Relevant bibliographies by topics / Regolith

Academic literature on the topic 'Regolith'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 7 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Regolith"

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Tan, Wei, Xiaorong Qin, Jiacheng Liu, Mei-Fu Zhou, Hongping He, Christina Yan Wang, Jian Huang, Jianxi Zhu, Yuzeng Yao, and Thomas Cudahy. "FEASIBILITY OF VISIBLE SHORT-WAVE INFRARED REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY TO CHARACTERIZE REGOLITH-HOSTED RARE EARTH ELEMENT MINERALIZATION." Economic Geology 117, no. 2 (March 1, 2022): 495–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.5382/econgeo.4877.

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Abstract Regolith-hosted rare earth element (REE) deposits predominate global resources of heavy REEs. Regoliths are underlain by various types of igneous rocks and do not always host economically valuable deposits. Thus a feasible and convenient method is desired to identify REE mineralization in a particular regolith. This study presents a detailed visible short-wave infrared reflectance (VSWIR) spectroscopic study of the Renju regolith-hosted REE deposit, South China, to provide diagnostic parameters for targeting REE orebodies in regoliths. The results show that the spectral parameters, M794_2nd and M800_2nd, derived from the VSWIR absorption of Nd3+ at approximately 800 nm, can be effectively used to estimate the total REE concentrations in regolith profiles. M1396_2nd/M1910_2nd ratios can serve as proxies to evaluate weathering intensities in a regolith. Abrupt changes of specific spectral features related to mineral abundances, chemical compositions, and weathering intensities can be correlated with variations of protolith that formed a regolith. These VSWIR proxies are robust and can be used for exploration of regolith-hosted REE deposits.
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Beddingfield, Chloe B., and Richard J. Cartwright. "Miranda's Thick Regolith Indicates a Major Mantling Event from an Unknown Source." Planetary Science Journal 3, no. 11 (November 1, 2022): 253. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/psj/ac9a4e.

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Abstract We investigated “muted” craters and scarps across Miranda’s cratered terrain. The morphologies of the muted craters are most consistent with modification by regolith deposition instead of erosion or viscous relaxation. We used three techniques to estimate regolith thickness. (1) Analysis of muted crater depth–Diameter (d-D) ratios near the South Polar Terrain Chasma indicates that regolith mantling their floors ranges from 0.3 to 1.2 km thick. Because older craters may have collected more regolith than younger craters, the true thickness may be similar to the highest estimate. (2) Analysis of crater size–frequency distributions across the cratered terrain indicates a thickness of 1.0 ± 0.2 km. (3) Analysis of a central mound within Alonso Crater indicates a thickness of 1.4 − 0.4 + 0.3 km near Verona Rupes and may represent an upper limit. These results indicate that Miranda has one of the thickest regoliths in the solar system, which has important implications for Miranda’s interior thermal properties. Regolith appears to mantle some scarps within Arden but not Elsinore or Inverness, indicating that Arden may be the oldest corona, contrary to previous relative age estimates. In this scenario, the mantling event was ongoing during Arden’s formation but before Elsinore or Inverness formed. We propose three possible sources for Miranda’s thick regolith: (1) giant impact ejecta, (2) plume deposits, and (3) Uranian ring deposits. We favor the ring deposit hypothesis, which is consistent with the regolith’s large spatial extent, substantial thickness, and Miranda’s slightly spectrally blue color. Follow-up studies that rigorously investigate these scenarios are required.
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Verkercke, S., J. Y. Chaufray, F. Leblanc, E. M. Bringa, D. Tramontina, L. Morrissey, and A. Woodson. "Effects of Airless Bodies’ Regolith Structures and of the Solar Wind’s Properties on the Backscattered Energetic Neutral Atoms Flux." Planetary Science Journal 4, no. 10 (October 1, 2023): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/psj/acf6bd.

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Abstract The surfaces of airless planetary bodies, such as the Moon or Mercury, are covered with regoliths, which interact with the solar wind. The solar protons can either be absorbed by the surface or neutralized and reflected as hydrogen energetic neutral atoms (ENAs). The ENA flux is thought to depend mostly on the structure of the upper regolith layer. By using a model combining a Monte Carlo approach to describe a solar proton’s journey through the lunar surface with molecular dynamics to characterize its interactions with the regolith’s grains, we highlight the surface roughness as a key parameter that influences the backscattered H ENA flux. By considering spherical silica grains, the lunar regolith’s structure is described using the open-source code Large-scale Atomic/Molecular Massively Parallel Simulator (or LAMMPS), which allows a realistic description of grain-on-grain contacts. The roughness of the modeled regolith, characterized by the roughness ratio, is shown to be dictated by the surface energy and the grain-size distribution. This work shows that a rougher surface favors deeper penetration of the protons inside the regolith, which increases the number of collisions and thus decreases their reflected fraction. The angular distribution of the backscattered H ENAs is influenced by both the surface roughness and the solar zenith angle. We show that the angular distribution of the backscattered ENAs is anisotropic and is influenced by the regolith’s structure, which is consistent with Chandrayaan-1 measurements. This work aims for a better understanding of the interactions ongoing at this interface and intends to look into the possibility of deducing information on the surface structure solely from ENA flux measurements. Highlighting the key structural parameters influencing the ENA backscattering will also help the development of models of surface-bounded exospheres.
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Gavrishin, Anatoli I., and Ivan V. Ivanov. "On the influence of the trace element composition of regoliths on the labor safety of astronauts on the Moon." Russian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology 63, no. 2 (February 25, 2023): 78–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2023-63-2-78-87.

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Introduction. The problem of using near-Earth space to meet various human needs, including the development of minerals, especially on the Moon, is becoming relevant, which increases the importance of research on occupational safety in these conditions. The study aims to research the trace element composition of regoliths in comparison with terrestrial rocks and its significance for the safety of astronauts on the lunar surface. Materials and methods. The researchers evaluated the trace element composition of the regolith by calculating the concentration coefficients and the quality drop coefficient. When identifying homogeneous classes of regoliths by concentrations of 38 chemical elements, we used computer technology to classify multidimensional observations under conditions of self-organization. Results. We know that the concentrations of many trace elements in regoliths significantly exceed their concentrations in terrestrial soils. Calculated for the Luna-16 and Luna-24 marine regoliths, as well as for Apollo-11 and Apollo-12, the quality reduction coefficient varies from 27 to 100, which corresponds to the "crisis" category. This indicates that the content of trace elements in the regolith ranges from weekly critical (27 for the Luna-16 regolith) to highly critical (100 for the Apollo-12 regolith). The researchers identified trace elements whose concentrations in lunar regoliths significantly exceed their concentrations in terrestrial soils: Cr, Be, Co, Sc, Ho, Se, Ni, Au, Ag, Er, Tm, Y, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy Yb, Lu, Cd, Zr, Sr, Ce, Pr, Nd, Eu. Trace trace elements are included in the group of substances with allergenic, fibrogenic and carcinogenic effects and can have a negative impact on the health of future lunar colonists. Limitations. The authors have conducted the study for the composition of regolith on the surface of the Moon and did not cover aspects of human protection from lunar dust by space stations, structures, spacesuits and special equipment. Conclusion. When assessing the impact of environmental factors on the safety of astronauts during the colonization of the Moon, attention should be paid to the toxicological aspects of working conditions, in particular the trace element composition of regoliths and lunar dust.
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Zheng, Xiaowei, Cong Zhao, Xiaoyan Sun, and Weiwei Dong. "Lunar Regolith Geopolymer Concrete for In-Situ Construction of Lunar Bases: A Review." Polymers 16, no. 11 (June 3, 2024): 1582. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym16111582.

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The construction of lunar bases represents a fundamental challenge for deep space exploration, lunar research, and the exploitation of lunar resources. In-situ resource utilization (ISRU) technology constitutes a pivotal tool for constructing lunar bases. Using lunar regolith to create geopolymers as construction materials offers multiple advantages as an ISRU technique. This paper discusses the principle of geopolymer for lunar regolith, focusing on the reaction principle of geopolymer. It also analyzes the applicability of geopolymer under the effects of the lunar surface environment and the differences between the highland and mare lunar regolith. This paper summarizes the characteristics of existing lunar regolith simulants and the research on the mechanical properties of lunar regolith geopolymers using lunar regolith simulants. Highland lunar regolith samples contain approximately 36% amorphous substances, the content of silicon is approximately 28%, and the ratios of Si/Al and Si/Ca are approximately 1.5 and 2.6, respectively. They are more suitable as precursor materials for geopolymers than mare samples. The compressive strength of lunar regolith geopolymer is mainly in the range of 18~30 MPa. Sodium silicate is the most commonly utilized activator for lunar regolith geopolymers; alkalinity in the range of 7% to 10% and modulus in the range of 0.8 to 2.0 are suitable. A vacuum environment and multiple temperature cycles reduce the mechanical properties of geopolymers by 8% to 70%. Future research should be concentrated on the precision control of the lunar regolith’s chemical properties and the alkali activation efficacy of geopolymers in the lunar environment.
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Fang, Feiyang, Chunyu Ding, Jianqing Feng, Yan Su, Ravi Sharma, and Iraklis Giannakis. "In-Situ Radar Observation of Shallow Lunar Regolith at the Chang’E-5 Landing Site: Research Progress and Perspectives." Remote Sensing 15, no. 21 (October 30, 2023): 5173. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15215173.

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China accomplished a historic milestone in 2020 when the mission Chang’e-5 (CE-5) to the Lunar’s surface was successfully launched. An extraordinary component of this mission is the “Lunar Regolith Penetrating Radar” (LRPR) housed within its lander, which currently stands as the most advanced payload in terms of vertical resolution among all penetrating radars employed in lunar exploration. This provides an unprecedented opportunity for high-precision research into the interior structure of the shallow lunar regolith. Previous studies have achieved fruitful research results based on the data from LRPR, updating our perception of the shallow-level regolith of the Moon. This paper provides an overview of the new advancements achieved by the LRPR in observing the basic structure of the shallow regolith of the Moon. It places special emphasis on the role played by the LRPR in revealing details about the shallow lunar regolith’s structure, its estimated dielectric properties, the provenance of the regolith materials from the landing area, and its interpretation of the geological stratification at the landing site. Lastly, it envisions the application and developmental trends of in situ radar technology in future lunar exploration.
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Martin, Audrey C., and Joshua P. Emery. "MIR Spectra and Analysis of Jovian Trojan Asteroids." Planetary Science Journal 4, no. 8 (August 1, 2023): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/psj/aced0c.

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Abstract Jovian Trojan asteroids make up a large group of primitive bodies that populate Jupiter's L4 and L5 Lagrange points. The Trojans’ dynamics and composition carry insight into the formation mechanisms that shaped our solar system. Mid-infrared (MIR; 5–35 μm) spectra of Trojans exhibit puzzling silicate emission features, like spectra of optically thin comet comae, which may be interpreted as “fluffy” regoliths. By understanding the physical properties of the regolith (e.g., particle size and regolith porosity), more accurate compositional interpretations can be made. Here we show 14 Spitzer Space Telescope MIR spectra of Trojans and their compositional makeup. Through parameterization of spectral features and comparison to laboratory and remote-sensing spectra, the results show that the Trojans have highly porous regoliths of fine-particulate crystalline (forsterite, enstatite, and possibly a small amount of fayalite and diopside) and amorphous silicates. These results are consistent with a primordial Kuiper Belt origin.
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Shukla, Shashwat, Valentyn Tolpekin, Shashi Kumar, and Alfred Stein. "Investigating the Retention of Solar Wind Implanted Helium-3 on the Moon from the Analysis of Multi-Wavelength Remote Sensing Data." Remote Sensing 12, no. 20 (October 14, 2020): 3350. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12203350.

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The Moon has a large potential for space exploration and mining valuable resources. In particular, 3He provides rich sources of non-radioactive fusion fuel to fulfill cislunar and Earth’s energy demands, if found economically feasible. The present study focuses on developing advanced techniques to prospect 3He resources on the Moon from multi-sensor remote sensing perspectives. It characterizes optical changes in regolith materials due to space weathering as a new retention parameter and introduces a novel machine learning inversion model for retrieving the physical properties of the regolith. Our analysis suggests that the reddening of the soil predominantly governs the retention, along with attenuated mafic band depths. Moreover, semi-variograms show that the spatial variability of 3He is aligned with the episodic weathering events at different timescales. We also observed that pyroclastic regoliths with high dielectric constant and increased surface scattering mechanisms exhibited a 3He abundant region. For ejecta cover, the retention was weakly associated with the dielectric contrast and a circular polarization ratio (CPR), mainly because of the 3He-deficient nature of the regolith. Furthermore, cross-variograms revealed inherent cyclicity attributed to the sequential process of weathering effects. Our study provides new insights into the physical nature and near-surface alterations of lunar regoliths that influence the spatial distribution and retention of solar wind implanted 3He.
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Kaksonen, Anna H., Xiao Deng, Christina Morris, Himel Nahreen Khaleque, Luis Zea, and Yosephine Gumulya. "Potential of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans to Grow on and Bioleach Metals from Mars and Lunar Regolith Simulants under Simulated Microgravity Conditions." Microorganisms 9, no. 12 (November 23, 2021): 2416. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9122416.

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The biomining microbes which extract metals from ores that have been applied in mining processes worldwide hold potential for harnessing space resources. Their cell growth and ability to extract metals from extraterrestrial minerals under microgravity environments, however, remains largely unknown. The present study used the model biomining bacterium Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans to extract metals from lunar and Martian regolith simulants cultivated in a rotating clinostat with matched controls grown under the influence of terrestrial gravity. Analyses included assessments of final cell count, size, morphology, and soluble metal concentrations. Under Earth gravity, with the addition of Fe3+ and H2/CO2, A. ferrooxidans grew in the presence of regolith simulants to a final cell density comparable to controls without regoliths. The simulated microgravity appeared to enable cells to grow to a higher cell density in the presence of lunar regolith simulants. Clinostat cultures of A. ferrooxidans solubilised higher amounts of Si, Mn and Mg from lunar and Martian regolith simulants than abiotic controls. Electron microscopy observations revealed that microgravity stimulated the biosynthesis of intracellular nanoparticles (most likely magnetite) in anaerobically grown A. ferrooxidans cells. These results suggested that A. ferrooxidans has the potential for metal bioleaching and the production of useful nanoparticles in space.
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Carneiro Oliveira, Jéssica, Renato Crespo Pereira, Taylor Sawyer Johnson, and Rafael Loureiro. "Seed Priming with Ulva lactuca L. in Cultivars Grown in Martian and Lunar Regolith Analogues." Gravitational and Space Research 12, no. 1 (January 1, 2024): 77–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/gsr-2024-0006.

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Abstract As human settlements expand to lunar and Martian bases, optimizing food production in these environments becomes crucial. This study investigates the use of macroalgae, specifically Ulva lactuca L., as an affordable, sustainable approach for seed priming to enhance germination in extraterrestrial soils. The focus was on the germination and growth of Capsicum annuum L. (pepper), Lactuca sativa L. (lettuce), Cicer arietinum L. (chickpea), and Pisum sativum L. (pea) in simulated Martian and lunar regolith. Two concentrations of U. lactuca powder (0.2 and 0.4 g · L−1) were tested under controlled conditions. The study also conducted a qualitative chemical analysis of U. lactuca to identify bioactive components essential for phytohormone formation. The germination and emergence rates of the seeds in the lunar regolith were higher than those in the Martian regolith. Martian regolith's optimal treatment for pea and chickpea seed germination was 0.2 g · L−1, which also favored seedling emergence. In the lunar regolith, optimal germination rates for pea seeds were observed with both treatments and chickpea seeds. The germination percentage of lettuce seeds in the lunar regolith was higher than the control, with 0.2 g · L−1, while there was no significant difference for the other seeds. The study recommends the application of U. lactuca powder as an effective biostimulant for the examined cultivars due to the presence of plant growth regulators (PGRs) that enhance germination and seedling emergence under challenging conditions.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Regolith"

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He, Chunmei. "GEOTECHNICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF LUNAR REGOLITH SIMULANTS." Cleveland, Ohio : Case Western Reserve University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1269272964.

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Thesis (Doctor of Philosophy)--Case Western Reserve University, 2010
Department of Civil Engineering Title from PDF (viewed on 2010-05-25) Includes abstract Includes bibliographical references and appendices Available online via the OhioLINK ETD Center
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Gharib, Nima. "Investigating regolith induced wear and dust mitigation." Thesis, McGill University, 2014. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=121357.

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"There is growing international interest in space exploration. Going back to the moon where we will build a sustainable long-term human presence with new spacecraft, robotics and life-sustaining technologies, will prepare humans for future exploration of other planets in our solar system and asteroids and for space mining" [1]. The moon will serve as a base to develop and test new technologies, experience living on an extraterrestrial surface and will provide clues about the origin of the universe. Returning to the moon however, is not easy. The harsh lunar environment, solar radiation, the large amplitude of the temperature fluctuation and the negligible atmosphere and therefore low atmospheric pressure will challenge future manned and unmanned missions. One of the most pervasive limits to lunar surface exploration is the presence of lunar dust, which is electrostatically charged and adheres to everything with which it comes into contact. Lunar dust is very fine and also highly abrasive [2]. In this work, two abrasive wear test devices were designed and manufactured to study the volume wear rate of different materials when subjected to lunar dust simulant of different size ranges. There were three additional objectives to this research. First, the potential of using electrostatic and dielectrophoretic forces to remove and transport small particles away from surfaces was investigated by manufacturing several devices comprising series of parallel electrodes connected to single or multiple AC power source(s). The traveling electric field created then served as an invisible brush to clean surfaces and prevent dust from entering joints in space applications (e.g. bearing, solar panels, camera, etc.). Second, discrete element models were created and calibrated based on the experimental results to study the capacity of this technique to clean dust from surfaces in the lunar environment. Third, evaluated the idea of sorting and transporting regolith (i.e., the loose, heterogeneous material covering solid rock) into the journal bearing (i.e., a plain bearing designed to reduce friction by supporting radial loads) and employing it as a solid lubricant. Experimental outcomes demonstrate satisfactory performance of the electric curtain in terms of dust removal from surfaces, with low power consumption. They also indicate the need for standardization of wear and abrasion tests for space applications at low temperature and pressure. One recommendation resulting from this research is investment by the Canadian Space Agency on infrastructure and equipment such as "dirty chambers" to enable performance of similar experiments in dusty moon-like environments. This research was conducted with support from an NSERC Collaborative Research and Development Grant involving Neptec Design Group, the Canadian Space Agency, and McGill University.
"L'exploration spatiale est en pleine expansion dans la communauté internationale. En retournant à la lune où nous construirons une présence humaine à long terme qui soit durable avec des nouveaux vaisseaux spatiaux, des robots et des technologies pour maintenir la vie durable. C'est aussi à nous préparer pour future exploration des autres planètes de notre système solaire, des astéroïdes, et l'exploitation minière spatial" [1]. La lune servira comme une base pour développer et tester des nouvelles technologies, faire l'expérience de vivre dans un environnement extraterrestre, et fournir des indices sur l'origine de l'univers. Cependant retourner sur la Lune n'est pas une tache facile. Les conditions extrêmement difficile de l'environnement lunaire, les dangereuses rayonnements solaire, les variations de températures et l'espace vide mettra nos futures missions, avec ou sans astronautes, en danger. L'un des plus grands défis que nous rencontrerons au cours de l'exploration de la surface de la lune est la poussière lunaire qui est éléctrostatiquement chargé et adhérera tout ce qui entre en contact avec. La poussière est très fine et très abrasif aussi [2]. Dans cette étude, trois appareils ont été conçus et deux d'entre eux ont été construites afin d'examiner la quantité de particules qui retire du matériel pendant l'expérience d'abrasion par la poussière lunaire a diamètre variable. Également la possibilité d'utiliser des forces électrostatiques et diélectrophoetique pour enlever et transporter des petites particules des surfaces ont été étudié par plusieurs dispositifs en fabricant des compositions d'électrodes parallèles qui sont connecté à une source d'alimentation unique ou multiple AC. Le champ électrique qui se déplace sert alors comme un pinceau invisible pour nettoyer les surfaces et évite la poussière de pénétrer dans les joints des applications spatiales (par exemple les instruments qui roulent, les panneaux solaires, les appareils photo, etc.). En plus de cela, des modèles DEM ont été créés et calibrés sur la base des résultats expérimentaux pour étudier la capacité de cette technique pour nettoyer la poussière des surfaces dans l'environnement lunaire. En outre, l'idée de regrouper et de transporter le régolithe dans un palier lisse et l'employer comme un lubrifiant solide a été souligné. Les résultats des expériences montrent une performance satisfaisante du rideau électrique en termes de dépoussiérage des surfaces avec une faible consommation électrique. Ils suggèrent également la nécessité d'une standardisation des expériences abrasive pour les applications spatiales à faible température et pression. Une proposition par rapport aux résultats obtenu dans cette recherche est l'investissement de l'Agence Spatiale Canadienne sur les infrastructures et les équipements tels que "Les chambres sale" afin d'être en mesure de réaliser des expériences similaires dans des environnements poussiéreux comme la surface de la lune. Cette recherche est menée dans le cadre d'une subvention du CRSNG CRD entre Neptec Design Group, l'Agence Spatiale Canadienne et l'Université McGill.
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Curran, Natalie. "Unravelling the history of the lunar regolith." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2017. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/unravelling-the-history-of-the-lunar-regolith(9b80ec12-db98-44c7-824d-5f170e4ae3c1).html.

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The lunar regolith is sensitive to the bombardment history of the Moon and contains a wealth of knowledge regarding the types of processes that have modified the lunar crust through time. Noble gases that are produced and trapped in the lunar regolith, as a result of this interaction with the space environment, can be used to determine the cosmic ray exposure age, maturity, shielding depth and antiquity age of lunar regolith samples. This thesis aims to probe this temporal archive to further understand the impact history of the Moon contained within the regolith. Initially, all the published noble gas literature data for the Apollo regolith breccias, drill cores and soils was compiled into a database where trapped and cosmogenic noble gas component were calculated. These data were used to summarise the history of the lunar regolith contained in the Apollo sample archive. A dichotomy between the "ancient" (determined by the antiquity indicator using the 40Ar/36Artr ratio) regolith samples and those formed in more recent times has been described previously (e.g., McKay et al., 1986).The ancient breccias and soils (>~3.5 Ga) have typically experienced limited amounts of surface exposure (i.e., they are 'immature'). Whereas, regolith samples formed in more recent times ( < 3.5 Ga, << 2 Ga) show a range of maturities. It is likely that the difference in maturity between the ancient and younger breccias reflects the changing collisional conditions of the time i.e., impact flux and regolith turnover rates. Here, 12 lunar meteorite regolith breccias were analysed for their noble gas content (Ne, Ar, Xe isotopes) to determine if lunar meteorites show the same difference between (40Ar/36Ar)tr ratio and maturity. Lunar meteorites in this study and previously published data do show the same negative correlation between (40Ar/36Ar)tr ratio and maturity. Furthermore, many of the lunar meteorite samples have (40Ar/36Ar)tr ratio between 1 and 2.5 indicating antiquity ages of approximately 1-2 Ga. This potentially reflects a declining period of random intermediate impacts bracketing the period between the 'ancient' and 'recent' samples. The same techniques were applied to newly discovered lunar meteorite MIL 13317. This included a full petrology description, mineral chemistry, U-Pb and Pb-Pb ages, and analysis of noble gas content to decipher the regolith history of this new sample. The meteorite is a mixture of mare and highland components (including mare basalts, FAN, Mg-suite and KREEP) with ancient ages (~ 4.3Ga) and a complex regolith history (exposure age ~500 to 800 Ma, antiquity age ~1.92 Ga). MIL 13317 is an important addition to the lunar collection as it contains material from previously unsampled areas of the Moon which is interpreted here to be associated with the northern regions of the Procellarum KREEP Terrane. Work was also begun on Apollo 16 regolith breccias using the same analytical techniques. However, due to instrument issues and friable samples much of the work was not completed and will be continued after the PhD. Understanding the data collected here and the techniques used will feed forward to future missions to the Moon to understand noble gas concentrations in the lunar regolith.
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Meurisse, Alexandre [Verfasser]. "Solar 3D Printing of Lunar Regolith / Alexandre Meurisse." München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1162768061/34.

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Meurisse, Alexandre René Jacques [Verfasser]. "Solar 3D Printing of Lunar Regolith / Alexandre Meurisse." München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1162768061/34.

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Warell, Johan. "Regolith Properties of Mercury Derived from Observations and Modelling." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2003. http://publications.uu.se/theses/91-554-5535-2/.

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Singh, Mandeep. "Construction technique and strength of connected regolith bag structures." Auburn, Ala., 2007. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2007%20Spring%20Theses/SINGH_MANDEEP_3.pdf.

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Marks, Alan Stephen. "Remote sensing of the regolith, Shoalwater Bay area, Queensland." Thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/140068.

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Grundström, Billy. "Additive manufacturing of lunar regolith simulant using direct ink writing." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Tillämpad materialvetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-418249.

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In this work, the use of a lunar regolith simulant as feedstock for the direct ink writing additive manufacturing process is explored, the purpose of which is to enable future lunar in-situ resource utilisation. The feasibility of this approach is demonstrated in a laboratory setting by manufacturing objects with different geometries using methyl cellulose or sodium alginate as binding agents and water as liquid phase together with the lunar regolith simulant EAC-1A to create a viscous, printable ‘ink’ that is used in combination with a custom three-axis gantry system to produce green bodies for subsequent sintering. The sintered objects are characterised using compressive strength measurements and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It is proposed that the bioorganic compounds used in this work as additives could be produced at the site for a future lunar base through photosynthesis, utilising carbon dioxide exhaled by astronauts together with the available sunlight, meaning that all the components used for the dispersion – additive, water (in the form of ice) and regolith – are available in-situ. The compressive strength for sintered samples produced with this method was measured to be 2.4 MPa with a standard deviation of 0.2 MPa (n = 4). It is believed, based on the high sample porosity observed during SEM analysis, that the comparatively low mechanical strength of the manufactured samples is due to a non-optimal sintering procedure carried out at a too-low temperature, and that the mechanical strength could be increased by optimising the sintering process further.
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Dunker, Philip A. "A Biologically Inspired Robot for Lunar Exploration and Regolith Excavation." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1219803272.

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Books on the topic "Regolith"

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Cremeens, David L., Randall B. Brown, and J. Herbert Huddleston, eds. Whole Regolith Pedology. Madison, WI, USA: Soil Science Society of America, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sssaspecpub34.

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Sebrina, Brown, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. Lunar regolith bagging system. [Washington, D.C: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1990.

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Reuben, Cannon, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. Lunar regolith bagging system. [Washington, D.C.?]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1990.

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F, Pain C., ed. Regolith, soils and landforms. Chichester: John Wiley, 1996.

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Sander, Heinz. Relief- und Regolithgenese im nordöstlichen Kaokoland (Namibia). Passau: Fach Geographie der Universität Passau, 2004.

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Kauranne, Kalevi. Regolith exploration geochemistry in arctic and temperateterrains. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1992.

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., ed. Analysis of lunar regolith thermal energy storage. [Washington, DC]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1991.

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V, Morris Richard, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. Mossbauer mineralogy on the moon: The lunar regolith. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1997.

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V, Morris Richard, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. Mossbauer mineralogy on the moon: The lunar regolith. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1997.

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Kozenko, A. V. Evaluation of the mechanical properties of Phobos' regolith. Washington D.C: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1987.

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Book chapters on the topic "Regolith"

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Küppers, Michael, Colin Pain, Ákos Kereszturi, and Henrik Hargitai. "Regolith." In Encyclopedia of Planetary Landforms, 1–15. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9213-9_293-1.

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Küppers, Michael, Colin Pain, Ákos Kereszturi, and Henrik Hargitai. "Regolith." In Encyclopedia of Planetary Landforms, 1728–39. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3134-3_293.

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Hoffmann, Harald. "Regolith (Planetary)." In Encyclopedia of Astrobiology, 1446. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-11274-4_1364.

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Arndt, Nicholas. "Regolith (Terrestrial)." In Encyclopedia of Astrobiology, 1446–47. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-11274-4_1365.

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S., Vijayan. "Regolith Thickness." In Encyclopedia of Lunar Science, 1–7. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05546-6_42-1.

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Zhou, Chao, and Bin Liu. "Regolith Structure." In Encyclopedia of Lunar Science, 1–6. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05546-6_60-1.

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Hoffmann, Harald. "Regolith, Planetary." In Encyclopedia of Astrobiology, 2168–69. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44185-5_1364.

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Arndt, Nicholas. "Regolith, Terrestrial." In Encyclopedia of Astrobiology, 2169. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44185-5_1365.

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Arndt, Nicholas. "Regolith, Terrestrial." In Encyclopedia of Astrobiology, 1. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27833-4_1365-4.

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Hoffmann, Harald. "Regolith, Planetary." In Encyclopedia of Astrobiology, 1–2. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27833-4_1364-2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Regolith"

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Gies, John V. "Lunar Regolith." In Fifth International Conference on Space. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40177(207)87.

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Jalba, C., P. Milev, P. Schulz, A. Pflug, P. Ramm, O. Gusland, I. Ghitiu, et al. "DEAR project: Lunar dust surface interactions, risk and removal investigations." In Symposium on Space Educational Activities (SSAE). Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/conference-9788419184405.019.

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The DEAR project (Dusty Environment Application Research) investigates the interaction between lunar regolith and surfaces and components relevant for lunar exploration. Based on the TUBS regolith simulant which is representative in chemistry, size and shape properties to Moon soils to study the regolith transport, adhesion and strategies for cleaning. The regolith simulant will be applied to thermal, structural, optical sensor, sealing and other astronautic systems, providing input for requirements, justification and verification. The key applications are split in human space flight regolith investigations, wrinkled surface with random movement and hardware surfaces, flat material defined movement. The paper provides an overview of the DEAR project including a discussion of the first results, in particular vibration, shock and micro-vibration on regolith bearing surfaces. The investigation shall enable better understand the regolith layers interaction and the release mechanism, as well as potential cross contamination and cleaning strategies. The research is complemented by simulation of the regolith motion as parameter surface plasma interactions. The project is funded and supported by the European Space Agency (ESA). DEAR specifically addresses the development and testing of lunar dust removal strategies on optics, mechanisms and human space flight hardware (e.g., space suits). As the Moons regolith is known to be highly abrasive, electrically chargeable, and potentially chemically reactive, lunar dust might reduce the performance of hardware, such as cameras, thermal control surfaces and solar cells. The dust can cause malfunction on seals for on/off mechanisms or space suits. Of particular interest are risk assessment, avoidance, and cleaning techniques such as the use of electric fields to remove lunar dust from surfaces. Representative dust (e.g., regolith analogues of interesting landing sites) will be used in a dedicated test setup to evaluate risks and effects of lunar dust. We describe designs and methods developed by the DEAR consortium to deal with the regolith-related issues, in particular an electrode design to deflect regolith particles, cleaning of astronautical systems with CO2, design of a robotic arm for the testing within the DEAR chamber, regolith removal via shock, and regolith interaction with cleanroom textiles
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Allende, Maria I., Joshua E. Miller, B. Alan Davis, Eric L. Christiansen, Michael D. Lepech, and David J. Loftus. "Prediction of Micrometeoroid Damage to Lunar Construction Materials using Numerical Modeling of Hypervelocity Impact Events." In 2019 15th Hypervelocity Impact Symposium. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/hvis2019-036.

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Abstract Constructing a human-occupied Lunar base presents a unique civil engineering challenge; the resources to make conventional construction materials are unavailable. One approach, known as in-situ resource utilization (ISRU), proposes transforming local resources into construction materials [1,2]. One of the Moon’s most abundant resources is the unconsolidated surface “soil”, known as regolith. Several methods for transforming regolith into useful engineering elements, known as regolith stabilization, have been proposed and are the subjects of ongoing research efforts [e.g., 3-9]. One class of stabilized regolith material, Biopolymer-Bound Soil Composites (BSC), consists of regolith mixed with a small amount of biopolymer binding agent (10% w/w). BSC compares favorably to other stabilized regolith materials because it does not require high temperature or high energy input and uses a relatively small fraction of binder to achieve an average compressive strength of 20 MPa.
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Wu, Huanyu, Yuan Zou, Qi Zhao, Chi Zhang, and Wei Yang. "Micro-CT Characterization of Lunar Regolith Using Machine Learning-Based Segmentation." In 57th U.S. Rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium. ARMA, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.56952/arma-2023-0281.

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ABSTRACT On 17 December 2020, China's Chang’e-5 mission returned about 1.73 kg of lunar regolith from one of the youngest basalt units in northern Oceanus Procellarum. The mineralogy of the lunar surface regolith provides a wealth of information on its geological history, and the characterization of lunar regolith at high spatial resolution has been a significant goal of lunar exploration. In this study, we combine high-resolution micro-CT imaging and a state-of-the-art machine learning-based image processing approach to assess morphological and physical properties of the lunar regolith sample returned by Chang’e-5 mission. The lunar regolith sample was scanned by an X-ray micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) with a spatial resolution of 2.48 μm. A pixel-wise random forest classifier was employed to segment the volume data into regolith particles considering multiple features including intensity, edge and texture. On the basis of segmented images, the particle size distribution of the lunar regolith sample was extracted. The average density of the sample is estimated to be around 1582 kg/m3 based on a calibration of the relationship between the image intensity and material density. Particles with extremely high-density mineral phases (around 4500 kg/m3) in the sample are considered rich in metal elements such as iron and titanium. In addition, we were able to extract particles with distinguished features such as isolated pores, which implies the possible melting and solidification process related to past meteorite impacts. This study provides a workflow for micro-CT imaging-based analysis of lunar regolith. INTRODUCTION Characterization of lunar regolith is a key element in lunar base construction and in-situ resource utilization. Lunar exploration is currently the focus of deep space exploration programs around the world, including NASA's Artemis program (Creech et al., 2022) and China National Space Administration's Chang’e (CE) Project (Li et al., 2019). These exploration programs are ultimately expected to achieve a long-term human presence on the Moon. On 17 December 2020, roughly 1.73 kg of lunar regolith samples were brought back to Earth by China's CE-5 mission, which was the first-time sample return since the Apollo era around 50 years ago (Li et al., 2022). These lunar regolith samples came from a basaltic area in the northern Oceanus Procellarum (Qian et al., 2021), which is rather away from the previous nine sampling sites accomplished by NASA's Apollo missions and USSR's Lunar missions (Li et al., 2022). These samples provide us with rare opportunities to conduct experimental analysis using more precise methods in the laboratory, which has invaluable implications for deep space exploration research, compared to methods of remote detection of orbiters and in-situ investigation of lunar rovers.
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Schubert, Peter J. "Oxygen Separation from Lunar Regolith." In International Conference On Environmental Systems. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2007-01-3107.

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Kawamoto, H. "Electrostatic Regolith Sampling from Asteroids." In Thirteenth ASCE Aerospace Division Conference on Engineering, Science, Construction, and Operations in Challenging Environments, and the 5th NASA/ASCE Workshop On Granular Materials in Space Exploration. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784412190.042.

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Patterson, Ruby V., Danielle Y. Wyrick, Ashley Murphy, and Rachel Baillie. "GEOMECHANICAL TESTING OF REGOLITH SIMULANTS." In GSA Annual Meeting in Seattle, Washington, USA - 2017. Geological Society of America, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2017am-307470.

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Pereira, Aaron, and Annika Schmidt. "Efficient Haptic Rendering of Regolith." In 2021 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icra48506.2021.9561007.

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Zacny, Kris, Bruce Betts, Magnus Hedlund, Paul Long, Marc Gramlich, Keith Tura, Phil Chu, Abigail Jacob, and Abel Garcia. "PlanetVac: Pneumatic regolith sampling system." In 2014 IEEE Aerospace Conference. IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aero.2014.6836409.

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Lévy, François, Constance Adams, and Georgi Petrov. "Lunar Regolith Particles In Outposts." In AIAA SPACE 2009 Conference & Exposition. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2009-6585.

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Reports on the topic "Regolith"

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Froment, Marouchka, Philippe Lognonné, Taichi Kawaruma, Carene Larmat, Esteban Rougier, Zhou Lei, Bryan Jeffry Euser, and Sharon Kedar. Numerical modelling of impact seismic signals on regolith. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1530752.

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Froment, Marouchka. Internship Report: Numerical modelling of impact seismic signals on regolith. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1593106.

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Taylor, Holly L., Ivan F. Schroder, Philip T. Main, David C. Champion, and Tim Evans. Curnamona geochemistry compilation: metadata report for compiled rock, regolith and groundwater datasets. Geoscience Australia, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.11636/record.2022.039.

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de Caritat, P., D. Kirste, R. Dann, T. Evans, I. Schroder, and P. Main. Broken Hill Groundwater and Regolith Geochemistry (1999-2005): Datasets, Metadata and Geochemical Atlases. Geoscience Australia, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.11636/record.2022.020.

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Caritat, P. de, and U. Troitzsch. Towards a regolith mineralogy map of the Australian continent: a feasibility study in the Darling-Curnamona-Delamerian region. Geoscience Australia, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.11636/record.2021.035.

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Bulk quantitative mineralogy of regolith is a useful indicator of lithological precursor (protolith), degree of weathering, and soil properties affecting various potential landuse decisions. To date, no national-scale maps of regolith mineralogy are available in Australia. Catchment outlet sediments collected over 80% of the continent as part of the National Geochemical Survey of Australia (NGSA) afford a unique opportunity to rapidly and cost-effectively determine regolith mineralogy using the archived sample material. This report releases mineralogical data and metadata obtained as part of a feasibility study in a selected pilot area for such a national regolith mineralogy database and atlas. The area chosen for this study is within the Darling-Curnamona-Delamerian (DCD) region of southeastern Australia. The DCD region was selected as a ‘deep-dive’ data acquisition and analysis by the Exploration for the Future (2020-2024) federal government initiative managed at Geoscience Australia. One hundred NGSA sites from the DCD region were prepared for X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis, which consisted of qualitative mineral identification of the bulk samples (i.e., ‘major’ minerals), qualitative clay mineral identification of the <2 µm grain-size fraction, and quantitative analysis of both ‘major’ and clay minerals of the bulk sample. The identified mineral phases were quartz, plagioclase, K-feldspar, calcite, dolomite, gypsum, halite, hematite, goethite, rutile, zeolite, amphibole, talc, kaolinite, illite (including muscovite and biotite), palygorskite (including interstratified illite-smectite and vermiculite), smectite (including interstratified illite-smectite), vermiculite, and chlorite. Poorly diffracting material (PDM) was also quantified and reported as ‘amorphous’. Mineral identification relied on the EVA® software, whilst quantification was performed using Siroquant®. Resulting mineral abundances are reported with a Chi-squared goodness-of-fit between the actual diffractogram and a modelled diffractogram for each sample, as well as an estimated standard error (esd) measurement of uncertainty for each mineral phase quantified. Sensitivity down to 0.1 wt% (weight percent) was achieved, with any mineral detection below that threshold reported as ‘trace’. Although detailed interpretation of the mineralogical data is outside the remit of the present data release, preliminary observations of mineral abundance patterns suggest a strong link to geology, including proximity to fresh bedrock, weathering during sediment transport, and robust relationships between mineralogy and geochemistry. The mineralogical data generated by this study are presented in Appendix A of this report and are downloadable as a .csv file. Mineral abundance or presence/absence maps are shown in Appendices B and C to document regional mineralogical patterns.
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Desem, C. U., R. Maas, J. Woodhead, G. Carr, and P. de Caritat. Towards a Pb isotope regolith map of the Australian continent: a Northern Territory perspective. Geoscience Australia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.11636/134130.

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Smith, M. L. Exploring for the Future—regolith-landform mapping for the Alice Springs region: Northern Territory. Geoscience Australia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.11636/record.2020.009.

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Liberty, Lee, and James St. Clair. Regolith, rock and fluid distributions at the Upper Colorado River Basin via a multicomponent seismic imaging approach. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1737829.

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Smith, M. L., and J. D. A. Clarke. Exploring for the Future—Regolith-landform mapping for the Ti Tree, Western Davenport and Tennant Creek regions: Northern Territory. Geoscience Australia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.11636/record.2020.010.

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Jackson, G. D. Bedrock geology, northwest part of Nuluujaak Mountain, Baffin Island, Nunavut, part of NTS 37-G/5. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/314670.

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The map area lies about 40 km northwest of Baffinland's iron mine. Dykes of unit mAnA3 within unit mAnA2 suggest that unit mAnA2 predates unit mAnA3. Unit nAMqf, basal Mary River Group unit, includes regolith material from units mAnA2 and mAnA3. Unit mAnAm may include some dykes of unit nAMb. The Mary River Group was deposited in a volcanic-arc environment, yielding zircon U-Pb ages mostly in the range of 2.88 to 2.72 Ga. Iron-formation (unit nAMi) is approximately 276 m thick locally, with oxide facies (unit nAMio) being most abundant. The quartzite triangle west of 'Iron lake' (unofficial name) may be a small horst. The main east-west-trending synclinal fold, including the area around 'Iron lake' and the no. 4 ore deposit, is upright, nearly isoclinal, and plunges mostly easterly at both ends with small scale anticlines and synclines in the middle. Magnetite constitutes about 75% of high-grade iron deposits in the north limb, whereas hematite predominates in south-limb deposits. K-Ar and Rb-Sr ages indicate middle Paleoproterozoic overprinting. Central Borden Fault Zone was active at ca. 1.27 Ga and during or after Ordovician time. Note: please be aware that the information contained in CGM 408 is based on legacy data from the 1960-1990s and that it has been superseded by regional-scale information contained in CGM 403.
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