertion/inclusion. The rehabilitation process aims to empower the person, physically and psychically to (re)assume his/her place in the society, developing his/her social roles, highlighting the importance of the sense of work for the person who faces disability. The quest follows a qualitative approach with semi-structured interviews with three (3) patients from the Instituto de Medicina Física e Reabilitação do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo IMREA HCFMUSP. The apprehension of the constitution of the senses is done through the speech analysis, through the Meaning Cores ( Núcleos de Significação ) developed by Aguiar e Ozella (2006), aiming the comprehension of the phenomena in the interface with the professional insertion. Similarities and differences resulting from the experienced dialogue are highlighted, creating a unique and singular human being, however, with common aspects in his/her essence. The work is seen as a way to achieve the independence and autonomy with the major objective of selfassertiveness. The sense of the work is not isolated, but is part of the social reality that is presented without, nevertheless, loose its singularity
Este estudo tem por objetivo investigar o sentido do trabalho para pessoas com deficiência por lesão medular. Geralmente, a lesão ocorre de forma abrupta interrompendo a evolução e projetos de vida em curso e, embora imponha limitações físicas, não afeta diretamente as funções cognitivas, o que poderia facilitar a retomada da vida profissional. A pesquisa está apoiada na Psicologia Sócio- Histórica que possibilita desenvolver aspectos sobre: deficiência, reabilitação, lesão medular, trabalho, inclusão/exclusão social, inserção/inclusão profissional, função e sentido do trabalho para pessoas com deficiência. O diálogo entre indivíduo e sociedade interfere na produção de sentido do trabalho, bem como na construção de sua subjetividade, expressando-se na relação com o meio e, portanto, no processo de inserção/inclusão profissional. O processo de reabilitação visa potencializar o indivíduo, física e psiquicamente para (re)assumir seu lugar na sociedade desempenhando seus papéis sociais, ressaltando a importância do sentido do trabalho para o sujeito que encontra-se frente a deficiência. A pesquisa segue a metodologia qualitativa com entrevistas semi-dirigidas junto a 3 (três) pacientes do Instituto de Medicina Física e Reabilitação do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo IMREA HCFMUSP. A apreensão da constituição dos sentidos é feita pela análise de discurso, através dos Núcleos de Significação desenvolvidos por Aguiar e Ozella (2006), buscando a compreensão dos fenômenos na interface com a inserção profissional. Ressaltam-se semelhanças e diferenças resultantes do diálogo vivenciado, produzindo um ser único e singular, entretanto, com pontos comuns em sua essência. O trabalho é visto como um meio de alcançar a independência e a autonomia com o objetivo maior de auto-afirmação. O sentido do trabalho não se mostra isolado, mas sim como parte da realidade social que se lhe apresenta sem, entretanto, perder sua singularidade
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Schewinsky, Sandra Regina. "Imaginação criativa, memória e consciência: estudo com pessoas que sofreram traumatismo crânio encefálico." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2008. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/17253.
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Previous issue date: 2008-05-05Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
The objective of this study is to the verify the following hypoteses: a) creative imagination stimulation reduces the memory déficits in persons who have suffered a Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), b) the stimulation creative imagination and the memory déficits reduction are associated with the conscience level increase these persons. Many persons with TBI, mainly young people, have neuropsychological outcomes like by the memory and conscience. This ressearch is subsidized by basic concepts of social psychology presented in the work of Lev Semenovich Vygotsky, Alexander Romanovich Luria, Alexei Leontiev and from the reflections of George Mead, since these authors have analyzed the development of human psychological function though the perspective of society and culture. From this theoretical referential, the following aspects and analytical categories are detached, in agreement with the objectives of this study; the individual social genesis, human communication, creative imagination, memory, conscience, concepts formation and proximal development zone. It follows the nearly experimental orientation characterized by the case study, two young people attended in rehabilitation process, including a psychological treatment at the Department of Psychology, Division of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hospital das Clínicas, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo. The research consists in a psychological evaluation, in continuation the attendance whose objective is to stimulate the creative imagination of the person, with single activities and two persons participation, reinforcing the advantage of the work with Vygotsky s concept of proximal development zone, ending with the post-treatment psychological evaluation. The results suggest that the treatment for stimulation the imagination between the variables is inverse the increase in one of them reduces the other one, and the conscience has a synthesizings function for all the others, will be increased in this association. The research strengthens also the theoretical concepts of the mentioned authors above that mental functions act in interrelation and not isolately. The present study can collaborate with the psychological therapeutics which includes the neuropsychological rehabilitation
Esta pesquisa tem o objetivo de verificar as seguintes hipóteses: a) a estimulação da imaginação criativa diminui os déficits de memória em pessoas que sofreram Traumatismo Crânio Encefálico (TCE), b) a estimulação da imaginação criativa e a diminuição dos déficits de memória estão associadas à elevação do nível de consciência dos sujeitos vítimas de TCE. Um elevado número de pessoas, principalmente jovens, acometidas por esse traumatismo sofre de alterações neuropsicológicas, aquelas que afetam a memória e a consciência entre outras. Subsidiam esta investigação conceitos básicos da psicologia social extraídos da obra de Lev Semenovich Vygotsky, Alexander Romanovich Luria, Alexei Leontiev e das reflexões de George Mead, visto que esses autores analisaram o desenvolvimento das funções psicológicas humanas da perspectiva da sociedade e da cultura. Desse referencial teórico são destacados os seguintes aspectos e categorias analíticas, em consonância com os objetivos da pesquisa: gênese social do indivíduo, comunicação humana, imaginação criativa, memória, consciência, formação de conceitos e zona de desenvolvimento proximal. Esta pesquisa segue o delineamento quase-experimental caracterizado pelo estudo de caso, tendo dois jovens como sujeitos que realizaram processo de reabilitação incluindo o tratamento psicológico na Divisão de Medicina de Reabilitação do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo. A pesquisa consiste em avaliação psicológica, seguindo-se, então, o tratamento propriamente dito com objetivo de estimular a imaginação criativa dos sujeitos, incluindo atividades individuais e em dupla, reforçando a vantagem de se trabalhar com o conceito de zona de desenvolvimento proximal de Vygotsky, finalizando-se com a avaliação psicológica pós-tratamento. Os resultados sugerem que o tratamento de estimular a imaginação criativa trouxe benefícios aos sujeitos da pesquisa, confirmando as hipóteses de que a estimulação da imaginação está associada à redução dos déficits de memória, ou seja, a associação entre as variáveis é inversa, o aumento de uma diminui a outra, e que a consciência como função sintetizadora de todas as outras será aumentada nessa associação. O trabalho fortalece ainda os pressupostos dos autores citados de que as funções mentais atuam interrelacionadas, antes do que isoladamente. Pretende-se que a pesquisa presente possa colaborar com a terapêutica psicológica que engloba a reabilitação neuropsicológica
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Souza, Luciano Aparecido de. "Criminalidade juvenil: significados e sentidos para “reincidentes” em Medidas Socioeducativas de Internação no Estado do Paraná." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2016. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/2391.
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Esta investigação tem por objetivo analisar o significado e o sentido que “reincidentes” na Medida Socioeducativa de Internação paranaenses dão para a reincidência e a maneira pela qual reincidiram. Trata-se de uma abordagem qualiquantitativa, exploratória e descritiva, operacionalizada por meio da pesquisa bibliográfica e documental e da entrevista semi-estruturada. A orientação teóricometodológica de base empírica e documental que ilumina os procedimentos lógicos seguidos é a hermenêutica-dialética. A pesquisa descreve e contextualiza os principais instrumentos jurídico-normativos e teórico-praticos que atualmente regulamentam e informam, no Estado do Paraná, o tipo de intervenção estatal consubstanciada nas instituições, políticas, práticas profissionais e agentes especializados que compõem o Sistema Estadual de Atendimento Socioeducativo, apontado a conservação de uma estrutura material e institucional distintiva da modernidade penal, encoberta sob a perspectiva de uma “infância universal” e operacionalizada por um pretenso “reordenamento político-institucional” que ampliou o uso do encarceramento como resposta institucional à violência e à criminalidade juvenil partindo, primeiramente, da ideia de “reinserção” e, depois, de “prevenção” e gestão dos “fatores de risco”. Os resultados apontam uma seletividade penal focada na distinção de raça e classe, onde os “reincidentes” na Medida Socioeducativa de Internação representam 17,5% do total de adolescentes em “cumprimento” desta mesma Medida. Trata-se de jovens (92,7% entre 16 e 18 anos) não-brancos (61,8%), do sexo masculino (98,2%), com pouca escolaridade (74,5% na Fase II do Ensino Fundamental), excluídos do mercado de trabalho (81%), provenientes de famílias despossuídas (49% recebem entre 1 e 2 salários mínimos) e dos territórios precarizados dos grandes centros urbanos (80%). A “natureza” dos atos infracionais atribuídos aos “reincidentes” confirma a predominância de uma “criminalidade de rua” (76,3%) com destaque para os atos infracionais tipificados como crimes contra o patrimônio (roubo: 41,2%) e contra a incolumidade pública (tráfico de drogas: 21,4%). A chamada “criminalidade violenta” (crimes contra a pessoa) equivale a 13,4% de todos os atos infracionais atribuídos aos “reincidentes”. A investigação desvela que a privação de liberdade impede o acesso dos sujeitos a processos de socialização, pertencimento, reconhecimento e alteridade necessários à sua emancipação. Privilegiando a entrevista com “informantes-chave” e a constituição de suas trajetórias, vivências e experiências (tanto na relação com as instituições e organizações sociais quanto com as instituições de privação de liberdade), a investigação ratifica que a privação de liberdade, além de retirar o sujeito de seus círculos de relacionamentos e sistemas de trocas simbólicas, impedindo seu desenvolvimento pleno, reproduz injustiças sociais e estigmatizações, causando sofrimento inútil, alienação, controle, segregação e neutralização.This research aims to analyze the meaning and the sense that "recidivists" in Measure Socioeducative of deprivation of liberty paranaenses give to the recidivism and the manner in which they relapsed. This is a qualitative and quantitative, exploratory and descriptive approach, operationalized through the bibliographical and documentary research and through the semi-structured interview. The theoretical and methodological, empirical and documentary guidance that illuminates the logical procedures followed is the hermeneutics-dialectics. The research describes and contextualizes the main legal-normative and theoretical-practical instruments that currently regulates and inform, in the State of Paraná, the type of state intervention consubstantiated in institutions, policies, professional practices and specialized agents that comprise the Socioeducative System of the State of Paraná, pointing out conservation of a institutional and material structure of the penal modernity, hidden from the perspective of a "universal childhood" and operated by an alleged "politicalinstitutional reorganization" which extended the use of imprisonment as an a institutional response to the juvenile violence and crime, starting, first, of the idea of "resocialization" and, then of the ideas of "prevention" and management of "risk factors". The results indicate a criminal selectivity focused on race distinction and on class distinction, where the "recidivists" on Measure Socioeducative of deprivation of liberty represent 17.5% of adolescents in "fulfillment" of that same Measure Socioeducative. It is young (92.7% between 16 and 18 years) non-whites (61.8%), male (98.2%), with low education (74.5% in Phase II of the Elementary School ), excluded from the labor market (81%), from dispossessed families (49% receive between 1 and 2 minimum wages) and of precarious areas of large urban centers (80%). The "nature" of the infractions attributed to the "recidivists" confirms the predominance of a "street criminality" (76.3%) highlighting the illegal acts typified as crimes against property (robbery: 41.2%) and against public safety (drug trafficking: 21.4%). The so-called "violent crimes" (crimes against persons) equals to 13.4% of all infractions attributed to the "recidivists". The research shows that deprivation of freedom prevents access of individuals to the socialization processes, belonging, recognition and otherness necessary for their emancipation. Privileging the interview with "key informants" and the constitution of their trajectories and life experiences (both in relation to the institutions and social organizations and with the institutions of deprivation of liberty), the research confirms that the deprivation of liberty, besides withdraw the subject of the your circles of relationships and of the your symbolic exchanges systems, preventing their full development, reproduces social injustices and stigmatization, causing suffering unnecessary, alienation, control, segregation and neutralization.
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Makoloi, Justice Tshiamo. "An exploratory study of factors that contributed to substance abuse by service users' at Newlands Park Rehabilitation Centre." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/10159.
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Substance abuse is a major social problem with far-reaching implications. Substance abuse
is a critical problem in South Africa and across all segments of the population and in some
way, impacts on all members of our society. The challenge is to explain why people engage in behaviours that they know will harm them.
The aim of the study was to understand how people came to abuse substances, by exploring
the factors that contribute to substance abuse by recovering service users at Newlands Park
Rehabilitation Centre. The ecosystems perspective was used to guide the study. The study
used an exploratory design as it attempted to explore new insights into factors contributing
to substance abuse by service uses at Newlands Park Rehabilitation Centre.
A qualitative research was used to understand the reasons that govern this behavior.
Convenience sampling was used as a sampling technique. Ten participants were selected
from a group of twenty service users that were in their last week of the rehabilitation
program at Newlands Park Rehabilitation Centre. Semi-structured interviews were used as a
primary technique for data collection. The data was analyzed thematically.
The findings of the study reveal that there are several factors that led respondents’ to abuse
substances. These are intrapersonal factors that both initiated and maintained the abuse of
substances by respondents. The results from the study also show interpersonal and
environmental factors that contributed to respondents’ abuse of substances. It is
recommended that prevention and treatment programs for substance abuse take account of intrapersonal, interpersonal and environmental factors that contribute to substance abuse.Thesis (M.A.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2012.
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Van, Zyl Pieter Jacobus. "Die effek van geweld op maatskaplikewerk-dienslewering in geweldgeteisterde gebiede." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/7445.
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M.A.The aim of this study was to compare the effect of violence on the rendering of social work services in severely strife-torn areas with its effect in moderately strife-torn areas. The social workers in the Gauteng Department of Welfare and Population Development were divided into two groups according to the area in which they render services. 2. THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES OF VIOLENCE AND SOCIAL WORK A broad theoretical outline followed which consisted of the definition of violence, the rendering of social work services and crime. Furthermore attention was given to theories of violence and different types of violence. Then a description of violence in South Africa was given, followed by a layout of the many factors contributing to violence in South Africa. This section concluded with a description of violence in the rendering of social work services nationally and internationally. RESEARCH DESIGN The research concentrated on a comparative study which was undertaken between social workers rendering services in severely strife-torn areas and those rendering services in moderately strife-torn areas with regard to the effect violence had upon them in the rendering of services to clients. RESEARCH RESULTS Six types of hypotheses were postulated beforehand and these were then compared with information that was received from respondents from the two identified areas. The results may be summarised briefly as follows: Social workers in both strife-torn areas were prevented from visiting clients; they were prevented from going to work; their vehicles were hijacked; their vehicles were stoned often; they were abducted; they had to run away or hide; their service offices were damaged; they were late for work; their service offices had to close at times; there were times they felt that their families were in danger; they didn't want to visit clients living in certain areas; violence caused them to postpone dealing with other social problems; their relationships with their clients were strained; their clients were prevented from keeping appointments; their clients were mildly injured (no hospitalisation); their clients were seriously injured or killed; the social workers had to take leave as a result of violence; some of them possess licensed firearms (11 out of 81 social workers); they can testify to incidents where people were killed or seriously injured; they felt negative about the effect violence had on their rendering of social work services; and they were positive about the proposed ways to handle violent situations. In addition, when comparing these two areas, clients known to social workers in severely strife-torn areas can testify to more incidents where they witnessed people being killed or seriously injured, than those in moderately strife-torn areas; clients themselves were also injured more in the former than in the latter areas; and the social workers in the former areas felt that their families were in greater danger than those of their counterparts in moderately strife-torn areas. But the other variables was found not to be statistically significant. 5. RECOMENDATIONS The respondents' reaction to the proposed ways to handle violent situations led to the prioritisation of the following fourteen ways in descending order of importance: two-way radios or cellular telephones in vehicles; replacement of "G" by "T" registration of vehicles; verbal telephone codes to request assistance; in-service training in order to handle violent situations; awareness of high-risk procedures, for example the removing of a child; reporting and recording incidents of violence; retreating and getting away if possible; obtaining discreet police assistance; using conventional alarm systems; the proximity of a "stand-by" person; paired home-visits; pre-arranged interview interruptions; carrying a service firearm; and supervised office interviews. The above-mentioned ways of handling violent situations were then included in four main categories to form part of a safety strategy for this specific organisation.
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Steyn, Beatrix Hendrina. "The laryngectomy patient’s need for support groups in a hospital setting : a social work perspective." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2537.
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Thesis (M Social Work(Social Work))--University of Stellenbosch,2009.A laryngectomy is mostly indicated as treatment for an advanced stage of cancer of the larynx, during which the patient’s voice box is removed. This operation can hold major psycho-social implications for the patient and family. To cope with the challenges in daily life, patients need social support. A lack of available literature and research regarding the role of the social worker in facilitating support groups for these patients and families was identified and motivated this research study. The goal of the study was to gain a better understanding of the laryngectomy patient’s need for support groups in a hospital setting when attending the follow-up clinic at the hospital. A combination of both the exploratory and descriptive research designs together with a combination of mainly a qualitative and to a certain extent the quantitative research approaches, was used. From this, knowledge, insight and an understanding of the need for support groups in a hospital setting from a social work perspective were obtained. Permission to conduct the proposed study was granted by the Committee for Human Research at the University of Stellenbosch. The literature study first focused on medical aspects of a laryngectomy and social work intervention services within a hospital setting as part of the multi-disciplinary approach. Second, psycho-social effects of a laryngectomy from an ecological perspective were discussed, referring to the physical, social and psychological effects of surgery upon the patient and family. Third, support and aftercare were discussed with specific reference to the role of the social worker in offering social support to the patient and family. For the empirical study, twenty laryngectomy patients from the service area of Tygerberg Hospital were involved from January 2008 to May 2008. Criteria for inclusion in the study referred to patients who had their operation not less than three months previously, attended the support group during follow-up visits at the hospital and who had successfully acquired tragea-oesophageal speech. Based on the literature review, a semi-structured questionnaire and face-to-face interview were used as research instruments to overcome the limitation of illiteracy. The results of the investigation mainly confirmed the findings of the literature study namely that laryngectomy patients can benefit from support groups in order to address their need for social support in dealing with daily life challenges. Patients indicated that they mainly needed information regarding post-operative adaptation as this was where problems were mostly experienced. The majority of patients suggested the use of support groups in this regard. Focus was placed on an exploration and description of patients’ needs for such support groups. Benefits of support groups were found to be totally compatible with the role of the social worker. The results therefore gave an indication of social work intervention services and referred to: provision of information, problem-solving, offer of social and emotional support, and promotion of rehabilitation opportunities, thereby improving the patient’s quality of life. Recommendations were aimed at social work intervention services relating to support and aftercare offered to laryngectomy patients and relatives. Future research to develop social work programmes for health care professionals in order to effectively support these patients and their families was proposed. From practical experience of support groups a study regarding the role of pre- and primary schoolchildren or grandchildren in the rehabilitation of laryngectomy patients was also suggested.
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Miller, Atholl Jonathan. "Alcohol use and the availability of supportive services in a white urban community." Thesis, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/2437.
Full textAbstract:
This study identifies the alcohol intaKe patterns of 274
white patients attending an Urban General Practice. The average consumption rate was 6.5 drinKs per person per weeK
(d/p/w). 40X of the surveyed group did not consume any
alcohol. The drinkers averaged 11 dIp/wo 72X of the males drank and 501: of the females dranK. 4.31: of the population
surveyed were drinking more than 28 dIp/wo Marital status made no real difference to consumption rates but unemployment
(16 d/p/w) and being a manual labourer (11.7 d/p/w) did.
People who had lost either their occupation (11.7 d/p/w) or a close family member (9.3 d/p/w) in the preceeding year had
higher than average (6,5 d/p/w) consumption levels and these were increased further if they had identified an alcohol abuser in their family.
This study also identifies the useful supportive services available to this particular community and its health care
worKers with a brief discussion of the type of service
prOVided and method of access to the service. The appendix contains a list of the services with the relevant address.
telephone number and where possible the name of a contact person.Thesis (M.Prax.Med.)-University of Natal, Durban, 1986.
46
"The multiple meanings of drug addiction: a case study of a local Christianity drug rehabilitation camp." 2005. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5896433.
Full textAbstract:
Tsen Wai Sing.Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2005.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 307-317).
Abstracts in English and Chinese.
Abstract --- p.i
Acknowledgements --- p.v
Content --- p.vii
Chapter Chapter 1: --- Introduction --- p.1
Chapter Section I: --- Theoretical models and Research Issues of Drug Addiction
Chapter Chapter 2: --- Theoretical models of Drug Addiction --- p.10
Chapter 2.1 --- The concepts of ´بDrug Addiction' --- p.11
Chapter 2.2 --- Drug Addiction Models --- p.13
Chapter 2.2.1 --- Moral Model --- p.13
Chapter 2.2.2 --- Disease Model --- p.14
Chapter 2.2.3 --- Psychoanalytic Approach --- p.15
Chapter 2.2.4 --- Social Learning Model --- p.16
Chapter 2.2.5 --- Socio-cultural Model --- p.17
Chapter 2.2.6 --- Cognitive Model --- p.18
Chapter 2.2.7 --- Identity Model --- p.19
Chapter 2.3 --- "Symbolic Interactionism on ´بDeviant Identity´ة: Self, Identity and Transformation" --- p.20
Chapter 2.3.1 --- Five Central roles of Symbolic Interactionism --- p.21
Chapter 2.3.2 --- The Nature of Self --- p.24
Chapter 2.3.3 --- "Self-Communication, Self-perception, Self-Control and Identity" --- p.25
Chapter 2.3.4 --- Symbolic Interactionism in the study of 'Drug Addiction' --- p.28
Chapter Chapter 3: --- The Research Issues on 'Drug Addiction' --- p.32
Chapter 3.1 --- The ´بMyth´ة of Addiction --- p.32
Chapter 3.2 --- ´بAddiction´ة as a Social and Contextual ´بLabel，？ --- p.35
Chapter 3.3 --- The Paradox of ´بScientific，evidence on drug addiction --- p.36
Chapter 3.3.1 --- ´بAddictive Substance' vs. 'Non-Addictive Substance' --- p.37
Chapter 3.3.2 --- Craving and Withdrawal: 'Have to' vs. ´بWant to' --- p.38
Chapter 3.4 --- The Very Nature of Drug Problem --- p.40
Chapter 3.5 --- A Theoretical basis for the Research Concern on Religious Discourses in formulating Addicts ´ة Identity --- p.41
Chapter Section II: --- General Figure of Local Youth Drug Abuse and Drug Rehabilitation
Chapter Chapter 4: --- Present Situation of Youth Drug Addiction in Hong Kong --- p.46
Chapter 4.1 --- General Historical Background of Drug Addiction in Hong Kong --- p.47
Chapter 4.2 --- Recent Trend of Drug Addiction in Hong Kong --- p.49
Chapter 4.3 --- Recent Youth Drug Addiction Profile - the Rise of Psychotropic Substances --- p.51
Chapter 4.4 --- Youth Attitudes on Drug Addiction --- p.53
Chapter 4.5 --- Rave Culture' and Psychotropic Drugs Addiction --- p.55
Chapter 4.6 --- Cross Border Drug Addiction in Youth Community --- p.57
Chapter Chapter 5: --- Drug Treatment and Rehabilitation - Principles and Practices --- p.61
Chapter 5.1 --- Treatment Goals in Rehabilitation --- p.61
Chapter 5.2 --- The Ultimate Goal of Treatment: Recovery --- p.62
Chapter 5.3 --- Major Treatment Modes --- p.64
Chapter 5.3.1 --- Detoxification --- p.64
Chapter 5.3.2 --- Outpatient Drug-free Treatment --- p.64
Chapter 5.3.3 --- Self-help Groups --- p.65
Chapter 5.3.4 --- Methadone Maintenance --- p.65
Chapter 5.3.5 --- Residential Treatment --- p.66
Chapter 5.4 --- Treatments and Rehabilitation in Hong Kong --- p.68
Chapter 5.4.1 --- Methadone Treatment Program in Hong Kong --- p.68
Chapter 5.4.2 --- Compulsory Drug Treatment Scheme --- p.69
Chapter 5.4.3 --- Voluntary Residential Treatment and Rehabilitation Programs --- p.70
Chapter 5.4.4 --- Substance Abuse Clinics --- p.73
Chapter 5.5 --- Religion-based Drug Treatment and Rehabilitation --- p.73
Chapter Section III: --- Lifestyle Changes in the Research Field
Chapter Chapter 6: --- Research Field and Methodology --- p.76
Chapter 6.1 --- Why study Christianity drug rehabilitation? --- p.76
Chapter 6.2 --- Why choosing the Christian New Being Fellowship (CNBF)? --- p.78
Chapter 6.3 --- Getting into the field --- p.79
Chapter 6.4 --- Basic Information about Christian New Being Fellowship --- p.81
Chapter 6.4.1 --- Historical Background of the CNBF --- p.82
Chapter 6.4.2 --- Treatment Stages in the CNBF --- p.83
Chapter 6.4.3 --- Training Programs in the CNBF --- p.86
Chapter 6.4.4 --- Recently development of anti-drug campaign in the CNBF --- p.87
Chapter 6.5 --- Methodology --- p.88
Chapter 6.5.1 --- Participant Observation --- p.91
Chapter 6.5.2 --- In-depth Interviews: the CNBF trainees --- p.95
Chapter 6.5.3 --- "In-depth Interviews: Ex-addicts helper, preacher and social workers" --- p.96
Chapter Chapter 7 --- Getting Started --- p.99
Chapter 7.1 --- ´بBartering，-the Start --- p.99
Chapter 7.2 --- Detoxification period - Involuntary Stay in Rehabilitation Camp --- p.102
Chapter 7.3 --- ´بScheduled life´ة in the CNBF --- p.104
Chapter 7.4 --- Life with Limited Resources --- p.108
Chapter Chapter 8: --- A Dull Life --- p.112
Chapter 8.1 --- ´بStandardization´ة of living --- p.113
Chapter 8.2 --- Detachment from Outside World --- p.114
Chapter 8.3 --- Jail is better than here！´ة --- p.116
Chapter 8.4 --- ´بNo more pretty girls!' --- p.118
Chapter 8.5 --- ´بBeware of what you speak！´ة --- p.121
Chapter 8.6 --- Religious Practices - the core hardness? --- p.122
Chapter 8.7 --- Responsibilities in Everyday life --- p.125
Chapter 8.8 --- ´بWe can tackle...´ة --- p.127
Chapter Section IV: --- Discursive Strategy in the Rehabilitation Camp
Chapter Chapter 9 --- Ways to Tackle --- p.129
Chapter 9.1 --- ´بYou are not in-group！， --- p.129
Chapter 9.2 --- To be a member of the ´بin-group， --- p.135
Chapter 9.3 --- Ways to Tackle --- p.138
Chapter 9.3.1 --- The main principle: Identify ´بWho can help?， --- p.139
Chapter 9.3.2 --- A Preliminary Try: How to get the body care products I want? --- p.140
Chapter 9.3.3 --- "´بYou can get cigarettes, soft drinks and cup noodles here!'" --- p.141
Chapter 9.3.4 --- The technique of smoking in the CNBF --- p.142
Chapter 9.3.5 --- Singing pop songs - A ´بsoft´ة way of tackle and opposition --- p.143
Chapter 9.3.6 --- To get contact with outside world --- p.144
Chapter 9.3.7 --- Tackle with the boring assembly and biblical studies --- p.144
Chapter 9.3.8 --- Last way to tackle: Run Away! --- p.145
Chapter 9.4 --- Ways to Tackle: An 'Underground Community' threatens the Fellowship Health --- p.146
Chapter Chapter 10 --- In Response to Jesus --- p.149
Chapter 10.1 --- The 'Underground Community' --- p.150
Chapter 10.2 --- Study of Discourses in rehabilitation camp --- p.152
Chapter 10.3 --- Theoretical Perspective in Discourse Analysis in Drug Rehabilitation Camp --- p.154
Chapter 10.4 --- John Booth Davies (1997): Drugspeak --- p.156
Chapter 10.5 --- Typology of Discourses in rehabilitation camp --- p.159
Chapter 10.5.1 --- Let it go' discourse --- p.161
Chapter 10.5.2 --- Destiny' discourse --- p.162
Chapter 10.5.3 --- ´بFlexibility´ة discourse --- p.163
Chapter 10.5.4 --- ´بGet through' discourse --- p.164
Chapter 10.6 --- A Shrinking Private Space --- p.166
Chapter 10.7 --- Possible explanation of the 'Ways to Tackle' --- p.167
Chapter Section V: --- The Multiple Meanings of Drug Addiction
Chapter Chapter 11 --- Heroin，vs. “Non-heroin，Drug Experience --- p.173
Chapter 11.1 --- Brief Review about the ten trainee informants --- p.176
Chapter 11.2 --- Descriptions of 'Heroin' and 'Non-heroin' drug experience --- p.178
Chapter 11.3 --- Descriptions on 'pleasant' effect of drugs --- p.180
Chapter 11.4 --- The presence / absence of 'Withdrawal' symptoms --- p.181
Chapter 11.5 --- The descriptions of 'Addiction' --- p.185
Chapter 11.6 --- Non-volitional vs. Volitional nature of drug use --- p.187
Chapter 11.7 --- ´بPhysiological Addiction'(身癮）vs. ´بPsychological Addiction' (心癮） --- p.190
Chapter 11.8 --- Functional use vs. Non-functional use of drugs --- p.193
Chapter 11.9 --- Positive vs. Negative attitude towards past drug experience --- p.196
Chapter 11.10 --- Challenges to the Christianity Discourse --- p.199
Chapter Chapter 12 --- The Meanings of 'Drug Addiction' --- p.202
Chapter 12.1 --- The meanings of ´بDrug， --- p.203
Chapter 12.1.1 --- ´بDrug´ة as the means of 'normal habitual use' --- p.204
Chapter 12.1.2 --- Drug' is not necessarily 'harmful' --- p.206
Chapter 12.1.3 --- ´بDrug，is only 'Devil' when it refers to ´بHeroin´ة --- p.208
Chapter 12.2 --- The meanings of ´بAddiction´ة --- p.211
Chapter 12.2.1 --- The definitions of 'Psychological Addiction' --- p.212
Chapter 12.2.2 --- ´بAddiction，means 'Physical Dependence' and 'Withdrawal' --- p.216
Chapter 12.2.3 --- ´بHeroin addiction´ة is the real ´بAddiction´ة --- p.217
Chapter 12.2.4 --- "´بHeroin Addiction´ة is 'Sinful', but 'Psychological Addiction' is not" --- p.219
Chapter 12.3 --- The preferred meaning of ´بDrug Addiction' --- p.221
Chapter Chapter 13 --- The Practices of 'Love' and “Heal， --- p.223
Chapter 13.1 --- Presenting the 'Love，and ´بHeal´ة --- p.225
Chapter 13.1.1 --- Christianity as ´بa whole lifestyle change' --- p.226
Chapter 13.1.2 --- Building up a ´بRole Model' --- p.228
Chapter 13.1.3 --- Health and Legal Appeal --- p.230
Chapter 13.1.4 --- ´بPrayer´ة as the most explicit demonstration --- p.232
Chapter 13.1.5 --- ´بHuman Sin' and ´بHeal´ة as the core concept of Christianity --- p.233
Chapter 13.2 --- Oppositional attitudes towards the Christianity --- p.237
Chapter 13.2.1 --- Christianity as the set of ´بRules and Regulations' --- p.237
Chapter 13.2.2 --- Christianity as ´بtoo mystic' --- p.239
Chapter 13.2.3 --- Christianity as a ´بFunctional tool' for 'survival' --- p.240
Chapter 13.2.4 --- Opposition to Health Appeal --- p.241
Chapter 13.2.5 --- Oppositions to the Discourse of ´بSin' --- p.242
Chapter 13.3 --- Christianity Discourse and ´بOut-dated Heroin Discourse' --- p.244
Chapter 13.4 --- Christianity still functions --- p.249
Chapter Chapter 14 --- Summary and Conclusion -Volitional Nature of Drug Use in New Generation --- p.253
Chapter 14.1 --- Summary --- p.253
Chapter 14.2 --- Symbolic Interactionsim and the Social Self --- p.263
Chapter 14.3 --- Major Findings on 'Drug Addiction' --- p.266
Chapter 14.4 --- Answers to Research Questions --- p.268
Chapter 14.5 --- Limitations --- p.271
Chapter 14.6 --- Implications --- p.273
Appendix I - Socio-demographic profile of trainee informants and interview report --- p.278
Appendix II 一 Socio-demographic profiles of the CNBF guides informants and interview report --- p.291
Appendix III - A Selected Glossary of the CNBF trainees --- p.299
Appendix VI - Interview schedule for the trainees informants --- p.301
Appendix V - Interview schedule for the CNBF guides --- p.303
Bibliography --- p.307
47
Imrie, Jina. "A social constructionist re-conceptualisation of adolescent delinquency." Diss., 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/656.
Full textAbstract:
Available literature reveals that most prevalently delinquency has been viewed from a modernist perspective. However, as cybernetic epistemology increased its stronghold within the field of psychology, explanations became increasingly systemic in nature. In this study a literature review is presented which articulates these approaches. This critique is followed by a comprehensive consideration of
delinquency from a social constructionist stance as an alternative to modernist and early cybernetic perspectives. Examples are provided as to possible ways in which the label "delinquency" evolves within an interpersonal context, as well as the ways in which the meaning engendered is linked to broader cultural discourses. It has been acknowledged that this does not constitute the social constructionist perspective on delinquency, but represents some challenging
ideas about how delinquency is co-created between people. Implications for therapy and research are also discussed.Psychology
M.A. (Clinical Psychology)
48
Engelbrecht, Gerhardus Johannes. "The performance of hope : the social construction of self stories embedded in God-stories in the context of a short-term rehabilitation programme for addiction." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/4649.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of the research, which shaped the research question, was exploring the social construction of cultural stories of substance abuse and the difference that God-stories can make in these circumstances. The research is about the difference that the positioning of the self in the biblical and Christ-stories, the stories of faith, can make in the construction of self-stories in the context of substance abuse.
This study thus studied the social construction of self-stories embedded in God-stories in the context of a short-term rehabilitation programme for addiction. I had conversations with 12 participants in Ramot, a rehabilitation centre for alcohol and drug addiction in Parow, Cape Town in the year 2005. A narrative approach was followed, because it is particularly suited to exploring the interaction between stories of identity or self-stories, stories of faith or God-stories, and stories of the struggle with substance abuse. The concept of stories opens up issues and ideas that initially seem to be fixed „realities‟ to change, as alternative meanings can be applied and stories can be told differently in different contexts. This approach therefore correlates with people‟s lived experience. Stories as texts are constitutive of our worlds, but are open to re-visioning and editing. With regard to problematic stories, hope can thus be performed in telling stories differently (recognising different contexts) or in telling different stories (previously marginalised texts).
The main body of the research is a theoretical consideration of the way self-stories, God-stories and the stories of a struggle with substance abuse are socially constructed. Particular attention is paid to the way in which self-stories are socially constructed, because that is the basis for the narrative approach adopted in the research. This includes the postmodern, social constructionist and poststructuralist emphasis on the discursive positioning of the self, with the alternative positionings that this makes possible. Religion/spirituality are explored as part of the narrative resources or context that contribute to the social construction of self-stories. For a believer, this relationship with God through biblical stories informs other relationships and influences the construction of the person‟s self-stories.This research report therefore also reflects a critical interaction between the contemporary situation in respect of the struggle with substance abuse and the stories of the Christian tradition for the sake of improved praxis by the faith community.Systematic Theology & Theological Ethics
D. Th.
49
Mwaura, Joseph M. "Sustainable control of invasive alien vegetation : perceptions of stakeholders of the Empofana Riparian Rehabilitation Project." Thesis, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/4941.
Full textAbstract:
The eMpofana riparian rehabilitation project (eMRRP) is a pilot project started by
Umgeni Water (UW) to demonstrate how effective the removal of invasive alien
vegetation is in improving the water yield of a catchment. The disturbance of the
country's vulnerable wetland and riparian zones is a major factor contributing to water·
stress. The study area was eMpofana riparian areas of Kwazulu-Natal midlands.
The study was conducted to establish perceptions of property owners and project
employees on eMpofana riparian rehabilitation project with regard to control of
invasive alien vegetation. Apart from· these two categories of stakeholders, others
whose perceptions were included in the study are one official each from MONDI,
SAPPI, the National Working for Water Programme (WFWP) and Kwazulu Natal
Nature Conservation Services. However, property owners and project employees were·
the main respondents of study.
Although all .stakeholders play a crucial role in the project, property owners were
selected because clearing takes place on their properties. Similarly project employees
perceptions were vital as they are physically involved in clearing invader species and
are direct beneficiaries of the project through job creation;
To enable interviewees to give their perceptions on various steps on the project cycle;
the following key issues were selected; Awareness, Process, Water, Biodiversity,
. Tourism, Capacity building, Support, and Sustainability of control of alien invasive
plants. Based on these key issues, a questionnaire was drawn. There were fifty-two
respondents: 25 property owners and 27 project employees..
The approach used in the study was survey research, and social science methods were
employed. Survey research was chosen for this research because of its capacity to
provide appropriate data on perceptions of stakeholders of the eMpofana project. The
method is useful in a variety of situations such as providing solution to a problem of
public policy, provide required data for managing a business or simply for testing
hypotheses developed by scientists in the social world.
The questions on awareness of the eMpofana riparian rehabilitation project (eMRRP).
and the National Working for Water Programme{WFWP) revealed low awareness
levels of the two projects. Almost half (48%) property owners indicated little awareness
of the national WFWP and almost the same percentage i.e. 42% had little
awareness of the provincial WFWP. Also 96% of eMpofana project employees
indicated no awareness of the WFW national level and 70% said they were not aware
of the WFW provincial level. Given that WFW is a national programme with over
200 alien plant control progratmhes countrywide, one wonder why awareness was so
low among the respondents.
As for involvement in the project conceptualisation, none of the respondents
interviewed indicated involvement in that project phase. However all the project
employees indicated that the project was successful (85% very successful and 15%
successful). Fifty six per cent property ~wners indicated very strong 'support mainlybecause ofreestablishment
of biodiversity through ridding the riparian areas of iilvader species.
Ninety-five per cent of the project workers indicated that UW solely supports the
eMpofana project and that that support is mainly financial.
As for job creation, 88% project workers were of the view that eMpofana riparian
project was very successful in creating jobs.
It is worth noting that both property owners and the employees shared the same view
on water users and project employees being the main beneficiaries of the project. The
impact of clearing invader species oil water by the eMRRP was rated as being very
significant. Moreover, 52% employees and 44% property owners felt that the
project's main beneficiaries were water users in the cities and property owners
themselves.
As for linkage with the National WFW programme, the perceptions of property
owners and project employees revealed a general preference for eMpofana project to
continue running independently. On. succesSes achieved in various project phases,
most property owners felt the planning phase of the project was the most successful,
even though most of them were not involved in the phase. Thirty per cent of the
employees felt execution was successful followed by financing, 30%.
As the responses from both property owners and employees show, most respondents
(property owners and project employees) were of the view that the project goal of
reinstating biological diversity was very important. The property owners were of the
view that the re-establishment of the naturalness of the area would contribute
favourably towards tourism in the area, which they rated very high. The rating
explain why property owners also rated biodiversity conservation and the naturalness
of the area equally high.
On the other hand, Umgeni Water's top priority is water security and the differing
priorities between UWs and eMRRP could be seen as a weakness of the project.
However, as a holistic view of biodiversity conservation necessitates protection of
water resource in the area, the difference could be synchronised to become a strength
ofthe eMRRP (see recommendations).
The eMRRP has opportunities on a number of areas such as the opportunity to
participate in the national campain on control of invader species by teaming up with
WFWP and other stakeholders. Also joinirig this partnership would accord eMRRP
stakeholders the pride of contributing to the national campaign on control of invader
species.
Although there is marked success made by UW in planning, financial support, job
creation, gender equity in the eMRRP, there is need to address sustainability of the
project.
In conclusion, it is clear that the eMRRP started off with most stakeholders having
low awareness ofits activities and those ofWFW Programme. However, by clearing
invasive alien plants in eMpofana riparian areas, the project has gained support from
property owners and its employees. Property owners support the project mainly
because of possible re-establishment of naturalness of the area (biological diversity)
and the employees give their support mainly because of the employment that they
receive. However, the goal of sustainability of the eMRRP is likely to remain elusive
as long as priorities are not harmonised: property owners' priority (based on benefits
drawn) is biodiversity conservation whereas that of UW is water security.Thesis (M.Env.Dev.)-University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2000.
50
Niedbala, Steven Alexander. "Techniques of Carceral Reproduction: Architecture and the Prison System in the United States, 1799-1978." Thesis, 2020. https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-3zxg-jc66.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation describes the role of architects in the development of the prison system in the United States. In the late eighteenth century, penologists sought to standardize conditions in penal institutions and to develop reliable methods for the social conditioning of inmates. Architects designed prisons that embodied the standards of penal theory, arguing that the form of an institution could serve as a powerful means of assuring that prison routine adhered to the dictates of modern penology. While early prison architects focused upon the development of a standard institutional type, the growth of the penal bureaucracy in the twentieth century forced them to develop a structural vocabulary commensurate with the scale of the modern prison system. They broke the prison down into a series of flexible components, each of which could function effectively in diverse institutional contexts. As criminologists sought to address the ostensible urban crisis in the 1960s, moreover, architects envisioned the extension of the new carceral infrastructure to the city.
These techniques served the standardization of the prison system in the twentieth century. Like the early prison architects, modern designers sought to make each element of their structural vocabulary determinative of the activities of inmates and guards in penal institutions. By freeing these elements from the compositional order of early penal institutions, moreover, architects facilitated the rapid expansion of the prison system and the extension of carceral space into new contexts. By the 1970s, the refinement of advanced techniques for the construction of prisons meant that architects no longer played a pivotal role in shaping the prison system. As legal policymakers abandoned rehabilitative penology and emphasized the punitive function of confinement, the techniques of efficient prison construction developed by architects served a massive institutional building campaign whose sole justification was the incapacitation and segregation of the inmate population.