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McDonald, Sharyn. "Metropolitan parks in Melbourne : a critical analysis of factors affecting visitation by regional Victorians /." Access full text, 2006. http://www.lib.latrobe.edu.au/thesis/public/adt-LTU20070716.111736/index.html.
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Thesis (M.Bus.) -- La Trobe University, 2006.<br>"A thesis submitted in total fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Business, [to the] School of Sport, Tourism and Hospitality Management, Faculty of Law and Management, La Trobe University, Bundoora". Research. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 159-184). Also available via the World Wide Web.
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Tantanasiriwong, Kasem. "The Role of Institutions for the Development of Science Parks : The Case of Regional Science Parks in Thailand." Thesis, KTH, Industriell ekonomi och organisation (Inst.), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-188213.
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This thesis contributes to the understanding of the role of institutions as a factor for the development of Science Park projects. Semi-structured interviews have been conducted to find out the institutional factors given by Science Park Promotion Agency (SPA), supported by Ministry of Science and Technology, Thailand in response to Regional Science Parks in Thailand. Research findings show that steady standard of practice, explicit governance, continued budget allocation and capacity building are regarded crucial. Yet, other empirical results suggest that some institutions should be adjusted in a holistic manner in order to accelerate the innovation process in the long run. Furthermore, the results illustrate a growing tendency of interplay between different roles of institutional spheres - academia, industries and public sectors. Overall, this thesis tends to benefit policy-makers involving in the Science Park development project, helping them perceive the implications of their on-going measures to Regional Science Park and related national innovation systems.
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Danby, Ryan Kenneth. "Regional ecology of the St. Elias Mountain Parks, a synthesis with management implications." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0006/MQ44814.pdf.
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Poirier, Desmond. "Skate parks : a guide for landscape architects." Thesis, Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/954.
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Rowland, Jennifer. "Conceptualizing Urban Green Space within Municipal Sustainability Plans| Parks, Tree Canopy, and Urban Gardens." Thesis, The George Washington University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1556725.
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<p> As the concept of sustainability gains prominence in the U.S., municipal governments have begun adopting official sustainability plans to outline their goals for a sustainable future. However, with an absence of national guidelines or a streamlined definition of sustainability, these plans contain infinitely diverse goals, policies and motivations. One aspect of sustainability which has a diverse array of benefits and challenges is urban green space. This research uses content analysis and coding of municipal sustainability plans to gain insight into how U.S. cities conceptualize urban green space in the forms of parks, tree canopy and urban gardens and in the greater context of sustainability. This thesis specifically looks at the creation of municipal sustainability plans, how cities organize green space, how cities value green spaces, the kinds of green space goals and benchmarks that cities set, and the inclusion of equity in the realm of green spaces. The 20 case study cities have shown green spaces are an important component of sustainability planning and are conceptualized and included in varying and unique ways. The way a plan is created, the people involved or excluded from the plan creation process and the agreements or groups that cities join can impact how cities envision sustainability and how they conceptualize green space within the plan. The concepts of sustainability and green space appear to be best articulated and operationalized in the context of many voices, viewpoints and opinions. In the categorization of green space, this research found that only a few cities had headings specific to green space, but instead associated it primarily with other aspects of the natural environment. This research also found that the language used to describe green space is broad and varied. Standardization or concrete definitions of these terms may make plans more accessible. Cities discussed environmental, economic and social benefits of green spaces in their plans. Overall, cities valued environmental benefits the most and the majority of benefits identified in the plans are anthropocentric in nature. Some of the best practice green space goals identified within the plans were the inclusion of green corridors, native vegetation, increasing the tree canopy, changing zoning codes to include urban agriculture and goals related to equity and access. Overall, both the goal setting and measurement processes of urban green space serve as beneficial ways for cities to achieve their broader sustainability goals. However, these goals cannot be fully realized when their distribution and access are unequal across the city and when decisions are made without the input of local residents. This research found that there is a gulf between equity being mentioned in a plan, and the depth to which it is explored in the context of green space, leaving room for cities to improve their incorporation of equity in their planning for green spaces. This research has shown that cities conceptualize green spaces in a variety of ways and while there are several successes, there is also a lot of room for improvement in both green space planning and sustainability planning.</p>
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Lenton, Jennifer L. "Identifying areas of concern for regional cumulative effects assessments in and around northern national parks in Canada." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0019/MQ53272.pdf.
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Braga, Luci Merhy Martins 1959. "Parques agrários no baixo Jaguaribe = arquitetura rural da região dos perímetros irrigados resultante do planejamento de bacias hidrográficas." [s.n.], 2011. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/257843.
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Orientador: André Munhoz de Argollo Ferrão<br>Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo<br>Abstract: Human interventions confer throughout history personality and typical characteristics in several regions. In Ceará, the region of the irrigated areas of low Jaguaribe is a good example of the interaction that takes place in the landscape, mainly by human disturbances - which reveals a mastery over nature - and by the landscapes when associated to the historic value of the place. This interaction results in a cultural landscape with relevant asset value marking man's work over territory. This research presents a case where the social and economic development of a region alters the landscape of the place and it is supported by sustainable processes based on appropriate management plan for water resources and advanced technology in irrigation and agricultural production. The irrigated fruit growing in the lower Jaguaribe area, in Brazil Ceara state northeastern is the resulting agent and at the same time induces the processes and the technical-scientific advances in engineering and architecture, creating wealth and important associated agribusiness assets. Considering possible associations with the introduction of irrigated fruit growing in the lower Jaguaribe area, the research was made under the focus of Rural Architecture, based on the Process Oriented Research Method, which approaches cultural and regional productive processes. The present work establishes a comparison between the irrigated areas of low Jaguaribe (and region that it includes) with the lower Llobregat Agrarian Park, located in the urban fringe of Barcelona, Spain, recognized as a model of regional development, revitalization on agricultural potential, where, through an intelligent management, it is possible to maintain the rural heritage and also promote local tourism. It appears that in the low Jaguaribe area the land management reflects the coevolution of the context generated by the use of high technology and simple and traditional production processes. Therefore, the choice of this region did not occur randomly, but by the great intervention that the integration of all its processes are generating over the dry landscape, turning "the place of dry" in a place of irrigated fruit production<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-18T10:55:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
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Previous issue date: 2011<br>Resumo: As intervenções humanas conferem ao longo da história, personalidade e características próprias em várias regiões. No Ceará, a região dos Perímetros Irrigados do baixo Jaguaribe é um bom exemplo da interação que ocorre na paisagem, principalmente pelas modificações antrópicas - que revelam um domínio sobre a natureza - e pelas paisagens quando associadas ao valor histórico do lugar. Desta interação resulta uma paisagem cultural de relevante valor patrimonial marcando o trabalho do homem sobre o território. Esta pesquisa apresenta um caso em que o desenvolvimento socioeconômico de uma região modifica a paisagem do lugar e é respaldado por processos sustentáveis que se assentam sobre adequado plano de gestão de recursos hídricos e avançada tecnologia de irrigação e produção agrícola. Trata-se de enxergar a fruticultura irrigada na região do baixo Jaguaribe, no nordeste do estado do Ceará, Brasil, como agente resultante e ao mesmo tempo indutor dos processos e dos avanços técnico-científicos da engenharia e da arquitetura, gerando riqueza e importante patrimônio agroindustrial associados. Levando-se em conta as possíveis associações, com a introdução da fruticultura irrigada no baixo Jaguaribe, buscou-se uma análise, sob o enfoque da Arquitetura Rural, baseada no Método de Pesquisa Orientada a Processos, que faz uma abordagem dos processos culturais e dos processos produtivos regionais. Estabelece-se uma comparação entre os Perímetros Irrigados do baixo Jaguaribe (e região que os compreende) com o Parque Agrário do baixo Llobregat reconhecido como modelo de desenvolvimento regional, na revitalização do potencial agrícola, onde, através de uma gestão inteligente, está sendo possível manter o patrimônio rural e ainda incentivar o turismo local, localizado na franja urbana de Barcelona, Espanha. No baixo Jaguaribe verifica-se que a ordenação do território reflete a coevolução do contexto gerado pelo emprego da alta tecnologia junto aos processos produtivos mais simples e tradicionais. Portanto, a escolha dessa região não se deu aleatoriamente, mas sim pela grande intervenção que a integração de todos os seus processos vem gerando sobre a paisagem da seca, transformando "o lugar do sertão" em lugar da fruticultura irrigada<br>Mestrado<br>Recursos Hidricos, Energeticos e Ambientais<br>Mestre em Engenharia Civil
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Abdullah, Yusfida Ayu Binti. "The benchmarking method and realistic evaluation as tools for the assessment of urban regeneration programmes : the case of regional parks." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2012. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/8893/.
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Despite the fact that urban regeneration has been practiced for more than 40 years, there is still a lack of rigorous research on what constitutes best practice in evaluating urban regeneration interventions. It can be argued that in the late 1970s and early 1980s, evaluations were mostly focused on assessing the feasibility of projects, while in the mid 1980s evaluations were mostly conducted to examine the outcomes of projects or programmes instead of their effectiveness. It was only after the late 1980s that programme evaluations were carried out to examine the effectiveness of a programme. However, in spite of this development, such assessments were still considered inadequate. In this research, for example, it was soon discovered that the evaluation of urban regeneration initiatives through a regional park programme was almost entirely performed in isolation without any attempt to compare them with other similar initiatives. The practice of a regional park programme in delivering urban regeneration initiatives is seen as an important programme in the UK given that it promotes a large area within a high urban population location. Additionally, a regional park provides the opportunities for recreational and leisure purposes especially for the locals and the region therefore plays a vital role as a visitor destination. Hence, in order to serve its purpose completely, the performance of this intervention is essential. The essence of this research therefore seeks to address the gaps and to inject a comparative dimension and find the appropriate tools to measure the performance of urban regeneration initiatives in contrast to the current standard evaluation procedures. The research has been designed with the aim of seeking practical and effective ways of applying the benchmarking method and realistic evaluation as a combined assessment tool in evaluating the performance of such initiatives. For this reason, the research focuses on the functioning of the urban regeneration schemes delivered through regional park programmes in the UK. In relation to this, a decision was taken to ‘benchmark’ the Mersey Waterfront Regional Park against the Lee Valley Regional Park and to examine both case studies by means of ‘realistic evaluation’. The rationale for choosing these particular regional parks was made based on the parks’ background. Both regional park programmes have placed emphasis on regeneration of their respective areas. The idea of this comparative exercise is therefore to explore the differences between the Mersey Waterfront and the Lee Valley in terms of programme implementation, project delivery, mechanisms for efficiency, outcomes of programme, the institutional arrangement, the key success factors and the key learning points. These areas of research were therefore justified for the purpose of measuring the performance of a regional park thus teasing out the practicality and potential of both evaluation methods. The end-result of this research discovered that there were various mechanisms affecting the performance of a regional park. Additionally, it was discovered that programme outcomes are influenced by programme settings and delivery mechanisms. The findings also reveal the key lessons to programme performance and the variations of work processes. Nevertheless, the most significant result is the practicality and benefits of using the benchmarking method and realistic evaluation as a combined assessment tool in examining urban regeneration initiatives delivered through regional parks.
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Mikelevičius, Laimis. "Lietuvos Respublikos valstybinių parkų veikla kompleksinio paveldo apsaugos srityje: idėjos ir praktika." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2008~D_20140623_180404-32187.
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Kraštovaizdinė paveldosauga – tai gamtinių ir antropogeninių veiksnių sąveikos dėka teritorijoje susiformavusio gamtos ir kultūros paveldo apsauga. Tokia paveldosauga laikoma perspektyvesne kitų atžvilgiu, nes tai bendra kompleksinė paveldo apsauga, kai saugomas ne atskiras paminklas, bet visa susiformavusi aplinka – kraštovaizdis. Tai veda link geresnio užtikrinimo, kad vertingas kultūros ir gamtos paveldas bus išsaugotas dabarties ir ateities kartoms. Šios temos pasirinkimą įtakojo siekis išnagrinėti ar tokia paveldosauga egzistuoja Lietuvoje ir kaip ji įgyvendinama praktikoje, taip pat kokią vietą moksliniu pagrindu suformuotoje saugomų teritorijų sistemoje užima kraštovaizdžio apsauga. Vienas esminių darbo aspektų – Amerikos (JAV ir Kanados), Australijos, Europos, Japonijos ir tarptautinės kraštovaizdinės paveldosaugos sampratų palyginamoji analizė su Lietuvoje išvystyta ir suformuota samprata. Pastarasis akcentas svarbus, nes Lietuvos bendros gamtos ir kultūros paveldo apsaugos idėjinis lygmuo dar nebuvo nuosekliai nagrinėtas. Taip pat svarbia detale galima įvardinti kraštovaizdinės paveldosaugos lokalizavimą bendrame paveldosaugos kontekste bei nagrinėtą gamtos ir kultūros dėmenų kaitą. Lietuvos kraštovaizdinę paveldosaugą galima vertinti kaip idėjiniu lygmeniu paremtą ir šios sampratos kūrėjų atstovaujamą šaką, kas ją išskiria iš kitų paveldosaugos sričių. Tokią išvadą leidžia kelti P. Kavaliausko ir J. Bučo sampratų analizė ir nuoseklus darbas vystant kraštovaizdžio... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]<br>Landscape heritage protection is nature‘s and culture‘s heritage protection which was settled because of interaction of natural and anthropogenic factors in the area. This heritage protection is better than others because it is common integrated, when not a separate monument is protected, but all landscape. This type of heritage protection leads to a better security that valuable culture and nature heritage will be saved for nowadays and future generations. The topic of this paper was chosen to see if this kind of heritage protection exists in Lithuania and how it is performed in practice. In addition to this, to see what place landscape heritage protection takes in system of protected areas formed on scientific bases. One of the aims of this paper is to compare Lithuanian landscape heritage protection concepts with concepts of USA, Canada, Japan, Australia, Europe and international landscape heritage protection concept. This is very important because this concept in Lithuania was not analyzed before. What is more, it is important to name the localization of landscape heritage protection in the context of common heritage protection and vicissitude of nature and culture factors. Lithuanian landscape heritage protection could be rated as a concept based on ideological level and represented by its creators. That is what separates it from other fields of heritage protection. This conclusion can be made because of analyses made by P. Kavaliauskas is J. Bučas and consistent work... [to full text]
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Larsen, Katarina. "Innovation Processes and Environmental Planning : Science and Technology Policies in a Regional Context." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Royal Institute of Technology, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-416.
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Rigby, Allison. "The Reclamation of Public Parks: An Analysis of Environmental Justice in Los Angeles." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2014. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/318.
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People who live in cities are far more likely to suffer the physical and psychological effects of urban environments--high noise levels, automobile emissions, toxic industrial waste, crowded living conditions, and a general scarcity of open space. Combating these issues, public parks do more than provide recreational space. They are fundamental to any efforts focusing on urban revitalization, social justice, and sustainability. In downtown Los Angeles, public parks are rare, especially in low-income communities. Several new public parks have reclaimed abandoned land, unwelcoming spaces, and the City’s brownfields. After years of intense private use and neglect, spent land has been reinvigorated as green communal space.
This study focuses on Vista Hermosa Natural Park, Grand Park, and Los Angeles State Historic Park. It combines previous research with site visits and interviews that explore the degree of success these recent reclamation movements have experienced and if there are any lessons learned than can be applied elsewhere. My conclusion is that the reclamation movement in Los Angeles is largely successful, especially when parks feature multiple benefits such as ecological restoration, recreational enhancement, and cultural engagement. But the less community involvement and public accessibility any reclaimed park has, the less success a park will have in alleviating spatial injustice.
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Puškorius, Andrius. "VšĮ ŠU mokslo ir technologijų parko veiklos analizė Šiaulių regiono plėtros aspektu." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2005. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2005~D_20050607_193011-80992.
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Andrius Puškorius, Virginijus Šimkus: Analysis of Public Institution Šiauliai University Science and Technology Park Activities in the Aspect of Siauliai Regional Development: master's thesis / scientific leader associate professor Teodoras Tamošiūnas; Šiauliai University, Management Department. - Šiauliai, 2005. - 130p. In the current thesis, we selected activities of Public Institution Šiauliai University Science and Technology Park in the region. The work is aimed to perform analysis of Public Institution Šiauliai University MTP activities analysis in the aspect of Šiauliai Regional development. The following tasks were set for the thesis: to analyse and systematize scientific literature of Lithuanian and foreign authors on the topic, to analyse the legal acts, adopted by the LR Government as well as strategical documents, regulating activities of science and technology parks, to assess impact of the economic, social and technologic environment upon development of the parks, to evaluate Public Institution Šiauliai University MTP development opportunities and directions: material, technologic and human resource bases. The work results will be employed in training of Public Institution Šiauliai University MTP staff, project preparation as well as presentation of MTP to the students and to the broader masses.
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Tanneau, Coralie. "Pouvoir et influence des parcs naturels régionaux en matière d'habitat : l'exemple du Parc d'Armorique." Thesis, Brest, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BRES0018/document.
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À travers le cas du Parc naturel régional d’Armorique, cette thèse propose une analyse critique du lien qui unit les PNR à l’habitat, en mettant en avant les accélérateurs et les freins politiques et territoriaux sur l’implication des syndicats mixtes de Parcs dans ce domaine. Après une mise au point conceptuelle de la notion d’habitat et la présentation des territoires et des modes d’habiter sur le Parc d’Armorique, l’étude interroge les ambitions politiques en la matière et les raisons qui conduisent à leurs concrétisations. Confrontés à un environnement culturel marqué par la ruralité et des difficultés structurelles influant leurs orientations, les Parcs sont aussi contraints par le contexte institutionnel français et l’organisation des territoires sur lesquels ils opèrent. Un parcours historique de l’implication de ces structures sur l’habitat, avec comme étude de cas le Parc d’Armorique, nous montre qu’ils sont dépendants d’orientations nationales changeantes, mais s’acharnent à tenir un rôle majeur dans l’organisation des territoires ruraux. En outre, ils se dévoilent comme d’excellents modèles d’acculturation, porteurs de valeurs et de projets allant dans le sens d’un processus de qualité, de préservation et de vivre-ensemble dans des campagnes souvent négligées par les institutions<br>Through the case of Armorique regional natural park, this thesis offers a critical analysis of the link between the RNPs and the habitat, by highlighting the territorial and political boosters and restraints on the joint parks associations involvement in this field. After a conceptual clarification on the notion of habitat and the presentation of the territories and the settlement patterns in Armorique Park, the study questions the political ambitions regarding it and the reasons which lead to their fulfilments. Confronted with a cultural environment marked by the rurality and structural difficulties influencing their orientations, parks are also obliged by the French institutional context and the territories organization on the one they operate. An historic journey about the involvement of these structures on the habitat, with Armorique Park as a case study, shows us that they are dependent on changing national orientations, but they persist in keeping a leading role in the organization of the rural territories. Furthermore, they reveal themselves as excellent models of acculturation, carrying values and projects moving towards the idea of quality process, preservation and a living together concept in a countyside often overlooked by the institutions.
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Carvalho, João Manuel Pereira. "A avaliação de projectos no planeamento regional e urbano : o caso dos parques naturais nas áreas metropolitanas : aplicação a um caso de estudo." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Arquitectura de Lisboa, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/1627.
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Chaussende, Pauline. "Sustainable Tourism and Public Policy in Europe: A Case Study of the Regional Nature Park of Auvergne Volcanoes, France." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-389438.
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European Regional Nature Parks are based in rural areas and are involved in the fields of biodiversity and sustainable development. Sustainable tourism is a highly topical issue in Europe and many countries are trying to raise the citizens’ and tourists’ awareness of sustainability issues. It is therefore natural that Regional Nature Parks have become a useful tool in this regard. Implementing the principles of sustainable tourism implies a combination of the socioeconomic goals of regional park tourism and the ecological goals of nature conservation. Nature conservation through tourism has become increasingly market-oriented and more instrumental over the years, which reflects the rise of neoliberalist politics. Accordingly, this thesis will contribute to answering the following question: how is the natural heritage of the RNP of Auvergne Volcanoes used as a tool to promote sustainable tourism on a regional scale within a European framework? The thesis focuses mainly on the Regional Nature Park of Auvergne Volcanoes as a cultural, natural and environmental heritage. It investigates whether the Park’s local landscapes are used to turn it into a saleable product within a European framework. The thesis also emphasises the governance aspects of the park through an analysis of the policies and planning documents guiding it. In this way, this thesis focuses on the role of the European Union and of national, regional and local governments in sustainable tourism. It also aims to extend our understanding of the influence of public policy upon the development of sustainable tourism.
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Cruz, Anderson Cougo da. "Governança em ambientes de inovação para o desenvolvimento regional sustentável: o Santa Maria tecnoparque." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2016. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/4787.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior<br>The creation of a technology park can be a consequence of the development of a region. It can also be the agent for this to occur. By studying the mechanisms and contingency management, it is common to come across the situation of adapting organizations, culture factors and society and better use of natural resources. One cause of this awakening and recognition of the problem of misuse of such resources, tends to occur because most finitude of consciousness of those. In this scenario, the regional development process meets the sustainable thinking, making that contemplate not only the economic dimension but also social and environmental, to result in greater local impact and then global. As the advancement of studies in the area of sustainability, technology centers - innovation environments - it is provide a governance founded on this ideology. Moreover, they are sites already recognized as agents for the enhancement of the sustainable development of a territory. In this study, the object is the Santa Maria Tecnoparque (Santa Maria, RS, Brazil), being grounded in these principles and composed of a board of academic, business and government spheres. Exploratory and descriptive, qualitative study, which aimed to analyze how existing governance in Santa Maria Tecnoparque influence for Sustainable Regional Development of the city. Thus, there was the opportunity of access to the park's environment, see how involved, managers and entrepreneurs are thinking about their practices, to the park is regional development agent. It observed that SM Tecnoparque is experiencing difficulties, but with better governance practices, tends to become a successful innovation environment and thus an agent of sustainable regional development, as stated in its mission.<br>A criação de um parque tecnológico pode ser uma consequência do desenvolvimento de uma região. Como também pode ser o agente para que isso ocorra. Ao se estudar os mecanismos e contingências da gestão, é usual se deparar à conjuntura de adaptação das organizações, a fatores de cultura e sociedade e de melhor utilização de recursos naturais. Uma causa desse despertar e reconhecimento do problema de má utilização de tais recursos, tende a ocorrer pelo fato de maior consciência de finitude desses. Nesse cenário, o processo de desenvolvimento regional vem ao encontro do pensamento sustentável, fazendo com que esse contemple não apenas a dimensão econômica, mas também a social e a ambiental, a resultar em maior impacto local e, posteriormente, global. Conforme o avanço dos estudos na área de sustentabilidade, aos parques tecnológicos ambientes de inovação cabe prover uma governança fundamentada nessa ideologia. Ademais, são locais já reconhecidos como agentes para a potencialização do desenvolvimento sustentável de um território. Neste estudo, o objeto é o Santa Maria Tecnoparque (Santa Maria, RS, Brasil), por ser embasado nesses princípios e composto de uma diretoria das esferas acadêmica, empresarial e governamental. De caráter exploratório-descritivo, é um estudo qualitativo, o qual objetivou analisar como a governança existente no Santa Maria Tecnoparque influencia para o Desenvolvimento Regional Sustentável da cidade. Desse modo, houve a oportunidade de acesso ao ambiente do parque, a ver como os envolvidos, gestores e empresários, estão pensando suas práticas, a fim de o parque seja agente de desenvolvimento regional. Foi possível notar que o SM Tecnoparque passa por dificuldades, porém com melhores práticas de governança, tende a se tornar um ambiente de inovação bem-sucedido e, assim, um agente do desenvolvimento regional sustentável, como consta em sua missão.
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Galand, Nathalie. "Inventer l'agriculture de territoire : étude des Parcs naturels régionaux de Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE2127/document.
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Les territoires ruraux connaissent des évolutions multiples liées à leurs contextes démographiques et sociaux. En Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur, l’activité agricole est sous pression alors que sa place est importante dans l’identité culturelle et qu’elle contribue au maintien de la biodiversité. Cette région méditerranéenne est couverte par de nombreux Parcs naturels régionaux dont l’objectif est de veiller à un développement équilibré sur leur périmètre. Cette thèse propose d’examiner le cas de cinq PNR aux configurations très différentes entre marais littoraux, collines et montagnes (Alpilles, Camargue, Luberon, Verdon et Queyras). La place de l’agriculture s’y dessine selon des attentes distinctes et complémentaires. Agriculture environnementale, patrimoniale ou de proximité, c’est en somme une agriculture de territoire que les Parcs construisent par leurs actions. Pour y parvenir, ils inventent et déploient des méthodes de travail pour réunir les énergies et faire de l’agriculture de territoire une réalité plus tangible. Ces méthodes sont toutefois limitées par des difficultés de positionnement sur l’échiquier institutionnel ou un manque de moyens. Leur champ d’implication demeure encore vaste et offre certaines perspectives pour approfondir toujours davantage les liens entre agriculture et territoire<br>Rural territories experience numerous developments due to their demographic and social evolution. In Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur, farming is under pressure while it plays an important part in cultural identity and participates in maintaining biodiversity. This Mediterranean region has numerous Regional Natural Parks (Parcs Naturels Régionaux, PNR) whose aim is to ensure a balanced development on their premises. This thesis intends to look into the cases of five PNR with very different situations between coastal marshes, hills and mountains (Alpilles, Camargues, Luberon, Verdon and Queyras). The place of agriculture evolves with different but complementary expectations. Environmental, legacy or local agriculture, it is in other words a territory based agriculture which is being built by the actions led within the parks. To reach this goal, working methods are invented and used to gather energies and make the territory based agriculture a more tangible reality. These methods are nevertheless limited by difficulties of positioning on the institutionnal stage or by lack of resources. Their scope of application remains vast and offers some possibilities to keep strenghtening the links between agriculture and territory
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Barreiro, Elis Regina Neves. "O Parque Tecnológico da Paraíba e arranjos institucionais: Tessituras do desenvolvimento local-territorial." Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, 2015. http://tede.bc.uepb.edu.br/tede/jspui/handle/tede/2541.
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Previous issue date: 2015-10-14<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES<br>Innovation environment deployed in already developed and developing countries to boost regional and national economies, the Scientific and Technological Parks, through the relation Government-University-Industry can play the role of catalyst of scientific development and technological local and territorial, making localities more competitive, creating quality jobs and social welfare. The aim of this article is to analyze how the Paraiba Technology Park in the fabric of institutional arrangements have configured the local and territorial development. The methodology used was the exploratory and descriptive with approach of quantitative and qualitative data. For data collection was used the bibliographic research, documentary and field. The main results reveal the importance of this institution, which in cooperation and partnership with other institutions, promotes increased visibility of technological innovation in local and state level, as well as have a positive impact on the formation of human capital. Consideration of the inter hybridization (cooperation, collaboration and coordination with various partners) is rooted in the evolutionary concept of the Triple Helix - government, business, university, favoring the construction of institutional arrangements (agreements, contracts, agreements) that create synergies between actors institutional involved in the local - territorial development. In a general context, it is emphasized that the institution has become an important part in fostering science and technology in the state and for creating innovative businesses. Supported by the synergy of the relationship between the Government, the University and Company, is a viable alternative for promoting scientific and technological development local and territorial, point is, therefore, natural and outstanding contributions in their surroundings.<br>Ambientes de inovação implantados em países desenvolvidos e em desenvolvimento para dinamizar economias regionais e nacionais, os Parques Científicos e Tecnológicos (PCTs), através da relação Governo-Universidade-Empresa, podem desempenhar o papel de impulsionador do desenvolvimento cientifico e tecnológico local e territorial, tornando as localidades mais competitivas, gerando empregos de qualidade e bem-estar social. O objetivo geral deste artigo é analisar como o Parque Tecnológico da Paraíba na tessitura dos arranjos institucionais tem configurado o desenvolvimento local e territorial. A metodologia utilizada foi do tipo exploratório-descritivo, com abordagem dos dados quanti-qualitativa. Para coleta de dados utilizou-se a pesquisas bibliográfica, documental e de campo. Os principais resultados revelam a importância dessa instituição, que em cooperação e parceria com outras instituições, promove o aumento da visibilidade da inovação tecnológica em nível local e estadual, além de causar impactos positivos sobre a formação de capital humano. A análise da sua hibridização interorganizacional (cooperação, colaboração e articulação com vários parceiros) está enraizada no conceito evolutivo da Hélice Tríplice – governo, empresa, universidade, favorecendo a construção de arranjos institucionais (convênios, contratos, acordos) que criam sinergias entre os atores institucionais envolvidos no processo de desenvolvimento local-territorial. Em um contexto geral, destaca-se que a instituição tornou- se uma peça importante no fomento à Ciência e Tecnologia no Estado e para a criação de empresas inovadoras. Apoiada nas sinergias das relações entre o Governo, a Universidade e Empresa, constitui uma alternativa viável para promoção do desenvolvimento científico e tecnológico local e territorial, apontam-se, assim, contribuições singulares e relevantes em seu entorno.
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Feitoza, Regina Aparecida Alves. "A gestão de parques tecnológicos e o desenvolvimento regional : um estudo de caso na região nordeste do Brasil." Pós-graduação em Administração, 2016. http://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/8094.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES<br>This study investigates what are the technological park management models and regional development. To that end, we present elements found in the literature that characterize technology parks, show several parks management models as well as the role of stakeholders and what incentives and promotions arising from the parks that influence regional development, which later we were confronted with case studies of objects of this research parks. They were analyzed what each researched park management models, as defined Kang (2004) and management strategies that affect the development process of the Parks lease area, as well as how the actors involved in the parks contribute to the development of the region, is that financial, social and/or intellectual. As for the methodological aspects, the approach to research is classified as descriptive and as the method itself as qualitative. Regarding the time dimension, the study is cross-sectional. As for the strategy, was adopted multiple case study where four technology parks was analyzed in operation in northeastern Brazil, according to a study conducted by ANPROTEC (2013). For data collection was used the techniques of documentary research and in-depth interview. As a result, it was revealed that three of the four surveyed parks have the same management model, with only slight differences in their structures, are non-profit organizations established to vitalize the development of regional economy. Only one of the parks has a very different structure, however, present the same goals of others. In this way all the parks have next strategies for boosting the local economy, such as the attraction of medium and large companies to the region, the deployment of an entrepreneurial culture and the creation of jobs and income. As well as the relationship with the various stakeholders to come up with common actions to surveyed parks. All, it points out that the management of a park, influences the development of the region, therefore, are from their strategies aspects that promote local development are outlined.<br>O presente estudo investiga quais são os modelos de gestão de parques tecnológicos e o desenvolvimento regional. Para esse fim, apresentam-se elementos encontrados na literatura que caracterizam parques tecnológicos, mostram diversos modelos de gestão de parques, bem como, o papel dos stakeholders e quais os estímulos e promoções advindos dos parques que influenciam no desenvolvimento regional, os quais, posteriormente, foram confrontados com estudos de caso de parques objetos desta pesquisa. Foram analisados quais os modelos de gestão de cada parque pesquisado, segundo a definição de Kang (2004), assim como as estratégias de gestão que condicionam o processo de desenvolvimento da região de locação dos parques, bem como, de que forma os atores envolvidos com os parques contribuem para o desenvolvimento da região, seja esse desenvolvimento financeiro, social e/ou intelectual. Quanto aos aspectos metodológicos, a abordagem da pesquisa é classificada como descritiva e quanto ao método se apresenta como qualitativa. Em relação à dimensão tempo, a pesquisa é de corte transversal. Quanto à estratégia, foi adotado o estudo de casos múltiplos onde foram analisados quatro parques tecnológicos, em operação, na região nordeste do Brasil. Para a coleta de dados foram utilizadas as técnicas de pesquisa documental e entrevista em profundidade. Os principais resultados revelados foram que três dos quatros parques pesquisados possuem um mesmo modelo de gestão, apenas com diferenças pontuais em suas estruturas, são organizações não lucrativas estabelecidas para vitalizar o desenvolvimento da economia regional. Apenas um dos parques apresenta uma estrutura bastante diferenciada, no entanto, apresenta os mesmos objetivos dos demais. Dessa forma todos os parques possuem estratégias próximas para dinamização da economia local, tais como a atração de empresas de médio e grande porte para a região, a implantação de uma cultura empreendedora e a geração de emprego e renda. Assim como, o relacionamento com os diversos stakeholders que aparecem com atuação comum aos parques pesquisados. De tudo, pontua-se que a gestão de um parque, influencia no desenvolvimento da região, pois, são a partir de suas estratégias que são delineados aspectos, tais como, atração de médias e grandes empresas para a região, dinamização do empreendedorismo inovador e geração de emprego que promovem o desenvolvimento local.<br>São Cristóvão, SE
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MAGALHAES, ADRIANA B. V. B. "Estrutura de servicos do conhecimento em Parques Cientificos e Tecnologicos - incrementando a relacao - empresa - universidade - centro de pesquisa." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2009. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/9398.
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Fisher, Eric J. "The Williamsport Falls Regional Park : identifying and applying landscape preferences and values as a design modifier for a small- town node along the Wabash Heritage Corridor." Virtual Press, 1996. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1020172.
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The field of landscape architecture has been increasing opportunities to assist small- town communities in connecting their important natural and historic cultural resources to nationally and regionally identified "green" heritage corridors, such as rail-to-trails, river corridors and other projects. In Indiana, steps have been slow in developing and restoring natural and cultural resources unique to these small-town communities in relation to larger recreational corridor initiatives. Facts showed that the Mid-North region of Indiana were drastically short of publicly accessible regional parks and recreational open space. Incorporating community landscape preferences and values and private property rights in the overall approval of a project - particularly those planned from a regional scope - has often been excluded from the design processes to meet these needs. New sensibilities and sensitivities in landscape architecture must evolve to include identifying local visual and behavioral attachments to the landscapes in the design process, especially those projects concerning recreation and open space, since these proposals tend to be one of the flashpoints of public funding concerns in land development.Adjacent to the small town of Williamsport, Indiana, is the tallest waterfall in the state. Williamsport is also located on the Wabash River, which has recently been promoted as a strategic national and regional heritage corridor potential by various state agencies and the National Park Service. This study chose to explore a planning and design process to incorporate local aesthetic and cultural values for the Wabash Heritage Corridor system. a now nationally recognized network of nodes and linkages along one of America's most famous historic waterways. The Williamsport Falls site represents one of the few remaining Hoosier natural resources overlooked for protection due to its proximity to urban environments.Assisting the community in identifying visual and landscape values, and including these assessments as a design process modifier, along with strong local contact and project interaction by the designer / researcher. further the landscape architect in developing a more thorough site program and design.This study demonstrates community input in the programming and design guideline development for the recreational and natural systems resources of a site, and to a lesser degree, assessing relative cultural and historic factors. Local citizens were given a visual preference and landscape characteristics values questionnaire, from which site preference and visual conservation zones were determined. The resultant data was used as a design modifier for the park's visual regime - physically and legally defined protection areas for viewsheds and natural character areas within and adjacent to the site, as well as for the overall recreation and preservation goals of the project. By generating mappable visual attributes of the site that were identified as important by the community members, the site design process was modified to insure that the community's collective visual and landscape preference values and concerns were honored in the site Master Plan.Hopefully, the scholarly contribution of this work was not just be the inclusion of visual assessment and landscape preference methodology in analyzing a unique landform (though this is critical), but also a deeper level of documentation showing the importance of recognizing and preserving significant local and regional natural resource character areas of small-town communities along the Wabash Heritage Corridor.<br>Department of Landscape Architecture
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Nanus, Leora. "Regional assessment of the sources and effects of acidic deposition on lake chemistry in alpine and subalpine watersheds of National Parks in the Rocky Mountains, United States." Connect to online resource, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3315793.
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ZOUAIN, DESIREE M. "Parques tecnologicos - propondo um modelo conceitual para regioes urbanas - o parque tecnologico de Sao Paulo." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2003. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/11034.
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Ganzert, Christian Carvalho. "Desenvolvimento sistêmico de pólos regionais de tecnologia da informação: análise comparativa entre modelos de clusters nacionais e internacionais sob a perspectiva da Teoria dos Sistemas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/96/96132/tde-06052010-152318/.
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Tendo como justificativa a relevância econômica dos arranjos produtivos regionais no capitalismo informacional, a pesquisa se propôs a analisar os modelos de desenvolvimento de quatro pólos regionais de tecnologia da informação, dois internacionais e dois nacionais, sob a perspectiva do conceito de desenvolvimento sistêmico. Os pólos abordados foram do Vale do Silício (Califórnia), Bangalore (Índia), Campinas e São Carlos (Brasil). Foi utilizada a metodologia de análise qualitativa cross-case de múltiplos casos. Os resultados foram comparados com o modelo ideal de desenvolvimento sistêmico. Como conclusão, foi possível verificar que os clusters nacionais funcionam sob poucos valores voltados para o empreendedorismo, o que culminou no estabelecimento de modelos mononucleados de relações entre agentes, diferente dos modelos multinucleados observados nos clusters internacionais, mais próximos das premissas do desenvolvimento sistêmico.<br>This research is justified by the economic relevance of the regional productive arrangements for the informational capital, and analyses the developments model of four regional information technology poles, Silicon Valley (California), Bangalore (India), São Carlos and Campinas (Brazil). The research was developed using the qualitative multiple cross-case analysis methodology and the results were compared with the ideal model of systemic development. The conclusion signalizes the low incidence of entrepreneurship elements in the Brazilian organizational culture, which corroborates to the formation of mono-nucleated models of relations among the national clusters agents, contrasting to the international clusters, which have multi-nucleated models of relations among their agents, closer to the systemic development premises.
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Ribeiro, Maria Margarida Castanho Ruivo. "Parques de ciência e tecnologia e desenvolvimento regional: diagnóstico sociológico prospetivo, jogo de atores e futuros possíveis para o Tagusvalley." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/17622.
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Tendo por base o postulado da Sociologia da Ação, questionámos através desta investigação, os futuros possíveis que o TagusValley enfrenta para 2020. Através de uma estratégia metodológica orientada para o exercício diagnóstico prospetivo, estudámos os elementos principais do sistema; posicionámos os atores relativamente aos objetivos estratégicos em curso no TagusValley; avaliámos as convergências e divergências entre estes e, por último, identificamos um conjunto de futuros possíveis para o TagusValley em 2020, na ótica de peritos e dos principais atores.
As principais conclusões do trabalho referem a existência de uma grande convergência entre os atores perante os objetivos para o TagusValley (TV), ainda que se verifique a necessidade de uma maior interação e cooperação por parte desta organização com os atores e stakeholders, para que, através de uma estratégia coletiva seja possível alcançá-los. Na ótica dos peritos, se a estratégia em curso se mantiver, não será possível alcançar o “futuro desejado” pelo TV. Assim, torna-se pertinente monitorizar, avaliar e alterar a realidade em causa para que seja possível alcançar os objetivos traçados e, a longo prazo, transformar o tecnopolo num agente de desenvolvimento regional; Science and Technology Parks and Regional Development: Prospective sociological diagnosis, Actor’s Games and Possible Futures for the TagusValley
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Based on the postulate of the Action Sociology, we questioned through this research, the possible futures that TagusValley faces in 2020. Through a methodological strategy, geared to the pursuit of the prospective diagnosis we studied the main elements of the system; we positioned the actors according to the strategical objectives ongoing in TagusValley; we evaluated the convergences and divergences between them and lastly, we have identified a set of possible futures for the TagusValley in 2020, in the view of experts and key actors.
The main conclusions concern the existence of a great convergence between the actors toward the goals for the TagusValley (TV), although it appears the need for greater interaction and cooperation of this organization with the actors and stakeholders, so that, through a collective strategy they can reach them. In the view of experts, if the strategy remains ongoing, you can not achieve the "desired future" for TV. Thus, it is relevant to monitor, evaluate and alter the reality in question so that you can achieve the goals set in the long run, turn the technopole into a regional development agency.
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Benedict, Kathryn M. "Exploring the Intersection of Designing for Crime and the Future of the Public Forum." VCU Scholars Compass, 2019. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5798.
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As more public spaces are under the influence of private stakeholders in cities, it is important to consider the role, both financial and social, that these stakeholders have on the design of the physical space and the users of the space. This analysis will utilize a qualitative methodological approach to understand the contested redevelopment of a public park in Richmond, Virginia as it transitioned from a city-owned space to a public-private partnership. By gaining a better understanding of the major spheres of influence involved in the redevelopment, namely the large public university and the corporations adjacent to the space, it is understood that the public spaces in question take on forms that are less public and more exclusionary in nature. Upon the conclusion of this analysis, I provide suggestions and recommendations for the future of the public forum and the role that private stakeholders might have in public spaces going forward.
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Grubbs, Thomas E. "ENTREPRENEURIALISM MEETS THE SUSTAINABLE CITY: THE CASE OF LEXINGTON’S TOWN BRANCH COMMONS." UKnowledge, 2017. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/geography_etds/52.
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Although the idea of the entrepreneurial city is nothing new, recent research in contemporary urban geography and related disciplines indicates that the modus operandi of such entrepreneurial endeavors has shifted, as a result of an increasing recognition and acceptance of global climate change, to include and even prioritize sustainable urban development discourses and practices. While these discourses purportedly culminate in the production of the “sustainable city,” they often fail to deliver upon their promise to create a greener, more sustainable city for all. Such practices, in an effort to help cities obtain an urban sustainability fix (While et al. 2004), often lead to the selective uptake and implementation of “sustainable” policies and projects by local governments and members of the urban elite in their efforts to positively market their respective cities to potential residents and investors. The city of Lexington, Kentucky’s ongoing efforts to establish a new downtown park system—the Town Branch Commons—along the route of a once buried stream, is representative of how such a sustainability fix is both conceived of and ultimately produced by urban elites in the contemporary neoliberal city.
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Gerdenits, Daniela. "Caracterização físico socioambiental e enquadramento de áreas verdes urbanas de Votorantim-SP." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/6780.
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Previous issue date: 2013-06-07<br>Within the process of urbanization green areas emerge as alternatives contemplating new cultural and aesthetic aspects, which come to extrapolate their functions and uses. This work fits within the proposed Master Plan Votorantim, and aims to identify, characterize, and assign frame through proposals, significant urban green areas of the city. These were characterized by a physical diagnosis through environmental field trips, maps present in the Secretariat of works pertaining to their subdivisions and public areas, information contained in the Master Plan and georeferenced images. Among the twelve areas, nine can be considered neighborhood parks and only three as neighborhood parks, mainly due to its dimensions. Regarding the state of conservation of the environment is worth highlighting three green areas, while the other studied have a higher degree of intervention, mostly with furniture and spaces waterproofed. Others are in a high degree of degradation, mainly by the accumulation of garbage. The enhancement and protection of green areas should be priorities in any master plan, based on the development of projects that include management programs, requiring detailed planning for these areas do not become problems for the city, eventually being abandoned or illegally occupied.<br>Dentro do processo de urbanização as áreas verdes surgem como alternativas contemplando novos aspectos culturais e estéticos, que vêm a extrapolar suas funções e usos. Esse trabalho se enquadra dentro da proposta do Plano Diretor de Votorantim, e tem por objetivo identificar, caracterizar, enquadrar e destinar por meio de propostas, áreas verdes urbanas significativas do Município. Estas foram caracterizadas por meio de um diagnóstico físico socioambiental através de saídas de campo, mapas presentes na Secretaria de obras, referentes aos seus loteamentos e áreas públicas, informações contidas no Plano Diretor Municipal e imagens georreferenciadas. Dentre as doze áreas, nove podem ser consideradas parques de vizinhança e apenas três como parques de bairro, devido principalmente às suas dimensões. Em relação ao estado de conservação do meio ambiente vale destacar três áreas verdes, enquanto as outras estudadas possuem um maior grau de intervenção, principalmente com mobiliário urbano e espaços impermeabilizados. Outras se encontram em alto grau de degradação, principalmente pelo acúmulo de lixo. A valorização e proteção de áreas verdes deveriam ser prioridades em qualquer plano diretor, tendo como base a elaboração de projetos que contemplem programas de manejo, exigindo um detalhado planejamento para que essas áreas não se tornem problemas para a cidade, sendo eventualmente abandonadas ou ocupadas irregularmente.
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Eck, Bryan D. "A CASE OF RECLAMING RUIN: BEYOND THE HYPE & HYPERBOLE OF NEW YORK’S HIGH LINE." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2011. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/568.
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As a result of economic, social, and cultural changes, cities across the country are looking to outdated and abandoned infrastructure for use as public space. The primary objective of this study is to comprehensively examine one such project, the High Line in New York City, to contribute to the body of literature related to urban transformation, reuse, and analogous projects. In this thesis, the High Line was analyzed as a case study and examined in-depth, through an array of data gathering methods. A historical study of the site was conducted through archival research. A typology, and subsequent description, of the key role-player involved with the project was also established through analysis of over 300 newspaper and blog sources. The design and creation process concludes the archival research portion of the study. Subsequently, the designed environment of the High Line was evaluated for its role as public space, measured against established principal elements found in urban design literature. Special attention was paid to the places where the former infrastructural use has been utilized to provide those public space elements. Behavior observations, surveys, and interviews helped determine how the space is used and perceived by its visitors. Research indicated that while the High Line looks different than traditional public space, it contains all the elements crucial to making public spaces successful. Additionally, it was discovered that the High Line influences perceptions of the City of New York, beyond the physical structure of the High Line. The final outcome of this study is a complete narrative portrait of the High Line from the creation and subsequent reuse, the influencing surrounding factors such as cultural context and physical setting, and how the space is actually used and perceived. The narrative informed implications on the utility of the High line model for other cities across looking to create similar reuse projects.
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Cho, Chun Man. "Study on effects of resident-perceived neighborhood boundaries on public services accessibility & its relation to utilization using Geographic Information System, focusing on the case of public parks in Austin, Texas /." Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969/59.
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Tripp, Michael William. "The emergence of national parks in Russia : with studies of Pribaikalski and Zabaikalski National Parks in the Lake Baikal region of south-central Siberia." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0002/NQ34287.pdf.
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Ferraton, Mélanie. "L'approche participative au service de la gestion intégrée de la ressource en eau : l'expérience des parcs naturels régionaux du Sud-Est de la France." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAA022/document.
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Née d’un travail partenarial entre le Groupement des Amis des Parcs Naturels Régionaux du Sud-Est (GAPSE) et l’Université Savoie Mont Blanc, cette thèse, réalisée dans le cadre d’une convention CIFRE, s’intéresse au volet participatif de la Gestion Intégrée de la Ressource en Eau (GIRE) dans les Parcs Naturels Régionaux de montagne du Sud-Est français.L’étude se fonde sur le retour d’expérience et l’analyse réflexive du programme de recherche-action-collaborative et participative « L’eau, entre mémoire et devenir », initié en 2008 par le GAPSE. À partir d’une méthode d’enquête auprès des acteurs clefs, elle identifie, dans ces territoires, une trentaine d’actions relevant du volet participatif de la GIRE. Le recensement et l’examen de ces actions et de leurs conditions de mise en œuvre, amènent à construire une représentation, sous forme de modèle évolutif, de cette approche participative de la GIRE. Les PNR s’inventent alors en nouveaux territoires de l’eau. En dépassant le strict cadre de la gestion par bassin, l’analyse approfondie des jeux, logiques et paysages actoriels œuvrant dans la mise en place de ces actions permet de questionner ce nouveau statut.Ce travail montre que, malgré une évolution législative liée à la réforme territoriale, restreignant les prérogatives des PNR en matière de gestion de la ressource en eau, des formes innovantes de démarches participatives s’observent, allant au-delà des dispositifs institutionnels de concertation de la GIRE.Ces initiatives volontaires, issues des collectivités, du milieu associatif ou encore de divers collectifs citoyens, sont souvent encore disparates et manquent de cohérence et de liant entre elles. L’action publique doit ainsi composer avec cette diversité d’acteurs et d’actions, aux objectifs et formes variés. Se dessine alors un enjeu d’articulation des démarches participatives et d’innovation en matière de participation citoyenne, auquel ce travail tente de répondre en proposant un guide méthodologique de mise en œuvre d’une GIRE participative fondé sur le retour d’expérience des PNR du Sud-Est<br>The thesis arises from a partnership work between the association “ le Groupement des Amis des Parcs Naturels Régionaux du Sud-Est ” (GAPSE) and the “Savoie Mont Blanc ” University. It was made within the CIFRE agreement (Industrial agreement of learning/training by research). The PhD focuses on the participatory component of the Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM) in the regional nature parks in the south-east of France.The study relies on the feedback and the analysis of the participatory action research program called “L’Eau entre mémoire et devenir” (“Water between memory and future”), which has been created in 2008 by the GAPSE. Based on a survey methodology of key actors, the thesis identifies around thirty participatory actions under the IWRM. The census and analysis of these actions and of their implementation conditions led to build a dynamic model about the participatory approach of IWRM.We examine the regional nature parks status, as news water territories, beyond the narrower confines of watershed-based management, on the basis of a thorough and integrated analysis of actors’ interactions.This study shows that these territories can generate innovative participatory actions going beyond just the institutional conciliation scheme, based on a representative system. These actions arise despite the legislative change, due to a territorial reform, which restrict water prerogatives of regional nature parks.However, these voluntary initiatives implemented by the territorial authorities, associations or citizen collective organizations are still disparate and lack of coherence and coordination between them.The public action has to deal with a diversity of actors and actions with various objectives. The real issue becomes citizen participatory initiatives articulation. This PhD tries to answer to this challenge by proposing a methodological guide about the IWRM implementation, based on the regional nature parks feedbacks
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Zouain, Desirée Moraes. "Parques Tecnólogicos - propondo um modelo conceitual para regiões urbanas - o Parque Tecnólogico de São Paulo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2003. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/85/85131/tde-27032014-134435/.
Full textAbstract:
Este trabalho propõe um modelo conceitual de Parque Tecnológico adaptado aos requisitos da sociedade do conhecimento, contextualizado para regiões urbanas, de média a densamente povoadas, ou metropolitanas. O modelo é particularizado para a cidade de São Paulo, focalizando o entorno da Cidade Universitária - campus da Universidade de São Paulo, na capital, região onde se encontra uma grande densidade de instituições de pesquisa e organizações de apoio ao desenvolvimento científico e à inovação tecnológica, tais como: o Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares (IPEN), o Instituto de Pesquisas Tecnológicas (IPT), o Instituto Butantã e o Centro Incubador de Empresas Tecnológicas (CIETEC). O modelo considera a alteração da vocação econômica da cidade de São Paulo, a mudança física de empresas de grande porte de setores tradicionais, a alta taxa de desemprego e o mercado extremamente competitivo, fatos esses que são desafios para a implementação de políticas que possibilitem a substituição de atividades declinantes por atividades nascentes, mais competitivas e que auxiliem na atração de investimentos para a cidade. Para apoiar o desenvolvimento do modelo, é construido um panorama de experiências nacionais e estrangeiras em parques tecnológicos, detalhando aspectos estratégicos, estruturais, gerenciais e operacionais, tendo sido analisadas sete experiências nacionais e três experiências internacionais, por meio da aplicação de um instrumento de pesquisa e entrevistas. O modelo conceitual é elaborado tomando por base três pilares que se apresentam importantes para o sucesso das experiências analisadas durante a pesquisa de campo, a saber: a dinâmica das relações entre os atores envolvidos, a inserção e relação com o meio urbano e as características das empresas e respectivos estágios de desenvolvimento. O modelo proposto reúne quatro grupos de atividades no seu contexto: as atividades de um centro incubador de empresas tecnológicas; as atividades das empresas graduadas ou maduras e micro e pequenas e médias empresas, externas ao sistema, baseadas no conhecimento, bem como instalações de pesquisa e desenvolvimento de grandes corporações em parceria com instituições de pesquisa instaladas na região, e as atividades do Parque Tecnológico propriamente dito, entidade que suporta as ações previstas no modelo. O presente modelo propõe um passo além da idéia de estruturação de um parque urbano, prevendo um núcleo gestor e coordenador, composto por algumas de suas estruturas organizacionais, e a disseminação desse parque na cidade, permitindo irradiar ações coordenadas no meio urbano.<br>A conceptual model of Technology Park is established, adapted to the knowledge society requirements. The focus is on medium and highly dense population areas and global megacities, mainly in developing countries. The model is particularized to the São Paulo city and the neighbourhood of the University of Sao Paulo campus. This region has a high density of research institutions and other organizations that support scientific, technology and innovation activities; among these organizations are: the Institute for Nuclear and Energy Research (IPEN), the Institute for Technology Research (IPT), the Butanta Institute and the Incubator Center for Technology Enterprises (CIETEC). The model considers the changes in the economic vocation of the Sao Paulo city, the removal of traditional industry sectors organizations from the region, the unemployment rates and the highly competitive global market. These challenges ask for policies that can attract new economic activities, more competitive in the global market, and new investors. To support the research activities it is applied a questionnaire and interviews to seven national and three international technology parks experiences. The conceptual model is based on three main aspects which are considered by these experiences very important to the success of the technology parks, as follows: the dynamics of the players relation, the urban intervention of the project and the companies characteristics and development stages. The proposed model concerns to four groups of activities: the technology incubator center activities; the graduate or mature companies from the incubator center or other micro, small or medium knowledge based companies, from outside the system; the cooperative research activities among private organizations and research institutions; the Technology Park services and managing activities. This model innovates concerning the conception of a managing and coordinator core, located inside the University campus, and by the dissemination and irradiation of the Technology Park activities and benefits to the city, forming innovative clusters and establishing adense knowledge network.
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Leleckienė, Jūratė. "Gražutės regioninio parko dendroflora, vyraujantys medynai ir jų išteklių gamtosauginiai aspektai." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2009. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2009~D_20090629_155320-37381.
Full textAbstract:
Gražutės regioninis parkas yra šiaurrytinėje Lietuvos dalyje – Zarasų ir Ignalinos savivaldybių teritorijose. Regioninio parko plotas pagal patikslintas (naudojant skaitmenines technologijas) ribas yra 29 471 ha.
Šio darbo tikslas - ištirti Gražutės regioninio parko savaiminės dendrofloros botaninę įvairovę, sudaryti rūšių sistematinį spektrą, pateikti jų chorologinį įvertinimą, išsiaiškinti vyraujančius medynus ir įvertinti jų būklę, aprašyti retąsias rūšis bei gamtos paminklais paskelbtus medžius, apžvelgti kertines miško buveines ir Natura 2000 teritorijas, genetinius ir sėklinius draustinius, etaloninius medynus, supažindinti su pažintiniais takais.
Tyrimų metu nustatyta, kad Gražutės regioniniame parke auga 70 savaiminių sumedėjusių augalų rūšių iš 94, žinomų Lietuvoje (Navasaitis ir kt., 2003), o tai sudaro 74 procentus visų Lietuvoje augančių savaiminės dendrofloros rūšių. Iš jų yra 4 pušūnų ( Pinophyta) skyriaus augalų rūšys, priklausančios 4 gentims ir 3 šeimoms (6 proc. nuo visų parke augančių savaiminių rūšių), kitos – magnolijūnų (Magnoliophyta) skyriaus augalų rūšys, priklausančios 36 gentims ir 20 šeimų.
Atlikus parko savaiminių sumedėjusių augalų rūšių chorologinio spektro analizę, nustatyta, kad zoniniu požiūriu vyrauja boreotemperatinės rūšys (31), regioniniu – europinės rūšys (24), okeaniniu – euriokeaninės rūšys (28).
Biogeocenotiniu požiūriu miškai skirstomi į 4 miško tipų kompleksus, iš kurių šilai GRP užima 8841,3 ha (55,0%) medynų ploto, girios... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]<br>Gražutė Regional Park is located in the northeast of Lithuania in the territories of Zarasai and Ignalina municipalities. The area of the regional park according to the revised borders (calculated using digital technologies) makes 29 471 ha.
The aim of this thesis is to examine the botanical diversity of spontaneous dendroflora of Gražutė Regional Park, design the systematic spectrum of the species, present their chorologic evaluation, identify the prevailing woods and assess their condition, describe the rare species and trees that have been declared as the monuments of nature, make an overview of foundation forest seats and Natura 2000 territories, genetic and seminal reserves, standard woods, introduce to cognitive walkways.
The research allowed finding out that Gražutė Regional Park hosts 70 species of spontaneous woody plants out of 94 known in Lithuania (Navasaitis and others, 2003) what makes 74 percent of all the species of spontaneous dendroflora growing in Lithuania. Out of them, there are 4 species of Pinophyta division belonging to 4 genuses and 3 families (6 percent of all the spontaneous species growing in the park), among others there are species of Magnoliophyta division belonging to 36 genuses and 20 families.
After the chorologic spectrum analysis of the species of spontaneous woody plants growing in the park has been carried out, it has been found out in the areal terms that boreotemperate species are prevailing (31), in regional terms – European... [to full text]
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Bugoni, Aline. "Diagnóstico de qualidade ambiental em unidades de conservação: o caso do Parque Estadual Vitório Piassa." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2016. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/1778.
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CAPES<br>Com o passar do tempo, a humanidade começou a se dar conta dos impactos negativos que o mundo moderno ocasionou ao meio ambiente. O bioma Mata Atlântica é um dos biomas mais ricos em biodiversidade, abrangendo mais de 60% de todas as espécies do planeta. Este bioma cobria cerca de 15% do território brasileiro, restando atualmente apenas 7 % de seus remanescentes florestais totalmente fragmentados. É o bioma que mais sofreu com a modernização e as fortes pressões antrópicas no Brasil. Por conta desta degradação ambiental, na segunda metade do século XIX houve uma mudança de pensamento, dando-se maior ênfase na conservação de algumas paisagens naturais, com a pretensão de afastar o homem da natureza ainda preservada. Baseado nos modelos preservacionistas americanos criou-se as Unidades de Conservação da Natureza. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a qualidade ambiental do Parque Estadual Vitório Piassa, uma Unidade de Conservação situada no município de Pato Branco - PR. A qualidade ambiental foi avaliada através do uso de
bioindicadores de qualidade ambiental bem como foram identificadas algumas pressões socioambientais que o Parque vem sofrendo ao longo dos anos. Besouros da família Scarabaeinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) foram utilizados como os organismos bioindicadores. Para comparar as áreas mais conservadas e as áreas mais degradadas do Parque, foram delimitados três locais específicos dentro do fragmento de Mata Atlântica, onde por meio de armadilhas de quedas (Pitfall) os insetos foram capturados e identificados quanto a suas espécies e gêneros. Foram feitas duas coletas nos meses de fevereiro e março do ano de 2015, o que resultou em 945 indivíduos distribuídos em 22 espécies de nove gêneros diferentes. Em seguida, a população de besouros de cada área foi classificada com base em medidas ecológicas como riqueza de espécies, abundância de indivíduos de cada espécie, por meio de índices de diversidade (Shannon e Simpson) para identificar as diferenças entre os grupos amostrados e equitabilidade (Pielou) para medir a distribuição da abundância total entre as espécies de cada área. Para atender ao objetivo de identificar as pressões socioambientais que ocorrem no PEVP, foram coletadas evidências através de fotografias, observação a campo, imagens aéreas e conversas com a população residente no parque. Do mesmo modo, se fez pertinente tomar por base o projeto em execução pelo município, para a construção de infraestrutura para visitação pública. Estes dados serviram de subsídios para confrontar a situação atual do parque e a legislação brasileira vigente para as UC’s de Proteção Integral, evidenciando os conflitos socioambientais existentes no parque, envolvendo questões políticas e a proximidade da Unidade de Conservação com a área urbana da cidade.<br>Over time, humanity began to realize the negative impact that the modern world has caused to the environment. The Atlantic Forest is one of the richest biomes in biodiversity, covering more than 60% of all species on the planet. This biome covered about 15% of the Brazilian territory, leaving currently only 7% of its fully fragmented forest remnants. This was the biome that suffered most from modernization and strong anthropogenic pressures in Brazil. For the account of environmental degradation, in the second half of the nineteenth century there was a shift in thinking, giving greater emphasis on conservation of some natural landscapes, with the intention of removing the man still preserved nature. Based on American models of conservation there were created the Nature Conservation Units. This study aimed to analyze the environmental quality of the State Park Vitório Piassa, a Conservation Unit located in the city of Pato Branco - PR. The environmental quality was measured by use of bio-indicators and some environmental pressures that the Park has suffered over the years also were identified. Beetles of the familiy Scarabaeinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) were used as the bioindicators. To compare the most conserved areas and the most degraded areas of the Park, three specific sites were defined within the Atlantic Forest fragment, these insects were captured with pitfall traps and identified as to their species and genera. There were two collections in February and March 2015, which resulted in 945 individuals in 22 species and nine different genus. Then the population of beetles in each area were classified based on ecological measures such as species richness, abundance of individuals of each species through diversity index (Shannon and Simpson) to identify the differences between the sampled groups and equitability (Pielou) to measure the distribution of the total abundance of the species in each area. To meet the objective of identifying the environmental pressures that occur in PEVP, evidence were collected through photographs, watching the field, aerial images and conversations with the resident population in the park. Similarly, if made relevant to build on the project running by the municipality for the construction of infrastructure for public viewing. These data served as subsidies to confront the current situation of the park and the current Brazilian legislation for UC's of full protection, highlighting the existing socio-environmental conflicts in the park, involving political issues and the proximity of the Conservation Unit with the urban area of the city.
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Vasconcelos, Patrícia Saldanha de. "Indicadores de avaliação de impacto dos parques de inovação tecnológica." Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, 2014. http://tede.udesc.br/handle/handle/1387.
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Previous issue date: 2014-05-12<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior<br>The problem that guides this research is focused on how to evaluate the impact on the
regional development of the TIPs, promoting sustainable and development. And it was
in relation to this problem that was set the general goal of the thesis to develop a system
of indicators to evaluate this impact. The study is part of a theoretical framework that
integrates and relates the concepts of sustainable regional development, TIPs,
innovation and diffusion of innovations, index and indicators, evaluation and impact
assessment in development poles. The research has a descriptive exploratory and
quantitative character and constitutes itself as a survey with a questionnaire. Introducing
a research design, its universe and delimitation, followed by the development, validation
and application of the questionnaire to experts in TIPs. Demonstrating considerations
about the processes of analysis, presentation of data pointing to a progressive filtering
equal to or greater than 50% and 75% approval in maximum and much importance to
"technic-cientific" dimension, which received 98 %, and related indicators that are: -
"Percentage of companies with P & D ( quant)", - " percentage of companies that are
involved in innovation processes (quant)", both achieved the highest choices 97 % each
- "Amount involved in innovation processes, by company (quant) ", - "Number of
universities in the region/number of universities present in the TIPs (quant)" - "Number
of institutions of research non-university with activities in TIPs (quant)", received 92 %.
The dimension "Economy" received 92 % of approvals and their respective indicator -
"Number of jobs created/year (quant)" with 97 %. Concluding with suggestions for
further research in future work and other research to support the targeting strategies of
the TIPs.<br>A pesquisa está centrada em como avaliar o impacto no desenvolvimento regional dos
PITs, como promotores de desenvolvimento sustentável. E foi em relação a este
problema que se fixou como objetivo geral da dissertação elaborar um conjunto de
indicadores para avaliação desse impacto. O estudo insere-se num contexto teórico que
integra e relaciona os conceitos de desenvolvimento regional sustentável, PITs,
inovação e difusão de inovações, índice e indicadores, avaliação e avaliação de impacto
nos polos de desenvolvimento. A pesquisa é de natureza exploratória descritiva de
caráter quantitativo e, se constitui em uma sondagem com questionário. Apresentando
um desenho de pesquisa, seu universo e delimitação, seguido da elaboração, validação e
aplicação do questionário à especialistas em PITs. Demonstrando considerações acerca
dos processos de análise, apresentação dos dados apontando para uma filtragem
progressiva igual ou maior que 50% e 75% de aprovação em máxima e muita
importância para a dimensão Técnicocientífica que recebeu 98% e respectivos
indicadores que são: Percentual de empresas com P&D (quant) , - Percentual de
empresas que estão envolvidas em processos de inovação (quant) ambos obtiveram as
maiores escolhas 97% cada um, Montante envolvido em processos de inovação, por
empresa (quant) , Número de universidades da região/número de universidades
presentes no PIT (quant) Número de instituições de pesquisa não universitárias com
atividades no PIT (quant) receberam 92%. A dimensão Econômica recebeu 92% das
aprovações e seu respectivo indicador Número de postos de trabalho criados/ano
(quant) com 97%. Finalizando com sugestões para aprofundamento em trabalhos
futuros e outras pesquisas para suporte no direcionamento das estratégias dos PITs.
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Lamanauskienė, Aušra. "Gražutės regioninio parko saugomų vertybių geografinis vertinimas." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2008. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2008~D_20080924_182841-69985.
Full textAbstract:
Gražutės regioninis parkas įkurtas siekiant išsaugoti ežeringą ir miškingą Šventosios upės auštupio kraštovaizdį, jo gamtos ir kultūros paveldo vertybes. Gamtos vertybes sudaro 15 draustinių ir gausūs pavieniai objektai: 15 gemorfaloginių, 12 hidrologinių-hidrografinių ir 85 botaniniai-zoologiniai. Kultūros paveldo vertybes sudaro 42 archeologiniai, 21 architektūros, 59 memorialiniai, 26 dailės ir 5 etnografiniai objektai (viso157).Taigi, Gražutės regioniniame parke saugomas gausus paveldas, kuris būdingas visam Rytų Lietuvos regionui.<br>The park was established on purpose to protect laky and sylvan landscape of the Upper Sventoji and the nugget of its natural and cultural legacy. Protected nature objects combine 15 reservations and numerous unique monuments including 15 geomorphologic, 12 hydrological-hydrographical and 85 botanical-zoological objects. Cultural monument under protection include 42 archeological, 21 architectural, 59 memorial, 26 art and 5 ethnographical objects (total :157).The data leads to the conclusion that the Grazutes national park protects the abundance of nature and cultural inheritance which is typical to all the region of East Lithuania.
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Šimkus, Laimonas. "Kauno marių regioninio parko medynų tinkamumo rekreacijai pagrindimas." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2010. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2010~D_20100621_115149-87322.
Full textAbstract:
Magistro darbe tiriamas Kauno marių regioninio parko medynų tinkamumas rekreacijai.
Darbo objektas. Kauno marių regioninio parko medynai.
Darbo tikslas. Pagrįsti Kauno marių regioninio parko medynų tinkamumą rekreacijai.
Darbo metodika. Medynų tinkamumas rekreacijai įvertintas 102 kvartaluose, pagal E. Riepšo (1990) metodiką. Medynų tinkamumo rekreacijai tyrimas atliktas 2743,10 ha plote, duomenų analizei naudojantis ArcGIS programine įranga bei Microsoft Office programų paketu. Rekreacinių miško savybių vertinimas atliktas 57 sklypuose naudojantis E. Riepšo (1990) metodiką. Miško rekreacinė digresija nustatyta pagal E. Riepšo (1990) vertinimo metodiką. Pakrančių ir atabradų tinkamumas rekreacijai atliktas pagal E. Riepšo (1999) vertinimo skales.
Darbo rezultatai. Kauno marių regioniniame parke vyrauja vidutiniškai tinkami rekreacijai medynai (866 ha, 32 %, kurių tinkamumo rekreacijai balas 41 – 60), ir mažai tinkami rekreacijai medynai (879,1 ha, 32 %, kurių balas 21 – 40). Mažiausiai yra labai tinkamų (159,8 ha, 5 %, kurių tinkamumo rekreacijai balas 81 – 100), ir tinkamų (150 ha, 6 %, kurių balas 61 – 80) poilsiui medynų. Nustatyta, kad tolstant nuo Kauno marių pakrančių iki 300 metrų atstumu, medynų tinkančių rekreacijai daugėja, o mažai tinkamų ir netinkamų rekreacijai medynų mažėja. Kauno marių regioninio parko pakrančių medynuose geriausiai įvertintos miško estetinės savybės, žemiausiu balu įvertintas miško atsparumas rekreacijai. Nustatyta, kad daugumos tirtų... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]<br>Master thesis examined the Kauno marios regional park stands suitability for recreation.
The object. Kauno marios regional park stands.
Objective. Reasonable Kauno marios regional park stands adequacy of recreation.
Work practices. Stands for recreational fitness evaluated 102 block, according to E. Riepšo (1990) methodology. Stands for recreation suitability conducted 2743.10 hectares, using ArcGIS software and the Microsoft Office suite spreadsheet. Recreational forest character assessment carried out using 57 plots E. Riepšo (1990) methodology. Forest recreation load found under E. Riepšo (1990) valuation methodology. Coastal and shallow recreation undertaken in relevance E. Riepšo (1999) scales.
Results. Kauno marios park dominated the regional average of stands suitable for recreation (866 ha, 32% of recreational fitness score 41-60) and is not suitable for recreation of stands (879.1 hectares, 32%, with a score 21-40). At least, is appropriate (159.8 ha, 5% of recreational fitness score 81-100), and adequate (150 ha, 6%, with a score from 61 to 80) stands for rest. It was found that the distance from Kauno marios coast and 300 meters, stands suitability for recreation is increasing, but few suitable and unsuitable for recreation plantation decline. Kauno marios regional park coastal forest stands are best assessed in aesthetic qualities, the lowest score assessed forest recreation resistance. It was found that the majority of the investigated stands of coastal... [to full text]
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Jackson, James Charles. "Facility Management Process Improvement for Small National Parks in the Southeast Region of the United States." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/5247.
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This thesis illustrates a process by which small organizations in the National Park Service can implement minor changes in current management and contracting practices to achieve measurable improvements in economy and efficiency by applying the principles and procedures outlined for competitive sourcing studies in Office of Management and Budget Circular A-76 (May 2003).
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Ruault, Jean-François. "L'effet de la consommation de passage sur le développement et l'intégration métropolitaine des territoires en Ile-de-France." Thesis, Paris Est, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PEST1123/document.
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L'importance du tourisme dans l'économie locale renseigne généralement le rôle de l'importation de demande finale dans le développement territorial ; ce rôle est objectivé dans le cadre d'enquêtes et d'outils statistiques permettant d'appréhender et chiffrer les transferts de richesses induits par la consommation des touristes. Pour autant, parmi les consommateurs qui visitent un territoire et y consomment, tous ne sont pas des touristes au sens de l'Insee : ils ne dorment pas sur place, ils rentrent chez eux le soir. Cette consommation non portée par des touristes, que nous nommons « consommation de passage », n'a aujourd'hui que peu de réalité, n'étant ni définie officiellement ni repérée à quelque échelle territoriale que ce soit ; elle est ainsi largement méconnue, dans son ampleur et ses effets sur les transferts de richesses interterritoriaux. Avec la région capitale pour cadre empirique, la thèse privilégie ici un terrain soumis à de multiples mobilités pour soulever deux hypothèses. La consommation de passage des Franciliens en Ile de France serait tout d'abord un vecteur de développement territorial non négligeable au niveau infrarégional. Ensuite, en connectant les territoires, la consommation de passage contribuerait à l'intégration métropolitaine. Afin de tester la validité des deux hypothèses, ce travail adopte une approche circulaire de l'économie, et développe une méthode de suivi des richesses, depuis la dépense initiale jusqu'à la rémunération salariale en bout de course. L'exercice nous conduit in fine à chiffrer les retombées économiques de la consommation de passage et à mesurer l'intensité des liens interterritoriaux qu'elle produit<br>Tourism gives an overview about the role that imported final demand can play in regional economics in general and, in particular, as an engine to community development. This role can be observed through surveys and statistical tools that enable us to understand and quantify generated money flows. However amongst external consumers some of them are not tourists in a classical sense: they do not stay overnight but instead go back home at night. Contrary to world tourism organization, we are less concerned about the unusual environment criterion to define and observe same-day consumers: any money inflows provided by external consumers spendings contribute to community development, unusual environment or not. Therefore we use the term “passing trade” to talk about all same-day consumers. This thesis is about the economic impacts of passing trade. Empirical analyses took place in Paris Region due to its metropolitan favourable context for mobility activities, in particular shopping trips. The thesis then provides support for two hypothesis. The first one is that passing trade can be a significant factor for community development at subregional levels. By connecting areas, the second hypothesis is that passing trade can contribute to metropolitan integration. In order to test these hypotheses, we adopted a circular economy approach, and developed a method for tracking money flows, from the initial spendings to the final wages. In the end, this study led us to quantify money flows amounts, economic impacts and the intensity of spatial interlinkages generated by passing trade
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Pouthier, François. "La place de la culture dans les Parcs naturels régionaux : contribution ou condition du développement territorial ?" Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BOR30015.
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Les Parcs naturels régionaux ont cinquante ans. Leurs missions sont de protéger et mettre en valeur des territoires habités à dominante rurale présentant un intérêt particulier pour la qualité de leurs patrimoines naturels et culturels. Pour cela, ils conjuguent un projet qui rassemble habitants et leurs représentants, un périmètre spatial politico-administratif en continuelle ré-interrogation formalisé par un contrat non prescriptif – une charte –, et un programme d’actions évaluables dans une durée déterminée. La culture y est posée comme moteur du projet de territoire. En croisant les sciences de l’espace, issues de la géographie béhavioriste et du socio-cognitivisme, les sciences humaines – l’ethnologie, la sociologie, la philosophie et l’histoire – et les sciences économiques et du politique, la recherche interroge si leurs interventions culturelles ont participé à la production du(des) territoire(s), soit en apportant une contribution soit en s’imposant comme une condition. Pour se faire, elle décline la notion de « l’agir territorial » (FAVORY, 2003) où cultures et territorialité sont analysées comme des construits socio-politiques. Les actions patrimoniales et leur adhésion au référentiel du développement durable ont transformé les Parcs de gestionnaire en « assembliers » et substitué à la seule médiation patrimoniale et culturelle, une médiation territoriale. Pour cela, sont apparus de nouveaux passeurs : les artistes. Les Parcs ont alors jeté les bases d’une « coproduction culturelle de l’action socio-territoriale ». Cette « transactionnalité » (GIDDENS, 1987) a généré des inters – inter collectivité, inter sectorialité, inter culturalité – « dans » et « entre » les collectivités, « dans » et « entre » les personnes privées et publiques. Ils sont un préalable à une fabrication de « communs culturels territoriaux » qui empruntent leur formule économique à celle qui régit le développement local. Ils fournissent un principe unificateur qui dissout les tensions originelles entre culture(s) et nature suivant le même phénomène que celui de la « créolisation » (GLISSANT, 2001), c’est-à-dire en débouchant non sur un mélange uniformisant ou conflictuel mais sur des recompositions respectives de leurs postures culturelles, susceptibles de réviser leurs systèmes de références et d’agir en communs. Leur résilience se cache dans leur existant, selon le principe pragmatique de « rétro innovation » (MAGNAGHI, 2003). Le résultat de la recherche nous amène alors à émettre une modélisation nommée « l’agir culturel territorial en communs » et à définir une (ad)équation, combinant développement territorial, « communs » et droits culturels<br>Regional Nature Parks have turned fifty. Their missions are to protect and enhance inhabited areas with a predominantly rural character and which are of particular interest for the quality of their natural and cultural heritage. In order to do this, they combine a project that brings together inhabitants and their representatives, a political-administrative spatial perimeter that is constantly being re-interrogated and formalized by a non-prescriptive contract - a charter -, and a programme of actions that can be evaluated within a fixed period of time. Culture is set as the driving force of the territorial project. By combining space sciences (derived from behavioral geography and socio-cognitivism), social sciences (ethnology, sociology, philosophy and history) and economic and political sciences, the research questions whether their cultural interventions have contributed to the production of territory/ies, either by making a contribution or by imposing themselves as a condition. In order to do so, it applies the notion of "territorial action" (FAVORY, 2003) where cultures and territoriality are analyzed as socio-political constructs. Heritage actions and their adherence to the sustainable development reference system have transformed parks from managers to "assemblers" and have replaced the sole heritage and cultural mediation, with territorial mediation. To do this, new facilitators have appeared: artists. Parks then laid the foundations for a "cultural co-production of socio-territorial action". This "transactionality" (GIDDENS, 1987) generated "inters" - inter-community, inter-sector, inter-culture - "in" and "between" communities, "in" and "between" private and public persons. They are a prerequisite for the creation of "territorial cultural commons" that borrow their economic formula from that which governs local development. They provide a unifying principle that dissolves the original tensions between culture(s) and nature, following the same phenomenon as that of "creolization" (GLISSANT, 2001), i.e. by leading not to a unifying or conflictual mixture but to respective recompositions of their cultural postures, likely to revise their systems of reference and act as commons. Their resilience is hidden in their existing, according to the pragmatic principle of "retro innovation" (MAGNAGHI, 2003). The result of the research leads us to develop a model called "territorial cultural action in common" and to define an (ad)equation combining territorial development, "commons" and cultural rights
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Valiukas, Laimis. "Verkių regioninio parko miškų ir vandenų tinkamumo rekreacijai ir lankomumo analizė." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2009. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2008~D_20090114_155138-49925.
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Magistro darbe tiriama Verkių regioninio parko miškų ir vandenų tinkamumas rekreacijai. Darbo objektas – Verkių regioninis parkas Darbo tikslas – įvertinti Verkių regioninio parko rekreacinius išteklius ir jų naudojimą, ir parengti siūlymus rekreacijos plėtrai. Darbo metodika – Lankomumas tirtas atrankiniu momentiniu metodu, esant giedram ir apsiniaukusiam orui įprastinėmis dienomis ir savaitgaliais prie Balsio, Didžiojo Gulbino ežerų. Anketinė apklausa apima 160 respondentų. Miškų tinkamumas poilsiui vertintas pagal E. Riepšo (1990) metodiką. Miškai vertinti atsižvelgiant į tinkamumo poilsiui kriterijus tokius kaip medyno rūšinė sudėtis, amžius, augavietė, skalsumas. Buvo tirta 24 kvartalai ir jų sklypai, patenkantys į rekreacinės zonos miškus. Darbo rezultatai – Rekreacinei zonai priskirta visai netinkamų ir mažai tinkamų baltalksnynų, drebulynų. Poilsiavimo vietos pasirinkimui miške svarbus yra vandens telkinių, tinkamų maudytis, artumas. Labiausiai lankomos 50-100 metrų atstumu nuo jų esančios poilsiavietės ir maudyklės.<br>This study is analyzing park niches and water suitability for recreation at Verkiai Regional Park. The Object – Verkiai Regional Park. The Goal - To evaluate use of recreational resources of Verkiai Regional Park and to propose suggestions for further development of recreation. Research methods – Attendance was examined by using selective instantaneous method, given during the weekdays and weekends, both fine and overcast days next to Balsys, Didysis Gulbinas lakes. 160 respondents participated in poll. Suitability of forests was estimated according to E. Riepšas methods (Riepšas, 1990). Forests were rated depending on several parameters, such as forest composition, habitat, density. 24 forest sections and their sites that overlapped recreational forest zones were examined. Results – Some inapplicable forests such as aspen-wood or whiter alder-wood were classified as recreational forest zone. Distance from water sources that are suitable for swimming matters a lot, while selecting places of recreation in forest. Most attended resorts and swimming places ranged between 50 – 100 meters.
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Geffroy, Damien Stephane. "A city of projects: Grand Paris, the 2024 Summer Olympics, and the jurisdictional negotiation of contemporary Paris." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/89932.
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Paris' successful bid for the 2024 Summer Olympics arises in the midst of a grand rethinking of the politics of regional and local development in the Île-de-France region. The emerging ambition to advance a metropolitan model is fundamentally hindered by a historically persistent and burdensome institutional puzzle. Contravening the consensual political dogma that such intricate structure demands to be simplified, initiatives of metropolization prompted the establishment of a new administrative layer, the Métropole du Grand Paris (MGP). By advocating dynamics of cooperation, the MGP is the institutional manifestation of a State-led ambition to reinvent a detrimental power mosaic in the region. But limited resources, expertise, and jurisdictional authority prevent it from asserting relevance within the metropolitan conversation. Yet, the Olympic project provides the MGP with a compelling opportunity to manifest crucial competence and to significantly mature its authoritative influence. In this thesis, we explore the blending of the Grand Paris regional development project and the Olympic ambition by investigating the role of the 2024 Summer Olympics in the establishment of an ambitious yet fragile metropolitan model. We use key informant interviews and secondary sources such as news articles, bid books, and official documents to interrogate the way France is tackling, in the 21st century, the challenges of metropolization. Our evidence suggests that Paris as a city of projects fundamentally corresponds to a ground for experimentation that puts institutions and infrastructure at the forefront of discussions. It appears clear that the Games correspond to a grand excuse to legitimize investments in ongoing projects (specifically the Grand Paris Express) and to consolidate State-led spatial reforms with little risk of dissension. The 2024 Summer Olympics are the State's cautious means to inquire the feasibility of a grand ambition without committing to an overhaul of the jurisdictional structure of metropolization.<br>Master of Science<br>After multiple failed French mega event bids, Paris was elected as host city of the 2024 Summer Olympics. While ostensibly the 2024 Summer Olympics are linked to Paris, the spatial requirements of the event explicitly suggest Paris’ incapability to accommodate specialty infrastructure within its own city limits. Ultimately, an important negotiation must take place in order to identify potential sites suitable for olympic facilities while also considering the production of a significant urban, economic, and social heritage. As such, the 2024 Summer Olympics emerge as an opportunity to investigate the way France is tackling, in the 21st century, the challenges of metropolization. This paper examines the blending of the Grand Paris regional development project and the Olympic ambition. Relying on interviews with key informants and secondary sources such as news articles, bid books, and city planning documents, it specifically addresses the implications of organizing the distribution of jurisdictions in a complex multi-layered structure of governance and a desire for political legitimacy.
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La, Salle Marina J. "Escape into nature : the ideology of Pacific Spirit Regional Park." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/48445.
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This dissertation investigates the ideology of Pacific Spirit Regional Park, an urban forest adjacent to the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, Canada. Using the tools of archaeology and anthropology, I analyse the history, landscape, performance, and discourse of the park to understand Pacific Spirit as a culturally-constructed place that embodies an ideology of imperialism. Central in this dynamic is the carefully crafted illusion of Pacific Spirit as a site of “nature,” placed in opposition to “culture,” which naturalizes the values that created and are communicated through the park and thereby neutralizes their politics. They remain, however, very political.
The park as nature erases the history and heritage of the Indigenous peoples of this region, transforming Pacific Spirit into a new terra nullius—a site to be discovered and explored, militaristic themes that consistently underlie park programs and propaganda. These cultural tropes connect to produce a nationalistic settler narrative wherein class ideals of nature and community are evoked in the celebration of Canada’s history of colonialism and capitalist expansion—paradoxically, the very processes that have caused the fragmentation of communities and ecosystems.
The park as nature also feeds into the portrayal of this space as having been saved from development and, as such, an environmental triumph. In this context, the park is viewed as escape from the psychological trauma and alienation of city living and is celebrated and revered as a sacred place. This portrayal enables the forgetting of injustice and promotes a collective amnesia through the creation of a fairy-tale version of reality. The result is to disperse emotion and energy that otherwise could be mobilized against capitalism to prevent ongoing global ecological devastation.
The ideology of the Pacific Spirit as nature therefore constitutes social violence by rewriting both the past and present of this land and its peoples, thereby hindering recognition of and rebellion against power. Pacific Spirit is thus a hegemonic space that reproduces colonial relationships and naturalizes capitalism. Exposing the park as a cultural place and illuminating the ideology that it perpetuates may be a crucial first step towards disrupting power through the creation of counter-narratives.<br>Arts, Faculty of<br>Anthropology, Department of<br>Graduate
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Norwood, Robert Lee. "Tertiary wastewater treatment using riparian wetlands: A curriculum guide for high school students." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1997. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/44.
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Tjernberg, Ellen. "Hur science parks och inkubatorer kan stötta kommersialiseringen av idéer sprungna från näringslivet: En studie av Science Park Jönköping samt några företag i regionen." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Industriell ekonomi, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-109109.
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This master thesis has been written in collaboration with Science Park Jönköping and is based on a problem related to corporate innovation. Science Park Jönköping believes that there is an untapped potential in existing industry in the form of ideas that are never commercialized. These theories are also supported in the research in which other authors have perceived that the ideas and inventions which do not belong to the core business risk ending up in drawers. If more of these ideas could be spin-offs or other forms of enterprise instead of staying in the drawers it would lead to growth, both for companies and for the society in large. The purpose of the thesis work is to, based on the case Science Park Jönköping, analyze how science parks and incubators can support the commercialization of ideas that derive from industry, who otherwise had been left lying. The work began with a mapping of the Science Park Jönköping operations and the skills they possess, and then other initiatives that aim to commercialize more ideas from companies were examined. This was made through interviews. Finally five small and medium sized companies in the Jönköping area were interviewed with the purpose to investigate if they follow any innovation processes, what type of help and resources they lack and the companies view on Science Park Jönköping and cooperation with external actors. To create a theoretical platform to be able to analyze the empirical results, an investigation was made including a number of innovation processes in order to create a general picture of the elements involved in an innovation process. This was helpful in order to analyze the company interviews in a structured way. Then how science parks and incubators are described in theory was examined. Finally, the literature on business development, spin-offs, corporate ventures and open innovation were studied. The conclusions that the study resulted in is partly that there are ideas in companies which currently is not taken care of because they do not belong to the core business. Companies also have a very vague idea of what science parks and incubators are doing and how they can support the innovation processes. Furthermore, science parks and incubators must increase their marketing directed at companies outside the park. The marketing should highlight the broad expertise in innovation processes and business development, and the networks they possess. In order to get more ideas from industry to be commercialized science parks and incubators can act as external corporate venturing units for small and medium sized companies through the use of a spin-off process.<br>Detta examensarbete har skrivits i samarbete med Science Park Jönköping och grundar sig i ett problem i samband med företags innovationsarbete. Science Park Jönköping menar att det finns en outnyttjad potential i befintlig industri i form av idéer som aldrig kommersialiseras. Dessa teorier får stöd även i forskningen där flera författare har uppfattat att idéer och uppfinningar som inte hör till kärnverksamheten riskerar att hamna i byrålådor. Om fler av dessa idéer kunde bli avknoppningar eller andra företagsformer istället för att stanna i byrålådorna skulle det leda till ökad tillväxt både för företagen och för samhället i stort. Syftet med examensarbetet är att utifrån fallet Science Park Jönköping analysera hur science parks och inkubatorer kan stötta kommersialiseringen av idéer sprungna från näringslivet, som annars riskerar att bli liggande. Arbetet inleddes med en kartläggning av Science Park Jönköpings verksamhet och den kompetensbas de besitter, sedan undersöktes andra initiativ som syftar till att kommersialisera fler idéer från näringslivet, vilket skedde genom intervjuer. Slutligen intervjuades fem små och medelstora företag i Jönköpingsområdet med syfte att undersöka om de följer några innovationsprocesser, vilken typ av hjälp och resurser de saknar samt företagens syn på Science Park Jönköping och samarbete med externa aktörer. För att skapa en teoretisk plattform att analysera de empiriska resultaten mot undersöktes bland annat ett antal innovationsprocesser för att kunna skapa en generell bild av vilka moment som ingår i en innovationsprocess. Detta var till hjälp för att kunna analysera företagsintervjuerna på ett strukturerat sätt. Därefter undersöktes hur science parks och inkubatorer beskrivs i teorin. Slutligen har litteratur kring affärsutveckling, spin-off, corporate ventures och öppen innovation studerats. De slutsatser som studien resulterat i är dels att det finns idéer i företag som i dagsläget inte tas om hand eftersom de inte hör till kärnverksamheten. Företagen har också en mycket vag bild av vad science parks och inkubatorer gör och hur dessa kan stötta företags innovationsprocesser. Vidare måste science parks och inkubatorer öka sin marknadsföring riktad mot företag utanför parken. Marknadsföringen bör belysa den breda kompetens inom innovationsprocesser och affärsutveckling samt de nätverk de besitter. För att fler idéer från näringslivet ska kommersialiseras kan science parks och inkubatorer agera externa corporate venturing-enheter för små och medelstora företag genom att använda sig av en spin-off-process.
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Waechter, Alexandra. "Regional Assessment of Glacier Motion in Kluane National Park, Yukon Territory." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/30190.
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This project presents regional velocity measurements for the eastern portion of the St. Elias Mountains, including the entire glaciated area of Kluane National Park, derived from speckle tracking of Radarsat-2 imagery acquired in winter 2011 and 2012. This technique uses a cross-correlation approach to determine the displacement of the ‘speckle’ pattern of radar phase returns between two repeat-pass images. Further reconstruction of past velocities is performed on a selection of key glaciers using feature tracking of Landsat-5 imagery, allowing for the investigation of variability in glacier motion on interannual and decadal time scales.
The results of the analysis showed that there is a strong velocity gradient across the region reflecting high accumulation rates on the Pacific-facing slope of the mountain range. These glaciers may have velocities an order of magnitude greater than glaciers of a similar size on the landward slope. Interannual variability was high, both in relation to surge events, of which a number were identified, and variation of other unknown controls on glacier motion. A long-term trend of velocity decrease was observed on the Kaskawulsh Glacier when comparing the results of this analysis to work carried out in the 1960s, the pattern of which is broadly congruent to measurements of surface elevation change over a similar period.
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Herschell, Emily. "The Cape Flats Urban Park : guidelines for multifunctional open space planning." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/8745.
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Bibliography: leaves 110-120.<br>Over time, the lack of coherent thought concerning the potential roles of urban open spaces has resulted in the necessity of urban management to become vigilant with regard to the collective aspects of city life. Urban open spaces are especially significant in this regard. In giving attention to the scale, continuity, distribution and status of public open space in Cape Town and indeed, in all South African urban centres, developing the role of public spaces in the lives of the urban poor is especially crucial. This study examines the concept of the ability of multifunctional urban open space in playing the role of a socio-economic developmental tool. In this endeavour, two fundamental approaches are used. The first investigates the significance of open space and examines the history of open space and park development. Cases of successful park developments are presented so as to identify central conceptual ideas and certain key success factors. The second uses a local park proposal, the Cape Flats Urban Park, as an instrument with which to explore the concept. This involves integrating the notions of natural process needs and human needs so as to inform use. Accordingly, a natural systems analysis discovers the particular ecological needs of the area through factors of opportunity and constraint and a potential park user analysis discovers the characteristics and needs of human users, in order to discern what role the urban park could play in enabling socio-economic development and improving quality of life. Consequently, resultant guidelines for planning successful multifunctional open spaces are summarised, and further considerations and guiding principles for multifunctional open space planning are presented. These insights are applied and determine broad distributional tendencies, which may assist towards the creation of a successful plan for the Cape Flats Urban Park and other open spaces. The procedure in which these investigations were followed through was primarily through an extensive literature survey, supplemented by personal observation, map surveys and informal interviews. The findings of this study endorse the proposal for a multifunctional Cape Flats Urban Park, as this park could play conservation, resource preservation, flood control, productive, economic, ceremonial, cultural, educational, health improving, recreational and community-building roles. As such, urban open spaces have the potential to become multifaceted resources, with both intangible and tangible benefits for nature and for people, all of which can improve the quality of life for city dwellers, by improving the quality of the environment in which they live.
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Stundžia, Audrius. "Krekenavos regioninio parko problemos." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2009. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2009~D_20090603_100529-25178.
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Magistrinio darbo objektas – Krekenavos regioninis parkas. Šio darbo tikslas – išnagrinėti Krekenavos regioninio parko dabartinę situaciją, siūlomus pokyčius ir tolimesnes parko perspektyvas. Taip pat tiriama, su kokiomis problemomis susiduria parko teritorijoje gyvenantys žmonės, pateikiami pasiūlymai, kaip gerinti jų gyvenimo ir veiklos sąlygas. Darbe taip pat aptariami Krekenavos regioninio parko gamtinės aplinkos ypatumai, saugomi gamtos ir kultūros paveldo objektai, analizuojamos parko funkcinės zonos ir numatomi jų pokyčiai.
Tyrimams naudoti šie metodai: monografinis, analitinis, palyginimo, statistinis bei grafinio vaizdavimo. Taip pat naudotasi žemės reformos žemėtvarkos projektais bei kartografine medžiaga.
Krekenavos regioninis parkas buvo įkurtas 1992 metais. Jo tikslas -- išsaugoti Nevėžio vidurupio paslėnio kraštovaizdį, jo gamtinę ekosistemą bei kultūros paveldo vertybes, jas tvarkyti ir racionaliai naudoti. (Lietuvos...,1992). Patvirtintas regioninio parko plotas – 11 968 ha. Parko teritorijoje įsikūrę apie 4 tūkst. gyventojų.
Krekenavos regioninis parkas priklauso 1992 metais Lietuvoje pradėtai kurti saugomų teritorijų sistemai. Saugomos teritorijos – tai sausumos ir (ar) vandens plotai nustatytomis aiškiomis ribomis, turintys pripažintą mokslinę, ekologinę, kultūrinę ir kitokią vertę, ir kuriems teisės aktais nustatytas specialus apsaugos ir naudojimo režimas (tvarka). (Lietuvos..., 2001).
Atrodytų, valstybės sprendimą kurti saugomas teritorijas –... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]<br>The subject of master thesis is Krekenava Regional Park. The aim of the thesis is to analyse the current situation of Krekenava Regional Park, suggestions for changes and future perspectives of the park. The problems of people residing in the territory of the park are also examined and the suggestions for improving the quality of their life and activities are presented. The paper discusses the peculiarities of natural environment of Krekenava Regional Park, natural and cultural heritage protected and analyses the functional zones of the park and the expected changes.
The research methods: monographic, analytical, comparison, statistical and graphical. Land use projects of land reform and cartographic material were also used.
Krekenava Regional Park was established in 1992. Its aim is to protect the landscape of the Middle Nevezis valley, its natural ecosystem and valuable cultural heritage, take care of it and exploit it rationally (Lietuvos...,1992). The official area of the regional park is 11 968 ha. There are approximately four thousand inhabitants in its territory.
Krekenava Regional Park is part of the Lithuanian system of protected territories that was initiated in 1992. Protected territories are the areas of land and/or water with precisely determined borders of acknowledged scientific, ecological, cultural or any other value and require special protection and usage procedures according to legislation (Lietuvos..., 2001).
It seems that the decision of the State... [to full text]
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Dunn, Michael. "Affordable housing in Northumberland National Park." Thesis, Northumbria University, 2011. http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/382/.
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