Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Regroupement de séries temporelles'
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Gagnon, Jean-François. "Prévision humaine de séries temporelles." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25243.
Full textHmamouche, Youssef. "Prédiction des séries temporelles larges." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0480.
Full textNowadays, storage and data processing systems are supposed to store and process large time series. As the number of variables observed increases very rapidly, their prediction becomes more and more complicated, and the use of all the variables poses problems for classical prediction models.Univariate prediction models are among the first models of prediction. To improve these models, the use of multiple variables has become common. Thus, multivariate models and become more and more used because they consider more information.With the increase of data related to each other, the application of multivariate models is also questionable. Because the use of all existing information does not necessarily lead to the best predictions. Therefore, the challenge in this situation is to find the most relevant factors among all available data relative to a target variable.In this thesis, we study this problem by presenting a detailed analysis of the proposed approaches in the literature. We address the problem of prediction and size reduction of massive data. We also discuss these approaches in the context of Big Data.The proposed approaches show promising and very competitive results compared to well-known algorithms, and lead to an improvement in the accuracy of the predictions on the data used.Then, we present our contributions, and propose a complete methodology for the prediction of wide time series. We also extend this methodology to big data via distributed computing and parallelism with an implementation of the prediction process proposed in the Hadoop / Spark environment
Hugueney, Bernard. "Représentations symboliques de longues séries temporelles." Paris 6, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA066161.
Full textNowakowski, Samuel. "Détection de défauts dans les séries temporelles." Nancy 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NAN10074.
Full textHaykal, Vanessa. "Modélisation des séries temporelles par apprentissage profond." Thesis, Tours, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOUR4019.
Full textTime series prediction is a problem that has been addressed for many years. In this thesis, we have been interested in methods resulting from deep learning. It is well known that if the relationships between the data are temporal, it is difficult to analyze and predict accurately due to non-linear trends and the existence of noise specifically in the financial and electrical series. From this context, we propose a new hybrid noise reduction architecture that models the recursive error series to improve predictions. The learning process fusessimultaneouslyaconvolutionalneuralnetwork(CNN)andarecurrentlongshort-term memory network (LSTM). This model is distinguished by its ability to capture globally a variety of hybrid properties, where it is able to extract local signal features, to learn long-term and non-linear dependencies, and to have a high noise resistance. The second contribution concerns the limitations of the global approaches because of the dynamic switching regimes in the signal. We present a local unsupervised modification with our previous architecture in order to adjust the results by adapting the Hidden Markov Model (HMM). Finally, we were also interested in multi-resolution techniques to improve the performance of the convolutional layers, notably by using the variational mode decomposition method (VMD)
Jabbari, Ali. "Encodage visuel composite pour les séries temporelles." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAM035/document.
Full textTime series are one of the most common types of recorded data in various scientific, industrial, and financial domains. Depending on the context, time series analysis are used for a variety of purposes: forecasting, estimation, classification, and trend and event detection. Thanks to the outstanding capabilities of human visual perception, visualization remains one of the most powerful tools for data analysis, particularly for time series. With the increase in data sets' volume and complexity, new visualization techniques are clearly needed to improve data analysis. They aim to facilitate visual analysis in specified situations, tasks, or for unguided exploratory analysis.Visualization is based upon visual mapping, which consists in association of data values to visual channels, e.g. position, size, and color of the graphical elements. In this regard, the most familiar form of time series visualization, i.e. line charts, consists in a mapping of data values to the vertical position of the line. However, a single visual mapping is not suitable for all situations and analytical objectives.Our goal is to introduce alternatives to the conventional visual mapping and find situations in which, the new approach compensate for the simplicity and familiarity of the existing techniques. We present a review of the existing literature on time series visualization and then, we focus on the existing approaches to visual mapping.Next, we present our contributions. Our first contribution is a systematic study of a "composite" visual mapping which consists in using combinations of visual channels to communicate different facets of a time series. By means of several user studies, we compare our new visual mappings with an existing reference technique and we measure users' speed and accuracy in different analytical tasks. Our results show that the new visual designs lead to analytical performances close to those of the existing techniques without being unnecessarily complex or requiring training. Also, some of the proposed mappings outperform the existing techniques in space constraint situations. Space efficiency is of great importance to simultaneous visualization of large volumes of data or visualization on small screens. Both scenarios are among the current challenges in information visualization
Assaad, Charles. "Découvertes de relations causales entre séries temporelles." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Grenoble Alpes, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021GRALM019.
Full textThis thesis aims to give a broad coverage of central concepts and principles of causation and in particular the ones involved in the emerging approaches to causal discovery from time series.After reviewing concepts and algorithms, we first present a new approach that infer a summary graph of the causal system underlying the observational time series while relaxing the idealized setting of equal sampling rates and discuss the assumptions underlying its validity. The gist of our proposal lies in the introduction of the causal temporal mutual information measure that can detect the independence and the conditional independence between two time series, and in making an apparent connection between entropy and the probability raising principle that can be used for building new rules for the orientation of the direction of causation. Moreover, through the development of this base method, we propose several extensions, namely to handle hidden confounders, to infer a window causal graph given a summary graph, and to consider sequences instead of time series.Secondly, we focus on the discovery of causal relations from a statistical distribution that is not entirely faithful to the real causal graph and on distinguishing a common cause from an intermediate cause even in the absence of a time indicator. The key aspect of our answer to this problem is the reliance on the additive noise principle to infer a directed supergraph that contains the causal graph. To converge toward the causal graph, we use in a second step a new measure called the temporal causation entropy that prunes for each node of the directed supergraph, the parents that are conditionally independent of their child. Furthermore, we explore complementary extensions of our second base method that involve a pairwise strategy which reduces through multitask learning and a denoising technique, the number of functions that need to be estimated. We perform an extensive experimental comparison of the proposed algorithms on both synthetic and real datasets and demonstrate their promising practical performance: gaining in time complexity while preserving accuracy
Claeys, Emmanuelle. "Clusterisation incrémentale, multicritères de données hétérogènes pour la personnalisation d’expérience utilisateur." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAD039.
Full textIn many activity sectors (health, online sales,...) designing from scratch an optimal solution for a defined problem (finding a protocol to increase the cure rate, designing a web page to promote the purchase of one or more products,...) is often very difficult or even impossible. In order to face this difficulty, designers (doctors, web designers, production engineers,...) often work incrementally by successive improvements of an existing solution. However, defining the most relevant changes remains a difficult problem. Therefore, a solution adopted more and more frequently is to compare constructively different alternatives (also called variations) in order to determine the best one by an A/B Test. The idea is to implement these alternatives and compare the results obtained, i.e. the respective rewards obtained by each variation. To identify the optimal variation in the shortest possible time, many test methods use an automated dynamic allocation strategy. Its allocate the tested subjects quickly and automatically to the most efficient variation, through a learning reinforcement algorithms (as one-armed bandit methods). These methods have shown their interest in practice but also limitations, including in particular a latency time (i.e. a delay between the arrival of a subject to be tested and its allocation) too long, a lack of explicitness of choices and the integration of an evolving context describing the subject's behaviour before being tested. The overall objective of this thesis is to propose a understable generic A/B test method allowing a dynamic real-time allocation which take into account the temporals static subjects’s characteristics
Frambourg, Cédric. "Apprentissage d'appariements pour la discrimination de séries temporelles." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00948989.
Full textEl, Ghini Ahmed. "Contribution à l'identification de modèles de séries temporelles." Lille 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LIL30017.
Full textThis PhD dissertation consists of two parts dealing with the probelms of identification and selection in econometrics. Two mains topics are considered : (1) time series model identification by using (inverse) autocorrelation and (inverse) partial autocorrelation functions ; (2) estimation of inverse autocorrelation function in the framework of nonlinear tima series. The two parts are summarized below. In the first part of this work, we consider time series model identification y using (inverse) autocorrelation and (inverse) partial autocorrelation functions. We construct statistical tests based on estimators of these functions and establish their asymptotic distribution. Using Bahadur and Pitman approaches, we compare the performance of (inverse) autocorelations and (inverse) partial autocorrelations in detecting the order of moving average and autoregressive model. Next, we study the identification of the inverse process of an ARMA model and their probalistic properties. Finally, we characterize the time reversibility by means of the dual and inverse processes. The second part is devoted to estimation of the inverse autocorrelation function in the framework of nonlinear time series. Undes some regularity conditions, we study the asymptotic properties of empirical inverse autocorrelations for stationary and strongly mixing process. We establish the consistency and the asymptotic normality of the estimators. Next, we consider the case of linear process with GARCH errors and obtain means of some examples that the standard formula can be misleading if the generating process is non linear. Finally, we apply our previous results to prove the asymptotic normality of the parameter estimates of weak moving average. Our results are illustrated by Monte Carlo experiments and real data experiences
Guillemé, Maël. "Extraction de connaissances interprétables dans des séries temporelles." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019REN1S102.
Full textEnergiency is a company that sells a platform to allow manufacturers to analyze their energy consumption data represented in the form of time series. This platform integrates machine learning models to meet customer needs. The application of such models to time series encounters two problems: on the one hand, some classical machine learning approaches have been designed for tabular data and must be adapted to time series, on the other hand, the results of some approaches are difficult for end users to understand. In the first part, we adapt a method to search for occurrences of temporal rules on time series from machines and industrial infrastructures. A temporal rule captures successional relationships between behaviors in time series . In industrial series, due to the presence of many external factors, these regular behaviours can be disruptive. Current methods for searching the occurrences of a rule use a distance measure to assess the similarity between sub-series. However, these measurements are not suitable for assessing the similarity of distorted series such as those in industrial settings. The first contribution of this thesis is the proposal of a method for searching for occurrences of temporal rules capable of capturing this variability in industrial time series. For this purpose, the method integrates the use of elastic distance measurements capable of assessing the similarity between slightly deformed time series. The second part of the thesis is devoted to the interpretability of time series classification methods, i.e. the ability of a classifier to return explanations for its results. These explanations must be understandable by a human. Classification is the task of associating a time series with a category. For an end user inclined to make decisions based on a classifier’s results, understanding the rationale behind those results is of great importance. Otherwise, it is like having blind confidence in the classifier. The second contribution of this thesis is an interpretable time series classifier that can directly provide explanations for its results. This classifier uses local information on time series to discriminate against them. The third and last contribution of this thesis, a method to explain a posteriori any result of any classifier. We carried out a user study to evaluate the interpretability of our method
Bailly, Adeline. "Classification de séries temporelles avec applications en télédétection." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REN20021/document.
Full textTime Series Classification (TSC) has received an important amount of interest over the past years due to many real-life applications. In this PhD, we create new algorithms for TSC, with a particular emphasis on Remote Sensing (RS) time series data. We first propose the Dense Bag-of-Temporal-SIFT-Words (D-BoTSW) method that uses dense local features based on SIFT features for 1D data. Extensive experiments exhibit that D-BoTSW significantly outperforms nearly all compared standalone baseline classifiers. Then, we propose an enhancement of the Learning Time Series Shapelets (LTS) algorithm called Adversarially-Built Shapelets (ABS) based on the introduction of adversarial time series during the learning process. Adversarial time series provide an additional regularization benefit for the shapelets and experiments show a performance improvementbetween the baseline and our proposed framework. Due to the lack of available RS time series datasets,we also present and experiment on two remote sensing time series datasets called TiSeLaCand Brazilian-Amazon
Gautier, Antony. "Modèles de séries temporelles à coefficients dépendants du temps." Lille 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004LIL30034.
Full textDola, Béchir. "Problèmes économétriques d'analyse des séries temporelles à mémoire longue." Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00794676.
Full textAhmad, Ali. "Contribution à l'économétrie des séries temporelles à valeurs entières." Thesis, Lille 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL30059/document.
Full textThe framework of this PhD dissertation is the conditional mean count time seriesmodels. We propose the Poisson quasi-maximum likelihood estimator (PQMLE) for the conditional mean parameters. We show that, under quite general regularityconditions, this estimator is consistent and asymptotically normal for a wide classeof count time series models. Since the conditional mean parameters of some modelsare positively constrained, as, for example, in the integer-valued autoregressive (INAR) and in the integer-valued generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (INGARCH), we study the asymptotic distribution of this estimator when the parameter lies at the boundary of the parameter space. We deduce a Waldtype test for the significance of the parameters and another Wald-type test for the constance of the conditional mean. Subsequently, we propose a robust and general goodness-of-fit test for the count time series models. We derive the joint distribution of the PQMLE and of the empirical residual autocovariances. Then, we deduce the asymptotic distribution of the estimated residual autocovariances and also of a portmanteau test. Finally, we propose the PQMLE for estimating, equation-by-equation (EbE), the conditional mean parameters of a multivariate time series of counts. By using slightly different assumptions from those given for PQMLE, we show the consistency and the asymptotic normality of this estimator for a considerable variety of multivariate count time series models
Jebreen, Kamel. "Modèles graphiques pour la classification et les séries temporelles." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0248/document.
Full textFirst, in this dissertation, we will show that Bayesian networks classifiers are very accurate models when compared to other classical machine learning methods. Discretising input variables often increase the performance of Bayesian networks classifiers, as does a feature selection procedure. Different types of Bayesian networks may be used for supervised classification. We combine such approaches together with feature selection and discretisation to show that such a combination gives rise to powerful classifiers. A large choice of data sets from the UCI machine learning repository are used in our experiments, and the application to Epilepsy type prediction based on PET scan data confirms the efficiency of our approach. Second, in this dissertation we also consider modelling interaction between a set of variables in the context of time series and high dimension. We suggest two approaches; the first is similar to the neighbourhood lasso where the lasso model is replaced by Support Vector Machines (SVMs); the second is a restricted Bayesian network for time series. We demonstrate the efficiency of our approaches simulations using linear and nonlinear data set and a mixture of both
Desrues, Mathilde. "Surveillance opérationnelle de mouvements gravitaires par séries temporelles d'images." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021STRAH002.
Full textUnderstanding the dynamics and the behavior of gravitational slope movements is essential to anticipate catastrophic failures and thus to protect lives and infrastructures. Several geodetic techniques already bring some information on the displacement / deformation fields of the unstable slopes. These techniques allow the analysis of the geometrical properties of the moving masses and of the mechanical behavior of the slopes. By combining time series of passive terrestrial imagery and these classical techniques, the amount of collected information is densified and spatially distributed. Digital passive sensors are increasingly used for the detection and the monitoring of gravitational motion. They provide both qualitative information, such as the detection of surface changes, and a quantitative characterization, such as the quantification of the soil displacement by correlation techniques. Our approach consists in analyzing time series of terrestrial images from either a single fixed camera or pair-wise cameras, the latter to obtain redundant and additional information. The time series are processed to detect the areas in which the Kinematic behavior is homogeneous. The slope properties, such as the sliding volume and the thickness of the moving mass, are part of the analysis results to obtain an overview which is as complete as possible. This work is presented around the analysis of four landslides located in the French Alps. It is part of a CIFRE/ANRT agreement between the SAGE Society - Société Alpine de Géotechnique (Gières, France) and the IPGS - Institut de Physique du Globe de Strasbourg / CNRS UMR 7516 (Strasbourg, France)
Buiatti, Marco. "Correlations à longue distance dans les séries temporelles biologiques." Paris 6, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA066242.
Full textA large number of biological systems exhibit scale-free behaviour of one or more variables. Scale-free behaviour reflects a tendency of complex systems to develop long-range correlations, i. E. Correlations that decay very slowly in time and extend over very large distances in space. However, the properties and the functional role of long-range correlations in biological systems are still poorly understood. The aim of this thesis is to shed new light into this issue with three studies in three different biological domains, both by exploring the relationship between the function of the system and its long-range statistical structure, and by investigating how biological systems adapt to a long-range correlated environment. The first study explores how a reasoning task modulates the temporal long-range correlations of the associated brain electrical activity as recorded by EEG. The task consists in searching a rule in triplets of numbers, and hypothesis are tested on the base of a performance feedback. We demonstrate that negative feedback elicits significantly stronger long-range correlations than positive feedback in wide brain areas. In the second study, we develop a high-order measure to investigate the long-range statistical structure of DNA sequences of prokaryotes. We test the hypothesis that prokaryotic DNA statistics is described by a model consisting in the superposition of a long-range correlated component and random noise. We show that the model fits the long-range statistics of several prokaryotic DNA sequences, and suggest a functional explanation of the result. The main aim of the third study was to investigate how neurons in the retina adapts to the wide range, long-range correlated temporal statistics of natural scenes. Adaptation is modelled as the cascade of the two major mechanisms of adaptation in the retina - light adaptation and contrast adaptation - predicting the mean and the variance of the input from the past input values. By testing the model on time series of natural light intensities, we show that such cascade is indeed sufficient to adapt to the natural stimulus by removing most of its long-range correlations, while no linear filtering alone achieves the same goal. This result suggests that contrast adaptation has efficiently developed to exploit the long-range temporal correlations of natural scenes in an optimal way
Gueguen, Lionel. "Extraction d'information et compression conjointes de Séries Temporelles d'Images Satellitaires." Phd thesis, Télécom ParisTech, 2007. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00003146.
Full textPartouty, S. "Interprétation des séries temporelles altimétriques sur la calotte polaire Antarctique." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01018319.
Full textKhiali, Lynda. "Fouille de données à partir de séries temporelles d’images satellites." Thesis, Montpellier, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MONTS046/document.
Full textNowadays, remotely sensed images constitute a rich source of information that can be leveraged to support several applications including risk prevention, land use planning, land cover classification and many other several tasks. In this thesis, Satellite Image Time Series (SITS) are analysed to depict the dynamic of natural and semi-natural habitats. The objective is to identify, organize and highlight the evolution patterns of these areas.We introduce an object-oriented method to analyse SITS that consider segmented satellites images. Firstly, we identify the evolution profiles of the objects in the time series. Then, we analyse these profiles using machine learning methods. To identify the evolution profiles, we explore all the objects to select a subset of objects (spatio-temporal entities/reference objects) to be tracked. The evolution of the selected spatio-temporal entities is described using evolution graphs.To analyse these evolution graphs, we introduced three contributions. The first contribution explores annual SITS. It analyses the evolution graphs using clustering algorithms, to identify similar evolutions among the spatio-temporal entities. In the second contribution, we perform a multi-annual cross-site analysis. We consider several study areas described by multi-annual SITS. We use the clustering algorithms to identify intra and inter-site similarities. In the third contribution, we introduce à semi-supervised method based on constrained clustering. We propose a method to select the constraints that will be used to guide the clustering and adapt the results to the user needs.Our contributions were evaluated on several study areas. The experimental results allow to pinpoint relevant landscape evolutions in each study sites. We also identify the common evolutions among the different sites. In addition, the constraint selection method proposed in the constrained clustering allows to identify relevant entities. Thus, the results obtained using the unsupervised learning were improved and adapted to meet the user needs
Parouty, Soazig. "Interprétation des séries temporelles altimétriques sur la calotte polaire Antartique." Toulouse 3, 2009. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/900/.
Full textThis work aims at improving our understanding of the altimetric time series acquired over the Antarctic Ice Sheet. Dual frequency data (S Band - 3. 2GHz and Ku Band - 13. 6GHz) from thealtimeter onboard the ENVISAT satellite are used, during a five year time period from january2003 until december 2007. These data cover around 80% of the surface of the Antarctic continent,up to 82°S. Having data in two different frequencies is valuable when it comes to better estimatethe altimeter sensitivity regarding snow surface property changes. Over the Antarctic ice sheet, snow surface changes with respect to space and time, beingaffected by meteorological conditions close to the surface, and especially winds. The altimetricwave penetrates more or less deeply beneath the surface, depending on snow surface and subsurfaceproperties. As a result, when the wave comes back to the satellite, the recorded signal, namedwaveform, is more or less distorted. The accuracy of the ice sheet topographic changes computedthanks to satellite altimetric techniques depends on our knowledge of the processes inducing thisdistortion. The purpose of the present work is to better understand the effect of changing windconditions on altimetric data. Winds in Antarctica are indeed famous for their strength and theirimpact on the snow surface state. First, spatial and temporal variability of the altimetric data on the one hand, and of wind speedreanalysis fields (from ERA-Interim, NCEP/NCAR and NCEP/DOE projects) on the other handare studied. We estimate spatial and temporal typical length scales for all datasets. As a result, weare able to smooth the data, so that all datasets have the same spatial and temporal caractericticlength scales. Furthermore, we note that our time series are well described by an annual signal. This annual cycle shows that whereas wind speed would always be maximum in austral winter,altimetric seasonal cycles have very different behaviors depending on the location. .
Boné, Romuald. "Réseaux de neurones récurrents pour la prévision de séries temporelles." Tours, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000TOUR4003.
Full textGoldfarb, Bernard. "Etude structurelle des séries temporelles : les moyens de l'analyse spectrale." Paris 9, 1997. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1997PA090007.
Full textEsstafa, Youssef. "Modèles de séries temporelles à mémoire longue avec innovations dépendantes." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019UBFCD021.
Full textWe first consider, in this thesis, the problem of statistical analysis of FARIMA (Fractionally AutoRegressive Integrated Moving-Average) models endowed with uncorrelated but non-independent error terms. These models are called weak FARIMA and can be used to fit long-memory processes with general nonlinear dynamics. Relaxing the independence assumption on the noise, which is a standard assumption usually imposed in the literature, allows weak FARIMA models to cover a large class of nonlinear long-memory processes. The weak FARIMA models are dense in the set of purely non-deterministic stationary processes, the class of these models encompasses that of FARIMA processes with an independent and identically distributed noise (iid). We call thereafter strong FARIMA models the models in which the error term is assumed to be an iid innovations.We establish procedures for estimating and validating weak FARIMA models. We show, under weak assumptions on the noise, that the least squares estimator of the parameters of weak FARIMA(p,d,q) models is strongly consistent and asymptotically normal. The asymptotic variance matrix of the least squares estimator of weak FARIMA(p,d,q) models has the "sandwich" form. This matrix can be very different from the asymptotic variance obtained in the strong case (i.e. in the case where the noise is assumed to be iid). We propose, by two different methods, a convergent estimator of this matrix. An alternative method based on a self-normalization approach is also proposed to construct confidence intervals for the parameters of weak FARIMA(p,d,q) models.We then pay particular attention to the problem of validation of weak FARIMA(p,d,q) models. We show that the residual autocorrelations have a normal asymptotic distribution with a covariance matrix different from that one obtained in the strong FARIMA case. This allows us to deduce the exact asymptotic distribution of portmanteau statistics and thus to propose modified versions of portmanteau tests. It is well known that the asymptotic distribution of portmanteau tests is correctly approximated by a chi-squared distribution when the error term is assumed to be iid. In the general case, we show that this asymptotic distribution is a mixture of chi-squared distributions. It can be very different from the usual chi-squared approximation of the strong case. We adopt the same self-normalization approach used for constructing the confidence intervals of weak FARIMA model parameters to test the adequacy of weak FARIMA(p,d,q) models. This method has the advantage of avoiding the problem of estimating the asymptotic variance matrix of the joint vector of the least squares estimator and the empirical autocovariances of the noise.Secondly, we deal in this thesis with the problem of estimating autoregressive models of order 1 endowed with fractional Gaussian noise when the Hurst parameter H is assumed to be known. We study, more precisely, the convergence and the asymptotic normality of the generalized least squares estimator of the autoregressive parameter of these models
Gueguen, Lionel. "Extraction d'information et compression conjointes des séries temporelles d'images satellitaires." Paris, ENST, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ENST0025.
Full textNowadays, new data which contain interesting information can be produced : the Satellite Image Time Series which are observations of Earth’s surface evolution. These series constitute huge data volume and contain complex types of information. For example, numerous spatio-temporal events, such as harvest or urban area expansion, can be observed in these series and serve for remote surveillance. In this framework, this thesis deals with the information extraction from Satellite Image Time Series automatically in order to help spatio-temporal events comprehension and the compression in order to reduce storing space. Thus, this work aims to provide methodologies which extract information and compress jointly these series. This joint processing provides a compact representation which contains an index of the informational content. First, the concept of joint extraction and compression is described where the information extraction is grasped as a lossy compression of the information. Secondly, two methodologies are developed based on the previous concept. The first one provides an informational content index based on the Information Bottleneck principle. The second one provides a code or a compact representation which integrates an informational content index. Finally, both methodologies are validated and compared with synthetic data, then are put into practice successfully with Satellite Image Time Series
Hili, Ouagnina. "Contribution à l'estimation des modèles de séries temporelles non linéaires." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995STR13169.
Full textLadjouze, Salim. "Problèmes d'estimation dans les séries temporelles stationnaires avec données manquantes." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 1986. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00319946.
Full textHéas, Patrick. "Apprentissage bayésien de structures spatio-temporelles : application à la fouille visuelle de séries temporelles d'images de satellites." Toulouse, ENSAE, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ESAE0004.
Full textKhaleghi, Azadeh. "Sur quelques problèmes non-supervisés impliquant des séries temporelles hautement dépendantes." Phd thesis, Université des Sciences et Technologie de Lille - Lille I, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00920333.
Full textLe, Tertre Alain. "Séries temporelles et analyse combinée des liens pollution atmosphérique et santé." Paris 6, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA066434.
Full textMercier, Ludovic. "Séries temporelles chaotiques appliquées à la finance problèmes statistiques et algorithmiques." Paris 9, 1998. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1998PA090049.
Full textCherkaoui, Abdelhai. "Modélisation des séries temporelles par des méthodes de décomposition et applications." Aix-Marseille 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987AIX24011.
Full textOur work has centered on the study of decomposition methods time series. This was done in four stages. First, we analyse classical methods of linear regression and of smoothing by moving averages. Secondly, we examine the decomposition method of an arima model. In the third stage, we present a method based on the recurrent algorithm of kalman. In the fourth stage, we illustrate our theoretical results and attempt to compare the box-jenkins method and the method of smoothing by moving average
Petitjean, François. "Dynamic time warping : apports théoriques pour l'analyse de données temporelles : application à la classification de séries temporelles d'images satellites." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012STRAD023.
Full textSatellite Image Time Series are becoming increasingly available and will continue to do so in the coming years thanks to the launch of space missions, which aim at providing a coverage of the Earth every few days with high spatial resolution (ESA’s Sentinel program). In the case of optical imagery, it will be possible to produce land use and cover change maps with detailed nomenclatures. However, due to meteorological phenomena, such as clouds, these time series will become irregular in terms of temporal sampling. In order to consistently handle the huge amount of information that will be produced (for instance, Sentinel-2 will cover the entire Earth’s surface every five days, with 10m to 60m spatial resolution and 13 spectral bands), new methods have to be developed. This Ph.D. thesis focuses on the “Dynamic Time Warping” similarity measure, which is able to take the most of the temporal structure of the data, in order to provide an efficient and relevant analysis of the remotely observed phenomena
Toque, Carole. "Pour l'identification de modèles factoriels de séries temporelles : application aux ARMA stationnaires." Phd thesis, Télécom ParisTech, 2006. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001966.
Full textAl, Sarray Basad. "Estimation et choix de modèle pour les séries temporelles par optimisation convexe." Besançon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BESA2084.
Full text[…] this study presents some of machine learning and convex methodes for ARMA model selection and estimation based on the conversion between ARMA –AR models and ARMA-State Space Models. Also in this study, for a time series decomposition and time series components analysis some of convex methods are implemented and simulated. The results show the ability of convex methods of analysing and modelling a given series
Dilmi, Mohamed Djallel. "Méthodes de classification des séries temporelles : application à un réseau de pluviomètres." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2019. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2019SORUS087.pdf.
Full textThe impact of climat change on the temporal evolution of precipitation as well as the impact of the Parisian heat island on the spatial distribution of précipitation motivate studying the varaibility of the water cycle on a small scale on île-de-france. one way to analyse this varaibility using the data from a rain gauge network is to perform a clustring on time series measured by this network. In this thesis, we have explored two approaches for time series clustring : for the first approach based on the description of series by characteristics, an algorithm for selecting characteristics based on genetic algorithms and topological maps has been proposed. for the second approach based on shape comparaison, a measure of dissimilarity (iterative downscaling time warping) was developed to compare two rainfall time series. Then the limits of the two approaches were discuddes followed by a proposition of a mixed approach that combine the advantages of each approach. The approach was first applied to the evaluation of spatial variability of precipitation on île-de-france. For the evaluation of the temporal variability of the precpitation, a clustring on the precipitation events observed by a station was carried out then extended on the whole rain gauge network. The application on the historical series of Paris-Montsouris (1873-2015) makes it possible to automatically discriminate "remarkable" years from a meteorological point of view
Ziat, Ali Yazid. "Apprentissage de représentation pour la prédiction et la classification de séries temporelles." Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066324/document.
Full textThis thesis deals with the development of time series analysis methods. Our contributions focus on two tasks: time series forecasting and classification. Our first contribution presents a method of prediction and completion of multivariate and relational time series. The aim is to be able to simultaneously predict the evolution of a group of time series connected to each other according to a graph, as well as to complete the missing values in these series (which may correspond for example to a failure of a sensor during a given time interval). We propose to use representation learning techniques to forecast the evolution of the series while completing the missing values and taking into account the relationships that may exist between them. Extensions of this model are proposed and described: first in the context of the prediction of heterogeneous time series and then in the case of the prediction of time series with an expressed uncertainty. A prediction model of spatio-temporal series is then proposed, in which the relations between the different series can be expressed more generally, and where these can be learned.Finally, we are interested in the classification of time series. A joint model of metric learning and time-series classification is proposed and an experimental comparison is conducted
Paquin, Jean. "Développement d'algorithmes pour l'analyse des séries temporelles des données de production d'eau potable." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0017/MQ56951.pdf.
Full textRhéaume, François. "Une méthode de machine à état liquide pour la classification de séries temporelles." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/28815/28815.pdf.
Full textThere are a number of reasons that motivate the interest in computational neuroscience for engineering applications of artificial intelligence. Among them is the speed at which the domain is growing and evolving, promising further capabilities for artificial intelligent systems. In this thesis, a method that exploits the recent advances in computational neuroscience is presented: the liquid state machine. A liquid state machine is a biologically inspired computational model that aims at learning on input stimuli. The model constitutes a promising temporal pattern recognition tool and has shown to perform very well in many applications. In particular, temporal pattern recognition is a problem of interest in military surveillance applications such as automatic target recognition. Until now, most of the liquid state machine implementations for spatiotemporal pattern recognition have remained fairly similar to the original model. From an engineering perspective, a challenge is to adapt liquid state machines to increase their ability for solving practical temporal pattern recognition problems. Solutions are proposed. The first one concentrates on the sampling of the liquid state. In this subject, a method that exploits frequency features of neurons is defined. The combination of different liquid state vectors is also discussed. Secondly, a method for training the liquid is developed. The method implements synaptic spike-timing dependent plasticity to shape the liquid. A new class-conditional approach is proposed, where different networks of neurons are trained exclusively on particular classes of input data. For the suggested liquid sampling methods and the liquid training method, comparative tests were conducted with both simulated and real data sets from different application areas. The tests reveal that the methods outperform the conventional liquid state machine approach. The methods are even more promising in that the results are obtained without optimization of many internal parameters for the different data sets. Finally, measures of the liquid state are investigated for predicting the performance of the liquid state machine.
Desrosiers, Maxime. "Le prix du risque idiosyncrasique : une analyse en séries temporelles et coupe transversale." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/67076.
Full textBoughrara, Adel. "Sur la modélisation dynamique retrospective et prospective des séries temporelles : une étude méthodologique." Aix-Marseille 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997AIX32054.
Full textThe past years have witnessed intensive competition among economic and econometric methodologies attempting to explain macroeconomic behaviour. Alternative schools have made claims with respect both to the purity of their methodology and to their ability to explain the facts. This thesis investigates the epistemological foundations of the major competitors, namely, the new classical school with its links to prospective econometric modelling on the one hand, and the retrospective modelling which is more close to inductive methods, on the other hand. The main conclusion of the thesis is that none of the rival schools has a very tight link with the popperien epistemology of falsificationism
Ouerfelli, Chokri. "La saisonnalité dans les séries temporelles : étude théorique et appliquée au tourisme tunisien." Dijon, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999DIJOE003.
Full textThe study of seasonal non stationary time series showed a deterministic and/or stochastic seasonality which may be the origin of observable variations of economic time series. It establishes that official seasonal adjustment methods lead to severe distortions of data. Then, seasonality must not be considered as an independent phenomena ; it can transmit information about economic agents behaviours. We judged necessary to include seasonality in our empirical analysis of tourist time series. This means to analyse the mechanisms of seasonal behaviours tourist activity. We have specified the nature of seasonal behaviour of stay demand with recent tools of monthly time series analysis. Raw data in logarithm (tourist expenditures, price, income, guest- nights, reception capacity,. . . ) Are studied in the context of classic theory of demand and supply- induced demand theory. The results of unit root tests show that most of tourist series were generated by non stationary process where seasonality is both stochastic and deterministic. Lee's (1992) strategy allows to estimate cointegrating relations at several frequencies. Error correction models were derived for endogenous variables. Another modelling methodologies, allow to apprehend tourist series variability, were proposed. We retained Harvey's (1990) structural time-series modelling approach and box and Jenkins (1976) arima models. Specifications reduced forms, based on diagnostic checking tests, showed their ability to adequacy fit tourist demand. The comparison of different models were amply contributed to refine empirical results especially for demand elasticity to explanatory variables, and to improve the forecasting accuracy of results
Hassnaoui, Mohamed. "Méthodes non paramétriques d'analyse des séries temporelles fortement bruitées : application à la chronobiologie." Saint-Etienne, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999STET4005.
Full textGuerre, Emmanuel. "Méthode non paramétriques d'analyse des séries temporelles multivariées : estimation de mesures de dépendances." Paris 6, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA066110.
Full textAilliot, Pierre. "Modèles autorégressifs à changements de régimes markoviens. Applications aux séries temporelles de vent." Rennes 1, 2004. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00007602.
Full textCherif, Aymen. "Réseaux de neurones, SVM et approches locales pour la prévision de séries temporelles." Thesis, Tours, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOUR4003/document.
Full textTime series forecasting is a widely discussed issue for many years. Researchers from various disciplines have addressed it in several application areas : finance, medical, transportation, etc. In this thesis, we focused on machine learning methods : neural networks and SVM. We have also been interested in the meta-methods to push up the predictor performances, and more specifically the local models. In a divide and conquer strategy, the local models perform a clustering over the data sets before different predictors are affected into each obtained subset. We present in this thesis a new algorithm for recurrent neural networks to use them as local predictors. We also propose two novel clustering techniques suitable for local models. The first is based on Kohonen maps, and the second is based on binary trees
Cuenca, Pauta Erick. "Visualisation de données dynamiques et complexes : des séries temporelles hiérarchiques aux graphes multicouches." Thesis, Montpellier, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MONTS054/document.
Full textThe analysis of data that is increasingly complex, large and from different sources (e.g. internet, social medias, etc.) is a dificult task. However, it remains crucial for many fields of application. It implies, in order to extract knowledge, to better understand the nature of the data, its evolution or the many complex relationships it may contain. Information visualization is about visual and interactive representation methods to help a user to extract knowledge. The work presented in this document takes place in this context. At first, we are interested in the visualization of large hierarchical time series. After analyzing the different existing approaches, we present the MultiStream system for visualizing, exploring and comparing the evolution of the series organized into a hierarchical structure. We illustrate its use by two examples: emotions expressed in social media and the evolution of musical genres. In a second time, we tackle the problem of complex data modeled in the form of multilayer graphs (different types of edges can connect the nodes). More specifically, we are interested in the visual querying of large graphs and we present VERTIGo, a system which makes it possible to build queries, to launch them on a specific engine, to visualize/explore the results at different levels of details and to suggest new query extensions. We illustrate its use with a graph of co-authors from different communities
Sànchez, Pérez Andrés. "Agrégation de prédicteurs pour des séries temporelles, optimalité dans un contexte localement stationnaire." Thesis, Paris, ENST, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENST0051/document.
Full textThis thesis regroups our results on dependent time series prediction. The work is divided into three main chapters where we tackle different problems. The first one is the aggregation of predictors of Causal Bernoulli Shifts using a Bayesian approach. The second one is the aggregation of predictors of what we define as sub-linear processes. Locally stationary time varying autoregressive processes receive a particular attention; we investigate an adaptive prediction scheme for them. In the last main chapter we study the linear regression problem for a general class of locally stationary processes
Morel, Marion. "Modélisation de séries temporelles multidimensionnelles. Application à l'évaluation générique et automatique du geste sportif." Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066235/document.
Full textEither to reduce falling risks in elderly people, to translate the sign language or to control a virtual human being, gesture analysis is thriving research field that aims at recognizing, classifying, segmenting, indexing and evaluating different types of motions. As few studies tackle the evaluation process, this PhD focuses on the design of an autonomous system for the generic evaluation of sport-related gestures. The tool is trained on the basis of experts’ motions recorded with a motion capture system. Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) is deployed to obtain a reference gesture thanks to data alignment and averaging. Nevertheless, this standard method suffers from pathological paths issues that reduce its effectiveness. For this reason, local constraints are added to the new DTW-based algorithm, called CDBA (Constrained DTW Barycenter Averaging). At each time step and for each limb, the quality of a gesture is spatially and temporally assessed. Each new motion is compared to the reference gesture and weighted in terms of data dispersion around the reference.The process is validated on annotated karate and tennis databases. A first online training prototype is given in order to prompt further research on this subject