Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Régimes de traitement dynamiques'
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Aliberti, Gerardo. "Caractérisation neutronique des systèmes hybrides en régimes stationnaire et transitoire." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001STR13129.
Full textZhao, Pan. "Topics in causal inférence and policy learning with applications to precision medicine." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Montpellier (2022-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UMONS029.
Full textCausality is a fundamental concept in science and philosophy, and with the increasing complexity of data collection and structure, statistics plays a pivotal role in inferring causes and effects. This thesis delves into advanced causal inference methods, with a focus on policy learning, instrumental variables (IV), and difference-in-differences (DiD) approaches.The IV and DiD methods are critical tools widely used by researchers in fields like epidemiology, medicine, biostatistics, econometrics, and quantitative social sciences. However, these methods often face challenges due to restrictive assumptions, such as the IV's requirement to have no direct effect on the outcome other than through the treatment, and the parallel trends assumption in DiD, which may be violated in the presence of unmeasured confounding.In that context, this thesis introduces an innovative instrumented DiD approach to policy learning, which combines these two natural experiments to relax some of the key assumptions of conventional IV and DiD methods. To the best of our knowledge, the thesis presents the first comprehensive study of policy learning under the DiD setting. The direct policy search approach is proposed to learn optimal policies, based on the conditional average treatment effect estimators using instrumented DiD. Novel identification results for optimal policies under unmeasured confounding are established. Moreover, a range of estimators, including a Wald estimator, inverse probability weighting (IPW) estimators, and semiparametric efficient and multiply robust estimators, are introduced. Theoretical guarantees for these multiply robust policy learning approaches are provided, including the cubic rate of convergence for parametric policies and valid statistical inference with flexible machine learning algorithms for nuisance parameter estimation. These methods are further extended to the panel data setup.The majority of causal inference methods in the literature heavily depend on three standard causal assumptions to identify causal effects and optimal policies. While there has been progress in relaxing the consistency and unconfoundedness assumptions, addressing the violations of the positivity assumption has seen limited advancements.In that context, this thesis presents a novel policy learning framework that does not rely on the positivity assumption, instead focusing on dynamic and stochastic policies that are practical for real-world applications. Incremental propensity score policies, which adjust propensity scores by individualized parameters, are proposed, requiring only the consistency and unconfoundedness assumptions. This approach enhances the concept of incremental intervention effects, adapting it to individualized treatment policy contexts, and employs semiparametric theory to develop efficient influence functions and debiased machine learning estimators. Methods to optimize policy by maximizing the value function under specific constraints are also introduced.Additionally, the optimal individualized treatment regime (ITR) learned from a source population may not generalize well to a target population due to covariate shifts. A transfer learning framework is proposed for ITR estimation in heterogeneous populations with right-censored survival data, which is common in clinical studies and motivated by medical applications. This framework characterizes the efficient influence function (EIF) and proposes a doubly robust estimator for the targeted value function, accommodating a broad class of survival distribution functionals. For a pre-specified class of ITRs, a cubic rate of convergence for the estimated parameter indexing the optimal ITR is established. The use of cross-fitting procedures ensures the consistency and asymptotic normality of the proposed optimal value estimator, even with flexible machine learning methods for nuisance parameter estimation
Laforest, Tacchini Valérie. "La procédure de traitement du surendettement à l'épreuve des régimes matrimoniaux." Chambéry, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998CHAMD001.
Full textThe spouse plays a disturbing role in the procedure of over- indebtedness, this phenomenon depends on the existence of the matrimonial bond between two individuals who can't be considered unfamiliar. When the spouses come in together in the procedure appears a common will to remedy at a situation of overindebtedness however hindrances will arise sometimes, going against of this will if one of them is excluded because of his quality of professionnal or because he is in bad faith. The global treatment, if it is faciliting the work of the instances who are treating the overindebtedness musn't evade the fact that the seekers are two individuals who can have different aspirations. In this way, one of them will be about to take personal initiatives in the procedure, won't execute the obligations of the procedure, or will execute forbidden deeds who will compromise the procedure of overindebtedness. Nethertheless, difficulties are more considerable when one spouse come on in the procedure of overindebtedness. He can cause a crashing into the procedures when the other spouse wishes to start a collective procedure of the same type. The existence of the matrimonial system complicates the development of the procedure. It plays a disturbing role as for the examination of the situation of overindebtedness of the seeker. He will allow the credito to sue the spouse outside of the procedure, and put in danger the procedure. The matrimonial rules permit at each spouse to have some proxies who will in some circonstancies, thwart the normal issue of the procedure. They will however play a regulating role because they plan limits at the contract of the overindebted but it offer also all an arsenal of arrangements to manage the crisis in the couple
Stolz, Christophe. "Fonctions optiques dynamiques pour le traitement de l'information." Mulhouse, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MULH0614.
Full textMouzaoui, Lounès. "Régimes asymptotiques pour l'équation de Schrödinger non linéaire non locale." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON20241/document.
Full textThis thesis is devoted to the study of some asymptotic regimes of the semi-classical Schrödinger equation, in the presence of a nonlocal nonlinearity of Hartree-type . The purpose of the first part, consisting of the first and second chapter is the study of the asymptotic behavior of the previous model with a singular kernel around the origin for an initial data asymptotically of WKB-type, in a weakly nonlinear regime. In the first chapter we show that under some regularity conditions on the initial data, the solution still is of WKB-type at leading order, a result that we get in the functional framework of the Wiener algebra . We give an alternative proof to the previous result in the particular case of the Schrödinger-Poisson equation in the functional framework of rescaled Sobolev space, where the consideration of correctors is necessary to construct an approximate solution to describe the solution at leading order.The second part of this thesis, the subject of the third chapter is devoted to the study the propagation of wave packets for a coupled system of Hartree equations in a semi-classical regime , in the presence of sub-quadratic external potentials. We describe analytically and numerically the asymptotic behavior of the leading order of the wave functions solution of the system, for an initial data in the form of wave packets for different sizes of nonlinearity.The final part consists of the fourth chapter and appendix.In the fourth chapter we consider the Cauchy problem of the Hartree equation with a homogeneous kernel or of Fourier transform in a Lebesgue space, in the functional framework of the Wiener algebra. We show some results on the well-posedness of the problem for the considered kernels, in spaces involving the Wiener algebra.We conclude with an appendix in which we consider the Cauchy problem for the Schrödinger-Poisson equation in the presence of a time independent external potential in the weighted Sobolev spaces. We extend the results already obtained on the existence of global solutions in Sobolev spaces without weight when the external potential is reduced to zero, by showing the existence of global solutions in time in the weighted Sobolev spaces for all regularity
Meunier-Guttin-Cluzel, Siegfried. "Caractérisations et modélisations des régimes chaotiques de la lentille thermique." Rouen, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990ROUES046.
Full textNajman, Laurent. "Morphologie mathématique, systèmes dynamiques et applications au traitement des images." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de Marne la Vallée, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00715406.
Full textVoillequin, Baptiste. "Contribution à l’histoire de la catalyse en France (1944-2004) : dynamiques disciplinaires et régimes de production de savoir." Paris 10, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA100130.
Full textThis dissertation describes the emergence of a science of catalysis in France in the second half of the twentieth century. Following various advances in catalytic technology between 1930 and 1950, and in relation with oil industries, academic research on catalysis was strongly supported by the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique from 1944 onwards. Until the mid 1980s, three distinct research schools promoted catalysis as an academic discipline in France. The Institut de recherches sur la catalyse headed by Marcel Prettre, founded in 1958 and equipped with sophisticated, soon gained national and international recognitions. In spite of this hegemony, the Institut français du pétrole and the research team conducted by Jean-Eugène Germain in Lille developed alternative and complementary research programs. In the 1970s, the focus on energetic and later environmental issues contributed to blur the boundaries between the three research schools. Under the leadership of Raymond Maurel, a single French community gradually emerged, reunified around the issue of “sustainable development” and cemented by the founder myth of Paul Sabatier. A new profile of catalysis emerged over the past decades, which no longer belongs to the disciplinary regime of academic science. Interdisciplinary research has been conducted in close relation with industrial demands and major geopolitical stakes. Thus catalysis became a paradigmatic case of technoscience
Petit, Charles. "Étude de la cinétique d’électrodéposition du zinc et des alliages de zinc en régime dynamique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024LORR0046.
Full textIn the OCTG (Oil Country Tubular Goods) field, the columns used to extract oil or gas from wells are made of tubes screwed together. The screwed part, called the connection, is designed to guarantee the tightness of the joints during use. To do this, the connection has a specific design, with very precise tolerances to be guaranteed. Surface treatments are applied to the connections to protect them during storage and screwdriving operations. This thesis addresses the use of zinc and its alloys, particularly ZnNi, for OCTG applications as sacrificial protective coatings. The electroplating of zinc-nickel is crucial today, but it faces environmental challenges. Vallourec uses a specific process for the treatment of the threaded connections of its tubes, therefore the challenge is to anticipate the impact of the process on other types of sacrificial coatings. Consequently, this thesis highlights the need to understand and optimize the electroplating process of zinc alloys, to meet industrial needs. This work made it possible to understand the mechanisms of electrodeposition of zinc alloys, based on electrochemical studies (e.g. voltamperometry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy) and characterizations of the deposited layers (e.g. SEM-EDX, XRD, stresses, adhesion, etc.). These studies were carried out with several types of baths, in chloride and sulfate medium, highlighting the influence of the electrolytic composition, but also of the surface preparation on the electrochemical behavior of the electrolytes. An alternative solution, based on zinc and chromium III, was also studied in a sulfate medium to understand the mechanisms common to the different deposits in a dynamic process. Finally, experimental plans made it possible to define the significant operating conditions (anode/cathode surface ratio, current density, velocity and temperature) on the kinetics of electrodeposition, thus allowing Vallourec to predict the distribution of its deposits on connection, but also to study the impact on the mechanical and microstructural properties of alloys and on burning phenomena in dynamic regime
Ingueza, Hervé. "Dynamiques des champs politiques locaux au Gabon : Contribution à l'analyse de l'intégration politique." Bordeaux 4, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR40024.
Full textThe political trajectory of the Gabonese State can be read through three phrases of time : the time of apprenticeship and appropriation of political participation mechanisms (1946-1967), the time of political exclusiveness proposed by a unique Gabonese party (1968-1990), and the time of the democratic revival intervening from 1990. Throughout that configuration, our work enables to set the practice of local spaces within a perspective of political intégration. In such a context, besides the State dimension which identifies their nature, the political structure building of those local spaces fits into logical schemes of control and legitimation. Those elements condition contractual outlines of the articulation between the central power and local spaces. Whether they are conceived as spaces of the centre's extension and domination, or as spaces of conquest and visibility for antagonist political forces, relational modes are marked by the structural characteristics of the Gabonese State (which is indeed a centralized and Jacobin one). Structurally determined by local contigencies, and otherwise marked by attempts of political neutralization, Gabonese local political fields are characterized by an elective practice and insert themselves in a mode of captation controlled by the central power. In 1990, the central power domination was weakened by the democratic renewal. In that context dominated by the rise of new political forces, local fields crystallize political life in Gabon. On the one hand, the frenzied increase in number of administrative units brings about fresh spaces of political competition. After the saying "divide and rule", one discovers a new political axiom which is : "split and share". On the other hand, those places are bound to the State by means of its organization in several levels of administration and the geography of its hegemony. The State survives and thrives as long as it can maintain the territorial coalition of those places which provide it with a geographical shape. The State depends on the support of those places, which inversely also depend on the centre's political influence. The political continuity of the Gabonese system is implemented by the investment of local spaces acting as places of legitimation and getting round concerning a controlled political protest
Manhès, Isabelle. "Traitement diététique de l'obésité : utilité de l'enquête alimentaire et de l'hospitalisation : étude rétrospective dans une population de 68 obèses." Montpellier 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON11156.
Full textLapre, Coraline. "Caractérisation des régimes de stabilité et instabilité des lasers à soliton dissipatif avec dynamiques soliton-similariton et régénération Mamyshev." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UBFCD053.
Full textModelocked ultrafast lasers producing picosecond and sub-picosecond pulses are well known to exhibit a very rich landscape of nonlinear dynamics that are of tremendous interest from both fundamental and applied perspectives. Although such instabilities from ultrafast laser have been studied for many decades, the recent development of advanced photonic measurement techniques has opened up new perspectives into their analysis. In this thesis, we report a detailed experimental study of the complex dynamical regimes of two different optical fibre laser systems operating around 1550 nm: a soliton-similariton laser, and a Mamyshev oscillator. In both cases, we use the time-frequency technique of frequency resolved optical gating for complete intensity and chirp characterisation in stable regimes of operation, and the real-time dispersive Fourier transform method to characterize shot-to-shot spectral fluctuations. For the particular case of the soliton-similariton laser, stable operation yields from 7 to 10 ps pulses of 30~nm spectral width and 0,32 mW average output power at 9,5 MHz. Instabilities seen in the soliton-similariton laser include novel startup, the generation of coupled soliton molecules, the emergence of complex intermittence and chaos, and the appearance of multipulse states. For the case of the Mamyshev oscillator, stable operation yields from 3 to 5 ps pulses of 90 à 100 nm spectral width and ~4 mW average output power at 6,37 MHz. We also present results on the characterization of the Noise-Like Pulse regime of the soliton-similariton laser with the addition of highly nonlinear fiber in the cavity, which generates broadband output spanning 1000 nm. As well as presenting a range of experimental results, numerical simulations are used to gain insight into the operation of the laser systems studied
Gravier, Etienne. "Etude expérimentale des régimes dynamiques des ondes de dérive dans un plasma magnétisé de laboratoire. Contrôle du chaos spatio-tempore." Nancy 1, 1999. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_1999_0007_GRAVIER.pdf.
Full textAynaud, Thomas. "Détection de communautés dans les réseaux dynamiques." Paris 6, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066438.
Full textMost complex networks have a particular structure in which nodes are arranged in groups, called communities, with many internal links but only a few between them. The identification of communities gives insights on the structure of the graph and is important in many contexts. We will study this structure in the case of dynamic networks using two different approaches. The first approach consists in tracking communities over time by detecting them at every timestep and following their evolution. We will see that although very natural, this approach raises many questions of stability: the algorithms tend to change their results a lot even if the network changes only a little. This implies that the observed changes in the communities are in fact related to the algorithm and not to real transformations in network structure. We therefore propose an analysis of the instability of three algorithms and a solution to the instability. The second approach consists in detecting the community structure not just for a moment but for a period of time called the time window. The length of the time window is then a crucial problem and we propose a hierachical time segmentation method in time windows. Moreover, the time windows do not have to be contiguous allowing for example to detect a repeating structure. Finally, we conclude with applications to event detection on the Internet and segmentation of videos. We will show that we can detect events by finding the times when the structure changes abruptly. For the segmentation of videos, we also had stability issues and thus we have developed a more stable tracking and detection algorithm
Deléchelle, Éric. "Analyse de scènes dynamiques : détection du mouvement fondée sur un modèle d'interaction électrique." Paris 12, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA120066.
Full textNguyen, Thanh Tuan. "Représentations efficaces des textures dynamiques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulon, 2020. https://bu.univ-tln.fr/files/userfiles/file/intranet/travuniv/theses/sciences/2020/2020_Nguyen_ThanhTuan.pdf.
Full textRepresentation of dynamic textures (DTs), well-known as a sequence of moving textures, is a challenge in video analysis for various computer vision applications. It is partly due to disorientation of motions, the negative impacts of the well-known issues on capturing turbulent features: noise, changes of environment, illumination, similarity transformations, etc. In this work, we introduce significant solutions in order to deal with above problems. Accordingly, three streams of those are proposed for encoding DTs: i) based on dense trajectories extracted from a given video; ii) based on robust responses extracted by moment models; iii) based on filtered outcomes which are computed by variants of Gaussian-filtering kernels. In parallel, we also propose several discriminative descriptors to capture spatio-temporal features for above DT encodings. For DT representation based on dense trajectories, we firstly extract dense trajectories from a given video. Motion points along the paths of dense trajectories are then encoded by our xLVP operator, an important extension of Local Vector Patterns (LVP) in a completed encoding context, in order to capture directional dense-trajectory-based features for DT representation.For DT description based on moment models, motivated by the moment-image model, we propose a novel model of moment volumes based on statistical information of spherical supporting regions centered at a voxel. Two these models are then taken into account video analysis to point out moment-based images/volumes. In order to encode the moment-based images, we address CLSP operator, a variant of completed local binary patterns (CLBP). In the meanwhile, our xLDP, an important extension of Local Derivative Patterns (LDP) in a completed encoding context, is introduced to capture spatio-temporal features of the moment-volume-based outcomes. For DT representation based on the Gaussian-based filterings, we will investigate many kinds of filterings as pre-processing analysis of a video to point out its filtered outcomes. After that, these outputs are encoded by discriminative operators to structure DT descriptors correspondingly. More concretely, we exploit the Gaussian-based kernel and variants of high-order Gaussian gradients for the filtering analysis. Particularly, we introduce a novel filtering kernel (DoDG) in consideration of the difference of Gaussian gradients, which allows to point out robust DoDG-filtered components to construct prominent DoDG-based descriptors in small dimension. In parallel to the Gaussian-based filterings, some novel operators will be introduced to meet different contexts of the local DT encoding: CAIP, an adaptation of CLBP to fix the close-to-zero problem caused by separately bipolar features; LRP, based on a concept of a square cube of local neighbors sampled at a center voxel; CHILOP, a generalized formulation of CLBP to adequately investigate local relationships of hierarchical supporting regions. Experiments for DT recognition have validated that our proposals significantly perform in comparison with state of the art. Some of which have performance being very close to deep-learning approaches, expected as one of appreciated solutions for mobile applications due to their simplicity in computation and their DT descriptors in a small number of bins
Casal, Véronique. "Traitement diététique de l'obésité : résultats d'une prescription fondée sur les données de la calorimétrie indirecte et recherche de facteurs pronostiques." Montpellier 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON11004.
Full textPiriou, Gwenaëlle Bouthémy Patrick. "Modélisation statistique du mouvement dans des séquences d'images pour la reconnaissance de contenus dynamiques." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. ftp://ftp.irisa.fr/techreports/theses/2005/piriou.pdf.
Full textVicente, Jérôme (1970. "Caractérisation de phénomènes dynamiques complexes par traitement d'images : application à la reconnaissance des fumées." Aix-Marseille 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX11054.
Full textRanisavljević, Elisabeth. "Cloud computing appliqué au traitement multimodal d’images in situ pour l’analyse des dynamiques environnementales." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU20128/document.
Full textAnalyzing landscape, its dynamics and environmental evolutions require regular data from the sites, specifically for glacier mass balanced in Spitsbergen and high mountain area. Due to poor weather conditions including common heavy cloud cover at polar latitudes, and because of its cost, daily satellite imaging is not always accessible. Besides, fast events like flood or blanket of snow is ignored by satellite based studies, since the slowest sampling rate is unable to observe it. We complement satellite imagery with a set of ground based autonomous automated digital cameras which take 3 pictures a day. These pictures form a huge database. Each picture needs many processing to extract the information (geometric modifications, atmospheric disturbances, classification, etc). Only computer science is able to store and manage all this information. Cloud computing, being more accessible in the last few years, offers as services IT resources (computing power, storage, applications, etc.). The storage of the huge geographical data could, in itself, be a reason to use cloud computing. But in addition to its storage space, cloud offers an easy way to access , a scalable architecture and a modularity in the services available. As part of the analysis of in situ images, cloud computing offers the possibility to set up an automated tool to process all the data despite the variety of disturbances and the data volume. Through decomposition of image processing in several tasks, implemented as web services, the composition of these services allows us to adapt the treatment to the conditions of each of the data
Atipo, Anatole. "Étude expérimentale des régimes dynamiques des ondes d'ionisation dans un plasma de décharge luminescente : mise en œuvre de techniques de contrôle du chaos." Nancy 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998NAN10309.
Full textKuwahara, Takuya. "Caractérisation des régimes d'écoulement diphasique gaz-liquide par fluide magnétique : appareillage, mesures, traitement du signal et analyse de données." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ECAP1064.
Full textDumont, Jérôme. "Fouille de dynamiques multivariées : application à des données temporelles en cardiologie." Rennes 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008REN1S078.
Full textThis manuscript focuses on the problem of analysing dynamics of time series observed in cardiology. The proposed solution is divided into two steps. The first one consists in the extraction of useful information from the ECG by segmenting each beat with a wavelet decomposition algorithmn, adapted from the litterature. The difficult problem of optimising both thresholds and time windows is solved with evolutionary algorithms. The second step relies on Hidden Semi-Markovian models to represent the time series made up of the extracted variables. An algorithm of unsupervised classification is proposed to retrieve the natural groups. The application of this method to the detection of ischemic episodes and to the analysis of stress ECG from patients suffering from Brugada syndrome presents a higher performance than more tradionnal approaches
Geslot, Benoît. "Contribution au développement d’un système de mesure multimode pour des mesures neutroniques dynamiques et traitement des incertitudes associées." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2006. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2006/GESLOT_Benoit_2006.pdf.
Full textIt is difficult to estimate integral reactor parameters, especially reactivity, in deeply subcritical cores. Indeed the standard neutronic methods have been designed for near critical reactivity levels and they often need a critical reference. This thesis takes part in the research on ADS (Accelerated Driven Systems), for which the multiplication coefficient would be about 0. 95. The rst part of the thesis deals with the development of the XMODE system. It is a exible measurement system dedicated to experiments in neutronics. X-MODE is capable of acquiring logical signals particularly in time-stamping mode as well as analogical signals. The second part of the thesis presents a statistical study of the methods used to analyse ux transients. Indeed a lot of methods exist to analyse ux transients and some are little known. Means to estimate caracteristics of reactivity estimators are provided, methods compared and recommandations made. Finally, the dynamic measurements of the TRADE program are analysed and discussed. During this program, three subcritical congurations were explored. It appears that pulsed neutron source experiments give reactivity estimations that are much more precise than those obtained from ux transients
Piriou, Gwenaëlle. "Modélisation statistique du mouvement dans des séquences d'images pour la reconnaissance de contenus dynamiques." Rennes 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005REN1S092.
Full textGrave, Bruno. "Formes, dynamiques identitaires et professionnelles des chefs d'établissements privés du 1er degré : une typologie d'entretiens à partir de régimes de temporalités formatives et professionnelles." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MON30041/document.
Full textThe private Catholic school system, unlike the public one, gave the primary school Head teachers, the status of primary school Headmasters, by assigning them greater responsibilities. A professional title listed on the National Register of Professional Certifications (RNCP) (2015) validates their initial training. It took nearly forty years to move from the recognition of a teacher in charge of the direction of a school (1976) to the creation of the position of Headmaster (2006-2010). The evolution went on progressively supported by issues of several institutional and legislative texts. Our dissertation aims at understanding how these institutional changes impacted the Headmasters’ identity dynamics over those forty years. Professional development is part of a social time that is why the processing of the material collected as comprehensive/biographical interviews is based on a compound method of analysis that used what has been called “sets of professional and training temporalities”. This method derives from the concept of “set of historicity” borrowed from the philosophy of history. A corpus of twelve interviews has been processed with this method. This inductive approach (grounded theory) leads to the creation of a typology of the identity forms of the primary school Headmasters according to a set of professional and training temporalities and it also expresses their different identity dynamics. The whole study is part of a comprehensive and phenomenological approach of the professional development of these primary school Headmasters which should be considered here as the emergence of a new professional group.Keywords: Professional development – professional group – Headmaster – professional identity – professional dynamics – identity dynamics – sets of historicity – social temporalities – sets of professional and training temporalities
Buniet, Laurent. "Traitement automatique de la parole en milieu bruité : étude de modèles connexionnistes statiques et dynamiques." Phd thesis, Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I, 1997. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00629285.
Full textBuniet, Laurent. "Traitement automatique de la parole en milieu bruité : Etude de modèles connexionnistes statiques et dynamiques." Nancy 1, 1997. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_1997_0181_BUNIET.pdf.
Full textSepúlveda, Palma Francisco Hernán. "Déformation de champs thermiques et traitement d’images infrarouges. Application à la caractérisation de systèmes dynamiques." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INPT036G/document.
Full textThe modern infrared cameras allow the measurement of thermal fields and their temporal evolution. Infrared images processing is suitable to analyze the thermal signature of moving objects or fluid flows. In this context, we made the study of three different experiments. The first one is relative to infrared tracking of randomly moving balls and then estimate their thermal exchanges with the environment by the estimation of some characteristic time. In the second case we made a comparison between two fluids which flow inside a microchannel in order to determine the relative changes of thermal properties. The last application was to estimate a thermal diffusivity field with a mobile heat source
Stelmaszyk, Patrick. "Analyse de scènes dynamiques par recherche des contours des objets en mouvement : application à l'automatisation d'un tramway." Lille 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985LIL10113.
Full textArrais, Marouan. "Stimulation cérébrale multi-sites : modèles dynamiques et applications aux crises d'épilepsie." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020REN1S055.
Full textMore than 17 million epileptic patients worldwide are not effectively relieved by medication. For these patients, electrical stimulation of the brain is a promising technique for stopping recurrent seizures that disrupt their daily lives. However, the effects of electrical stimulation on brain activity are not yet well understood. In addition, the stimulation parameters are often chosen empirically, based on trial-and-error approach, which limits the effectiveness of this therapy. In this thesis, we aim, using bio-inspired computational models and mathematical methods derived from the theory of dynamical systems, to design an optimal stimulation capable of attenuating or even suppressing epileptic brain activity
Deghdegh, Khireddine. "Étude des paramètres du signal E. M. G. Associé à des exercices dynamiques : caractérisation de la fatigue lors de tests sur cycloergomètre." Lyon 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LYO10107.
Full textSanchez-Soto, Eduardo. "Réseaux Bayésiens Dynamiques pour la Vérification du Locuteur." Phd thesis, Télécom ParisTech, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011440.
Full textGros-Désormeaux, Harry Stéphane. "Décentralisation pair-à-pair du paradigme maître-esclave dans les environnements distribués hétérogènes et dynamiques." Antilles-Guyane, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AGUY0188.
Full textThe master-slave paradigm is a well-known method used in the Parallelism domain. It works as follow : a process which possesses the whole work, divides it in jobs and distributes the parts to computational resources. We leverage this scheme in order to tackle the test sequence generation in a distributed environment. Indeed, testing is a fundamental field, notably used for communication protocols whose specifications are very large. A first approach to deal with this problem is given using distributed environments. Our framework, written in java, leverages JXTA library and propose several data distributions to cope with dynamic and heterogeneous environments. Our solution is shown as an alternative to the simplification of very large specifications, generally used, in order to cope with the test sequence generation. However, the master-slave paradigm exhibits the traditional drawbacks of central applications. Specific decentralization schemes are designed in a first time to limit them. Then, the master-slave. Paradigm is transformed to be used with large scale peer-to- eer environments
Charron, Vanessa. "Dermatite herpétiforme, régime sans gluten et traitement thérapeutique par Disulone (R)." Bordeaux 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR2P029.
Full textOussous, Nour-Eddine. "Etude et traitement des séries formelles non commutatives, pour la représentation minimale des systèmes dynamiques non linéaires." Lille 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LIL10136.
Full textBosnjak, Seminario Antonio. "Segmentation et modélisation dynamiques : application à la reconstruction 3D d'images échocardiographiques." Rennes 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003REN10018.
Full textVieren, Christophe. "Segmentation de scènes dynamiques en temps réel : application au traiyement de séquences d'images pour la surveillance de carrefours routiers." Lille 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LIL10029.
Full textHabte, Haileleoul Sahle. "Modélisation par éléments finis de structures tubulaires métalliques comme composites écrasées axialement sous des régimes de charge quasi-statiques et dynamiques utilisées comme systèmes d’absorption d'énergie." Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019CERG1022.
Full textCurrently, we can find many of transportation means of different forms and quantity to satisfy the high demand of human’s mobility and goods transportation. And, this transportation means can be considered as one of the pillars for human to do their tasks efficiently, and by large an important development tool for a country. These engineered products, during the service period, may encounter unexpected crush/collusion with foreign object or one to another. Each of these events would make catastrophic damage to product and harm to human. As such these products need to integrate components as safety tool, and application of energy dissipating systems comes to this front.This work focused on a numerical modeling of innovative non-conventional energy dissipating systems developed and tested experimentally in (Abdul-Latif et al, 2017) to enhance their energy absorption capacity. The basic concept utilized the axial plastic buckling of right-circular mild steel like composite tubes with various case-hardened patterns. Such a heat treatment has been applied on 15% of the outer surface with a depth of 0.5 mm. In this work, a nonlinear finite element modeling was conducted describing the response of such tubes targeting particularly their behavior along the tube thickness.Simulation software ABAQUS 6.14 was used the analysis the tubes plastic buckling due quasi-static and dynamic load. Parameters used in the non-linear finite element analysis were kept identical. Hence, a target of developing a common design platform (numerical simulation procedures) attained.The nonlinear finite element analysis was done first on the conventional tube and followed by non-conventional tubes. The non-conventional tubes, four case-hardened patterns of 2, 3, 4 and 5 rings and two other patterns of 2 and 3 vertical strips were modeled and simulated.For shell element representing a thin-tube, S4R shell element of 1 mm size was used looking for an accurate mesh convergence. Apart from the “as-received” material used for conventional tube, material behaviors for hard and soft were modeled for non-conventional tube. Elastic-plastic with strain hardening and strain-rate effect were adopted for material modeling respect to the different loading rate conditions. A surface interaction with normal pressure and a dry friction was highlighted by the contact between the tube surface-to-surface and the tube-to-rigid bodies. Initial geometry imperfection was integrated to initially trigger and mitigate the deformations.Simulation results of conventional and non-conventional tubes on deformation processes and load-displacement curve were examined and compared to experimental findings. Results were fairly matched. More, results of mean collapse load, energy absorption and crush load efficiency were reviewed. A maximum of 11.2 percentile error was recorded by 4R under dynamic buckling among all studies.Moreover, a numerical design platform with several new case-hardened patterns was proposed. These proposals compose a family of new ring and vertical strip case-hardened zones (6R, 4V), a mixed ring and vertical strip case-hardened zones (3R3V, 3R4V, 4R4V), and a matrix of rectangular or circular case-harden zones (9R_WH, 12R_HW, 12R_WH, 12C, 9C). Among the latter, patterns 3R3V showed better energy absorption capacities, in both quasi-static and dynamic buckling simulation, than the others even for those observed experimentally. In face the energy absorption gain for 3R3V was recorded 42% by quasi-static and 18.7% for dynamic simulations. Apart from adopting different test stroke length of 50mm and 40mm for quasi-static and dynamic simulation, respectively, a big percentile gap may be raised due to a need for using complex constitutive equation for hard and soft with strain rate dependent behavior
Lacroix, Magali. "Variations qualitatives & quantitatives de l’apport en protéines laitières chez l’animal & l’homme : implications métaboliques." Paris, AgroParisTech, 2008. http://pastel.paristech.org/5227/01/These-manuscrit.pdf.
Full textLe, Maguéresse Thierry. "Identification de systèmes multi-entrées dynamiques linéaires à partir de mesures in situ : application à la thermique des contenants et des composants électroniques." Brest, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BRES2001.
Full textKhalfallah, Sofiane. "Algorithmique best-effort pour les réseaux dynamiques." Compiègne, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010COMP1889.
Full textMany problems are open in the design of distributed applications (mobility, ad hoc communication, wireless technology, etc. ). We focus our work on a specific case study of dynamic networks, which is Vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANET). We first establish a state-of-the-art for this field based on the European projects in the VANETs. Second, we model the IEEE 802. 11 standard that tends to be a standard for mobile communication. Best-effort algorithmics allowing to complete the concept of auto-stabilization in the management of dynamic networks are presented. For that aim, we introduce the concept of service continuity. This concept is close to the super-stabilization. We believe that the idea of metrics studying dynamic topologies is important (as the notion of duration of a continuous round). The proposed algorithm works in dynamic and distributed systems. It globally ensures a kind of service continuity to applications while the system is still converging, except if a huge number of topology changes happen. After that, we present our contributions in the Airplug software, as well as in the design and the implementation of a complete platform for performance evaluation and fast prototyping of best-effort protocols. An implementation is done of the distributed protocol GRP to estimate its performances in the Airplug-ns mode. Finally, we propose appropriate metrics that describe the stability of groups in order to evaluate the performance of our protocol
Danoy, Grégoire. "Uneapproche multi-agent pour les algorithmes génétiques coévolutionnaires hybrides et dynamiques : modèle d'organisation multi-agent et mise en oeuvre sur des problèmes métiers." Saint-Etienne, EMSE, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/78/56/95/PDF/2008_these_G_Danoy.pdf.
Full textIn this dissertation we assert that modeling Coevolutionary Genetic Algorithms (CGAs) as organizational multi-agent systems overcomes the lack of explicitness at the level of the algorithms structure, interactions and adaptation to existing models and platforms. We therefore introduce MAS4EVO, Multi-Agent Systems for EVolutionary Optimization, a new agent (re-)organizational model based on Moise+ and dedicated to evolutionary optimization. This model was used to describe existing CGAs as well as to build two new variants, hybrid and dynamic, of a competitive CGA. MAS4EVO is implemented in DAFO (Distributed Agent Framework for Optimization) which permits the use, the manipulation and the distribution of these CGAs, on hard optimization problems. The CGAs experimentations were conducted on two business problems, the first one being an inventory management problem and the second one being a new topology control problem in wireless ad hoc networks
Veillon, Lise-Marie. "Apprentissage artificiel collectif ; aspects dynamiques et structurels." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCD004/document.
Full textCollective learning in multi-agent systems considers how a community of autonomous agents sharing a learning purpose may benefit from exchanging information to learn efficiently as a community as well as individuals. The community forms a communication network where each agent may accesses observations, called learning examples. This thesis is based on a former protocol, SMILE (Sound-Multi-agent-Incremental-LEarning), which sets up parsimonious examples and hypotheses exchanges between agents. In a fully connected community, this protocol guarantees an agent’s hypothesis takes into account all the examples obtained by the community. Some sequential protocols add propagation to SMILE in order to extend this consistency guarantee to other connected networks. This thesis contribution to the artificial collective learning field is two fold.First, we investigate the influence of network structures on learning in networks when communication is limited to neighbourhood without further information propagation. Second, we present and analyze a new protocol, Waves, with SMILE’s guarantees and a more dynamic learning process thanks to its execution in parallel. The evaluation of this protocol in a simple turn-based setting gives the opportunity to improve it here in multiple ways. It is however meant to be used with online learning without any restriction on the acquisition rate of new examples, neither on speed nor number
Causeret, Maxime. "Peindre avec des matières dynamiques : les systèmes procéduraux pour la création et l'expérimentation artistique." Paris 8, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA083960.
Full textFor over twenty years, special effects in film drastically changed with the ever increasing tools dealing with digital images (image synthesis and image processing). The latter accurately simulate materials such as fire, smoke or even water. This study investigates the innovative potential of procedural techniques to paint with dynamic materials. Through creations and experiments, I created my own materials which I used and adapted to propose new graphics and narratives alternatives. Through the study of many film productions, I analyze how the state-of-the-art techniques work. Beyond physical and realistic simulations I provide the artists with adequate ways to play with these dynamic materials for any creative purpose. I propose new creations and experimentations following various research topics. Firstly, I investigate the portraits using dynamic materials to picture the face in motion. The point is to analyze the 3D scene and then to control the materials through interactions that follow dedicated workflows. Secondly, I study how these dynamics systems could be linked to music in order to produce novel creative choreographies. Following these studies, I attempt to paint the motion recorded from data acquisition using new analysis processes I proposed. Finally, I play freely with this procedural material setting it at the very heart of the process
Dumont, Jerome. "Fouille de dynamiques multivariées, application à des données temporelles en cardiologie." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00364720.
Full textSchaeffer, Eric. "Modèles régularisés locaux pour l'analyse de scènes dynamiques : application au traitement d'images et à la mécanique des fluides." Toulouse, ENSAE, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ESAE0017.
Full textAzamberti, Yves. "Caractérisation thermique par traitement numérique d'images obtenues à partir de cristaux liquides : études dynamiques sur des composants électroniques." Aix-Marseille 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX30053.
Full textMESSINA, NATHALIE. "Specification de systemes dynamiques et contribution a leur implementation prouvee sur des processeurs de traitement du signal (dsp)." Nice, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998NICE5183.
Full textOussous, Nour-Eddine. "Etude et traitement des séries formelles non commutatives pour le calcul de la représentation minimale des systèmes dynamiques." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376172433.
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