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Journal articles on the topic 'Regional planning – england'

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Published: 25 July 2024

Last updated: 26 July 2024

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1

Roberts Shaw, Peter W., and M. Greg Lloyd. "Regional Development Agencies in England: New Strategic Regional Planning Issues?" Regional Studies 34, no. 1 (February 2000): 75–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00343400050005907.

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2

Counsell, David, and Graham Haughton. "Regional Planning Tensions: Planning for Economic Growth and Sustainable Development in Two Contrasting English Regions." Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 21, no. 2 (April 2003): 225–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c0221.

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The new regional governance arrangements for England are raising profound challenges for the integration of planning, sustainable-development, and economic-development strategies. The authors examine how tensions are emerging in respect of efforts to provide employment sites for large-scale inward investments, using the contrasting experiences of the South East and North East of England during the period 1997–2001. Some major ideological faultlines between national control over plan making and regional aspirations to devise distinctive approaches to planning for regional development are revealed.

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3

Marshall, Tim. "After Structure Planning: The New Sub-regional Planning in England." European Planning Studies 15, no. 1 (January 2007): 107–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09654310600852670.

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4

Cross, Donald, David Gillingwater, Tim Shaw, Tessa Coombes, Peter Fidler, Anthony Hathaway, Jeremy Alden, and C. L. W. Minay. "Developing regional planning guidance in England and Wales." Town Planning Review 63, no. 4 (October 1992): 415. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/tpr.63.4.f755372370125117.

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5

Chung, Him. "Unequal Regionalism: Regional Planning in China and England." Planning Practice & Research 30, no. 5 (October 20, 2015): 570–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02697459.2015.1076135.

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6

Marshall, Tim. "Regional planning in England: Progress and pressures since 1997." Town Planning Review 75, no. 4 (December 2004): 447–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/tpr.75.4.4.

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7

Roberts, Peter, and Mark Baker. "Sub-regional planning in England: Neglected opportunity or unwanted complexity?" Town Planning Review 75, no. 3 (September 2004): 265–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/tpr.75.3.2.

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8

Smith, Steven P., and William R. Sheate. "Sustainability Appraisals of Regional Planning Guidance and Regional Economic Strategies in England: An Assessment." Journal of Environmental Planning and Management 44, no. 5 (September 2001): 735–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09640560120080009.

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9

Baker, M., and C. Wong. "Planning for Housing Land in the English Regions: A Critique of Household Projections and Regional Planning Guidance Mechanisms." Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 15, no. 1 (March 1997): 73–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c150073.

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In this paper the authors examine the technical assumptions and measurement errors involved in the population and household projections which constitute the basic ingredient of housing land allocations in England. They also provide an analysis of the advice on housing land provision in the Regional Planning Guidance (RPG) series, picking out similarities and differences in the approach taken by the Secretary of State for the Environment in each region. They conclude with some thoughts on the appropriateness of current mechanisms for the allocation of future housing requirements at the strategic or regional level.

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10

Roberts, Peter. "Regional planning guidance in England and Wales: back to the future?" Town Planning Review 67, no. 1 (January 1996): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/tpr.67.1.b4640515423q2430.

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11

Pattison, Gary. "The Role of Participants in Producing Regional Planning Guidance in England." Planning Practice and Research 16, no. 3-4 (August 2001): 349–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02697450120112415.

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12

Pugalis, Lee, and Alan Townsend. "Spatial rescaling of economic planning the English way." Spatium, no. 27 (2012): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/spat1227001p.

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Across England, planning and governance modes of regulation of supra-local development strategies are undergoing important transformations. In particular, the UK?s Coalition Government, which was has been in office since 2010, has a political and financial mission of rescaling and simplifying sub-national economic planning. As a consequence of the abandonment of regional apparatus, which can be understood almost as a ?scorched earth? approach, a strategic leadership fissure has arisen between national and local scales of policy. Analyzing the theory and processes of spatial rescaling, including the emergence of new geographies of governance at the sub-regional scale, the paper illustrates some of the key opportunities and dilemmas arising from these ?scalar shifts?. Drawing on the case of Local Enterprise Partnerships - which are supra-local non-statutory spatial governance entities - the paper questions whether these new public-private arrangements present a pragmatic way of resolving the strategic tensions between elected local authority areas that would otherwise be seriously ignored in England after regions. The paper examines whether state-led rescaling in effect provides a new ?cover? for some old politics.

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13

Carroll, B. A. "Strategic water planning for South East England: preparing for proposed development." Water Science and Technology 48, no. 10 (November 1, 2003): 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2003.0526.

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The South East of England has one of the fastest growing and economically active populations in Europe, with associated significant pressures from development, particularly housing and transport. Sustainable water management has been identified as a major issue for future development of the region. The South East England Regional Assembly and the Environment Agency have carried out a study to investigate the potential constraints that flood risk, water resources, and water quality may pose on development. The study aims to improve understanding in order to inform the revision of regional planning polices and suggest practical guidance for local authorities to implement such policies. Wide technical consultation was carried out with the Environment Agency, local planning authorities and development agencies. Threshold Assessment was investigated as a technique to assess the potential impacts on the environment of various levels of forecast growth within selected parts of the region. Initial results indicate the need for more strategic and better integrated planning which recognises environmental and development boundaries.

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14

Muraki, Miki, and Hironao Ogura. "Renewable Energy Policies and its Practice onTown and Regional Planning in England." Journal of the City Planning Institute of Japan 40.3 (2005): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.11361/journalcpij.40.3.25.

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15

Muraki, Miki, and Hironao Ogura. "Renewable Energy Policies and its Practice onTown and Regional Planning in England." Journal of the City Planning Institute of Japan 40 (2005): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.11361/cpij1.40.0.5.0.

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16

Kidd, Sue. "Landscape Planning at the Regional Scale: An example from North West England." Landscape Research 25, no. 3 (November 2000): 355–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/713684686.

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17

SEKI, Keiko, Eiko HANAWA, Yusuke NAKADA, and Shuichi YAMAMOTO. "Transition of Governance for Regional Policy in England." Journal of the City Planning Institute of Japan 43 (2008): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.11361/cpij1.43.0.57.0.

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18

Marquand, David, and John Tomaney. "Regional government and sustainability: Taking devolution in England forward." New Economy 8, no. 1 (March 2001): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0041.00180.

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19

Buser, Michael, and Stuart Farthing. "Spatial Planning as an Integrative Mechanism: A Study of Sub-regional Planning in South Hampshire, England." Planning Practice & Research 26, no. 3 (June 2011): 307–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02697459.2011.580113.

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20

Webber, Don J., John Hudson, Martin Boddy, and Anthony Plumridge. "Regional productivity differentials in England: Explaining the gap." Papers in Regional Science 88, no. 3 (August 2009): 609–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1435-5957.2008.00209.x.

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21

McGuinness, David, Paul Greenhalgh, and Paul Grainger. "Does one size fit all? Place-neutral national planning policy in England and its impact on housing land supplies and local development plans in North East England." Local Economy: The Journal of the Local Economy Policy Unit 33, no. 3 (May 2018): 329–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269094218772974.

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This article examines the impact of the National Planning Policy Framework’s requirement that all local planning authorities in England should strive to achieve a robust supply of housing land to satisfy demand for housing development for a minimum of five years. Conceptually the paper challenges the orthodox place-neutral view propounded by UK central government (and many major housing developers) that a bottleneck in land supply caused by deficiencies in the local (plan-led) planning system is the central barrier to unblocking housing supply in all parts of the country. Theoretically, we contend that the five-year land supply requirement within the National Planning Policy Framework is an example of a spatially place-neutral policy approach that does not comprehend the place-based nuances in local and regional land and housing markets in England. Empirically, it explores a case study of all 12 local planning authorities in the North East of England, to question whether a uniform ( one size fits all) approach to identifying a five-year supply of land for housing development across England is effectual. Analysis of empirical data validates concerns that in some peripheral localities, other variables constrain housing deliverability more significantly than land supply, issues such as limited mortgage and development finance, an abundance of brownfield land, negative place-based stigma and development viability concern. The research concludes that centrally defined, inflexible, place-neutral planning policy is a significant impairment to some local planning authorities in the North of England achieving up-to-date local plans.

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22

Lloyd, M. G., and J. Rowan‐Robinson. "Regional reports or structure plans? Opportunities for strategic planning in England and Wales." Planning Outlook 31, no. 1 (January 1988): 47–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00320718808711819.

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23

Pemberton, Simon, and Janice Morphet. "Libertarian Paternalism as a Tool to Explore Strategic Sub-Regional Planning in England?" European Planning Studies 21, no. 12 (December 2013): 2020–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2012.722971.

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24

Niner, Pat, and Philip Brown. "First steps towards regional planning for Gypsy and Traveller sites in England: Evidence-based planning in practice." Town Planning Review 80, no. 6 (November 2009): 627–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/tpr.2009.15.

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25

Hudson, Ray. "Rethinking Change in Old Industrial Regions: Reflecting on the Experiences of North East England." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 37, no. 4 (April 2005): 581–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a36274.

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The author reflects upon regional economic change and the ways in which this is conceptualised and understood, drawing heavily but not exclusively on some thirty years of research on economy, politics and society in the North East of England. The principal question that this paper addresses is: how are the long periods of continuity, punctuated by occasional major shifts in developmental trajectory and the region's place in the global economy, to be understood? The author seeks to answer this question by exploring the extent to which continuity and change in the region's developmental trajectory can be understood in terms of evolutionary and institutional concepts and the varying engagement of the state with issues of socioeconomic development and change. The value of theoretical plurality in seeking to understand uneven development in capitalism is demonstrated and the limits to public policies that seek to address regional problems indicated.

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26

Chen, Yu-Wang, Lei Ni, Dong-Ling Xu, and Jian-Bo Yang. "Visualising regional disparities in the risk of COVID-19 at different phases of lockdown in England." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 53, no. 5 (January 19, 2021): 883–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308518x20984165.

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Since late January 2020 when the first coronavirus case reached England, United Kingdom, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread rapidly and widely across all local authorities (LAs) in England. In this featured graphic, we visualise how COVID-19 severity changes nationally and locally from 30 January to 23 November 2020. The geo-visualisation shows that there have been large regional disparities in the severity of the outbreak, and the epicentres have shifted from Greater London, Leicester, to the North of England and remained in the North during pre-lockdown, post-lockdown, easing lockdown and second national lockdown phases. We further find that the increase in the testing capacity may partially explain the sharp increase in the confirmed cases during the second wave of the pandemic. However, the disparities in the severity of COVID-19 (i.e., confirmed cases and deaths) among LAs in England become more significant over time. It further sheds light on the necessity of establishing decisive and timely responses to cope with local pandemic situations.

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27

Bafarasat, Abbas Ziafati, Mark Baker, and Anna Growe. "The integrating role of regional spatial planning: five mechanisms of policy integration." Town Planning Review: Volume ahead-of-print ahead-of-print (August 1, 2020): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/tpr.2021.53.

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Policy integration is considered an essential condition for constructing a more sustainable society, but proponents of sustainable development differ in their views about what is to be integrated, what is to be developed, how to link environment and development, and for how long a time. Regional spatial planning has been a locus of attempts to resolve these differences and realise policy integration, but its mechanisms to achieve this remain less explored. This study sets out to meet three objectives as follows: (1) to identify, through a systematic literature review, a broad set of mechanisms by which (regional) spatial planning realises joined-up policy making; (2) to illustrate the identified mechanisms in two distinct spatial planning systems, Germany and England; and (3) to generate insights into factors that contribute to, and confine, the identified mechanisms. The findings identify five integrating mechanisms of spatial planning that could inform plan making, analysis and monitoring and provide lessons about the potential and constraints of these mechanisms in different social, institutional and political contexts.

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28

Mawson, John. "Regional governance in England: past experience, future directions?" International Journal of Public Sector Management 20, no. 6 (August 28, 2007): 548–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09513550710818412.

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29

Smythe, Tiffany C. "Marine spatial planning as a tool for regional ocean governance?: An analysis of the New England ocean planning network." Ocean & Coastal Management 135 (January 2017): 11–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2016.10.015.

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30

Walmsley, D. J. "Country Town Newspapers and Regional Consciousness: A New England Case Study." Urban Policy and Research 7, no. 2 (June 1989): 60–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08111148908551388.

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31

Breathnach, Proinnsias, Eoin O’Mahony, and Chris van Egeraat. "The changing map of subnational governance in the Republic of Ireland." Administration 69, no. 1 (February 1, 2021): 113–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/admin-2021-0009.

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Abstract The evolution of the territorial structure of Ireland’s system of local government during the period of colonial rule by England is outlined. The independence period saw little change in this structure until the abolition of municipal-level government in 2014, reflecting the very marginal role of devolved administration in Ireland’s political system. The creation and functioning of regional-level administrative systems, mainly related to the management of EU Structural Fund expenditure, are reviewed. Regional assemblies, established in 2015, have the role of preparing regional strategies under the 2018 National Planning Framework. Ongoing problems arising from a mismatch between subnational governance systems and underlying socio-spatial structures are discussed.

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32

Handley, John, Robert Wood, and Sue Kidd. "Defining coherence for landscape planning and management: a regional landscape strategy for North West England." Landscape Research 23, no. 2 (July 1998): 133–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01426399808706532.

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33

Mell, Ian. "What Future for Green Infrastructure Planning? Evaluating the Changing Environment for Green Infrastructure Planning Following the Revocation of Regional Planning Policy in England." Planning Practice & Research 35, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 18–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02697459.2020.1714271.

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34

Kromm, David E. "REGIONAL WATER MANAGEMENT: AN ASSESSMENT OF INSTITUTIONS IN ENGLAND AND WALES1." Professional Geographer 37, no. 2 (May 1985): 183–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0033-0124.1985.00183.x.

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35

Isweran, M. S., and Elizabeth M. Bardsley. "Secure Facilities for Mentally Impaired Patients." Bulletin of the Royal College of Psychiatrists 11, no. 2 (February 1987): 52–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/s0140078900024238.

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Regional Secure Units are already in operation in many Regions in England and Wales and in others secure units are either in the planning stage or are being built. Interim units are available in most of the Regions without a permanent unit. Almost all these developments appear to favour the mentally ill, and the placement of mentally impaired patients is not receiving sufficient consideration.

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36

Regan, C. M., W. Sopwith, M. Ashton, Q. Syed, M. Painter, K. Mutton, and K. Paver. "Surveillance of influenza in the North-West Region of England 2001-02." Eurosurveillance 7, no. 12 (December 1, 2002): 174–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2807/esm.07.12.00388-en.

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A local sentinel network of general practitioners has been established in the north west of England for the surveillance of influenza. In the 2001–02 winter, consultation rates for influenza-like-illness (ILI) were low but the surveillance network was able to demonstrate sub-regional variations in the timing of peak influenza activity, and the infection of different age groups. This suggests the network can contribute to better planning to winter pressures on the North West health service.

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37

OSBORNE, HARVEY, and MICHAEL WINSTANLEY. "Rural and Urban Poaching in Victorian England." Rural History 17, no. 2 (September 26, 2006): 187–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956793306001877.

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Poaching is commonly portrayed as the archetypal nineteenth-century ‘rural’ crime, particularly associated with agricultural districts of southern and eastern England. This study argues that this interpretation is misleading. Judicial statistics collected from the mid-nineteenth century suggest that poaching was much more widespread in the North and Midlands than has previously been acknowledged. These industrialising regions largely determined the national trends in poaching in the second half of the century which have usually been considered to be characteristics of rural society in the South. The South shared neither the national peak in prosecutions of the mid-1870s nor the dramatic decline in prosecutions thereafter. It considers a range of possible explanations for these different regional trends. These include a discussion of the potential motivation of so-called ‘steam age poachers’ but also the growing regional specialisation in game preservation during the period and the different opportunities, and obstacles, this presented for poaching.

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38

O'Farrell, P. N., and R. P. Oakey. "Regional Variations in the Adoption of Computer-Numerically-Controlled Machine Tools by Small Engineering Firms: A Multivariate Analysis." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 24, no. 6 (June 1992): 887–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a240887.

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In this paper those factors that influence the adoption of computer-numerically-controlled (CNC) machine tools by small mechanical engineering firms in three regions: the South East of England, Scotland, and Wales are investigated. Evidence is presented on CNC machine adoption in the three regions. A logistic regression model of the probability of CNC lathe adoption is developed and a regression model of the data of first adoption is calibrated. Welsh firms recorded lower adoption probabilities than firms based in either South East England or Scotland; and Scottish companies adopted some two years earlier than companies in the other two regions.

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39

Morphet, Janice, and Simon Pemberton. "‘Regions Out—Sub-regions In’—Can Sub-regional Planning Break the Mould? The View from England." Planning Practice and Research 28, no. 4 (February 14, 2013): 384–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02697459.2013.767670.

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40

Hall, John. "From Cottage to Community Hospitals: Watlington Cottage Hospital and its Regional Context, 1874–2000." Local Population Studies, no. 88 (June 30, 2012): 33–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.35488/lps88.2012.33.

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The appearance in England from the 1850s of 'cottage hospitals' in considerable numbers constituted a new and distinctive form of hospital provision. The historiography of hospital care has emphasised the role of the large teaching hospitals, to the neglect of the smaller and general practitioner hospitals. This article inverts that attention, by examining their history and shift in function to 'community hospitals' within their regional setting in the period up to 2000. As the planning of hospitals on a regional basis began from the 1920s, the impact of NHS organisational and planning mechanisms on smaller hospitals is explored through case studies at two levels. The strategy for community hospitals of the Oxford NHS Region—one of the first Regions to formulate such a strategy—and the impact of that strategy on one hospital, Watlington Cottage Hospital, is critically examined through its existence from 1874 to 2000.

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41

Webber, James L., and Martijn Kuller. "Enhancing the Visibility of SuDS in Strategic Planning Using Preliminary Regional Opportunity Screening." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 10, no. 11 (October 27, 2021): 726. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10110726.

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Surface water flooding poses significant threats to communities and environments. This threat has historically been managed through sewers and combined sewer overflows; however, it is now well recognised that, alone, these legacy systems are insufficient to manage the growing pressures from climate change, population growth and urbanisation. This realisation has led to research and practice developing a broad range of new technologies to enhance the coping capacities of existing sewer systems through capturing and attenuating or reusing surface water across catchments using sustainable drainage systems (SuDS). However, despite technical understanding, industry champions and significant best practice, SuDS remain underutilised, particularly at a synergistic catchment scale where they can be most effective. In this paper we respond to this challenge by developing preliminary screening tools to enhance the visibility of SuDS among the multidisciplinary decision-makers responsible for directing strategic surface water management. We achieve this through upscaling a regional decision support model and demonstrating implementation across a case study in South West England. We find that it is possible to use easily accessible and open-source data to provide initial indications of SuDS opportunities and that this early visibility in the decision-making process can be used to support the consideration of novel and effective surface water management strategies.

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42

Pemberton, Simon, and David Shaw. "New Forms of Sub-regional Governance and Implications for Rural Areas: Evidence from England." Planning Practice and Research 27, no. 4 (August 2012): 441–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02697459.2012.682476.

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43

Stobart, Jon. "In Search of Causality: A Regional Approach to Urban Growth in Eighteenth-century England." Geografiska Annaler, Series B: Human Geography 82B, no. 3 (January 2000): 149–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0467.00080.

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44

Stobart, Jon. "In search of causality: a regional approach to urban growth in eighteenth‐century england." Geografiska Annaler: Series B, Human Geography 82, no. 3 (October 2000): 149–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0435-3684.2000.00080.x.

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45

Greenhalgh, Paul, and Keith Shaw. "Regional development agencies and physical regeneration in England: can RDAs deliver the urban renaissance?" Planning Practice and Research 18, no. 2-3 (May 2003): 161–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0269745032000168232.

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46

Cidell, Julie. "Regional cooperation and the regionalization of air travel in Central New England." Journal of Transport Geography 14, no. 1 (January 2006): 23–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2004.10.003.

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47

Musson, Steven, Adam Tickell, and Peter John. "A Decade of Decentralisation? Assessing the Role of the Government Offices for the English Regions." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 37, no. 8 (August 2005): 1395–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a36253.

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The Government Offices for the English regions were established in 1994 to coordinate the regional activities of three central government departments. A decade on, regional government in England is greatly expanded, and two other institutions of regional governance, the Regional Development Agencies and the Regional Assemblies, have also been created. In 2002 the Labour government proposed that this ‘triad’ of regional governance should be further reformed and strengthened, in some places being brought to democratic account. In this paper, we argue that academic research on the English regions has generally focused on the Regional Development Agencies and to a lesser extent the Regional Assemblies, to the exclusion of the Government Offices. This focus has led some to overstate the extent to which regional government represents the real decentralisation of power. Focusing on the role of the Government Offices, we argue that central government retains a great deal of power over the ‘triad’ institutions, which in their current form may be unable to challenge the structure of power in the English state.

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48

Gibb, K., A. McGregor, and M. Munro. "Housebuilding in a Recession: A Regional Case Study." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 29, no. 10 (October 1997): 1739–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a291739.

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In this paper we examine recently completed research in the Scottish housebuilding industry as it emerges from recession. A regionally differentiated downturn in construction activity has hit Scotland less severely than parts of England but the Scottish experience may nonetheless be able to shed light on prospects for the future. In the paper we use a structure-conduct-performance paradigm to classify the industry and to see where and by how much it departs from competitive market behaviour. It is clear from the evidence that the industry is restructuring and experiencing problems in a number of areas. With this in mind we discuss a range of short-run and medium-term policy directions that might change the future path of the sector. We conclude with a call for further industrial organisation research in this area, utilising the neoinstitutional economics insights of transactions costs, etc.

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49

Kolhe, Shivam, Vikas Khanduja, and Ajay Malviya. "TEMPORAL TRENDS AND REGIONAL VARIATION OF HIP ARTHROSCOPY AND PELVIC OSTEOTOMY IN ENGLAND FROM 2010 TO 2023." Orthopaedic Proceedings 106-B, SUPP_6 (May 2, 2024): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/1358-992x.2024.6.048.

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Hip arthroscopy (HA) and pelvic osteotomy (PO) are surgical procedures used to treat a variety of hip pathology affecting young adults, including femoroacetabular impingement and hip dysplasia respectively. This study aimed to investigate the trends and regional variation in the provision of HA and PO across England from 2010 to 2023 to inform healthcare resource allocation.We analysed the National Hospital Episode Statistics database for all HA and PO procedures in NHS England using specific OPCS-4 codes: HA: ‘W83+Z843’ or ‘W84+Z843’; PO: ‘X222+Z75’. We collected patient demographics, age, sex, and region of treatment. We performed descriptive and regression analyses to evaluate temporal trends in PO volume, age, sex and regional variation.22,401 HAs and 1,348 POs were recorded between 2010 and 2023. The annual number of HAs declined by 28.4%, whilst the number of POs increased by 64% (p<0.001). Significantly more females underwent PO vs HA (90% vs 61.3%) and were older than males undergoing the same procedure (PO: 29.0±8.7 vs 25.8±9.2 years; HA: 36.8±12.0 years vs 35.8±11.2 years, p<0.001). For HA, the mean age of both sexes decreased by 3.3 and 2.9 years respectively (p<0.001), whereas the age of PO patients did not change significantly over the study period. There were significant regional variations with a mean incidence of 1.60/100,00 for HA (ranging from 0.70–2.66 per 100,000) and 0.43/100,000 for PO (ranging from 0.08–2.07 per 100,000).We have observed a decline in HA volume in England, likely due to improved patient selection and the impact of COVID-19, whilst PO volume has significantly increased, with regional variation persisting for both procedures. These trends highlight the need for equitable HA and PO access to improve patient outcomes and call for strategic healthcare planning and resource allocation to reduce disparities and improve training opportunities.

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Wallace, Simon A., Jennifer Bennett, and Brendan Ward. "The Development of Alcohol Strategies in England and Wales." Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 86, no. 6 (June 1993): 319–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014107689308600606.

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Alcohol has become a major public health problem in the UK. In order to coordinate the work of both statutory and non-statutory agencies more efficiently and effectively, a government circular HN(89)4 has emphasized the need for development of local multi-agency alcohol misuse prevention strategies. Despite expressed enthusiasm for alcohol strategies, information about their development, effectiveness and overall national progress is scarce and needs to be improved. This national survey reports the most recent and accurate information about the development of district and regional alcohol strategies in England and Wales. Although only 51 (27%) districts stated they had a strategy, it was encouraging to find 90 (47%) other districts that were in the process of, or planning to develop such a document. Of the 51 districts with a strategy, the following key findings were noted: Forty-three (84%) districts stated that they had started to implement their strategy, but none claimed to have fully implemented it. Thirty-six (71%) districts stated that their strategy had an action plan. Thirty-four (67%) districts stated that their strategy had been officially endorsed by the district health authority. Thirty-eight (76%) districts stated that they had identified an individual or group to monitor the strategies' implementation. The results of the survey could be of interest to the Department of Health, the Faculty of Public Health Medicine, the Health Education Authority and the regional alcohol coordinators. The development of district and regional alcohol strategies has a role to play in achieving the alcohol targets in the recent Health of the Nation White Paper and is also a good example of the formation of healthy alliances to tackle a major public health problem.

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