Journal articles on the topic 'Reg. areas'
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1
Antonova, Natalia. "Opportunities for Development of Non-Row Export in the Forest Complex of Border Areas." Regionalistica 6, no. 3 (2019): 31–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.14530/reg.2019.3.31.
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Tikonova, Tatyana, and Vitaly Seniawski. "Measurement of Specially Protected Areas Contribution to Valuation of Adjusted Net Accumulations (Case Study of the Komi Republic)." Regionalistica 7, no. 5 (2020): 53–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.14530/reg.2020.5.53.
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The focus of the study is to assess resource efficiency by adjusting net savings through the effective use of resources in specially protected natural areas. On a regional example, calculations of ecosystem services and the added value of specially protected natural areas from the point of view of tourist destruction are justified and carried out, as well as an integrated approach to their assessment
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Machineski, Gabriela S., Andrea S. Scaramal, Maria A. Matos, Jonatas F. Langame, Giovana G. Gaiser, Oswaldo Machineski, and Arnaldo Colozzi Filho. "Agronomic Efficiency of Signum Inoculant in Pre-inoculation of Soybean at 35 and 20 Days Before Sowing in Treated Seeds." Journal of Agricultural Science 14, no. 6 (May 15, 2022): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v14n6p141.
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Pre-inoculating soybean seeds can make sowing faster and provide additional benefits to farmers. However, it needs to guarantee the nitrogen supply to maintain the viability and sustainability of the technique. In this study, we evaluated the agronomic efficiency of SIGNUM® inoculant in the pre-inoculation at 20 and 35 days before sowing chemically treated soybean seeds. Experiments were conducted in four field experiments located at Paraná, Brazil, with a history of soybean cultivation managed under no-tillage systems, with crop rotation according to regional edaphoclimatic conditions. Agronomic efficiency in fields were compared with standard inoculation with a registered product used by farmers. Chemical treatment of soybean seeds with Standak Top® or Maxin XL® + Cruiser® associated with pre-inoculation of the inoculant SIGNUM® for 25 and 30 days reduced the concentration of viable Bradyrhizobium cells recovered from seeds. However, no significant difference was observed regarding nodulation, biological nitrogen fixation, and yield between the soybean inoculated with standard inoculation on farm or pre-inoculation with SIGNUM® in most studied areas.
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Sharypova, Olga, Natalya Galtseva, and Oksana Favstritskaya. "Key Aspects of Socio-Economic Development of Municipalities of the Magadan Region." Regionalistica 10, no. 6 (2023): 79–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.14530/reg.2023.6.79.
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A serious problem of the Magadan region – the northern region of resource specialization with a leading gold mining industry – during the development of market relations is the ongoing process of devastation of the territory. In order to identify spatial transformations at the level of municipalities in the region, a retrospective analysis of changes in 1990–2020 in key areas of the economy and social sphere was carried out. The specific features of the transformations in the municipal context are: large-scale outflow of population from the areas of the main type of activity; the formation of an urban agglomeration (82% of the population of the region); changes in the spatial localization of economic activity and budgetary self-sufficiency due to the beginning of the development of ore deposits of precious metals by the shift method; deterioration of the standard of living of the population
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Krasnopolski, Boris. "Infrastructure Platform for the Formation of Economic Interactions in the Far Eastern Arctic: The Role of State Regulation." Regionalistica 9, no. 4 (2022): 49–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.14530/reg.2022.4.49.
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The article deals with theoretical and methodological issues of the influence of various research approaches to improving the techniques and methods of state regulation of intersectoral / interregional relations and proportions in the areas of primary development of the natural resource potential of the Far Eastern Arctic. Emphasis is placed on the role of infrastructural elements of natural and economic formations, the advanced formation of which acts as a kind of «core», a «framework» for the consistent development of regional complexes, their system formation, self-survival and ensuring economic sustainability at each stage of formation. Traditional and system-evolutionary approaches to regional research, issues of systemic balance of spatial development based on the infrastructure approach and the role of the backbone infrastructure in improving the efficiency of spatial formations are analyzed. An approach to the study of the Far Eastern Arctic territories and water areas in close connection with the «near-Arctic» regions of the North-East, which historically, naturally, together form the North-Eastern mesoregion as part of the Far Eastern macroregion, is put forward and substantiated
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Soltani, Nader, Christian Willemse, and Peter H. Sikkema. "Does the Inclusion of Atrazine in S-Metolachlor/Mesotrione/Bicyclopyrone Improve Glyphosate-Resistant Canada Fleabane Control in Corn?" Journal of Agricultural Science 13, no. 12 (November 15, 2021): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v13n12p21.
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A total of seven field studies were conducted in southwestern Ontario from 2018 to 2020 to evaluate S-metolachlor/mesotrione/bicyclopyrone (Acuron Flexi®) and S-metolachlor/atrazine/mesotrione/bicyclopyrone (Acuron®) for the control of glyphosate-resistant (GR) Canada fleabane in corn. Acuron Flexi® and Acuron® applied preplant (PP) controlled GR Canada fleabane 90-97% and 99-100%, respectively. Commonly used PP herbicides in Ontario, dicamba/atrazine + glyphosate and tolpyralate + atrazine + glyphosate controlled GR Canada fleabane 97-99%. Acuron Flexi® and Acuron® applied postemergence (POST) provided 75-92% and 92-99% control of GR Canada fleabane, respectively. Dicamba/atrazine + glyphosate and tolpyralate + atrazine + glyphosate applied POST provided 84-97% and 94-98% control of GR Canada fleabane, respectively. Glyphosate applied POST at 900 ae ha-1 provided only 35-38% control of Canada fleabane in corn. Orthogonal contrasts indicated that herbicides applied PP provided up to 10% greater control of GR Canada fleabane than POST. There was no significant difference between the low and high rates of Acuron® or Acuron Flexi® in controlling GR Canada fleabane. Acuron® controlled GR Canada fleabane 14, 9 and 7% greater than Acuron Flexi® at 4, 8, and 12 WAA, respectively. GR Canada fleabane interference with corn reduced yield up to 42%. However, there was no difference in corn yield between herbicides treatments evaluated. Orthogonal contrasts indicated that reduced GR Canada fleabane interference with PP herbicides evaluated provided 0.9 t ha-1 greater corn yield than the POST herbicides evaluated. There was no significant difference in corn yield with Acuron® or Acuron Flexi® at the lower rate or higher rates. Additionally, Acuron Flexi® applied PP provided a similar corn yield as when applied POST. Based on these results, the use of Acuron® results in improved GR Canada fleabane control than Acuron Flexi® but this did not result in an increase in corn yield. The study concludes that there is potential for Acuron Flexi® for GR Canada fleabane control in corn especially in areas where atrazine use is restricted, however additional weed control tactics may be required for acceptable control.
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Coelho, Geraldo Ceni, Rachel Palhares Alcantara, Maurício Zinn Klemann, and Leandro Klemann. "Forest regeneration and seed rain in the conversion of a stand of Pinus sp. into native forest." Biotemas 34, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-7925.2021.e76814.
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In Southern Brazil, the National Forests (NF) are protected areas of sustainable use; however, most of them present a significant cover with old plantations of Pinus spp. established to foster commercial forestry. Nowadays, the NF management plans propose the conversion of Pinus stands into native forests. Pinus spp. are worrisome invasive plants whose spontaneous recruitment is a challenge to forest restoration. This paper aims to analyze seed rain and woody community composition in a stand where Pinus trees were eliminated to drive spontaneous regeneration (REG) in an NF in the Southern Atlantic Forest. The seed rain was measured in the restoring area and inside an adjacent Pinus stand (PIN). The tree community structure was analyzed comparatively in REG, PIN, and in a Native Araucaria Forest (NAT). One year after Pinus cutting, the seed rain of woody species was 1,802 and 1,502 seeds m-2.year-1 in REG and PIN, respectively. REG’s seed rain had higher diversity than PIN and absence of Pinus seeds. REG and NAT presented higher diversity of tree species than PIN, although REG had the lowest basal area and tree density. Nevertheless, 188 Pinus seedlings.ha-1 were observed in REG, which indicates that complementary restoration actions are needed.
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Krasnopolski, Boris. "The Impact of the Main Infrastructure on the Effectiveness of Spatial and Economic Formations: Approaches to the Assessment." Regionalistica 8, no. 3 (2021): 56–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.14530/reg.2021.3.56.
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The problems of studying the role of the main infrastructure as the most important «framework» in the formation of the spatial structure of the country are considered and the main regularities of its influence on the systemic efficiency of spatial formations are substantiated. The methods of regional research, the issues of systemic balance of spatial development, numerical methods for assessing the emergence of spatial systems, the problems of development of territories and water areas of the Far Eastern Arctic, etc. are analyzed
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Oorzhak, Valery. "Regional Socio-Economic Development: Republic of Tyva." Regionalistica 10, no. 6 (2023): 120–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.14530/reg.2023.6.120.
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Are there prospects for diversifying the economy of the country’s «eternally» problematic areas? The question is relevant. The purpose of the work is to study and reveal the main reasons for the systemic lag, to formulate proposals for creating the necessary conditions (mechanisms) for the industrialization of the economy of the depressed East Siberian border region – the Republic of Tyva – which, if effectively implemented, can be used in other similar spaces of the Russian Federation. As a result of the research, the stages of development are shown, the facts of achieving an 87-fold increase in the volume of industrial production in the region from 1945 to 1990, and the main reasons for the lag in subsequent periods are identified. It has been suggested that it is necessary to consider the peculiarities and selective approach when developing regulatory laws regarding problematic Russian border territories. It is proposed to create stimulating legislative and legal conditions for the industrialization of the economy of the Republic of Tyva (in a pilot version) as necessary tools for attracting investment in the production sectors, increasing the volume of gross regional product, increasing the standard of living of the population, including per capita monetary income to the average Russian level, and in in the future – up to 60 thousand rubles per month. The results obtained in the study were partially applied in the development of sectoral and strategic development programs for the region (including the Individual Program for Socio-Economic Development of the Republic of Tyva for 2020–2024) and can subsequently be used in the formation of legislative mechanisms to ensure the effective implementation of diversification programs economy of the country’s problematic border areas
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Motrich, Ekaterina. "The Population of the Far Eastern Federal District: Realities and Prospects." Regionalistica 7, no. 2 (2020): 64–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.14530/reg.2020.2.64.
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The paper analyzes the current demographic development of the Russian Far East. It shows the nature of the population change in the region (taking into account the Republic of Buryatia and the TRANS-Baikal territory that were included in the FEFD in 2018) in urban and rural areas. The article presents the population dynamics for the administrative centers of the Far Eastern regions and reveals their role in changing the urban population in the corresponding regions of the Far East. The data of three variants of the population forecast in the Far Eastern region are presented and the assumption is made about the possibility of the achievement of corresponding indicators
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Kirunda, H., F. Kabi, N. Muwereza, T. Kabuuka, S. D. Kerfua, P. D. Kasaija, D. K. Byarugaba, and F. Wabwire-Mangen. "Seroprevalence and Risk Factors for Exposure of Free-Range Poultry to Avian Influenza Viruses in Important Bird Areas in Uganda." Avian Diseases 59, no. 1 (March 2015): 64–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1637/10874-052714-reg.
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Fox, Anthony W., and Jessica Jacobson. "How well do Regulation 28 reports serve future public health and safety?" Medicine, Science and the Law 61, no. 3 (January 20, 2021): 186–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0025802420987431.
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Her Majesty’s (H.M.) coroners issue Regulation 28 (Reg. 28) reports following inquests. These reports concern hazards which, if mitigated, might prevent future deaths, and have addressees who are best placed to take remedial actions. Since 2013, the reports and addressees’ responses are copied to, and electronically published by, the Chief Coroner in non-exclusive demographic, aetiological or venue categories. Three of those categories were chosen so as to minimise the replication of unique cases – child deaths; alcohol, drugs and medications (ADM); and railways – with the most recent 50 reports in each category. A further ad hoc sample of neonates was taken after a finding in the first of these. The principal findings are: (a) H.M. coroners generate Reg. 28 reports at different rates (including 27 coroner areas with none at all; random variation probability p ≈ 10–6); (b) there is a large deficit of addressees’ responses compared with Reg. 28 reports that are issued; (c) addressees from large organisations are more likely to respond than small ones; (d) substantive remedial actions appear in only a further subset of addressees’ responses; and (e) there is a sex imbalance in Reg. 28 reports which is least explicable for neonates. It is concluded that the Reg. 28 report system is haphazard in many ways. As the only official publication from H.M. coroners’ courts, Reg. 28 reports have a large scope for improvement, which might promote support from bereaved families and the wider public for the process of inquest. Suggestions for process improvement are made.
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Kireev, Anton. "Demographic Aspects of the Development of Border Municipalities of Russia and China in the Context of Their Border Policies." Regionalistica 10, no. 5 (2023): 77–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.14530/reg.2023.5.77.
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The adoption in 2015 of the Concept for the Development of Border Territories in the Far Eastern Federal District was the milestone in the process of identifying Russian border municipalities as a special object of state policy. The purpose of the article is to assess some intermediate results of the implementation of this Concept in the demographic sphere. Based on a comparative analysis of municipal and regional statistics, the author examines the current spatial distribution of the population in the border areas of Russia and China, its dynamics in 2012–2021, as well as the impact of the border policies of the two countries. The study leads to the conclusion that measures to optimize border infrastructure and establish preferential regimes, taken in the Russian Far East since the mid-2010s, could not change the negative trends in the demographic development of border municipalities
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Arfah, Siti, Mega N. Putri, Afifuddin, Zilda D. O. Permata, Dionysius B. Sencaki, Hartanto Sanjaya, Hari Prayogi, Nico Anatoly, and Lena Sumargana. "Land Use Modeling Scenarios using Spatial Dynamic Model in Badung Regency." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1318, no. 1 (April 1, 2024): 012004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1318/1/012004.
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Abstract Management of land use is necessary to maintain the balance between human needs and environmental aspects. Known as the highest-income region in Indonesia, Badung Regency has substantial demand for land utilization for tourism activities. The conversion of productive agricultural land to tourism areas would threaten the sustainability of natural ecosystems in Badung. This study aims to predict the future land use in Badung Regency in 2033 through two development scenarios, Bussiness As Usual (BAU) and Rapid Economic Growth (REG). The simulation was carried out using spatial dynamic models of cellular automata. Several satellite imageries, municipal data, field surveys, and influencing factors of land transition have been utilized as input for the model. The result indicates that the residential area dominated the development in the BAU scenario with the direction of residential development spreading to the south, and new tourism development portrayed in the north close to the agricultural area. While in the REG scenario, tourism land use had significant growth that does not only approach agricultural land but also protected forest areas in the north. The model accuracy showed moderate agreement according to the Kappa index both in BAU and REG scenarios. The finding of this study could support the decision maker to create a better policy considering the potential impact of land use growth direction.
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Son, Heung-gu, Yunsun Kim, and Sahm Kim. "Time Series Clustering of Electricity Demand for Industrial Areas on Smart Grid." Energies 13, no. 9 (May 9, 2020): 2377. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13092377.
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This study forecasts electricity demand in a smart grid environment. We present a prediction method that uses a combination of forecasting values based on time-series clustering. The clustering of normalized periodogram-based distances and autocorrelation-based distances are proposed as the time-series clustering methods. Trigonometrical transformation, Box–Cox transformation, autoregressive moving average (ARMA) errors, trend and seasonal components (TBATS), double seasonal Holt–Winters (DSHW), fractional autoregressive integrated moving average (FARIMA), ARIMA with regression (Reg-ARIMA), and neural network nonlinear autoregressive (NN-AR) are used for demand forecasting based on clustering. The results show that the time-series clustering method performs better than the method using the total amount of electricity demand in terms of the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE).
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Doroshenko, Svetlana, and Viacheslav Dzhabiev. "Demographic Development of the Republic of South Ossetia: Trends, Risks, Strategic Priorities." Regionalistica 10, no. 4 (2023): 29–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.14530/reg.2023.4.29.
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The article presents the results of the analysis of demographic trends in the Republic of South Ossetia, one of the partially recognized states of the post-Soviet space formed during the period of independence 2009–2022. Whenever possible, the demographic situation was assessed not only in the republic as a whole, but also in the context of five administrative entities. The analysis showed that the post-war trend of population growth in recent years has been replaced by a decrease; with a general decrease in the rural population, there is an increase in the proportion of men in districts and women in cities; high mortality of the population and earlier mortality among men remain; the model of a small family is being consolidated; a decrease in the birth rate occurs against the background of an increase in divorces and a reduction in marriages; there is a high level of migration, especially among young people, both from rural areas to the city and outside the republic. Improving the demographic situation is one of the priorities of the socio-economic development of the republic. The situation requires the institutionalization of an independent demographic policy, which is not yet available in the republic
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Ayub, Ricardo Antonio, and André Belmont Pereira. "Brassinosteroid Combined With Indolbutyric Acid in Blueberry Micropropagation." Journal of Agricultural Science 14, no. 5 (April 15, 2022): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v14n5p59.
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The lack of availability of good quality seedlings for blueberry cultivation is an obstacle in the market, preventing the increase of production and cultivated areas. In order to improve rooting of blueberry in vitro, different concentrations of BIOBRAS 16® associated with indolbutyric acid in blueberry micropropagation were evaluated. For such a purpose, the Wood Plant Medium (WPM) culture medium plus the following plant regulators: 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5 mg L-1 brassinosteroids (BIOBRAS 16®) in conjunction with indolbutyric acid (IBA) concentrations of 1.3 and 5 mg L-1, with four replications were taken into account. At the end of 82 days of cultivation and development of the explants in these culture media, the following response variables were assessed: callus percentage (CP), callus diameter (CD), rooting percentage (RP), number of shoots (NS), number of leaves (NL), shoot length (SL), root length (RL) and fresh mass of shoots (FMS). CP was found to be stimulated in so far as concentrations of BIOBRAS 16® and IBA increased up to 0.5 mg L-1 and their diameter increased at concentrations of 3.0 and 5.0 mg L-1 for IBA. Thus, it is concluded that a combination of 0.3 mg L-1 BIOBRAS 16® combined with IBA concentrations of 3.0 and 5.0 mg L-1 contributes to promote root growth and rises in leaf number and fresh mass of micro-propagated blueberry. The use of a 0.3 mg L-1 of BIOBRAS 16® associated with concentrations of 3.0 and 5.0 mg L-1 of IBA showed a high percentage of root formation in blueberry.
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Molia, S., K. Samaké, A. Diarra, M. S. Sidibé, L. Doumbia, S. Camara, S. Kanté, et al. "Avian Influenza and Newcastle Disease in Three Risk Areas for H5N1 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Mali, 2007–2008." Avian Diseases 55, no. 4 (December 2011): 650–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1637/9775-050911-reg.1.
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Tomilov, Mikhail. "Comparative Analysis of Mega-Regional Trade Agreements in Asia and the Pacific." Regionalistica 10, no. 1 (2023): 46–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.14530/reg.2023.1.46.
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The article conducts a comparative analysis of the trade mega-formats (mega-regional trade agreements) operating in the Asia-Pacific region (APR) in terms of emerging institutional structures and compliance with existing regulations of the World Trade Organization (WTO). As a result, the hypothesis of basing in the medium term the model of functioning of international trade on the rules and regulations of the emerging integration format of the Comprehensive and Progressive Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) is substantiated, within the framework of which a single trade and economic institutional environment is created, which differs from the functioning environment and organizational structure of the WTO. The high standards set by the CPTPP will determine the rules and regulations of international trade, either through gradual introduction into WTO instruments or by extending the agreement itself to new territories in the process of joining the partnership of the following participants. It is shown that in the medium term it is advisable for the Russian Federation to focus on the integration format of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP), free from the geopolitical context and absorbing the main share of mutual trade of countries in the Asia-Pacific region. Potential accession to the CPTPP would require large-scale economic reforms, which could prove quite painful for the country’s economy in the short term. According to the author, the RCEP in its essence and structure is not a mega-regional integration format, but a new large free trade zone without creating a single institutional environment. The main concessions are the reduction of tariff barriers, while in other areas long transition periods are envisaged, allowing for changes without the emergence of shocks in the national economy. This will give Russia the opportunity to expand cooperation with the main trading partners in the region and receive significant economic benefits without resorting to large-scale transformations
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Schwindenhammer, Sandra. "The New Regionalism in Global Organic Agricultural Governance Through Standards: A Cross-Regional Comparison." Global Environmental Politics 18, no. 3 (August 2018): 86–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/glep_a_00469.
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In recent years, scholars in global environmental politics have contributed to the development of regional environmental governance (REG) research. This article contributes to the ongoing debate from an international relations perspective. It provides findings from a comprehensive qualitative comparative analysis of the six regional organic agriculture standards (OAS) in Europe, East Africa, the Pacific, Central America, and Asia. Building on research on norm localization, the analysis draws attention to interactions between the global and regional regulatory levels, regional issue-specific normative infrastructures, and the pooling of different sources of political authority by transnational entrepreneurs and regional agents. The analysis serves three purposes in the light of the ongoing debate on REG: (1) to conduct systematic comparative research; (2) to locate regional OAS within the context of conceptual debates about global norm and policy diffusion, critical norm research, policy mobilities, and comparative regionalism; and (3) to outline future areas of research.
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Pu, Ruiliang, and Stefania Bonafoni. "Reducing Scaling Effect on Downscaled Land Surface Temperature Maps in Heterogenous Urban Environments." Remote Sensing 13, no. 24 (December 12, 2021): 5044. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13245044.
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The literature review indicates that a scaling effect does exist in downscaling land surface temperature (DLST) processes, and no substantial methods were specially developed for addressing it. In this research, the main aim is to develop a new method to reduce the scaling effect on DLST maps at high resolutions. A thermal component-based thermal spectral unmixing (TSU) model was modified and a multiple regression (REG) model was adopted to create DLST maps at high resolutions. A combined variance of red and NIR bands at a very high resolution with a difference image between upscaled LST and DLST was used to develop a new method. With two case data sets, LSTs at coarse resolutions were downscaled by using the modified TSU model and the REG model to create DLST results. The new method with a correction term expression (a linear model created by using a semi-empirical approach) was used to improve the DLST maps in the two case study areas. The experimental results indicate that the new method could reduce the root mean square error and the mean absolute error >30% and >33%, respectively, and thus demonstrate that the proposed method was effective and significant, especially reducing the scaling effect on DLST results at very high resolutions. The novel significance for the new method is directly reducing the scaling effect on DLST maps at high resolutions.
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Prakoeswa, Flora. "Immune Profile (Th1, Th2, Th17, T-reg) of Maternal-Paediatrics Population in Leprosy Endemic Areas in East Java, Indonesia: A Cross-Sectional Study." Journal of Communicable Diseases 54, no. 1 (March 31, 2022): 10–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.24321/0019.5138.202242.
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Background: Leprosy is one of the neglected tropical infectious diseases in developing countries caused by Mycobacterium leprae. Various morbidity and stigma associated with leprosy infection which affects women more than men have led to its late diagnosis and treatment. Gender status, the role of a person in the household, and parenting are some of the factors that greatly influence the transmission of Mycobacterium leprae to children. This increase in the number of cases will also affect the number of new cases of leprosy in children.Aim: To analyse the immune profile in the maternal-children population in leprosy endemic areas in East Java, Indonesia.Method: We investigated the activities of four subsets of T cells, Th1, Th2, Th17, and Treg by measuring the circulated cytokines (IFN-γ for Th1, IL-4 for Th2, IL-17 for Th17) or marker levels (FOXP3+ for Treg) by using ELISA.Results: The comparison analysis of this study showed a significant difference in FOXP3+ level of maternal leprosy compared with a healthy maternal population and IL-17 level of children leprosy compared with a healthy children population. A negative correlation was found between maternal FOXP3+ levels and children IL-17 levels.Conclusion: The immune profile of the maternal-paediatrics population could be beneficial in planning an intervention to eradicate leprosy.
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Prakoeswa, Flora. "Immune Profile (Th1, Th2, Th17, T-reg) of Maternal-Paediatrics Population in Leprosy Endemic Areas in East Java, Indonesia: A Cross-Sectional Study." Journal of Communicable Diseases 54, no. 1 (March 31, 2022): 10–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.24321/0019.5138.20224.
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Background: Leprosy is one of the neglected tropical infectious diseases in developing countries caused by Mycobacterium leprae. Various morbidity and stigma associated with leprosy infection which affects women more than men have led to its late diagnosis and treatment. Gender status, the role of a person in the household, and parenting are some of the factors that greatly influence the transmission of Mycobacterium leprae to children. This increase in the number of cases will also affect the number of new cases of leprosy in children.Aim: To analyse the immune profile in the maternal-children population in leprosy endemic areas in East Java, Indonesia.Method: We investigated the activities of four subsets of T cells, Th1, Th2, Th17, and Treg by measuring the circulated cytokines (IFN-γ for Th1, IL-4 for Th2, IL-17 for Th17) or marker levels (FOXP3+ for Treg) by using ELISA.Results: The comparison analysis of this study showed a significant difference in FOXP3+ level of maternal leprosy compared with a healthy maternal population and IL-17 level of children leprosy compared with a healthy children population. A negative correlation was found between maternal FOXP3+ levels and children IL-17 levels.Conclusion: The immune profile of the maternal-paediatrics population could be beneficial in planning an intervention to eradicate leprosy.
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Dyomina, Olga, and Marina Mazitova. "Export Specialization of the Fuel and Energy Complex of the Far Eastern Federal District: The Impact of Sanctions Restrictions." Regionalistica 9, no. 6 (2022): 67–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.14530/reg.2022.6.67.
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The article considers the role of the eastern vector of supplies in Russia’s foreign energy strategy. It is shown that the strengthening of the priority of the development of the fuel and energy complex of the Russian Far East. The share of the Far Eastern energy recourses in Russian export flows increased. The share of the Far East in Russian energy export to the countries of NEA-3 where from 28.6 to 52.8% in 2021. Three main periods of sanctions restrictions on the Russian fuel and energy complex were distinguished: 2014–2016, 2017–2021 and 2022. The 1st period characterized by deterioration in access to technologies for the development of unconventional oil. Within the 2nd period, existing sanctions were expanded and restrictions to Russian pipeline projects were added. The 3d period characterized by sanctions on all sectors of the fuel and energy complex, an embargo on the supply of Russian energy resources, affecting the supply and maintenance of equipment under current contracts. The scope of the sanctions of the NEA-3 countries varied. Japan has joined the sanctions imposed by the United States and the European Union in the financial and economic, trade, technological, and transport sectors. The Republic of Korea has joined the sanctions in financial and economic areas. China has not officially joined the sanctions against Russia, but complies with the restrictions imposed by the United States, the violation of which implies the imposition of secondary sanctions. The dynamics of exports of Russian energy resources in 2022 for the main commodity items of the fuel and energy complex is analyzed on the import statistics of the NEA-3 countries. It is shown that there was a decrease in demand for Russian oil due to the refusal of large oil and gas companies of the NEA-3 countries from spot purchases, a reduction in oil supplies to Japan and the Republic of Korea due to the shutdown of the «Sakhalin-1» project, demand for coal had a multidirectional character (reduction of exports to Japan, growth to China and the Republic of Korea)
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Bodó, Mihály. "A noninvasive, continuous brain monitoring method: rheoencephalography (REG)." DRC Sustainable Future: Journal of Environment, Agriculture, and Energy 1, no. 2 (October 2, 2020): 103–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.37281/1.2.3.
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This paper deals with the sustainability under anoxic conditions of human beings, both when healthy, and diseased. As our attention is focused these days on the environment, sustainability, and green energy, a similar effort is being made in neuromonitoring to switch from invasive to noninvasive monitoring methods. Keys to these changes are computerization and shrinking size of electronic hardware. Computerization is going on in all areas of biomedical engineering, both in research and in clinical fields of medicine. In neurology, brain imaging is the most characteristic change in recent decades. These modalities of imaging (MRI, CT, PET scan, etc.) are predominantly utilized for localizing brain pathology. Brain imaging offers great spatial resolution, but poor time resolution. Therefore, for continuous monitoring, neurocritical care departments require an additional tool with good time resolution. There are invasive and noninvasive neuromonitoring methods. The standard method to monitor intracranial pressure (ICP) is an invasive method. Computerization allows for calculating the cerebral blood flow autoregulation (CBF AR) index (pressure reactivity index - PRx) from ICP and systemic arterial pressure (SAP) in real time, continuously, but invasively. The new development, discussed in this paper, is to calculate this index noninvasively by using rheoencephalography (REG), called REGx. We present the road to this invention and summarize multifold REG related results, such as using REG for primary stroke prevention screening, comparison incidence of arteriosclerotic risk factors, various studies by using CBF manipulations, and correlations with other neuromonitoring methods, and validation with in vitro and in vivo methods. REG by using different algorithms allow for real time calculation of autoregulated blood flow. This paper presents results of validation of CBF algorithms as an effective, noninvasive method. The author’s intent is to supply sufficient physiological background information. This review covers the author’s research efforts over several decades; it pertains multiple studies and has an updated addition to human sustainability by considering that Covid-19 is increasing stroke and cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality.
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Gassner, M., and B. Brabec. "Nearest neighbour models for local and regional avalanche forecasting." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 2, no. 3/4 (December 31, 2002): 247–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-2-247-2002.
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Abstract. This paper presents two avalanche forecasting applications NXD2000 and NXD-REG which were developed at the Swiss Federal Institute for Snow and Avalanche Re-search (SLF). Even both are based on the nearest neighbour method they are targeted to different scales. NXD2000 is used to forecast avalanches on a local scale. It is operated by avalanche forecasters responsible for snow safety at snow sport areas, villages or cross country roads. The area covered ranges from 10 km2 up to 100 km2 depending on the climatological homogeneity. It provides the forecaster with ten most similar days to a given situation. The observed avalanches of these days are an indication of the actual avalanche danger. NXD-REG is used operationally by the Swiss avalanche warning service for regional avalanche forecasting. The Nearest Neighbour approach is applied to the data sets of 60 observer stations. The results of each station are then compiled into a map of current and future avalanche hazard. Evaluation of the model by cross-validation has shown that the model can reproduce the official SLF avalanche forecasts in about 52% of the days.
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Shulver, Kurt, David McAlpine, Nicholas A. Badcock, and Heivet Hernandez Perez. "Disrupting perceptual anchoring to pure-tone sequences in human listeners." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 154, no. 4_supplement (October 1, 2023): A237. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0023401.
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Perceptual anchoring, a process akin to statistical learning, occurs rapidly and without conscious awareness and is integral to our ability to successfully navigate a noisy world. Here, we investigated anchoring abilities in typical hearing and reading participants by implementing an anchoring paradigm (Agus et al., 2014) using rapid pure-tone sequences (Barascud etal., 2016). We then attempted to disrupt anchoring by applying rapid transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to frontal cortical regions—areas implicated in the processing of and integration of tone sequences (Abla and Okanoya, 2008). Pure-tone sequences consisted of 50 ms tone-pips that were arranged according to two segments, random (RAND) and regular (REG). RAND segments were generated as tones of random frequencies, and REG segments were generated as in RAND but were iterated to create a repeating pattern. Sequences were presented across three conditions: REPfixed (identical sequences repeated across trials), REPnovel (identical sequences not repeated across trials), and NonREPnovel (nonidentical sequences not repeated across trials). We observed a significantly higher sensitivity to REPfixed relative to REPnovel across all participants (i.e., an anchoring effect). The disruption of frontal regions using rTMS did not significantly impact overall performance but did alter how participants completed the task over time.
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Goto, Hideaki. "Seafloor Stereo Map of Coastal Areas for Geomorphological Studies." Abstracts of the ICA 1 (July 15, 2019): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-abs-1-98-2019.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Topographical anaglyph maps produced from digital elevation model (DEM) are an easy and practical means of inland topography and seafloor observations (Goto, 2016). Since the 2000s, several coastal DEMs surveyed by multi-beam sound systems have been stored, though submarine topographic features have been popularly represented by contour lines in the previous century. Various DEM-based visual maps including shaded relief or stereo maps with contour lines have been adapted to observe inland topography (Awata, 2017); however, they have been rarely used to express slope shade with contour lines in coastal areas.</p><p> Since the development of submarine topography above &minus;120&thinsp;m has become relevant for sea-level changes after the last glacial age, deep-sea features such as cliffs and terraces could provide essential information on topographical evolution and crustal movement. Therefore, we produced a stereo image map of slope shade and contour lines in a coastal area based on DEM. Although Louis Ducas du Hauron patented the original idea of producing anaglyphs in 1891(Waker and Dodge, 2001), anaglyph seafloor maps expressing slope shade and contour lines from DEM are new as well as are effective for understanding the geomorphic features of submerged terraces and the broad deformation of the oceanic bed because they enable us to identify small topographic features, such as submerged coral crests and height differences in the wide area.</p><p> We studied the area around Inazejima and Iheyajima islands distributed in the north of Okinawa prefecture, southwest Japan. We found it difficult to understand the active tectonics of Nansei–Shoto arc based on only the isolated small islands; thus, we focused on the submerged marine terraces widely developed around these islands to reveal the depth distribution of paleo-shorelines.</p><p> The Japan Coast Gard (JCG) conducted a multi-beam survey along the northwestern coast of Okinawa island from 2008 to 2012 (Yasuhara, 2013). The JAMSTEC (2016) stored and disseminated information for the rock and sediment core samples as well as the results of the multi-beam survey on their website, “Data and Sample Research System for Whole Cruise Information in JAMSTEC.” We retrieved these data from the JCG and JAMSTEC to generate 1.44-smesh (approximately 44&thinsp;m) and 2-s-mesh (approximately 65&thinsp;m) seafloor DEMs, respectively. We combined these DEMs with a 500-m-mesh DEM (J-EGG500) published by JCG, which were subsequently overlapped in a decreasing resolution. We imported these seafloor DEMs into Simple DEM Viewer&reg; to produce an anaglyph map that was overlapped onto the black and white slope shading base map and contour lines for stereoscopic analysis with red-cyan glasses.</p><p> Interpretation of the map revealed that the several submerged marine terraces were distributed around the islands, and the NWW-trending active faults cut and deformed these terraces in the southwest off the coast of Izena island. Stereoscopic analysis with contour lines enabled us to obtain the height difference of the submerged terraces between the west and east sides of Iheya island, which were estimated to have formed during the last glacial age based on the terrace platform depth.</p>
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Zangrando, Mariana Schutzer Ragghianti, Giovanna Fernanda Favero Silva, Maria Laura Bignotto Bigotto, Flávia Maria Ravagnani Neves Cintra, Carla Andreotti Damante, Adriana Campos Passanezi Sant'Ana, and Fabiano Vieira Vilhena. "Blocking tubules technologies for dentin hypersensitivity in periodontal patients – pilot study." Research, Society and Development 10, no. 13 (October 3, 2021): e35101320398. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i13.20398.
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Periodontal patients often report dentin hypersensitivity (DH) caused by root surface exposure or periodontal treatment. Tubular blocking technologies in toothpastes are effective for pain relief, but no specific chemical/physical agent has been reported for periodontal patients. This double-blind randomized clinical trial compared the effects of three technologies in reducing DH in periodontal patients. Eighteen (18) participants were randomly assigned into three groups: SEN (NOVAMIN technology); REG (REFIX technology); REGK (REFIX technology + potassium citrate). Periodontal patients presenting with DH were evaluated at 6 moments: T1 and T2 - immediately before and after scaling and root planing procedures (SRP); T3 - after polishing sensitive areas with their assigned dentifrice and T4, T5, T6 - after 2, 4 and 8 weeks of SRP respectively. Sensitivity was assessed by air blast (Schiff scale) and patients’ perceptions using the visual analogue scale (VAS). Data were analyzed by two-way repeated measures ANOVA complemented by the Tukey test with significance set at 5% (p <0.05). Preliminary outcomes revealed SEN, REG and REGP reduced DH in periodontal patients (n=18). All patients initially presented moderate to severe pain (64.3) and after treatment they reported mild pain (21.3). Similarly, the dentist evaluation showed significant reduction in DH with the use of the three technologies (2.26 to 0.56). No statistically significant differences were found between the three study groups for patients (p=0.751) and dentist evaluations (p=0.632). According to these preliminary outcomes, all three technologies equally reduced DH in periodontal patients. Clinical trials #NCT04422184
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STORELLI, M. M., L. GIACHI, D. GIUNGATO, and A. STORELLI. "Occurrence of Heavy Metals (Hg, Cd, and Pb) and Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Salted Anchovies." Journal of Food Protection 74, no. 5 (May 1, 2011): 796–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-10-453.
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The most popular brands of salted anchovies (Engraulis encrasicolus) from the Mediterranean Sea and Atlantic Ocean were purchased from several Italian supermarkets and grocery stores. Heavy metal (Hg, Cd, and Pb) and polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) levels were determined and assessed by comparing the concentrations in these samples with the maximum permissible limits set by the European Union (Reg EC 629/2008 and Reg EC 1881/2006 [Off. J. Eur. Union L 173:3–9 and 364:5–24, respectively]). The Hg and Cd levels were higher than those of Pb in all samples examined. For Hg and Pb, the concentrations recorded in this study were below the authorized limits, while an appreciable percentage of samples from both locations (Mediterranean Sea, 35%, and Atlantic Ocean, 25%) showed Cd levels exceeding the threshold recommended for human consumption. Concerning PCBs, the results of principal component analysis showed that samples from the two different marine areas appeared to be discriminate, with Mediterranean anchovies more contaminated than the others, in spite of their lower lipid content. However, anchovy samples from both locations had dioxinlike-PCB levels (Mediterranean Sea, 0.011 pg World Health Organization toxic equivalency [WHO-TEQ] g−1, wet weight, and Atlantic Ocean, 0.007 pg WHO-TEQ g−1, wet weight) that were below the WHO-TEQ maximum concentration set by European regulation. The results of this study will help in generating data needed for the assessment of heavy metal and PCB intake from this food.
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Lee, Chih-Hung, Li-Wei Liu, Yu-Min Wang, Jan-Mou Leu, and Chung-Ling Chen. "Drone-Based Bathymetry Modeling for Mountainous Shallow Rivers in Taiwan Using Machine Learning." Remote Sensing 14, no. 14 (July 11, 2022): 3343. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14143343.
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The river cross-section elevation data are an essential parameter for river engineering. However, due to the difficulty of mountainous river cross-section surveys, the existing bathymetry investigation techniques cannot be easily applied in a narrow and shallow field. Therefore, this study aimed to establish a model suitable for mountainous river areas utilizing an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) equipped with a multispectral camera and machine learning-based gene-expression programming (GEP) algorithm. The obtained images were combined with a total of 171 water depth measurements (0.01–1.53 m) for bathymetry modeling. The results show that the coefficient of determination (R2) of GEP is 0.801, the mean absolute error (MAE) is 0.154 m, and root mean square error (RMSE) is 0.195 m. The model performance of GEP model has increased by 16.3% in MAE, compared to conventional simple linear regression (REG) algorithm, and also has a lower bathymetry retrieval error both in shallow (<0.4 m) and deep waters (>0.8 m). The GEP bathymetry retrieval model has a considerable degree of accuracy and could be applied to shallow rivers or near-shore areas under similar conditions of this study.
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Ribaldone, Davide, Rinaldo Pellicano, and Giovanni Actis. "Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Basic Science in the Light of Real-World Epidemiology." Gastrointestinal Disorders 1, no. 1 (November 12, 2018): 129–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gidisord1010010.
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Major advances in the last few decades have favored the view of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) as a disease of hyper- or, more often, paradoxical hyporesponsiveness of the gut-associated immune system. The relevant pivot seems to be the loss of the balance between gut-associated pro-inflammatory lymphocytes and the indwelling microbiome species, with inner regulatory circuits (regulatory T-lymphocytes, T-reg) and outer factors (such as drugs, tobacco, diet components) contributing to complicate the matter. Light might be shed by the observation of the real-world IBD epidemiology, which may help unveil the factors that tend to cluster IBD cases to certain geographical areas. A transitional mind frame between bench and real-world gastroenterology could hopefully contribute to restrain the mounting epidemic of IBD in the Western world and to halt the more recent increases seen in many Eastern countries.
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Guarino Amato, Monica, and Cesare Castellini. "Adaptability Challenges for Organic Broiler Chickens: A Commentary." Animals 12, no. 11 (May 25, 2022): 1354. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12111354.
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As organic and conventional poultry production increased in the last decade, so did consumers’ concerns, sustainability requirements, and animal welfare as well as health issues. According to Reg. EU 848/2008 on organic production, poultry must be adapted to organic outdoor systems and cope with all the regulatory constraints in terms of nutrition, health, and welfare. Adaptability must take into account the above challenges, constraints, and concerns. Chicken adaptability should not only mean being able to use pasture and outdoor areas, but also mean being able to overcome, or be resilient to, the challenges of organic farming without compromising welfare, performance, and product quality. This commentary identifies solutions to the new challenges that organic poultry chains must face in future productive scenarios, detects consumer viewpoints to provide a perspective on organic poultry production, and summarizes as well as defines chicken adaptability to organic production, assessing the main factors of chicken adaptability.
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Mitchell Fetch, J. W., P. D. Brown, N. Ames, J. Chong, T. G. Fetch, S. M. Haber, J. G. Menzies, A. Tekauz, T. F. Townley-Smith, and K. D. Stadnyk. "Summit oat." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 91, no. 4 (July 2011): 787–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps10158.
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Mitchell Fetch, J. W., Brown, P. D., Ames, N., Chong, J., Fetch, Jr., T. G., Haber, S. M., Menzies, J. G., Tekauz, A., Townley-Smith, T. F. and Stadnyk, K. D. 2011. Summit oat. Can. J. Plant Sci. 91: 787–791. Summit is a white-hulled spring oat (Avena sativa L.) cultivar postulated to carry the crown rust resistance combination Pc38, Pc39, Pc48, and Pc68, which was effective against the prevalent pathotypes of crown rust on the Canadian prairies at the time of its release. It has very good resistance to loose and covered smut, moderately good resistance to most of the prairie stem rust races (likely due to the presence of Pg2 and Pg13) and is resistant to moderately resistant to barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV). Summit has good kernel weight, percent plump kernels, and percent thin kernels. Summit exhibits high yielding capacity in the oat growing areas of western Canada. Summit was registered (Reg. No. 6529) in Canada 2008 November 29.
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Fetch, J. W. Mitchell, A. Tekauz, P. D. Brown, N. Ames, J. Chong, T. G. Fetch, S. M. Haber, et al. "Stride oat." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 93, no. 4 (July 2013): 749–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps2012-325.
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Mitchell Fetch, J. W., Tekauz, A., Brown, P. D., Ames, N., Chong, J., Fetch, Jr., T. G., Haber, S. M., Menzies, J. G.,, T. F. Townley-Smith, Stadnyk, K. D. and Green, D. A. 2013. Stride oat. Can. J. Plant Sci. 93: 749–753. Stride is a white-hulled spring oat (Avena sativa L.) cultivar with moderate resistance to fusarium head blight. It is postulated to carry the crown rust resistance combination Pc39, Pc68 and Pc94, which was effective against the prevalent crown rust races on the Canadian prairies at the time of its release. It has very good resistance to loose and covered smut, moderately good resistance to most of the prairie stem rust races (likely due to the presence of Pg2 and Pg13), and intermediate reaction to barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV). Stride has high test weight, but low kernel weight. Stride exhibits high yielding capacity in the oat growing areas of western Canada. Stride was registered (Reg. No. 7180) in Canada 2012 Apr. 23.
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Muthoni, F. K., F. Baijukya, H. Sseguya, M. Bekunda, I. Hoeschle-Zeledon, E. Ouko, and K. Mubea. "GEOSPATIAL APPROACH FOR DELINEATING EXTRAPOLATION DOMAINS FOR SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURAL INTENSIFICATION TECHNOLOGIES." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-3/W2 (November 16, 2017): 145–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-3-w2-145-2017.
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Sustainable intensification (SI) is a viable pathway to increase agricultural production and improve ecosystem health. Scaling SI technologies in locations with similar biophysical conditions enhance adoption. This paper employs novel extrapolation detection (ExeDet) algorithm and gridded bioclimatic layers to delineate extrapolation domains for improved maize variety (SC719) and inorganic fertilizers (YaraMila-CEREAL<sup>&reg;</sup> and YaraBela-Sulfan<sup>&reg;</sup>) in Tanzania. Suitability was based on grain yields recorded in on-farm trials. The ExeDet algorithm generated three maps: (1) the dissimilarity between bioclimatic conditions in the reference trial sites and the target extrapolation domain (Novelty type-1), (2) the magnitude of novel correlations between covariates in extrapolation domain (Novelty type-2) and (3) the most limiting covariate. The novelty type1 and 2 maps were intersected and reclassified into five suitability classes. These classes were cross-tabulated to generate extrapolation suitability index (ESI) for the candidate technology package. An impact based spatial targeting index (IBSTI) was used to identify areas within the zones earmarked as suitable using ESI where the potential impacts for out scaling interventions can be maximized. Application of ESI and IBSTI is expected to guide extension and development agencies to prioritize scaling intervention based on both biophysical suitability and potential impact of particular technology package. Annual precipitation was most limiting factor in largest area of the extrapolation domain. Identification of the spatial distribution of the limiting factor is useful for recommending remedial measures to address the limiting factor that hinder a technology to achieve its full potential. The method outlined in this paper is replicable to other technologies that require extrapolation provided that representative reference trial data and appropriate biophysical grids are available.
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Vasconcelos, Ricardo de Lima, Luís Augusto Gomes Rocha, Renan Lima de Sousa, Jéssica Maiara de Souza Ferrari, Rafael dos Santos Lima, Anice Garcia, Luís Roberto Almeida Gabriel Filho, and Camila Pires Cremasco Gabriel. "Agroclimatic Zoning for the Palm Euterpe edulis M. in São Paulo State, Brazil." Journal of Agricultural Science 11, no. 10 (July 15, 2019): 217. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v11n10p217.
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The Juçara palm is native to the Brazilian Atlantic Forest and has significant commercial and environmental potential. Its multiple end-uses have encouraged studies on its climatic requirements, especially in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, where its presence is currently limited due to illegal exploitation. The objective of this study was to conduct an agroclimatic zoning of the Juçara palm tree in São Paulo. Meteorological data from 110 government stations, the Rural Environmental Registry (CAR) and ArcGIS® 10.4 geotechnical tools were used to show temperature, precipitation, and water deficit data in map-like visualizations for reclassified an agroclimatic zoning. A significant proportion of São Paulo State is considered suitable and viable for the Juçara palm, mainly in the south-central and eastern parts of the state and including regions adjacent to large population centers. Considering sufficient economic return, irrigation can be used in regions that are at the lowest limit of the plant’s water demand. For areas where the upper-temperature limit exceeds the recommended temperature for the plant, its cultivation/management should be explored as part of agroforestry systems. Based on our analysis, the CAR environmental registry is effective in identifying areas for the implementation of agroforestry systems.
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Voznyak, Halyna, Olha Mulska, Taras Kloba, and Lev Kloba. "Assessing and strengthening budgetary security of regions and their amalgamated hromada in an unstable economy: A case for Ukraine." Public and Municipal Finance 10, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 138–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/pmf.10(1).2021.11.
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An essential determinant of the economic growth of regions and amalgamated hromada is budgetary security, the weakening of which causes the strengthening of financial imbalances of territories and the emergence of budget risks and threats in different time lags. The paper aims to assess budgetary security of regions and amalgamated hromada in Ukraine in an unstable economy. The assessment of budgetary security and risks of areas and amalgamated hromada is carried out based on a multidimensional statistical analysis of budget indicators, calculation of the aggregate indicator of budget risks, and the level of budgetary security by a multiplicative method. The study sample included the regions of Ukraine and 22 amalgamated hromada in terms of cities of regional significance, urban, township, and rural territorial assemblies, which are represented by different areas in Ukraine. According to the assessment, Poltava, Kyiv, Zaporizhzhia, Dnipropetrovsk, and Mykolaiv oblasts are characterized by a low level of budget risks, which indicates high budget stability. On the other hand, the strengthening of budget imbalances, deterioration of the strength of local budgets, in particular in 2019–2020 in urban amalgamated hromada (Druzhbivska and Malovyskivska (6-8 points)); in village areas (Malynivska (5 points), Steblivska (7-7 points)); in rural amalgamated hromada (Chmyrivska (8-7 points)). The study results can serve as an analytical basis in the practice of local governments in the development and justification of regional and local budget policies, the nature of inter-budgetary relations, the formation of regional development strategies, etc. AcknowledgmentsThe study has been conducted within the framework of Applied Research “Financial determinants of the provision of economic growth in the regions and Amalgamated hromada based on the behavioral economy” with the support of the National Research Foundation of Ukraine (M. Dolishniy Institute of Regional Research of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, the Grant Reg. No. 2020.02/0215, 2020–2022).
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Rédl, J., V. Váliková, and J. Antl. "Design of active stability control system of agricultural off-road vehicles." Research in Agricultural Engineering 60, Special Issue (December 30, 2014): S77—S84. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/39/2013-rae.
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Part of active stability control system design of an agricultural technological vehicle designated for working in mountain and foothill areas is described. The principle of active control of angular velocities of the centre of gravity has been used. During the manoeuvre, active tipping axes are identified by orientation of the weight vector. From experimental tests of a machine MT8-222 based on the Standard STN 47 0170, the real records of angular velocities were obtained. Tests were executed on the slope with an average slope of 32 degrees. From computation critical angular velocities were gained, by which the machine could get into the position of labile stability during the manoeuvre. The regulator was simulated in Matlab<sup>®</sup> which controlled the actual value of angular velocity compared with the critical one. In case the boundary zone of critical angular velocity was reached, the regulator sends a signal to the fuel control system and then vehicle speed decreased. During experimental tests, the vehicle did not turn over. Therefore, the angular velocity was simulated by a generated function so that the functionality of the designed regulator was verified.
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Zuzana CZ, Chvatalova, and Hrebicek Jiri CZ. "Scientific Computing and Visualization with Maple in Economics and Economic Research." International Journal of Economics and Statistics 10 (March 15, 2022): 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.46300/9103.2022.10.12.
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The aim of this paper is to map selected tools offered by Maple and user support provided by Maplesoft Inc. for professional and modern implementation in the field of scientific computing, modeling and visualizations in economics. Such support will be a significant technical advantage in time for use in economic research. The paper analyzes the latest version of the mathematical software Maple for scientific computing in economics and finance. It terms of its implementation in the quantitative modeling, calculations and graphics visualizations, both the direct using of built-in elements and the communication platform supported by the Canadian company Maplesoft Inc. that has developed Maple since 1980. Solutions of economic problems are intimately linked in the number of areas of society. At present, continuous innovations and using of new information technologies is trend in science, education and researches that occurs all over the world. Our efforts in this analysis are one of the preparatory stages to meet the primary objective of the solution of the project ""Construction of a complex multi-methods evaluation of performance in selected sectors"" (Reg. No. P403/11/2085) realized at the Brno University of Technology and the Mendel University in Brno.
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Sedlák, P., J. Mazáková, V. Sedláková, P. Ryšánek, P. Vejl, and P. Doležal. "Virulence and Mating Type of Phytophthora infestans Isolates in the Czech Republic." Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica 48, no. 4 (December 20, 2017): 185–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sab-2017-0025.
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Abstract To evaluate the frequency and stability of the occurrence of P. infestans races and mating types in the Czech Republic, 338 monosporic isolates were collected from 31 sites in different potato-growing areas from 2012 to 2014 and in 2016. In total, 142 isolates were evaluated for virulence and race structure using the detached leaflet assay on Black’s differential set, supplemented with cultivar Sarpo Mira and somatic hybrid REG 46F. With the exception of virulence for resistance genes R9 and Rpi-blb-1, all virulence genes were detected among isolates, with a predominance of genes R1, R3, R7, R10, and R11. Most isolates were virulent to five or more R-genes, with a mean virulence complexity of 7.1. Among the 38 races detected, the most commonly occurring races were 1.2.3.4.6.7.10.11 and 1.2.3.4.7.10.11. Of the 338 isolates tested by the pairing test and the cleaved amplified polymorphism sequence (CAPS) marker, 40% were of the A1 mating type and 60% were of the A2 mating type, with an A1 : A2 isolate ratio demonstrating the predominance of the A2 mating type each year of the survey.
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Moingeon, Philippe, and Laurent Mascarell. "Induction of Tolerance via the Sublingual Route: Mechanisms and Applications." Clinical and Developmental Immunology 2012 (2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/623474.
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The clinical efficacy of sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) with natural allergen extracts has been established in IgE-dependent respiratory allergies to grass or tree pollens, as well as house dust mites. Sublingual vaccines have an excellent safety record, documented with approximately 2 billion doses administered, as of today, in humans. The oral immune system comprises various antigen-presenting cells, including Langerhans cells, as well as myeloid and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (DCs) with a distinct localisation in the mucosa, along thelamina propriaand in subepithelial tissues, respectively. In the absence of danger signals, all these DC subsets are tolerogenic in that they support the differentiation of Th1- and IL10-producing regulatory CD4+T cells. Oral tissues contain limited numbers of mast cells and eosinophils, mostly located in submucosal areas, thereby explaining the good safety profile of SLIT. Resident oral Th1, Th2, and Th17 CD4+T cells are located along thelamina propria, likely representing a defence mechanism against infectious pathogens. Second-generation sublingual vaccines are being developed, based upon recombinant allergens expressed in a native conformation, possibly formulated with Th1/T reg adjuvants and/or mucoadhesive particulate vector systems specifically designed to target oral dendritic cells.
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FUKUMA, Asako, Shuichi SATO, Eri NITTA, Takuya HANAOKA, Junichi ISHINE, Hiroshi TOBITA, Tatsuya MIYAKE, Hiroshi SHIBATA, Atushi NAGAI, and Yoshikazu KINOSHITA. "Contrast-enhanced US with Sonazoid® is useful for differentiating a metastatic liver tumor from focal spared areas in fatty livers." Choonpa Igaku 38, no. 2 (2011): 135–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3179/jjmu.38.135.
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Demestre, Montserrat, Paolo Sartor, Alfredo Garcia-de-Vinuesa, Mario Sbrana, Francesc Maynou, and Andrea Massaro. "Ecological importance of survival of unwanted invertebrates discarded in different NW Mediterranean trawl fisheries." Scientia Marina 82, S1 (December 20, 2018): 189. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/scimar.04784.28a.
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There is currently very little information on the survival of discards of unwanted and unregulated catches of invertebrates after the stresses caused by capture. A great number of the unregulated invertebrate species form the basis of essential fish habitats for important fisheries resources such as hake, red mullet and cuttlefish. Thus, data on their survival after discarding may help to interpret the role of these species within the benthic ecosystems. Furthermore, descriptor 6 of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (EU Directive 2008/56/E) foresees maintaining sea floor integrity at a level that ensures that the structure and functions of the ecosystems are safeguarded, and Article 7(d) of the Common Fisheries Policy (EU Reg. 1380/2013) foresees the implementation of management measures for fishing with low impact on the marine ecosystem and fishery resources. Survival measurements by direct recovery of tagged discarded species are not effective in bottom trawl fisheries, for which alternative studies such as semi-quantitative measures obtained on board prior to discarding can be considered as appropriate for mortality estimation. The present work assessed the survival of unwanted species using a semi-quantitative assessment on the deck of trawlers and at the laboratory for a period of 96 hours in two Mediterranean areas (the Catalan coast and the Ligurian and Northern Tyrrhenian seas). A high number of discarded invertebrates showed a high percentage of survival (>70%) in both assessments. The results can be used to provide information that can help to achieve higher survival levels of discarded specimens and enhance the productivity of fishing grounds by increasing the health of benthic ecosystems.
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Krasnoyarova, B. A., A. E. Nazarenko, T. G. Plutalova, and S. N. Sharabarina. "Ecosystem services assessment and mapping in Altai Krai." Vestnik SSUGT (Siberian State University of Geosystems and Technologies) 28, no. 5 (2023): 93–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2411-1759-2023-28-5-93-102.
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In Russia, ecosystem service assessments at the regional level (as opposed to national and local) are currently underdeveloped. The article presents a regional assessment of the main groups of ecosystem services and the results of their approbation for the territory of the Altai Kraj; their spatial differentiation was revealed depending on natural and socio-economic conditions. The main units of analysis are the regions of the Altai Kraj. The assessment was carried out taking into account the structure of the economy and the nature of land use in the study region, as well as the importance of individual ecosystem services for its economy. Based on the results of the assessment, the territory was zoned and compared with its landscape structure; schematic maps were drawn up. The zone of high value of reg-ulating and cultural ecosystem services is spread in the Altai and Salairo-Kuznetsk-Alataus mountain-ous landscape areas of the region, as well as in the northern part of the Kulunda province of the steppe zonal area. It is characterized by the high value of carbon sequestration by forests, game animals and the attractiveness of landscapes. The second zone is formed by areas with valuable arable land and hayfields providing ecosystem services. In natural terms, these are steppe (South-Prialeiskaya prov-ince) and forest-steppe (Upper-Obskaya province) regions. They produce the most valuable crop products in the region. The zone of medium and low value of regulating and insufficiently developed supporting ecosystem services is represented by the areas of western and southern parts of the steppe zonal area, northern and central parts of the forest-steppe zonal area. These territories do not have a high value of any ecosystem services. The results of the study contribute to improving the structure of land use in municipal organisations of Altai Krai and the development of strategies for their development, aimed at an optimal combination of the goals of socio-economic development and preservation of the quality of life-supporting functions of its ecosystems.
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Silva, S. A., P. A. F. R. Melo, J. R. G. Araújo, J. J. A. Gomes, T. F. Jesus, A. C. V. Neves Junior, F. A. Santos, R. N. S. Lemos, and J. M. Mondego. "Emergence and Initial Growth of the Seedlings of Euterpe oleracea Mart. Seeds of Different Ecotypes in Function on the Substrate." Journal of Agricultural Science 10, no. 10 (September 15, 2018): 325. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v10n10p325.
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In Brazil, the assai (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) is a native palm of the Amazon biome, being exploited in an extractive and predatory way to obtain palm heart and processed pulp. In recent years, there has been an increase in the exploitation of commercial plantations in the country, since extractivism and management of native areas are not able to meet growing demand. In this way, companies of the sector and public institutions have invested in new technologies, such as the improvement of plants, which has increased the demand for good quality seeds, coming from natural ecotypes. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate seeds of E. oleracea from three ecotypes regarding the emergence and initial growth of the seedlings in different substrates to guide future plant selection. Seed lots from three assai berry ecotypes were evaluated for water content, seedling emergence, first count, seedling emergence speed index, seedling length and dry mass. The experimental design was completely randomized, with four repetitions of 50 seeds, sown on different substrates. In the physiological characteristics of the seeds and seedlings, there are differences of the three E. oleracea ecotypes. These ecotypes make it possible to identify and select assai palm’s mother plants of Luiz Domingues (IG) and Maracanã (V) natives of areas of the igapó and várzea, respectively, as producers of better quality seeds and seedlings in an alternative substrate (composed of sand, agricultural soil and cattle manure in a proportion of 2:2:1) and, commercial substrate (FORTH® compound of pinus and gray bark), respectively.
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Thunis, Philippe, Alain Clappier, Enrico Pisoni, Bertrand Bessagnet, Jeroen Kuenen, Marc Guevara, and Susana Lopez-Aparicio. "A multi-pollutant and multi-sectorial approach to screening the consistency of emission inventories." Geoscientific Model Development 15, no. 13 (July 8, 2022): 5271–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-5271-2022.
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Abstract. Some studies show that significant uncertainties affect emission inventories, which may impeach conclusions based on air-quality model results. These uncertainties result from the need to compile a wide variety of information to estimate an emission inventory. In this work, we propose and discuss a screening method to compare two emission inventories, with the overall goal of improving the quality of emission inventories by feeding back the results of the screening to inventory compilers who can check the inconsistencies found and, where applicable, resolve errors. The method targets three different aspects: (1) the total emissions assigned to a series of large geographical areas, countries in our application; (2) the way these country total emissions are shared in terms of sector of activity; and (3) the way inventories spatially distribute emissions from countries to smaller areas, cities in our application. The first step of the screening approach consists of sorting the data and keeping only emission contributions that are relevant enough. In a second step, the method identifies, among those significant differences, the most important ones that provide evidence of methodological divergence and/or errors that can be found and resolved in at least one of the inventories. The approach has been used to compare two versions of the CAMS-REG European-scale inventory over 150 cities in Europe for selected activity sectors. Among the 4500 screened pollutant sectors, about 450 were kept as relevant, among which 46 showed inconsistencies. The analysis indicated that these inconsistencies arose almost equally from large-scale reporting and spatial distribution differences. They mostly affect SO2 and PM coarse emissions from the industrial and residential sectors. The screening approach is general and can be used for other types of applications related to emission inventories.
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Припутина, И. В., and I. V. Priputina. "Modeling the Productivity of Forest Plantations with the Different Spacing the Trees." Mathematical Biology and Bioinformatics 11, no. 2 (November 8, 2016): 245–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.17537/2016.11.245.
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The main objective of this study was to assess the biomass productivity of short-rotation forest plantations depending on different spacing between trees. Our simulations were focused on the birch plantation with the initial density of 2500 trees·ha-1, which could be reached by using two planting schemes: with the distances between trees in a row and between rows, respectively, 2 and 2 m or 1 and 4 m. We used the model EFIMOD-fbp-REG, and the soil-climatic data relevant to the Eutric Podzoluvisols disposed in the Republic of Mariy El in the Eastern part of European Russia. The results showed greater biomass of trees in the planting scheme of 1 × 4 m. With the scheme of 2 × 2 m, increments of diameters and heights of most trees decreased at the age of 15–20 years, and then the total number of trees strongly reduced. Intensive death of trees with the scheme of 2 × 2 m was due to the procedure simulating the self-thinning of trees, which was used in the model. It is based on the use of the threshold ratio of an annual biomass increment of the tree to the total tree biomass, IP/BT. With the planting scheme of 2 × 2 m, the almost simultaneous closing of crowns and root areas of neighboring trees in rows and between rows was the cause a competition for light and for available soil nitrogen, and resulted in a sharp reduction of biomass increments. As a consequence, the value of IP/BT was below the threshold. With the planting scheme of 1 x 4 m, step-by-step (or gradual) closing of crowns and root areas of trees (first in the rows and then between rows) reduced the competition effects, that ensured a higher growth rate of the tree stand in the next years.
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Jepsen, Randi, Cecilie Lindström Egholm, John Brodersen, Erik Simonsen, Jesper Grarup, Arne Cyron, Christina Ellervik, and Knud Rasmussen. "Lolland-Falster Health Study: Study protocol for a household-based prospective cohort study." Scandinavian Journal of Public Health 48, no. 4 (September 17, 2018): 382–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1403494818799613.
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Introduction: Lolland-Falster consists of two islands in the southern part of Denmark where income is lower and life expectancy is shorter than in the general Danish population. It is a mixed rural-provincial area with approximately 100,000 inhabitants. The Lolland-Falster Health Study was initiated to gain knowledge on the determinants of health in this disadvantaged area. Methods: The study is a household-based prospective cohort study including people of all ages. The entire household of randomly selected inhabitants is allocated either to an invited group or to an uninvited, non-contacted control group. The data collection encompasses questionnaires, physical examination and biological samples, i.e. blood and urine for same-day analysis and biobank storage, and saliva and faeces also for biobank storage. The civil registration number links collected data for each individual, family and household, with information in Danish registers. The data collection started in February 2016 and is estimated to end by 2019 after the enrolment of 20,000 people. Analysis: A number of in-depth sub-studies are planned. Emphasis will be given to analysis of intra- and inter-family variations in health determinants, genetics, lifestyle and health status. Ethics: Region Zealand’s Ethical Committee on Health Research (SJ-421) and the Danish Data Protection Agency (REG-24-2015) approved the study. Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02482896). Strength and limitations of this study: The strength of this study is that Lolland-Falster Health Study is a useful scientific resource for investigating cross-sectional difference and time trends within and between individuals, families and households. LOFUS adds diversity to the previously collected Danish population studies in urbanized areas. The limitation is that data collection is expensive. Conclusions: LOFUS will contribute to the knowledge on health in disadvantaged, rural-provincial areas.
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Mulska, Olha, Olha Levytska, Volodymyr Panchenko, Maryana Kohut, and Taras Vasyltsiv. "Causality of external population migration intensity and regional socio-economic development of Ukraine." Problems and Perspectives in Management 18, no. 3 (October 9, 2020): 426–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.18(3).2020.35.
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The Carpathian Region (Zakarpattia, Lviv, Chernivtsi, and Ivano-Frankivsk) is inferior to other regions in Ukraine regarding its economic development, which does not contribute to migration stability and, rather, serves as a factor motivating the active part of the population to emigrate. The problem of the labor market disproportions in the Carpathian Region is one of the significant causes of the formation and subsequent implementation of migration intentions, especially in rural areas, less economically developed areas, and district centers, where labor demand is much lower. The research aims to develop an innovative approach to calculating the intensity of the population’s external migration based on the introduction of a correction coefficient, which enables to consider the scale of transit migration in the Carpathian Region. The data presented in the study were collected for the period 2005–2018. Granger causality analysis is used to assess the relationship between migration and socio-economic development of the region. The analysis reveals that in all regions of the Carpathian Region, there is a short-run causal relationship between the intensity of external migration and the share of total household expenditure on food; in the medium run, the real household income, the size of the average monthly wages, and the volume of foreign portfolio investment, the foreign economic activity and retail trade turnover in the region; in the long run, living standards and indicators of economic growth. Future studies may require a more diverse set of indicators to evaluate the causal relationship in other regions of Ukraine, which will provide the integrity of the results of Granger causality analysis. AcknowledgmentThe research has been conducted within the framework of applied research ‘Migration Activity of the Population of the Carpathian Region’ (Dolishniy Institute of Regional Research of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Reg. No. 0119U002010, 2019–2021).