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Published: 26 July 2024

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1

Carr, Christopher. "Variation in Environmental Impact at Rock Climb Areas in Red River Gorge Geological Area and Adjacent Clifty Wilderness, Daniel Boone National Forest, Kentucky." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1178812135.

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2

Chaildin, Mark. "WIRELESS INFRA-RED SENSOR." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/604110.

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ITC/USA 2006 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Second Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 23-26, 2006 / Town and Country Resort & Convention Center, San Diego, California
For several decades, the military has used the Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement System (MILES) with a series of iR sensors along a belt fastened to a vehicle for training and simulation. Now, an alternative to this legacy system, a solar rechargeable battery powered wireless IR sensor is replacing wired sensors. The use of short-range RF communications network, allows the MILES sensors strategic placement about a combat vehicle without the umbilical cabling normally required for power and signal coupling from the players processing unit. The RF network operates in the 340 to 380 MHz band, has channeling capability of over 1600 channels, and coexists with the vehicles on board high-powered radios without interference. The wireless sensor implements a custom designed IR sensing amplifier, designed for maximum sensitivity and minimal power dissipation, along with advanced semiconductor IC’s for signal processing and power conversion. Solar recharging enables the sensor to operate for extended time, on a single battery that should last for years without replacement. A proprietary software protocol, developed for communication integrity, is a critical part of the overall system and supports other sensor types and control elements with low data rates for a wireless Vehicle Area Network. The system, successfully installed on several military training platforms, proves to be a viable product for military training and simulation systems for the 21st century.
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Carr, Christopher. "Research to Inform the Management of Protected Natural Areas." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1415615423.

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4

Rosete, Lima Gabriel Angel. "Diseño de una red heterogénea de investigación en iluminación circadiana domotizada." Tesis de doctorado, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11799/109990.

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Es una tesis de doctorado en Diseño sobre el Diseño de una Red de Investigación en Iluminación Circadiana Domotizada
Las actuales aportaciones tecnocientíficas enfocadas al confort, especialmente dirigidas a complementar los espacios arquitectónicos, abren una importante gama de posibilidades al Diseño, profundizando en el conocimiento del ser humano y postulando las características naturales que requiere en su entorno inmediato. Respecto a las aportaciones en el tema, el enfoque se encuentra principalmente en la construcción de una red heterogénea de investigación en iluminación circadiana domotizada© que facilite al investigador, la construcción de los estudios aquí señalados, para mejorar la sincronización del ritmo circadiano en los habitantes principalmente asociados a una vida de ciudad, con sus particulares actores geográficos, urbano-administrativos y ambientales que, a su vez, permita fomentar una vida con mayor confort y salud. En esta investigación, se analizaron una serie de aspectos asociados, de entre los que destacan, la iluminación natural que procede del sol, la iluminación en un espacio construido y las formas de intervención lumínicas artificializadas. Numerosas investigaciones han estudiado la respuesta que tienen los organismos biológicos a esta iluminación natural, así como algunas complicaciones con el uso permanente de iluminación artificial; debido a las actividades sociales, económicas, tecnológicas y laborales, particularmente en las poblaciones urbanas; observando y analizando la forma en que se generan los desajustes en el flujo natural de la neurobiología humana. En paralelo, se diseñó un sensor fototrópico© domotizado que permitió caracterizar la marcha lumínica diaria en sus principales componentes luminosos; posteriormente se diseñó un dispositivo de iluminación circadiana y se puso en experimentación en situación directa con una actividad humana. El presente trabajo muestra dos tipos de diseño, 1. La construcción de la red heterogénea de investigación en iluminación circadiana domotizada©; que, en un principio, se desarrolló a partir del análisis y comprensión de la literatura existente en iluminación, circadianismo y domótica, así como de la observación y práctica en algunos laboratorios especializados en iluminación. Esto, dio paso a la construcción de las dimensiones que componen la red y a cada uno de sus aspectos y elementos. 2. A partir del diseño anterior, se implementó la puesta en marcha de la red heterogénea de investigación, la cual se formuló en diferentes etapas investigativas que comprende desde el diseño e implementación de instrumental especializado, la caracterización lumínica natural, el desarrollo de un dispositivo de iluminación circadiana©, basado en la marcha lumínica diaria©, hasta la instalación y puesta en marcha en un espacio de actividades escolares como estudio de caso, para documentar su respuesta de confort. Durante el estudio de la literatura existente, se encontró que el entorno habitable juega un importante factor de influencia para la implementación de diferentes sincronizadores que estimulan al ritmo circadiano humano. Haciendo uso de la red heterogénea de investigación propuesta en el presente trabajo, se comprobó la obtención y réplica de los valores aproximados para la intervención y emulación lumínica artificial en un espacio arquitectónico, generando propuestas de diseño para espacios integrales, inteligentes, saludables y confortables. Derivado del diseño de la red heterogénea de investigación en iluminación circadiana domotizada©, se generó otra declinación del diseño investigativo, mismo que pasó por aspectos específicos de diseño de: 1. pesquisas sobre la observación del fenómeno natural de la iluminación, mediante el diseño de instrumental avanzado para su observación analítica denominado sensor fototrópico©,toma de datos de la exposición luminosa diaria real en un punto geográfico, procesamiento y caracterización de la marcha lumínica diaria© (MLD). Estos aspectos fueron desarrollados en la perspectiva de fundamentar las siguientes dos dimensiones. 2. Pesquisas sobre la influencia que existe entre los cambios de la MLD y la sincronización del ritmo circadiano en el ser humano; considerando a la iluminación natural, como el principal medio de sincronización del reloj biológico y, por lo tanto, el soporte fundamental para diseñar dispositivos de iluminación emuladores de la MLD. Estos aspectos fueron tratados de manera relacional con las otras dos dimensiones de la red: por un lado, tomando la utilidad de los resultados de la MLD a la luz de las investigaciones neurobiológicas circadianas y; por otro lado, fundamentar la idea circadiana del vínculo entre MLD y su emulación artificial. 3. Pesquisas sobre la emulación de la MLD en un espacio construido mediante el diseño de una luminaria capaz de replicar sus principales factores mediante el diseño, integración y aplicación de software y hardware, capaz de emitir instrucciones para la emulación de la MLD en el dispositivo de iluminación adaptable a los espacios arquitectónicos convencionales. Estos aspectos fueron desarrollados a partir de los resultados de las primeras dos dimensiones, mismos que se integraron en la propuesta de investigaciones de dispositivos de iluminación circadiana domótica©. Finalmente. Las dimensiones anteriores se integraron en una propuesta de un dispositivo de iluminación circadiana domotizada© (ICD) en un espacio escolar como estudio de caso, para investigar cambios en el desempeño de la reproducción colorimétrica del medio circundante, de escolares de educación básica en México; en el entendido que un buen desempeño escolar, sería un símbolo de confort lumínico. Además de lo anterior, en esta propuesta de dispositivo de ICD, se pone en juego las tres dimensiones heterogéneas y muestran la escala mínima de una red de investigación de ICD. El dispositivo, pone en relación y retroalimenta cada una de las tres dimensiones, en el sentido que, respecto a la primera fijaría la MLD en un punto geográfico exacto; a la segunda, precisaría los mejores lapsos horarios de cierta actividad humana y; a la tercera, mejoraría la integración de la propuesta de iluminación emulada. El enfoque epistemológico de esta investigación es la teoría actor-red. Es una episteme que permite reunir sintéticamente los elementos que interactúan en escenarios asociados indisolublemente. Con este enfoque se diseñó la red heterogénea de investigación en iluminación circadiana domotizada y se puso en marcha mediante instrumentos técnicos para la emulación artificializada del fenómeno lumínico natural para la sincronización del ritmo circadiano, en función de las actividades humanas. Se trata, parafraseando a Arellano, de un enfoque metodológico y de diseño hacia el confort, que proporciona elementos para investigar y desarrollar la elaboración de asociaciones heterogéneas de naturalezas, de artefactos y de colectivos humanos.
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del, Campo Barquín Luis Matias. "A bio-socio-economic simulation model for management of the red sea urchin fishery in Chile." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/69.

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This study focused on the management of the red sea urchin Loxechinus albus fishery in Chile. The main objective was to design, construct, implement and assess a computer-based simulation model to analyse the biological effects, socio-economic consequences and spatial dynamics resulting from coastal management plans applied to this resource under the system of AMEBR. This was accomplished by using systems dynamics (SD) and geographical information systems (GIS) modelling, in a process of model development, run, optimisation, sensitivity analysis and risk management, and a series of field-based activities carried out at the cove of Quintay. The GIS model developed for allocating sea urchins restocking sites offered a flexible, cost-effective, user-friendly and descriptive technique for support decision-making on management of this species and other benthic resources. Final site selection for restocking was based on the identification, quantification and selection of higher suitability¦availability combinations (site categories). This map showed 16 different suitability¦availability combinations or site categories, ranging from 4¦100 to 8¦100 (suitability points¦availability %). These had an average of 6.44¦69.37 (covering an area of 82.5 Ha overall equivalent to 81.21% of the study area. This site classification demonstrated high heterogeneity between options, and revealed the full variety of alternatives for decision-making. More importantly, the generally high suitability indexes as well as available area emphasised the prospects for restocking sea urchins in this study area. Over and above of the quantitative outcomes obtained from running the GISRM (suitable and available restocking sites) and the BSESM (alternative strategic management plans), the case study-based analysis made it possible to disclose the wider issues related to the red sea urchin coastal management. These results demonstrated the biological inefficiency of traditional size/seasonal restriction-based approach (macro-scenario 1) for sustainable management of the target species. More importantly, final outcomes strongly suggested that a combination of adaptive restocking-based enhancement activities and flexible exploitation constituted a highly attractive approach (macro-scenario 3) for stock management of this fishery in terms of harvestable stock and related incomes. However from the economic analysis, stocking was also found to be economically unfeasible, being a rather cost intensive exercise negatively affected by high natural mortality rates. A single-variable optimisation analysis demonstrated that a higher survival rate is needed to generate sufficient profits to cover major restocking costs and a positive payment, or a cost reduction is essential to make up for the loss. On top to these practical constraints, based on the distinctive modest economic situation prevailing for most Chilean coves and hence their limited capacity to pay for stocking material, unless adequate and constant funding is available to support artisanal associations, they are very unlikely to develop mass release programmes. Given the economic (i.e.: high operating costs) and technical (i.e.: low survival rates) limitations conditioning stocking-based management cost-effectiveness and applicability, wide implementation of mass releases as a major approach for management of the red sea urchin fishery is very unlikely to take place in Chile. This study presents a methodology and offers a tool to design, evaluate and optimise coastal management plans for the red sea urchin in a dynamic, interactive, systematic, integrated and flexible way. The optional strategic management plans proposed on this study may not be applied equally to any AMEBR, as they are the outputs arising from a single cove-specific analysis. Still, the complete methodological framework and analysis procedures developed may be applied to run the BSESM and optimise management of a red sea urchin fishery at any other AMEBR case of study.
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6

Tarquini, Nicolás. "Proyecto de red colectora cloacal loteo area 158 - Villa María - Córdoba." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11086/1487.

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Práctica Supervisada (IC)--FCEFN-UNC, 2014
Detalla el procedimiento para el estudio y planificación de la red colectora cloacal del loteo area 158, se encuentra ubicado en el acceso de la autopista Córdoba-Rosario por la RN 158 al ingreso hacia la ciudad de Villa María, provincia de Córdoba. Analiza las características naturales y artificiales del loteo, lograr la vinculación entre el loteo y el sistema cloacal. Proyección de la población, periodo de diseño y por último se procederá con el cálculo de la red colectora cloacal para finalizar con el cómputo de la obra que se le anexarä el presupuesto estimativo de la misma.
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7

Schneider, Amy Elizabeth. "Continued study of the use of created ponds for amphibian breeding in fragmented forested areas." [Huntington, WV : Marshall University Libraries], 2008. http://www.marshall.edu/etd/descript.asp?ref=876.

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8

LO, IACONO EVA. "THE GREY AREAS IN TRAFFICKING OF NIGERIAN WOMEN: FROM TRAFFICKED WOMEN TO PERPETRATOR OF TRAFFICKING." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/2458.

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Non esistono dati statistici certi sul numero totale di donne nigeriane trafficate annualmente in Italia ed introdotte nel mercato del sesso. Di fronte a questo ampio numero oscuro, bisogna porsi delle domande: cosa succede alla vittima di tratta quando non trova alcuna forma di aiuto o assistenza sociale? Cosa avviene quando non riesce ad uscire dal mercato del sesso? Secondo testimoni diretti e fonti ufficiali, tra le attuali madams vi sono anche ex vittime che hanno fatto carriera nella gerarchia della tratta e dentro le organizzazioni criminali. La mobilità femminile verso il lato gestionale di questo crimine rappresenta la caratteristica più rilevante della tratta di matrice nigeriana: vale a dire, le vittime sono condotte nel corso del tempo a svolgere una parte attiva nel complesso progetto criminale. Questo elemento distintivo al modello nigeriano richiede un’analisi approfondita, tramite nuovi approcci intesi a sottolineare: a) le aree grigie del mercato della tratta; b) i ruoli intermedi che gli individui ricoprono all'interno del modello vittima/reo; c) la mobilità femminile nella gerarchia dei gruppi criminali. Attraverso metodi di stampo antropologico, questo contributo intende effettuare una analisi più approfondita sui molteplici ruoli delle donne nel mercato della tratta umana.
There are not clear figures regarding the group of Nigerian women who are lured annually in the sex market in Italy. Facing such a dark number, several questions on the lives of these unknown women arise: What happens to the trafficking victims who do not find any form of social aid or assistance? What happens when the former trafficked women are not able to exit from the trade industry? According to eyewitness accounts as well as official sources, some current madams were trafficked women in the past. They made a career in the trafficking hierarchy and its organised crime groups. The female mobility towards the organisational side of the trafficking offence represents the most striking characteristic of Nigerian trade industry; that is, the victims are included by their persecutors as active part of a more complex criminal project. Such a distinctive element of Nigerian criminal model needs to be analysed through new approaches aimed at highlighting: a) the grey areas in the trade industry; b) the intermediate roles within the victim/offender model; c) the female vertical mobility in the trafficking hierarchy. Through an ethnographic methodological framework, this study wants to analyse the multiple female roles in the trafficking industry.
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LO, IACONO EVA. "THE GREY AREAS IN TRAFFICKING OF NIGERIAN WOMEN: FROM TRAFFICKED WOMEN TO PERPETRATOR OF TRAFFICKING." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/2458.

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Non esistono dati statistici certi sul numero totale di donne nigeriane trafficate annualmente in Italia ed introdotte nel mercato del sesso. Di fronte a questo ampio numero oscuro, bisogna porsi delle domande: cosa succede alla vittima di tratta quando non trova alcuna forma di aiuto o assistenza sociale? Cosa avviene quando non riesce ad uscire dal mercato del sesso? Secondo testimoni diretti e fonti ufficiali, tra le attuali madams vi sono anche ex vittime che hanno fatto carriera nella gerarchia della tratta e dentro le organizzazioni criminali. La mobilità femminile verso il lato gestionale di questo crimine rappresenta la caratteristica più rilevante della tratta di matrice nigeriana: vale a dire, le vittime sono condotte nel corso del tempo a svolgere una parte attiva nel complesso progetto criminale. Questo elemento distintivo al modello nigeriano richiede un’analisi approfondita, tramite nuovi approcci intesi a sottolineare: a) le aree grigie del mercato della tratta; b) i ruoli intermedi che gli individui ricoprono all'interno del modello vittima/reo; c) la mobilità femminile nella gerarchia dei gruppi criminali. Attraverso metodi di stampo antropologico, questo contributo intende effettuare una analisi più approfondita sui molteplici ruoli delle donne nel mercato della tratta umana.
There are not clear figures regarding the group of Nigerian women who are lured annually in the sex market in Italy. Facing such a dark number, several questions on the lives of these unknown women arise: What happens to the trafficking victims who do not find any form of social aid or assistance? What happens when the former trafficked women are not able to exit from the trade industry? According to eyewitness accounts as well as official sources, some current madams were trafficked women in the past. They made a career in the trafficking hierarchy and its organised crime groups. The female mobility towards the organisational side of the trafficking offence represents the most striking characteristic of Nigerian trade industry; that is, the victims are included by their persecutors as active part of a more complex criminal project. Such a distinctive element of Nigerian criminal model needs to be analysed through new approaches aimed at highlighting: a) the grey areas in the trade industry; b) the intermediate roles within the victim/offender model; c) the female vertical mobility in the trafficking hierarchy. Through an ethnographic methodological framework, this study wants to analyse the multiple female roles in the trafficking industry.
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10

Porteus, Thomas Allen. "Evaluation of restricted-area culling strategies to control local red fox density." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/52847.

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Lethal control of red foxes is often implemented on restricted areas where immigration from neighbouring sources is expected to make it difficult to keep local fox density low. The justification of lethal wildlife control should include demonstrating its effectiveness. To this end, population dynamics modelling may help to assess the performance of different control strategies in a range of real-world circumstances. A Bayesian state-space model for within-year fox population dynamics was developed that could be fitted to data on daily culling effort and success obtained from gamekeepers on shooting estates in Britain. The estimation model included parameters for key population processes within the culling area: immigration, cub recruitment and non-culling mortality. A simulation-estimation study showed that given a minimum of three years’ data the estimation of fox density and demographic parameters was reliable. Informative priors for the key model parameters were constructed using empirical data and meta-analysis. Data from 22 estates were modelled on a two-weekly time-step. Most estates achieved some suppression of the fox population relative to estimated carrying capacity, but few maintained consistently low densities. The number of foxes killed was a poor indicator of culling effectiveness, highlighting the need for modelling. Estimated immigration rates onto estates were typically high, indicating rapid replacement of culled foxes. There was unexpectedly high spatial variation among estates in estimated carrying capacity and immigration rate. There was evidence from a limited subset of estates that the variable density of released game birds may explain this. The food requirement of the fox population during the nesting period was assumed to indicate predation pressure on wild birds. Alternative culling strategies to reduce this requirement were evaluated using posterior parameter estimates from some estates. Culling concentrated in spring and summer only was more effective than culling uniformly throughout the year. Autumn-only culling was not an effective strategy for wild birds. Open-loop strategies were most effective as culling effort was used all the time. However, closed-loop strategies, where culling effort was conditional on feedback from simulated field-sign searches, achieved similar effects on food requirements using less effort. This revealed trade-offs between effectiveness, cost and animal welfare.
Science, Faculty of
Zoology, Department of
Graduate
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11

Balin, Donna F. "Upper Old Red Sandstone sedimentation in the Eastern Midland Valley area, Scotland." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.307572.

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12

Gallegos, Cortijo Carlos Alonso. "Diseño de una red óptica inalámbrica para el envío de voz y datos en areas no urbanas." Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2009. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/699.

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El presente trabajo de tesis trata sobre el Diseño de una Red Óptica Inalámbrica para el envío de voz y datos para áreas no urbanas. Consiste en conectar dos puntos; los cuales son un cañón de disparo y una base aérea, los cuales se deben encontrar en alguna de las zonas fronterizas del país. La tecnología usada actualmente para conectar estos dos puntos es la radiofrecuencia, la cual cosiste del envío de datos por medio de voz a través de radio. Esta tecnología es ineficiente debido a que es sensible a interferencias y toma demasiado tiempo para completarse; por lo que se propone cambiarla, este nuevo medio de transmisión debe ser inalámbrico y completamente inmune a la interferencia electromagnética, además debe tratarse de un medio seguro. En el trabajo de tesis se realizó un estudio sobre las tecnologías existentes, llegando a la conclusión que la que mejor se adapta es la Red Óptica Inalámbrica. Por lo que una vez elegida la tecnología se procede a analizar las condiciones donde se instalará esta, por lo que se llega a la conclusión que la mejor zona de instalación es la ciudad de Tacna, ya que debido a su clima y su geografía asegura un buen desempeño de esta tecnología. Una vez elegido el lugar, se analizan diferentes modelos de cañones de luz, y se procede a elegir el modelo SONAbeam 155-m, se analizará a fondo este modelo, llegando a la conclusión que su uso es altamente eficiente para el enlace que se requiere implementar. Al final del trabajo se pudo comprobar que la tecnología escogida, red óptica inalámbrica, es eficiente para reemplazar al uso de radio frecuencia en las aplicaciones requeridas, tales como tener una comunicación segura a alta velocidad.
Tesis
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au, j. anderson@murdoch edu, and Jonathan Anderson. "Impacts of Amending Bauxite Residue Sands with Residue Fines for the Establishment of Vegetation on Residue Disposal Areas." Murdoch University, 2009. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20090831.155453.

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Long term storage of bauxite residue materials requires a capping stratum which will limit erosion while stabilizing slopes, limit deep infiltration of water into storage piles, and be aesthetically acceptable to the surrounding community. A diverse native vegetative community capable of surviving seasonal drought, low plant available water and nutrient constraints has the best potential of satisfying most, if not all of these requirements. Current and past rehabilitation of residue disposal areas (RDAs) using species native to southwest Western Australia has exhibited varying success. Current practices at Alcoa World Alumina Australia’s (Alcoa) Western Australia refineries have bauxite residue fines (< 150 ìm) stored within impoundments, in which the outer embankments are constructed with bauxite residue sands (> 150 ìm). The residue sands are also used as the growth media in the capping stratum for vegetation establishment on the disposal sites. Despite the inherently hostile properties of residue sand (pH > 10, EC(1:5) > 4 dS m-1, and ESP > 50), reductions in alkalinity (pH), salinity (EC) and sodicity (ESP) are corrected, through freshwater leaching, to a greater extent than is possible with residue fines. Although leaching can reduce the hostile character of residue sand, additions of phosphogypsum are typically added to expedite the removal of Na and alkalinity, and inorganic fertilizers are incorporated to improve the nutrient status of the growth media. However, due to the inconsistencies in vegetation establishment, which are attributed to poor water retention, inherent nutrient deficiencies and rapid loss of nutrients within residue sands (because of high hydraulic conductivity), further amendments are required. The aim of this study was to determine if amending the residue sand capping layer with residue fines would enhance its overall growth potential for vegetation establishment. Additions of fines to residue sands were predicted to increase water retention, add nutrients and increase the ability of the growth media to retain nutrients. Comparisons were made between the treated residue fines (seawater washed, carbonated, or unaltered) at a series of fines additions (1 - 20 % w/w) and a control(residue sand) amended with 2% (w/w) phosphogypsum and inorganic fertilizer. Comparisons were to determine the differences in 1) water retention, 2) nutrient concentrations and nutrient retention, and 3) plant growth responses and plant biomass nutrient concentrations between the growth media treatments. Four experiments were set up to measure differences in these variables which included: a glasshouse study involving the growth of Acacia saligna; a germination and emergence study (A.saligna); a two year field study in Western Australia; and a glasshouse column leaching study. Water retention increased with increasing percentage of residue fines addition. Plant available water (PAW) increased up to 110 %, with a 20 % increase in fines, representing an increase of 0.026 m3 PAW m-3 residue growth media, when compared to the residue sand only. This increase in PAW was attributed to changes in pore space distributions, due to the increasing fines contents altering the sandy texture to loamy sand texture class. However, initially much of this increase in PAW may not be realized, due to estimated temporary increases in osmotic potential associated with the high salt contents of residue sand and fines. Fines materials have much greater salt contents, and thus need to be leached to a greater extent than sands to remove the associated osmotic potential effects. Essential plant nutrients (P, K, S, Ca, Mg, and B) were increased with additions of residue fines in the glasshouse studies, although many nutrients (Mg, Zn, Mn and B) were still marginal for sustainable plant growth and development. Seawater treated residue fines additions produced the greatest increases in growth media nutrients with substantial increases in soluble (> 7 mg L-1) and exchangeable (> 0.10 cmolc kg-1) Mg, being up to 400 % greater than all other treatments. Along with these necessary nutrients, concentrations of Na were also increased in all fines additions treatments. Added Na may offset the benefits of fines additions, at least in the short term, due to inhibitions of cation uptake from Na competition. However, in the column leaching study soluble and exchangeable Na was lost rapidly from the profile, due to Ca and K displacement of Na from exchange sites during leaching. Soluble Na was removed from the profile to < 5 % of initial concentrations, after only three pore volumes of leaching, and exchangeable Na was removed from charge sites to less than 25 % of the initial concentration. Fines additions did increase concentrations of Mg and K on exchange sites, thus reflecting increased nutrient retention capacity relative to that in residue sand only. Plant growth responses and plant biomass nutrient concentrations were altered with the additions of residue fines to residue sands. The germination and emergence study demonstrated that the emergence of native seedlings was affected by additions of fines, due to the increased salinity and sodicity of the materials. Acacia saligna seedling emergence was inhibited by EC(1:5) > 2 dS m-1, which was highly correlated with a Na/Ca ratio of > 40, for all treatments, except the seawater fines additions. Seeds sown in seawater treatments emerged from growth media with EC(1:5) as high as 3.33 dS m-1 and appeared to be better correlated with Ca/Mg ratios than any other variable. Native vegetation growth responses showed mixed results in fines treated residues in the field. In the greenhouse study, plant growth tended to decrease with fines additions. Poor plant growth with increasing fines additions occurred despite the increased water retention and increased nutrients. This was attributed to the addition of Na associated with the residue fines, as increases in Na, EC and ESP in fines treatments all appear to have limited growth of Acacia saligna in the glasshouse over three months. Seawater fines additions had elevated Mg and B concentrations in plant biomass, and performed better than the carbonated or unaltered fines treatments, but still had reduced growth compared to the residue sand, which contained lower Na concentrations. Additional plant growth limitations may have occurred, due to possible plant nutrient deficiencies including: Mg, Zn, Mn and B and Na toxicity. Incorporation of residue fines into residue sands did increase water retention, nutrient concentrations and the nutrient retention capacity, but did not enhance the overall growth potential for vegetation, at least in the short term. Reductions in germination and emergence of seedlings and reduced plant growth were attributed to increases in Na concentrations introduced from the fines. Seawater washed residue fines had lower ESP and greater concentrations of nutrients, thus reducing the negative impacts from the additional Na introduced, and showed the greatest promise as a fines amendment. As leaching occurs over the first few initial months of rehabilitation, it is expected that the majority of the Na will be removed, from a system with an addition of 5 to 10 % fines, and the positive benefits of the fines additions will than be realized. Findings also illustrate that delaying the planting of vegetation on RDAs, until adequate leaching has occurred to reduce the Na concentrations, will substantially increase vegetation emergence and establishment.
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14

Medeiros, Leonardo Andrade. "?rea e volume da esfera." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2014. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/18667.

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In this dissertation, we present a study on the teaching of volume of the sphere and the area of spherical surface. On this topic, a quali-quantitative was taken survey with the objective of identifying how these topics are addressed. For this, we made 14 questions to 30 teachers of Natal and the results of this survey are presented and discussed. After that, we present alternative ways to derive the formulas of the volume of a sphere and the are of a spherical surface
Neste trabalho apresentamos um estudo sobre o ensino das f?rmulas para o c?lculo do volume da esfera e da ?rea da superf?cie esf?rica. Sobre este tema, foi feita uma pesquisa de car?ter quanti-qualitativo com o objetivo de identi car de que forma estes temas s?o abordados. Para isso, zemos 14 perguntas a 30 professores de Natal e os resultados desta pesquisa s?o apresentados e discutidos. Depois disso, apresentamos formas alternativas de deduzir as f?rmulas do volume de uma esfera e da ?rea de uma superf?cie esf?rica.
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15

Blackwell, Lindsey Diane. "The integration of information and communication technologies in the content areas and adolescent motivation." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2010. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4670.

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This study was designed to investigate the types of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) integrated into the content area classrooms of two local high schools, and whether the use of these ICTs motivated adolescent students to read and write in the content areas. The investigator created a student survey, student, teacher, and other support faculty interview protocols, and a classroom observation protocol to collect data for the study. The investigator faced several challenges which prevented her from spending adequate time in the schools. Due to these challenges, sufficient data was not obtained to form conclusions about the research questions. This thesis will present the review of literature, methodology, and plan for completing the study in the future.
ID: 029050277; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Thesis (M.Ed.)--University of Central Florida, 2010.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 65-68).
M.Ed.
Masters
Department of Teaching, Learning, and Leadership
Education
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16

Dunham, Ian M. "Street Credit: Neighborhood Level Predictors of Financial Inclusion in Four U.S. Metropolitan Areas." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2015. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/353241.

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Geography
Ph.D.
Financial inclusion has gained recognition as both a domestic and international governance objective. However, full participation in the financial sector remains an elusive goal, and a number of significant questions present themselves regarding defining the scope of financial inclusion and formulating efficacious policy to ensure access to and promoting the usage of financial services. Paramount among these questions is the relationship between the geographic aspects of retail financial markets and consumer outcomes including rates of savings and indebtedness, the types of consumer credit utilized, and levels of unbanked and underbanked populations. The central aim of this research is to address this lack of understanding by using quantitative analytical tools including geographic information systems (GIS) and spatial regression analysis to examine relationships between the uneven geography of retail financial services, mortgage lending activity, and sociodemographic variables. Four metropolitan study areas in the United States—Las Vegas, Nevada; Los Angeles, California; Miami, Florida; and Philadelphia, Pennsylvania—are examined in order to address a range of question related to the neighborhood level determinants of financial inclusion. This study will provide a foundation for improving policy solutions through contributing to the understanding of how data-driven and analytical approaches can be applied to this problem. Specifically, the following research questions are addressed: 1) How does the spatial distribution of mainstream financial institutions (banks and credit unions) and alternative financial service providers (AFSPs) contribute to financial inclusion at the neighborhood level? What is the geographic relationship between these services; and how does access to these services interact with neighborhood demographic variables and mortgage lending activity? 2) How can traditional approaches to spatial analysis of mortgage lending be improved and expanded to incorporate new spatial analysis methods and better understand how mortgage credit denial and subprime lending interact with one another, as well as with neighborhood demographic variables? Building on scholarship in the academic areas of community reinvestment, asset building, and economic geography, this research contributes a number of new insights and refinements in methodology. The results of spatial regression analyses reveal significant predictive relationships, even after controlling for sociodemographic variables and spatial clustering by using simultaneous autoregressive (SAR) models. This research is unique in its examination of the relationship between the landscape of financial services in neighborhoods and mortgage lending activity, and finds that increasing levels of subprime mortgage lending in neighborhoods is predictive of nearer distance to AFSPs. Another finding is that higher percentages of black and Latino populations in neighborhoods are predictive of nearer proximity to AFSPs and greater distances to mainstream brick-and-mortar financial institution locations. A new method is developed to address the spatial void hypothesis, the spatial relationship between mainstream financial institutions and AFSPs. The results of binary logistic regression models indicate that neighborhoods where alternative service providers are more prevalent comparatively feature lower average income levels, higher percentages of minority residents, lower levels of educational attainment, and higher levels of both mortgage application denial and subprime mortgage lending. Advances are also made in developing regression models to address relationships between sociodemographic variables and mortgage lending activity. Using SAR modeling, this study finds that mortgage purchase denial is a strong predictor of subprime lending for home purchase and refinance loans. Confirming prior research findings with a new method, the percentage of the population that is black and Latino is found to be a statistically significant predictor of mortgage purchase denial, as well as rates of subprime mortgage purchase lending.
Temple University--Theses
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17

Silveira, Leonardo Palhares da. "M?todos de capina na restaura??o de uma ?rea degradada no munic?pio de Diamantina, MG." UFVJM, 2016. http://acervo.ufvjm.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/1382.

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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES)
O uso inadequado do ambiente provoca uma quebra na din?mica natural do ecossistema, prejudicando-o de forma geral todos os elementos que o comp?e. Os espa?os naturais v?m sendo alvo de diversas atividades antr?picas, o que ocasiona uma s?rie de impactos ambientais. Dentre eles pode-se citar os dep?sitos de res?duos s?lidos a c?u aberto, passivos ambientais que necessitam de planos de recupera??o. A presen?a de banco de semente, pl?ntulas, brota??es e vegeta??o potencializam os processos de recupera??o, entretanto, a presen?a de esp?cies ex?ticas com car?ter invasor minimizam o processo devido a sua alta competitividade quando comparadas a esp?cies nativas, sobrevivendo e reproduzindo nas mais diversas condi??es de estresses ambientais. Neste sentido, foi escolhida como ?rea de estudo, o dep?sito de res?duos s?lidos de Diamantina, desativado em 2002, situado no Campus Juscelino Kubitscheck, da Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, regi?o do Alto Jequitinhonha, Minas Gerais. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o melhor controle de gram?neas invasoras dos g?neros Melinis e Urochloa por meio de diferentes m?todos: manual, mec?nica, qu?mica e qu?mica + mec?nica, assim como a aplica??o de um m?todo n?o destrutivo, por meio de uso de imagens digitais analisadas pelo software ImageJ para an?lise do comportamento de tais esp?cies na ?rea degradada. Metodologicamente, conduziu-se o experimento por delineamento em blocos casualizados em 4 blocos, subdivididos em 16 parcelas com 4 tratamentos em cada e 4 repeti??es por bloco. A coleta da biomassa de gram?neas regenerantes frescas ocorreu ap?s 100 dias dos m?todos com aux?lio de uma moldura de ferro, com dimens?es de 1,0 x 1,0 m, em tr?s locais predefinidos em cada parcela, totalizando tr?s amostras coletadas por parcela e quarenta e oito amostras por bloco. As imagens utilizadas para an?lise e processamento no software ImageJ foram obtidas com a mesma moldura localizada nos locais predefinidos em cada parcela para os 4 blocos experimentais ap?s 100 dias dos diferentes tipos de m?todos. Os dados processados resultaram em uma varia??o entre os diferentes tipos de m?todos empregados. Obteve-se um menor controle na produ??o de biomassa fresca quando se utilizou controle mec?nico, seguido pela combina??o do m?todo mec?nico + qu?mico. Os m?todos qu?mico e manual apresentaram menores valores de produ??o de biomassa fresca enquanto a produ??o de mat?ria seca n?o apresentou diferen?a significativa estatisticamente. Os dados processados pelo software resultaram em n?tida varia??o entre os m?todos utilizados, com menor porcentagem de cobertura do substrato pelas esp?cies invasoras quando se utilizou controle qu?mico, seguido pelo m?todo manual. O m?todo mec?nico e tratamento qu?mico + mec?nico apresentaram os maiores percentuais de cobertura das esp?cies invasoras estatisticamente.
Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Ci?ncia Florestal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2016.
The environment for the inappropriate use causes a break in the natural dynamics of the ecosystem, damaging it in general all the elements that compose it. Natural spaces come target of various human activities, which causes a number of environmental impacts. Among them we can mention the deposits of solid waste in the open, environmental liabilities that require recovery plans. The presence of seed bank, seedlings, shoots and vegetation in enhancing the recovery process, however, the presence of exotic species with invasive character minimize the process due to its high competitiveness when compared to native species, surviving and reproducing in various conditions environmental stresses. In this sense, it was chosen as the study area, the solid waste open dumping site of Diamantina town, disabled in 2002, located in the Campus Juscelino Kubitschek of the Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Upper Jequitinhonha Valley, Minas Gerais. This study aimed to evaluate the best control invasive grasses the Melinis and Urochloa genres through different methods: manual, mechanical, chemical and chemical + mechanical, as well as the application of a non-destructive method, through use of images digital analyzed by ImageJ software for analysis of such kinds of behavior in the degraded area. Methodologically, the experiment was conducted by a randomized block design in 4 blocks, divided into 16 plots with 4 treatments each and 4 replicates per block. The gathered of fresh biomass regenerating grasses occurred after 100 days of weeding with the help of a 1.0 x 1.0 m iron frame in three pre-defined locations in each plot, with three samples per plot and forty and eight samples per block. The images used for analysis in ImageJ software and processing were obtained with the same frame located at the predefined locations in each plot for experimental 4 block after 100 days the different methods. The processed data resulting in a variation between the different types of methods employed. It was obtained less control in the production of fresh biomass when using mechanical control, followed by combining the mechanical + chemical method was obtained. Chemical and manual methods had lower fresh biomass production values while the production of dry matter did not show statistically significant difference. The data processed by the software resulted in a sharp variation in the methods used, with a lower percentage of substrate coverage by invasive species when using chemical control, followed by the manual method. The mechanical method and chemical + mechanical treatment showed the highest percentage of coverage of invasive species statistically.
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18

DeRose, Robert Justin. "Leaf Area Index - Relative Density Relationships in Even-Aged Abies Balsamea - Picea Rubens Stands in Maine." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2004. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/DeRoseRJ2004.pdf.

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19

Bess, Brooke. "THE EFFECTS OF RECIPROCAL TEACHING STRATEGIES ON STUDENTS' COMPREHENSION OF A SEVENTH GRADE LIFE SCIENCE TEXT." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2007. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3717.

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This action research study was conducted with 7th grade life science students at a public middle school in central Florida. The author used Reciprocal Teaching (RT) as described by Annemarie Palincsar and Anne Brown (1984) to examine changes in student comprehension when reading their life science textbook and changes in how the students used the predicting, questioning, and summarizing strategies. The RT strategies ask students to employ 4 strategies: predict what they will read, generate questions about what was read, clarify any ideas that were not understood in the reading, and summarize the main idea of the reading. Students were given a pre and post reading comprehension test, they completed reading response worksheets to record their predictions, questions, clarifications, and summaries. Students were explicitly taught the 4 strategies prior to using them and the strategies were reinforced through teacher modeling (using think aloud teaching to show students how to use the strategies) and expert scaffolding (giving students the support needed while using the strategies). The teacher-researcher also examined if the students showed change in their level of proficiency when using the strategies after they had been taught them. Analysis of data revealed that student comprehension did increase after being taught the four reading strategies. Data also showed that students became increasingly more proficient when using the strategies as the study progressed. Data analysis also uncovered the unexpected pattern of increased student participation during whole-class and reading group discussions. Further research is needed to examine the effects of teaching highly proficient students specific reading strategies and to see how the explicit instruction of reading strategies affects student participation and achievement during inquiry-based laboratory investigations.
M.Ed.
Department of Teaching and Learning Principles
Education
K-8 Math and Science MEd
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20

Stein, Sabrina. "United Nations organization : analysis of reform proposals in the areas of budget, secretariat and security council." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2009. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/1331.

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This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalInitiatives/DigitalCollections/InternetDistributionConsentAgreementForm.pdf You may also contact the project coordinator, Kerri Bottorff, at kerri.bottorff@ucf.edu for more information.
Bachelors
Sciences
Political Science
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21

Brand, Annelie. "The non-linear relationship between grazing function and size of two parrotfish species in the Red Sea : Implications for coral reef resilience." Thesis, Stockholm University, Stockholm Resilience Centre, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-41261.

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Abstract. Parrotfish, a herbivorous reef fish, is considered to play an important role within coral reef ecosystems, enhancing coral reef resilience by keeping algal growth in check, allowing slower-growing coral recruits to settle. The functional performance of parrotfish species has been indicated to be dependent on body size. Albeit increasing size selective fishing pressure maintains, leading to immense effects on the dynamics of coral reefs, with consequences often much larger than changes in biomass and abundance of the targeted stock itself. The relative importance of the relationship between function (grazing) and body-size was tested in two parrotfish species (Scarus niger and Chlorurus sordidus) in the Red Sea. A non-linear relationship was found between functional performance and body size, with function found to increase notably as fishes reach a size of 15-20 cm At a regional level, parrotfish function was found to be low. These findings support the idea of a generalized ecological pattern of functional performance in parrotfishes. Demographic skewness within parrotfish species populations could easily be incorporated in routine monitoring schemes, thus act as a comparatively cheap and easily monitored indicator for assessing coral reef resilience, especially useful for managers in areas of limited budgets. Other alternative stable states than macroalgae, are speculated to be the case in the Red Sea.

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22

McKeefry, Declan J., Mark P. Burton, Chara Vakrou, Brendan T. Barrett, and A. B. Morland. "Induced deficits in speed perception by transcranial magnetic stimulation of human cortical areas V5/MT+ and V3A." Society for Neuroscience, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4732.

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no
In this report, we evaluate the role of visual areas responsive to motion in the human brain in the perception of stimulus speed. We first identified and localized V1, V3A, and V5/MT+ in individual participants on the basis of blood oxygenation level-dependent responses obtained in retinotopic mapping experiments and responses to moving gratings. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) was then used to disrupt the normal functioning of the previously localized visual areas in each participant. During the rTMS application, participants were required to perform delayed discrimination of the speed of drifting or spatial frequency of static gratings. The application of rTMS to areas V5/MT and V3A induced a subjective slowing of visual stimuli and ( often) caused increases in speed discrimination thresholds. Deficits in spatial frequency discrimination were not observed for applications of rTMS to V3A or V5/MT+. The induced deficits in speed perception were also specific to the cortical site of TMS delivery. The application of TMS to regions of the cortex adjacent to V5/MT and V3A, as well as to area V1, produced no deficits in speed perception. These results suggest that, in addition to area V5/MT+, V3A plays an important role in a cortical network that underpins the perception of stimulus speed in the human brain.
BBSRC
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23

Scandura, Glenda. "The impact of Ape/Ref1 on hypoxia regulated genes; potential applications for cancer." Doctoral thesis, Università di Catania, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10761/970.

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Pancreatic cancer is especially a deadly form of cancer with a survival rate less than 2%. Pancreatic cancers respond poorly to existing chemotherapeutic agents and radiation, and progress for the treatment of pancreatic cancer remains elusive. To address this unmet medical need, a better understanding of critical pathways and molecular mechanisms involved in pancreatic tumor development, progression, and resistance to traditional therapy is therefore critical. Reduction¿oxidation (redox) signaling systems are emerging as important targets in pancreatic cancer. AP endonuclease1/Redox effector factor 1 (APE1/Ref-1) is upregulated in human pancreatic cancer cells and modulation of its redox activity blocks the proliferation and migration of pancreatic cancer cells. Modulation of APE1/Ref-1 using the siRNA increases the HIF target, HMOX1 and NQO1,two genes that play key roles in tumor adaptation to a variety of stresses, including anticancer drugs.Ape inhibition activates the NRF2 regulator of redox stress response, which is known to regulate HMOX1 and NQO1. As all these genes are of high relevance for the acquired resistance to various antineoplastic drugs.
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24

Sales, Izabella Fátima Oliveira de. "Gente intratável ou fiéis vassalos do rei: poder, motins e armas em Pitangui (1715-1760)." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2017. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/7212.

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O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar os diversos perfis de atuação dos grupos sociais que compuseram a elite do termo de Pitangui entre os anos de 1715 a 1760, atentando para suas diferentes relações com a Coroa. Essa temática envolve a questão da conformação e legitimação dos espaços de poder na localidade e as estratégias utilizadas pelos atores, no sentido de alcançarem os mais altos patamares da hierarquia social. Sendo assim, buscamos compreender como o processo de conquista e povoamento da região esteve relacionado com a atuação de um grupo de paulistas que contestava frequentemente as regras estabelecidas pelas autoridades metropolitanas, para fazer valer seus interesses particulares. Esses indivíduos não só se rebelaram, em alguns momentos, contra os desígnios da Coroa, como buscavam submeter e/ou cooptar os demais grupos sociais que se estabeleciam na localidade, baseando-se em suas prerrogativas de primeiros conquistadores. Tal postura de insubmissão explica a imagem tradicionalmente relacionada aos habitantes da Vila de Pitangui e de seu termo pelas autoridades régias, durante a primeira metade do século XVIII, forjada a partir de um contexto marcado por diversos conflitos e motins ocorridos, nas duas primeiras décadas dos setecentos. Por outro lado, buscamos confrontar a imagem do rebelde com o perfil de outro grupo, em que seus integrantes se comportavam enquanto fieis vassalos, ou seja, daqueles cuja relação com a Coroa e suas autoridades locais se baseava, em grande medida, na prestação de serviços à monarquia e na consequente retribuição dos mesmos por parte do monarca, o que garantia a essas pessoas uma série de benefícios e privilégios, contribuindo muito para que elas ocupassem lugares de destaque na pirâmide social. A partir dessa análise, surgiram também trajetórias de indivíduos que não contestavam o poder da Coroa da região, mas que, pelo menos aparentemente, não participaram do governo da municipalidade, perfil de atuação alternativo na constituição da identidade da elite colonial na América Portuguesa.
This work has the objective of analyzing the different performance of the social groups that composed the elite of the Termo de Pitangui between the years 1715 to 1760, paying attention to their different relations with the Crown. This theme involves the question of the conformation and legitimation of the power spaces in the locality and the strategies used by the actors, seeking to reach the highest levels of the social hierarchy. Thus, we sought to understand how the process of conquest and settlement in the region was related to the performance of Paulistas who frequently challenged the rules established by the metropolitan authorities to assert their particular interests. These individuals not only rebelled at times against the designs of the Crown, as they sought to subject and/or co-opt the other social groups that established themselves in the locality, basing themselves on their prerogatives as first conquerors. This position of insubordination explains the image traditionally related to the inhabitants of the Pitangui by the metropolitan authorities, during the first half of the eighteenth century, forged from a context marked by several conflicts and riots that occurred in the first two decades of seven hundred. On the other hand, we sought to confront the image of the rebel with the profile of another group in which its members behaved like faithful vassals, that is, those whose relationship with the Crown and its local authorities was based to a large extent on the provision of services to the monarchy and the consequent retribution of the same by the monarch, which guaranteed to these people a series of benefits and privileges, contributing much so that they occupied prominent places in the social pyramid. From this analysis, we also found trajectories from individuals who did not contest the power of the Crown of the region but who, at least apparently, did not participate in the municipal government, an alternative profile in the constitution of the colonial elite identity in Portuguese America.
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25

Poole, S. "The Late Proterozoic orogenic igneous activity of the Kadaweb area, Red Sea Hills, Sudan." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.370180.

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26

Bon, Volodymyr, Volodymyr Senkovskyy, Irena Senkovska, and Stefan Kaskel. "Zr(IV) and Hf(IV) based metal–organic frameworks with reo-topology." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-138895.

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Zr and Hf based MOFs with enhanced pore accessibility for large molecules and good hydrothermal stability were obtained using a bent dithienothiophene dicarboxylate and Zr4+ or Hf4+ source. A modulator (benzoic acid) facilitates formation of an eight-connecting cluster leading to a new framework which adopts reo topology
Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich
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27

Viana, Marina Gomes. "Macrofauna de ambientes n?o consolidados adjacentes ? recifes da ?rea de prote??o ambiental dos recifes de corais Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2013. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/18718.

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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior
This study aimed to characterize, for the first time, the benthic invertebrates that inhabit the region of soft bottoms adjacent to the APARC reefs in order to situate them as an important component of infralittoral coastal areas of Northeast Brazil. Soft bottoms areas of APARC corresponds to infralittoral zones vegetated by seagrass Halodule wrightii and unvegetated infralittoral zones, both subjected to substantial hydrodynamic stress. Through scuba diving, biological and sedimentary samples of both habitats were analyzed, with a cylindrical sampler. We identified 6160 individuals belonging to 16 groups and 224 species. The most abundant macrofaunal group was Polychaeta (43%), followed by Mollusca (25%) and Crustacea (14%), what was expected for these environments. In the first chapter, regarding vegetated areas, we tested three hypotheses: the existence of differences in the faunal structure associated with H. wrightii banks submitted to different hydrodynamic conditions; the occurrence of minor temporal variations on the associated macrofauna of banks protected from hydrodynamic stress; and if the diversity of macrofauna is affected by both benthophagous predators and H. wrightii biomass. It was observed that macrofauna associated at the Exposed bank showed differences in structure when comparing the Protected bank, the granulometry of the sediments, that co-varies with the hydrodynamism, was the cause of these variations. The results also pointed to a lower temporal variation in the macrofaunal structure on the Protected bank and a negative relation between macrofaunal and benthophagous fish abundance. At the Exposed bank, a greater faunal diversity was observed, probably due to the higher seagrass biomass. The second chapter compares the vegetated and non-vegetated areas in order to test the hypothesis that due to greater seasonal stability in tropical environments, seagrass structure would act to distinguish the vegetated and non-vegetated areas macrofauna, over time. It was also expected that depositivores were the most representative invertebrates on non-vegetated environments, on the assumption that the seagrass bank would work as a source of debris to adjacent areas, enriching them. Considering all sampling periods, the total macrofauna abundance and diversity were higher in vegetated areas, when compared to non-vegetated ones. Seasonally, the structural complexity provided by Halodule differentiated more clearly the fauna from vegetated and non-vegetated areas, but only at the climatic extremes, i.e. Dry season (extreme climatic stability, with low hydronamism variation) and Rainy season (great hydrodynamism variation and probably vegetated bank burial). Furthermore, the high organic matter levels measured in the sandy banks coincided with an outstanding trophic importance of deposit feeders, proving the debris-carrying hypothesis. The last chapter focused on the non-vegetated areas, where we tested that the hypothesis infaunal halo in tropical reefs depending on local granulometry. In this context, we also tested the hypothesis that benthophagous fish predation would have an effect on the low abundance of macrofaunal groups due to the high hydrographic stress, thus allowing other predatory groups to have greater importance in these environments. Proving the hypothesis, no spatial variation, both on abundance families neither on community structure, occur along distance of the edge reefs. However, we found that complex combinations of physical factors (grain size and organic matter levels originated from local hydronamic conditions) covary with the distance from the reefs and has stronger influence on macrofauna than considered biological factors, such as predation by benthophagous fishes. Based on the main results, this study shows that unconsolidated areas around APARC reefs are noteworthy from an ecological and conservational point of view, as evidenced by the biota-environment and organismal relations, never before described for these areas
Objetivou-se caracterizar, pela primeira vez, os invertebrados bent?nicos que habitam a regi?o de fundos moles adjacentes aos recifes da ?rea de Prote??o Ambiental dos Recifes de Corais (APARC), a fim de situ?-los como importante componente das zonas infralitorais costeiras do Nordeste do Brasil. As ?reas de fundos moles, ou n?o consolidadas, da APARC compreendem regi?es de infralitoral, vegetadas pela angiosperma marinha Halodule wrightii, e regi?es de infralitoral n?o vegetadas, ambas submetidas a um considerado estresse hidrodin?mico. Atrav?s de mergulho aut?nomo, foram analisadas amostras biol?gicas e sedimentares de ambos os habitats, com aux?lio de amostrador cil?ndrico de PVC. Foram identificados 6160 indiv?duos, distribu?dos em 16 grandes grupos e 224 esp?cies, sendo que o grupo macrofaunal mais abundante foi Polychaeta (43%), seguido de Mollusca (25%) e Crustacea (14%), resultado j? esperado para ambientes n?o consolidados infralitorais. No primeiro cap?tulo, relacionado ?s ?reas vegetadas, foram testadas tr?s hip?teses: a exist?ncia de diferen?as na estrutura??o da fauna associada a bancos de H. wrightii, submetidos a diferentes condi??es hidrodin?micas; a ocorr?ncia de menores varia??es temporais sobre a macrofauna associada aos ambientes mais protegidos do estresse hidrodin?mico; e se a diversidade da macrofauna ? afetada, tanto pelos predadores bent?fagos como pela biomassa da pr?pria H. wrightii. Foi verificado que a macrofauna associada do banco Exposto apresentou diferen?as na estrutura??o quando comparado ao banco Protegido, sendo a granulometria dos bancos, a qual varia conjuntamente com o hidrodinamismo, a respons?vel por estas varia??es. Os resultados tamb?m apontaram para uma menor varia??o temporal na estrutura da macrofauna no banco Protegido e uma rela??o negativa entre a abund?ncia macrofaunal e peixes bent?fagos. J? no banco Exposto, foi encontrada uma maior diversidade faunal, provavelmente em fun??o da maior biomassa de gram?nea. O segundo cap?tulo aborda uma compara??o entre ?reas vegetadas e n?o vegetadas, pretendendo testar a hip?tese de que, em fun??o de uma maior estabilidade sazonal nos ambientes tropicais, a estrutura da faner?gama atuaria na distin??o da macrofauna associada entre ?reas vegetadas e n?o vegetadas, ao longo do tempo. Tamb?m se esperava que os deposit?voros fossem os invertebrados mais representativos nos ambientes n?o vegetados, partindo da premissa de que o banco de faner?gama funcionaria como fonte de detritos para ?reas adjacentes, enriquecendo-as. Todavia, sazonalmente, a complexidade estrutural proporcionada por Halodule discriminou, com mais evid?ncia, a fauna de ?reas vegetadas de n?o vegetadas somente nas extremidades clim?ticas, isto ?, no per?odo Seco (extrema estabilidade clim?tica, com pouca varia??o no hidrodinamismo) e no per?odo Chuvoso (grande varia??o do hidrodinamismo e prov?vel soterramento do banco vegetado). Al?m disso, os elevados teores de mat?ria org?nica medidos nos bancos arenosos coincidiram com uma destacada import?ncia tr?fica dos deposit?voros, comprovando a hip?tese de carreamento de detritos. O ?ltimo cap?tulo focou nas ?reas n?o vegetadas, em que se testou a hip?tese de que a varia??o da estrutura da macrofauna perto e longe ocorre em decorr?ncia da granulometria. Neste contexto tamb?m foram testadas a hip?tese de que a preda??o por peixes bent?fagos teria um baixo efeito na abund?ncia dos grupos da macrofauna em fun??o do alto estresse hidrogr?fico, abrindo, assim, espa?o para outros grupos de predadores bent?fagos terem uma maior import?ncia nestes ambientes. Comprovando as hip?teses levantadas, n?o foi verif icada varia??o espacial significativa entre as dist?ncias da borda dos recifes, tanto na abund?ncia das principais fam?lias identificadas como na estrutura geral das comunidades bent?nicas. Entretanto, verificou-se que uma complexa combina??o de fatores f?sicos (tamanho do gr?o e teor de mat?ria org?nica derivadas das condi??es hidrodin?micas locais) variam conjuntamente com a dist?ncia e influencia mais a macrofauna do que os fatores biol?gicos considerados, como a preda??o por peixes bent?fagos. Com base nos principais resultados encontrados, este trabalho mostrou que as ?reas de fundos n?o consolidados do entorno dos recifes da APARC merecem destaque do ponto de vista ecol?gico e de conserva??o, pois evidenciou-se importantes rela??es da biota com o ambiente e da biota com outros organismos n?o descritas antes para estas ?reas
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28

Malobabic, Slavica. "Transient Safe Operating Area (TSOA) for ESD applications." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2012. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5420.

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A methodology to obtain design guidelines for gate oxide input pin protection and high voltage output pin protection in Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) time frame is developed through measurements and Technology Computer Aided Design (TCAD). A set of parameters based on transient measurements are used to define Transient Safe Operating Area (TSOA). The parameters are then used to assess effectiveness of protection devices for output and input pins. The methodology for input pins includes establishing ESD design targets under Charged Device Model (CDM) type stress in low voltage MOS inputs. The methodology for output pins includes defining ESD design targets under Human Metal Model (HMM) type stress in high voltage Laterally Diffused MOS (LDMOS) outputs. First, the assessment of standalone LDMOS robustness is performed, followed by establishment of protection design guidelines. Secondly, standalone clamp HMM robustness is evaluated and a prediction methodology for HMM type stress is developed based on standardized testing. Finally, LDMOS and protection clamp parallel protection conditions are identified.
ID: 031001296; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Adviser: Juin J. Liou.; Title from PDF title page (viewed March 7, 2013).; Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Central Florida, 2012.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 252-262).
Ph.D.
Doctorate
Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Engineering and Computer Science
Electrical Engineering
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29

Hahn, Celia. "Review of arsenic contamination and human exposure through water and food in rural areas in Vietnam." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-201053.

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The Red River Delta in Vietnam is one of the regions whose quaternary aquifers are polluted by arsenic. Chronic toxification by arsenic can cause severe illnesses such as cancer, skin lesions, developmental defects, cardiovascular and neurological diseas-es, and diabetes. In this study, a food processing craft village in the Red River Delta was investigated regarding the potential risk faced by the population due to arsenic. The potential sources of arsenic are the groundwater, the crops grown in the sur-roundings, and animal products from local husbandry. However, the occurrence of arsenic in nature is variable, and its bioavailability and toxicity depend very much on its specification: trivalent compounds are more toxic and often more mobile than pen-tavalent compounds, while inorganic species are generally more toxic than organic ones. Local conditions, such as the redox potential, strongly influence its specification and thus potential bioavailability. The introduction to this work elucidates the key factors which potentially cause human exposure to arsenic: the geological setting of the study area, land and water use pat-terns, and the current state of research regarding the mobilization, bioavailability and plant uptake of arsenic. Although the study area is located in a region where the groundwater is known to be moderately contaminated by arsenic, the level of arsenic in the groundwater in the village had not previously been determined. In this study, water use in the village was examined by a survey among the farmers and by water analyses, which are present-ed in the following chapters. Four main water sources (rain, river, tube well and a pub-lic municipal waterworks) are used for the different daily activities; the highest risk to human health was found to be the bore well water, which is pumped from the shallow Holocene aquifer. The water from the bore wells is commonly used for cleaning and washing as well as to feed the animals and for food processing. Products like noodles and rice wine were examined as well as local pork and poultry. Vegetables from the gardens and rice plants from the surrounding paddy fields were sampled and ana-lyzed. All plants were found to have accumulated arsenic, leafy vegetables showing the highest arsenic concentrations. The results are discussed and compared, and conclusions are drawn in the last part. The reducing conditions in the paddy fields are likely to have a strong influence on arsenic uptake in rice plants and on transport to the aquifer. The installation of a wastewater treatment plant under the research project INHAND, which was funded by the BMBF German Ministry of Education and Research, led to lower arsenic concen-trations in the groundwater. Soaring industrialization, the growing population, and the consumers’ changing behav-ior will widely affect land and water use and hence the potential mobilization of arse-nic. In order to mitigate further human exposure to arsenic, wastewater needs to be treated and the reducing conditions in the rice fields need to be decreased by means of enhanced cultivation methods.
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30

Whiting, Ross. "Color-Blind and Color-Conscious Racial Ideologies among White Teachers in Urban, Suburban, and Rural Areas." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2016. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/390560.

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Urban Education
Ph.D.
This study examined the differences in teacher racial ideology among white teachers in urban, suburban, and rural areas. This study advances the scholarship on the ideological frames used by teachers in urban, suburban, and rural areas through an examination of the differences in teachers’ discourse and racial ideology. Using contact theory, this study employed interviews to examine teachers’ discourse related to racial inequality in education to determine whether there were similarities in teacher discourse within and across urban, suburban, and rural areas with differing racial compositions. Interviews were conducted with 42 teachers in urban, suburban, and rural school districts during the 2014-2015 school year. There were three major findings in this study. First, four original frames of color-conscious racial ideology were present in data across urban, suburban, and rural areas. Second, teachers across all areas employ the systemic responsibility frame to talk about the achievement gap, and the cultural racism frame to talk about increased violence in urban areas, revealing that teachers frame some topics similarly across areas of differing racial composition. Third, analysis of teacher racial ideologies using the eight frames of color-conscious and color-blind racial ideology reveal that teachers within Lincoln City, Gresham, and Arcadia employ specific frames within each area to talk about racial inequality in education. Further, teachers in Lincoln City and Gresham framed racial inequality in education more consistently using color-conscious frames than teachers in Arcadia, indicating that contact with outgroup members also shapes teacher racial ideology.
Temple University--Theses
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31

Oliveira, Ana Claudia Pereira de. "Caracteriza??o e composi??o flor?stica de uma comunidade sav?nica no Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil : subs?dios para a conserva??o." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2011. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/18213.

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Studies on Brazilian biodiversity are still very few and can observe the difference of knowledge between the different regions of the country. This affirmation can be verified in the investigation to identify the rare species in Brazil and the key biodiversity areas (ACBs). In that study were identified for Brasil 2.256 rare species and 752 ACBs. The Rio Grande do Norte (RN) was the only Brazilian state that has not been identified any rare species and no ACBs, possibly due to the lack of floristic studies in this state. A particular area was selected for this study: an area of ecological tension with savanna physiognomy in Rio do Fogo, RN. This savanna community is represented in RN in a fragment and immersed in restinga and caatinga and was identified and described only through of radar imagens there are no studies to date in loco . We have prepared the following questions about this community savanna: 1) The region delimited and described by through of radar images by the RADAMBRASIL, 1976, can be associated of the Cerrado, in terms of floristic ?; 2) What is the floristic composition of this area? This area includes rare species, endemic or endangered? 3) What is the geographical and phytogeographical distribution of plant species registered in this area? 4) Those plant species registered are endemic or have affinity with other areas phytoecological Brazilian? To answer these questions we performed a floristic inventory of the August 2007 to September/2009. The results are presented in two chapters (manuscripts). The first chapter, titled "The Savannah Rio Grande do Norte: floristic links with other plant formations in the Northeast and Center-West Brazil" was submitted to the Revista Brasileira de Bot?ncia. Chapter 1 discusses the phytogeographical distribution of the species, by comparing floristic studies conducted in the Cerrado, Caatinga and Restinga in the Northeast and Cerrado of the Central Brazil. The analysis of data of this study and compilation with other studies indicated that: i) the record of 94 plant species; ii) of total species, about 64% are associated with the Cerrado, the second specialized bibliography, and about 78% as the List of Species of Flora of Brazil. However, about 73% of total species (94) are also distributed in the Caatinga, the Atlantic forest 64%, the Amazon forest 64%, the Pantanal 15% and the Pampa 12%. Floristically the data show that the community studied is influenced by other floras, has a structure where grasses dominate and also because of his appearance the same savanna then be classified as a Savana gram?neo-lenhosa do tabuleiro . Chapter 2, titled "Considerations on the flora of a savanna community in Rio Grande do Norte, northeastern Brazil: Subsidy key area for conservation" was submitted to the Revista Natureza e Conserva??o. This has the objective of improve the knowledge of flora of Rio Grande do Norte and to identify possible rare species and consequently increase the key areas of biodiversity in Brazil. The data indicated that: i) of 94 species registered in the study area, 40 were new records for the Rio Grande do Norte state; ii) These citations to unpublished state, Stylosanthes montevidensis Vogel (Fabaceae) and Aristida laevis (Nees) Kunth (Poaceae) are indicated for the first time to the Northeast of Brazil; iii) are registered in the area 24 species endemic to Brazil and 63 non-endemic; iv) Aspilia procumbens Baker (Asteraceae) registered in the area is considered a restricted species and micro endemic Rio Grande do Norte, ie rare species; v) Aspilia procumbens is also cited in the category of critically endangered species and Stilpnopappus cearensis Hubber (Asteraceae) a species vulnerable to extinction. This study shows a new area phytoecological in Rio Grande do Norte and indicates the area's potential to contribute with the sites of global significance for biodiversity conservation, either locally, regionally and nationally. This will certainly contribute to respond some targets set by the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation and the Convention on Biological Diversity such as the inventory of vegetal diversity in a region with little collection, which will provide data that contributes to questions and themes related to biodiversity.
Estudos sobre a biodiversidade brasileira s?o ainda muito escassos, sendo poss?vel observar uma grande discrep?ncia de conhecimentos entre as v?rias regi?es do pa?s. Esta afirma??o est? baseada no fato de que foram identificadas para o Brasil 2.256 esp?cies raras de plantas e 752 ?reas-chave para biodiversidade (ACBs), no entanto, o Rio Grande do Norte foi o ?nico estado brasileiro que n?o apresentou nenhuma esp?cie rara e nenhuma ?rea-chave para biodiversidade, possivelmente, devido ? escassez de levantamentos flor?sticos nesse estado. O presente estudo foi realizado em um ambiente especial: uma ?rea de tens?o ecol?gica com fisionomia sav?nica localizada no munic?pio de Rio do Fogo, RN. Essa comunidade sav?nica est? representada na forma de pequena mancha e imersa entre a Caatinga e a Restinga. Foi identificado e descrito apenas com base em imagens de radar, n?o havendo, at? o presente momento, estudos in loco. Neste contexto foram elaboradas algumas perguntas sobre essa comunidade sav?nica: 1) A regi?o delimitada e descrita por meio de imagens de radar, RADAMBRASIL de 1976, pode ser do dom?nio Cerrado, do ponto de vista flor?stico?; 2) Qual ? a composi??o flor?stica dessa ?rea? Ela inclui esp?cie rara, end?mica ou amea?ada de extin??o?; 3) Qual ? a distribui??o geogr?fica e fitogeogr?fica das esp?cies vegetais registradas nessa ?rea?; 4) As esp?cies vegetais registradas s?o end?micas ou possuem afinidade com outros dom?nios fitoecol?gicos brasileiro? Visando responder a essas indaga??es foi realizado um levantamento flor?stico, no per?odo de agosto/2007 a setembro/2009. Os resultados obtidos s?o apresentados em forma de dois cap?tulos (manuscritos). O cap?tulo 1, intitulado A Savana do Rio Grande do Norte: Rela??es flor?sticas com outras forma??es vegetais do Nordeste e Centro-Oeste Brasileiro foi submetido ? Revista Brasileira de Bot?nica. Aborda a distribui??o fitogeogr?fica das esp?cies, atrav?s da compara??o com estudos flor?sticos realizados nos cerrados, caatingas e restingas do Nordeste e cerrados do Planalto Central. As an?lises dos dados obtidos no presente trabalho e, tamb?m, atrav?s de compila??o com outros estudos apresentaram: i) o registro de 94 esp?cies vegetais; ii) desse total de esp?cies, cerca de 64 % est?o associadas ao Cerrado, segundo bibliografia especializada, e cerca de 78 % conforme a Lista de Esp?cies da Flora do Brasil. Todavia, cerca de 73 % do total das esp?cies (94) registradas tamb?m se distribuem na Caatinga, 64 % na Floresta Atl?ntica, 50 % na Floresta Amaz?nica, 15 % no Pantanal e 12 % no Pampa. Floristicamente os dados apontaram que comunidade estudada recebe influ?ncia de outras floras, possui uma estrutura onde as gram?neas dominam e tamb?m devido a sua fisionomia sav?nica a mesma, ent?o, poder ser classificada como Savana gram?neo-lenhosa do tabuleiro. O cap?tulo 2, intitulado Considera??es sobre a flor?stica de uma comunidade sav?nica no Rio Grande do Norte, Nordeste do Brasil: Subs?dio de ?rea-chave para a conserva??o foi submetido ? Revista Natureza e Conserva??o. Teve como objetivo contribuir para melhorar o conhecimento sobre a flora do Rio Grande do Norte, identificando poss?veis esp?cies raras e, assim, expandir as ?reas-chave de biodiversidade no Brasil. Os dados obtidos indicaram que: i) das 94 esp?cies encontradas na ?rea de estudo, 39 foram registradas pela primeira vez para o Rio Grande do Norte; ii) dessas cita??es in?ditas para o estado, as esp?cies Stylosanthes montevidensis Vogel (Fabaceae) e Aristida laevis (Nees) Kunth (Poaceae) s?o indicadas, tamb?m, pela primeira vez para a Regi?o Nordeste do Brasil; iii) ocorrem na ?rea 24 esp?cies end?micas do Brasil; iv) Aspilia procumbens Baker (Asteraceae) registrada na ?rea ? considerada uma esp?cie restrita e microend?mica do Rio Grande do Norte, ou seja, esp?cie rara; v) Aspilia procumbens ? tamb?m apontada na categoria das esp?cies criticamente em perigo e Stilpnopappus cearensis Hubber (Asteraceae) uma esp?cie vulner?vel a extin??o. O presente estudo aponta um novo dom?nio citoecol?gico para o Rio Grande do Norte e apresenta o potencial da ?rea em contribuir com os s?tios de signific?ncia global para conserva??o de biodiversidade, seja no ?mbito local, regional e nacional. Isso contribuir? para responder alguns dos objetivos fixados pela Estrat?gia Global para a Conserva??o de Plantas e da Conven??o sobre Diversidade Biol?gica, tal como, o invent?rio da diversidade vegetal, em uma regi?o com pouca coleta, que fornecer? dados que contribuem para quest?es e temas relativos ? biodiversidade.
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32

Wall, Lisa Michele. "RECRUITMENT AND RESTORATION OF THE OYSTER CRASSOSTREA VIRGINICA IN AREAS WITH INTENSE BOATING ACTIVITY IN MOSQUITO LAGOON, FLORIDA." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2004. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4499.

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Productivity, diversity and survival of estuaries are threatened by explosive coastal population growth and associated recreational activities. One major area of recreational growth has been the number of small pleasure craft motoring in shallow waters at high speeds. On the east coast of Central Florida in the Indian River Lagoon system, intense boating activity occurs year-round and intertidal reefs of the eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica with dead margins (piles of disarticulated shells) on their seaward edges are commonly found adjacent to major boating channels. The cause(s) of the dead margins is unclear. However, the disarticulated shells may be reducing reef sustainability if these surfaces are unavailable for larvae. Recruitment trials were run on eight reefs (4 with dead margins, 4 without) in three 8-week trials in 2001/2002. Significant differences were found for location on reef and season. For survival of recruits, significant differences were found for reef type, location on reef, and season. Sediment loads, percent silt/clay, and relative water motion were all found to be significantly higher on impacted reefs. Spring months were found to be the optimal time for larval recruitment to increase larval set and survival and to also decrease the effects of sedimentation and water motion. Based on these results, experimental restoration began May 2003 to develop an ecologically and economically feasible restoration protocol for this intertidal region. Four different densities of shells (0, 16, 25, 36) were attached to vexar mesh mats (45 X 45 cm) displaying shells perpendicular to the substrate. 360 mats were randomly deployed at one of six identified optimum recruitment locations. Recruitment increased through June and was significantly higher on mats with 36 shells. This was followed by a large, expected decline in recruitment and survival in July/August, due to competition, predation and/or extreme high temperatures. Total live oysters on the restoration mats significantly increased during October 2003 through February 2003. These newly-created oyster reefs are moveable and provide optimal substrate and larval set to be transported post-recruitment to areas resource managers have slated for restoration to aid in reef sustainability. To determine the potential negative effects of flow and sediment levels on oyster larval settlement, which may be associated with an increase in boating actitivity, laboratory experiments were conducted. Eighteen trials, with competent oyster larvae, nine in flowing-water and nine in still-water were run at three sediment levels: no sediment, low sediment, and high sediment loads. Larval settlement was significantly higher in the still-water trials and both high and low sediment loads significantly reduced larval settlement.
M.S.
Department of Biology
Arts and Sciences
Biology
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33

Sherrill, Andrew Michael. "Gray areas of child sexual abuse : undergraduate students' attributions of depicted adult-adolescent and adolescent-adolescent sexual interactions." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2008. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/1140.

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This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalInitiatives/DigitalCollections/InternetDistributionConsentAgreementForm.pdf You may also contact the project coordinator, Kerri Bottorff, at kerri.bottorff@ucf.edu for more information.
Bachelors
Sciences
Psychology
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34

Pěcha, Jiří. "Optimalizace energetických toků při provozu ČOV - Smart Area Net." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-438511.

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The dissertation work deals with the issue of water treatment and possibilities of energy savings during the operation of sewage treatment plants. The aim of the work is to find the potential of alternative energy use, economical consumption, improvement of the facility system management and quality improvement of the wastewater treatment process. In the first part of the work, operating processes, energy flows and energy savings are discussed. To analyze the problematics, larger sewage treatment plants were chosen. Thanks to their size, it was easier to find critical points and test the usage of renewable sources in operation. After the energy audit, the individual processes were assessed and real operation pitfalls were determined. Further steps led to focusing on smaller facilities up to 2 000 PE. This step was carried out with the intention of preparing these plants for the planned legislative change and helping to create or modernize more energy-efficient solutions. Thanks to the establishment of consortium of Brno University of Technology, the Department of Electric Power Engineering and a company dealing with water treatment and automation control, a solution was created that modernize the electrical, automation and water treatment part of the plant operation. This innovative application was installed in the sewage treatment plant, where the issues were debugged, control algorithms were tested and the entire operation was launched in automatic mode. At the end of the wastewater treatment plant modernization, PV panels were installed on the roof, thus partially suppling the object with renewable energy.
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35

Cooper, Susan. "ADDRESSING SCIENTIFIC LITERACY THROUGH CONTENT AREA READING AND PROCES." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2004. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2460.

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The purpose of this study was to interpret the experiences of secondary science teachers in Florida as they address the scientific literacy of their students through teaching content reading strategies and student inquiry skills. Knowledge of the successful integration of content reading and inquiry skills by experienced classroom teachers would be useful to many educators as they plan instruction to achieve challenging state and national standards for reading as well as science. The problem was investigated using grounded theory methodology. Open-ended questions were asked in three focus groups and six individual interviews that included teachers from various Florida school districts. The constant comparative approach was used to analyze the data. Initial codes were collapsed into categories to determine the conceptual relationships among the data. From this, the five core categories were determined to be Influencers, Issues, Perceptions, Class Routines, and Future Needs. These relate to the central phenomenon, Instructional Modifications, because teachers often described pragmatic and philosophical changes in their teaching as they deliberated to meet state standards in both reading and science. Although Florida's secondary science teachers have been asked to incorporate content reading strategies into their science instruction for the past several years, there was limited evidence of using these strategies to further student understanding of scientific processes. Most teachers saw little connection between reading and inquiry, other than the fact that students must know how to read to follow directions in the lab. Scientific literacy, when it was addressed by teachers, was approached mainly through class discussions, not reading. Teachers realized that students cannot learn secondary science content unless they read science text with comprehension; therefore the focus of reading instruction was on learning science content, not scientific literacy or student inquiry. Most of the teachers were actively looking for reading materials and strategies to facilitate student understanding of science concepts, but they did not want to give up limited class time attempting methods that have not been proven to be successful in science classrooms.
Ed.D.
Other
Education
Curriculum and Instruction
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36

Ni, Wen. "Copper and other mineralization in metamorphosed red beds, West Carbery area, South West Cork, Ireland." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.543607.

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More than 100 mineralized localities have been found in the west Carbery area. The stratiform mineralisations are mainly hosted in the top of the predominantly,red coloured Devonian West Cork Sandstone Formation. "Major" sulphide-quartz veins are mainly, hosted in the base of the overlying Devonian Coomhola Formation where green-grey colour is dominant. Apart from the dominant copper sulphides, gold, native bismuth, and a large variety of Cu, Bi, Sb, As and Pb bearing sulphosalts have been found in the vein type mineralisations. Two metamorphic stages metamorphism) have (burial metamorphism and tectonic been recognized. Textures and compositions of phyllosilicates, carbonate compositions and reflectance of carbonaceous materials (graphite) have been used to estimate the metamorphic temperature. The estimated peak metamorphic temperature is 350±25°C and pressure is likely to be -2 kbar on regional geological evidence. Fluid inclusion study and ore mineralogy suggest that "major veins" formed at a temperature of about 300o C.- The trapping pressure obtained from Group 2 subgroup· B inclusions of Ballycurnmisk Veins is about 2 kbar and from other inclusions is < 1kbar. Stable isotope study suggests that vein forming fluids are typical metamorphic fluids. Sulphur from stratiform localities was probably bacterially reduced and sulphur in the "major veins" may be. metamorphically modified from the same ultimate source.
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37

Bon, Volodymyr, Volodymyr Senkovskyy, Irena Senkovska, and Stefan Kaskel. "Zr(IV) and Hf(IV) based metal–organic frameworks with reo-topology." Royal Society of Chemistry, 2012. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A27790.

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Zr and Hf based MOFs with enhanced pore accessibility for large molecules and good hydrothermal stability were obtained using a bent dithienothiophene dicarboxylate and Zr4+ or Hf4+ source. A modulator (benzoic acid) facilitates formation of an eight-connecting cluster leading to a new framework which adopts reo topology.
Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.
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38

Hahn, Celia. "Review of arsenic contamination and human exposure through water and food in rural areas in Vietnam." Doctoral thesis, Eigenverlag des Forums für Abfallwirtschaft und Altlasten e.V, 2015. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A29429.

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The Red River Delta in Vietnam is one of the regions whose quaternary aquifers are polluted by arsenic. Chronic toxification by arsenic can cause severe illnesses such as cancer, skin lesions, developmental defects, cardiovascular and neurological diseas-es, and diabetes. In this study, a food processing craft village in the Red River Delta was investigated regarding the potential risk faced by the population due to arsenic. The potential sources of arsenic are the groundwater, the crops grown in the sur-roundings, and animal products from local husbandry. However, the occurrence of arsenic in nature is variable, and its bioavailability and toxicity depend very much on its specification: trivalent compounds are more toxic and often more mobile than pen-tavalent compounds, while inorganic species are generally more toxic than organic ones. Local conditions, such as the redox potential, strongly influence its specification and thus potential bioavailability. The introduction to this work elucidates the key factors which potentially cause human exposure to arsenic: the geological setting of the study area, land and water use pat-terns, and the current state of research regarding the mobilization, bioavailability and plant uptake of arsenic. Although the study area is located in a region where the groundwater is known to be moderately contaminated by arsenic, the level of arsenic in the groundwater in the village had not previously been determined. In this study, water use in the village was examined by a survey among the farmers and by water analyses, which are present-ed in the following chapters. Four main water sources (rain, river, tube well and a pub-lic municipal waterworks) are used for the different daily activities; the highest risk to human health was found to be the bore well water, which is pumped from the shallow Holocene aquifer. The water from the bore wells is commonly used for cleaning and washing as well as to feed the animals and for food processing. Products like noodles and rice wine were examined as well as local pork and poultry. Vegetables from the gardens and rice plants from the surrounding paddy fields were sampled and ana-lyzed. All plants were found to have accumulated arsenic, leafy vegetables showing the highest arsenic concentrations. The results are discussed and compared, and conclusions are drawn in the last part. The reducing conditions in the paddy fields are likely to have a strong influence on arsenic uptake in rice plants and on transport to the aquifer. The installation of a wastewater treatment plant under the research project INHAND, which was funded by the BMBF German Ministry of Education and Research, led to lower arsenic concen-trations in the groundwater. Soaring industrialization, the growing population, and the consumers’ changing behav-ior will widely affect land and water use and hence the potential mobilization of arse-nic. In order to mitigate further human exposure to arsenic, wastewater needs to be treated and the reducing conditions in the rice fields need to be decreased by means of enhanced cultivation methods.:Abstract III Zusammenfassung V Acknowledgements VII Contents IX List of abbreviations XIII List of tables XVII 1 Scope of this work 1 2 Introduction 2 2.1 Geographical and geological setting of the study area 2 2.2 Hydrological situation 5 2.2.1 Surface water 5 2.2.2 Impact of human activities on surface water quality and distribution 6 2.2.3 Hydrogeology 7 2.3 Arsenic occurrence 7 2.3.1 Arsenic toxicity 8 2.3.2 Risk potential of arsenic in diet 10 2.4 Arsenic contamination in the groundwater resources of the Red River Delta 11 2.4.1 Occurrence and origin of arsenic in the Red River Delta 12 2.4.2 Mobilization processes 13 2.4.3 As mobilization in paddy fields 15 2.5 Arsenic occurrence in daily rural activities 16 2.5.1 Arsenic in soil 17 2.5.2 Arsenic in drinking water 19 2.5.3 Phytoaccumulation: Current state of research 20 2.5.4 Bioavailablity 22 2.5.5 Arsenic uptake in rice plants 23 2.5.6 Arsenic in meat and animal products 26 2.5.7 Arsenic uptake in golden apple snails 27 2.5.8 Processing: Wine and noodles 28 2.5.9 Arsenic concentrations in wastewater, activated sludge and digestate 29 2.6 Iron and manganese in the nutrient chain 30 2.7 Land and water use in the Red River Delta 31 2.7.1 Historical and political aspects of rural development in Vietnam 33 2.7.2 Craft villages in the Red River Delta 34 3 Materials and methods 36 3.1 Soil sample analyses 36 3.2 Well sampling 37 3.3 Wastewater and sludge analyses 37 3.4 Food analyses 38 3.5 Site visit and field observations 39 3.6 Questionnaire 39 4 Results 40 4.1 Soil samples 40 4.1.1 Total arsenic and total heavy metal concentrations 40 4.1.2 Sequential fractionation procedure 41 4.2 Arsenic in the water cycle in Dai Lam 43 4.2.1 Groundwater analyses 43 4.2.2 Water use in Dai Lam 47 4.2.3 Wastewater in Dai Lam 50 4.3 Arsenic in sewage sludge 51 4.4 Arsenic in manure samples 52 4.5 Arsenic in food samples 52 4.5.1 Rice 52 4.5.2 Arsenic in leaf vegetables 53 4.5.3 Arsenic in poultry products 56 4.5.4 Arsenic in pork samples 57 4.5.5 Arsenic in snails 57 4.6 Economic and demographic development potential 58 5 Discussion 61 5.1 Soil samples 61 5.2 Groundwater samples 62 5.2.1 High arsenic concentrations 62 5.2.2 Strong temporal and spatial variation 63 5.2.3 Weak correlation between measured parameters 69 5.3 Wastewater and sewage sludge 70 5.4 Pig manure 71 5.5 Daily exposure to As from dietary intake 71 5.6 Effects of land and water use on water quality and public health 76 5.7 Against the background of the transition economy 77 6 Conclusion 80 7 Perspectives (further work) 85 8 References 86 9 Annex 110
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39

Jones, Patricia A. "Large and small area sensors for real time hydrogen detection." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2001. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/232.

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This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalInitiatives/DigitalCollections/InternetDistributionConsentAgreementForm.pdf You may also contact the project coordinator, Kerri Bottorff, at kerri.bottorff@ucf.edu for more information.
Bachelors
Arts and Sciences
Chemistry
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40

Jerkins, Jae. "Resplendent Ares: Critical Analysis of the Modernist Discourse of Mars." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2006. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/1228.

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This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalInitiatives/DigitalCollections/InternetDistributionConsentAgreementForm.pdf You may also contact the project coordinator, Kerri Bottorff, at kerri.bottorff@ucf.edu for more information.
Bachelors
Arts and Humanities
Humanities
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41

Prahlow, James D. "A History of the Lutherans in the Orlando Area, 1868-1948." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 1985. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/RTD/id/11268.

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42

Newberry, Jay L. "The segregated distribution of middle class African American households in the Pittsburgh metropolitan statistical area." Huntington, WV : [Marshall University Libraries], 2005. http://www.marshall.edu/etd/descript.asp?ref=551.

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43

Min, Liang. "Decomposition algorithms for multi-area power system analysis." Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/5919.

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A power system with multiple interconnected areas needs to be operated coordinately for the purposes of the system reliability and economic operation, although each area has its own ISO under the market environment. In consolidation of different areas under a common grid coordinator, analysis of a power system becomes more computationally demanding. Furthermore, the analysis becomes more challenging because each area cannot obtain the network operating or economic data of other areas. This dissertation investigates decomposition algorithms for multi-area power system transfer capability analysis and economic dispatch analysis. All of the proposed algorithms assume that areas do not share their network operating and economic information among themselves, while they are willing to cooperate via a central coordinator for system wide analyses. The first proposed algorithm is based on power transfer distribution factors (PTDFs). A quadratic approximation, developed for the nonlinear PTDFs, is used to update tie-line power flows calculated by Repeated Power Flow (RPF). These tie-line power flows are then treated as injections in the TTC calculation of each area, as the central entity coordinates these results to determine the final system-wide TTC value. The second proposed algorithm is based on REI-type network equivalents. It uses the Continuation Power Flow (CPF) as the computational tool and, thus, the problem of voltage stability is considered in TTC studies. Each area uses REI equivalents of external areas to compute its TTC via the CPF. The choice and updating procedure for the continuation parameter employed by the CPF is implemented in a distributed but coordinated manner. The third proposed algorithm is based on inexact penalty functions. The traditional OPF is treated as the optimization problems with global variables. Quadratic penalty functions are used to relax the compatible constraints between the global variables and the local variables. The solution is proposed to be implemented by using a two-level computational architecture. All of the proposed algorithms are verified by numerical comparisons between the integrated and proposed decomposition algorithms. The proposed algorithms lead to potential gains in the computational efficiency with limited data exchanges among areas.
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44

Silva, Cl?bia Bezerra da. "An?lise da atividade tur?stica desenvolvida na ?rea de prote??o ambiental dos Recifes de Corais RN." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2009. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/18191.

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The protected areas are created for conservation to nature. The way they associate with the communities and visitors are essential to its objectives are achieved. This study aims to analyze how tourism is developed in the. The Recifes dos Corais Protected Area (APARC) through the identification of the image that tourists and residents have with respect to Parracho of Maracaja? and knowledge of the factors that contribute to a satisfactory visit of tourists. For this was an exploratorydescriptive study with quali-quantitative approach, with 236 tourists and 70 residents of the district of Maracaja?, using questionnaires and interviews. Data analysis techniques were used and percentage of arithmetic, factor analysis and content analysis. The results showed that the importance and significance attributed by residents to Parracho related to economic gains. Information on the APARC and on their standards are not done efficiently and contribute to negatively impact the site. The profile of tourists is not the most appropriate for a protected area. The dimensions of satisfaction to the tourists demonstrated the need for actions to be undertaken by the administration of APARC. Conclude that the image that the residents and tourists have of APARC is not conducive to the image of a protected areas. The tourists are satisfied with the tour in APARC, however, the dimensions of satisfaction are not consistent with the conservation of the site
As unidades de conserva??o s?o criadas para proteger a natureza. A maneira como elas se relacionam com as comunidades vizinhas e com seu visitantes ? determinante para que seus objetivos sejam atingidos. O presente trabalho analisa a forma como ? desenvolvida a atividade tur?stica na ?rea de Prote??o Ambiental dos Recifes de Corais (APARC), atrav?s da identifica??o da imagem que moradores do distrito de Maracaja? e os turistas que visitam o parracho de Maracaja? t?m com rela??o a este, como tamb?m, atrav?s da identifica??o dos fatores que contribuem para uma visita satisfat?ria para turistas que fazem o passeio ao referido parracho. Para isso foi realizado um estudo explorat?rio e descritivo com abordagem qualiquantitativa, com 236 turistas e 70 moradores do distrito de Maracaja?. Os instrumentos de coleta de dados foram o question?rio e o formul?rio pr?-codificado de entrevista padronizada. Para analise dos dados foram utilizadas an?lise descritiva, an?lise fatorial e an?lise de conte?do. Os resultados mostraram que a import?ncia e o significado atribu?dos pelos moradores ao parracho est?o relacionados a ganhos econ?micos. As informa??es sobre a APARC e sobre suas normas n?o s?o feitas de forma eficiente e contribuem para impactar negativamente o local. O perfil dos turistas n?o ? o mais adequado para uma unidade de conserva??o. As dimens?es de satisfa??o, para os turistas mostram a necessidade de a??es a serem desenvolvidas pela administra??o da APARC. Conclui-se que a imagem que os moradores e turistas t?m da APARC n?o ? condizente com a imagem que deve ter uma unidade de conserva??o. Os turistas mostraram-se satisfeitos com o passeio na APARC, contudo, as dimens?es de satisfa??o encontradas n?o s?o condizentes com a conserva??o do local
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45

Strickhouser, Sara. "Measuring Impact: The State of Nonprofit Evaluation in the Greater Orlando Area." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5709.

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Research shows that since the mid-1990s funders of the nonprofit sector have significantly increased the sophistication of their reporting requirements. Funders today want agencies to demonstrate beyond outputs and report on outcomes and the impact they have on the communities they serve. Funders are monitoring community impact by requiring more complex reports from the agencies they fund. These changes have meant that agencies must become proficient in data collection, management, and analyses practices in order to accurately respond to funders' report requests. Nonprofits, however, find these requirements difficult to conceptualize and even more difficult to attain. Managing and analyzing the data necessary to create the required reports proves a formidable task. This research shows that among many obstacles reported, a lack of communication between agency and funders about their intended goals leads to some frustration from both sides, ultimately making it exceptionally difficult to attain the ultimate goal of the new reporting requirements: to measure community-level impact. This study utilizes qualitative interviews with 8 human service nonprofit agencies and one funding agency in the greater Orlando area to investigate what agencies report are their major obstacles when trying to meet funders' new reporting requirements and what a funder's response to these concerns is. Agency interviews were analyzed for the most common themes and concerns reported. The interviews explore the way nonprofits are responding to the new requirements from donors and what they think could be done differently to better capture valuable data that would speak to issues at the community level.
M.A.
Masters
Sociology
Sciences
Applied Sociology
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46

Winn, Matthew F. "Analysis of Red Oak Timber Defects and Associated Internal Defect Area for the Generation of Simulated Logs." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36181.

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Log sawing simulation computer programs can be a valuable tool for training sawyers as well as for testing different sawing patterns. Most available simulation programs rely on databases from which to draw logs and can be very costly and time-consuming to develop. In this study, a computer program was developed that can accurately generate random, artificial logs and serve as an alternative to using a log database. One major advantage of using such a program is that every log generated is unique, whereas a database is finite.

Real log and external defect data was obtained from the Forest Service Northeastern Research Station in Princeton, West Virginia for red oak (Quercus rubra, L.) logs. These data were analyzed to determine distributions for log and external defect attributes, and the information was used in the program to assure realistic log generation. An attempt was made to relate the external defect attributes to internal defect characteristics such as volume, depth, and angle. CT scanning was used to obtain internal information for the five most common defect types according to the Princeton log data. Results indicate that external indicators have the potential to be good predictors for internal defect volume. Tests performed to determine whether a significant amount of variation in volume was explained by the predictor variables proved significant for all defect types. Corresponding R2 values ranged from 0.39 to 0.93. External indicators contributed little to the explanation of variation in the other dependent variables. Additional predictor variables should be tested to determine if further variation could be explained.
Master of Science

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47

Mole, Antónia da Conceição dos Reis Pão. "Contribution to the knowledge of selected parasitic infections in red-foxes (Vulpes vulpes) of the Alentejo area." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/20776.

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Esta dissertação foi desenvolvida no âmbito do mestrado em Biologia da Conservação e resultou da ligação entre a Biologia e a vigilância sanitária. Durante a época de caça foram capturadas vinte e cinco raposas-vermelhas na região do Alentejo, tendo sido submetidas a provas serológicas para detecção de presença de Leishmania infantum, Toxoplasma gondii e Neospora caninum. Este estudo de vigilância permitirá inferir sobre a saúde do ecossistema e sobre reservatórios de doença tanto para animais silvestres ameaçados, como o lince ibérico, assim como para mamíferos domésticos e para o próprio Homem. Foram detectados, com ELISA, anticorpos anti-L infantum em 5.6% dos animais, anticorpos anti-T. gondii em 50% dos animais, com IFAT e MATe finalmente anticorpos anti-N. caninum em 16.7% das raposas, com IFAT. - ABSTRACT: The present project was developed as an investigation for a master's dissertation in Biology Conservation, a study that links Biology and health surveillance. Twenty-five foxes were obtained during hunting season and serological tests were used to assess the presence of Leishmania infantum, Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum in the red-fox from the Alentejo area; this descriptive surveillance study provides a first insight into the health of the ecosystem and reservoirs of diseases both to endangered sympatric wild species, such as the lberian lynx, and to domestic mammals and even humans. lt's important to better understand the threat and potential impact that disease agents might pose for the conservation of endangered species. Anti-L infantum antibodies were detected by ELISA in 5.6% of the animals, anti-T. gondii antibodies were identified by IFAT and MAT in 50% of the animals; finally, anti-N. caninum antibodies were detected by IFAT in 16.7% of the foxes.
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48

Blankenship, Anne Carrington. "A two-year seasonal analysis of wetland vegetation at the McClintic Wildlife Management Area in Mason County, West Virginia." Huntington, WV : [Marshall University Libraries], 2005. http://www.marshall.edu/etd/descript.asp?ref=560.

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49

Petsch, Carina. "Evolução hidro geomorfológica da zona proglacial da Geleira Collins, Ilha Rei George, Antártica." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/178701.

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As geleiras são indicadores sensíveis às mudanças climáticas, aquelas áreas marginais à geleira e proglaciais apresentam várias mudanças decorrentes da retração das geleiras. Dessa forma, esta tese propõe um modelo de desenvolvimento hidrológico e geomorfológico da zona proglacial de uma geleira no sul da ilha Rei George, ilhas Shetland do Sul, Antártica no período desde a Pequena Idade do Gelo até 2017. A compartimentação do relevo e mapeamento geomorfológico proglacial foi feito a partir de Modelo Digital de Elevação gerado a partir de imagens TanDEM-X e de uma imagem QuickBird de 2008, além de coletas de sedimentos em campo. Já para a caracterização da fenologia de gelo da superfície de lagos proglaciais, foi feita uma correlação da área de superfície líquida, obtida em imagens TerraSAR X de 2011, com as variáveis temperatura, precipitação e vento. O cenário de evolução da geleira (chamada localmente de geleira Collins) até 2070 foi elaborado a partir de metodologia de Ruckamp et al. (2011). Os compartimentos na península onde encontra-se a geleira (península Fildes) são planaltos e depressões que possuem como principais formas associadas paleovales em U e vales em anfiteatro que foram posteriormente retrabalhados por canais de degelo e processos intempéricos. A área proglacial não é homogênea e a frente da geleira apresentou distintos ambientes que foram mapeados nessa tese em setores. Os setores do lado leste são os mais dinâmicos da geleira, pois além de apresentar vários canais de água de degelo, tem feições como flutings e morainas de recessão. No cenário do comportamento da geleira para o futuro, são justamente essas áreas que deverão ser as primeiras a apresentarem retração, até 2030 É provável que no futuro, com a retração da geleira, devido a configuração do relevo subglacial, haverá formação de lagos, alagados e canais nas suas porções mais côncavas e mais tempo de atuação dos processos paraglaciais. Os setores voltados para a passagem de Drake indicam um sistema glacial ativo com capacidade de transporte de material de diferentes tamanhos e quantidade. No futuro essa área, devido ao relevo subglacial e hidrologia, provavelmente não terá a formação de lagos e feições como flutings ou morainas de recessão, se caracterizando como mais estável. Quanto a formação atual dos lagos, 7 dos 15 lagos analisados para o verão de 2011 apresentaram correlação significativa (ρ maior que 0,4) com a temperatura, enquanto 11 lagos responderam significativamente para precipitação. Os lagos atingem a área máxima de superfície líquida no final de fevereiro e congelam completamente no início de abril. O cenário de variação espacial da frente da geleira Collins revela a continuidade do processo de retração para as próximas décadas, com perda de 35% de sua área até 2070. No primeiro momento, a retração na zona proglacial formará uma área instável com alta quantidade de sedimentos nos canais. A fixação da vegetação contribuirá nessa fase para aumento da infiltração de água de degelo no solo (formação de alagados), aumento da força e cisalhamento do solo até que a paisagem atinja uma fase estável, com indícios de atividade periglacial entre 2050 e 2070.
Glaciers are sensitive indicators of climate change, those marginal and proglacial areas show several changes due to glaciers retraction. Having this in mind, this thesis proposes a hydrological and geomorphological development model for the proglacial zone of a glacier in the south of the King George island, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica in the period between the Little Ice Age and 2017. The relief compartmentation and proglacial geomorphological mapping was done using a Digital Elevation Model generated from TanDEM-X images and a QuickBird image from 2008, in addition to field sediment samples. For the characterization of the ice phenology of the proglacial lakes surface, a correlation of the net surface area, obtained from 2011 TerraSAR X images, was made with temperature, precipitation and wind variables. The evolution of the glacier (locally called Collins Glacier) until 2070 was elaborated using the methodology by Ruckamp et al. (2011). The compartments in the peninsula where the glacier is located (Fildes Peninsula) are plateaus and depressions that have U paleovalley sand amphitheatre valleys as main forms later reworked by melting channels and intemperic processes. The proglacial area is not homogeneous and the glacier front has different environments that were mapped in this thesis in sectors. The glacier eastern sectors are the most dynamic ones, as they have several melting water channels, features like flutings and moraines of recession. In the scenario for the future behaviour of the glacier, it is possible that these areas that will be the first ones to present retraction, until 2030 It is probable that in the future, with the retraction of the glacier, due to the configuration of the subglacial relief, there will be formation of lakes, flooded areas and channels in their more concave portions and more time for operation of the paraglacial processes. The sectors orientated to the Drake Passage indicate an active glacial system with capacity to transport material of different sizes and quantity. In the future this area, due to subglacial relief and hydrology, probably will not have the formation of lakes and features like flutings or moraines of recession, characterizing itself as more stable. Regarding the current lake formation, 7 of the 15 lakes analysed for the 2011 summer presented a significant correlation (ρ greater than 0.4) with temperature, while 11 lakes responded significantly to precipitation. The lakes reached the maximum net surface area at the end of February and frozen completely at the beginning of April. The spatial variation scenario of the Collins Glacier front reveals the continuity of the retraction process for the coming decades, with a loss of 35% of its area by 2070. At the first moment, the retraction in the proglacial zone will form an unstable area with a high amount of sediments in the channels. In this phase, vegetation fixation will increase the infiltration of melting water into the soil (formation of floodwaters), increase of soil strength and shear until the landscape reaches a stable phase, with indications of periglacial activity between 2050 and 2070.
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50

Gallão, Jonas Eduardo. "Estado de conservação e dados de distribuição da fauna troglóbia brasileira com propostas de áreas prioritárias para proteção." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/2074.

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In this paper, we analyzed the Brazilian subterranean fauna, in relation to the actual conservation status, considering the knowledge of its biodiversity, threats to the conservation of this environment and the current legislation relevant to our speleological heritage. The work was divided into chapters, for publication purposes. In chapter I, we present faunal lists of Brazilian troglobitic species (with formal descriptions and not yet described, totaling a minimum of 252 species), their distributions, besides the main causes of destruction / threat of subterranean realm. Still, we propose the Serra do Ramalho, southwestern Bahia state, as a priority area for conservation, since the pressure mining and other factors could decimate the caves of this region biologically important. In chapter II, we discuss about the difficulties of species inclusion in the Red List, and its effective protection, with a case study of Brazilian troglobitic fishes. Problems such as the taxonomic impediment, geographical variations and inclusion only of binomials (Genus species) are discussed. In chapter III, we elected a new hotspot for neotropical subterranean fauna, quartzitic caves from Igatu, in the center region of Chapada Diamantina, central Bahia state. In addition, we tested one of the items of the Instrução Normativa No. 2 of Decreto 6640, which legislates about environmental impact studies of Brazilian caves and we demonstrate that there is not any protectionist law for our subterranean environment.
No presente trabalho, analisamos a fauna subterrânea brasileira, em relação ao seu status de conservação atual, contemplando o conhecimento de sua biodiversidade, as ameaças à conservação deste ambiente e a atual legislação pertinente ao nosso patrimônio espeleológico. O trabalho foi dividido em capítulos, para fins de publicação. No capítulo I apresentamos listas faunísticas de troglóbios brasileiros (com descrições formais e os ainda não descritos, totalizando um mínimo de 252 espécies), suas distribuições, além das principais causas de destruição/ameaça do meio subterrâneo. Ainda, propomos a região da Serra do Ramalho, sudoeste da Bahia, como uma área prioritária para conservação, visto que a pressão minerária e outros fatores podem dizimar as cavernas dessa região, biologicamente importantes. Para o capítulo II, versamos sobre as dificuldades de inserção de espécies às Listas de Fauna Ameaçada de Extinção e efetiva proteção destas, com um estudo de caso de peixes troglóbios brasileiros. Problemas como o impedimento taxonômico, variações geográficas e a inserção somente de binômios (Gênero espécie) são abordados. No capítulo III, elegemos um novo hotspot de fauna subterrânea neotropical, as cavernas quatzíticas de Igatu, no centro da Chapada Diamantina, Bahia central. Além disso, testamos um dos itens da Instrução Normativa nº 2 do Decreto 6.640, o qual legisla sobre as cavernas brasileiras em estudos de impactos ambientais e mostramos que nenhuma lei ambiental para o meio hipógeo é protecionista.
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