Academic literature on the topic 'Regional climate'

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Journal articles on the topic "Regional climate"

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Brown, Alastair. "Regional climate prediction." Nature Climate Change 5, no. 3 (February 25, 2015): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2561.

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Laprise, René. "Regional climate modelling." Journal of Computational Physics 227, no. 7 (March 2008): 3641–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcp.2006.10.024.

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McGregor, J. L. "Regional climate modelling." Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics 63, no. 1-2 (1997): 105–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01025367.

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Mieruch, S., S. Noël, H. Bovensmann, J. P. Burrows, and J. A. Freund. "Markov chain analysis of regional climates." Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics 17, no. 6 (November 19, 2010): 651–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/npg-17-651-2010.

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Abstract. We present a novel method for regional climate classification that is based on coarse-grained categorical representations of multivariate climate anomalies and a subsequent Markov chain analysis. From the estimated transition matrix several descriptors, such as persistence, recurrence time and entropy, are derived. These descriptors characterise dynamic properties of regional climate anomalies and are connected with fundamental concepts from nonlinear physics like residence times, relaxation process and predictability. Such characteristics are useful for a comparative analysis of different climate regions and, in the context of global climate change, for a regime shift analysis. We apply the method to the bivariate set of water vapour and temperature anomalies of two regional climates, the Iberian Peninsula and the islands of Hawaii in the central Pacific Ocean. Through the Markov chain analysis and via the derived descriptors we find significant differences between the two climate regions. Since anomalies are departures from seasonal and long term components, these differences relate to differences in the short term stability of both regional climates.
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Rockel, Burkhardt, and Beate Geyer. "The performance of the regional climate model CLM in different climate regions, based on the example of precipitation." Meteorologische Zeitschrift 17, no. 4 (August 25, 2008): 487–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/0941-2948/2008/0297.

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Rockel, Burkhard, Andreas Will, and Andreas Hense. "The Regional Climate Model COSMO-CLM (CCLM)." Meteorologische Zeitschrift 17, no. 4 (August 25, 2008): 347–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/0941-2948/2008/0309.

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Schipper, Janus Willem, Julia Hackenbruch, Hilke Simone Lentink, and Katrin Sedlmeier. "Integrating Adaptation Expertise into Regional Climate Data Analyses through Tailored Climate Parameters." Meteorologische Zeitschrift 28, no. 1 (March 22, 2019): 41–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/metz/2019/0878.

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Evans, Graeme. "REGIONAL SURVEY: CLIMATE CHANGE AND REGIONAL STUDIES." Regions Magazine 288, no. 1 (December 2012): 13–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13673882.2012.10636680.

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Kilcik, A. "Regional sun–climate interaction." Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics 67, no. 16 (November 2005): 1573–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jastp.2005.09.003.

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McGregor, Helen. "Regional climate goes global." Nature Geoscience 11, no. 1 (January 2018): 18–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41561-017-0046-8.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Regional climate"

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Gbobaniyi, Emiola Olabode. "Transferability of regional climate models over different climatic domains." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/4854.

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In the continuing quest to improve climate model predictions to meet the increasing demand for knowledge on the regional effects of global climate change, it is pertinent to increase our understanding of how the underlying processes of climate are represented in the models we use to make these predictions. Concerted efforts in model evaluations and intercomparison have provided numerous insights into various model biases which plague current state-of-the-art regional climate models (RCMs). Model evaluation and assessment is crucial to model development and understanding how physical processes are represented in models is necessary for improving model parameterizations. This thesis explored model transferability as a new approach for systematic process-based intercomparison of RCMs. It investigated an untested transferability hypothesis which states that “for non-monsoon regions experiencing weak synoptic scale forcing, the height of the cloud base is correlated with the daytime surface fluxes”. An initial transferability experiment was conducted over Cabauw, the Netherlands (51.97°N, 4.93°E) to assess the models’ skill in resolving the diurnal and seasonal cycles and to investigate the simulated connections between surface and hydrometeorological variables over a non-monsoon station. The ability of models to resolve these cycles correctly is a good metric of their predictive capabilities. The data used for the study comprises three-hourly surface observations for the period October 2002 – December 2004 from the Coordinated Enhanced Observing Period (CEOP) measuring campaigns of the Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment (GEWEX) and three-year simulations (2002 -2004) from five RCMs (CLM, GEMLAM, MRCC, RCA3 and RSM). In simulating seasonal and diurnal cycles of CBH and surface variables, the European models (CLM and RCA3) demonstrate a clear home advantage over the North American models (GEMLAM, MRCC and RSM). Principal component analysis revealed that the models couple the cloud base height with surface fluxes as in observations and that this coupling is not sensitive to changes in wind speed. This study found that summer daytime loadings gave the strongest couplings of variables. Three major processes were identified over Cabauw. First and most dominant is the surface energy process which couples sensible and latent heat with net radiation. The second process is thermodynamic, coupling temperature and surface moisture (specific humidity), and the third is a dynamic process which couples pressure and wind speed. A model intercomparison was then carried out across the six midlatitude domains to test the validity of the Cabauw findings. In observations, CBH is well coupled with the surface fluxes over Cabauw, Bondville, Lamont and BERMS, but coupled only with temperature over Lindenberg and Tongyu. All the models (except GEMLAM) simulated a good coupling with surface fluxes at all stations. In GEMLAM, there is no coupling between CBH and surface fluxes at any station. In less homogenous domains of the study, a very slight decrease in the strength of coupling is seen in most of the models, under strong large scale forcing. This would suggest that the coupling between cloud base height and surface fluxes in the models is possibly more influenced by radiative forcing than by synoptic controls. This second study confirmed the findings at Cabauw that the simulated cloud base is correlated with surface energy fluxes and the sign of the correlations in the models is as in observations. This finding is important for the modeling community as it establishes the fact that the models are actually simulating the direction of influence of surface fluxes and possibly, soil water variability, on cloud processes.
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Sanchirico, Emily. "A Strong Institutional Climate: Regional Trade Networks and Climate Action." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/13410.

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Climate change has been described as a malign, wicked, and super wicked problem. I focus on key characteristics that make international collective action challenging: asymmetry, fear of free riding, scientific uncertainty, and inherent interdependencies. I argue that an institution designed to tackle such a complex problem requires a key set of features: leadership, linkage, quality information, differentiated obligations, monitoring/enforcement, transparency, and flexibility. I assess the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and Kyoto Protocol to determine what aspects are missing. I then ask why the European Union (EU), with incentives to the contrary, set broad unilateral goals. I argue that the framework of political and economic integration made deep cooperation possible. Lastly, I consider whether this experience is specific to the EU and ask whether regional trade networks have a role in the global arsenal of climate change solutions.
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Quaas, Johannes, Martin F. Quaas, Olivier Boucher, and Wilfried Rickels. "Regional climate engineering by radiation management." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-217984.

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Radiationmanagement (RM), as an option to engineer the climate, is highly controversial and suffers from a number of ethical and regulatory concerns, usually studied in the context of the objective to mitigate the global mean temperature. In this article, we discuss the idea that RM can be differentiated and scaled in several dimensions with potential objectives being to influence a certain climate parameter in a specific region. Some short-lived climate forcers (e.g., tropospheric aerosols) exhibit strong geographical and temporal variability, potentially leading to limited-area climate responses. Marine cloud brightening and thinning or dissolution of cirrus clouds could be operated at a rather local scale. It is therefore conceivable that such schemes could be applied with the objective to influence the climate at a regional scale. From a governance perspective, it is desirable to avoid any substantial climate effects of regional RM outside the target region. This, however, could prove impossible for a sustained, long-term RM. In turn, regional RM during limited time periods could prove more feasible without effects beyond the target area. It may be attractive as it potentially provides the opportunity to target the suppression of some extreme events such as heat waves. Research is needed on the traceability of regional RM, for example, using detection and attribution methods. Incentives and implications of regional RM need to be examined, and new governance options have to be conceived.
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Rupper, Summer Burton. "Glacier sensitivity and regional climate : past and present /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6728.

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Pal, Sujan, and Sujan Pal. "Application of High-Resolution Regional Climate Model Product in Climate and Weather Research." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624093.

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Accurate regional and local scale information about seasonal climate variability and its impact on water availability is important in many practical applications like agriculture, water resource planning, long term decision making etc. Presently, the primary source for real-time seasonal climate forecast comes from the CPC within the NOAA-NCEP which uses its model forecast component (CFSv2) of North American Multi-Model Ensemble (NMME). But it has been observed that in comparison to the cool season, the level of skill in warm season seasonal forecasts of precipitation produced by the NMME is much lower (Kirtman et al. 2014) due to the poor climatological representation of warm season convective precipitation. To fully realise the potential in improving warm season seasonal forecasts using a dynamical modeling approach requires dynamical downscaling of NMME models to better improve their representation of convective precipitation at a convective-permitting (3km) grid. A decade-long CFSR (the reanalysis product of CFS) data is dynamically downscaled using WRF to demonstrate the value added of convective permitting modeling in the representation of mean and extreme warm season precipitation over the Southwest United States. The study shows evidence that the use of regional model adds value to the reanalyses in terms to better special and temporal representation which is also consistent with previous studies and appears to be an important initial step towards seasonal to subseasonal (S2S) forecasting. Empirical observations show that the structure and size of tropical cyclones (TCs) have dramatic impacts at landfall, including wind damage and storm surge. A better understanding of how the large-scale environment affects TC size and size change might be helpful in the predictions of the TC environment to infer how the TC size might change close to landfall. This study investigates the influence of environmental factors on TC size expansions using numerical simulations. Two periods of size change are investigated one in Hurricane Katrina (2005) as it moved through the Gulf of Mexico and one in Igor (2010) as it begins to undergo extratropical transition. Size changes are evaluated using the North Atlantic Hurricane Database second generation (HURDAT2) data set, which contains the maximum radial extent of the 64-, 50- and 34-kt wind in four quadrants. The average 34-kt wind radius (R34) is used as an indicator of the size of the TC. For the purposes of this study, the environment of a TC is investigated if the wind field either expanded or contracted in size at least 15 n mi radially in a 12-hour period. The regional model used is WRF-ARW. The results found from the simulation of Hurricane Katrina support previous results that increased surface fluxes and higher moisture availability is conducive to TC wind expansion and that as the moisture is depleted, the expansion of the wind field is no longer supported. In the case of Hurricane Igor, the influences of the midlatitude westerlies was evident in the increasing deep vertical wind shear, which is known to be detrimental to TC structure and intensity when strong enough.
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Barandiaran, Daniel A. "Investigation into Regional Climate Variability using Tree-Ring Reconstruction, Climate Diagnostics and Prediction." DigitalCommons@USU, 2016. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/5024.

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This document is a summary of research conducted to develop and apply climate analysis tools toward a better understanding of the past and future of hydroclimate variability in the state of Utah. Two pilot studies developed data management and climate analysis tools subsequently applied to our region of interest. The first investigated the role of natural atmospheric forcing in the inter-annual variability of precipitation of the Sahel region in Africa, and found a previously undocumented link with the East Atlantic mode, which explains 29% of variance in regional precipitation. An analysis of output from an operational seasonal climate forecast model revealed a failure in the model to reproduce this linkage, thus highlighting a shortcoming in model performance. The second pilot study studied long-term trends in the strength of the Great Plains low-level jet, an driver of storm development in the region’s wet spring season. Our analysis showed that since 1979 the low-level jet has strengthened as shifted the timing of peak activity, resulting in shifts both in time and location for peak precipitation, possibly the result of anthropogenic forcing. Our third study used a unique tree-ring dataset to create a reconstruction of April 1 snow water equivalent, an important measure of water supply in the Intermountain West, for the state of Utah to 1850. Analysis of the reconstruction shows the majority of snowpack variability occurs monotonically over the whole state at decadal to multidecadal frequencies. The final study evaluated decadal prediction performance of climate models participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 5. We found that the analyzed models exhibit modest skill in prediction of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation and better skill in prediction of global temperature trends post 1960.
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Menon, Surabi. "Role of Sulfates in Regional Cloud-Climate Interactions." NCSU, 1998. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-19981102-133647.

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Aerosols affect the radiation budget of the earth-atmosphere system by directly reflecting or absorbing solar radiation and also indirectly, by altering the cloud albedo through changes in the cloud condensation nuclei concentration (CCN). Increases in CCN concentrations result in an increase in the cloud droplet number concentration (N). Assuming the cloud liquid water content (LWC) stays the same, this will result in smaller cloud droplet sizes. Thus, this will increase cloud reflectance and cloud lifetime as cloud cover also increases. An accurate quantification of the aerosol forcing effect is still not possible due to the complexity involved in understanding aerosol processes and their effects on climate. There has also been a lack of a coordinated effort toward linking surface and in situ observations, as well climate model results and satellite data. Due to the spatial and temporal heterogeneity in aerosol forcing, regional effects are important. In this dissertation, the direct and indirect radiative forcing effects of aerosols - primarily sulfates and to lesser extent soot aerosols at a site located in the southeastern U.S. are investigated by means of surface observations, modeling results and satellite data.During the summers of 1993-96, field experiments were conducted at Mt. Mitchell, North Carolina, at a site representative of the southeastern U.S. to determine the effect of pollutants on the cloud microphysical and optical properties. Analyses of the results from empirical relationships are used to obtain an estimate of the contribution of sulfates to indirect radiative forcing. Concurrent measurements of size resolved chemical concentrations, light scattering and absorption coefficients, aerosol size distribution and optical depth measurements were obtained during the winter of 1997 for cloud-free skies. Data from these measurements are used to investigate the chemical-physical-optical interaction between aerosols and to determine the direct forcing effect of aerosols by means of a column forcing model. Cloud water sulfate concentration is used as a measure of anthropogenic pollution. Back-trajectory analysis is used to identify the source of the air masses classified as polluted continental, continental and marine. The effect of anthropogenic pollution on cloud microphysical properties such as LWC, N, effective radii (Reff), CCN activation spectrum, cloud optical depth and reflectivity are investigated. The relationship between Reff and sulfate for different air masses, as well as the N-sulfate mass relationship, suggests that the counteracting effect of sulfates on greenhouse warming for the southeastern U.S. would be of a magnitude greater than -4.0 W m-2 obtained by previous modeling studies. Acidity variations between cloud droplets of different sizes indicated that on an average, smaller drops are enriched in sulfates, nitrates and ammonium, whereas, larger droplets have higher concentrations of sodium, calcium and magnesium. As part of a closure experiment cloud albedo calculated from in situ measurements was compared to that retrieved from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer data for four years (1993-96). The nonlinear relationships between the cloud microphysical/optical properties and the sulfate content imply the existence of an optimum level for the sulfate concentration that would affect cloud albedo. In terms of the direct forcing effect, wintertime forcing obtained for an internal mixture of sulfate and soot aerosols is much lower than that obtained during summer, due to reduced sulfate concentrations in winter. A quantitative measure of the direct forcing indicates higher magnitudes both for summer and winter than is obtained from previous modeling results. Analyses of the direct and indirect radiative forcing effect of sulfates for the southeastern U.S. indicate that the negative forcing effect is of greater magnitude than is predicted by modeling results. Thus, reduction in sulfate emissions would have a significant impact on climate for the southeastern U.S.

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Holsten, Anne. "Climate change vulnerability assessments in the regional context." Phd thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2013. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2013/6683/.

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Adapting sectors to new conditions under climate change requires an understanding of regional vulnerabilities. Conceptually, vulnerability is defined as a function of sensitivity and exposure, which determine climate impacts, and adaptive capacity of a system. Vulnerability assessments for quantifying these components have become a key tool within the climate change field. However, there is a disagreement on how to make the concept operational in studies from a scientific perspective. This conflict leads to many still unsolved challenges, especially regarding the quantification and aggregation of the components and their suitable level of complexity. This thesis therefore aims at advancing the scientific foundation of such studies by translating the concept of vulnerability into a systematic assessment structure. This includes all components and implies that for each considered impact (e.g. flash floods) a clear sensitive entity is defined (e.g. settlements) and related to a direction of change for a specific climatic stimulus (e.g. increasing impact due to increasing days with heavy precipitation). Regarding the challenging aggregation procedure, two alternative methods allowing a cross-sectoral overview are introduced and their advantages and disadvantages discussed. This assessment structure is subsequently exemplified for municipalities of the German state North Rhine-Westphalia via an indicator-based deductive approach using information from literature. It can be transferred also to other regions. As for many relevant sectors, suitable indicators to express the vulnerability components are lacking, new quantification methods are developed and applied in this thesis, for example for the forestry and health sector. A lack of empirical data on relevant thresholds is evident, for example which climatic changes would cause significant impacts. Consequently, the multi-sectoral study could only provide relative measures for each municipality, in relation to the region. To fill this gap, an exemplary sectoral study was carried out on windthrow impacts in forests to provide an absolute quantification of the present and future impact. This is achieved by formulating an empirical relation between the forest characteristics and damage based on data from a past storm event. The resulting measure indicating the sensitivity is then combined with wind conditions. Multi-sectoral vulnerability assessments require considerable resources, which often hinders the implementation. Thus, in a next step, the potential for reducing the complexity is explored. To predict forest fire occurrence, numerous meteorological indices are available, spanning over a range of complexity. Comparing their performance, the single variable relative humidity outperforms complex indicators for most German states in explaining the monthly fire pattern. This is the case albeit it is itself an input factor in most indices. Thus, this meteorological factor alone is well suited to evaluate forest fire danger in many Germany regions and allows a resource-efficient assessment. Similarly, the complexity of methods is assessed regarding the application of the ecohydrological model SWIM to the German region of Brandenburg. The inter-annual soil moisture levels simulated by this model can only poorly be represented by simpler statistical approach using the same input data. However, on a decadal time horizon, the statistical approach shows a good performance and a strong dominance of the soil characteristic field capacity. This points to a possibility to reduce the input factors for predicting long-term averages, but the results are restricted by a lack of empirical data on soil water for validation. The presented assessments of vulnerability and its components have shown that they are still a challenging scientific undertaking. Following the applied terminology, many problems arise when implementing it for regional studies. Advances in addressing shortcomings of previous studies have been made by constructing a new systematic structure for characterizing and aggregating vulnerability components. For this, multiple approaches were presented, but they have specific advantages and disadvantages, which should also be carefully considered in future studies. There is a potential to simplify some methods, but more systematic assessments on this are needed. Overall, this thesis strengthened the use of vulnerability assessments as a tool to support adaptation by enhancing their scientific basis.
Die Anpassung von Sektoren an veränderte klimatische Bedingungen erfordert ein Verständnis von regionalen Vulnerabilitäten. Vulnerabilität ist als Funktion von Sensitivität und Exposition, welche potentielle Auswirkungen des Klimawandels darstellen, und der Anpassungsfähigkeit von Systemen definiert. Vulnerabilitätsstudien, die diese Komponenten quantifizieren, sind zu einem wichtigen Werkzeug in der Klimawissenschaft geworden. Allerdings besteht von der wissenschaftlichen Perspektive aus gesehen Uneinigkeit darüber, wie diese Definition in Studien umgesetzt werden soll. Ausdiesem Konflikt ergeben sich viele Herausforderungen, vor allem bezüglich der Quantifizierung und Aggregierung der einzelnen Komponenten und deren angemessenen Komplexitätsniveaus. Die vorliegende Dissertation hat daher zum Ziel die Anwendbarkeit des Vulnerabilitätskonzepts voranzubringen, indem es in eine systematische Struktur übersetzt wird. Dies beinhaltet alle Komponenten und schlägt für jede Klimaauswirkung (z.B. Sturzfluten) eine Beschreibung des vulnerablen Systems vor (z.B. Siedlungen), welches direkt mit einer bestimmten Richtung eines relevanten klimatischen Stimulus in Verbindung gebracht wird (z.B. stärkere Auswirkungen bei Zunahme der Starkregentage). Bezüglich der herausfordernden Prozedur der Aggregierung werden zwei alternative Methoden, die einen sektorübergreifenden Überblick ermöglichen, vorgestellt und deren Vor- und Nachteile diskutiert. Anschließend wird die entwickelte Struktur einer Vulnerabilitätsstudie mittels eines indikatorbasierten und deduktiven Ansatzes beispielhaft für Gemeinden in Nordrhein-Westfalen in Deutschland angewandt. Eine Übertragbarkeit auf andere Regionen ist dennoch möglich. Die Quantifizierung für die Gemeinden stützt sich dabei auf Informationen aus der Literatur. Da für viele Sektoren keine geeigneten Indikatoren vorhanden waren, werden in dieser Arbeit neue Indikatoren entwickelt und angewandt, beispielsweise für den Forst- oder Gesundheitssektor. Allerdings stellen fehlende empirische Daten bezüglich relevanter Schwellenwerte eine Lücke dar, beispielsweise welche Stärke von Klimaänderungen eine signifikante Auswirkung hervorruft. Dies führt dazu, dass die Studie nur relative Aussagen zum Grad der Vulnerabilität jeder Gemeinde im Vergleich zum Rest des Bundeslandes machen kann. Um diese Lücke zu füllen, wird für den Forstsektor beispielhaft die heutige und zukünftige Sturmwurfgefahr von Wäldern berechnet. Zu diesem Zweck werden die Eigenschaften der Wälder mit empirischen Schadensdaten eines vergangenen Sturmereignisses in Verbindung gebracht. Der sich daraus ergebende Sensitivitätswert wird anschließend mit den Windverhältnissen verknüpft. Sektorübergreifende Vulnerabilitätsstudien erfordern beträchtliche Ressourcen, was oft deren Anwendbarkeit erschwert. In einem nächsten Schritt wird daher das Potential einer Vereinfachung der Komplexität anhand zweier sektoraler Beispiele untersucht. Um das Auftreten von Waldbränden vorherzusagen, stehen zahlreiche meteorologische Indices zur Verfügung, welche eine Spannbreite unterschiedlicher Komplexitäten aufweisen. Bezüglich der Anzahl monatlicher Waldbrände weist die relative Luftfeuchtigkeit für die meisten deutschen Bundesländer eine bessere Vorhersagekraft als komplexere Indices auf. Dies ist er Fall, obgleich sie selbst als Eingangsvariable für die komplexeren Indices verwendet wird. Mit Hilfe dieses einzelnen meteorologischen Faktors kann also die Waldbrandgefahr in deutschen Region ausreichend genau ausgedrückt werden, was die Ressourceneffizienz von Studien erhöht. Die Methodenkomplexität wird auf ähnliche Weise hinsichtlich der Anwendung des ökohydrologischen Modells SWIM für die Region Brandenburg untersucht. Die interannuellen Bodenwasserwerte, welche durch dieses Modell simuliert werden, können nur unzureichend durch ein einfacheres statistisches Modell, welches auf denselben Eingangsdaten aufbaut, abgebildet werden. Innerhalb eines Zeithorizonts von Jahrzehnten, kann der statistische Ansatz jedoch das Bodenwasser zufriedenstellend abbilden und zeigt eine Dominanz der Bodeneigenschaft Feldkapazität. Dies deutet darauf hin, dass die Komplexität im Hinblick auf die Anzahl der Eingangsvariablen für langfristige Berechnungen reduziert werden kann. Allerdings sind die Aussagen durch fehlende beobachtete Bodenwasserwerte zur Validierung beschränkt. Die vorliegenden Studien zur Vulnerabilität und ihren Komponenten haben gezeigt, dass eine Anwendung noch immer wissenschaftlich herausfordernd ist. Folgt man der hier verwendeten Vulnerabilitätsdefinition, treten zahlreiche Probleme bei der Implementierung in regionalen Studien auf. Mit dieser Dissertation wurden Fortschritte bezüglich der aufgezeigten Lücken bisheriger Studien erzielt, indem eine systematische Struktur für die Beschreibung und Aggregierung von Vulnerabilitätskomponenten erarbeitet wurde. Hierfür wurden mehrere Ansätze diskutiert, die jedoch Vor- und Nachteile besitzen. Diese sollten vor der Anwendung von zukünftigen Studien daher ebenfalls sorgfältig abgewogen werden. Darüber hinaus hat sich gezeigt, dass ein Potential besteht einige Ansätze zu vereinfachen, jedoch sind hierfür weitere Untersuchungen nötig. Insgesamt konnte die Dissertation die Anwendung von Vulnerabilitätsstudien als Werkzeug zur Unterstützung von Anpassungsmaßnahmen stärken.
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Mashila, Thabang. "Spatial planning for climate change adaptation : developing a climate change local area adaptation plan for Khayelitsha." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13332.

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Climate change is now widely seen as a major challenge of this time and the future of cities. However, the most vulnerable will be the urban poor particularly those located on the urban fringes in high risk areas with limited access to basic services and economic opportunities. In South Africa, although progress has been made to reduce socio-economic and environmental challenges created by apartheid legislations, inequalities still exist where the privileged live in safer and well located and serviced parts of the city while he poor are still located in settlements created by apartheid in urban fringes. Spatial Planning presents an opportunity to increase resilience to climate change in vulnerable areas of cities. Through integrating planning and climate adaptation actions, future spatial decisions will add to resilience to climate change and enhance wellbeing of people. The dissertation includes a case study that was conducted to learn about the status quo of the study area to effectively recommend relevant interventions that seek to create resilience to climate change in the area. A local area adaptation plan was then formulated including the framework for implementing proposed interventions in a 20 year timeframe.
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Trail, Marcus Alexander. "Impact of climate-responsive controls and land usage on regional climate and air quality." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/53441.

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Impacts of Climate-responsive Controls and Land Usage on Regional Climate and Air Quality Marcus A. Trail 201 pages Directed by Dr. Armistead G. Russell Regional air quality impacts public health, visibility and ecosystem health, and is significantly affected by changes in climate, land use and pollutant emissions. Predictions of regional air quality responses to such changes can help inform policy makers in the development of effective approaches to both reduce greenhouse gases and improve air quality. However, major sources of uncertainty exist in predicting future air quality including limitations in the tools used to project future emissions, land use changes and uncertainties associated with predicting future climate. Recently, technical advances in downscaling global climate simulations to regional scales, and, the development of bottom-up operational tools used to forecast emissions have enhanced our ability to account for the complex interactions between population, socio-economic development, technological change, and federal and regional environmental policies. The results show that emissions reductions strategies will continue to play a vital role in improving air quality over the U.S. while CO2 emission reduction policies can have mixed positive and negative impacts on air quality. However, additional costs will be necessary to reach air quality goals due to climate change because deeper emission reductions will be required to compensate for a warmer climate, even if current efforts are predicted to show improvement. The results of this study also show that regional climate and O3 and aerosol concentrations are highly sensitive to reforestation and cropland conversion in the Southeast and these land use changes should be considered in air quality management plans.
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Books on the topic "Regional climate"

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Congbin, Fu, Guan Zhaoyong, He Jinhai, Jiang Zhihong, Menenti M, Rasool I, Xu Zhongfeng, and SpringerLink (Online service), eds. Regional Climate Studies of China. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2008.

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Fu, Congbin, Zhihong Jiang, Zhaoyong Guan, Jinhai He, and Zhongfeng Xu, eds. Regional Climate Studies of China. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-79242-0.

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Dennis, Wheeler, and Mayes Julian 1963-, eds. Regional climates of the British Isles. London: Routledge, 1997.

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Requena, José Manuel Castillo. El clima de Andalucía: Clasificación y análisis regional con los tipos. [Almería]: Instituto de Estudios Almerienses, 1989.

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A, Jones J. A., ed. Regional hydrological response to climate change. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1996.

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Jones, J. A. A., Changming Liu, Ming-Ko Woo, and Hsiang-Te Kung, eds. Regional Hydrological Response to Climate Change. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5676-9.

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India, Manola Brunet, and Diego López Bonillo, eds. Detecting and Modelling Regional Climate Change. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04313-4.

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A, Mellouki, Ravishankara, A. R. (Akkiheb Ramaiah), 1949-, and NATO Public Diplomacy Division, eds. Regional climate variability and its impacts in the Mediterranean area. Dordrecht: Springer, 2007.

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Requena, José Manuel Castillo. El clima de Andalucía: Clasificación y análisis regional de los tipos de tiempo. [Almería]: Instituto de Estudios Almerienses, 1989.

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Knight, C. Gregory. Integrated regional assessment of global climate change. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2009.

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Book chapters on the topic "Regional climate"

1

Leung, L. Ruby. "Regional Climate Models regional climate model." In Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology, 8902–19. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0851-3_363.

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Klein, A. H. F. "Regional Climate." In Subtropical Convergence Environments, 5–7. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60467-6_2.

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Alam, Mozaharul, and Puja Sawhney. "Regional Overview." In Springer Climate, 27–40. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99347-8_3.

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Wilby, Robert L., and Hayley J. Fowler. "Regional climate downscaling." In Modelling the Impact of Climate Change on Water Resources, 34–85. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444324921.ch3.

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Scobie, Michelle. "Regional Climate Governance." In Global Encyclopedia of Public Administration, Public Policy, and Governance, 5357–62. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20928-9_2845.

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Surkova, Galina V. "Regional Climate Variability." In The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry, 83–100. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/698_2009_2.

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Zhang, Zhihua. "Regional Climate Change." In Multivariate Time Series Analysis in Climate and Environmental Research, 217–31. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67340-0_7.

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Avissar, Roni, Christopher P. Weaver, David Werth, Roger A. Pielke, Robert Rabin, Andrew J. Pitman, and Maria Assuncão Silva Dias. "The Regional Climate." In Vegetation, Water, Humans and the Climate, 21–32. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18948-7_4.

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Scobie, Michelle. "Regional Climate Governance." In Global Encyclopedia of Public Administration, Public Policy, and Governance, 1–7. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31816-5_2845-1.

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Ahrens, Bodo, and Andreas Dobler. "Regional Climate Projections." In Applied Geoinformatics for Sustainable Integrated Land and Water Resources Management (ILWRM) in the Brahmaputra River basin, 11–15. New Delhi: Springer India, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-1967-5_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Regional climate"

1

"AgMIP Crop Regional Assessments." In ASABE 1st Climate Change Symposium: Adaptation and Mitigation. American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/cc.20152144189.

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"Regional climate change projections for the Tully sugar region." In 20th International Congress on Modelling and Simulation (MODSIM2013). Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand (MSSANZ), Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.36334/modsim.2013.l11.sexton.

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Egorova, Alexandra, and Artyom Uzhegov. "Regional Innovation Climate: Definition and Analysis." In International Conference on Economics, Management and Technologies 2020 (ICEMT 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.200509.049.

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Liou, Kuo-Nan. "Radiative transfer and regional climate change." In RADIATION PROCESSES IN THE ATMOSPHERE AND OCEAN (IRS2012): Proceedings of the International Radiation Symposium (IRC/IAMAS). AIP, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4804701.

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Sequera, Pedro, Osei Rhone, Jorge E. Gonza´lez, Amanuel T. Ghebreegziabher, Robert Bornstein, and Bereket Lebassi. "Impacts of Climate Changes in the Northern Pacific Coast on Related Regional Scale Energy Demands." In ASME 2011 5th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2011-54708.

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Abstract:
For the past few decades sea surface temperatures across the globe have been increasing, causing changes in the global and regional climates. The focus of this study is to determine the impacts of these climate changes in coastal California region and possible linkages to energy infrastructure. The specific goal of this study is to determine the changes in cooling degree days (CDD) for the Northern Pacific Coast of the U.S., with emphasis on the California region for the years 1970 to 2007. Daily, monthly and annual temperature trends in months May, June, July, August and September are used to complement this analysis. Temperature data from more than 300 surface weather stations were obtained from the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC). The work follows recent findings by the authors where the decreasing of maximum summer temperatures in two coastal air basins of California was attributed to the increase in sea breeze flow. This was caused by regional climate changes which led to induced sealand asymmetric warming and referred to as a reverse-reaction of global warming. This study aims to analyze temperature trends along the entire North Pacific Coast and over time, showing how it relates in the same temporal and spatial scales to changes in CDD. Finally, the study explores the possible correlations of decadal trends of CDD with actual summer peak electric utility data demonstrating how regional climate changes are affecting regional energy demands.
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Athar, H., and Z. Sadia. "Mid-Latitude Anticyclones and Climate of Pakistan." In 14th Regional Conference on Mathematical Physics. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789813224971_0031.

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Glebova, Irina. "INVESTMENT POLICY AND INVESTMENT CLIMATE: REGIONAL REALITIES." In 4th International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conference on Social Sciences and Arts SGEM2017. Stef92 Technology, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2017/13/s03.053.

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Wang, Hanjie, and Weilai Shi. "The LULC characterization and regional climate simulation." In Third International Asia-Pacific Environmental Remote Sensing Remote Sensing of the Atmosphere, Ocean, Environment, and Space, edited by Xiaoling Pan, Wei Gao, Michael H. Glantz, and Yoshiaki Honda. SPIE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.465434.

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Nekos, A. N., M. V. Boiaryn, and I. M. Netrobchuk. "Global Climate Change – are There Regional Implications?" In 16th International Conference Monitoring of Geological Processes and Ecological Condition of the Environment. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.2022580158.

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Nissan, Hannah, Jim Clarke, Shirley Oliveira, and Ralf Toumi. "Adapting to Climate Change: A Regional Climate Model Study of the Caucasus." In International Conference on Health, Safety and Environment in Oil and Gas Exploration and Production. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/157430-ms.

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Reports on the topic "Regional climate"

1

MacCracken, M. C. Climate projections with regional resolution. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5518381.

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Bossert, J., J. Winterkamp, F. Barnes, and J. Roads. A coupled regional climate-biosphere model for climate studies. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/215878.

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Bader, D., H. Chin, and P. Caldwell. FY08 LDRD Final Report Regional Climate. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/956849.

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Bala, G., and A. Mirin. Detection and Attribution of Regional Climate Change. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1036845.

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Wang, Wei-Chyung. Study of Regional Climate Change Final Technical Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1497709.

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Lettenmaier, Dennis P. Hydrologic Extremes in a changing climate: how much information can regional climate models provide? Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1111419.

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McNulty, Steven, Sarah Wiener, Emrys Treasure, Jennifer Moore Myers, Hamid Farahani, Lisa Fouladbash, David Marshall, and Rachel F. Steele. Southeast Regional Climate Hub Assessment of Climate Change Vulnerability and Adaptation and Mitigation Strategies. United States. Department of Agriculture, January 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2015.7279978.ch.

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Climate-related variability in rainfall, temperature, and extreme weather (e.g., drought, flood, unseasonal frost) pose significant challenges to working land (i.e., range, forest, and agricultural) managers across the southeastern United States. This document outlines the type of risks that southeastern agriculture and forestry currently face and, in some cases, options to address these risks. Finally, this document looks forward to providing direction on the priority needs of Southeast working land managers and an outline of how the USDA Southeast Climate Hub will address those needs.
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Game, Edward, Craig Groves, Sarah Shafer, Carolyn Enquist, and Steve Schill. Incorporating climate change adaptation into regional cons assessments toda. The Nature Conservancy, November 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3411/col.11020022.

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Baer, Ferdinand, Joseph J. Tribbia, and Mark Taylor. Enhancements to modeling regional climate response and global variability. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/799436.

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Kinter, J. L. III, and J. Shukla. Predictability of global and regional climate variations. Final technical report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/510370.

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