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1
Beckfield, Jason. "The consequences of regional political and economic integration for inequality and the welfare state in Western Europe." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/3183488.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of Sociology, 2005.Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 66-08, Section: A, page: 3111. Adviser: Arthur S. Alderson. Title from dissertation home page (viewed Oct. 5, 2006).
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Howlett, D. "An analysis of a regional nuclear safeguards organisation : The European Atomic Energy Community (EURATOM) and the development of nuclear safeguards in Western Europe." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.235227.
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Limonta, Marina <1993>. "REGIONAL DIVERGENCES IN WESTERN EUROPE. SKILL CONVERGENCE AND REGIONAL RESPONSES TO SOCIO-ECONOMIC CHANGE." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/15300.
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The first section of the thesis provides a sequence of theories and models by regional economics come over the last fifty years. Locational theory, regional growth and local development theories, give us understanding to the role of “space”, that is included as an economic resource of the “territory” in which firms are situated and generate advantages. By the patent distribution analysis, it is evident that agglomeration economies are leading city regions through an exponential growth due to positive externalities, and it is causing an opposite direction for the less favoured regions which carried problems such as missing knowledge, income inequalities, less incentives to growth and networking. Evidences agreed that inequality among European Union’s regions has turned considerably up at the early 2000, after having fallen in the 1990s from the previously high-level period. The less favoured regions, such as small and medium-sized manufacturing cities and regions, have suffered employment and income. On the other hand, the more favoured regions, large metropolitan areas, are now up to the positive wave of good income and employment. Since the 2000s, complex technology has an important role in urban agglomeration, but does not take the place of some (tacit) knowledge embodied in social network. This concept explains the role of human capital, which due to complex economic and consequently growth economic. The second part of the thesis provides an empirical analysis concerning the differential evolution of skills migration by unit of metropolitan statistical area (MSA), which is ranked by high-skill workers over low-skill workers, in the period of time 2000-2010. The empirical study is inspired by a different in differences analysis by Giannone (2017). The analysis shows that both the relative price and supply of skill increased since 1980, suggesting an increase in relative demand for educated workers. The literature named Skill-Biased Technical Change (SBTC) this shift in demand, and researchers explain how SBTC led to rise in earning inequalities. These tendencies of development in favours geographical concentration of the best jobs and high skills, have confirmed the divergence through EU regions. On one side, metropolitan regions are the fundamental motors of European’s overall prosper. By the other side, periphery regions are on their way of declining prosperity and lack of real opportunity, which is not only economically inefficient, but also socially and politically dangerous. The third section of the thesis look at the “Great Divergence” (Moretti, 2012) in a way to observe the agglomeration and SBTC effects which leads to a spatial wage convergence decreased. Many cities and regions across Europe’s economic peripheries have been stuck in a low- development trap. As few researchers questioned, does it mean that policy should react and focus on equity instead of agglomeration? According to Rodríguez-Pose (2017), weak institutions and poor-quality government are crucial obstacle to development. Instead, the capability to generate prosperity and maximizing the territorial potential to generate and share positive externalities, is an attitude which differs trough regions and, even more, countries. Place-sensitive distributed development policies (PSDDP) refer to an innovative development policy approach which remain sensitive to the characteristics, features and conditions of every territory. Different development regions require different policy approaches.The study case takes into observation Italy, with focus on North/South regions behaviour, and Germany in a wide sense and with refer to later developed German Democratic Republic regions.To better understand the migration of high skill since their initial skill ratio, it is investigated which role institutions have in the process, especially in education system, with a focus on Italian central unit system and German autonomous regional system.
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Niewiadomski, Piotr. "International hotel groups and regional development in Central and Eastern Europe." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2012. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/international-hotel-groups-and-regional-development-in-central-and-eastern-europe(7e58fd71-5f1d-4281-b5c2-57f288b4ee3a).html.
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While it cannot be questioned that we live in an era of unprecedented, often conflicting and turbulent changes, which, alongside their outcomes, are commonly referred to as “globalisation”, some processes of economic globalisation still remain largely under-researched both in sectoral and geographical terms. Conducted from the perspective of economic geography, this thesis addresses two significant research lacunae in economic geography – one sectoral (the hotel industry) and one geographical (Central and Eastern Europe). The paucity of research on services in general and tourism and the hotel sector in particular (the sectoral gap) is especially pronounced with regard to the CEE region (the geographical gap). Meanwhile, the globalisation of the service sector which, further to the collapse of the communist system in 1989, has also embraced CEE is seen to have a growing impact on the (re)integration of the CEE countries into the global economy. Concurrently, the importance of the CEE market in the globalisation of services is also constantly increasing. Thus, as the first systematic study of the international hotel sector in the CEE region, the thesis makes an important contribution to the understanding of the globalisation of the hotel industry (and the globalisation of the service sector) both in theoretical and empirical terms. The thesis focuses on the spatial expansion of international hotel groups into Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) after 1989 and its main objective is to describe and explain the interactions between different forms of corporate development of international hotel groups and the processes of regional growth in different institutional contexts in CEE. The thesis is mainly qualitative. It is based on two intersecting comparative case studies – one organisational (all hotel groups from the world’s Top 50 that are present in CEE, i.e. 23 groups) and one territorial (three CEE countries – Poland, Estonia and Bulgaria). Grounded in the global production networks (GPN) perspective (Henderson et al 2002), the thesis investigates what can be called two “dimensions” of globalisation of the hotel industry (Coe and Ward 2007). Thus, apart from exploring the geographical expansion of international hotel groups into CEE (the horizontal dimension) the thesis also focuses upon the embeddedness of hotel groups in the variety of socio-political and institutional contexts currently emerging in CEE in place of state socialism (the vertical dimension). With regard to the horizontal dimension, the thesis argues that the spatial distribution of international hotels in CEE is shaped by two sets of factors – hotel groups’ strategies of expansion and the varying opportunities for the hotel sector development that different markets in CEE can offer. With regard to the vertical dimension, in turn, it is contended that the degree to which each economic, political or social characteristic of a given post-communist context influences the expansion of hotel groups hinges upon the business model preferred by the hotel group. By the same token, the degree to which the group can foster regional growth in a given territory hinges upon the level of embeddedness of the group in that territory which, in turn, is reflective of the business model employed by the hotel group with regard to a given hotel.
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Di, Cataldo Marco. "Regional and local development in Europe: Public policies, investment strategies, institutions." Doctoral thesis, LSE, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10278/3727743.
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The development strategies being promoted in the EU – Europe 2020 and the 2014-2020 Cohesion Policy – aim to supersede the presumed incompatibility between efficiency and equity through a policy approach tailoring interventions to the key specificities of all territories, including the most disadvantaged. In this view, the socio-economic progress of lagging regions would help keeping under control any increase in inequalities potentially associated with the economic development process. However, the idea of promoting spatially-targeted interventions in economically backward areas has been conceptually questioned, and the effectiveness of the Cohesion Policy programme in poorer regions is yet to be convincingly proven.
In the policy framework underpinning EU strategies, a key role is assigned to the quality of regional and local government institutions. Public institutions are conceived as instrumental for identifying and solving the bottlenecks inhibiting economic growth and perpetuating social exclusion in poorer places. Nevertheless, local governments may also be responsible for wastes and misallocations of financial resources. While theoretical contributions on the importance of government institutions for regional and local development abound, empirical evidence on their functioning is scarce. Through which mechanisms they influence the design and outcomes of public policies is unclear.
Drawing from cross-country investigations and case-studies in the European context, the four quantitative studies composing this Thesis contribute to shed light on these related issues.
Focusing on the United Kingdom, the first paper evaluates the economic and labour market impact of EU Cohesion Policy. Counterfactual analyses demonstrate that EU regional policies may have a beneficial impact on the labour market and growth path of peripheral regions. The study warns over possible negative repercussions of a discontinuation of EU financial support to poorer areas, a result of obvious relevance for the country after ‘Brexit’.
By exploiting panel samples of EU regions, the second and third papers shed light on the role of government institutions for the returns of regional investments and for labour market and social conditions in Europe. The second paper examines the link between institutional quality, transport infrastructure investments, and economic growth. It shows that improvements in secondary (local) roads are conducive to a better economic performance only in presence of sound regional governments. The third paper investigates the extent to which the factors at the centre of European growth strategies – institutions, innovation, human capital and transport infrastructure – contribute to the generation of employment and to social inclusion in EU regions. The evidence produced suggests that regional government institutions have been essential to mitigate social exclusion issues in EU regions.
The fourth paper focuses on Southern Italy to examine how public finances are distorted by ‘local governments captures’ operated by organised crime. Collusions between mafia and local politics have a significant impact on the selection of investments and on the collection of fiscal revenues. The local policy agenda is modified to the advantage of the interests of organised crime.
Overall, the evidence emerging from this Thesis suggests that policy interventions have the potential to boost the economic and labour market performance of the less developed EU regions. However, any favourable policy outcome (both in terms of efficiency and equity) is conditioned by the competence and the goodwill of government institutions responsible for defining development targets and enforcing investment plans. When politicians are conditioned by illegal pressures from criminal groups, investment decisions follow special interests rather than general welfare goals. In turn, inadequate governance harms the economic impact of selected interventions. The results are particularly relevant for the lively debate, within economic geography, on the pre-conditions and policy measures enabling ‘smart and inclusive’ development at the sub-national level.
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Di, Cataldo Marco. "Regional and local development in Europe : public policies, investment strategies, institutions." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2017. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3715/.
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The development strategies being promoted in the EU – Europe 2020 and the 2014-2020 Cohesion Policy – aim to supersede the presumed incompatibility between efficiency and equity through a policy approach tailoring interventions to the key specificities of all territories, including the most disadvantaged. In this view, the socio-economic progress of lagging regions would help keeping under control any increase in inequalities potentially associated with the economic development process. However, the idea of promoting spatially-targeted interventions in economically backward areas has been conceptually questioned, and the effectiveness of the Cohesion Policy programme in poorer regions is yet to be convincingly proven. In the policy framework underpinning EU strategies, a key role is assigned to the quality of regional and local government institutions. Public institutions are conceived as instrumental for identifying and solving the bottlenecks inhibiting economic growth and perpetuating social exclusion in poorer places. Nevertheless, local governments may also be responsible for wastes and misallocations of financial resources. While theoretical contributions on the importance of government institutions for regional and local development abound, empirical evidence on their functioning is scarce. Through which mechanisms they influence the design and outcomes of public policies is unclear. Drawing from cross-country investigations and case-studies in the European context, the four quantitative studies composing this Thesis contribute to shed light on these related issues. Focusing on the United Kingdom, the first paper evaluates the economic and labour market impact of EU Cohesion Policy. Counterfactual analyses demonstrate that EU regional policies may have a beneficial impact on the labour market and growth path of peripheral regions. The study warns over possible negative repercussions of a discontinuation of EU financial support to poorer areas, a result of obvious relevance for the country after ‘Brexit’. By exploiting panel samples of EU regions, the second and third papers shed light on the role of government institutions for the returns of regional investments and for labour market and social conditions in Europe. The second paper examines the link between institutional quality, transport infrastructure investments, and economic growth. It shows that improvements in secondary (local) roads are conducive to a better economic performance only in presence of sound regional governments. The third paper investigates the extent to which the factors at the centre of European growth strategies – institutions, innovation, human capital and transport infrastructure – contribute to the generation of employment and to social inclusion in EU regions. The evidence produced suggests that regional government institutions have been essential to mitigate social exclusion issues in EU regions. The fourth paper focuses on Southern Italy to examine how public finances are distorted by ‘local governments captures’ operated by organised crime. Collusions between mafia and local politics have a significant impact on the selection of investments and on the collection of fiscal revenues. The local policy agenda is modified to the advantage of the interests of organised crime. Overall, the evidence emerging from this Thesis suggests that policy interventions have the potential to boost the economic and labour market performance of the less developed EU regions. However, any favourable policy outcome (both in terms of efficiency and equity) is conditioned by the competence and the goodwill of government institutions responsible for defining development targets and enforcing investment plans. When politicians are conditioned by illegal pressures from criminal groups, investment decisions follow special interests rather than general welfare goals. In turn, inadequate governance harms the economic impact of selected interventions. The results are particularly relevant for the lively debate, within economic geography, on the pre-conditions and policy measures enabling ‘smart and inclusive’ development at the sub-national level.
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Simms, Jonathan Oliver. "Convergence, endogenous growth, and development in the regions of Europe." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.297272.
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Armstrong, Rachel J. "Regional sustainability strategies : a regional focus for opportunities to improve sustainability in Western Australia /." Access via Murdoch University Digital Theses Project, 2003. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20040811.143311.
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Narainne, Guillaume Jean-Robert. "Proposed spatial development framework and precinct framework for George, Western Cape." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/18169.
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Includes bibliographical referencesThe South African city is facing overarching issues which include skewed and dysfunctional urban forms, rapid urbanization and population growth resulting in ever increasing poverty, inequality and unemployment. The spatial configuration and socio-economic concerns were triggered by the 'historical development trajectory' during the Apartheid Era alongside with infective urban management policies and practices during the post-Apartheid period. These innumerable patterns of spatial segregation have created important structural ineptitudes which contribute to the aforementioned socio-economic challenges. According to Stats SA (2011), more than 60% of South Africans live in urban regions. Thus, the consequences of urbanisation and a high fertility rate are bringing new challenges to the urban management in South African's settlements. There are two main implications deriving from these identified demographic dynamics. Firstly, the patterns of urban growth which accompany rapid urbanisation. The legacy of the Apartheid Planning Model together with the rising demand for housing and social service infrastructure has resulted in an urban system characterised by low density urban sprawl, a fragmented coarse-grain urban fabric, the separation of various social groups (racial and income) and dysfunctional urban land-uses. Secondly, the social consequences resulted from expanding growing level of poverty, imbalanced development, unemployment and informality levels within human settlements. In response to the fore-mentioned issues, this report argues a Spatial Development Framework and precinct design for the town of George. The SDF and precinct design are believed to create a restructuring process for a balanced approach towards development and economic growth. From a spatial perspective, the SDF aims to achieve this vision through the creation of a sustainable and equitable town.
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Unsal, Hizir Tenguz. "A comparison of the consumer product development process between Turkey and Western Europe." Thesis, Northumbria University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.325764.
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KISER, EDGAR VANCE. "KINGS AND CLASSES: CROWN AUTONOMY, STATE POLICIES, AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN WESTERN EUROPEAN ABSOLUTISMS (ENGLAND, FRANCE, SWEDEN, SPAIN)." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184073.
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This dissertation explores the role of Absolutist states in the transition from feudalism to capitalism in Western Europe. Three general questions are addressed: (1) what are the determinants of variations in the autonomy of rulers? (2) what are the consequences of variations in autonomy for states policies? and (3) what are the effects of various state policies on economic development? A new theoretical framework, based on a synthesis of the neoclassical economic literature on principal-agent relations and current organizational theory in sociology, is developed to answer these three questions. Case studies of Absolutism in England, France, Sweden, and Spain are used to illustrate the explanatory power of the theory.
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Edwards, John Huw. "A capabilities approach to local and regional development in Europe : evidence from Alentejo, Portugal." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/1505.
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This thesis examines the potential of the Capabilities Approach for the study and practice of local and regional development in Europe. It is based on the work of Amartya Sen, the Nobel Prize winning economist who has applied the approach most notably in the field of Development Studies. Sen argues that expanding people’s freedom to live a life they value is the principal means and end of development, a conceptual position that helps to fill a void in the current literature in Regional Studies. His focus on the expansion of freedoms (capabilities) is extended to the context of local and regional development: It is shown that Sen’s five “instrumental freedoms” can be used as a method for development and his “intrinsic freedoms” form a better framework to evaluate progress than traditional indicators. The goal of regional development should be to allow as many people to live a life they value in the largest number of places, not merely a rise in individual utility. Following Sen’s call for vigorous enquiry into how capabilities are experienced, the thesis draws on empirical fieldwork from the Portuguese region of Alentejo. It explores how geography affects capabilities and identifies a number of social, physical and scalar factors. Moreover it shows how these factors interact in particular places. Together with the finding that collective capabilities can largely determine individual capabilities, the notion of ‘net regional capabilities’ is elaborated. Yet, this is a sum of capabilities and a second crucial factor is how they are distributed within a region. Indeed, Alentejo demonstrates a strong heterogeneity in relation to the distribution of capabilities. As Evans suggests, Sen’s work is promising because of what it fails to answer as much as the groundbreaking framework that it develops and in this respect the thesis highlights several missing aspects to the Capabilities Approach. Based on the observation that individual capabilities often depend on collective action, it agrees with Corbridge that Sen underestimates the role of power and inevitability of conflict. It also finds that gains in individual capabilities do not always increase the overall sum; in other words there are trade-offs that have to be addressed in development dilemmas. The main contributions of this thesis are thus to adapt the Capabilities Approach to Regional Studies and add to Sen’s work through the consideration of geography as an important influence on capabilities.
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Morgans, Helen Sarah. "Early to middle Jurassic stratigraphic development, vegetation and climate change in north-western Europe." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1997. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:4b5cae3c-7562-45b9-b2a2-543b2649b24f.
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The aim of work presented in this thesis was to explore the inter-relationships of cyclic sedimentation, relative sea-level change, and palaeoclimate as inferred from plant megafossils. To this end, the investigation focused on the classic plant-bearing Middle Jurassic succession of Yorkshire. The Middle Jurassic (Aalenian-Bathonian) Ravenscar Group of the Cleveland Basin (Yorkshire) comprises a predominantly fluvio-deltaic succession intercalated between thinner, laterally persistent marine units. There is a pronounced lateral facies change across the basin, from mainly alluvial sediments in the north to more marine deposits in the south. Although variable in character, the facies composing the sequence are described by four principal environments of deposition: alluvial, estuarine, lagoonal and marine. In an attempt to achieve a more accurate stratigraphic control on the succession, sequence-stratigraphic concepts are applied to outcrop exposures and subsurface cores. The identification of 'key surfaces' in the sequence resolves a series of lithological cycles which reflect relative sea-level fluctuations. Using this approach the Aalenian-Bathonian sequence can be subdivided into two large-scale (second-order) transgressive-regressive cycles onto which six medium-scale (thirdorder) cycles of transgression and regression are superimposed. The potential for correlating these lithological cycles regionally has been assessed by comparing coeval sections from southern Scandinavia. Plant-bearing fluvio-deltaic sequences from Bornholm and Scania were chosen as a means for appraising the lateral continuity of the cycles, and assessing what factors might have controlled their development. Study of floral remains from the Ravenscar Group within the context of this stratigraphic framework yields valuable palaeoclimatic information. Growth-ring analysis of fossil wood of Late Pliensbachian to Late Bathonian age indicates a distinctly seasonal climate with low to moderate interseasonal variation in tree growth. Significant intraseasonal influences on wood production are implicit in the abundance of false rings. Consideration of these results within a stratigraphic context suggests that conditions during the Bathonian were comparatively hostile: a finding which is interpreted to be due to more frequent and extended water shortages associated with a drier climate. These palaeoclimatic inferences are substantiated by evidence obtained from the examination of the flora using Correspondence Analysis (CA). This approach verifies the presence of a temporal fluctuation in the flora found by previous investigations and, furthermore, highlights physiognomic trends in the flora with time. The results from CA also indicate adverse growing conditions during the Bathonian, emphasized by the prevalence of xeromorphic taxa.
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Dimitraki, Ourania. "The growth impact of political regimes and instability : empirical evidences from Western Europe." Thesis, Brunel University, 2011. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/8764.
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The main objective of this thesis is to investigate the reciprocal direct relationship between political regimes, political instability and economic growth. However, there is a lack of fit between the political and economic science especially when it comes to political determinants of economic growth. Thus, this thesis sheds further light on the question: To what extent do political regimes and their stability affects economic performance with reference to 20 Western European countries. A panel regression analysis is employed, by adopting multiple measures of government performance. The findings suggest that political regimes have an effect on economic growth and this effect is not directly dependent upon the broader governmental structure and political environment. This thesis further examines the puzzle of the nature between political instability and economic growth in Western Europe, by using both a more comprehensive measure of political instability than has previously been developed, and Greek growth cycles form 1919 to 2008 as a case to explore the nature of the researched issue. The findings propose that the relationship between political instability (PI) and economic growth is parabolic and fragile. Furthermore, this thesis supports the intuition that political instability can slow economic growth through increasing uncertainty in economic policies. The results illustrate that economic growth and political instability are jointly determined and that governmental changes plays no significant role on economic growth (with exceptions in the case study), especially after extended spells of political stability. It appears that what matters is the longevity of the polity itself and the specific forms of political instability. Moreover, by using Greece as a case, this thesis shows that there is a strong negative link between political instability and the volatility of the economic outcomes.
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McCarron, Robyn Janelle. "Performing arts and regional communities : the case of Bunbury, Western Australia /." Access via Murdoch University Digital Theses Project, 2004. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20050501.153348.
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Signorile, Jacopo. "The impact of regionalisation and europeanization on regional development policies in Italy : policy innovation and path dependence." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2012. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/313/.
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Scholars have proposed and investigated a view of social relations as social networks and therefore the role of public policy in creating new networks and new social and economic relations. Are different incumbent institutional settings a relevant variable to explain different regional policies responses to Regionalization and Europeanization? I will address this question with regard to the regional policy that was initiated in Italy in 1950 and that represented the country’s attempt to improve its economic and geographic cohesion. The hypothesis is that, within a devolution process, different adaptation to regionalization and Europeanization pressures are correlated to “path dependence” from incumbent institutional settings. Specific attention is dedicated to the role of “paradigms” in the processes analysed. This, in turn could generate different devolution outcomes, in terms of discrepancy between formal and effective outcomes. Devolution is analysed in terms of institutional change and policy (regional policy) change. Institutional change is operationalized in terms of changes in polity and administrative variables, and policy change is investigated through variables representing formal (policy issues, i.e. design and responsibility) and effective (financial, i.e. uses and sources) dynamics under the two different pressures for change identified: regionalization and Europeanization of regional policies. The research proposed is pertinent and important in the context of European integration where national policies have been restructured due to, on the one hand, regionalization—i.e., the transfer downward to the sub-national level—of policies formerly handled at the national level and, on the other, “Europeanization” or the transfer of policies upwards to the European level. This thesis investigates the dynamics of the “paradigm and policy shift” that took place within Italian regional policy between 1950 when the policy began and 1992 when the policy was officially terminated due to a dual transfer of the policy upward to the European level with the co-financing of cohesion policy and the transfer downward to the role of the regions as management authorities for the operational programmes that were responsible for the bulk of Italian regional funds.
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Roberts, Benjamin William. "Cultural transmission and technological choice : understanding the appearance and early development of metal in Western Europe." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.613181.
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Sardadvar, Sascha. "Regional Economic Growth and Steady States with Free Factor Movement: Theory and Evidence from Europe." WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2015. http://epub.wu.ac.at/4548/1/Sardadvar_ePub_1.pdf.
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This paper develops a spatial theoretical growth model in order to study the impact of physical and human capital relocations on the growth of open economies. Analytical and simulation results show how the respective neighbours determine an economy's development, why convergence and divergence may alternate in the medium-run, and that interregional migration as a consequence of wage inequalities causes disparities to prevail in the long-run. The empirical part applies spatial econometric specifications for European regions on the NUTS2 level for the observation period 2000-2010. The estimations underline the importance of human capital endowments and its relation with spatial location. (author's abstract)Series: Working Papers in Regional Science
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Van, der Merwe Schalk Willem Jacobus. "Local and sub-regional socio-economic and environmental impact of large-scale resort development." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/1658.
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com, suheureux@gmail, and Susan Wong. "Regional Development and Telecommunications Policy in Western Australia: Accessing knowledge to inform policy through complexity and action research." Murdoch University, 2006. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20070427.120905.
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This study explores how governments use knowledge to inform telecommunications policy-making and policy-implementation in regional development. It focuses on epistemological aspects and assumptions made within the parameters of Enlightenment thinking or the Newtonian paradigm, also known as the classical scientit1c paradigm. It argues that lmowledge formed within this paradigm, usually generated at a distance, has been individ,uated, detached, segmented and abstracted. 'Individuation' focuses on individuals and things rather than communities and processes. 'Detachment' separates the subjective mind from the objective environment to produce reliable information. 'Segmentation' produces validity of information by parsing the objective environment from its social and historical context. 'Abstraction' allows objectivity and systematisation of information. When used to inform policy, such knowledge creates a narrow 'standardising gaze' that 'disciplines' communities to conform to dominant social behaviour and beliefs. Case studies are used to demonstrate that the two major models of development, as products ofthis paradigm, employ this gaze rendering replicability difficult ifnot impossible. These models are the top-down and bottom-up approach that are epitomised by the Silicon Valley model and telecentre moveluent respectively. How this gaze inhibits/facilitates development in policy implementation is then examined in the Goldfields Esperance region in Western Australia. An holistic approach using cotnplex adaptive systems is used to understand the multidisciplinary aspects involved in development. This is combined with action research, a reflexive methodology. Action research has the ability to access local knowledge to provide data and evaluation in situ rather than on a post hoc basis. The findings demonstrate that complex systems analysis and action research provide a modus operandi that: a) recognises the interplay of various factors (such as power relations, economic cycle, social and political institutions) at different levels of the system; b) recognises time, context and path-dependence of regional development; c) provides a filter that minimises the 'standardising gaze' and d) gives an access to knowledge and insight to local issues, which can facilitate policy implementation of development that is sympathetic to regional communities.
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Electris, Christi. "Environmental technology and policy development in a regional system : transboundary water management and pollution prevention in southeastern Europe." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/41766.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, Technology and Policy Program, 2007.Includes bibliographical references (p. 256-270).
In order to surmount the barriers to transboundary integration and coordination of environmental technology and regulatory policy in Southeastern Europe, the environmental capabilities and needs of the region are discussed, and a regional cooperation and coordination systems framework is developed. The thesis focuses on a case study of transboundary water resource management of the Mesta/Nestos River Basin between Bulgaria and Greece is presented in order to understand the coordination problems between a particular locality's level of integration in environmental technology development and use, and environmental regulatory policy, as well as the barriers to cooperation between two localities sharing a transboundary resource. For the case study, the physical characteristics and environmental stresses on the basin are described in detail. Next the policy governing local water resource management and environmental technology development is reviewed in terms of national laws and regulations, the bilateral diplomatic agreements, and the EU framework that drives much of the current activity in the basin today. Finally, the gaps in current policy and the barriers to coordinating water resource-related technology policy and environmental regulatory policy development are analyzed. The end result is a set of recommendations pertaining to the particular basin, but which can be generalized to other basins in the region. The focus is primarily on the coordination in both countries at the local and transboundary levels, but will also be explored within the context of the nation-wide and region-wide levels.
(cont.) Through this narrow case study, insight is gained as to how environmental technology policy can be coordinated with regulatory policy to surmount the obstacles faced in water resource management and the broader context, and how the institutional and legal framework in place affects the regulatory scheme and in turn the technology placement in both countries.
by Christi Electris.
S.M.
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Hough, Daniel. "The PDS : a study of the development and stabilisation of the PDS as an eastern German regional party, 1989-2000." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2001. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/5253/.
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This study examines the place of the PDS within the German political system. By developing and employing a typology of regional parties this work illustrates that the PDS has been politically successful on account of its mobilisation of distinct territorial interests - in much the same way as other regional parties across the democratic world have done. The creation of a territorial divide along the former inner-German border has offered the PDS the opportunity to re-model its image and profile as the protector of eastern German specificity. The West German party system that expanded eastwards in 1990 has not been able to sufficiently channel regionally specific sentiment into the political process: and it is for this reason that a regional party has been able to stabilise itself in the eastern states. The PDS has taken advantage of a number of structural advantages (in terms of its regional heritage, leadership, its party organisation and so forth) in moulding and shaping a policy package that reflects the differing opinions, attitudes, values and beliefs of many eastern Germans. It is as a result of this that the PDS has been able to stabilise its position within the eastern German regional party system and to build a platform that offers it the opportunity of being a longterm actor in the German party system.
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Lambert, Damian. "Is leadership the key to public sector retention in regional Western Australia? An exploratory study." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2018. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/2049.
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This research reviewed retention factors affecting the West Australian public sector (WAPS) in regional areas seeking to determine whether a leadership development program (LDP) could provide a strategic HRM solution. Using a mixed methods approach views of 9 leaders and 156 regional WAPS employees provided insights on retention issues and how a LDP might be designed and delivered to regional employees. Despite the attraction and retention factors impacting the WAPS, it was found that a LDP designed specifically for the regions can assist to attract talented staff and to a lesser extent improve retention in the regions.
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Wong, Susan. "Regional development and telecommunications policy in Western Australia: accessing knowledge to inform policy through complexity and action research." Thesis, Wong, Susan (2006) Regional development and telecommunications policy in Western Australia: accessing knowledge to inform policy through complexity and action research. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2006. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/455/.
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This study explores how governments use knowledge to inform telecommunications policy-making and policy-implementation in regional development. It focuses on epistemological aspects and assumptions made within the parameters of Enlightenment thinking or the Newtonian paradigm, also known as the classical scientit1c paradigm. It argues that lmowledge formed within this paradigm, usually generated at a distance, has been individ,uated, detached, segmented and abstracted. 'Individuation' focuses on individuals and things rather than communities and processes. 'Detachment' separates the subjective mind from the objective environment to produce reliable information. 'Segmentation' produces validity of information by parsing the objective environment from its social and historical context. 'Abstraction' allows objectivity and systematisation of information. When used to inform policy, such knowledge creates a narrow 'standardising gaze' that 'disciplines' communities to conform to dominant social behaviour and beliefs. Case studies are used to demonstrate that the two major models of development, as products ofthis paradigm, employ this gaze rendering replicability difficult ifnot impossible. These models are the top-down and bottom-up approach that are epitomised by the Silicon Valley model and telecentre moveluent respectively. How this gaze inhibits/facilitates development in policy implementation is then examined in the Goldfields Esperance region in Western Australia. An holistic approach using cotnplex adaptive systems is used to understand the multidisciplinary aspects involved in development. This is combined with action research, a reflexive methodology. Action research has the ability to access local knowledge to provide data and evaluation in situ rather than on a post hoc basis. The findings demonstrate that complex systems analysis and action research provide a modus operandi that: a) recognises the interplay of various factors (such as power relations, economic cycle, social and political institutions) at different levels of the system; b) recognises time, context and path-dependence of regional development; c) provides a filter that minimises the 'standardising gaze' and d) gives an access to knowledge and insight to local issues, which can facilitate policy implementation of development that is sympathetic to regional communities.
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Wong, Susan. "Regional development and telecommunications policy in Western Australia : accessing knowledge to inform policy through complexity and action research /." Wong, Susan (2006) Regional development and telecommunications policy in Western Australia: accessing knowledge to inform policy through complexity and action research. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2006. http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/455/.
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This study explores how governments use knowledge to inform telecommunications policy-making and policy-implementation in regional development. It focuses on epistemological aspects and assumptions made within the parameters of Enlightenment thinking or the Newtonian paradigm, also known as the classical scientit1c paradigm. It argues that lmowledge formed within this paradigm, usually generated at a distance, has been individ,uated, detached, segmented and abstracted. 'Individuation' focuses on individuals and things rather than communities and processes. 'Detachment' separates the subjective mind from the objective environment to produce reliable information. 'Segmentation' produces validity of information by parsing the objective environment from its social and historical context. 'Abstraction' allows objectivity and systematisation of information. When used to inform policy, such knowledge creates a narrow 'standardising gaze' that 'disciplines' communities to conform to dominant social behaviour and beliefs. Case studies are used to demonstrate that the two major models of development, as products ofthis paradigm, employ this gaze rendering replicability difficult ifnot impossible. These models are the top-down and bottom-up approach that are epitomised by the Silicon Valley model and telecentre moveluent respectively. How this gaze inhibits/facilitates development in policy implementation is then examined in the Goldfields Esperance region in Western Australia. An holistic approach using cotnplex adaptive systems is used to understand the multidisciplinary aspects involved in development. This is combined with action research, a reflexive methodology. Action research has the ability to access local knowledge to provide data and evaluation in situ rather than on a post hoc basis. The findings demonstrate that complex systems analysis and action research provide a modus operandi that: a) recognises the interplay of various factors (such as power relations, economic cycle, social and political institutions) at different levels of the system; b) recognises time, context and path-dependence of regional development; c) provides a filter that minimises the 'standardising gaze' and d) gives an access to knowledge and insight to local issues, which can facilitate policy implementation of development that is sympathetic to regional communities.
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Mccrory, Arthur Ray. "Global Leadership Competencies in Selected Adult Education Graduate Programs from the United States and Western Europe." Scholar Commons, 2016. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6115.
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Researchers in the field of global leadership have reported a growing need for leaders able to perform from a global perspective, and the lack of qualified leadership candidates to fulfill these responsibilities. Adult education graduate programs represent a unique pool of aspirants to help fill this gap. In 2008, the Commission of Professors of Adult Education (CPAE) published Standards for Graduate Programs in Adult Education. Two of these standards addressed the incorporation of globalization and leadership studies into the planning, administration, and evaluation of adult education graduate programs. This study sought to explore the connection between the phenomenon of global leadership and the development of competencies, identified by Bird’s (2013) framework of nested global leadership competencies, in seven selected adult education graduate programs in the United States and Western Europe.
The questions that guided this qualitative, multiple case study explored (a) which of the competencies were addressed in the selected adult education graduate programs, (b) which ones were perceived to be most and less important, (c) which curricular and co-curricular practices were identified in the development of these competencies, and (d) what were the similarities and differences between the adult education graduate programs located geographically in the United States and those located in Western Europe.
Findings indicated all of the global leadership competencies were addressed across all seven cases, to varying levels of extent. The competencies of (a) valuing people, (b) inquisitiveness, (c) leading change, and (d) vision and strategic thinking emerged as most important among the participants across all seven cases, as well as within the two geographical locations. Multiple curricular and co-curricular themes emerged as best practices to facilitate development of the global leadership competencies, although they were primarily associated with good instructional practices discussed within the context of globalizing the curriculum. There was less discussion about the competencies within a unifying construct of leadership development. Similarities across all cases included a focus on student-centered learning, while differences were primarily associated with the independent foci of the adult education graduate programs. Implications of the findings were directed towards the CPAE, university administration, adult education faculty, and adult education graduate students.
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Fernandes, Lito Nunes. "Economia política da integração regional na África ocidental : a União Econômica e Monetária (UEMOA) como estratégia para o desenvolvimento regional." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/36098.
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Au début du nouveau millénaire, la formation des blocs économiques regionaux a été présentée comme une stratégie visant à promouvoir le développement pour les pays périphériques. Dans le cas de l´Afrique Occidentale, l´intégration de ses petits pays afin de profiter des avantages de ce processus reste au dernier ressort, la solution potentielle de ses divers problèmes, et la réponse de sa position marginale dans l´actuelle mondialisation. Ce sont des pays qui font face à des malformations structurelles et des situations dramatiques de pauvreté et misère, résultat des siècles d´exploitation, distribution désintéressée et agressive de ses territoires au consentement de féroces puissances impérialistes et de la colonisation ultérieure. Cette thèse se propose à répondre deux questions: quelles sont les causes de la création d´une union économique et monétaire dans une région sans préalables conditions, et si cette intégration conduit ou non ses pays au développement. La même partie de l´hypothèse soulignant que l´intégration régionale actuelle soit l´alternative la plus viable pour garantir la durabilité du processus de développement dans cette région.L´objectif de la thèse est d´analyser la dynamique régionale de l´intégration de l´UEMOA, qui a surgi contrairement de la vision conventionnelle des théories monétaires, comme une stratégie de développement économique des pays de la région. On souligne que la priorité fût donnée à la littérature africaine, pas par rejet ou manque de mérite ou indignité de la production occidentale sur le thème, mais plutôt en comprenant que dans cet aspect particulier, les opinions des auteurs africains enrichiraient le mieux et donneraient une vision plus réaliste sur le thème. On conclu qu´ indépendamment de ne pas suivre les préceptes conventionnelles, l´intégration de l´UEMOA est fondamentale pour le développement de ses pays, selon la réalité de la région. Cependant, son analyse doit être réalisée selon la spécificité locale, sans oublier les conséquences de son passé historique qui répercutent encore négativement dans sa situation socioéconomique. C´est-à-dire, sa mise au point ne doit pas suivre le modèle des régions développées ou émergentes, mais plutôt à partir de la perspective des dures réalités de la région.No início do novo milênio, a formação de blocos econômicos regionais foi-se apresentando como estratégia de promoção do desenvolvimento para os países periféricos. Tratando-se da África Ocidental, a integração de seus pequenos países com vista a usufruir as vantagens decorrentes desse processo resulta em última instância, a solução potencial de seus diversos problemas, e a resposta da sua marginal posição na atual globalização. São países que enfrentam malformações estruturais e situações dramáticas de pobreza e miséria produto de séculos de exploração, repartição desinteressada e agressiva de seus territórios a beneplácito da acirrada competência imperialista e da colonização posterior. Neste sentido, esta tese propõe responder duas perguntas: quais as causas do estabelecimento de uma união econômica e monetária numa região sem condições prévias e se esta integração está conduzindo ou não a seus países ao desenvolvimento. A mesma parte da hipótese de a integração regional na atualidade ser a alternativa mais viável para garantir a sustentabilidade do processo de desenvolvimento nesta região. O objetivo da tese é analisar a dinâmica regional da integração da UEMOA, que surgiu contrária à visão convencional das teorias monetárias, como estratégia do desenvolvimento, e em seguida, vincular seus resultados ao desenvolvimento econômico dos países da região. Ressalta-se que foi dada prioridade a literatura africana, não por rechaço ou demérito da produção ocidental sobre o tema, mas pelo entendimento de que, neste aspecto específico, as opiniões dos autores africanos dariam um melhor enriquecimento e uma visão mais realista sobre o tema. Conclui-se que independentemente de não seguir as diretrizes convencionais, a integração da UEMOA está sendo fundamental para o desenvolvimento de seus países, segundo a realidade da região. Portanto, sua análise deve ser realizada acorde a especificidade local, sem esquecer as conseqüências do seu passado histórico que ainda repercutem negativamente na sua situação socioeconômico. Ou seja, sua valoração não deve seguir o modelo das regiões desenvolvidas ou emergentes, mas sim desde a perspectiva das duras realidades da região.
In the new millennium, the formation of regional economic blocs was being presented as a strategy to promote development for the peripheral countries. In the case of West Africa, the integration of their small countries in order to enjoy the benefits of this process ultimately results in the potential solution and answers many of theirs problems and their marginal position in today’s globalization. These are countries that face malformations, and dramatic situations of poverty and misery product of century of exploitation, distribution, and uninterested in their territories aggressively blessing of fierce imperialist power and the subsequent colonization.This thesis proposes to answer two questions: what causes the establishment of an economic and monetary union in a region without precondition, and this integration is conduction or not theirs countries development.The thesis part of the hypothesis of regional integration in actuality is the most viable alternative to ensure sustainability of development process in this region. The aim of the thesis is to analyze the dynamics of regional integration UEMOA, which appeared contrary to the conventional view of monetary theories, such as development strategy, and then link their results to the economic development of countries in the region. To emphasize that priority was given to African literature, not by rejection or unworthiness of western production on the subject, but by understanding that this particular aspect, the opinions of the authors African given a better enrichment and more complete about this topic. We conclude that regardless of not following the dictates of the UEMOA integration is fundamental for the development of their countries, wake up the reality of region. Yours analysis should be the specific chord location, not to mention the consequence of this historical past that have negative impact on the socioeconomic situation. That is, their valuation should not follow the model of developed and emerging regions, but from the perspective of harsh realities of the region.
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Petersen, Larry Jens Jr. "Bands at The University of Iowa from 1880 to 2008: their development, directors, repertoire, and the 1966 historic tour of Western Europe and the Soviet Union." Diss., University of Iowa, 2012. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/3512.
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Donnabháin, Ian O., and Julian Röpcke. "An Analysis of Interreg Projects across Europe : A critical examination on the role of networks and the implementation of EU concepts." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för teknokultur, humaniora och samhällsbyggnad, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-1311.
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An Analysis of Interreg Projects across Europe A critical examination on the role of networks and the implementation of EU concepts The intention of this thesis project was to get a deeper insight into the effect the European Union can have in the regions of Europe, in particular through the workings of the Interreg program. From study the theoretical concepts, we wished to discover how these concepts were practically implemented through different projects and partnerships. Due to the informal nature of the European Union spatial planning, we also wished to understand the importance that networks play in the projects and the effect they have on the activities of the project partnerships. We decided that the best way to study this subject was through a comparison of two contrasting projects in different parts of Europe but that deal with similar concepts. The theoretical perspective we took to approaching the subject matter, was to include much of the theory and ideas on the workings of networks and the potential results they can bring. In particularly we focused upon networks in the context of the transfer of knowledge, and their importance for creating the environment for such transfer to occur, and the many elements that can support or hinder .Furthermore we looked at much of the theory behind the concepts that the EU promotes, such as Sustainability, the different models that can be followed, as well the suggested conflict between Cohesion and Competitiveness. For the comparison we chose two contrasting projects; - BalticMaster Interreg IIIB based in Karlskrona, Sweden, involving 40 partners - EARD Interreg IIIC based in Brandenburg, Germany, involving 10 partners Both projects were established under the intention of Sustainable Development in their respective regions. One based on protecting the Baltic Sea from oil spillages, and the second aimed at sustainable development of regions around airports. The comparisons in terms of networks were quite striking; one the one hand, BalticMaster was largely based on pre-existing networks between the different regions of the Baltic Sea and had an emphasis on partner interaction. On the other hand, EARD was a brand new project partnership with no history of collaboration between the regions and interaction of the partners was rare. In terms of EU concepts, there were similarities as both projects took a bottom up approach to the broad concepts and connected this concepts to their work and aims in different ways to make them relevant. Interestingly, those project participants that were interviewed shared a lack of understanding of some the concepts before undertaking the project, some by their own admission, even though it was the main theme of their project. Conclusions that could be drawn from the work included the interaction of concepts and networks, and how each can affect each other. EU concepts can form new partnerships and networks because common goals can be shared in new partnership under the broad concepts. Furthermore, strong networks can assist the concrete implementation of these broad concepts and assist in the understanding of these concepts across the project partnership. In conclusion, we can see that there are many advantages to the flexibility of the EU broad concepts and how Interreg allows them to be interpreted, but there are also many problems in trying to insure that what is funded by Interreg is faithful to the intent of those broad concepts. The challenge is how to strike a balance between the necessary flexibility and insuring the outcomes are in line with the intent.
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Stemmer, Michael Alfons. "Essays on growth, unemployment and financial development." Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01E043/document.
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Le sujet de cette thèse porte sur l’analyse de l’hétérogénéité et des dynamiques du chômage régional, des conséquences de chocs négatifs sur la croissance économique et du lien entre le développement financier et la croissance au niveau des entreprises et des pays. Le chapitre 1 montre les dynamiques distributionnelles du chômage régional Européen. Conjointement avec Robert Beyer, nous étudions le comportement des taux de chômage régionaux autour de l’introduction de l’Euro et la crise financière mondiale. En plus, nous examinons les contributions européennes et nationales aux changements relatives dans le temps. Le chapitre 2 propose une analyse empirique de la convergence de la croissance économique de l’Europe de l’Ouest et des pays en transition. Dans ce travail en collaboration avec Olivier Damette et Mathilde Maurel, nous étudions la capacité à sortir d’une période de récession. En plus, nous analysons une non linéarité potentielle dans le processus de sortie. Le chapitre 3 centre son analyse sur l’étude des contraintes financières internes de la croissance des entreprises en Serbie. Conjointement avec Milos Markovic, nous étudions le degré de dépendance aux flux de liquidité des entreprises serbes pour leurs activités d’expansion et les comparons avec ceux des firmes belges. Enfin, dans le chapitre 4, j’explore la relation entre le développement financier et la croissance économique dans les pays en transition. Dans un cadre de causalité Granger en panel, j’analyse les effets de différents indicateurs financiers sur le PIB par tête et inversementThe subject of this doctoral thesis deals with the analysis of regional unemployment heterogeneity and dynamics, the response of economic growth to negative shocks and the link between financial development and growth on a firm and country level. Chapter 1 shows the distributional dynamics of European regional unemployment. In this joint work with Robert Beyer, we study the behavior of regional unemployment rates with respect to the introduction of the Euro and the Global Financial Crisis and analyze European and country contributions to relative changes over time. Chapter 2 provides an empirical analysis into growth convergence of western European and transition countries after negative shocks. A collaboration with Olivier Damette and Mathilde Maurel, we study the rebound capacity, the speed of convergence to the normal growth path as well as nonlinearities along the process. Chapter 3 takes a closer look at internal financial constraints of firm growth in Serbia. A joint work with Milos Markovic, we show how much Serbian firms depend on cash flow for their expansionary activities and compare our sensitivity results with Belgium, a country with an advanced financial sector. Finally, in chapter 4 I explore the relationship between financial development and economic growth in transition countries. Through a panel Granger causality framework different financial indicators and their effects on per capita GDP as well as opposite causalities are assessed
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McFerran, K. E. "Regional policy and community strategies for development in peripheral areas : Atlantic Canada and western Scotland during the late twentieth century." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.273090.
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Marktanner, Marcus. "A Comparison of Economic Development in Latin America, Middle Eastern Europe and Asia in the 1990s." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1999. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2181/.
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The 1990s were characterized by severe turbulence in the global economy. Economic and financial crises occurred in Latin America, Middle and Eastern Europe and Asia. This analysis distinguishes between the two socioeconomic criteria "transitional" and "emerging" region. Transitional countries are former centrally planned socialist economies and emerging countries former agricultural-oriented classical developing economies with mostly a history of military or some other kind of autocratic dictatorship. The resources for the analysis are data sets regarding investment, exchange rate behavior, government finance, international liabilities of monetary authorities and inflation. The study reveals macroeconomic patterns associated with economic development in each socioeconomic region. It is shown that similar patterns are responsible for successful and non-successful performance in each region. A comparison of different regions shows many parallels between emerging economies, but only little similarity between transitional economies.
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Rankin, Colleen A. "International Agendas Confront Domestic Interests: EU Enlargement, Russian Foreign Policy, and Eastern Europe." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1337888570.
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Van, Beers Dick. "Application of the cleaner production framework to the development of regional synergies in heavy industrial areas: a case study of Kwinana (Western Australia)." Thesis, Curtin University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/222.
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The aim of the PhD research is to examine the effectiveness of drawing common elements of regional synergy development into an overall framework, generally used for the implementation of cleaner production, to assist industries in heavy industrial areas with the further development of regional synergy opportunities. The literature review revealed an absence of practical methodologies to support industry with the development of promising synergy opportunities. An assessment of existing synergies in the case-study region (the Kwinana Industrial Area) has confirmed the close collaboration and integration which already exists in the region. These existing synergies provide a range of sustainability benefits. The research resulted in customised methodologies to assist in the advancement of regional synergies, focussed on the priority themes of: inorganic by-products, water, and energy. The trial application of the methodologies demonstrated their effectiveness in delivering valuable outcomes for the stakeholders involved (e.g. feasible synergy opportunities for industry uptake).Overall, the cleaner production framework is not a driver for synergy development perse, but rather should be regarded as a flexible framework to advance synergy development – targeted towards specific local research needs. Strengths of the novel methodologies include added-value to stakeholders, stakeholder participation, transparency and flexibility. The principal weakness concerned the time investment to apply the methodologies. However, it is anticipated that the trialled methodologies could be performed in other regions in a significantly shorter time period (by learning from the experiences here). A set of parameters must be understood before applying the customised methodologies in industrial regions elsewhere in the world. These include: distances between industries, number and diversity of industries, industry interest, industry champions, presence and functioning of an industry organisation, relevant regulations, community support, availability of know-how and expertise, funding, and corporate culture.
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Wilstermann, Anne [Verfasser], Stefan [Akademischer Betreuer] Vidal, Teja [Akademischer Betreuer] Tscharntke, and Johannes [Akademischer Betreuer] Isselstein. "A regional view of an impending invasion: western corn rootworm development in Northern Germany / Anne Wilstermann. Gutachter: Teja Tscharntke ; Johannes Isselstein. Betreuer: Stefan Vidal." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1044307307/34.
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Verny, Jérôme. "Transport de marchandises en Europe et développement durable : analyse du découplage absolu par la distance." Thesis, Littoral, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013DUNK0410.
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La thèse s'intéresse à la durabilité du système de transport de marchandises en Europe et en France au travers de la dialectique "couplage-découplage" de la demande de transport par rapport à la croissance. Parmi les mécanismes et facteurs sous-jacents, la distance, comme objet de recherche, permet de mettre en exergue l'évolution des stratégies d'implantation géographiques des activités productives et distributives. L'approche méthodologique du découplage par la géographie a pour objectif d'apporter des éléments de réponse en faveur d'une limitation de la dépendance à la distance. L'étude empirique, par famille de produits, montre que les leviers d'action se situent principalement dans la composante servicielle du transport. Leur application auprès de l'ensemble des acteurs de la chaîne logistique globale passera par le biais de mesures incitatives d'origine publiqueThis thesis deals with the sustainability of the freight transport system in Europe and France thanks to the coupling between freight transport and economic growth. Among the underlying mechanisms and factors, distance as an object of research allows us to highlight the evolution of geographical location strategies productive and distributive activities. The methodological approach of geographicallt decoupling aims to help understand concepts of a limited dependence on distance. The empirical study, divided into product families, shows that the levers are mainly in the transport service-based component. Their application to all stakeholders in the global supply chain will pass through incentives from public sources
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Papadopoulos, Theokritos. "The aesthetics of waste : investigating the role of the ephemeral in the development of the avant-garde in Western Europe and Greece and its relationship to trauma." Thesis, University of the Arts London, 2013. http://ualresearchonline.arts.ac.uk/6470/.
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This research project, driven by my on-going practice, seeks to identify the role of non-traditional materials such as ephemera, debris, waste and historical archive footage in order to produce art installations for investigating trauma, especially in moments of social crisis. My art practice is informed by Sigmund Freud’s notion of the ‘death drive’ in his book Beyond the Pleasure Principle. Freud’s story about his grandson’s fort-da game provided the context in my research for examining the use of ephemeral everyday materials and historical archive footage within this psychoanalytical interpretation. Freud’s concept of the death drive provided my enquiry with a reflective methodology for addressing my own installation practice. I was able to combine this with reflection upon traumatic situations in Greek history, especially the Greek Civil War. As a result of completing the above procedure, I realised the importance of everyday ephemeral materials and archive footage in the creation of an object or installation to which artists attach their subjectivity in moments when society is in crisis. In my own installations using historical archives from Greek Civil War, through the method of cut and paste, I have tried to create new images reusing photographic archives laden with historical, social and political meaning. This action was my subjective way to deal with collective trauma and loss, to create my own version of Freud’s fort-da game by turning installations into a theatrical space in which this action was presented and communicated with the viewers. In addressing research through practice, connections between trauma, the use of heterogeneous materials and the development of the avant-garde movement, particularly in Greece, have become paramount. Despite the research undertaken by Greek academics on the Greek Civil War (1944–1949), little is known about the importance of this period in relation to the development of avant-garde in Greece. My research concludes that the study of the history of the Greek avant-garde provides a new understanding of the development of collage, assemblage and the use of found objects after the Second World War by Greek artists. During my investigation, I realised that these techniques were first used by exiled artists in 1948 during the Greek Civil War, and later developed in the mid-1950s by Greek artists to become one of their main methods of producing art. During this period, Greek artists began to produce works that reflected a fragmentary vision in contrast to the hitherto classic aesthetics of the whole. Ostensibly, this was a reflection of the impossibility of a whole that war had created; the relationship of the individual within society had crumbled as civil war raged and society’s values, which had been based on the Orthodox Christian tradition, disintegrated. The use of found objects by Greek artists during this period expressed transgression as a way to deal with the main concerns of Greek culture.
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Marshall, Vanessa Clare. "The development of bookbinding structures in the early middle ages during the period s.iii-s.ix/x, as evidenced by extant binding structures from Egypt and Western Europe /." Boston Spa, U.K. : British Library Document Supply Centre, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?did=1&uin=uk.bl.ethos.297452.
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Marshall, Vanessa Clare. "The development of bookbinding structures in early middle ages : during the period s. iii-s. ix/x, as evidenced by extant binding structures from Egypt and Western Europe." Thesis, University of London, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.297452.
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Gengatharen, Denise E. "Assessing the success and evaluating the benefits of government-sponsored regional internet-trading platforms for small and medium enterprises: A Western Australian perspective." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2006. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/65.
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The Internet has been viewed as an opportunity for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) to efficiently compete in the global arena with their larger counterparts by overcoming distance and size. However, research has shown that actual uptake of Internet e-commerce by SMEs has been lagging behind that of larger companies. Fearing a growing digital divide between large companies and SMEs, some governments have taken specific measures to encourage SME participation in ecommerce. One of the more direct government initiatives to hasten the progression of SMEs on the e-commerce adoption curve is the creation, sponsorship and management of regional Internet trading platforms for these enterprises. Such a move is predicated on the belief that these platforms will offer SMEs a low-cost introduction to participation in Internet trading platforms without the need for significant technology investments, allowing them to reap benefits like lower costs, improved customer service and new levels of innovation through knowledge-sharing.
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Olivetti, Mário Pires de Almeida. ""O setor agropecuário no contexto da sustentabilidade: a região Oeste do Estado de São Paulo"." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8136/tde-20022006-144438/.
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Este estudo se pauta no questionamento do atual modelo de desenvolvimento e na busca do chamado desenvolvimento sustentável que, segundo a Organização para a Cooperação Econômica e Desenvolvimento, (OECD), é definido como o uso dos recursos naturais e humanos de forma a garantir as necessidades atuais sem o comprometimento da capacidade de produção para as gerações futuras. Essa nova premissa reivindica e aspira por melhorias na qualidade de vida para o conjunto da população; sob a ótica da análise regional busca compreender como se insere o setor agropecuário da região Oeste do Estado de São Paulo nesse paradigma. É com esse foco que essa tese de doutorado é realizada tendo como objetivos específicos: procurar compreender as condições sociais, econômicas e ambientais, identificando e indicando as localidades com sistemas produtivos com maior ou menor sustentabilidade. Busca-se, assim, também avaliar a capacidade dos indicadores aplicados de captarem os diferentes níveis de sustentabilidade, em especial a sócio-espacial, permitindo que se caminhe em direção de alternativas consistentes, na tentativa de solucionar alguns dos problemas que permeiam a sociedade e os recursos naturais. Para estabelecer as configurações dos municípios que compõem a região Oeste do Estado de São Paulo utiliza-se técnica de análise multivariada (fatorial e agrupamento). Os 150 municípios pertencentes à região Oeste foram os elementos observados e as 33 variáveis selecionadas para caracterizar esses elementos, foram: disponibilidade de mão-de-obra, renda, educação e saúde; distribuição territorial: da concentração da posse da terra, da população e das explorações agropecuárias. Considerou-se ainda a pressão econômica e demográfica sobre o meio ambiente, e da capacidade produtiva decorrente de fatores, como a adoção das práticas agrícolas, C&T, acesso à assistência técnica e mão-de-obra, cujos efeitos podem ser refletidos no índice da eficiência técnica da produção agrícola. Os resultados obtidos, que visam avaliar a sustentabilidade, retrataram e permitiram verificar que nenhum dos municípios da região Oeste paulista possui características desejáveis que contemplem o paradigma da sustentabilidade. Aliás, alguns apresentaram desempenho bem sofrível de acordo com determinados índices utilizados. Os indicadores sócio-econômicos atestaram a importância das variáveis selecionadas e do método aplicado para estudos dessa natureza. Foi possível desenhar um mosaico da heterogeneidade espacial existente nessa região, corroborando empiricamente o que diversos pesquisadores assinalam como fatores básicos na busca do desenvolvimento sustentável, notadamente do setor agropecuário.This doctoral thesis challenges the assumption of our current development model in the search for the so-called sustainable development. According to the Organization for Economic Co-operation & Development (OECD), sustainable development involves the use of natural and human resources to meet present needs without compromising future generations production capacity. This new premise calls for improving the quality of life for the population as a whole. From the perspective of a regional observation point, the study tries to understand the extent to which the agriculture and livestock sector of the western region of the state of Sao Paulo fits this paradigm. Based on this focus, the specific objectives of this research effort are twofold: to understand social, economic and environmental conditions and to identify locations with higher or lower degrees of production system sustainability. An attempt is also made to evaluate the capacity of the indicators used to register the different levels of sustainability, in particular the socio-spatial. That would point to consistent alternatives, aimed at solving some of the problems pervading society and natural resources. The multivariate analysis (factorial and cluster analysis) was used to represent the cities of the western region of the state of São Paulo. A total of 150 cities were examined and the 33 variables selected to characterize them referred to: labor availability, revenue, education and health, as well as the territorial distribution of land property concentration, of population and of agriculture and livestock activities. Also considered were the economic and demographic pressure on the environment and production capacity resulting from the adoption of agricultural practices, S&T, technical assistance and labor access, the effects of which can interfere with the agricultural production technical efficiency index. The results obtained regarding the assessment of sustainability allowed to verify that none of the cities of the region studied have characteristics related to the sustainability paradigm. In fact, some cities have even shown an unsustainably low level of development. The socio-economic indicators proved the importance of the variables chosen and the method applied in studies of this nature. It was possible to draw a mosaic of the spatial heterogeneity of this region, which empirically validates what several researchers have emphasized as basic factors aimed at sustained development, notably of the agricultural sector.
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Beran, Jiří. "Význam Programu západního rozvoje ČLR pro tibetskou ekonomiku." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-201987.
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Theme of the diploma thesis is development and the results of Western China Development Programme in Tibet Autonomous Region. Main Goal of the paper is to assess present results of the programme in the region. The paper consists of three chapters. First chapter deals with different theories of regional development that are relevant with regards to the topic. Also, possible means of measuring development efforts are described. Second chapter describes how Tibet developed economically from the Qing era till implementation of the Western China Development. The final chapter firstly describes means of economic policy in Tibet and its last part analyses results of the development programme and compares it with the theoretical background from the first chapter.
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Clark, Vanessa. "Networks, technology and regional development small tourism enterprises in Western Southland, New Zealand : a thesis submitted to the Auckland University of Technology in fulfilment of the degree of Master of Philosophy, 2007." Click here to access this resource online, 2007. http://repositoryaut.lconz.ac.nz/theses/1350/.
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Guerra, Valentina. "Les régions au Conseil de l'Europe de 1957 à 2010." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAA002.
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Ce travail de thèse a pour objectif d’étudier l’évolution de l’« Europe des régions » au sein du Conseil de l’Europe de 1957 à 2010. L’histoire du fait régional au sein de l’Organisation de Strasbourg est caractérisée par trois périodes clés. La première période débute en janvier 1957, avec la première réunion de la Conférence européenne des pouvoirs locaux (CPL) et dure jusqu’en 1975, quand elle devient un organe permanent du Conseil de l’Europe et reconnaît officiellement lesrégions en son sein. Une deuxième période se dessine ensuite de 1975 jusqu’en 1994, date de la création du Congrès des pouvoirs locaux et régionaux d’Europe (CPLRE). Le Congrès a un nouveau rôle politique et une place bien déterminés dans l’architecture institutionnelle du Conseil, et il dispose de deux Chambres, à savoir une Chambre des régions et une Chambre des pouvoirs locaux. Une dernière période s’étale enfin de 1994 à 2010. Il s’agit pour les régions et le Congrès de contribuer à la stabilité démocratique du continent européen par les activités de suivi de la démocratie locale etrégionale, des élections et de la réalisation de plusieurs programmes de coopérationThis research studies the evolution of the “Europe of the regions” in the Council of Europe from 1957 to 2010. The history of regions in the Council of Europe can be divided in three key periods. The first one starts in January 1957, with the first meeting of the European Conference of Local Authorities (ECLA) and ends in 1975, when it becomes a permanent organ of the Council of Europe and recognizes officially the regions. The second period starts in 1975 and ends in 1994, when theCongress of Local and Regional Authorities is created. The Congress has a new political role and status within the institutional architecture of the Council of Europe. Two Chambers are created within the Congress, one for regional authorities and another one for local authorities. The last period spreads from 1994 until 2010. From 1994, the regions and the Congress work to achieve the new statutory role, which is contributing to the democratic stability of the European continent by monitoring local and regional democracy, observing local and regional elections and implementing new cooperation programs
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Bruiners, Natasja. "Multi-purpose community centres : a local economic development strategy towards sustainable community empowerment and poverty alleviation in the Dwars River region." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53509.
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Thesis (MS en S)--Stellenbosch University, 2003.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In South Africa, Multi-Purpose Community Centres (MPCCs) have been identified as the primary approach for the implementation of development communication and information as they potentially offer a wide range of services that communities can utilise for their own empowerment. This affords the community an opportunity to become more self-reliant. The new Local Economic Development (LED) policy paper (2002) highlights the mobilisation of internal resources, capacities and skills consistent with the sustainable development objectives that government is now more aggressively pursuing. Community participation and empowerment play a significant role in any community, therefore, municipalities need to create the conditions for greater public participation and empowerment. It should be done with regards to the disadvantaged or marginalised groups in accordance with the conditions and capacities in a municipality. In the Dwars River region, various services are being planned ranging from skills development to tourism, but these depend on sufficient financial aid. The nature and location of the MPCCs in South Africa makes financial sustainability difficult because the majority of them largely serve historically disadvantaged communities with limited financial resources to pay for services. It is also important to note that economic growth does not necessarily imply poverty alleviation and/or skills development as components of the government's communication and information approach. MPCCs can transform communities but will be time consuming and requires participation from all spheres of government and civil society.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In Suid Afrika was Veeldoenige Gemeenskap Sentrums geidentifiseer as die primêre benadering vir die implementering van informasie en kommunikasie programme, veral omdat hierdie progamme 'n reeks dienste aanbied, wat die gemeenskap kan benut vir hul eie bemagtiging. Dit gee aan die gemeenskap die geleentheid om meer onafhanklik te word. Die nuwe Plaaslike Ekonomiese Ontwikkelings beleidsdokument (2002) beklemtoon die mobilisering van interne hulpbronne, kapasiteit en vaardighede konstant met die volhoubare ontwikkelings objektiewe wat die regering meer aggresief nastreef. Publieke deelname en bemagtiging speel 'n kenmerkende rol in die lewens van die gemeenskap. Verder blyk dit duidelik dat munisipaliteite, publieke deelname en bemagtiging moet bevorder. Munisipaliteite moet ook kondisies vir publieke deelname en bemagtiging skep. Hierdie twee strategieë moet veral toegepas word op vorig benadeelde en gemarginaliseerde groepe en gemeenskappe in lyn met die kondisies en kapasiteit van die betrokke munisipaliteit. Die Dwarsrivier Vallei bied verskeie dienste aan wat vaardigheidsontwikkeling en toerisme insluit. Dit sal grootliks afhang van die streek se finansiële kapasiteit. Die aard en ligging van Veeldoenige Gemeenskap Sentrums in Suid-Afrika maak finansiële volhoubaarheid Gemeenskap Sentrums moeilik, bedien want die meerderheid Veeldoenige grootliks die historiese benadeelde gemeenskappe met hul beperkte finansiële hulpbronne. Dit is ook belangrik om te beklemtoon dat ekonomiese groei nie noodwendig armoede uitwissing impliseer nie, maar so eerder vaardigheidsontwikkeling (bv. Informasie Tegnologie). Veeldoenige Gemeenskap Sentrums kan gemeenskappe transformeer, maar sal baie tydrowend wees en benodig gemeenskap deelname in alle sfere van regering en plaaslike gemeenskap.
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Bianco, Tatiani Sobrinho Del. "Modelo de gestão dos resíduos sólidos urbanos como elemento de desenvolvimento regional sustentável: uma análise dos municípios do Oeste do Paraná." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, 2018. http://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/4160.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
The problem of urban solid waste management (RSU) is a topic of worldwide concern, and has been treated as a priority, since equating excessive generation and final disposal of environmentally sound waste is one of the major challenges facing modern society. Thus, the RSUs are correctly managed as a challenge / goal to be achieved, in order to minimize the negative impacts caused by the generation of waste from various generating sources. In view of the above, this thesis aimed to propose a model of MSW management differentiated, in the stages of collection, transportation, treatment and recovery of waste, capable of meeting the legal prerogatives in economic, social and environmental context, and that allows the implantation of an economic model that generates wealth, employment and income in a sustainable environment in the municipalities of the Western Mesoregion of Paraná. For that, the methodological procedures included the execution of six stages, namely: 1) Characterization of the sources of RSU in the western mesoregion of Paraná; 2) Estimation of the potential of RSU generation in the municipalities of the Western Mesoregion of Paraná, during the years 1980 to 2030; 3) Evaluation of the execution of the National Solid Waste Policy as of the enactment of Federal Law No. 12,3052010; 4) Prospecting of methods, processes and technologies for the collection, transport, treatment and use of MSW; 5) Presentation of the MSW management model that allows the consolidation of an economic and sustainable system based on the MSW industrialization based on the economic, social and environmental specificities of the municipalities of the West of Paraná; 6) Consolidation and systematization of results. The results showed that only 12% of the municipalities of the Western Mesoregion of Paraná presented, through the construction of the Indicator of Sustainable Regional Development, a dynamic relationship in their productive base with economic, social and environmental advances. However, given the potential increase in the generation capacity of the MSW in the region, which was estimated at around 41%, it was identified that the 50 municipalities had a daily solid waste generation potential of 595.6 ton/day, in 1980, to 841.5 ton/day, in 2030. Thus, it was evidenced that there is inability to comply with Federal Law No. 12.305/2010, where 63% of the municipalities of the West of Paraná do not have the capacity economic, financial and technical / intellectual staff capable of handling the costs of managing and maintaining the correct level of waste management. This result is mainly due to the application of PNRS guidelines and targets in the municipalities of the West of Paraná through individualized solutions (landfills and / or controlled landfills), which become sources of economic and financial problems for the municipal administrations, as well as in the unfeasible possibility of meeting all the determinations in effect in PNRS / 2010. This scenario also occurs when one intends to establish only one intermunicipal waste management consortium capable of serving the 50 municipalities in the region, since a total investment of R $ 936.28 million would be necessary considering the amount of waste generated in the region, by 2030. Thus, the feasible, economical, social and environmentally adequate solution to waste management in the municipalities of the West of Paraná is the use of three Integrated Systems of Solid Urban Waste Management (SIGRSU), which should be implanted in the Microregions of Cascavel, Foz do Iguaçu and Toledo. Thus, the implementation of this new MSW management model, based on differentiated methods and technologies, has demonstrated the technical and economic viability of the proposal, in which urban solid waste becomes a cost factor and becomes an investment opportunity. In this scenario, the economic variable is one of the main attractions for individuals, while the impacts on the environment and society are also positive. Therefore, there is an environmental externality transformed into a source of opportunities for new business models, in which waste is considered as raw material and / or input of industrial processes, which will help in the sustainable and innovative development of the Meso-region under study, since it would be capable of generating income, from the implementation and development of new technologies, increase the useful life and reduce the need to increase the area for landfills and, thus, make the municipalities comply with the guidelines of Federal Law N ° 12.305/2010, of the PNRS.
O problema do gerenciamento de Resíduos Sólidos Urbanos (RSU) é tema de interesse mundial, e tem sido tratado como prioritário, uma vez que, equacionar a geração excessiva e disposição final e ambientalmente segura dos resíduos é um dos maiores desafios com que se defronta a sociedade moderna. Assim, denota-se a gestão correta dos RSUs como desafio/meta a ser alcançado, visando minimizar os impactos negativos causados pela geração dos resíduos de diversas fontes geradoras. Diante do exposto, a presente tese objetivou propor um modelo de gestão de RSU diferenciado, nas etapas de coleta, transporte, tratamento e aproveitamento de resíduos, capaz de atender as prerrogativas legais em âmbito econômico, social e ambiental, e, que possibilite a implantação de um modelo econômico gerador de riqueza, emprego e renda num ambiente sustentável nos municípios da Mesorregião Oeste do Paraná. Para tanto, os procedimentos metodológicos contemplaram a execução de seis etapas, sendo estas: 1) Caracterização das fontes geradoras de RSU na mesorregião Oeste do Paraná; 2) Estimação do potencial de geração dos RSU nos municípios da Mesorregião Oeste do Paraná, durante os anos de 1980 a 2030; 3) Avaliação da execuçãoimplantação da Política Nacional dos Resíduos Sólidos a partir da promulgação da Lei Federal N°12.3052010; 4) Prospecção dos métodos, processos e tecnologias para a coleta, transporte, tratamento e aproveitamento de RSU; 5) Apresentação do modelo de gestão de RSU diferenciado, que possibilite a consolidação de um sistema econômico e sustentável com base da industrialização dos RSU a partir das especificidades econômicas, sociais e ambientais dos municípios da Mesorregião Oeste do Paraná; 6) Consolidação e sistematização dos resultados. Os resultados demonstraram que apenas 12% dos municípios da Mesorregião Oeste do Paraná apresentaram, por meio da construção do Indicador de Desenvolvimento Regional Sustentável, dinâmica relação na sua base produtiva com avanços econômicos, sociais e ambientais. Contudo, dado o aumento potencial da capacidade de geração de RSU na região, que foi estimado na ordem de 41%, identificou-se que, os 50 municipios apresentaram um potencial de geração de RSU de um montante diário de 595,6 ton.dia, em 1980, para 841,5 ton.dia, em 2030. Assim, evidenciou-se que, há incapacidade no atendimento da Lei Federal N°12.305/2010, onde 63% dos municípios do Oeste do Paraná, não apresentam capacidade econômica, financeira e de corpo técnico/intelectual capaz de arcar com os custos de gestão e manutenção do correto nível de gerenciamento dos resíduos gerados. Tal resultado, deve-se, em maior parte dada a aplicação das diretrizes e metas da PNRS nos municípios do Oeste do Paraná por meio de soluções individualizadas (aterros sanitários e/ou controlados), as quais se transformam em fontes de problemas econômico-financeiros para as gestões municipais, bem como na inviável possibilidade de atendimento de todas as determinações vigentes na PNRS/2010. Tal cenário também se verifica quando se tem a intenção de implantar apenas um consórcio intermunicipal de gerenciamento de resíduos, capaz de atender aos 50 municípios da região, pois seria necessário um investimento total de R$936,28 milhões de reais, considerando o montante de resíduos gerados na região, até 2030. Assim, a solução viável, econômico, social e ambientalmente adequada a gestão de resíduos nos municípios do Oeste do Paraná é a utilização de três Sistemas de Gerenciamento Integrado de Resíduos Sólidos Urbanos (SIGRSU), os quais devem ser implantados nas Microrregiões de Cascavel, Foz do Iguaçu e Toledo. Assim, a implementação desse novo modelo de gestão dos RSU, baseado em métodos e tecnologias diferenciadas, demonstraram a viabilidade técnica e econômica da proposta, na qual os resíduos sólidos urbanos passam de um fator de custo e se tornam uma oportunidade de investimento. Nesse cenário, a variável econômica é um dos maiores atrativos para os indivíduos, ao mesmo tempo em que os impactos no meio ambiente e na sociedade são também positivos. Portanto, tem-se uma externalidade ambiental transformada em fonte de oportunidades de novos modelos de negócios, no qual os resíduos são considerados matérias-primas e/ou insumos de processos industriais, qual auxiliará no desenvolvimento sustentável e inovador da Mesorregião em estudo, pois seria capaz de gerar renda, a partir da implementação e desenvolvimento de novas tecnologias, aumento da vida útil e redução da necessidade de aumento de área para aterros sanitários e, assim, fazer com que os municípios ficassem em conformidade com as diretrizes da Lei Federal N° 12.305/2010, do PNRS.
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Maier-Knapp, Naila. "EU Actorness with and within Southeast Asia in light of Non-traditional Security Challenges." Thesis, University of Canterbury. National Centre for Research on Europe, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/8015.
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Nearly four decades of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)-European Union (EU) relationship have witnessed the importance of ideas and identity alongside the economic interests in shaping the behaviour of the two sides. The study takes interest in understanding the EU’s actorness and the EU as a normative actor with and within Southeast Asia through a reflectivist lens. The thesis is an attempt to provide a new perspective on a relationship commonly assessed from an economic angle. It outlines the opportunity of non-traditional security (NTS) challenges to enhance EU actorness and normative influence in Southeast Asia.
Against this backdrop, the study explores the dialogue and cooperative initiatives of two regions, which attach relatively little salience to each other. The study employs a NTS lens and draws upon the case of the Asian Financial Crisis of 1997-98, the haze in relation to forest governance, the Bali bombings of 2002 and the political conflict in Aceh. The study assumes that these NTS issues can stimulate processes of threat convergence as well as threat ‘othering’. It argues that these processes enhance European engagement in Southeast Asia and contribute to shaping regional stability in Southeast Asia. Furthermore, NTS crises present situations, where norms can become unstable, contested and substituted. This allows us to better examine the EU as a normative actor.
To establish an understanding of the EU’s actorness and the EU as a normative actor, the empirical evidence will focus on the threat perceptions, motivations of action and activities of the EU and its member states. For the purpose of differentiating the EU as a normative actor, the study will also include the discussion of the normative objectives and behaviours of the EU and its member states and apply a reflectivist theoretical framework.
Hypothetically, NTS crises trigger external assistance and normative influence and thus, they offer an opportunity to establish a more nuanced picture of the EU in the region. At the same time, the study acknowledges that there are a variety of constraints and variables that complicate the EU’s actorness. The thesis seeks to identify and discuss these. So far, scholarly publications have failed to apply the NTS perspective systematically. This thesis provides the first monograph-length treatment of the EU in Southeast Asia through a NTS and reflectivist lens.
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Kabaum, Marcel. "Jugendkulturen und Mitgestaltung in westdeutschen Schulen der 1950er und 1960er Jahre." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/19760.
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Die Arbeit rekonstruiert jugendliche Mitgestaltung und jugendkulturelle Artikulationen in westdeutschen Schulen entlang eines umfassenden Bestandes an Schülerzeitungen. Zur Mitgestaltung der Schulgemeinschaft und zum Erlernen demokratischer Handlungsweisen wurden Schülerzeitungen von den Alliierten zusammen mit der Schülermitverantwortung (SMV) insbesondere an Gymnasien eingeführt. Erstmals wird hier auch die Entwicklung der Schülerzeitungen in der ersten Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts nachgezeichnet. Schülerzeitungen zeugten gegenüber der Schülermitverantwortung (SMV) von deutlich unproblematischer und erfolgreicher zu etablierenden Mitgestaltungs- und Artikulationsmöglichkeiten und trugen zur Entwicklung von stärker durch Liberalisierung und Partizipation geprägte Schulkulturen bei. Dies wird für prägende Themen in der behandelten Zeit dargestellt: mit Blick auf (1) die Diskussion von Technik und naturwissenschaftlich-technischen Entwicklungen während des Kalten Krieges, (2) auf die Beschäftigung mit den USA und ihrem kulturellen Einfluss sowie (3) auf die Auseinandersetzungen mit jugendkulturellen Entwicklungen. Die zunehmende Öffnung der Schule für jugendkulturelle Ausdrucksweisen wird sowohl thematisch als auch auf materieller Ebene untersucht. Dazu wird u. a. die symbolische Kommunikation auf Titelblättern von Schülerzeitungen analysiert. Die dargestellten produktiven Bemühungen um Meinungsfreiheit in der Schule verdeutlichen auch die Bedeutung von Schülerzeitungen für das Lehrer-Schüler-Verhältnis. Die Arbeit bekräftigt die Relevanz von Schülerzeitungen für die Rekonstruktion von Jugendkulturen bzw. peer cultures im schulischen Raum sowie als ertragreiche Quelle für die Jugend- und Schulforschung. Schülerzeitungen sind darüber hinaus ein internationales und auch transnationales Phänomen. Für weitere Forschungen wird daher zudem ein erster umfassender Forschungsbericht zu Schülerzeitungen in Westeuropa, in der DDR und in den USA gegeben.This doctoral thesis reconstructs youth participation and youth-cultural articulations at West German secondary schools. After 1945, the Allies introduced student newspapers along with student councils in order to foster the acquisition of democratic behaviors and codetermination of the school community. This project first offers a thorough documentation of the development of student newspapers in the first half of the 20th century, and then focuses on their development in the 1950s and 1960s. By the mid-1950s, the editors of the student newspapers had claimed independence vis-a-vis student councils. Student newspapers, meanwhile, bespoke far less problematic, and more successful, potentials for participation and youth-cultural articulation. They thereby contributed to school cultures more strongly influenced by liberalization and participation. The following defining themes from the era are presented in these articles: (1) the discussion of technology and natural science/technical developments during the cold war, (2) engagement with the USA and its cultural influence, and (3) involvement with youth-cultural developments. The increasing opening of schools for youth-cultural forms of expression is examined on both thematic and material levels. In addition, newspaper elements such as the symbolic communication in title pages will be analyzed. The productive efforts toward freedom of opinion in schools show the importance of school newspapers in terms of the teacher-student relationship and the development of participatory structures in schools. This project underlines the relevance of school newspapers for the reconstruction of youth cultures and peer cultures in schools in addition to being sources for youth research and school research. Moreover, school newspapers are an international and transnational phenomenon. Areas for further research are indicated in a literature review for Western Europe a consideration of the GDR and the USA.
Cette thèse reconstruit la participation des jeunes et les articulations culturelles des jeunes dans les écoles ouest-allemandes à travers une collection de plus de 7 500 journaux scolaires archivés à la Bibliothek für Bildungsgeschichtliche Forschung (BBF) de Berlin. Afin d'aider à façonner la communauté scolaire et d'apprendre à agir de manière démocratique, les journaux scolaires ont été introduits après 1945 par les Alliés en collaboration avec le conseil des élèves, en particulier dans les écoles secondaires. Ce faisant, certaines préformes réussies du passé ont été poursuivies. Pour la première fois, cet ouvrage retrace l'évolution des journaux scolaires dans la première moitié du XXe siècle, puis se concentre sur les développements des années 1950 et 1960. A partir du milieu des années 1950, les rédacteurs en chef des journaux de l'école ont revendiqué avec succès leur indépendance vis-à-vis du conseil des élèves, dont les possibilités de codécision ont été désillusionnées à un stade précoce. Contrairement au conseil des élèves, les journaux scolaires ont témoigné de possibilités de co-design et d'articulation à établir nettement moins problématiques et plus fructueuses et ont ainsi contribué au développement de cultures scolaires plus fortement influencées par la libéralisation et la participation. Il est présenté dans le présent document pour les thèmes de formation au cours de la période couverte : en vue (1) de la discussion sur la technologie et les développements scientifiques et techniques pendant la Guerre froide, (2) de l'occupation avec les Etats-Unis et son influence culturelle, et (3) des confrontations avec les développements culturels des jeunes. L'ouverture croissante de l'école aux expressions culturelles des jeunes est examinée tant au niveau de la thématisation que sur le plan matériel sous la forme d'une analyse des artefacts. A cet effet, la communication symbolique sur les pages de titre des journaux scolaires sera analysée. Les efforts productifs présentés pour la liberté d'opinion dans les écoles illustrent également l'importance des journaux étudiants pour la relation enseignant-élève et le développement de structures participatives dans les écoles. Les travaux confirment la pertinence des journaux scolaires pour la reconstruction des cultures des jeunes ou des cultures des pairs dans les écoles et en tant que source productive pour les jeunes et la recherche scolaire. Les journaux scolaires sont également un phénomène international et transnational. Pour des recherches plus approfondies, ce document fournit un premier rapport de recherche complet pour l'Europe occidentale ainsi qu'une présentation pour la RDA et les Etats-Unis.
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RODRÍGUEZ-POSE, Andrés. "The socio-political bases of regional growth in Western Europe." Doctoral thesis, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/5368.
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Defence date: 26 January 1996Examining Board: Prof. Colin Crouch (EUI) ; Prof. Gøsta Esping-Andersen (U. di Trento, supervisor) ; Prof. Yves Mény (EUI) ; Prof. Mercedes Molina (U. Complutense de Madrid) ; Prof. Carlo Trigilia (U. di Firenze, co-supervisor)
First made available online 10 October 2016
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Van, Houten Pieter Jacob. "Regional assertivness in Western Europe political constraints and the role of party competition /." 2000. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:9990604.
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